S-1/A 1 a05-22209_1s1a.htm PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT

As filed with the Securities Exchange Commission on March 1, 2006

Registration No. 333-130609

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

Amendment No. 1 to

 

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

THE SCO GROUP, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

Delaware

 

7372

 

87-0662823

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 

355 South 520 West, Suite 100
Lindon, Utah 84042
(801) 765-4999

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

Darl C. McBride
President and Chief Executive Officer
355 South 520 West, Suite 100
Lindon, Utah 84042
(801) 765-4999

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copy to:

Nolan S. Taylor, Esq.
DORSEY & WHITNEY LLP
170 South Main Street, Suite 900
Salt Lake City, Utah 84101-1655
Telephone: (801) 933-7360
Facsimile: (801) 933-7373

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:

From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ý

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 



 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed.  These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective.  This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to completion: Dated March 1, 2006

 


 

THE SCO GROUP, INC.

 

2,852,449 SHARES OF COMMON STOCK

 


 

This prospectus relates to the sale, transfer or distribution of up to 2,852,449 shares of the common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of The SCO Group, Inc. by the selling stockholders described herein.  The price at which the selling stockholders may sell the shares will be determined by the prevailing market price for the shares or in negotiated transactions.  We will not receive any proceeds from the sale or distribution of the common stock by the selling stockholders.

 

Our common stock is quoted on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “SCOX.”  On February 27, 2006, the last price for our common stock, as reported by The Nasdaq Capital Market, was $4.33.

 


 

The shares of common stock offered or sold under this prospectus involve a high degree of risk.  You should carefully consider the risk factors beginning on page 4 of this prospectus before purchasing any of the shares of common stock offered under this prospectus.

 

The shares of common stock may be sold through broker-dealers or in privately negotiated transactions in which commissions and other fees may be charged.  These fees, if any, will be paid by the selling stockholders.  The SCO Group, Inc. has no agreement with a broker-dealer with respect to these shares and is unable to estimate the commissions that may be paid in any given transaction.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed.  The selling stockholders may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective.  This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 


 

The date of this prospectus is                , 2006

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

RISK FACTORS

 

DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY

 

DIVIDEND POLICY

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

BUSINESS

 

MANAGEMENT

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

 

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

EXPERTS

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus.  We have not, and the selling stockholders have not, authorized any other person to provide you with different information.  If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it.  We are not, and the selling stockholders are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.  You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus.  Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

 

As used in this prospectus, “SCO” and “OpenServer” are trademarks or registered trademarks of our Company in the United States and other countries. “UNIX” and “UnixWare” are registered trademarks of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. All other brand or product names are or may be trademarks of, and are used to identify the products and services of, their respective owners. Unless the context otherwise requires, when used herein, the “Company,” “SCO,” “us,” “we,” “ours,” and similar terms refer to The SCO Group, Inc. and our operating subsidiaries.

 



 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our common stock.  You should read the entire prospectus, including the risks discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, for important information regarding our company and our common stock before making the decision to invest.

 

THE SCO GROUP, INC.

 

Unix Business

 

Our UNIX business primarily serves the needs of small-to-medium sized businesses, including replicated site franchisees of Fortune 1000 companies, by providing reliable, cost effective UNIX software technology for distributed, embedded and network-based systems.  Our largest source of UNIX business revenue is derived from existing customers through our worldwide, indirect, leveraged channel of partners which includes distributors and independent solution providers.  We have operations in a number of countries that provide support and services to customers and resellers.  The other principal channel for selling and marketing our UNIX products is through existing customers that have a large number of replicated sites or franchisees.

 

We access these companies through their information technology or purchasing departments with our Area Sales Managers, or ASMs, in the United States and through our reseller channel in countries outside the United States.  In addition, we also sell our operating system products to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs.  Our sales of UNIX products and services during the last several quarters have been primarily to pre-existing UNIX customers and not newly acquired customers.  Our UNIX business revenue depends significantly on our ability to market and sell our products to existing customers and to generate upgrades from existing customers.

 

SCOsource Business

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, we became aware that our UNIX code and derivative works had been inappropriately included in the Linux operating system.  We believe the inclusion of our UNIX code and derivative works in Linux has been a major contributor to the decline in our UNIX business because users of Linux generally do not pay for the operating system but pay fees for services, distribution and maintenance.  The Linux operating system competes directly with our UNIX products and has taken significant market share from these products.

 

In an effort to protect our UNIX intellectual property, we initiated our SCOsource business.  The initiatives of this business include seeking to enter into license agreements with UNIX vendors and offering SCOsource IP agreements to Linux and other end users allowing them to continue to use our UNIX source code and derivative works found in Linux.  We believe that our SCOsource revenue opportunities have been adversely impacted by our outstanding dispute with Novell over our UNIX copyright ownership, which may have caused many potential customers to delay or forego licensing until an outcome in this legal matter has been reached.

 

In addition to our other SCOsource initiatives, in March 2003, we filed a complaint against International Business Machines Corporation, alleging, in part, that IBM had breached its license agreement with us by, among other things, inappropriately contributing UNIX source code and derivative works to the open source community and seeking to use its knowledge and methods related to UNIX source code and derivative works and modifications licensed to it to decrease the value of the UNIX operating system in favor of promoting the Linux operating system, of which it has been a major backer. Based on these alleged breaches, we delivered to IBM notice of termination of our license agreement with IBM that permitted IBM’s use of our UNIX source code in developing its AIX operating system.  Based on similar violations, we also sent termination letters to Sequent and Silicon Graphics.  We have also commenced litigation against Novell and others to protect our intellectual property and contractual rights.

 

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The Offering

 

Common stock offered by the selling stockholders

 

2,852,449 shares

 

Use of proceeds

 

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the common stock by the selling stockholders.

 

Risk factors

 

See “Risk Factors” and the other information included in this prospectus for a discussion of the factors you should consider carefully before deciding to invest in shares of our common stock.

 

Nasdaq Capital Market symbol

 

SCOX

 

 

Corporate Information

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 355 South 520 West, Suite 100, Lindon, Utah 84042. Our telephone number at that location is (801) 765-4999.

 

Summary Historical Consolidated Financial Data

 

The following table summarizes financial data regarding our business and should be read together with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes in this prospectus.

 

The selected statement of operations data for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 and the selected balance sheet data as of October 31, 2005 and 2004 are derived from, and are qualified by reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in this prospectus.

 

The selected statement of operations data for the years ended October 31, 2002 and 2001 and the selected balance sheet data as of October 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 are derived from audited consolidated financial statements not appearing in this prospectus. The selected financial data set forth below is not necessarily indicative of our future results of operations or financial performance.

 

 

 

 

 

Years Ended October 31,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

2001

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

Statement of Operations Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenue

 

$

36,004

 

$

42,809

 

$

79,254

 

$

64,241

 

$

40,441

 

Gross margin

 

$

17,691

 

$

15,711

 

$

59,332

 

$

45,925

 

$

25,518

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

$

(11,899

)

$

(28,573

)

$

3,436

 

$

(24,176

)

$

(133,636

)

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(16,227

)

$

5,304

 

$

(24,877

)

$

(131,357

)

Basic net income (loss) per common share

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.43

 

$

(1.93

)

$

(10.92

)

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.34

 

$

(1.93

)

$

(10.92

)

Weighted average basic common shares

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

12,261

 

12,893

 

12,024

 

Weighted averaged diluted common shares

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

15,679

 

12,893

 

12,024

 

 

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As of October 31,

 

 

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

2001

 

Balance Sheet Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

 

$

4,272

 

$

12,693

 

$

64,428

 

$

6,589

 

$

20,541

 

Working capital (deficit)

 

 

 

8,669

 

15,413

 

37,168

 

(6,332

)

14,401

 

Total assets

 

 

 

28,948

 

55,400

 

94,952

 

37,406

 

74,859

 

Long-term liabilities

 

 

 

338

 

343

 

508

 

1,625

 

5,925

 

Redeemable preferred stock

 

 

 

 

 

29,671

 

 

 

Common stock subject to rescission

 

1,018

 

528

 

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

11,337

 

21,702

 

19,516

 

8,177

 

34,604

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

 

An investment in our common stock involves significant risks.  You should read and analyze these risk factors carefully before deciding whether to invest in our company.  The following is a description of what we consider our key challenges and risks.

 

We do not have a history of profitable operations.

 

Our year ended October 31, 2003 was the first full year we were profitable in our operating history.  Our profitability for the year ended October 31, 2003 resulted primarily from our SCOsource business.  For the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004, we incurred net losses applicable to common stockholders of $10,726,000 and $16,227,000, respectively, and our accumulated deficit as of October 31, 2005 was $234,942,000.

 

If our revenue from the sale of our UNIX products and services continues to decline, we will need to further reduce operating expenses to generate positive cash flow. We may not be able to further reduce operating expenses without damaging our ability to support our existing UNIX business. Additionally, we may not be able to achieve profitability through additional cost-cutting actions.

 

Our UNIX products and services revenue has declined over the last several years primarily as a result of continued competition from alternative operating systems, particularly Linux. In our results of operations, we recognize revenue from agreements for support and maintenance contracts and other long-term contracts that have been previously invoiced and are included in deferred revenue. Our future UNIX revenue may be adversely impacted and may continue to decline if we are unable to replenish these deferred revenue balances with long-term maintenance and support contracts or replace them with other sustainable revenue streams. If we are unable to generate positive cash flow and profitable operations, our business will be adversely impacted.

 

We may not prevail in our SCO Litigation, which may adversely affect our ability to continue in business.

 

We continue to pursue the SCO Litigation and believe in the merits of our cases.  In our action against IBM, we seek damages for claims generally relating to our allegation that IBM has inappropriately used and distributed our UNIX source code and derivative works in connection with its efforts to promote the Linux operating system.  IBM has responded to our claims and brought counterclaims against us asserting generally that we do not have the right to assert claims based on our ownership of UNIX intellectual property against IBM or others in the Linux market.  Discovery is continuing in the case.  If we do not prevail in our action against IBM, or if IBM is successful in its counterclaims against us, our business and results of operations would be materially harmed and we may not be able to continue in business.  The litigation with IBM and others will be costly, and our costs for legal fees and related expenses have been and will continue to be substantial and may exceed our capital resources.  Additionally, the market price of our common stock may be negatively affected as a result of developments in our legal action against IBM that may be, or may be perceived to be, adverse to us.

 

As a result of the SCO Litigation, participants in the Linux marketplace and others affiliated with IBM or sympathetic to the Linux movement have taken actions attempting to negatively affect our business and our SCOsource efforts.  Linux proponents have taken a broad range of actions against us, including, for example, attempting to influence participants in the markets in which we sell our products to reduce or eliminate the amount of our products and services they purchase from us.  We expect that similar efforts likely will continue.  There is a risk that additional participants in our marketplace will negatively view the SCO Litigation, and we may lose support from such participants.  Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our position in the marketplace, our results of operations and our stock price and our ability to stay in business.

 

As a response to our claim that our UNIX source code and derivative works have inappropriately been included in Linux, Novell has publicly asserted its belief that it owns certain copyrights in our UNIX source code, and it has filed 15 copyright applications with the United States Copyright Office related to UNIX.  Novell has claimed to have retained rights related to UNIX source code licenses, including the license with IBM.  Novell asserts it has the right to take action on behalf of SCO in connection with such

 

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licenses, including termination rights.  Novell has purported to veto our termination of the IBM, Sequent and SGI licenses.  We have asserted that we obtained the UNIX business, source code, claims and copyrights when we acquired the assets and operations of the server and professional services groups from The Santa Cruz Operation in May 2001, which had previously acquired all such assets and rights from Novell in 1995 pursuant to an asset purchase agreement, as amended.  In January 2004, in response to Novell’s actions, we brought suit against Novell for slander of title seeking relief for Novell’s alleged bad faith effort to interfere with our rights related to our UNIX source code and derivative works and our UnixWare products.  Novell twice unsuccessfully sought to have the case dismissed.

 

On July 29, 2005, Novell filed its Answer and Counterclaims against us, asserting counterclaims for our alleged breaches of the Asset Purchase Agreement between Novell and our predecessor-in-interest, The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., for slander of title, restitution/unjust enrichment, an accounting related to Novell's retained binary royalty stream, and for declaratory relief regarding Novell’s alleged rights under the Asset Purchase Agreement.  On or about December 30, 2005, we filed a motion for leave to amend our complaint to assert additional claims against Novell, including copyright infringement, unfair competition and a breach of Novell’s limited license to use our UNIX source code.

 

Notwithstanding our assertions of full ownership of critical UNIX-related intellectual property rights, as set forth above, including copyrights, and even if we are successful in our legal action against Novell and end users such as AutoZone and DaimlerChrysler, the efforts of Novell and the other Linux proponents described above may cause further damage to our business including our ability to monetize our UNIX assets.  These efforts of Linux proponents also may increase the negative view some participants in our marketplace have regarding our SCO Litigation and may contribute to creating confusion in the marketplace about the validity of our claim that the unauthorized use of our UNIX source code and derivative works in Linux violates our contracts and copyrights.  Increased negative perception and potential confusion about our claims in our marketplace could impede our continued pursuit of the SCO Litigation and negatively impact our business.  For example, we believe that our decrease in SCOsource revenue for the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004 was in part attributable to Novell’s claim of UNIX copyright ownership, which may have caused potential customers to delay or forego licensing until an outcome in this legal matter has been reached.

 

We operate in a highly competitive market and face significant competition from a variety of current and potential sources; many of our current and potential competitors have greater financial and technical resources than we do; thus, we may fail to compete effectively.

 

In the operating system market, our competitors include IBM, Red Hat, Novell, HP, Sun, Microsoft and other Linux distributors.  These and other competitors are aggressively pursuing the current UNIX operating system market. Many of these competitors have access to substantially greater resources than we do.  The major competitive alternative to our UNIX products is Linux.  The expansion of our competitors’ offerings may restrict the overall market available for our UNIX products, including some markets where we have been successful in the past.

 

Our future success may depend in part on our ability to continue to meet the increasing needs of our customers by supporting existing and emerging technologies.  If we do not enhance our products to meet these evolving needs, we may not remain competitive and be able to sustain or grow our business. Additionally, because technological advancement in the UNIX operating system market and alternative operating system markets is progressing at a rapid pace, we will have to develop and introduce enhancements to our existing products and any new products on a timely basis to keep pace with these developments, evolving industry standards and changing customer requirements.  Our failure to meet any of these and other competitive pressures may render our existing products and services obsolete, which would have an adverse impact on our revenue and operations.

 

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The success of our UNIX business will depend on the level of commitment and certification we receive from industry partners and developers.  In recent years, we have seen hardware and software vendors as well as software developers turn their certification and application development efforts toward Linux and elect not to continue to support or certify to our UNIX operating system products.  If this trend continues, our competitive position will be adversely impacted and our future revenue from our UNIX business will decline.  The decline in our UNIX business may be accelerated if industry partners withdraw their support from us for any reason, including our SCO Litigation.

 

If the market for UNIX continues to contract, our business will be harmed.

 

Our revenue from the sale of UNIX products has declined over the last several years.  This decrease in revenue has been attributable primarily to increased competition from other operating systems, particularly Linux.  Our sales of UNIX products and services are primarily to existing customers. If the demand for UNIX products continues to decline, and we are unable to develop UNIX products and services that successfully address a market demand, our UNIX revenue will continue to decline, industry participants may not certify to our operating system and products, we may not be able to attract new customers or retain existing customers and our business and results of operations will be adversely affected.  Because of the long adoption cycle for operating system purchases and the long sales cycle of our operating system products, we may not be able to reverse these revenue declines quickly.

 

We may lose the support of industry partners leading to an accelerated decline in our UNIX products and services revenue.

 

The decline in our UNIX business and our SCO Litigation may cause industry partners, developers and hardware and software vendors to choose not to support or certify to our UNIX operating system products.  This would lead to an accelerated decline in our UNIX products and services revenue and would adversely impact our results of operations and liquidity.

 

Our claims relating to our UNIX intellectual property may subject us to additional legal proceedings.

 

In August 2003, Red Hat brought a lawsuit against us asserting that the Linux operating system does not infringe on our UNIX intellectual property rights and seeking a declaratory judgment for non-infringement of copyrights and no misappropriation of trade secrets.  In addition, Red Hat claims we have engaged in false advertising in violation of the Lanham Act, deceptive trade practices, unfair competition, tortious interference with prospective business opportunities, and trade libel and disparagement.  Although this case is currently stayed pending the resolution of our suit against IBM, we intend to vigorously defend this action.  However, if Red Hat is successful in its claim against us, our business and results of operations could be materially harmed.

 

In addition, regulators or others in the Linux market and some foreign regulators have initiated or in the future may initiate legal actions against us, all of which may negatively impact our operations and future operating performance.

 

We rely on our indirect sales channel for distribution of our products, and any disruption of our channel at any level could adversely affect the sales of our products.

 

We have a two-tiered distribution channel.  The relationships we have developed with resellers allow us to offer our products and services to a much larger customer base than we would otherwise be able to reach through our own direct sales and marketing efforts.  Some solution providers also purchase solutions through our resellers, and we anticipate they will continue to do so.  Because we usually sell indirectly through resellers, we cannot control the relationships through which resellers, solution providers or equipment integrators purchase our products.  In turn, we do not control the presentation of our products to end users.  Therefore, our sales could be affected by disruptions in the relationships between us and our resellers, between our resellers and solution providers, or between solution providers

 

6



 

and end users.  Also, resellers and solution providers may choose not to emphasize our products to their customers.  Any of these occurrences could diminish the effectiveness of our distribution channel and lead to decreased sales.

 

Our future SCOsource licensing revenue is uncertain.

 

We initiated the SCOsource licensing effort in the year ended October 31, 2003 to review the status of UNIX licensing and sublicensing agreements.  This effort resulted in the execution of two significant vendor license agreements and generated $25,846,000 in revenue during the year ended October 31, 2003.  During the year ended October 31, 2004, our SCOsource licensing revenue declined significantly to only $829,000 and during the year ended October 31, 2005, our SCOsource licensing revenue declined further to $166,000.  Because of a lack of historical experience and the uncertainties related to SCOsource licensing revenue, we are unable to estimate the amount and timing of future SCOsource licensing revenue, if any.  If we do receive revenue from this source, it may be sporadic and fluctuate from quarter to quarter.  Additionally, the success of these initiatives may depend on the strength of our intellectual property rights and contractual claims regarding UNIX, including the strength of our claim that unauthorized UNIX source code and derivative works are prevalent in Linux.

 

Fluctuations in our operating results or the failure of our operating results to meet the expectations of public market analysts and investors may negatively impact our stock price.

 

Fluctuations in our operating results or our failure to meet the expectations of analysts or investors, even in the short-term, could cause our stock price to decline significantly.  Because of the potential for significant fluctuations in our SCOsource licensing revenue in any particular period, you should not rely on comparisons of our results of operations as an indication of future performance.

 

Factors that may affect our results include:

 

                                          our ability to successfully negotiate and complete licensing and other agreements related to our intellectual property;

 

                                          the interest level of resellers in recommending our UNIX business solutions to end users and the introduction, development, timing, competitive pricing and market acceptance of our products and services and those of our competitors;

 

                                          the activities of short sellers;

 

                                          changes in general economic conditions, such as recessions, that could affect capital expenditures in the software industry;

 

                                          results of, or developments in, our SCO Litigation;

 

                                          changes in business attitudes toward UNIX as a viable operating system compared to other competing systems, especially Linux;

 

                                          the contingency and other legal fees we may pay to the law firms representing us in our efforts to defend our intellectual property rights; and

 

                                          changes in attitudes of customers and partners due to the decline in our UNIX business and our aggressive position against the inclusion of our UNIX code and derivative works in Linux.

 

We also experience fluctuations in operating results in interim periods in Europe and the Asia Pacific regions due to seasonal slowdowns and economic conditions in these areas.  Seasonal slowdowns in these regions typically occur during the summer months.

 

7



 

As a result of the factors listed above and elsewhere, it is possible that our results of operations may be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors in any particular period.  This could cause our stock price to decline. If revenue falls below our expectations, and we are unable to quickly reduce our spending in response, our operating results will be lower than expected. Our stock price may fall in response to these events.

 

Our foreign-based operations and sales create special problems, including the imposition of governmental controls and taxes and fluctuations in currency exchange rates that could hurt our results.

 

We have foreign operations, including development facilities, sales personnel and customer support operations in Europe, Latin America and Asia. These foreign operations are subject to certain inherent risks, including:

 

                                          potential loss of developed technology through piracy, misappropriation, or more lenient laws regarding intellectual property protection;

 

                                          imposition of governmental controls, including trade restrictions and other tax requirements;

 

                                          fluctuations in currency exchange rates and economic instability;

 

                                          longer payment cycles for sales in foreign countries; and

 

                                          seasonal reductions in business activity.

 

In addition, certain of our operating expenses are denominated in local currencies, creating risk of foreign currency translation losses that could harm our financial results and cash flows.  When we generate profits in foreign countries, our effective income tax rate is increased.

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2004, our Indian office was given a withholding tax assessment from the Government of India Income Tax Department.  The Tax Department assessed a 15 percent withholding tax on certain revenue transactions in India that the Tax Department deemed royalty revenue under the Income Tax Act. We have filed an appeal with the Tax Department and believe that revenue from our packaged software does not qualify for royalty treatment and therefore would not be subject to withholding tax.  However, we may be unsuccessful in our appeal against the Tax Department and be obligated to pay the assessed taxable amounts.  Because of our international operations, we may be subject to additional withholding or taxes from other international jurisdictions.

 

If we are unable to retain key personnel in an intensely competitive environment, our operations could be adversely affected.

 

We need to retain our key management, technical and support personnel.  Competition for qualified professionals in the software industry is intense, and departures of existing personnel could be disruptive to our business and might result in the departure of other employees.  The loss or departure of any officers or key employees could harm our ability to implement our business plan and could adversely affect our operations.  Our future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service and coordination of our management team, particularly Darl C. McBride, our President and Chief Executive Officer.

 

Our engagement agreement with the law firms representing us in the SCO Litigation requires us to pay for expert, consulting and other costs, which could harm our liquidity position if these costs are higher than anticipated.

 

As of October 31, 2005, we had a total of $10,437,000 in cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities and an additional $2,875,000 of restricted cash to be used in our operations and pursue the SCO Litigation.  Since October 31, 2004, we have spent $2,125,000 for expert, consulting and other

 

8



 

costs as agreed in the Engagement Agreement with our legal counsel in the SCO Litigation.  As we continue with discovery and other trial preparations during the year ending October 31, 2006, we believe that we will spend the $2,875,000 remaining in escrow and we may be required to place additional amounts into the escrow account, which could harm our liquidity position.

 

We have issued options under our equity compensation plans without complying with registration or qualification requirements under the securities laws of California, Georgia and possibly other states, and, as a result, we may incur rescission liability for such options and may face additional potential claims under state securities laws.

 

In addition to the shares issued under our 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or ESPP, we have granted options under our 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan and 2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan without complying with the registration or qualification requirements under the securities laws of California, Georgia and possibly other states.  We may face rescission liability to plan participants holding unexercised stock options in these states.  Additionally, regulatory authorities may require us to pay fines or they may impose other sanctions upon us, and we may face other claims by plan participants other than rescission claims.

 

Our stock price is volatile.

 

The trading price for our common stock has been volatile during the last several years and our share price has changed dramatically over short periods.  We believe that changes in our stock price are affected by the factors mentioned above under the caption entitled “Fluctuations in our operating results or the failure of our operating results to meet the expectations of public market analysts and investors may negatively impact our stock price” as well as from changing public perceptions concerning the strength of our intellectual property claims and other factors beyond our control.  Public perception can change quickly and without any change or development in our underlying business or litigation position.  An investment in our stock is subject to such volatility and, consequently, is subject to significant risk.

 

There are risks associated with the potential exercise of our outstanding options.

 

As of January 31, 2006, we have issued and outstanding options to purchase up to approximately 4,620,000 shares of common stock with an average exercise price of $4.11 per share.  The existence of such rights to acquire common stock at fixed prices may prove a hindrance to our efforts to raise future equity and debt funding, and the exercise of such rights will dilute the percentage ownership interest of our stockholders and may dilute the value of their ownership.  The possible future sale of shares issuable on the exercise of outstanding options could adversely affect the prevailing market price for our common stock.  Further, the holders of the outstanding stock options may exercise them at a time when we would otherwise be able to obtain additional equity capital on terms more favorable to us.

 

Common stock available for resale may depress the market price of our common stock.

 

We have filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which has been declared effective, covering the potential resale by one of our shareholders of up to 2,105,163 shares of common stock, or 10.0% of our outstanding common stock.  In addition, the shares being registered under this registration statement, covering the potential resale by some of our shareholders of up to 2,852,449 shares of our common stock, represents 13.6% of our outstanding common stock.  The existence of a substantial number of shares of common stock subject to immediate resale could depress the market price for our common stock and impair our ability to raise needed capital.

 

Our stock price could decline further because of the activities of short sellers.

 

Our stock has attracted significant interest from short sellers.  The activities of short sellers could further reduce the price of our stock or inhibit increases in our stock price.

 

The right of our Board of Directors to authorize additional shares of preferred stock could adversely impact the rights of holders of our common stock.

 

9



 

Our Board of Directors currently has the right, with respect to the 5,000,000 shares of our preferred stock, to authorize the issuance of one or more additional series of our preferred stock with such voting, dividend and other rights as our directors determine.  The Board of Directors can designate new series of preferred stock without the approval of the holders of our common stock.  The rights of holders of our common stock may be adversely affected by the rights of any holders of additional shares of preferred stock that may be issued in the future, including without limitation, further dilution of the equity ownership percentage of our holders of common stock and their voting power if we issue preferred stock with voting rights.  Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock.

 

Our stockholder rights plan could make it more difficult for a hostile bid for our company or a change of control transaction to succeed at current market prices for our stock.

 

We have adopted a stockholder rights plan.  The power given to the Board of Directors by the stockholder rights plan may make it more difficult for a change of control of our company to occur or for our company to be acquired when the acquisition is opposed by our Board of Directors.

 

DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements. With the exception of historical facts, the statements contained in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which reflect our current expectations and beliefs regarding our future results of operations, performance and achievements. The sections entitled “Prospectus Summary” and “Business” also include forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and are based upon assumptions and beliefs that may or may not materialize. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning:

 

                              Our intention to continue our UNIX research and development efforts while at the same time investing in Me Inc.;

 

                              Our operating strategy to continue to support our existing users of our UNIX operating system products and protect our intellectual property rights;

 

                              Our belief that our OpenServer and UnixWare products will continue to provide a revenue stream in the year ending October 31, 2006 and our belief that revenue from such products will continue to decline;

 

                              Our expectation that our sales channel should continue to provide reliable UNIX operating systems for small-to-medium sized business customers;

 

                              Our intention to focus certain UNIX development resources on augmenting our current UNIX products and our application products;

 

                              Our intention to release various Me Inc. digital services and a development toolkit;

 

10



 

                              Our belief that certain product enhancements will extend the lives and improve the functionality of our UNIX products;

 

                              Our expectation that hardware and software vendors, as well as software developments, will continue to turn their certification and application development efforts toward Linux and elect not to continue to support or certify to our UNIX operating system products;

 

                              Our intention to vigorously defend legal claims and counterclaims brought against us by others;

 

                              Our intention to continue to pursue the SCO Litigation and run our UNIX business;

 

                              Our belief that our cash balance will be adequate for us to execute our business strategy as well as to continue to pursue SCO Litigation and that we have sufficient cash reserves to fund our current operations for the next 12 months;

 

                              Our expectation that maintaining our strategic alliances with solution providers during the year ending October 31, 2006 will be critical to the success of our UNIX business and the success of our next OpenServer product;

 

                              Our intention to keep our relationships with key partners in certain vertical markets;

 

                              Our belief that our bad debts and our allowance for doubtful accounts receivable will remain consistent with our prior experience;

 

                              The strength of our intellectual property rights and contractual claims regarding UNIX generally and specifically the strength of our claim that unauthorized UNIX source code and derivatives of UNIX source code are contained in Linux;

 

                              Our expectation that total UNIX revenue for the year ending October 31, 2006 will decline from UNIX revenue generated during the year ended October 31, 2005;

 

                              Our belief that competition from Linux will continue during the year ending October 31, 2006 and future periods;

 

                              Our expectation that we will continue to be unable to predict the amount and timing of SCOsource licensing revenue, and when generated, the revenue will be sporadic;

 

                              Our expectation that future services revenue will depend in part on our ability to generate UNIX products revenue from new customers as well as the renewal of annual support and services agreements from existing UNIX customers;

 

                              Our expectation for the year ending October 31, 2006 that the dollar amount of our cost of products revenue will be lower than the dollar amount of our cost of products revenue generated during the year ended October 31, 2005;

 

                              Our expectation for the year ending October 31, 2006 that the dollar amount of our cost of SCOsource licensing revenue will be lower than that generated during the year ended October 31, 2005;

 

                              Our expectation for the year ending October 31, 2006 that the dollar amount of our cost of services revenue will be less than the dollar amount of our cost of services revenue incurred for the year ended October 31, 2005 and that cost of services revenue as a percentage of services revenue will be consistent to that generated during the year ended October 31, 2005;

 

                              Our expectation for the year ending October 31, 2006 that the dollar amount of our sales and marketing expense will decrease from that generated during the year ended October 31, 2005;

 

                              Our expectation for the year ending October 31, 2006 that the dollar amount of our research and development expense will decrease from that generated during the year ended October 31, 2005;

 

                              Our expectation for the year ending October 31, 2006 that the dollar amount of our general and administrative expense will decrease from that generated during the year ended October 31, 2005;

 

                              Our belief that our legal costs related to our intellectual property litigation will be less during the year ending October 31, 2006 compared to the year ended October 31, 2005, exclusive of any contingent payments; and

 

                              Our belief that certain legal actions to which we are a party will not have a material adverse effect on us.

 

We wish to caution readers that our operating results are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results and outcomes to differ materially from those discussed or anticipated, including the success of our SCOsource initiatives, competition from other operating systems, particularly Linux, the amount and timing of SCOsource licensing revenue, our ability to enhance our UNIX operating systems and maintain our UNIX business, and the factors set forth under “Risk Factors” above. We also wish to advise readers not to place any undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus, which reflect our beliefs and expectations only as of the date of this prospectus. We assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements to reflect new events or circumstances or any changes in our beliefs or expectations, other than as required by law.

 

11



 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

The shares of common stock offered by this prospectus will be sold or distributed by the selling stockholders, and the selling stockholders will receive all of the proceeds, if any, from the sales of such shares by them.  We will not receive any proceeds from the sale or distribution of the common stock by the selling stockholders.

 

MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY

 

Market Price of Our Common Stock

 

Our common stock initially traded on The Nasdaq National Market beginning in March 2000, but has been traded on The Nasdaq Capital Market since February 2003. In September 2002, we changed our trading symbol from “CALD” to “SCOX.” The table below sets forth the range of high and low closing prices of our common stock as reported on The Nasdaq National Market and The Nasdaq Capital Market, as applicable, for the last two fiscal years.

 

 

 

SCO Common Stock

 

 

 

High

 

Low

 

Year Ended October 31, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

Quarter ended January 31, 2006

 

$

4.21

 

$

3.69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

Quarter ended January 31, 2005

 

4.99

 

2.85

 

Quarter ended April 30, 2005

 

4.60

 

3.42

 

Quarter ended July 31, 2005

 

4.22

 

3.50

 

Quarter ended October 31, 2005

 

4.93

 

3.75

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

Quarter ended January 31, 2004

 

19.08

 

13.65

 

Quarter ended April 30, 2004

 

14.40

 

6.27

 

Quarter ended July 31, 2004

 

6.34

 

4.03

 

Quarter ended October 31, 2004

 

5.10

 

2.98

 

 

On February 27, 2006, the closing sales price for our common stock as reported by The Nasdaq Capital Market was $4.33.  As of February 24, 2006, there were 389 holders of common stock of record.

 

DIVIDEND POLICY

 

We have not historically declared or paid any cash dividends on shares of our common stock and plan to retain our future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business.

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The following selected financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes in this prospectus and in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” appearing below. The selected statement of operations data for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 and the selected balance sheet data as of October 31, 2005 and 2004 are derived from, and are qualified by reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in this prospectus.

 

The selected statement of operations data for the years ended October 31, 2002 and 2001 and the selected balance sheet data as of October 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 are derived from audited consolidated financial statements not appearing in this prospectus. The selected financial data set forth below is not necessarily indicative of our future results of operations or financial performance.

 

12



 

 

 

Years Ended October 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

2001

 

 

 

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

Statement of Operations Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total revenue

 

$

36,004

 

$

42,809

 

$

79,254

 

$

64,241

 

$

40,441

 

Gross margin

 

$

17,691

 

$

15,711

 

$

59,332

 

$

45,925

 

$

25,518

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

$

(11,899

)

$

(28,573

)

$

3,436

 

$

(24,176

)

$

(133,636

)

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(16,227

)

$

5,304

 

$

(24,877

)

$

(131,357

)

Basic net income (loss) per common share

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.43

 

$

(1.93

)

$

(10.92

)

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.34

 

$

(1.93

)

$

(10.92

)

Weighted average basic common shares

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

12,261

 

12,893

 

12,024

 

Weighted averaged diluted common shares

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

15,679

 

12,893

 

12,024

  

 

 

 

 

 

As of October 31,

 

 

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

2002

 

2001

 

Balance Sheet Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

 

$

4,272

 

$

12,693

 

$

64,428

 

$

6,589

 

$

20,541

 

Working capital (deficit)

 

 

 

8,669

 

15,413

 

37,168

 

(6,332

)

14,401

 

Total assets

 

 

 

28,948

 

55,400

 

94,952

 

37,406

 

74,859

 

Long-term liabilities

 

 

 

338

 

343

 

508

 

1,625

 

5,925

 

Redeemable preferred stock

 

 

 

 

 

29,671

 

 

 

Common stock subject to rescission

 

 

 

1,018

 

528

 

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

11,337

 

21,702

 

19,516

 

8,177

 

34,604

 

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, the related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Business Focus

 

UNIX Business.  Our UNIX business serves the needs of small-to-medium sized businesses, including replicated site franchisees of Fortune 1000 companies, by providing reliable, cost effective UNIX software technology for distributed, embedded and network-based systems.  Our largest source of UNIX business revenue is derived from existing customers through our worldwide, indirect, leveraged channel of partners, which includes distributors and independent solution providers.  We have employees or contractors in a number of countries that provide support and services to customers and resellers.  The other principal channel for selling and marketing our UNIX products is through existing customers that have a large number of replicated sites or franchisees.

 

We access these corporations through their information technology or purchasing departments with our Area Sales Managers (“ASMs”) in the United States and through our reseller channel in countries outside the United States.  In addition, we also sell our operating system products to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”).  Our sales of UNIX products and services during the last several years have been primarily to pre-existing UNIX customers and not newly acquired customers.  Our UNIX business revenue depends significantly on our ability to market and sell our products to existing customers and to generate upgrades from existing customers.

 

The following table and footnote shows the operating results of the UNIX business for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 (in thousands):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

35,838

 

$

41,980

 

$

53,408

 

Cost of revenue

 

5,466

 

7,355

 

10,422

 

Gross margin

 

30,372

 

34,625

 

42,986

 

Sales and marketing

 

11,666

 

15,806

 

24,392

 

Research and development

 

7,940

 

10,126

 

11,012

 

General and administrative

 

6,604

 

7,385

 

6,230

 

Other (1)

 

2,394

 

9,008

 

5,306

 

Total operating expenses

 

28,604

 

42,325

 

46,940

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

$

1,768

 

$

(7,700

)

$

(3,954

)

 

(1)                      For the year ended October 31, 2005, other costs included $2,372 of amortization of intangibles and $22 of stock-based compensation.  For the year ended October 31, 2004, other costs included $3,168 of severance and exit costs, $2,566 of amortization of intangibles, $2,355 of losses on disposition and impairment of long-lived assets, and $919 of stock-based compensation.  For the year ended October 31, 2003, other costs included $3,190 of amortization of intangibles, $1,204 of stock-based compensation, $498 of severance and exit costs, $250 of write-offs of investments, and $164 of losses on disposition and impairment of long-lived assets.

 

Revenue from our UNIX business decreased by $6,142,000, or 15%, for the year ended October 31, 2005 compared to the year ended October 31, 2004 and decreased by $11,428,000, or 21%, for the year ended October 31, 2004 compared to the year ended October 31, 2003.  The revenue from our UNIX business has been declining over the last several years primarily as a result of continued competition from alternative operating systems, particularly Linux.  We believe that the inclusion of our UNIX code and derivative works in Linux has been a contributor to the decline in our UNIX business revenue because users of Linux generally do not pay for the operating system itself, but for services and maintenance.

 

In an effort to attain profitability in our UNIX business, we have decreased our costs in each of the last three years.  Operating costs for our UNIX business decreased from $46,940,000 for the year

 

13



 

ended October 31, 2003, to $42,325,000 for the year ended October 31, 2004, and then further decreased to $28,604,000 for the year ended October 31, 2005.  These cost reductions have primarily been attributable to reduced headcount and consolidation of certain facilities.

 

In our UNIX business, we have reduced the number of full-time equivalent employees from 295 as of October 31, 2003, to 193 as of October 31, 2004, and to 163 as of October 31, 2005.  We have taken these headcount reductions and reduced other discretionary spending while still maintaining a worldwide presence.  Based on our cost-cutting actions, we have planned that our UNIX business will continue to generate positive cash flow during the year ending October 31, 2006.

 

The decline in our UNIX business revenue may be accelerated if industry partners withdraw their support as a result of our SCO Litigation.  The decline in our UNIX business and the SCO Litigation may cause industry partners, developers and hardware and software vendors to choose not to support or certify to our UNIX operating system products.  This would lead to an accelerated decline in revenue from our UNIX business.

 

SCOsource Business.  During the year ended October 31, 2003, we became aware that our UNIX code and derivative works had been inappropriately included by others in the Linux operating system.  We believe the inclusion of our UNIX code and derivative works in Linux has been a contributor to the decline in our UNIX business because users of Linux generally do not pay for the operating system itself, but pay for services and maintenance.  The Linux operating system competes directly with our OpenServer and UnixWare products and has taken significant market share from these products.

 

In an effort to protect our UNIX intellectual property, we initiated our SCOsource business.  Our SCOsource revenue for the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2005 was significantly lower than revenue generated during the year ended October 31, 2003 and we believe and allege our revenue and related revenue opportunities have been adversely impacted by Novell’s claim of UNIX copyright ownership, which may have caused potential customers to delay or forego licensing until an outcome in this legal matter has been reached.

 

The following table shows the results of operations for the SCOsource business (in thousands): 

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

166

 

$

829

 

$

25,846

Cost of revenue

 

12,847

 

19,743

 

9,500

 

Gross margin (deficit)

 

(12,681

)

(18,914

)

16,346

 

Sales and marketing

 

154

 

1,232

 

 

Research and development

 

389

 

486

 

 

General and administrative

 

443

 

241

 

 

Compensation to law firms

 

 

 

8,956

 

Total operating expenses

 

986

 

1,959

 

8,956

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

$

(13,667

)

$

(20,873

)

$

7,390

 

 

Revenue from our SCOsource business decreased from $25,846,000 for the year ended October 31, 2003, to $829,000 for the year ended October 31, 2004, and to $166,000 for the year ended October 31, 2005.  During the year ended October 31, 2003, SCOsource revenue was primarily attributable to two large vendor licenses.  We did not close similar transactions during the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004.  Revenue for the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004 was primarily attributable to sales of our SCOsource IP agreements.

 

Cost of revenue increased from $9,500,000 for the year ended October 31, 2003 to $19,743,000 for the year ended October 31, 2004, which was primarily attributable to increased legal fees incurred in

 

14



 

connection with our SCO Litigation.  Cost of revenue decreased to $12,847,000 for the year ended October 31, 2005 and this decrease was primarily attributable to our modified fee agreement with the law firms (the “Law Firms”) representing us in the SCO Litigation that has significantly reduced our ongoing costs.  The decrease in operating expenses was primarily attributable to decreased personnel and related costs.

 

Operating expenses for sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative decreased from $1,959,000 during the year ended October 31, 2004 to $986,000 during the year ended October 31, 2005.  The decrease in operating expenses was primarily attributable to decreased personnel and related costs.  The other expense for the year ended October 31, 2003 of $8,956,000 was attributable to a contingency fee payable to the Law Firms incurred in connection with the October 2003 issuance of our now retired Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.  This fee was not for attorney’s fees for legal services, which fees have been recorded as cost of SCOsource licensing revenue and was paid in November 2004.

 

Because of the uncertainties related to our SCOsource business, we are unable to estimate the amount and timing of future SCOsource licensing revenue.  We are unlikely to generate significant revenue from our SCOsource business unless and until we prevail in our SCO Litigation.  Additionally, the success of the SCOsource business may depend on the strength of our intellectual property rights and claims regarding UNIX, including our claims against Novell and the strength of our claim that unauthorized UNIX source code and derivative works are contained in Linux.

 

15



 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

Our critical accounting policies and estimates include the following:

 

                              Revenue recognition;

 

                              Deferred income taxes and related valuation allowances;

 

                              Severance and exit costs;

 

                              Impairment of long-lived assets; and

 

                              Allowances for doubtful accounts.

 

Revenue Recognition.  We recognize revenue in accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) 97-2, as modified by SOP 98-9.  Revenue recognition in accordance with these pronouncements is complex due to the nature and variability of our sales transactions.  We recognize products revenue upon shipment if a signed contract exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and product returns are reasonably estimable.

 

The majority of our revenue transactions relate to product–only sales.  On occasion we have revenue transactions that include multiple elements (such as products, maintenance, technical support services and other services).  For software agreements that have multiple elements, we allocate revenue to each component of the contract based on vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”).  VSOE is established when such elements are sold separately.  We recognize revenue when the criteria for product revenue recognition set forth above have been met.  If VSOE of all undelivered elements exists, but VSOE does not exist for one or more delivered elements, then revenue is recognized using the residual method.  Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the license fee is recognized as revenue in the period when persuasive evidence of an arrangement is obtained assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.  We recognize revenue allocated to undelivered products when the criteria for revenue recognition set forth above have been met.

 

Estimates used in revenue recognition include the determination of credit-worthiness of our customers, verification of sales-out reporting to end users through our two-tier distribution channel and the estimation of potential returns.  In addition to these estimates, we also provide reserves against revenue based on historical trends and experience.  To the extent our estimates are incorrect, or we are not able to maintain VSOE, our recognized revenue could be adversely impacted and would harm our results of operations.  Additionally, if our business conditions change or our revenue contracts begin to contain more multiple elements, our revenue recognition in future periods may be impacted because a larger component of revenue may be deferred.

 

Deferred Income Taxes and Related Valuation Allowance.  The amount, and ultimate realization, of our deferred income tax assets depends, in part, upon the tax laws in effect, our future earnings, if any, and other future events, the effects of which cannot be determined.  We have provided a valuation allowance of $69,239,000 against our entire net deferred tax asset as of October 31, 2005.  The valuation allowance was recorded because of our history of net operating losses and the uncertainties regarding our future operating profitability and taxable income.

 

Severance and Exit Costs.  Since 2001, we have undertaken significant restructuring activities to reduce our ongoing cost of operations.  All restructurings that occurred prior to the year ended October 31, 2003 were accounted for in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 94-3, “Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity.”  For restructuring activities initiated beginning with the year ended October 31, 2003, we have accounted for the

 

16



 

one-time termination benefits, contract termination costs and other associated costs in accordance with SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.”  Other severance benefits have been accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 112, “Employers’ Accounting for Postemployment Benefits.” and SFAS No. 88, “Employers’ Accounting for Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Plans and for Termination Benefits.”

 

Each restructuring has required us to make estimates and assumptions related to losses on vacated facilities, provisions for termination benefits, outplacement costs and other costs.  Pursuant to the relevant accounting literature, we may record an accrual for amounts associated with a restructuring that are not paid in the current period.  We regularly evaluate the adequacy of the accruals based on changes in estimates.  We may incur future charges for new restructuring activities.

 

Impairment of Long-lived Assets.  We review our long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable.  We evaluate, at each balance sheet date, whether events and circumstances have occurred which indicate possible impairment.  The carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated cumulative undiscounted cash flows of the related asset or group of assets is less than the carrying value.  In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair market value of the long-lived asset.

 

We performed an impairment analysis as of October 31, 2005 and determined that the fair value of our remaining long-lived assets was in excess of the current carrying values and that no impairment had occurred.  Judgment from management is required to determine if a triggering event has occurred and in forecasting future operating results.

 

Write-downs of intangible assets may be necessary if the future fair value of these assets is less than carrying value.  If the operating trends for our UNIX or SCOsource businesses continue to decline we may be required to record an impairment charge in a future period related to the carrying value of our long-lived assets.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.  We offer credit terms on the sale of our products to a majority of our customers and require no collateral from these customers.  We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon our historical collection experience and expected collectibility of all accounts receivable and have applied these policies consistently throughout the last three fiscal years.  Our allowance for doubtful accounts, which is determined based on our historical experience and a specific review of customer balances, was $144,000 as of October 31, 2005.  Our past experience has resulted in minimal differences from the actual amounts provided for bad debts and our recorded estimates.  However, our actual bad debts in future periods may differ from our current estimates and the differences may be material, which may have an adverse impact on our future accounts receivable and cash position.

 

17



 

 

Results of Operations

 

The following table presents our results of operations for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Years Ended October 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Statement of Operations Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Products

 

$

30,190

 

$

35,352

 

$

45,028

 

SCOsource licensing

 

166

 

829

 

25,846

 

Services

 

5,648

 

6,628

 

8,380

 

Total revenue

 

36,004

 

42,809

 

79,254

 

Cost of revenue:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Products

 

2,544

 

3,221

 

4,068

 

SCOsource licensing

 

12,847

 

19,743

 

9,500

 

Services

 

2,922

 

4,134

 

6,354

 

Total cost of revenue

 

18,313

 

27,098

 

19,922

 

Gross margin

 

17,691

 

15,711

 

59,332

 

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales and marketing

 

11,820

 

17,038

 

24,392

 

Research and development

 

8,329

 

10,612

 

11,012

 

General and administrative

 

7,047

 

7,626

 

6,230

 

Severance and exit costs

 

 

3,168

 

498

 

Amortization of intangibles

 

2,372

 

2,566

 

3,190

 

Loss on disposition and impairment of long-lived assets

 

 

2,355

 

164

 

Write-off of investments

 

 

 

250

 

Stock-based compensation

 

22

 

919

 

1,204

 

Compensation to law firms

 

 

 

8,956

 

Total operating expenses

 

29,590

 

44,284

 

55,896

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

(11,899

)

(28,573

)

3,436

 

Equity in income (losses) of affiliates

 

47

 

111

 

(62

)

Other income, net

 

1,399

 

6,507

 

2,827

 

Provision for income taxes

 

(273

)

(1,395

)

(774

)

Net income (loss)

 

(10,726

)

(23,350

)

5,427

 

Contributions from (dividends on) redeemable convertible preferred stock

 

 

7,123

 

(123

)

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(16,227

)

$

5,304

 

 

Years Ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003

 

Revenue

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

36,004,000

 

(16

)%

$

42,809,000

 

(46

)%

$

79,254,000

 

 

Revenue for the year ended October 31, 2005 decreased by $6,805,000, or 16%, from the year ended October 31, 2004.  This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in UNIX products and services revenue as a result of continued competition from other operating systems, primarily Linux.  Revenue for the year ended October 31, 2004 decreased by $36,445,000, or 46%, from the year ended October 31, 2003.  This decrease was primarily attributable to significantly lower SCOsource licensing

 

18



 

revenue in the year ended October 31, 2004 compared to the year ended October 31, 2003 as well as a continued decline in our UNIX business.

 

Revenue generated from our UNIX business and SCOsource business is as follows:

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

UNIX revenue

 

$

35,838,000

 

(15

)%

$

41,980,000

 

(21

)%

$

53,408,000

 

Percent of total revenue

 

100

%

 

 

98

%

 

 

67

%

SCOsource revenue

 

166,000

 

(80

)%

829,000

 

(97

)%

25,846,000

 

Percent of total revenue

 

0

%

 

 

2

%

 

 

33

%

 

The decrease in revenue in the UNIX business of $6,142,000 for the year ended October 31, 2005 compared to the year ended October 31, 2004 and the decrease in revenue of $11,428,000 for the year ended October 31, 2004 compared to the year ended October 31, 2003 was primarily attributable to continued competition from other operating systems, particularly Linux.  We believe that the inclusion of our UNIX code and derivative works in Linux has been a contributor to the decline in our UNIX revenue because users of Linux generally do not pay for the operating system itself, but pay for services and maintenance.  We anticipate that for the year ending October 31, 2006 our total UNIX revenue will decline from UNIX revenue generated in the year ended October 31, 2005 as a result of this continued competition.

 

SCOsource revenue decreased by $663,000 for the year ended October 31, 2005 compared to the year ended October 31, 2004 and this decrease was primarily attributable to reduced sales of IP agreements.  The decrease in SCOsource licensing revenue of $25,017,000 from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 was primarily attributable to minimal vendor licensing revenue in the year ended October 31, 2004 compared to significant vendor licensing revenue generated in the year ended October 31, 2003 as a result of two large vendor licenses.

 

Sales of our UNIX products and services during the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 were primarily to pre-existing customers.  Our UNIX business revenue depends significantly on our ability to market our products to existing customers and to generate upgrades from existing customers.  Our UNIX revenue may be lower than currently anticipated if we are not successful with our existing customers or if we lose the support of any of our existing hardware and software vendors or our key industry partners withdraw their marketing and certification support or direct their support to our competitors.  This may occur as a result of the decline of our UNIX business and our SCO Litigation.

 

Products Revenue

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Products revenue

 

$

30,190,000

 

(15

)%

$

35,352,000

 

(21

)%

$

45,028,000

 

Percent of total revenue

 

84

%

 

 

83

%

 

 

57

%

 

Our products revenue consists of software licenses for UNIX products such as OpenServer and UnixWare, as well as sales of UNIX-related products.  Products revenue also includes revenue derived from OEMs, distribution partners and large end-user accounts.  We rely heavily on our two-tier distribution channel and any disruption in our distribution channel could have an adverse impact on future revenue.

 

The decrease in products revenue of $5,162,000 from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and the decrease of $9,676,000 from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 was primarily attributable to decreased sales of OpenServer and UnixWare products primarily resulting from continued competition in the operating system market, particularly

 

19



 

Linux.  We believe that this competition from Linux will continue for the year ending October 31, 2006 and future periods.

 

Our products revenue was derived primarily from sales of our OpenServer and UnixWare products.  Other products revenue consists mainly of product maintenance and other UNIX-related products.  Revenue for these products was as follows:

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OpenServer revenue

 

$

16,720,000

 

(9

)%

$

18,467,000

 

(17

)%

$

22,162,000

 

Percent of products revenue

 

55

%

 

 

52

%

 

 

49

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

UnixWare revenue

 

8,979,000

 

(19

)%

11,125,000

 

(21

)%

14,083,000

 

Percent of products revenue

 

30

%

 

 

32

%

 

 

31

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other products revenue

 

4,491,000

 

(22

)%

5,760,000

 

(34

)%

8,783,000

 

Percent of products revenue

 

15

%

 

 

16

%

 

 

20

%

 

The decreases in revenue for OpenServer, UnixWare and other products are all primarily the result of continued competition, particularly from Linux operating system providers.

 

SCOsource Licensing Revenue

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCOsource licensing revenue

 

$

166,000

 

(80

)%

$

829,000

 

(97

)%

$

25,846,000

 

Percent of total revenue

 

0

%

 

 

2

%

 

 

33

%

 

We initiated our SCOsource business for the purpose of protecting our intellectual property rights in our UNIX source code and derivative works.  SCOsource licensing revenue was $166,000 for the year ended October 31, 2005 and $829,000 for the year ended October 31, 2004, down significantly from revenue of $25,846,000 generated in the year ended October 31, 2003.  The SCOsource revenue for the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004 was primarily attributable to sales of SCOsource IP agreements and the SCOsource licensing revenue in the year ended October 31, 2003 was primarily attributable to fees associated with two significant vendor licenses.  We believe and allege that our decrease in SCOsource revenue for the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004 was in part attributable to Novell’s claim of UNIX copyright ownership, which may have caused potential customers to delay or forego licensing until an outcome in this legal matter has been reached.

 

We are unable to predict the amount and timing of future SCOsource licensing revenue, and, when generated, we expect that such revenue will be sporadic.

 

Services Revenue

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Services revenue

 

$

5,648,000

 

(15

)%

$

6,628,000

 

(21

)%

$

8,380,000

 

Percent of total revenue

 

16

%

 

 

15

%

 

 

11

%

 

Services revenue consists primarily of annual and incident technical support fees, engineering services fees, professional services and consulting fees.  These fees are typically charged and invoiced separately from UNIX products sales.  The decrease in services revenue of $980,000, or 15%, from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and the decrease of $1,752,000, or 21%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 was primarily attributable to a decrease in products revenue and decreased professional services revenue.

 

20



 

The majority of our support and professional services revenue continues to be derived from services for UNIX-based operating system products.  Our future level of services revenue depends in part on our ability to generate UNIX products revenue from new customers as well as to renew annual support and services agreements with existing UNIX customers.

 

Cost of Products Revenue

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of products revenue

 

$

2,544,000

 

(21

)%

$

3,221,000

 

(21

)%

$

4,068,000

 

Percentage of products revenue

 

8

%

 

 

9

%

 

 

9

%

 

Cost of products revenue consists of manufacturing costs, royalties to third-party vendors, technology costs and overhead costs.  Cost of products revenue decreased by $677,000, or 21%, from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and decreased $847,000, or 21%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004.  This decrease in cost of products revenue was primarily attributable to lower products revenue, as margins did not vary significantly.

 

For the year ending October 31, 2006, we expect the dollar amount of our cost of products revenue to be less than the year ended October 31, 2005 and, as a percentage of products revenue, to be consistent with the percentage achieved during the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Cost of SCOsource Licensing Revenue 

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of SCOsource licensing revenue

 

$

12,847,000

 

(35

)%

$

19,743,000

 

108

%

$

9,500,000

 

 

Cost of SCOsource licensing revenue includes legal and professional fees incurred in connection with our SCO Litigation, the salaries and related personnel costs of SCOsource employees, and an allocation of corporate costs.

 

Cost of SCOsource licensing revenue decreased by $6,896,000, or 35%, from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and was primarily attributable to decreased legal costs incurred in connection with the SCO Litigation as a result of our engagement agreement with the law firms representing us in the SCO Litigation.  Cost of SCOsource licensing revenue increased by $10,243,000, or 108%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 and was primarily attributable to increased legal costs incurred in connection with our SCO Litigation.

 

We anticipate that the dollar amount of our cost of SCOsource licensing revenue for the year ending October 31, 2006 will be lower than for the year ended October 31, 2005 as we make our final $2,000,000 payment that is due to the law firms representing us in the SCO Litigation and continue to make payments for expert, consulting and other fees.  However, future legal fees may include contingency payments made to such law firms as a result of a settlement, judgment, or a sale of our company, which could cause cost of SCOsource licensing revenue for the year ending October 31, 2006 to be higher than the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Cost of Services Revenue

 

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of services revenue

 

$

2,922,000

 

(29

)%

$

4,134,000

 

(35

)%

$

6,354,000

 

Percentage of services revenue

 

52

%

 

 

62

%

 

 

76

%

 

21



 

Cost of services revenue includes the salaries and related personnel costs of employees delivering services revenue as well as third-party service agreements.  Cost of services revenue decreased by $1,212,000, or 29%, from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and decreased by $2,220,000, or 35%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 and was primarily attributable to reduced employee and employee-related costs.

 

For the year ending October 31, 2006, we expect the dollar amount of our cost of services revenue to be less than that incurred for the year ended October 31, 2005 and that cost of services revenue as a percentage of services revenue will be consistent with that generated for the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales and marketing expense

 

$

11,820,000

 

(31

)%

$

17,038,000

 

(30

)%

$

24,392,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

33

%

 

 

40

%

 

 

31

%

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist of the salaries, commissions and other personnel costs of employees involved in the revenue generation process, as well as advertising and corporate allocations.  The decrease in sales and marketing expense of $5,218,000, or 31%, from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005, and the decrease of $7,354,000, or 30%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 was primarily attributable to reductions in sales and marketing employees, reduced travel expenses, less commissions and lower advertising costs.  The decrease in sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 was the result of costs decreasing at a greater pace than our revenue decline and the increase from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 was a result of lower revenue for the year ended October 31, 2004.  Our sales and marketing full-time equivalent employees decreased from 114 as of October 31, 2003, to 62 as of October 31, 2004 to 55 as of October 31, 2005.

 

For the year ending October 31, 2006, we anticipate that the dollar amount of sales and marketing expense will decrease from the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Research and Development

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development expense

 

$

8,329,000

 

(22

)%

$

10,612,000

 

(4

)%

$

11,012,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

23

%

 

 

25

%

 

 

14

%

 

Research and development expense consists of the salaries and benefits of software engineers, consulting expenses and corporate allocations.  Research and development expense decreased by $2,283,000, or 22%,  from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and decreased by $400,000, or 4%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004.  During the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004, our engineering efforts were focused on the release of UnixWare 7.1.4 and on the release of OpenServer 6; both significant releases of our two primary operating system products.  These development efforts required us to maintain our research and development infrastructure, which limited our ability to cut costs in this area as significantly as we have done in other areas.  Research and development expense as a percentage of revenue declined in the year ended October 31, 2005 as compared to the year ended October 31, 2004 as a result of costs decreasing at a greater pace than our revenue declined.  Research and development expense as a percentage of revenue increased in the year ended October 31, 2004 as compared to the year ended October 31, 2003 as a result of lower revenue in fiscal year 2004.  Our research and development full-time equivalent employees decreased from 75 as of October 31, 2003, to 64 as of October 31, 2004 to 49 as of October 31, 2005.

 

 

22



 

For the year ending October 31, 2006, we anticipate that the dollar amount of research and development expense will decrease from the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

General and Administrative

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

General and administrative expense

 

$

7,047,000

 

(8

)%

$

7,626,000

 

22

%

$

6,230,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

20

%

 

 

18

%

 

 

8

%

 

General and administrative expense consists of the salaries and benefits of finance, human resources, and executive management and expenses for professional services such as legal and accounting services and corporate allocations.  General and administrative expense decreased by $579,000, or 8%, from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005.  This decrease was primarily attributable to lower personnel and related costs offset by increased legal and accounting costs related to the restatement of our quarterly financial statements and the preparation of our recently completed rescission offer.  General and administrative expense increased by $1,396,000, or 22%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004.  The increase in general and administrative expense was primarily attributable to increased legal costs as a result of corporate and regulatory legal matters not classified as cost of SCOsource licensing revenue and increased fees from other professional service providers.  General and administrative expense as a percent of total revenue increased during the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004 as a result of increased costs and lower revenue.  Our general and administrative full-time equivalent employees decreased from 55 as of October 31, 2003, to 36 as of October 31, 2004, to 28 as of October 31, 2005.

 

For the year ending October 31, 2006, we anticipate that the dollar amount of general and administrative expense will decrease from the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Severance and Exit Costs  

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Severance and exit costs

 

$

 

n/a

 

$

3,168,000

 

536

%

$

498,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

0

%

 

 

7

%

 

 

1

%

 

During the year ended October 31, 2005, we did not record any charges for severance and exit costs.  During the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, we recorded severance and exit costs totaling $3,168,000 and $498,000, respectively.  The severance and exit costs for the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 were comprised of termination payments made to employees in connection with reductions in headcount, closure of certain facilities and adjustments to previously recorded amounts as actual payments made were less than recorded accruals.

 

23



 

The detail of the activity in the accrual for severance and exit costs for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, are as follows:  

 

 

Balance at
November 1, 2004

 

Additions

 

Adjustments

 

Utilization

 

Balance at
October 31, 2005

 

Year Ended October 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ongoing severance and other

 

$

401,000

 

$

 

$

 

$

(401,000

)

$

 

 

 

 

Balance at
November 1, 2003

 

Additions

 

Adjustments

 

Utilization

 

Balance at
October 31, 2004

 

Year Ended October 31, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One-time severance

 

$

 

$

309,000

 

$

 

$

(309,000

)

$

 

Ongoing severance and other

 

 

2,071,000

 

 

(1,670,000

)

401,000

 

Facilities

 

348,000

 

788,000

 

 

(1,136,000

)

 

Total

 

$

348,000

 

$

3,168,000

 

$

 

$

(3,115,000

)

$

401,000

 

 

 

 

Balance at
November 1, 2002

 

Additions

 

Adjustments

 

Utilization

 

Balance at
October 31, 2003

 

Year Ended October 31, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One-time severance

 

$

 

$

198,000

 

$

 

$

(198,000

)

$

 

Ongoing severance and other

 

560,000

 

1,388,000

 

(273,000

)*

(1,675,000

)

 

Facilities

 

2,117,000

 

 

(815,000

)*

(954,000

)

348,000

 

Total

 

$

2,677,000

 

$

1,586,000

 

$

(1,088,000

)

$

(2,827,000

)

$

348,000

 

 


* The facilities adjustment of $815,000 was the result of successfully negotiating out of lease commitments in connection with our winding down of SCO Group, Ltd. in the United Kingdom and the ongoing severance and other adjustment of $273,000 was related to the true-up of previously recorded accruals.

 

Amortization of Intangibles  

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of intangibles

 

$

2,372,000

 

(8

)%

$

2,566,000

 

(20

)%

$

3,190,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

7

%

 

 

6

%

 

 

4

%

 

During the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, we recorded $2,372,000, $2,566,000 and $3,190,000, respectively, for the amortization of intangible assets with finite lives.  The decrease of $194,000, or 8%, from the year ended October 31, 2005 compared to the year ended October 31, 2004 was primarily attributable to reduced amortization expense recorded on certain assets acquired from Vultus in June 2003 that were written off during the year ended October 31, 2004.  The decrease of $624,000, or 20%, from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 was primarily attributable to reduced amortization expense recorded on certain assets acquired from Vultus that were written off during the year ended October 31, 2004 and therefore were not amortized for the last half of the year ending October 31, 2004.

 

Loss on Disposition and Impairment of Long-lived Assets  

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss on disposition and write-down of long-lived assets

 

$

 

(100

)%

$

2,355,000

 

1,336

%

$

164,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

0

%

 

 

6

%

 

 

0

%

 

24



 

During the year ended October 31, 2005, we did not have any losses on the disposition and impairment of long-lived assets.  During the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, we recorded a write down of long-lived assets of $2,355,000 and $164,000, respectively.  The loss on disposition and write-down of long-lived assets recorded during the year ended October 31, 2004 primarily related to goodwill and intangible assets acquired in connection with our acquisition of Vultus in June 2003.  We concluded that an impairment triggering event occurred during the year ended October 31, 2004 as we had a reduction in force that impacted our ability to move the Vultus initiative forward on a stand-alone basis and because an anticipated partnership that would have solidified the Vultus revenue and cash flow opportunities did not materialize.  Consequently, we concluded that no significant future cash flows related to our Vultus assets will be realized.  The loss on disposition and write-down of long-lived assets recorded during the year ended October 31, 2003 was primarily attributable to assets written off in connection with restructurings that occurred during that year.

 

Write-offs of Investments  

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Write-offs of investments

 

$

 

n/a

 

$

 

n/a

 

$

250,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

0

%

 

 

0

%

 

 

0

%

 

Management routinely assesses our investments for impairments and adjusts the carrying amounts to estimated realizable values when impairment has occurred.  During the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004, we did not have any write-offs of investments.  During the year ended October 31, 2003, in connection with the restructuring of our investment in and relationship with Vista.com, Inc. (“Vista”), we recorded a write-off of our Vista investment and incurred a charge of $250,000.  We had been accounting for our investment in Vista under the equity method of accounting.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation

 

$

22,000

 

(98

)%

$

919,000

 

(24

)%

$

1,204,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

0

%

 

 

2

%

 

 

2

%

 

Stock-based compensation consisted of the following components for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

$

22,000

 

$

325,000

 

$

866,000

 

Options, warrants and shares for services

 

 

502,000

 

296,000

 

Modifications to options

 

 

92,000

 

42,000

 

Total

 

$

22,000

 

$

919,000

 

$

1,204,000

 

 

As of October 31, 2005, there was a $0 balance in deferred compensation.  In accordance with SFAS No. 123R, for the year ending October 31, 2006, all stock-based compensation expense will be reclassified and presented in the various applicable captions in the statement of operations, as opposed to the current single line item presentation.

 

25



 

Compensation to Law Firms   

 

 

2005

 

Change

 

2004

 

Change

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compensation to law firms

 

$

 

n/a

 

$

 

n/a

 

$

8,956,000

 

Percentage of total revenue

 

0

%

 

 

0

%

 

 

11

%

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, we incurred contingency fees of $8,956,000, or 11% of revenue, related to our arrangement with the law firms representing us in the SCO Litigation in connection with the issuance of shares of our now retired Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.  All payments to such law firms for other legal fees incurred in connection with the SCO Litigation have been classified as cost of SCOsource licensing revenue.

 

Equity in Income (Losses) of Affiliate

 

We account for our ownership interests in companies in which we own at least 20 percent and less than 50 percent using the equity method of accounting.  Under the equity method, we record our portion of the entities’ net income or net loss in our consolidated statements of operations.  As of October 31, 2005, the carrying value of our investments of $606,000 was related to our 30 percent ownership in a Chinese company.

 

During the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, we recorded $47,000, $111,000 and ($62,000), respectively, that related to net income (losses) in these entities.  The income reported during the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004 was attributable to our portion of the net income generated by the above-mentioned Chinese company.  The loss reported during the year ended October 31, 2003 was primarily attributable to losses generated from Vista.

 

Other Income, net

 

Other income (expense) consisted of the following components for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:  

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

$

377,000

 

$

905,000

 

$

188,000

 

Interest expense

 

 

 

(3,000

)

Change in fair value of derivative

 

 

5,924,000

 

2,845,000

 

Other income (expense), net

 

1,022,000

 

(322,000

)

(203,000

)

Total other income, net

 

$

1,399,000

 

$

6,507,000

 

$

2,827,000

 

 

Interest income decreased by $528,000 from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and increased by $717,000 from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004.  The changes in interest income are the result of changes in our cash and available-for-sale securities balances.

 

The income recorded on the change in fair value of derivative for the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 related to the decrease in fair value of this instrument and marking it to market at each balance sheet date.  The derivative financial instrument was eliminated during the three months ended April 30, 2004.

 

The increase in other income, net, from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 was primarily attributable to two items: 1) the collection of a note receivable from Vintela, Inc. (“Vintela”) as described in more detail in Note 12 to our financial statements, which note receivable was originally received in April 2003, but because we received the note receivable in exchange

 

26



 

for the transfer of certain software to a related party and there was substantial doubt concerning the ability of Vintela to repay the note, no gain was recognized until the three months ended January 31, 2005 when we received payment; and 2) the sale of shares we held in Troll Tech AS (“Troll Tech”) as described in more detail in Note 5 to our financial statements.  The Troll Tech shares had been written off in the year ended October 31, 2001, but because they were sold during the three months ended April 30, 2005, we recorded income for the proceeds received.

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

The provision for income taxes for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $273,000, $1,395,000 and $774,000, respectively.  The decrease in the provision for income taxes of $1,122,000 from the year ended October 31, 2004 to the year ended October 31, 2005 and the increase of $621,000 from the year ended October 31, 2003 to the year ended October 31, 2004 was primarily attributable to an accrual for withholding taxes of approximately $710,000 made in the year ended October 31, 2004 in connection with our operations in India.  Other than the accrual previously mentioned, our provision for income taxes is primarily related to earnings in foreign subsidiaries as well as from withholding taxes on revenue generated in certain foreign locations.

 

As of October 31, 2005, we had net operating loss carry-forwards for U.S. federal and state income tax reporting purposes of approximately $144,980,000 that expire at various dates between 2019 and 2025.  We had net deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carry-forwards and other temporary differences between book and tax deductions, totaling approximately $69,292,000 as of October 31, 2005.  We also had net deferred tax liabilities of approximately $53,000 related to taxes on foreign earnings.  A valuation allowance in the amount of $69,239,000, the difference between our deferred tax assets and liabilities, has been recorded as of October 31, 2005 as a result of uncertainties regarding the ultimate realizability of the net deferred tax assets.

 

Contributions From (Dividends On) Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock

 

In October 2003, we issued 50,000 shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock for $1,000 per share.   In connection with completing the February 5, 2004 exchange of shares of Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock for outstanding Series A shares, we removed the carrying value of the Series A shares and related derivative and recorded the fair value of the Series A-1 shares issued in the exchange transaction.  The difference between these two amounts was $6,305,000 and was recorded as a non-cash dividend during the year ended October 31, 2004.

 

With the completion of the repurchase transaction with BayStar Capital II, L.P. (“BayStar”) during the year ended October 31, 2004, as a result of which no Series A-1 shares remain outstanding, we will not be required to continue to accrue or pay any dividends on the Series A-1 shares.  As a result of completing the repurchase transaction with BayStar, we recorded a capital contribution classified as a preferred stock dividend in the amount of $15,475,000, which represented the difference in the carrying value of the Series A-1 shares and accrued dividends less the fair value of the 2,105,263 shares of common stock and the $13,000,000 in cash.  No dividends were paid on the Series A or Series A-1 shares.

 

The following table details the components of the dividends for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accrual of dividends on preferred stock

 

$

 

$

(2,047,000

)

$

(123,000

)

Exchange of Series A shares for Series A-1 shares

 

 

(6,305,000

)

 

Repurchase of Series A-1 shares from BayStar

 

 

15,475,000

 

 

Total

 

$

 

$

7,123,000

 

$

(123,000

)

 

27



 

Quarterly Results of Operations

 

The following table sets forth certain unaudited quarterly statement of operations data for the last 8 quarters. This information has been derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements, which, in management’s opinion, have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the information for the quarters presented. This information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in this prospectus. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for any future period.

 

 

 

Quarter Ended

 

 

 

January 31,
2005

 

April 30,
2005

 

July 31,
2005

 

October 31,
2005

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

8,865

 

$

9,258

 

$

9,353

 

$

8,528

 

Gross margin

 

$

3,979

 

$

5,060

 

$

4,873

 

$

3,779

 

Loss from operations

 

$

(3,409

)

$

(2,656

)

$

(2,242

)

$

(3,592

)

Net loss applicable to common stockholders

 

$

(2,961

)

$

(1,962

)

$

(2,372

)

$

(3,431

)

Net loss per common share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

(0.17

)

$

(0.11

)

$

(0.13

)

$

(0.19

)

Diluted

 

$

(0.17

)

$

(0.11

)

$

(0.13

)

$

(0.19

)

Weighted average basic common shares

 

17,751

 

17,913

 

17,993

 

18,038

 

Weighted average diluted common shares

 

17,751

 

17,913

 

17,993

 

18,038

 

 

 

 

Quarter Ended

 

 

 

January 31,
2004

 

April 30,
2004

 

July 31,
2004

 

October 31,
2004

 

 

 

(unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

11,392

 

$

10,137

 

$

11,205

 

$

10,075

 

Gross margin

 

$

5,742

 

$

3,679

 

$

2,190

 

$

4,100

 

Loss from operations

 

$

(5,402

)

$

(9,174

)

$

(7,387

)

$

(6,610

)

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders

 

$

(2,486

)

$

(14,726

)

$

7,501

 

$

(6,516

)

Net income (loss) per common share

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

(0.18

)

$

(1.04

)

$

0.49

 

$

(0.37

)

Diluted

 

$

(0.18

)

$

(1.04

)

$

0.38

 

$

(0.37

)

Weighted average basic common shares

 

13,824

 

14,100

 

15,242

 

17,436

 

Weighted average diluted common shares

 

13,824

 

14,100

 

19,912

 

17,436

 

 

28



 

Fluctuations in Quarterly Results

 

Factors that may affect quarterly results include:

 

                  the interest level of solution providers in recommending UNIX business solutions to end users as well as the changing business attitudes toward UNIX as a viable operating system alternative to other competing systems, especially Linux;

 

                  the contingency fees we may pay to the law firms representing us in the SCO Litigation;

 

                  the level, magnitude and timing of SCOsource license revenue;

 

                  the amount of legal fees and related expenses incurred in connection with the SCO Litigation;

 

                  the introduction, development, timing, competitive pricing and market acceptance of our products and services and those of our competitors; and

 

                  changes in general economic conditions that could affect capital expenditures in the UNIX market.

 

As a result of the factors listed above and elsewhere in “Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors,” it is possible that in some future periods our results of operations may fall below management’s expectations as well as the expectations of public market analysts and investors. If revenue falls below management’s expectations in any quarter and we are unable to reduce expenses, our operating results will be lower than expected.

 

29



 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Our cash and cash equivalents balance decreased from $12,693,000 as of October 31, 2004 to $4,272,000 as of October 31, 2005.  During this same time period, our investment in available-for-sale securities decreased from $18,756,000 to $6,165,000.  Total cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities were $10,437,000 as of October 31, 2005.  As of October 31, 2005, we also have $5,690,000 classified as restricted cash, of which $2,875,000 is set aside to cover expert and other costs related to our SCO Litigation and $2,815,000 is set aside for royalties payable to Novell.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, we expended a significant amount of cash in pursuit of our SCO Litigation.

 

We intend to use the cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities as of October 31, 2005 to pursue our SCO Litigation and to run our UNIX business.  On November 29, 2005, we completed the sale of approximately 2,852,000 shares of our common stock in a private placement and raised gross proceeds of $10,005,000.  We believe that with the combination of our existing cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities as of October 31, 2005 together with the proceeds from our recent financing that we will have sufficient cash resources to fund our current operations for at least the next 12 months.

 

Our net cash used in operating activities during the year ended October 31, 2005 was $21,507,000 and was attributable to a net loss of $10,726,000,  changes in operating assets and liabilities of $13,868,000, and offset, in part, by non-cash items of $3,087,000.  Our working capital decreased from $15,413,000 as of October 31, 2004 to $8,669,000 as of October 31, 2005.

 

Our net cash used in operating activities during the year ended October 31, 2004 was $22,604,000 and was attributable to a net loss of $23,350,000, changes in operating assets and liabilities of $176,000, and offset, in part, by non-cash items of $922,000.  Our working capital decreased from $37,168,000 as of October 31, 2003 to $15,413,000 as of October 31, 2004.

 

Our net cash provided by operating activities during the year ended October 31, 2003 was $12,087,000.  Cash provided by operations was attributable to net income of $5,427,000, non-cash items of $11,610,000 and offset, in part, by changes in operating assets and liabilities of $4,950,000.  Our long-term liabilities decreased from $1,625,000 to $508,000 during the year ended October 31, 2003.

 

Our investing activities have historically consisted of equipment purchases, investing in strategic partners and the purchase and sale of available-for-sale securities.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, cash provided by investing activities was $12,255,000, which was primarily a result of sales, net of purchases, of available-for-sale securities of $12,591,000 and the purchase of property and equipment of $336,000.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2004, cash used in investing activities was $15,443,000, which was primarily a result of purchases, net of sales, of available-for-sale securities of $14,728,000, purchases of equipment of $506,000 and the purchase of the remaining minority interest in our Japanese subsidiary of $209,000.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, cash used in investing activities was $5,512,000, which was primarily a result of our purchase of available-for-sale securities of $4,095,000, equipment purchases of $467,000 and our investment in non-marketable securities of $950,000.

 

Our financing activities provided $959,000 during the year ended October 31, 2005 and was comprised of proceeds of $720,000 received from the sale of common stock through our employee stock purchase plan and from proceeds of $239,000 from the exercise of options to acquire shares of our common stock.

 

30



 

Our financing activities used $13,864,000 of cash during the year ended October 31, 2004.  The primary uses of cash were $13,000,000 for the repurchase and retirement of shares of our Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock, $2,414,000 for the purchase of shares of our common stock on the open market, and $211,000 paid in connection with the issuance of Series A-1 shares in exchange for outstanding Series A shares.  These uses of cash were offset, in part, by proceeds generated from the exercise of options to acquire common stock of $951,000 and proceeds of $810,000 received from the sale of common stock through the ESPP.

 

Our financing activities provided $50,888,000 of cash during the year ended October 31, 2003 and consisted primarily of net proceeds of $47,740,000 generated from our issuance of 50,000 now retired Series A shares.  Additional financing activities included proceeds received from the exercise of stock options of $2,056,000, proceeds from the purchase of shares of common stock by our employees through our ESPP of $236,000 and proceeds from the issuance of warrants of $856,000.

 

Our net accounts receivable balance decreased from $6,638,000 as of October 31, 2004 to $6,343,000 as of October 31, 2005, primarily as a result of lower invoicing and revenue generated during the three months ended October 31, 2005 as compared to the three months ended October 31, 2004.  The majority of our accounts receivable are current and our allowance for doubtful accounts was $144,000 as of October 31, 2005, which represented approximately 2 percent of our gross accounts receivable balance.  This percentage of gross accounts receivable is consistent with our experience in prior periods, and we expect this trend to continue.  Our write-offs of uncollectible accounts during the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 were not significant.

 

On October 31, 2004, we entered into a revised engagement agreement with the law firms representing us in the SCO Litigation.  The engagement agreement supercedes and replaces the original engagement agreement that was entered into in February 2003.  The engagement agreement governs the relationship between us and the law firms in connection with their representation of us in the SCO Litigation, through the end of our current litigation with IBM.  This litigation is described in more detail elsewhere in this prospectus.  Our purpose in entering into this engagement agreement was to limit the cash expenditures needed to pursue the SCO Litigation.  The engagement agreement provides for the payment of approximately $26,000,000 for all attorneys’ fees in connection with the SCO Litigation through the end of our current litigation with IBM and the escrow of at least $5,000,000 for the payment of any expert, consulting and other expenses.  As of December 1, 2005, we had paid the entire $26,000,000.  As of October 31, 2005, $2,875,000 remained in the escrow account and was classified as a component of restricted cash.  In the event that we exhaust this remaining balance, we will continue to pay for expert, consulting and other expenses through the conclusion of our litigation with IBM.

 

In addition to the cash expenditures mentioned above, we must also pay one or more contingency fees upon any amount we or our stockholders may receive as a result of a settlement, judgment, or a sale of our company.  The contingency fee amounts payable to the law firms will be, subject to certain credits and adjustments, as follows:

 

                  33 percent of any aggregate recovery amounts received up to $350,000,000;

 

                  plus 25 percent of any aggregate recovery amounts above $350,000,000 but less than or equal to $700,000,000;

 

                  plus 20 percent of any aggregate recovery amounts in excess of $700,000,000.

 

The revised engagement agreement specifically provides that, except for the compensation obligations specifically described above, we will not be obligated to pay any legal fees, whether hourly, contingent or otherwise, to the law firms representing us in the SCO Litigation, or any third parties that may be engaged by such law firms, in connection with the SCO Litigation through the end of the current litigation between us and IBM, including any appeals.

 

31



 

We have entered into operating leases for our corporate offices located in the United States and our international sales offices.  We have commitments under these leases that extend through the year ending October 31, 2008.

 

The following table summarizes our contractual operating lease obligations and our required payments to the law firms representing us in the SCO litigation as of October 31, 2005:

 

 

Total

 

Less than
1 year

 

1 – 3 years

 

3 -5 years

 

More than
5 years

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating lease obligations

 

$

3,774,000

 

$

1,797,000

 

$

1,977,000

 

$

 

$

 

Payments to law firms

 

2,000,000

 

2,000,000

 

 

 

 

Total obligations

 

$

5,774,000

 

$

3,797,000

 

$

1,977,000

 

$

 

$

 

 

As of October 31, 2005, we did not have any long-term debt obligations, purchase obligations, other long-term liabilities or material capital lease obligations.

 

Our ability to reduce costs to offset revenue declines in our UNIX business is limited because of contractual commitments to maintain and support our existing UNIX customers.  This decline in our UNIX business may be accelerated if industry partners withdraw their support as a result of the SCO Litigation.  In addition, the SCO Litigation may cause industry partners, developers and hardware and software vendors to choose not to support or certify to our UNIX operating system products.  This would lead to an accelerated decline in our UNIX products and services revenue.  If our UNIX products and services revenue is less than expected, our liquidity will be adversely impacted.

 

In the event that cash required to fund operations and strategic initiatives exceeds our current cash resources and cash generated from operations, we will be required to reduce costs and perhaps raise additional capital.  We may not be able to reduce costs in a manner that does not impair our ability to maintain our UNIX business and pursue the SCO Litigation.  We may also not be able to raise capital for any number of reasons including those listed under the section ”Risk Factors.”  If additional equity financing is available, it may not be available to us on attractive terms and may be dilutive to our existing stockholders.  In addition, if our stock price declines, we may not be able to access the public equity markets on acceptable terms, if at all.  Our ability to effect acquisitions for stock would also be impaired.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment, an amendment of FASB Statements Nos. 123 and 95,” which requires the measurement of all employee share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, using a fair value-based method and the recording of such expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.  The accounting provisions of SFAS No. 123R are effective for our first fiscal year beginning after July 1, 2005, which required us to adopt SFAS No. 123R for the three months ended January 31, 2006.  We believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 123R will have a material impact on our future results of operations.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

Foreign Currency Risk.  We have foreign offices and operations in Europe and Asia.  As a result, a portion of our revenue is derived from sales to customers outside the United States.  Our international revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars, Euros and United Kingdom Pounds.  Most of the operating expenses related to our foreign-based operations are denominated in foreign currencies and therefore operating results are affected by changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rate in relation to foreign currencies such as the Euro, among others.  If the U.S. dollar further weakens compared to the Euro, our operating expenses for foreign operations will be higher when translated back into U.S. dollars.  Our revenue can

 

32



 

also be affected by general economic conditions in the United States, Europe and other international markets.  Our results of operations may be affected in the short term by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

 

Interest Rate Risk.  The primary objective of our cash management strategy is to invest available funds in a manner that assures maximum safety and liquidity and maximizes yield within such constraints.  We believe that a hypothetical movement in interest rates, either up or down, would not have a material adverse impact on our cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities.  We do not borrow money for short-term investment purposes.

 

Investment Risk.  We have invested in equity instruments of privately held and public companies in the technology industry for business and strategic purposes.  Investments are accounted for under the cost method if our ownership is less than 20 percent and we are not able to exercise influence over operations.  Our investment policy is to regularly review the assumptions and operating performance of these companies and to record impairment losses when events and circumstances indicate that these investments may be impaired.  As of October 31, 2005, our investments balance totaled approximately $606,000 and consisted of our investment in a 30% owned Chinese company.

 

The stock market in general, and the market for shares of technology companies in particular, has experienced price fluctuations.  In addition, factors such as new product introductions by our competitors or developments in the SCO Litigation may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock.  Furthermore, quarter-to-quarter fluctuations in our results of operations may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock.  These conditions could cause the price of our common stock to fluctuate substantially over short periods of time.

 

33



 

 

BUSINESS

 

Historical Information

 

We originally incorporated as Caldera Systems, Inc., a Utah corporation, in August 1998, and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in March 2000, when we completed an initial public offering of our common stock. In May 2001, we formed a new holding company in Delaware under the name of Caldera International, Inc. to acquire substantially all of the assets and operations of the server and professional services groups of The Santa Cruz Operation, now known as Tarantella, Inc. In connection with this acquisition, Caldera Systems became a wholly owned subsidiary of Caldera International. Former holders of shares and options to purchase shares of Caldera Systems received an equal number of shares and options to purchase shares in Caldera International. On May 16, 2003, our stockholders approved our corporate name change from Caldera International to The SCO Group, Inc.

 

UNIX Business

 

Background

 

Our core business focus is to serve the needs of small-to-medium sized businesses and branch offices and franchisees of Fortune 1000 companies, by providing reliable, cost-effective UNIX software technology for distributed, embedded and network-based systems.  We also provide a full range of pre- and post-sale technical support for all of our products, primarily focusing on OpenServer and UnixWare.  Additionally, we provide UNIX-based technical support services and consulting services.

 

Our largest source of revenue for our core UNIX business is derived from our worldwide, indirect, leveraged channel of partners, which includes distributors and independent solution providers (collectively, “resellers”).  We have resources, employees or contractors in a number of countries that provide support and services to resellers and end-user customers in those geographic areas.  The other principal channel for selling and marketing our products is through large corporations, which have a large number of branch offices or franchisees.  We access these corporations through their information technology or purchasing departments.  In addition, we also sell our UNIX products to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”).

 

The UNIX operating system, which we own, was conceived on the premise that an operating system should be easily adapted to a broad range of hardware platforms and should provide a simple way of developing programs.  Over the years, the UNIX operating system has been adapted for almost every OEM’s hardware architecture, and today UNIX has achieved the goal of seamlessly sharing data across heterogeneous environments.  We own a broad and deep set of intellectual property rights relating to the UNIX operating system, which we intend to continue to enforce and protect through our SCOsource business.

 

UNIX has had a long history of business implementation, and has a large and loyal base of both customers and vendors that provides solutions and applications.  On the Intel platform, our OpenServer and UnixWare products represent a low-cost UNIX operating system available for businesses.  Our UNIX product offerings allow our customers to take advantage of the reliability of UNIX at a relatively low cost.

 

Current Status and Strategy
 

Sales of our UNIX-based products and services have been declining over the last several years.  This decline in revenue has been primarily attributable to significant competition from alternative operating systems, particularly Linux.

 

We anticipate that our OpenServer and UnixWare products will continue to provide a future revenue stream for our UNIX business.  Unless there is a change in the current operating system environment, we expect revenue from these products will continue to decline.  Both of these UNIX products have a strong and loyal existing customer base of small-to-medium businesses and enterprise customers and constitute a well-known brand with a reputation for quality and reliability.

 

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We also have a seasoned, mature sales channel of resellers focused on the small-to-medium sized business market.  This channel is a unique asset that should allow us to continue to provide reliable UNIX operating systems for small-to-medium sized business customers.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2005, we released OpenServer 6, a major upgrade to our existing OpenServer product line and maintained our UnixWare product.  During the year ending October 31, 2006, we plan to focus certain UNIX development resources on augmenting our current UNIX products and our application products.  In addition, we have deployed engineering resources on Me Inc., a growing suite of mobility services for personal and professional productivity.  Me Inc. digital services will enable easy, secure, real-time mobile access to all kinds of information stored in enterprise and web-based systems without the need for direct connection between end-point devices and those systems.  We anticipate releasing various Me Inc. digital services and a development toolkit during the first half of calendar year 2006.

 

Our research and development efforts are described in more detail below in the subsection entitled “Software Engineering and Development.”

 

 Competition
 

We face direct competition in the operating system market from Linux operating system providers, other non-UNIX operating system providers and other UNIX-based operating system providers.  In the operating system market, some of our competitors include IBM, Red Hat Inc. (“Red Hat”), Novell, Hewlett-Packard (“HP”), Microsoft Corporation (“Microsoft”), and Sun.  Operating systems, primarily Linux, are aggressively taking market share away from UNIX and our UNIX revenue has declined over the last several years.

 

We believe that we compete favorably with many of our competitors in a number of respects, including product performance, functionality and price and networking capability.  Notwithstanding these factors, our revenue has declined over the last several years.  Many of our competitors are significantly larger than we are and have much greater access to funding, technical expertise, marketing, and research and development.  In addition, many of our competitors have established brand recognition and market presence that may prevent us from obtaining or retaining significant market share.  Additionally, the assertion of our legal rights relating to our UNIX ownership and related copyrights and our other legal actions has resulted in us becoming the focus of a significant amount of negative publicity from various sources that has, to some degree, hampered our ability to compete favorably.

 

The success of our UNIX business will, in large measure, depend on the level of commitment and certification we receive from industry partners and developers.  In recent years, we have seen hardware and software vendors as well as software developers turn their certification and application development efforts toward Linux and elect not to continue to support or certify to our UNIX operating system products.  This trend continued for the year ended October 31, 2005, and we believe that it will continue during the year ending October 31, 2006.  If this trend does continue as expected, our competitive position will be adversely impacted and our future revenue from our UNIX business will decline, possibly at an even faster rate than it has declined over the last several years.  The decline in our UNIX business may be accelerated if industry partners withdraw their support from us as a result of our SCO Litigation.

 

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Products and Services
 

OpenServer.  OpenServer is our UNIX-based offering targeted at small-to-medium businesses.  Businesses use OpenServer to simplify and speed business operations, better understand and respond to their customers’ needs and achieve a competitive advantage.  OpenServer excels at running multi-user, transaction and business applications, communications gateways, and mail and messaging servers in both host and client/server environments.  We continue to aggressively support existing users of OpenServer, keeping the operating system current with hardware platforms available in the market.  The latest release, OpenServer 6, began shipping in June 2005.

 

UnixWare.  UnixWare is our UNIX-based offering targeted at medium-size businesses and enterprise customers.  UnixWare is an advanced deployment platform for industry standard Intel processor systems.  UnixWare is a foundation for solutions where proven scalability, reliability and affordability are critical.  UnixWare includes enhancements and refinements to the UNIX platform, representing significant added value for existing UnixWare customers.  The latest release of UnixWare, UnixWare 7.1.4, began shipping in May 2004.

 

Other Products.  In addition to the OpenServer and UnixWare, we offer product maintenance and additional UNIX-related products.

 

Technical Support Services.  We provide a full range of pre- and post-sale technical support for all of our products, primarily focusing on OpenServer and UnixWare.

 

We also provide technical support to our partners, including resellers, hardware and software vendors and solution providers, as well as directly supporting our end-user customers.  Our partners have the option to direct their customers to us for technical support or to provide first-level customer support themselves and utilize our technical expertise for second-tier support.

 

Technical support services include a range of options from single incident email and telephone support to dedicated “enterprise” level support agreements.  Customers seeking additional technical support directly from us may enter into service agreements that best suit their needs.

 

Other Services.  Our other services include software development and programming, migration tools and services and assisting customers with modernizing and integrating legacy applications with web services.  We assist our end-user customers and solution providers in planning, creating, implementing and deploying business application solutions.

 

Strategic Alliances
 

We have business alliances with a number of key global industry partners.  These relationships encompass product integration, two-way technology transfers, product certification, channel partnerships and revenue generating initiatives in areas of product bundling, OEM agreements and training and education.  The objectives of these partnerships include providing complete hardware and software UNIX solutions and mutually developing our sales and distribution channel by coordinating marketing initiatives in creating demand for our products.  We also have alliances with a number of solution providers who write and develop custom applications to run on UNIX operating systems.  Most of our small business customers that cannot afford high-end solutions or an information technology staff rely on one of our channel partners for these services.  Maintaining these strategic alliances for the year ending October 31, 2006 will be critical to the success of our UNIX business, and in particular, to the success of our recently released version of OpenServer.  We intend to continue to keep relationships with key partners in certain vertical markets such as retail, medical/pharmaceutical, manufacturing and accounting where our UNIX operating systems have an existing presence.  Our efforts to maintain or expand industry partnerships may be adversely impacted by our SCO Litigation.

 

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Sales and Marketing
 

Our UNIX sales and marketing or field operations are organized by geographic area:  our Americas division and our International division.  Each division includes a sales organization, field marketing, pre- and post-sales technical support, and local professional services personnel.

 

Americas.  The Americas team has field sales and support personnel located around the United States, Latin America and Canada.  This region delivered approximately 52% of the total UNIX revenue for the year ended October 31, 2005.  The sales team is organized into Area Sales Managers (“ASMs”), who each manage a specific geographic area and support our resellers and channel partners as well as service our corporate account customer base, including OEM partners.  ASMs have the following specific roles:

 

                  Channel Sales – ASMs manage our relationships with our resellers and vertical solution providers.  Resellers sell numerous solutions to small business customers in their geographic territory.  Vertical solution providers provide bundled applications to specific vertical markets, which include retail point of sale, manufacturing, accounting and medical/pharmaceutical.  Many of our resellers and vertical solution providers purchase operating system platform products directly from us.  In order to efficiently support the thousands of smaller resellers and vertical solution providers, we contract with several major distributors in a two-tier distribution model.

 

                  Corporate Sales – ASMs also sell directly to our major corporate accounts with branch offices or franchisees and other large corporations.  Typically, these customers have an existing suite of third-party or internally developed applications designed to run on our dependable and scalable OpenServer or UnixWare operating systems.  In many cases, our operating system and the applications are then deployed in an identical fashion across thousands of branch offices or franchisees.

 

International.  The International region delivered approximately 48% of our UNIX revenue for the year ended October 31, 2005 and includes EMEA (Europe, the Middle East and Africa) and Asia Pacific.  We have resources, employees or contractors in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, China, Korea, India, Japan, Australia and Taiwan.

 

The country sales teams perform the same functions as the Americas sales team, including channel sales, corporate account sales and OEM sales.  In the International division, particularly in smaller countries, one sales representative will manage both channel and major account sales within that country.  The International division also uses local distributors in each location to process all channel orders.

 

We consider our indirect sales channel one of our most valuable assets.  In addition to the current revenue this channel produces, our reseller partners are valuable for the influence they possess on the purchasing decisions of small businesses.  Our resellers are often not only the primary point of contact for their small businesses customers’ purchasing decisions, but their customers’ outsourced information technology department.  The reach of our network of resellers into the small business community is broad as evidenced by our large install base of servers running various versions of our OpenServer and UnixWare operating systems.  A key to our future success will be our ability to provide additional products and services to our reseller channel and to communicate our product and corporate strategy to these resellers.

 

Our marketing efforts support our sales and distribution efforts, promotions and product introductions, and include marketing activities to promote our UNIX products.  Pull marketing is focused on branding, solutions, advertising, tradeshows, press releases, white papers and marketing literature.  In particular, our marketing strategy consists of:

 

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                  branding our UNIX products through public relations and advertising activities;

 

                  creating an effective partner program to generate brand awareness and promote our UNIX products; and

 

                  increasing public awareness of our UNIX products by participating in strategic tradeshows, conferences and technology forums.

 

Information regarding financial data by segments, geographic regions and long-lived assets is set forth in Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements.

 

Software Engineering and Development

 

We have taken steps to improve our UNIX software products to maintain system reliability, maintain backward compatibility, increase application support, provide broad hardware support, better integrate widely used internet applications, improve usability, and increase system performance.  While we believe that these product enhancements will extend the lives and improve the functionality of our UNIX products, they will not result in significant revenue increases in the short-term due to the long adoption cycle for new operating system purchases and the length of our operating system product sales cycle.

 

Technology trends in the central processing unit (“CPU”) market have enabled our 32-bit operating systems and associated applications to run on 64-bit hardware.  These developments have significantly reduced the entry cost into the 64-bit market.  We have assigned a limited, but skilled set of resources to develop a 64-bit version of our operating system technology.  Our objective in making this investment is to provide our current and new customers a long-term product roadmap that will provide them a seamless upgrade path to 64-bit computing.  We expect this investment to provide future returns as we give customers confidence in their commitment to our technologies.

 

We are also deploying engineering resources on Me Inc., a growing suite of mobility services for personal and professional productivity, as well as custom services for business, government and consumer users.  Me Inc. digital services will enable easy, secure, real-time mobile access to all kinds of information stored in enterprise and web-based systems without the need for direct connection between end-point devices and those systems.

 

Our product development process is modeled to standard, commercial software engineering practices and we apply these practices to ensure consistent product quality.  As a result, we are able to offer our platform products to OEM customers in several configurations without significant additional effort.  We have incurred $8,329,000, $10,612,000, and $11,012,000 in research and development expense during the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively.

 

SCOsource Business

 

Background
 

We acquired our rights relating to the UNIX source code and derivative works and other intellectual property rights when we purchased substantially all of the assets and operations of the server and professional services groups of The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. in May 2001.  The Santa Cruz Operation had previously acquired such UNIX source code and other intellectual property rights from Novell in 1995, which technology was initially developed by AT&T Bell Labs.  Through this process, we acquired all UNIX source code, source code license agreements with thousands of UNIX vendors, certain UNIX intellectual property, all claims for violation of the above mentioned UNIX licenses and copyrights and other claims, and the control over UNIX derivative works.  The UNIX licenses we obtained have led to the development of several proprietary UNIX-based operating systems, including but not limited to our own UnixWare and OpenServer products, IBM’s AIX, Sequent’s DYNIX/Ptx, Sun’s Solaris, SGI’s

 

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IRIX and Hewlett-Packard’s HPUX.  These operating systems are all derivatives of the original UNIX source code owned by us.

 

The success of our SCOsource business depends on our ability to protect and enforce our rights to proprietary UNIX source code, copyrights and other intellectual property rights.  To protect our proprietary rights, we rely primarily on a combination of copyright laws, contractual rights and an aggressive legal strategy.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, we commenced our first SCOsource initiative in which we began reviewing the status of our existing UNIX license agreements with UNIX vendors and to identify those in the software industry that may be using our intellectual property without obtaining the necessary licenses.  As part of this process, we became aware that parts of our proprietary UNIX source code and derivative works had been included in the Linux operating system without attribution or our authorization in violation of our intellectual property rights.  We filed a complaint against IBM in March 2003 alleging that IBM breached its license agreement with us related to its efforts to promote and support the Linux operating system.  In addition to our action against IBM, we have filed other complaints against Novell, AutoZone, and DaimlerChrysler.  In our litigation with Novell, we seek relief for, among other things, Novell’s alleged bad faith efforts to interfere with our ownership and enforcement of our copyrights related to our UNIX source code.  A related lawsuit was filed against us by Red Hat.  We describe our legal actions in more detail elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

In August 2003, we offered to Linux and other end users a license to use our UNIX intellectual property.  The SCOsource intellectual property (“IP”) license permits the use of our UNIX intellectual property, in binary form only, as contained in the Linux operating system.  By purchasing the license, customers will properly compensate us for our UNIX intellectual property as currently found in Linux.  The SCOsource IP license was created in response to requests to provide a licensing program for those in the industry using our UNIX intellectual property to allow them to continue to run their mission-critical business solutions running in other environments.

 

Intellectual Property Protection

 

Our intellectual property protection relies primarily on a combination of contract rights, copyright laws and an aggressive legal strategy.  We also require that our employees and consultants sign confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements.  We also regulate access to, and distribution of, our documentation and other proprietary information.

 

We cannot guarantee the success of our SCO Litigation and other efforts to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights, but we will continue to seek to enforce and pursue these rights through the judicial system.  Additionally, we cannot be certain that we will succeed in preventing the future misappropriation of our proprietary information including copyrights and other intellectual property rights or that we will be able to prevent the unauthorized future use of our technology.

 

Employees

 

As of October 31, 2005, we had a total of 166 full-time equivalent employees.  Of the total employees, 49 were in product development, 55 in sales and marketing, 21 in customer service and technical support, 10 in customer delivery and manufacturing, 3 in SCOsource and 28 in administration (which includes finance, human resources, executive management and information systems).  From time to time, we also engage independent contractors to support our professional services, product development, sales and marketing organizations.  Our employees are not represented by any labor union and are not subject to a collective bargaining agreement, and we have never experienced a work stoppage.  In general, we believe our relations with our employees are good.

 

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Legal Proceedings

 

IBM Corporation

 

On or about March 6, 2003, we filed a civil complaint against IBM in the United States District Court for the District of Utah, under the title The SCO Group, Inc. v. International Business Machines Corporation, Civil No. 2:03CV0294.  In this action we claim, among other things, that IBM breached its UNIX source code licenses (both the IBM and Sequent Computer Systems, Inc. (“Sequent”) licenses) by disclosing restricted information concerning the UNIX source code and derivative works and related information in connection with its efforts to promote the Linux operating system.  Our complaint includes, among other things, claims for breach of contract, unfair competition, tortious interference and copyright infringement.  As a result of IBM’s actions, we are requesting damages in an amount to be proven at trial and seeking injunctive relief.

 

On or about March 6, 2003, we notified IBM that they were not in compliance with our UNIX source code license agreement and on or about June 13, 2003, we delivered to IBM a notice of termination of their UNIX source code license agreement, which underlies IBM’s AIX software.  On or about August 11, 2003 we sent a similar notice terminating the Sequent source code license.  IBM disputes our right to terminate those licenses.  In the event our termination of those licenses is valid we believe IBM is exposed to substantial damages and injunctive relief based on its continued use and distribution of the AIX operating system.  On June 9, 2003, Novell sent us a notice purporting to waive our claims against IBM regarding its license breaches.  We do not believe that Novell had the right to take any such action relative to our UNIX source code rights.

 

On February 27, 2004, we filed a second amended complaint which alleges nine causes of action that are similar to those set forth above, adds a new claim for copyright infringement and removes the claim for misappropriation of trade secrets.  IBM filed an answer and fourteen counterclaims.  Among other things, IBM has asserted that we do not have the right to terminate IBM’s UNIX license and IBM has claimed that we have breached the GNU General Public License and have infringed certain patents held by IBM.  IBM’s counterclaims include claims for breach of contract, violation of the Lanham Act, unfair competition, intentional interference with prospective economic relations, unfair and deceptive trade practices, promissory estoppel, patent infringement and a declaratory judgment claim for non-infringement of copyrights.  On October 6, 2005, IBM voluntarily dismissed with prejudice its claims for patent infringement.

 

On February 9, 2005, the Court denied three motions for partial summary judgment that IBM had filed on our contract claims, on IBM’s eighth counterclaim for copyright infringement, and on IBM’s tenth counterclaim for a declaration of non-infringement of our copyrights.  The Court denied each of those motions without prejudice to IBM’s renewing or refiling the motions after discovery is complete.  The Court also denied our motion to stay or dismiss IBM’s tenth counterclaim. The Court ordered that no further dispositive motions could be filed until the close of discovery.

 

On July 1, 2005, the Court issued a revised Scheduling Order establishing, among other things, discovery and motion deadlines over the next 18 months with a five-week jury trial to commence on February 26, 2007.

 

Pursuant to the Court’s July 1, 2005 Scheduling Order, we filed our Interim Disclosure of Material Misused by IBM on October 28, 2005.  Our report includes a matrix that identifies 217 separate technology disclosures that we contend IBM improperly made to enhance Linux in violation of one or more contractual prohibitions governing IBM’s use of our proprietary material.  We continued to review relevant materials including evidence IBM has produced in discovery and filed an updated report on December 22, 2005 detailing IBM’s misuse of our proprietary material.  Our December 22 report includes 294 total disclosures which we claim violate our contractual rights and copyrights.  These reports and the disclosures identified are the result of analysis from experienced outside technical consultants.  On February 13, 2006, IBM filed a motion with the Court seeking to limit the Company’s claims.  IBM argues that of the 294 items identified by the Company in the December 22, 2005 filing, 201 did not meet the level of specificity required by the Court.  IBM requested that the Company be limited to 93 items set forth in the December 22, 2005 filing which IBM claims meet the required level of specificity.  The Company disagrees with IBM’s motion and analysis and will be filing an opposition brief with the Court in the near future.  Discovery is ongoing in the case as the parties prepare for trial.

 

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Novell, Inc.

 

On January 20, 2004, we filed suit in Utah state court against Novell, Inc. for slander of title seeking relief for its alleged bad faith effort to interfere with our ownership of copyrights related to our UNIX source code and derivative works and our UnixWare product.  After removal to federal court, the case is now pending in the United States District Court for the District of Utah under the caption The SCO Group, Inc. v. Novell, Inc., Civil No. 2:04CV00139.  In the lawsuit, we requested preliminary and permanent injunctive relief as well as damages.  Through these claims, we seek to require Novell to assign to us all copyrights that we believe Novell has wrongfully registered, prevent Novell from representing any ownership interest in those copyrights and require Novell to retract or withdraw all representations it has made regarding its purported ownership of those copyrights and UNIX itself.

 

Novell has filed two motions to dismiss claiming, among other things, that Novell’s false statements were not uttered with malice and are privileged under the law.  The Court denied both of Novell’s motions to dismiss.  On July 29, 2005, Novell filed its Answer and Counterclaims against us, asserting counterclaims for our alleged breaches of the Asset Purchase Agreement between Novell and our predecessor-in-interest, The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., for slander of title, restitution/unjust enrichment, an accounting related to Novell’s retained binary royalty stream, and for declaratory relief regarding Novell’s alleged rights under the Asset Purchase Agreement.  On December 6, 2005, a scheduling order was entered by the Court setting a schedule of discovery and motions leading up to a trial in June 2007.  On or about December 30, 2005, we filed a motion for leave to amend our complaint to assert additional claims against Novell including copyright infringement, unfair competition and a breach of Novell’s limited license to use our UNIX code.  Novell has consented to our filing of these additional claims.  Discovery is commencing in the case.

 

DaimlerChrysler Corporation

 

On or about March 3, 2004, we brought suit against DaimlerChrysler Corporation for its alleged violations of its UNIX license agreement with us. The lawsuit alleges that DaimlerChrysler breached its UNIX software agreement by failing to provide an adequate or timely certification of its compliance with that agreement as we requested. The lawsuit, filed in Oakland County Circuit Court in the State of Michigan, requests the court to declare that DaimlerChrysler has violated the certification requirements of its UNIX software agreement, permanently enjoin DaimlerChrysler from further violations of the UNIX software agreement, issue a mandatory injunction requiring DaimlerChrysler to remedy the effects of its past violations of the UNIX software agreement and award us damages in an amount to be determined at trial together with costs, attorneys’ fees and any such other or different relief that the court may deem to be equitable and just.

 

In response to DaimlerChrysler’s motion to dismiss, the court granted DaimlerChrysler’s motion as to the substance of DaimlerChrysler’s certification, but denied the motion as to whether the certification was timely.  Based on this ruling, we filed a motion to stay the case pending the clarification of certain issues in the IBM litigation. The Court denied the motion to stay and based on a stipulation of the parties, the Court signed an order of dismissal without prejudice.  The Appellate Court has dismissed our appeal of the July 21, 2004 ruling finding that the order was not a final, appealable order.

 

AutoZone, Inc.

 

On or about March 2, 2004, we brought suit against AutoZone, Inc. for its alleged violations of our UNIX copyrights through its use of Linux. The lawsuit alleges copyright infringement by AutoZone by, among other things, running versions of the Linux operating system that contain proprietary material from UNIX System V. The lawsuit, filed in United States District Court in Nevada, requests injunctive relief against AutoZone’s further use or copying of any part of our copyrighted materials and also requests damages as a result of AutoZone’s infringement in an amount to be proven at trial. In response to AutoZone’s motion to transfer the case to Tennessee or stay the case, the federal court in Nevada granted AutoZone’s motion to stay the case, with 90-day status reports to the court, and denied without

 

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prejudice AutoZone’s motion to transfer the case to Tennessee. The federal court allowed the parties to take limited expedited discovery relating to the issue of preliminary injunctive relief which discovery was concluded in May 2005.

 

We have concluded the initial discovery allowed by the court and filed our report with the court on May 27, 2005.  Contrary to AutoZone’s own statements to the court, we found through discovery, including depositions and other admissions of AutoZone, many instances of copying of programs containing our OpenServer code.  AutoZone has represented that it has now removed all of our code and proprietary information it copied or used in its migration to Red Hat Linux.  Because AutoZone represents it has removed or otherwise is not using our code and proprietary information, we currently do not intend to move for a preliminary injunction. AutoZone does not admit that it violated our rights or caused us damage in that migration process, which are still points of dispute between the parties.  Given the stay issued by the Court in the case, we reserve the right to pursue infringement and damages in the future based on these issues and other issues stayed by the Court.

 

IPO Class Action Matter

 

We are an issuer defendant in a series of class action lawsuits involving over 300 issuers that have been consolidated under In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, 21 MC 92 (SAS). The consolidated complaint alleges, among other things, certain improprieties regarding the underwriters’ conduct during our initial public offering and the failure to disclose such conduct in the registration statement in violation of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

The plaintiffs, the issuers and the insurance companies have negotiated an agreement to settle the dispute between the plaintiffs and the issuers.  All parties, including the plaintiffs, issuers and insurance companies, have executed this settlement agreement and the settlement agreement has been submitted to the court for approval.  If the settlement agreement is approved by the court, and if no cross-claims, counterclaims or third-party claims are later asserted, this action will be dismissed with respect to us and our directors.

 

We have notified our underwriters and insurance companies of the existence of the claims. Management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of this matter will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position and will not exceed the $200,000 self-insured retention already paid or accrued by us.

 

Red Hat, Inc.

 

On August 4, 2003, Red Hat, Inc. filed a complaint against us. The action is pending in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware under the case caption Red Hat, Inc. v. The SCO Group, Inc., Civil No. 03-772. Red Hat asserts that the Linux operating system does not infringe on our UNIX intellectual property rights and seeks a declaratory judgment for non-infringement of copyrights and no misappropriation of trade secrets. In addition, Red Hat claims that we have engaged in false advertising in violation of the Lanham Act, deceptive trade practices, unfair competition, tortious interference with prospective business opportunities, trade libel and disparagement. On April 6, 2004, the court denied our motion to dismiss this case; however, the court stayed the case and requested status reports every 90 days regarding the case against IBM. Red Hat filed a motion for reconsideration, which the Court denied on March 31, 2005. We intend to vigorously defend this action. In the event the stay is lifted and Red Hat is allowed to pursue its claims, we will likely assert counterclaims against Red Hat.

 

Indian Distributor Matter

 

In April 2003, a former Indian distributor of our company filed a claim in India, requesting summary judgment for payment of $1,428,000, and an order that we trade in India only through the distributor and/or give a security deposit until the claim is paid.  The distributor claims that we are

 

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responsible to repurchase certain software products and to reimburse the distributor for certain other operating costs.  Management does not believe that we are responsible to reimburse the distributor for any operating costs and also believes that the return rights related to any remaining inventory have lapsed.  The distributor additionally requested that the Indian courts grant interim relief in the form of attachment of local assets.  These requests for interim relief have failed in the court, and discovery has commenced and hearings on the main claims have been held and are ongoing.  We intend to vigorously defend this action.

 

Pursuit and defense of the above-mentioned matters will continue to be costly, and management expects the costs for legal fees and related expenses will be substantial.

 

The ultimate outcome or potential negative effect on our results of operations or financial position of each of the Red Hat, Inc., IPO Class Action, and the Indian Distributor matters is neither probable nor estimable.

 

We are a party to certain other legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity or financial position.

MANAGEMENT

Directors

Our Board of Directors currently consists of eight directors.  Directors are elected at each annual meeting of stockholders to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders or until their successors are duly elected and qualified. There are no family relationships among any of our directors, officers or key employees. The names of our directors, their ages and their respective business backgrounds are set forth below.

 

Name

 

Position(s) With the Company

 

Age

 

Director Since

 

Ralph J. Yarro III

 

Chairman of the Board of Directors and Director

 

41

 

1998

 

Edward E. Iacobucci

 

Director

 

52

 

2000

 

R. Duff Thompson

 

Director

 

55

 

2001

 

Darcy G. Mott

 

Director

 

53

 

2002

 

Darl C. McBride

 

Chief Executive Officer, Director

 

46

 

2002

 

Daniel W. Campbell

 

Director

 

51

 

2003

 

Omar T. Leeman

 

Director

 

54

 

2005

 

J. Kent Millington

 

Director

 

61

 

2005

 

 

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Ralph J. Yarro III has served as the Chairman of our Board of Directors since August 1998.  Mr. Yarro has served as an independent investor and business consultant since December 2004.  Mr. Yarro previously served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of The Canopy Group, Inc., a management and resource company ("Canopy"), from August 1998 to December 2004.  Mr. Yarro also served as a director of Canopy from August 1998 to March 2005.  Mr. Yarro holds a B.A. degree in Political Science from Brigham Young University.

Edward E. Iacobucci has served as a member of the Board of Directors since January 2000.  In 2000, Mr. Iacobucci founded Wingedfoot Services LLC and in January 2002, Mr. Iacobucci co-founded DayJet Corporation where he has served as the Chief Executive Officer.  In 1989, Mr. Iacobucci co-founded Citrix Systems, Inc., a supplier of products and technologies that enable enterprise-wide deployment of software applications, and held the positions of Chief Technical Officer and Vice President of Strategy and Technology.  Mr. Iacobucci also served as Chairman of the Board of Citrix from September 1991 to June 2000.  Mr. Iacobucci holds a B.S. degree in Systems Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

R. Duff Thompson has served as a member of the Board of Directors since May 2001.  Mr. Thompson has served as a Managing General Partner of EsNet, Ltd., an investment group that is active in both technology and real estate ventures, from 1996 to the present.  From June 1994 to January 1996, Mr. Thompson served as Senior Vice President of the Corporate Development Group of Novell, Inc.  Prior to that time, he served as Executive Vice President and General Counsel for WordPerfect Corporation, and before joining WordPerfect Corporation in 1986, he was a partner with the Salt Lake City law firm of Callister, Nebeker & McCullough.  Mr. Thompson holds a B.S. degree in Economics, a masters degree in Business Administration and a J.D. degree, all from Brigham Young University.

Darcy G. Mott has served as a member of the Board of Directors since March 2002.  Mr. Mott has served as an independent investor and business consultant since December 2004.  Mr. Mott previously served as Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of Canopy from May 1999 to December 2004.  Mr. Mott is a certified public accountant and holds a B.S. degree in Accounting from Brigham Young University.

Darl C. McBride has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer and as a member of the Board of Directors since June 2002.  Before joining our company, Mr. McBride was the president of Franklin Covey Co.'s online planning business from May 2000 to May 2002.  From April 1999 to May 2000, Mr. McBride was the CEO of Pointserve.  From November 1997 to August 1998, Mr. McBride was the Chairman, President and CEO of SBI. From February 1996 to October 1997, Mr. McBride served as the Senior Vice President of IKON Office Solutions. From 1988 to 1996, Mr. McBride held several positions at Novell, Inc. and concluded his service as Vice President and General Manager of Novell's Embedded Systems Division (NEST).  Mr. McBride holds a B.S. degree from Brigham Young University and received a masters degree in Labor & Industrial Relations from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Daniel W. Campbell has served as a member of our Board of Directors since November 2003. Mr. Campbell has served as a Managing General Partner of EsNet, Ltd., an investment group that is active in both technology and real estate ventures, from July 1994 to the present.  From 1992 to July 1994, Mr. Campbell worked at WordPerfect Corporation as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer.  Prior to that, Mr. Campbell was a partner with Price Waterhouse, an international accounting firm.  Mr. Campbell also serves as the lead director of Nu Skin Enterprises, Inc., where he is the Chairman of the Audit Committee.  Mr. Campbell received an Accounting degree from Brigham Young University in 1979.

Omar T. Leeman is the Senior Vice President of Sales and Customer Support for TrueContext Corporation.  Prior to that, Mr. Leeman was the President and Founder of Pinebrook Management Group, L.L.C., which provided management, sales, marketing, and strategy consulting services.  From January 2001 to April 2002, Mr. Leeman was President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board of Talk2 Technology, Inc.  From February 1983 to January 2001 Mr. Leeman worked at MCI Telecommunications, Inc. where he held several management positions, including President, MCI Business Markets.  He also worked as a Regional Vice President at NEC America Inc., and held management positions at OC Tanner Company and Xerox Corporation.  Mr. Leeman received a B.S. degree in Business Administration from the University of Hawaii.

J. Kent Millington is currently Entrepreneur in Residence at Utah Valley State College (“UVSC”) where he teaches courses in entrepreneurship and new venture finance.  Prior to joining UVSC in August 2004, he lived in Tokyo, Japan where he was Vice President of Asian Operations for Verio, Inc., a subsidiary of NTT Communications.  From October 1996 to December 1997 he was President of Internet Servers Inc., a web hosting start-up that was sold to Verio in December 1997.  Then he served as Vice President of the newly created Web Hosting Division of Verio until his assignment to Tokyo.  Mr. Millington holds a B.A. degree in History from the University of Utah, an MBA from Brigham Young University, and a Doctor of Business Administration from California Coast University.

Director Compensation

 

The compensation and benefits for service as a member of the Board of Directors is determined by the Nominations Committee.  Directors employed by us or one of our subsidiaries are not compensated for service on the Board or on any Committee of the Board.  Our non-employee directors currently receive $25,000 for each year of service as a director plus an additional $5,000 per year for each committee of the Board on which such non-employee directors serve.  Additionally, the chairpersons of each of the Compensation Committee and the Nominations Committee receive an additional $5,000 per year and the chairpersons of each of the Audit Committee and the Litigation Oversight Committee receive an additional $10,000 per year.  In addition, Board members are reimbursed for expenses incurred in connection with attendance at Board and committee meetings.  Non-employee directors also receive stock option awards under our stock option plans, which awards currently include an initial option to purchase 45,000 shares of common stock upon joining the Board as a director and thereafter each non-employee director who continues to serve on the Board automatically receives an annual grant of an option to acquire 15,000 shares upon his or her election at the annual meeting.

 

Executive Officers

 

The following table presents information regarding the current executive officers of the Company:

Name

 

Age

 

Position

Darl C. McBride

 

46

 

Chief Executive Officer, Director

Bert B. Young

 

51

 

Chief Financial Officer

Tim Negris

 

51

 

Executive Vice President, Sales and Marketing

Sandeep Gupta

 

34

 

Chief Technology Officer

Ryan E. Tibbitts

 

49

 

General Counsel and Corporate Secretary

Christopher Sontag

 

42

 

Sr. Vice President Business Development

Jeff F. Hunsaker

 

40

 

Sr. Vice President, Worldwide Sales

 

 

44



 

Set forth below is the business background of each of our executive officers.  Information on the business background of Darl C. McBride is set forth above under “Directors”.

 

Bert B. Young has served as Chief Financial Officer since April 2004.  Mr. Young is responsible for all finance, accounting, and administration of our worldwide operations.  From November 2002 to April 2004, Mr. Young worked as Chief Financial Officer at LANDesk Software Inc. and from September 2000 to November 2002 was the Chief Financial Officer of Talk2 Technology Inc.  From March 2000 to September 2000, Mr. Young was the Chief Financial Officer at marchFIRST Inc.  On April 12, 2001, marchFIRST filed for protection under the federal bankruptcy laws.  Mr. Young holds a B.S. degree in Accounting from Utah State University.

Tim Negris has served as the Executive Vice President of Sales and Marketing since February 2006 and prior to that was the Senior Vice President of Marketing since August 2005.  Mr. Negris is responsible for all aspects of corporate, product and channel marketing activities for the Company.  From April 2002 to August 2005, Mr. Negris was an independent consultant and from August 2001 to April 2002 Mr. Negris was the Vice President of Marketing for Tivre Networks, a networking software company.  Prior to that, Mr. Negris has also been an independent consultant as well as held several senior marketing positions.  Mr. Negris holds a B.S. degree from New York University.

Sandeep Gupta has served as Chief Technology Officer for the Company since August 2005.  In that capacity, Mr. Gupta is responsible for continuing research, development, enhancement and future product vision for all of the Company’s technology and products.  Mr. Gupta joined the Company in 1996 as part of the ISV engineering group and during his tenure with the Company has also supervised and led the efforts of the escalations team, ecommerce and web services as well as UnixWare development.  Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Gupta worked for Fujitsu ICL.  Mr. Gupta holds a B.S. degree in Computer Engineering from the Delhi College of Engineering.

Ryan E. Tibbitts joined the Company in June 2003 as General Counsel and became the Corporate Secretary in September 2003.  Mr. Tibbitts is responsible for all legal aspects of the Company’s worldwide operations.  Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Tibbitts worked as General Counsel at Center 7, Inc. from October 2001 to June 2003 and Lineo, Inc. from January 2001 to September 2001.  Mr. Tibbitts worked in private practice with a law firm in Utah from 1985 until 2001.  Mr. Tibbitts is a member of the Utah State Bar and American Bar Association and received his J.D. and B.S. degrees from Brigham Young University.

Christopher Sontag has served as Senior Vice President, Business Development, since January 2005 and prior to that was the Senior Vice President of our SCOsource Division since September 2002.  From April 2000 to October 2002, Mr. Sontag was the President of Sontag Consulting.  From January 1996 to April 2000, Mr. Sontag was the co-founder, President and Chief Technology Officer of emWare, Inc.  Before his service at emWare, Mr. Sontag developed marketing and engineering strategies for Novell, Inc., where he worked as the Director of Marketing and Product Development.  Mr. Sontag earned a B.S. degree in Information Management from Brigham Young University.

Jeff F. Hunsaker has served as the Senior Vice President of Worldwide Sales since August 2005 and has served as the Senior Vice President, UNIX Division, since January 2004.  From February 2003 to December 2003, Mr. Hunsaker served as Senior Vice President of Worldwide Sales and Marketing for the Company and prior to that Mr. Hunsaker served as Vice President and General Manager, Americas Division, from January 2000 to January 2003.  Upon joining the Company, Mr. Hunsaker was the Sales Director for North America from January 2000 to January 2001.  From January 1998 to December 1999, Mr. Hunsaker was Director of Channel Sales for the Baan Company.  Prior to that, Mr. Hunsaker spent eight years working in a senior sales and marketing capacity for the WordPerfect suite of products for WordPerfect Corporation, Novell, Inc. and Corel Corporation.  Mr. Hunsaker holds a B.S. degree in Business Finance from Utah State University.

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The following table presents compensation information for our last three fiscal years for our Chief Executive Officer and our four most highly compensated executive officers other than our Chief Executive Officer.

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-Term Compensation

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

Awards

 

Securities

 

Payouts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compensation (1)

 

Restricted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year

 

Salary

 

Bonus/
Commission

 

Stock
Awards

 

Underlying
Options

 

LTIP
Payouts

 

All Other
Compensation

 

Darl C. McBride (2)

 

2005

 

$

265,000

 

$

213.823

 

$

 

100,000

 

$

 

$

 

Chief Executive Officer

 

2004

 

257,498

 

35,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

45



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-Term Compensation

 

 

 

 

 

Annual

 

Awards

 

Securities

 

Payouts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compensation (1)

 

Restricted

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year

 

Salary

 

Bonus/
Commission

 

Stock
Awards

 

Underlying
Options

 

LTIP
Payouts

 

All Other
Compensation

 

 

 

2003

 

230,769

 

755,278

 

78,511

 

200,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bert B. Young (3)

 

2005

 

$

170,000

 

$

79,379

 

$

 

150,000

 

 

 

Chief Financial Officer

 

2004

 

84,346

 

30,000

 

 

150,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Christopher Sontag (4)

 

2005

 

$

160,000

 

$

74,464

 

$

 

25,000

 

 

 

Sr. Vice President,

 

2004

 

160,000

 

20,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Business Development

 

2003

 

153,000

 

281,746

 

64,340

 

100,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jeff F. Hunsaker (5)

 

2005

 

$

160,000

 

$

73,480

 

$

 

25,000

 

 

 

Sr. Vice President,

 

2004

 

160,000

 

133,981

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

UNIX Division

 

2003

 

142,889

 

95,932

 

 

100,000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ryan E. Tibbitts (6)

 

2005

 

$

145,000

 

$

68,078

 

$

 

150,000

 

 

 

General Counsel and

 

2004

 

130,384

 

50,000

 

 

110,000

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate Secretary

 

2003

 

45,153

 

13,500

 

2,500

 

65,000

 

 

 

 

 

 


(1)                                  The column for “Other Annual Compensation” has been omitted because there is no compensation required to be reported in that column.  The aggregate amount of perquisites and other personal benefits provided to each executive officer listed above is less than the lesser of $50,000 and ten percent of the named executive officer’s total annual salary and bonus.

(2)                                  Of the $213,823 bonus earned by Mr. McBride for the year ended October 31, 2005, $170,196 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005 and the remaining $43,627 was paid during the year ending October 31, 2006.  The bonus of $35,000 earned by Mr. McBride for the year ended October 31, 2004 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005.  Of the $755,278 bonus earned by Mr. McBride for the year ended October 31, 2003, $480,134 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2003 and the remaining $275,144 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2004.

(3)                                  Mr. Young was hired as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer in April 2004.  Of the $79,379 bonus earned by Mr. Young for the year ended October 31, 2005, $62,390 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005 and the remaining $16,989 was paid during the year ending October 31, 2006.  The bonus of $30,000 earned by Mr. Young for the year ended October 31, 2004 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005.

(4)                                  Of the $74,464 bonus earned by Mr. Sontag for the year ended October 31, 2005, $58,720 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005 and the remaining $15,744 was paid during the year ending October 31, 2006.  The bonus of $20,000 earned by Mr. Sontag for the year ended October 31, 2004 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005.  Of the $281,746 bonus earned by Mr. Sontag for the year ended October 31, 2003, $181,590 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2003 and the remaining $100,156 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2004.

(5)                                  Of the $73,480 bonus earned by Mr. Hunsaker for the year ended October 31, 2005, $58,720 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005 and the remaining $14,760 was paid during the year ending October 31, 2006.  Of the $133,981 in commissions earned by Mr. Hunsaker for the year ended October 31, 2004, $82,177 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2004 and the remaining $51,804 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005.  Of the $95,932 in commissions earned by Mr. Hunsaker for the year ended October 31, 2003, $76,820 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2003 and the remaining $19,112 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2004.

(6)                                  Mr. Tibbitts was hired as our General Counsel in June 2003 and became the Corporate Secretary in September 2003.  Of the $68,078 bonus earned by Mr. Tibbitts for the year ended October 31, 2005, $53,215 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005 and the remaining $14,863 was paid during the year ending October 31, 2006.  The bonus of $50,000 earned by Mr. Tibbitts for the year ended October 31, 2004 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2005.  Of the $13,500 bonus earned by Mr. Tibbitts for the year ended October 31, 2003, $7,500 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2003 and the remaining $6,000 was paid during the year ended October 31, 2004.

 

Option Grants in Last Fiscal Year

 

The following table presents the grants of stock options, under our option plans during the year ended October 31, 2005, to each of the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table.

 

All option grants under each of the plans are nonqualified stock options.  Options expire ten years from the date of grant.

 

46



 

The exercise price of each option granted is equal to the fair market value of our common stock as determined by the Board of Directors on the date of grant.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, the Company granted a total of 1,118,000 options to members of the Board of Directors, executive officers and employees.

 

Potential realizable values are computed by:

 

 

Multiplying the number of shares of common stock subject to a given option by the exercise price per share;

 

 

 

 

Assuming that the aggregate option exercise price derived from that calculation compounds at the annual five percent or ten percent rates shown in the table for the entire 10-year term of the option; and

 

 

 

 

Subtracting the aggregate option exercise price from that result.

 

The five percent and ten percent assumed annual rates of stock price appreciation are required by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and do not represent our estimate or projection of future common stock prices.

 

 

 

Number
of
Securities
Underlying
Options

 

Percent of
Total
Options
Granted to
Employees
in Fiscal

 

Exercise
Price Per
Share

 

Expiration

 

Potential Realizable Value at
Assumed Annual Rates of Stock Price
Appreciation for Option Term

 

 

 

Granted(1)

 

Year

 

($/Share)

 

Date

 

0%

 

5%

 

10%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Darl C. McBride

 

100,000

 

8.9

%

$

4.85

 

12/07/2014

 

$

 

$

304,908

 

$

772,637

 

Bert B. Young

 

150,000

 

13.4

%

4.85

 

12/07/2014

 

$

 

$

457,362

 

$

1,158,955

 

Christopher Sontag

 

25,000

 

2.2

%

4.85

 

12/07/2014

 

$

 

$

76,227

 

$

193,159

 

Jeff F. Hunsaker

 

25,000

 

2.2

%

4.85

 

12/07/2014

 

$

 

$

76,227

 

$

193,159

 

Ryan E. Tibbitts

 

150,000

 

13.4

%

4.85

 

12/07/2014

 

$

 

$

457,362

 

$

1,158,955

 

 


(1)                                  Options granted become exercisable with respect to 25 percent of the shares covered thereby on the first anniversary of the date of grant and vest 1/36th per month thereafter, unless otherwise provided for in the award agreement.  Option vesting will accelerate upon a change in control of our company and upon the declaration by the Board of Directors of the payment of a certain dividend to our common stockholders.  Options are granted for a term of ten years, subject to earlier termination in certain events, and are not transferable.  The Compensation Committee retains discretion, subject to certain restrictions, to modify the terms of outstanding options.

 

On January 23, 2006, each of the above named executive officers received an option grant to acquire common shares at an exercise price of $3.78 per share.  Mr. McBride received a grant of 80,000 shares; Mr. Young received a grant of 70,000 shares; Mr. Sontag received a grant of 50,000 shares; Mr. Hunsaker received a grant of 40,000 shares; and Mr. Tibbitts received a grant of 50,000 shares.

 

Aggregated Option Exercises for the Year Ended October 31, 2005 and Year-end Option Values

 

 

Shares
Acquired on

 

Value

 

Number of Shares Underlying
Unexercised Options at
October 31, 2005

 

Value of Unexercised In-the-
Money Options at
October 31, 2005

 

 

 

Exercise

 

Realized

 

Exercisable

 

Unexercisable

 

Exercisable

 

Unexercisable

 

Darl C. McBride

 

 

$

 

512,499

 

387,501

 

$

1,363,165

 

$

766,835

 

Bert B. Young

 

 

$

 

56,250

 

243,750

 

$

 

$

 

Christopher Sontag

 

 

$

 

147,083

 

87,917

 

$

327,124

 

$

132,376

 

Jeff F. Hunsaker

 

 

$

 

132,942

 

25,808

 

$

254,637

 

$

2,125

 

Ryan E. Tibbitts

 

 

$

 

71,145

 

253,855

 

$

 

$

 

 

47



 

Employment Agreements

 

We have not entered into any employment agreements with our executive officers or any other employees.

 

Change in Control Agreements

 

On December 10, 2004, we entered into Change in Control Agreements with the following officers:  Darl C. McBride; Bert B. Young; Christopher Sontag; Jeff F. Hunsaker; and Ryan E. Tibbitts (each, an “Officer”).  Each agreement is effective as of December 10, 2004.  On January 23, 2006, we entered into similar agreements with Tim Negris and Sandeep Gupta.

 

Pursuant to the terms of these agreements, each Officer agrees that he or she will not voluntarily leave the employ of our company in the event any individual, corporation, partnership, company or other entity takes certain steps to effect a change in control of our company, until the attempt to effect a change in control has terminated, or until a change in control occurs.

 

If the Officer is still employed by us when a change in control occurs, any stock, stock option or restricted stock granted to the Officer by us that would have become vested upon continued employment by the Officer shall immediately vest in full and become exercisable notwithstanding any provision to the contrary of such grant and shall remain exercisable until it expires or terminates in accordance with its terms.

 

Each Officer shall be solely responsible for any taxes that arise or become due pursuant to the acceleration of vesting that occurs pursuant to the Change in Control Agreement.

 

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

 

The members of the Compensation Committee for the year ended October 31, 2005 were Messrs. Mott, Iacobucci, Leeman and Millington.  None of the members of our Compensation Committee has at any time been an officer or employee of us or any of our subsidiaries or parent.  None of our executive officers currently serves or in the past year has served as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our Board or Compensation Committee.

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth, as of January 31, 2006, the number of shares of common stock held of record or beneficially by each person who held of record, or who had the right to acquire shares of common stock within 60 days, or was known by us to own beneficially, more than five percent of our common stock, and the name and holdings of each director and named executive officer and of all executive officers and directors as a group.

 

48



 

Name of Person or Group

 

Number of Shares
Beneficially Owned

 

Percent of
Class

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Principal Stockholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ralph J. Yarro III

355 South 520 West

Suite 100

Lindon, Utah 84042

 

5,636,855

(1)

26.8

%

Krevlin Advisors, LLC

598 Madison Avenue

12th Floor

New York, NY 10022

 

2,148,682

 

10.2

%

Jet Capital

667 Madison Avenue, 9th Floor

New York, NY 10021

 

1,181,379

 

5.6

%

Chesapeake Partners Management

1829 Reisertown Road, Suite 420

Baltimore, MD 21208

 

1,410,229

 

6.7

%

Scoggin Capital Management

660 Madison Avenue

New York, NY 10021

 

1,403,500

 

6.7

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

Named Executive Officers
And Directors:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ralph J. Yarro III

 

5,636,855

(1)

26.8

%

Edward E. Iacobucci

 

129,423

(2)

 

*

Darcy G. Mott

 

152,319

(3)

 

*

R. Duff Thompson

 

79,423

(4)

 

*

Omar T. Leeman

 

(5)

 

*

Daniel W. Campbell

 

82,500

(6)

 

*

J. Kent Millington

 

(7)

 

*

Darl C. McBride

 

633,161

(8)

3.0

%

Bert B. Young

 

118,750

(9)

 

*

Christopher Sontag

 

182,509

(10)

 

*

Jeff F. Hunsaker

 

159,871

(11)

 

*

Ryan E. Tibbitts

 

139,957

(12)

 

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

All Officers and Directors
as a Group (12 Persons)

 

7,314,768

(13)

34.8

%

 


*

 

Does not exceed one percent.

(1)

 

Consists of options to purchase 105,000 shares of common stock, 10,000 shares of common stock acquired through an open-market purchase, 175 shares of common stock, 28,846 shares of common stock received for service on the Board, and 5,492,834 shares of common stock previously held by The Canopy Group, Inc. (“Canopy”). On March 11, 2005, Canopy transferred all of its shares of our common stock to Mr. Yarro.

(2)

 

Consists of options to purchase 92,500 shares of common stock, 10,000 shares of common stock acquired through an open-market purchase and 26,923 shares of common stock received for service on the Board.

(3)

 

Consists of 337 shares of common stock, options to purchase 67,500 shares of common stock, 51,020 shares of common stock acquired through a private placement of our common stock, and 33,462 shares of common stock received for service on the Board.

(4)

 

Consists of options to purchase 67,500 shares of common stock and 11,923 shares of common stock received for service on the Board.

(5)

 

Does not include options to purchase 45,000 shares of our common stock granted to Mr. Leeman in June 2005.

(6)

 

Consists of options to purchase 82,500 shares of common stock.

 

49



 

(7)

 

Does not include options to purchase 45,000 shares of our common stock granted to Mr. Millington in June 2005.

(8)

 

Consists of 7,003 shares of restricted common stock, 8,000 shares of common stock acquired in an open-market purchase, 11,808 shares of common stock acquired through our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 100 shares of common stock, and options to purchase 606,250 shares of common stock.

(9)

 

Consists of options to purchase 118,750 shares of common stock.

(10)

 

Consists of 5,739 shares of restricted common stock and options to purchase 176,770 shares of common stock.

(11)

 

Consists of 15,000 shares of restricted common stock, 3,309 shares of common stock acquired through our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, and options to purchase 141,562 shares of common stock.

(12)

 

Consists of 223 shares of restricted common stock, 2,485 shares of common stock acquired through our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 1,000 shares of common stock acquired in open market purchases prior to joining the Company, and options to purchase 136,249 shares of common stock.

(13)

 

See notes (1) through (12) as applicable.

 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

Other than the transactions described below, since the beginning of the year ended October 31, 2005 there has not been, nor is there currently proposed, any transaction or series of similar transactions to which we were or will be a party:

 

                  in which the amount exceeds $60,000; and

 

                  in which any director, executive officer, holder of more than five percent of our Common Stock or any member of their immediate family had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

 

Effective March 11, 2005, Canopy transferred all of its shares of the Company’s common stock to Ralph Yarro, the Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, and at that time we were no longer a related party to Canopy.

 

On April 30, 2003, the Company and Center 7, Inc. (“C7”) entered into a Marketing and Distribution Master Agreement (the “Marketing Agreement”) and an Assignment Agreement.  On October 2, 2003, C7 assigned the Assignment Agreement to Vintela, Inc. (“Vintela”) and Vintela and the Company entered into a new marketing agreement (the “Vintela Agreement”).  Both C7 and Vintela are majority owned by Canopy.  Under the Vintela Agreement, the Company was appointed as a worldwide distributor for Vintela products to co-brand, market and distribute these products.

 

Under the Assignment Agreement, the Company assigned the copyright applications, patents and contracts related to Volution Manager, Volution Authentication, Volution Online and Volution Manager Update Service (collectively, the “Assigned Software”).  As consideration for this assignment, C7 issued, and Vintela assumed, a $500,000 non-recourse promissory note payable to the Company, secured by the Assigned Software.  This note was originally due on April 30, 2005 with interest payable at a rate of one percent above the prime rate as reported in the Wall Street Journal.

 

In late November 2004, the Company entered into discussions with Vintela with respect to the cancellation of the Marketing Agreement and repayment of the Note.  It was later agreed that once Vintela had received funding from an outside third party, the Company would forego any interest charges on the promissory note in return for an immediate payment of the $500,000.  On December 9, 2004, the Company received the $500,000 payment from Vintela and forgave the outstanding interest charges associated with the promissory note.

 

At the time the promissory note was executed, the Company had no recorded basis in the Assigned Software.  Because the transfer of the Assigned Software was to a related party in exchange for a promissory note and there was substantial doubt concerning the ability of C7 to repay the debt as they

 

 

50



 

were not profitable and being funded by Canopy, no gain was recognized by the Company until payment was received on December 9, 2004.  The Company recorded the $500,000 received as a component of other income in its statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Kevin McBride is a licensed attorney working on the SCO Litigation as part of the engagement agreement and is also the brother of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Darl McBride.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, Kevin McBride’s legal fees were paid by Boies, Schiller & Flexner.  Prior to October 31, 2004, Kevin McBride’s costs for both legal fees and reimbursable expenses were paid by Boies, Schiller & Flexner in connection with the initial engagement agreement.

 

As part of the engagement agreement entered into on October 31, 2004, the Company started paying directly to Kevin McBride reimbursable expenses associated with the SCO Litigation, which primarily included document management, outsourced technical and litigation assistance, and travel expenses.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, the Company incurred costs of approximately $323,000 for the above-mentioned expenses for Kevin McBride.

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

The following table sets forth the names of the selling stockholders, the number of shares of common stock known by us to be beneficially owned by the selling stockholders as of January 31, 2006 (based on the selling stockholders’ representations regarding their ownership) and the number of shares of common stock being registered for sale or distribution.  The term “selling stockholders” includes the stockholders listed below and their transferees, assignees, pledgees, donees or other successors.  We are unable to determine the exact number of shares that will actually be sold or distributed because the selling stockholders may sell or distribute all or some of the shares and because we are not aware of any agreements, arrangements or understandings with respect to the sale or distribution of any of the shares.  The following table assumes that the selling stockholders will sell or distribute all of the shares being offered for their account by this prospectus.  The shares offered by this prospectus may be offered from time to time by the selling stockholders.  The selling stockholders are not making any representation that any shares covered by this prospectus will or will not be offered for sale or distribution.  The selling stockholders reserve the right to accept or reject, in whole or in part, any proposed sale or distribution of shares.  The selling stockholders also may offer and sell, or distribute, less than the number of shares indicated.

 

Name of Selling Stockholder

 

Number of Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned Before the Offering

 

Shares of Common Stock Being Offered in the Offering

 

Number of Shares of Common Stock Beneficially Owned After the Offering(1)

 

Percentage of Outstanding Shares of Common Stock Owned After the Offering

 

Amtrust International Insurance(2)

 

531,836

 

242,857

 

288,979

 

1.4

%

Chesapeake Partners Limited Partnership(3)

 

755,330

 

285,714

 

469,616

 

2.2

%

Chesapeake Partners International Ltd.(3)

 

654,899

 

285,715

 

369,184

 

1.8

%

Eton Park Fund, L.P.(4)

 

308,115

 

200,000

 

108,115

 

0.5

%

Eton Park Master Fund, Ltd.(4)

 

572,214

 

371,429

 

200,785

 

1.0

%

Glenhill Capital LP(5)

 

290,583

 

290,583

 

 

0.0

%

Glenhill Capital Overseas Master Fund LP(5)

 

124,417

 

124,417

 

 

0.0

%

Glenhill Concentrated Long Master Fund LLC(5)

 

285,000

 

285,000

 

 

0.0

%

Guggenheim Portfolio Company VII, LLC(6)

 

188,500

 

56,000

 

132,500

 

0.6

%

Jet Capital Investors, L.P.(7)

 

1,181,379

 

285,714

 

895,665

 

4.3

%

Scoggin Capital Management, LP II(6)

 

607,500

 

187,000

 

420,500

 

2.0

%

Scoggin International Fund, Ltd(6)

 

607,500

 

187,000

 

420,500

 

2.0

%

Darcy G. Mott

 

152,319

 

51,020

 

101,299

 

0.4

%


(1)           Assumes the sale of all shares offered in this prospectus and no other purchases or sales of our common stock by the selling stockholders.

 

(2)           Mr. Jan Loeb, portfolio manager for this selling stockholder, has voting and/or investment control over the shares held by this selling stockholder.

 

(3)           Chesapeake Partners Management Co., Inc. is the General Partner of Chesapeake Partners Limited Partnership and the Investment Manager for Chesapeake Partners International Ltd.  Chesapeake Partners Management Co. Inc. is managed by Chesapeake Partners Management, LLC.  Mark Lerner is a member of Chesapeake Partners Management, LLC.  Mr. Lerner has voting and/or investment control over the shares held by this selling stockholder.

 

(4)           Eton Park Capital Management, L.P. is the investment manager for Eton Park Master Fund, Ltd. and Eton Park Fund, L.P.; Eton Park Capital Management, L.L.C. is the general partner of Eton Park Capital Management, L.P.; and Eric Mindich is the managing member of Eton Park Capital Management, L.L.C.  Mr. Mindich  has voting and/or investment control over the shares held by this selling stockholder.

 

(5)           The shares held by this selling stockholder are owned directly by Glenhill Capital LP, Glenhill Capital Overseas Master Fund LP and Glenhill Concentrated Long Master Fund LLC.  The shares are owned indirectly by GJK Capital Management LLC as General Partner of Glenhill Capital LP and Glenhill Concentrated Long Master Fund LLC, as well as, Glenhill Capital Overseas GP Ltd. as General Partner of Glenhill Capital Overseas Master Fund LP.  The Managing Member of GJK Capital Mangement LLC is Krevlin Advisor LLC and its Managing Member is Glenn Krevlin.  The sole Director of Glenhill Capital Overseas GP Ltd. is Glenn Krevlin.  Mr. Krevlin has voting and/or investment control over the shares held by this selling stockholder.  Mr. Krevlin disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein.

 

(6)           Messrs. Craig Effron and Curtis Schenker have voting and/or investment control over the shares held by this selling stockholder.

 

(7)           Mr. Matthew Mark, general partner of this selling stockholder, has voting and/or investment control over the shares held by this selling stockholder.  Mr. Alan Cooper has voting and/or investment power with regard to 1,168,426 of such shares.

 

51



 

This prospectus also covers any additional shares of common stock which become issuable in connection with the shares being registered by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or other similar transaction effected without the receipt of consideration which results in an increase in the number of our outstanding shares of common stock.

 

We are not a party to any agreement, arrangement, or understanding regarding the sale of any of these shares, other than agreements requiring us to file and seek the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, for the purpose of registering such shares for resale from time to time by the selling stockholders, and to prepare and file any amendments and supplements to the registration statement relating to these shares as may be necessary to keep the registration statement effective until such time as all of the shares covered by this prospectus have been sold or until all of such shares may be sold pursuant to an exemption from registration.  Except as indicated in this prospectus, we are not aware of the selling stockholders having any position, office or other material relationship with us or our affiliates within the past three years other than as a result of the selling stockholders’ beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

The selling stockholders and any of their pledgees, assignees, transferees, donees and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any or all of their shares on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which our common stock is traded or in private transactions.  The selling stockholders will act independently in making decisions with respect to the timing, manner and size of each sale of the shares covered in this prospectus.  The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares:

·         ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers, which may include long sales and short sales effected after the effective date of the registration statement;

·         block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

·         purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account pursuant to this prospectus;

·         “at the market” to or through market makers or into an existing market for the shares;

·         an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

·         in other ways not involving market makers or established trading markets, including direct sales to purchasers, sales effected through agents or other privately negotiated transactions;

·         settlement of short sales;

·         broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of shares at a stipulated price per share;

·         through transactions in options, swaps or other derivative securities (whether exchange-listed or otherwise);

·         a combination of any the foregoing methods of sale; or

·         any other method permitted by applicable law.

In the event that a sale or distribution is to be made pursuant to this registration statement by a pledgee or other transferee, we will provide appropriate information regarding such pledgee or transferee by a prospectus supplement or a post-effective amendment, if necessary, naming such pledgee or transferee as a selling stockholder.

 

Any sale or distribution of common stock by the selling stockholders must be accompanied by, or follow the delivery of, this prospectus, unless the relevant selling stockholder elects to rely on Rule 144 or another exemption from the registration requirements in connection with a particular transaction.  The selling stockholders may sell or distribute shares at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices, at negotiated prices or at fixed prices or for any other consideration.  The selling stockholders also may distribute pursuant to this prospectus all or a portion of the shares to their individual employees or members as compensation or otherwise, as described above.  The expenses, if any, of such distribution will be borne by the selling stockholders.  The selling stockholders may sell directly to broker-dealers as principals, in routine transactions through broker-dealers that will be compensated in the form of discounts, concessions, or

 

52



 

commissions, or in block transactions in which a broker-dealer may act as a principal or an agent.  The broker-dealers will either receive discounts or commissions from the selling stockholders, or they will receive commissions from purchasers of shares.  We have not and do not intend to enter into any arrangement with any securities dealer concerning such discounts, concessions or commissions for the solicitation of offers to purchase the common stock or the sale of such stock.

Under certain circumstances any broker-dealers that participate in the distribution may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  Any commissions received by these broker-dealers and any profits realized on the resale of shares by them may be considered underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  In addition, we have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against liabilities, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, arising out of the information provided by us and contained in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

Under the rules and regulations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, any person engaged in the distribution or the resale of shares may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to our common stock for a period of two business days prior to the commencement of such distribution.  The selling stockholders will also be subject to applicable provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of our shares of common stock by the selling stockholders.

 

The selling stockholders will pay all commissions, transfer taxes, and other fees associated with the sale or distribution of the shares by the selling stockholders.  The shares offered hereby are being registered pursuant to contractual obligations to which we are subject, and we have paid the expenses of the preparation of this prospectus.

 

We estimate that we will incur costs of approximately $56,206 in connection with this offering for legal, accounting, printing, and other costs related to the registration and sale of the shares of common stock.  The selling stockholders will not bear any portion of the foregoing expenses, but will bear any fees incurred in connection with any sale or distribution of the common stock as described herein.

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

General

The following is a summary of the rights of our common stock and preferred stock and related provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws. For more detailed information, please see our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws.

 

Our authorized capital consists of 45,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.

Common Stock

Dividend Rights.  Subject to preferences that may apply to shares of preferred stock outstanding at the time, the holders of outstanding shares of common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of assets legally available at the times and in the amounts as our Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

 

Voting Rights.  Each common stockholder is entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. Cumulative voting for the election of directors is not provided in our articles of incorporation, which means that the holders of a majority of the shares voted can elect all of the directors then standing for election.

 

No Preemptive or Similar Rights.  Our common stock is not entitled to preemptive rights and is not subject to conversion or redemption.

 

Right to Receive Liquidation Preferences.  Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, our assets legally available for distribution to our stockholders are distributable ratably among the holders of our common stock and any participating preferred stock outstanding at the time after payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding preferred stock and payment of other claims of creditors.

 

53



 

Preferred Stock

Our Board of Directors is authorized, without further stockholder approval, to issue from time to time up to an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix or alter the designations, preferences, rights and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions of the shares of each series thereof, including the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, including sinking fund provisions, redemption price or prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series or designation of series.

Preferred Stock Purchase Rights

On August 10, 2004, our Board of Directors adopted a stockholder rights plan. The rights plan is similar to rights plans adopted by many other companies and was not adopted in response to any then-current hostile takeover attempt. In connection with adopting the rights plan, on August 27, 2004, we created a new Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock having the rights and preferences set forth in the certificate of designation creating this series of preferred stock.

 

Under the rights plan, Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock purchase rights were distributed as a dividend at the rate of one right for each share of our common stock held by stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 30, 2004. Additionally, one right is likewise payable with respect to each share of common stock that has or will become outstanding after August 30, 2004 until the earlier of (i) ten days following the date upon which a person becomes an Acquiring Person (as described below) or (ii) the expiration of the rights on August 10, 2014 or earlier redemption as described below.

 

Each right will entitle stockholders to buy one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock at a price of $60. The rights generally will be exercisable only if a person or group acquires beneficial ownership of 15 percent or more of our common stock or commences, or publicly announces an intention to commence, a tender or exchange offer upon consummation of which such person or group would beneficially own 15 percent or more of our common stock, and thus becomes an “Acquiring Person.”

 

If any person becomes an Acquiring Person, other than pursuant to a board-approved tender or exchange offer for all the outstanding shares of our company, then each right not owned by an Acquiring Person will entitle its holder to purchase, at the right’s then current exercise price, shares of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (or, in certain circumstances as determined by the board, cash, property, or other securities) having a value of twice the right’s then current exercise price. In addition, if we, after any person has become an Acquiring Person, become involved in a merger or other business combination transaction with another company, in which we do not survive or in which our common stock is changed or exchanged, or we sell 50 percent or more of our assets or earning power to another person, each right will entitle each holder, other than an Acquiring Person, to purchase shares of common stock at the right’s then current exercise price of such other company.

 

We will be entitled to redeem the rights at $0.001 per right at any time until ten days (subject to extension) after a public announcement that any person or group of affiliated persons intends to acquire, or has acquired or obtained the right to acquire, beneficial ownership of 15 percent or more of the shares of our common stock.

 

The rights are intended to enable all stockholders to realize the long-term value of their investment in our company. The rights will not prevent a takeover attempt, but should encourage anyone seeking to acquire us to negotiate directly with our Board of Directors.

Delaware Anti-Takeover Law

The provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws described below may have the effect of delaying, deferring, or discouraging another person from acquiring control of us.

 

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law regulating corporate takeovers. This section prevents Delaware corporations from engaging, under limited circumstances, in a business combination, which includes a merger or sale of more than 10 percent of the corporation’s assets, with any interested stockholder, which is a stockholder who owns 15 percent or more of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock, as well as affiliates and associates of stockholders, for three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder unless:

 

·         the transaction is approved by the board of directors before the date the interested stockholder attained that status;

 

54



 

·         upon the closing of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the stockholder owned at least 85 percent of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced; or

·         on or after the date the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders by at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

A Delaware corporation may opt out of this provision with an express provision in its original certificate of incorporation or an express provision in its certificate of incorporation or bylaws resulting from a stockholders’ amendment approved by at least a majority of the outstanding voting shares. However, we have not opted out of this provision. This provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law could prohibit or delay mergers or other takeover or change-in-control attempts and may discourage attempts to acquire us.

Charter

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that all stockholder actions must be effected at a duly-called annual or special meeting and not by a consent in writing. The certificate of incorporation also requires the approval of our Board of Directors to adopt, amend or repeal our amended and restated bylaws. In addition, our certificate of incorporation permits our stockholders to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws only upon the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote.

 

Directors are removable for cause only by stockholders holding a majority of the then-outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote. Vacancies on the board of directors resulting from death, resignation, removal or other reason may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum. Vacancies from newly created directorships must be filled by a majority of the directors then in office. Lastly, the provisions in our certificate of incorporation described above and other provisions pertaining to the limitation of liability and indemnification of directors may be amended or repealed only with the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote.

 

These provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of us, which could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

Bylaws

The bylaws also contain many of the provisions in our certificate of incorporation described above. The bylaws do not permit stockholders to call a special meeting. In addition, the bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for matters to be brought before an annual or special meeting of our stockholders, including the election of directors. Business permitted to be conducted at any annual meeting or special meeting of stockholders will be limited to business properly brought before the meeting.

 

The bylaws also provide that we will indemnify officers and directors against losses that they may incur in investigations and legal proceedings resulting from their services to us, which may include services in connection with takeover defense measures. These provisions may have the effect of preventing changes in our management.

Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability

Our certificate of incorporation limits the liability of directors to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. In addition, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.

 

We have also entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers.  The indemnification agreements provide that we will indemnify our officers and directors, to the fullest extent permitted by law, in relation to any event or occurrence related to the fact that such officer or director is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of our company, or any of our subsidiaries, or is or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee, trustee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise by reason of any action or inaction on the part of such officer or director serving in any capacity set forth in this paragraph. In addition, the indemnification agreements provide that we will make an advance payment of expenses and losses to any officer or director who has entered into an indemnification agreement, if such officer or director requests such advance

 

55



 

payment of expenses and losses, in order to cover a claim relating to any fact or occurrence arising from or relating to events or occurrences specified in this paragraph.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for common stock is Computershare Trust Co., telephone number (303) 262-0600.

Listing

Our common stock is quoted on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SCOX”.

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity under the Delaware General Corporation Law of the common stock to be sold by the selling stockholders has been passed on for us by Dorsey & Whitney LLP, Salt Lake City, Utah.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule of The SCO Group, Inc. as of October 31, 2005 and for the year then ended have been included herein in reliance upon the report of Tanner LC, an independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule of The SCO Group, Inc. as of October 31, 2004, and for the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, have been included herein in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy and information statements and other information with the SEC. The public may read and copy, at prescribed rates, any materials we file with the SEC, including the registration statement and its exhibits at the SEC’s offices at: Public Reference Room, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. For information on how to obtain such documents from the SEC and to obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room, investors may telephone the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 1-800-SEC-0330.

 

The SEC Internet site at http://www.sec.gov contains materials that we file with the SEC in electronic version through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (EDGAR) system. The SEC’s Internet site contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically. Our Internet site, http://www.sco.com, also contains information about our company. Information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

56



FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Index to Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule

 

Consolidated Financial Statements:

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Tanner LC)

F-2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG LLP)

F-3

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2005 and 2004

F-4

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003

F-5

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003

F-6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003

F-7

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-9

Financial Statement Schedule:

 

Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

 

 

F-1



 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

The SCO Group, Inc.:

 

We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of The SCO Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as of October 31, 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended.  Our audit also included the financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended October 31, 2005 listed in the Index at Item 8.  These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of The SCO Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as of October 31, 2005, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  Also in our opinion, the financial statement schedule for the related period, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

 

 

/s/Tanner LC

 

Salt Lake City, Utah

January 23, 2006

 

F-2



 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

The SCO Group, Inc.:

 

We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of The SCO Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as of October 31, 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003.  In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we have also audited the financial statement schedule for the related periods.  These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The SCO Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as of October 31, 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Also in our opinion, the financial statement schedule for the related periods, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

 

 

/s/KPMG LLP

 

Salt Lake City, Utah

February 18, 2005

except as to Note 16,

which is as of March 11, 2005

 

F-3



 

THE SCO GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

 

 

October 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

4,272

 

$

12,693

 

Restricted cash

 

5,690

 

8,283

 

Available-for-sale securities

 

6,165

 

18,756

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $144 and $136, respectively

 

6,343

 

6,638

 

Other current assets

 

2,454

 

1,870

 

Total current assets

 

24,924

 

48,240

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT:

 

 

 

 

 

Computer and office equipment

 

2,224

 

2,991

 

Leasehold improvements

 

345

 

406

 

Furniture and fixtures

 

96

 

103

 

 

 

2,665

 

3,500

 

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(2,087

)

(2,851

)

Net property and equipment

 

578

 

649

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OTHER ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

Intangibles, net

 

2,707

 

5,413

 

Other assets

 

739

 

1,098

 

Total other assets

 

3,446

 

6,511

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

28,948

 

$

55,400

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

2,197

 

$

7,854

 

Payable to Novell, Inc.

 

2,815

 

3,283

 

Accrued compensation to law firms

 

 

7,956

 

Accrued payroll and benefits

 

2,656

 

3,369

 

Accrued liabilities

 

3,118

 

3,855

 

Deferred revenue

 

3,841

 

4,877

 

Royalties payable

 

406

 

354

 

Income taxes payable

 

1,222

 

1,279

 

Total current liabilities

 

16,255

 

32,827

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

 

338

 

343

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 10)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMON STOCK SUBJECT TO RESCISSION (Note 7)

 

1,018

 

528

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 45,000 shares authorized, 18,331 and 17,956 shares outstanding, respectively

 

18

 

18

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

246,985

 

246,273

 

Common stock held in treasury - 290 shares

 

(2,414

)

(2,414

)

Warrants outstanding

 

856

 

1,099

 

Deferred compensation

 

 

(22

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

834

 

964

 

Accumulated deficit

 

(234,942

)

(224,216

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

11,337

 

21,702

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

28,948

 

$

55,400

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-4



 

THE SCO GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

REVENUE:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Products

 

$

30,190

 

$

35,352

 

$

45,028

 

SCOsource licensing

 

166

 

829

 

25,846

 

Services

 

5,648

 

6,628

 

8,380

 

Total revenue

 

36,004

 

42,809

 

79,254

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

COST OF REVENUE:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Products

 

2,544

 

3,221

 

4,068

 

SCOsource licensing

 

12,847

 

19,743

 

9,500

 

Services

 

2,922

 

4,134

 

6,354

 

Total cost of revenue

 

18,313

 

27,098

 

19,922

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

GROSS MARGIN

 

17,691

 

15,711

 

59,332

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OPERATING EXPENSES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales and marketing (exclusive of stock-based compensation of $14, $75, and $129, respectively)

 

11,820

 

17,038

 

24,392

 

Research and development (exclusive of stock-based compensation of $8, $49, and $112, respectively)

 

8,329

 

10,612

 

11,012

 

General and administrative (exclusive of stock-based compensation of $0, $795, and $963, respectively)

 

7,047

 

7,626

 

6,230

 

Severance and exit costs

 

 

3,168

 

498

 

Amortization of intangibles

 

2,372

 

2,566

 

3,190

 

Loss on disposition and impairment of long-lived assets

 

 

2,355

 

164

 

Write-off of investments

 

 

 

250

 

Stock-based compensation

 

22

 

919

 

1,204

 

Compensation to law firms

 

 

 

8,956

 

Total operating expenses

 

29,590

 

44,284

 

55,896

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS

 

(11,899

)

(28,573

)

3,436

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EQUITY IN INCOME (LOSSES) OF AFFILIATES

 

47

 

111

 

(62

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

377

 

905

 

188

 

Interest expense

 

 

 

(3

)

Change in fair value of derivative

 

 

5,924

 

2,845

 

Other expense, net

 

1,022

 

(322

)

(203

)

Total other income, net

 

1,399

 

6,507

 

2,827

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES

 

(10,453

)

(21,955

)

6,201

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES

 

(273

)

(1,395

)

(774

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET INCOME (LOSS)

 

(10,726

)

(23,350

)

5,427

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM (DIVIDENDS ON) REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

 

 

7,123

 

(123

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET INCOME AVAILABLE (LOSS APPLICABLE) TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(16,227

)

$

5,304

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BASIC NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.43

 

DILUTED NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.34

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE BASIC COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

12,261

 

WEIGHTED AVERAGE DILUTED COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

15,679

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(23,350

)

$

5,427

 

Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities

 

15

 

(67

)

23

 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

 

(145

)

105

 

393

 

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

 

$

(10,856

)

$

(23,312

)

$

5,843

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5



 

THE SCO GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common Stock

 

Paid-in

 

Treasury Stock

 

Warrants

 

Deferred

 

Comprehensive

 

Accumulated

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Capital

 

Shares

 

Amount

 

Outstanding

 

Compensation

 

Income (Loss)

 

Deficit

 

Total

 

Balance, October 31, 2002

 

11,412

 

11

 

$

214,299

 

 

$

$

294

 

$

(644

)

$

510

 

$

(206,293

)

$

8,177

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares to officers, key employees and directors for services, net of cancellations

 

357

 

1

 

726

 

 

 

 

(569

)

 

 

158

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares upon exercise of stock options

 

1,305

 

1

 

2,055

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,056

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares under employee stock purchase program

 

345

 

 

236

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

236

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares in connection with business combination

 

305

 

1

 

2,460

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,461

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compensation expense for modifications made to certain option grants

 

 

 

42

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

42

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation for services

 

 

 

296

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

296

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of warrants

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,099

 

 

 

 

1,099

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise of a warrant

 

200

 

 

294

 

 

 

(294

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acquisition of common shares from stockholder

 

(100

)

 

(1,718

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,718

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

866

 

 

 

866

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

393

 

 

393

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23

 

 

23

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5,427

 

5,427

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, October 31, 2003

 

13,824

 

14

 

218,690

 

 

 

1,099

 

(347

)

926

 

(200,866

)

19,516

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

325

 

 

 

325

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compensation expense for modifications made to certain option grants

 

 

 

92

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

92

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stock-based compensation on options to non-employees

 

 

 

502

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

502

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(67

)

 

(67

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividend recorded on exchange of Series A-1 Preferred Stock for
Series A Preferred Stock

 

 

 

(6,305

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(6,305

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital contribution recorded on repurchase of Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock

 

 

 

15,475

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,475

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conversion of Series A-1 Preferred Stock

 

2,846

 

3

 

18,757

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,760

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends on Series A and Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock

 

 

 

(2,170

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,170

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

105

 

 

105

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acquisition of common shares

 

 

 

 

(290

)

(2,414

)

 

 

 

 

(2,414

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancellation of restricted stock awards for terminated employees

 

(11

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares upon exercise of stock options

 

606

 

1

 

950

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

951

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares under employee stock purchase program

 

691

 

 

810

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

810

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock subject to rescission

 

 

 

(528

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(528

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(23,350

)

(23,350

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, October 31, 2004

 

17,956

 

18

 

246,273

 

(290

)

(2,414

)

1,099

 

(22

)

964

 

(224,216

)

21,702

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

 

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(145

)

 

(145

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares upon exercise of stock options

 

163

 

 

239

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

239

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares under employee stock purchase program

 

212

 

 

720

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

720

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expiration of a warrant

 

 

 

243

 

 

 

(243

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock subject to rescission

 

 

 

(490

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(490

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(10,726

)

(10,726

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, October 31, 2005

 

18,331

 

$

18

 

$

246,985

 

(290

)

$

(2,414

)

$

856

 

$

 

$

834

 

$

(234,942

)

$

11,337

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6



 

THE SCO GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(23,350

)

$

5,427

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common shares as compensation to law firms

 

 

 

7,956

 

Amortization of intangibles (including $334, $334, and $337 classified as cost of SCOsource licensing revenue)

 

2,706

 

2,900

 

3,527

 

Stock-based compensation

 

22

 

919

 

1,204

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

360

 

783

 

1,049

 

Write-downs of investments

 

 

 

250

 

Issuance of a warrant (classified as cost of SCOsource licensing revenue)

 

 

 

243

 

Loss on disposition and write-downs of long-lived assets

 

46

 

2,355

 

164

 

Equity in (income) losses of affiliates

 

(47

)

(111

)

62

 

Change in fair value of derivative

 

 

(5,924

)

(2,845

)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted cash

 

2,125

 

(5,000

)

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

295

 

2,644

 

(837

)

Other current assets

 

(584

)

580

 

1,269

 

Other assets

 

405

 

84

 

1,501

 

Accounts payable

 

(5,657

)

5,876

 

(217

)

Accrued payroll and benefits

 

(713

)

(1,383

)

1,115

 

Compensation to law firms

 

(7,956

)

(2,600

)

2,600

 

Accrued liabilities

 

(737

)

101

 

(4,091

)

Deferred revenue

 

(1,036

)

(624

)

(4,555

)

Royalties payable

 

52

 

(169

)

(146

)

Taxes payable

 

(57

)

480

 

90

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

(5

)

(165

)

(1,679

)

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 

(21,507

)

(22,604

)

12,087

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase of property and equipment

 

(336

)

(506

)

(467

)

Purchase of available-for-sale securities

 

(13,624

)

(59,224

)

(4,095

)

Proceeds from available-for-sale securities

 

26,215

 

44,496

 

 

Purchase of minority interest in Japanese subsidiary

 

 

(209

)

 

Investment in non-marketable securities

 

 

 

(950

)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

12,255

 

(15,443

)

(5,512

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from sale of common stock through employee stock purchase program

 

720

 

810

 

236

 

Proceeds from exercise of common stock options

 

239

 

951

 

2,056

 

Repurchase of common stock

 

 

(2,414

)

 

Net proceeds from the issuance of warrants

 

 

 

856

 

Costs incurred in connection with Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock issuance

 

 

(211

)

 

Repurchase and retirement of Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock

 

 

(13,000

)

 

Net proceeds from issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

 

 

 

47,740

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

959

 

(13,864

)

50,888

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

(8,293

)

(51,911

)

57,463

 

EFFECT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES ON CASH

 

(128

)

176

 

376

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of year

 

12,693

 

64,428

 

6,589

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of year

 

$

4,272

 

$

12,693

 

$

64,428

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7



 

 

 

Year Ended October 31,

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for income taxes

 

$

358

 

$

957

 

$

413

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Increase in common stock subject to rescission

 

$

490

 

$

528

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accretion of dividends

 

$

 

$

2,047

 

$

123

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital contribution in connection with repurchase and cancellation of Series A-1 shares

 

$

 

$

(15,475

)

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividend in connection with exchange of Series A-1 for Series A

 

$

 

$

6,305

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred compensation for issuance of common shares

 

$

 

$

 

$

569

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Acquisition of Vultus, Inc.:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Intangible assets

 

$

 

$

 

$

1,555

 

Goodwill

 

$

 

$

 

$

1,166

 

Common stock issued

 

$

 

$

 

$

(2,461

)

Accrued liabilities assumed

 

$

 

$

 

$

(215

)

Acquisition costs

 

$

 

$

 

$

(45

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Settlement of notes receivable from Vista and NextEStage:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCO shares acquired

 

$

 

$

 

$

1,718

 

Investment write-off and other

 

$

 

$

 

$

500

 

Notes receivable, royalties and investment

 

$

 

$

 

$

(2,218

)

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-8



 

THE SCO GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

(1) ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND LIQUIDITY

 

The Company was originally incorporated as Caldera Systems, Inc. (“Caldera Systems”), a Utah corporation, on August 21, 1998, and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation on March 6, 2000.  In March 2000, Caldera Systems completed an initial public offering of its common stock.

 

On May 7, 2001, Caldera International, Inc. (“Caldera”) was formed as a holding company to own Caldera Systems and to acquire substantially all of the assets, liabilities and operations of the server and professional services groups of The Santa Cruz Operation, which changed its name to Tarantella, Inc. and was subsequently acquired by Sun Microsystems, Inc. (“Sun”).  The Santa Cruz Operation developed and marketed server software related to networked business computing and was one of the leading providers of UNIX server operating systems.  In addition, these operations provided professional services related to implementing and maintaining UNIX system software products.  The acquisition provided Caldera with international offices and a distribution channel with resellers throughout the world.  Subsequent to this acquisition, the Company has primarily sold UNIX based products and services.

 

On May 16, 2003, Caldera’s stockholders approved an amendment to Caldera’s certificate of incorporation that changed Caldera’s name to The SCO Group, Inc. (the “Company”).

 

The Company’s business focuses on marketing reliable, cost-effective UNIX software products and related services for the small-to-medium sized business market.  In 2003, the Company established its SCOsource business and launched the first of its SCOsource initiatives to review and enforce its intellectual property surrounding the UNIX operating system which it acquired from The Santa Cruz Operation.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2005, the Company used cash of $21,507,000 in its operating activities.  The majority of this cash was used to pay accounts payable, accrued compensation to law firms and liabilities related to the Company’s intellectual property litigation.  As of October 31, 2005, the Company had a total of $10,437,000 in cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities and an additional $5,690,000 in restricted cash, of which $2,875,000 is designated to pay for experts, consultants and other expenses in the SCO Litigation (as defined herein), if needed, and the remaining $2,815,000 of restricted cash is for SVRx royalties due to Novell, Inc. (“Novell”) .

 

On November 30, 2005, the Company completed a private placement of 2,852,000 shares of its common stock and raised gross proceeds of $10,005,000.  Costs to date incurred to facilitate the private placement totaled approximately $100,000.  With the proceeds of this financing, as well as the available cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities as of October 31, 2005, the Company believes that it will have sufficient cash resources to fund its operations through at least October 31, 2006.

 

(2) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial

 

F-9



 

statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods.  Actual results could differ from these estimates.  Key estimates in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include, among others, revenue recognition, allowances for doubtful accounts receivable, impairment and useful lives of long-lived assets, litigation reserves, and valuation allowances against deferred income tax assets.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned operating subsidiaries after all intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

The following table lists the Company’s subsidiaries, location and ownership interest:

 

Subsidiary

 

Location

 

Ownership Interest

 

 

 

 

 

SCO Operations, Inc.

 

United States

 

Wholly owned

SCO Global, Inc.

 

United States

 

Wholly owned

SCO Software (UK) Ltd.

 

United Kingdom

 

Wholly owned

SCO Japan, Ltd.

 

Japan

 

Wholly owned

SCO Canada, Inc.

 

Canada

 

Wholly owned

The SCO Group (Deutschland) GmbH

 

Germany

 

Wholly owned

The SCO Group (France) Sarl

 

France

 

Wholly owned

SCO Software (India) Private Ltd.

 

India

 

Wholly owned

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair values because of the immediate or short-term maturities of these financial instruments.  The fair values of available-for-sale securities are determined using quoted market prices for these securities.  The fair value of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock derivative and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock as of October 31, 2003 were determined using a binomial pricing model (see Note 6).

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries is the local foreign currency.  All assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date.  Revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the period.  Translation adjustments resulting from translation of the subsidiaries’ accounts are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income.  Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included as a component of other income in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all investments purchased with original maturities of three or fewer months to be cash equivalents.  Cash equivalents were $1,528,000 and $2,633,000 as of October 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.  Cash was $2,744,000 and $10,060,000 as of October 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.  The Company has $100,000 of cash that is federally insured.  All remaining amounts of cash and cash equivalents as well as restricted cash exceed federally insured limits.

 

F-10



 

Available-for-Sale Securities

 

The following table shows the cost, unrealized gain or loss and fair market value of the Company’s cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities as of October 31, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):

 

 

 

October 31, 2004

 

 

 

Cost

 

Unrealized
Losses, net

 

Fair Market
Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate notes

 

$

2,000

 

$

 

$

2,000

 

U.S. Government agencies

 

16,800

 

(44

)

16,756

 

Total

 

$

18,800

 

$

(44

)

$

18,756

 

 

 

 

October 31, 2005

 

 

 

Cost

 

Unrealized
Losses, net

 

Fair Market
Value

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. Government agencies

 

$

3,500

 

$

(35

)

$

3,465

 

Auction rate notes

 

2,700

 

 

2,700

 

Total

 

$

6,200

 

$

(35

)

$

6,165

 

 

Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair market value, based on quoted market prices, and unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a component of comprehensive income (loss).  Realized gains and losses, which are calculated based on the specific-identification method, are recorded in operations as incurred.  As of October 31, 2005 and 2004, available-for-sale securities at amortized cost and fair value consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

Amortized Cost

 

Fair Value

 

Amortized Cost

 

Fair Value

 

Maturity date

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3 – 12 months

 

$

6,200

 

$

6,165

 

$

 

$

 

> 12 months

 

 

 

18,800

 

18,756

 

Total

 

$

6,200

 

$

6,165

 

$

18,800

 

$

18,756

 

 

All U.S. Government agencies in an unrealized loss position as of October 31, 2005 were not impaired at acquisition and the decline in fair value is primarily attributable to interest rate fluctuations.  A decline in the market value of any available-for-sale security below cost that is deemed other than temporary results in a charge to earnings and establishes a new basis for the security.

 

Restricted Cash and Payable to Novell, Inc.

 

Pursuant to the 1995 Asset Purchase Agreement and the Company’s acquisition of assets and operations of The Santa Cruz Operation, the Company acts as an administrative agent in the collection of royalty payments from a limited number of pre-existing Novell customers who continue to deploy SVRx technology.  Under the agency agreement, the Company collects payments from such customers and receives 5% as an administrative fee and remits the remaining 95% to Novell on a routine basis.  The Company records the 5% administrative fee as revenue in its consolidated statements of operations.  The accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of October 31, 2005 and 2004 reflect amounts collected related to this agency agreement as of each balance sheet date, but not yet remitted to Novell of $2,815,000 and $3,283,000, respectively, as restricted cash and payable to Novell.

 

F-11



 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable

 

The Company offers credit terms on the sale of the Company’s products to a significant majority of the Company’s customers and requires no collateral from these customers.  The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of the Company’s customers’ financial condition and maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable based upon the Company’s historical experience and a specific review of accounts receivable at the end of each period.  As of October 31, 2005 and 2004, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $144,000 and $136,000, respectively.

 

Inventories

 

Inventories consist primarily of completed software products.  Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (using the first-in, first-out method) or market value.  As of October 31, 2005 and 2004, inventories amounted to $203,000 and $248,000, respectively.  Inventories are included in other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

Provisions, when required, are made to reduce excess and obsolete inventories to their estimated net realizable value.  Due to competitive pressures and technological innovation, it is possible that estimates of the net realizable value could change in the near term.

 

Capitalized Software Costs

 

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 86, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed,” development costs incurred in the research and development of new software products to be sold, leased or otherwise marketed are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility in the form of a detailed program design.  Software development costs incurred after technological feasibility was established and prior to product release were not material for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003.  The Company has charged its software development costs to research and development expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable.  The Company evaluates, at each balance sheet date, whether events and circumstances have occurred which indicate possible impairment.  The carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated cumulative undiscounted cash flows of the related asset or group of assets is less than the carrying value.  In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair market value of the long-lived asset.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization.  Computer equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset, which is typically three years.  Furniture and fixtures and office equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset, typically three to five years.  Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvement or the remaining term of the applicable lease.

 

Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred.  Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives of existing equipment are capitalized and depreciated.  Upon retirement or disposition of property and equipment, the cost and related

 

F-12



 

accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Depreciation and amortization expense was $360,000, $783,000 and $1,049,000 during the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Statement of Position (“SOP”) 97-2, as modified by SOP 98-9.  The Company’s revenue is primarily from three sources: (i) product license revenue, primarily from product sales to resellers, end users and original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”); (ii) technical support service revenue, primarily from providing technical support and consulting services to end users; and (iii) revenue from SCOsource licensing.

 

The Company recognizes product revenue upon shipment if a signed contract exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and product returns are reasonably estimable.

 

The majority of the Company’s revenue transactions relate to product-only sales.  On occasion, the Company has revenue transactions that have multiple elements (such as software products, maintenance, technical support services, and other services).  For software agreements that have multiple elements, the Company allocates revenue to each component of the contract based on the relative fair value of the elements.  The fair value of each element is based on vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”).  VSOE is established when such elements are sold separately.  The Company recognizes revenue when the criteria for product revenue recognition set forth above have been met.  If VSOE of all undelivered elements exists, but VSOE does not exist for one or more delivered elements, then revenue is recognized using the residual method.  Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the license fee is recognized as revenue in the period when persuasive evidence of an arrangement is obtained assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.

 

The Company recognizes product revenue from OEMs when the software is sold by the OEM to an end-user customer.  Revenue from technical support services and consulting services is recognized as the related services are performed.  Revenue for maintenance is recognized ratably over the maintenance period.

 

The Company considers an arrangement with payment terms longer than the Company’s normal business practice, not to be fixed or determinable and revenue is recognized when the fee becomes due.  The Company typically provides stock rotation rights for sales made through its distribution channel and sales to distributors are recognized upon shipment by the distributor to end users.  For direct sales not through the Company’s distribution channel, sales are typically non-refundable and non-cancelable.  The Company estimates its product returns based on historical experience and maintains an allowance for estimated returns, which is recorded as a reduction to accounts receivable.

 

The Company’s SCOsource revenue to date has been primarily generated from agreements to utilize the Company’s UNIX source code as well as from intellectual property compliance agreements.  The Company recognizes revenue from SCOsource agreements when a signed contract exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, collection of the receivable is probable and delivery has occurred.  If the payment terms extend beyond the Company’s normal payment terms, revenue is recognized as the payments become due.

 

F-13



 

Royalty Costs

 

Royalties paid by the Company on applications licensed from third parties that are incorporated into the software products sold by the Company are expensed as cost of revenue on a per unit basis as software products are sold.  Royalties paid in advance of product sales are included in other current assets and recorded as cost of revenue when the related products are sold.  During the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company incurred $1,133,000, $1,262,000 and $1,464,000, respectively, in royalty expense.

 

Advertising

 

The Company expenses the cost of advertising as incurred.  Advertising expenses totaled $384,000, $350,000 and $665,000, respectively, for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for stock options issued to directors, officers and employees under Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and Related Interpretations.”  Under APB No. 25, compensation expense is recognized if an option’s exercise price on the measurement date is below the fair market value of the Company’s common stock.  The compensation expense, if any, is amortized to expense over the vesting period.

 

SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” requires pro forma information regarding net income (loss) as if the Company had accounted for its stock options granted under the fair value method prescribed by SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.”  The fair value for the Company’s stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.

 

With respect to stock options and restricted stock awards granted and employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) shares purchased during the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows:   

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Risk-free weighted average interest rate

 

3.9

%

2.8

%

2.9

%

Expected dividend yield

 

0.0

%

0.0

%

0.0

%

Volatility

 

63.4

%

79.5

%

126.0

%

Expected exercise life (in years)

 

2.7

 

3.0

 

2.7

 

 

F-14



 

For purposes of the pro forma disclosure, the estimated fair value of stock options, restricted stock awards and ESPP shares are amortized over the vesting period of the award.  The following is the pro forma disclosure and the related impact on net income (loss) to common stockholders and the net income (loss) to common stockholders per diluted common share for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(16,227

)

$

5,304

 

Stock-based compensation included in reported net income (loss)

 

22

 

919

 

1,204

 

Stock-based compensation under fair value method

 

(1,880

)

(2,082

)

(1,855

)

Pro forma net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders

 

$

(12,584

)

$

(17,390

)

$

4,653

 

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders per basic common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.43

 

Pro forma

 

$

(0.70

)

$

(1.15

)

$

0.38

 

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders per diluted common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As reported

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.34

 

Pro forma

 

$

(0.70

)

$

(1.15

)

$

0.30

 

 

Income Taxes

 

The Company recognizes a liability or asset for the deferred tax consequences of all temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years when the reported amounts of the assets and liabilities are recovered or settled.  These deferred tax assets or liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  Deferred tax assets are reviewed periodically for recoverability, and valuation allowances are provided when it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets may not be realized.  The Company has provided a valuation allowance against the entire net deferred tax asset because of its history of net operating losses and the uncertainties regarding future operating profitability and taxable income.

 

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss), foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities and is presented in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

 

Net Income (Loss) per Common Share

 

 Basic net income (loss) per common share (“Basic EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  Diluted net income (loss) per common share (“Diluted EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and the dilutive potential common share equivalents then outstanding.  Potential common share equivalents consist of the weighted average number of shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, restricted stock awards, warrants to acquire common stock and preferred stock convertible into common shares.  If dilutive, the Company computes Diluted EPS using the treasury stock method.

 

F-15



 

The following table is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of Basic EPS to the numerator and denominator of Diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share amounts):  

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Numerator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income available (loss applicable) to common stockholders

 

$

(10,726

)

$

(16,227

)

$

5,304

 

Denominator:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

12,256

 

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

 

 

 

5

 

Weighted average basic common shares outstanding

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

12,261

 

Stock options

 

 

 

2,833

 

Restricted stock

 

 

 

471

 

Warrants

 

 

 

114

 

Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding

 

17,924

 

15,155

 

15,679

 

Basic EPS

 

$

(0.60

)

$

(1.07

)

$

0.43

 

Diluted EPS

 

(0.60

)

(1.07

)

0.34

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Excluded anti-dilutive common share equivalents

 

4,059

 

3,161

 

387

 

 

The excluded anti-dilutive common share equivalents are not included in the computation of Diluted EPS as their effect would have decreased Diluted EPS.

 

(3) ACQUISITIONS

 

Vultus

 

Under the terms of an Asset Acquisition Agreement (the “Vultus Agreement”) dated June 6, 2003, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Vultus, Inc. (“Vultus”), a corporation engaged in the web services interface business.  As consideration for the assets acquired, the Company issued approximately 167,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, of which The Canopy Group, Inc. (“Canopy”), the Company’s principal stockholder as of October 31, 2004, received approximately 37,000 shares.  The Company also assumed approximately $215,000 in accrued liabilities of Vultus.  In addition, the Company assumed the obligations of Vultus under two secured notes payable to Canopy totaling $1,073,000.  In connection with the assumption of the notes payable to Canopy, Canopy agreed to accept the issuance of approximately 138,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in full satisfaction of the obligations.  Canopy was a stockholder and significant debt holder of Vultus.  Neither Canopy nor any of its officers or directors participated in the Company’s approval of this transaction.

 

The following table summarizes the components of the consideration paid to Vultus (in thousands, except per share data):

 

Consideration paid:

 

 

 

Fair value of common stock issued (305,000 shares at $8.06 per share)

 

$

2,461

 

Assumed liabilities

 

215

 

Direct expenses

 

45

 

Total consideration

 

$

2,721

 

 

The $8.06 per share value of the common stock issued was determined based on the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the two days before and the day of signing the Vultus Agreement.

 

F-16



 

The Company accounted for the acquisition of Vultus as a business combination in accordance with SFAS No. 141.  SFAS No. 141 requires that the total purchase price, including direct fees and expenses, be allocated to the assets acquired based upon their respective fair values.  No current assets or tangible assets of significant value were acquired.  Based on the nature and status of the research and development projects at the date of acquisition, none of the purchase price has been allocated to in-process research and development.  The purchase price has been allocated to the intangible assets acquired as follows (in thousands):

 

Purchase price allocation:

 

 

 

Acquired technology (estimated useful life of two years)

 

$

1,555

 

Goodwill

 

1,166

 

Total

 

$

2,721

 

 

Pro Forma Financial Information

 

The following table sets forth certain pro forma financial information had the Vultus acquisition been completed as of November 1, 2002 (unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

Year Ended
October 31, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

Revenue

 

$

79,254

 

Net income (loss) from operations

 

2,133

 

Net income available (loss) applicable to common stockholders

 

3,998

 

Basic net income (loss) per common share

 

$

0.32

 

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

 

$

0.25

 

 

As discussed in more detail in Note 4, the Company recorded an asset impairment related to Vultus during the year ended October 31, 2004.

 

(4) GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

The following table shows the activity related to amortized intangible assets for the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004 as well as the remaining unamortized balances as of October 31, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):

 

 

 

As of

 

Year Ended
October 31, 2004

 

As of

 

 

 

October 31, 2003

 

Amortization

 

Impairment

 

October 31, 2004

 

 

 

Net Book Value

 

Expense

 

Loss

 

Net Book Value

 

Amortizable intangible assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distribution/reseller channel

 

$

6,954

 

$

(2,318

)

$

 

$

4,636

 

Acquired technology

 

2,175

 

(529

)

(973

)

673

 

Trade name

 

157

 

(53

)

 

104

 

Total intangible assets

 

$

9,286

 

$

(2,900

)

$

(973

)

$

5,413

 

 

F-17



 

 

 

As of

 

Year Ended
October 31, 2005

 

As of

 

 

 

October 31, 2004

 

Amortization

 

 

 

October 31, 2005

 

 

 

Net Book Value

 

Expense

 

Additions

 

Net Book Value

 

Amortizable intangible assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distribution/reseller channel

 

$

4,636

 

$

(2,318

)

$

 

$

2,318

 

Acquired technology

 

673

 

(336

)

 

337

 

Trade name

 

104

 

(52

)

 

52

 

Total intangible assets

 

$

5,413

 

$

(2,706

)

$

 

$

2,707

 

 

Of the $2,706,000 in amortization expense for the year ended October 31, 2005, $334,000 was classified as cost of SCOsource licensing revenue and the remaining $2,372,000 was classified as amortization of intangible assets in operating expenses.  Of the $2,900,000 in amortization expense for the year ended October 31, 2004, $334,000 was classified as cost of SCOsource licensing revenue and the remaining $2,566,000 was classified as amortization of intangible assets in operating expenses.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2004, the Company recorded a loss on impairment of long-lived assets totaling $2,139,000, which related to an impairment loss on intangible assets of $973,000 and an impairment of goodwill of $1,166,000.  The intangible assets and goodwill were included as part of the UNIX segment.

 

The impairment loss related to goodwill and intangible assets acquired in connection with the acquisition of Vultus in June 2003.  The Company concluded that an impairment-triggering event occurred during the three months ended April 30, 2004 as the Company had a reduction in force that impacted the Company’s ability to move the Vultus initiative forward on a stand-alone basis and because an impending partnership that would have solidified the Vultus revenue and cash flow opportunities did not materialize.  Consequently, the Company concluded that no significant future cash flows related to its Vultus assets would be realized.  The Company performed an impairment analysis of its recorded goodwill related to the Vultus reporting unit using a present value of future cash flows model.  Additionally, an impairment analysis of the intangible assets was performed in accordance with SFAS No. 144.  As a result of these analyses, the Company wrote down the carrying value of its goodwill related to the Vultus acquisition from $1,166,000 to $0 and wrote down intangible assets related to its Vultus acquisition from $973,000 to $0.

 

The above intangible assets, with a remaining carrying value of $2,707,000, are expected to be fully amortized during the year ending October 31, 2006.

 

Pursuant to SFAS No. 142, the Company is required to test its intangible assets for impairment at least annually.  The Company performed a test as of October 31, 2005 and concluded that no impairment had occurred.

 

(5) INVESTMENTS IN NON-MARKETABLE SECURITIES

 

The Company accounts for each of its investments in non-marketable securities under the cost method, if the Company owns less than 20 percent of the outstanding voting securities or under the equity method if the Company owns more than 20 percent but less than 50 percent of the outstanding voting securities.

 

In connection with the Company’s acquisition of the server and professional services groups from The Santa Cruz Operation, it acquired a 30 percent ownership interest in SCO Software, China; a joint venture in China.  This investment is being accounted for using the equity method.  As of October

 

F-18



 

31, 2005, the Company had a balance of $606,000 for its China investment, which is included as a component of other assets.  The Company’s other investments in non-marketable securities have been fully impaired in prior years and did not have a carrying value as of October 31, 2005.

 

Income or loss recorded on the Company’s investments is recorded as equity in income (losses) of affiliates in the consolidated statements of operations and amounted to $47,000, $111,000 and ($62,000) for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

Sale of Troll Tech Shares

 

In December 1999, the Company and Canopy, a former holder of the Company’s common stock, entered into an agreement with Troll Tech AS (“Troll Tech”) and its stockholders.  Pursuant to the agreement, the Company acquired shares of Troll Tech in exchange for shares of the Company, and Canopy acquired shares of Troll Tech in exchange for $1,000,000.  The Company recorded its investment in Troll Tech’s common stock at $400,000, based on the cash price per share paid by Canopy.  The Company determined that the cash price per share paid by Canopy was the most reliable evidence of the value of Troll Tech’s common stock.  During the year ended October 31, 2001, management determined that the carrying value of the investment in Troll Tech of $400,000 would most likely not be recoverable, and the investment was written down to $0.

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2005, the Company received notice from Troll Tech that a third-party investor was interested in acquiring the Company’s shares of Troll Tech.  On March 14, 2005, the Company received proceeds of $779,100 for the Troll Tech shares.  The Company accounted for the sale and proceeds of the Troll Tech shares in the three months ended April 30, 2005 when it received the proceeds from the shares.  All amounts related to the book value of the shares had been written off during the year ended October 31, 2001, and the Company recorded the proceeds received as a component of other income in its statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Investment Impairments and Write-offs

 

Management routinely assesses the Company’s investments for impairment and adjusts the carrying amounts to estimated realizable values when impairment has occurred.  During the year ended October 31, 2003, management determined that the carrying value of certain of its investments would most likely not be recoverable and incurred a write-off of $250,000.  The necessary write-offs were due to declines in general economic conditions and the impact of such declines in the operations of these companies as well as a decline in overall market valuations.  The Company did not record any write-offs during the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004.

 

(6) REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

 

On October 16, 2003, the Company issued 50,000 shares of its redeemable Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A”) for $1,000 per share.  The net proceeds from the sale of the Series A were $47,740,000.  The value of the Series A was classified outside of permanent equity because of certain redemption features that were outside the control of the Company.

 

The terms of the Series A included a number of conversion provisions that represented a derivative financial instrument under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.”  The Company determined that the conversion feature allowing Series A holders to acquire common shares was an embedded derivative requiring separate accounting.  This required the Company to record the derivative at fair value and mark to fair value at each reporting period.  Changes in the fair value of the derivative were recorded in the Company’s statement of operations.  As of October 16, 2003, the Company determined the initial fair value of the derivative was $18,069,000.  As of October

 

F-19



 

31, 2003, the fair value of the derivative was $15,224,000 and the decrease in fair value of $2,845,000 was recorded as a gain as a change in fair value of derivative in other income in the statement of operations for fiscal year 2003.

 

As of January 31, 2004, the fair value of the derivative was $11,600,000, and the decrease in fair value of $3,624,000 was recorded as a gain as a change in fair value of derivative in other income in the statement of operations for three months ended January 31, 2004.  On February 5, 2004, all outstanding Series A shares were exchanged for shares of the Company’s Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series A-1”), and, as a result, no Series A shares remained outstanding as of February 5, 2004.  The exchange did not result in the Company receiving any additional proceeds.  As of February 5, 2004, the fair value of the derivative was $9,300,000 and the decrease in fair value of $2,300,000 from January 31, 2004 was recorded as a gain as change in fair value of derivative in other income in the statement of operations.

 

As of February 5, 2004, the Company determined the fair value of the Series A-1 was $45,276,000.  The Company incurred $211,000 in offering costs in connection with the issuance of the Series A-1 in the exchange for Series A, resulting in a net fair value of $45,065,000.  The difference of $6,305,000 in the fair value of the Series A-1 and the combined carrying value of the Series A and the related derivative was recorded as a non-cash dividend in the statements of operations for the three months ended April 30, 2004.

 

Conversion of Series A-1 Shares and Transfer of Series A-1 Shares to BayStar

 

On May 5, 2004, the Company received a notice from Royal Bank of Canada (“RBC”), one of the holders of the Series A-1 shares that RBC had elected to convert 10,000 Series A-1 shares into a total of 740,740 shares of the Company’s common stock.  The converted Series A-1 shares were purchased at a price of $1,000 per share and were converted into shares of common stock based on a conversion price of $13.50 per share.  A total of $9,013,000 was recorded as permanent equity as a result of this conversion.  Additionally, RBC informed the Company that it had sold its remaining 20,000 Series A-1 shares to BayStar Capital II, L.P. (“BayStar”), which following such transfer held a total of 40,000 Series A-1 shares.

 

Agreement to Repurchase BayStar Capital Series A-1 Shares

 

On May 31, 2004, the Company entered into an agreement with BayStar to repurchase and retire BayStar’s 40,000 Series A-1 shares, including accrued dividends.  Terms of the agreement required the Company to pay to BayStar $13,000,000 in cash and issue 2,105,263 shares of the Company’s common stock.  The repurchase price was payable and issuable upon the effectiveness of a shelf registration statement covering the resale of the shares of common stock that would be issued to BayStar upon the closing of the repurchase.  On July 21, 2004, the SEC declared the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 effective, and, in accordance with the terms of the repurchase agreement, the repurchase with BayStar closed on that date.  The fair value of the cash and common shares delivered to BayStar was less than the carrying value of the remaining value of the Series A-1 shares and the Company recorded a capital contribution as a dividend for this difference as outlined in the following table (in thousands):

 

Fair value of 2,105,263 common shares

 

$

9,747

 

Cash consideration

 

13,000

 

Total value to BayStar

 

22,747

 

Carrying value of Series A-1 including dividends

 

38,222

 

Capital contribution

 

$

(15,475

)

 

F-20



 

Dividends

 

If the repurchase had not occurred, dividends on the Series A-1 shares would have been paid after October 16, 2004, the first anniversary of the original Series A private placement, quarterly at a rate of 8 percent per annum, subject to annual increases of 2 percent per annum, not to exceed 12 percent per annum.  Although the Company accrued dividends of $2,047,000 and $123,000 for the years ended October 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, which reduced earnings to common stockholders, the Company will no longer accrue dividends on preferred stock because the repurchase transaction with BayStar closed.  The Company never paid any dividends on the Series A or Series A-1 shares.

 

(7) COMMON STOCK SUBJECT TO RESCISSION

 

The Company believes certain shares and options granted under its Equity Compensation Plans were issued without complying with registration or qualification requirements under federal securities laws and the securities laws of certain states.  As a result, certain Plan participants have a right to rescind their purchases of shares under the Plans or recover damages if they no longer own the shares or hold unexercised options, subject to applicable statutes of limitations.  Additionally, regulatory authorities may require the Company to pay fines or impose other sanctions.  The Company made a rescission offer to certain Plan participants.

 

Accounting Series Release (“ASR”) No. 268 and Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) Topic D-98 require that stock subject to rescission or redemption requirements outside the control of the Company to be classified outside of permanent equity.  The exercise of the rescission right is at the holders’ discretion, but exercise of that right may depend in part on the fair value of the Company’s common stock which is outside of the Company’s and the holders’ control.  Consequently, common stock subject to rescission is classified as temporary equity.  If the Company’s rescission offer is made and accepted by plan participants holding shares acquired under the Equity Compensation Plans or otherwise entitled to recover damages from the Company in respect of such shares they have sold, or such plan participants otherwise make rescission claims against the Company, the Company could be required to make aggregate payments to these plan participants of up to $1,018,000 in the aggregate, excluding interest and other possible fees.

 

Subsequent to October 31, 2005, the Company completed a rescission offer to eligible plan participants (see Note 16).

 

(8) STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

Stock Options

 

 During the year ended October 31, 1998, the Company adopted the 1998 Stock Option Plan (the “1998 Plan”) that provided for the granting of nonqualified stock options to purchase shares of common stock.  On December 1, 1999, the Company’s board of directors approved the 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (the “1999 Plan”), which was intended to serve as the successor equity incentive program to the 1998 Plan.  The 1999 Plan allows for the grant of awards in the form of incentive and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, phantom stock and stock bonuses.  Awards may be granted to individuals in the Company’s employ or service.

 

On May 16, 2003, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Plan”) upon the recommendation of the board of directors.  The 2002 Plan permits the award of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, phantom stock rights, and stock bonuses.  Stock options may have an exercise price equal to, less than, or greater than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant, except that the exercise price of incentive stock options must be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the common stock as of the date of grant.

 

F-21



 

On April 20, 2004, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (the “2004 Plan”) upon the recommendation of the board of directors.  The 2004 Plan allows for the award of up to 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and permits the award of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, phantom stock rights, and stock bonuses. The 2004 Plan incorporates an evergreen formula pursuant to which on each November 1, the aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2004 Plan will increase by a number of shares equal to three percent of the outstanding shares on the day preceding (October 31).  The 2004 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s board of directors.  The Compensation Committee has the ability to determine the terms of the option, the exercise price, the number of shares subject to each option, and the exercisability of the options.  Stock options may have an exercise price equal to, less than, or greater than the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant, except that the exercise price of incentive stock options must be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the common stock as of the date of grant.  Shares issued pursuant to the 2004 Plan may be authorized and unissued shares, treasury shares or shares acquired by the Company for purposes of the 2004 Plan.

 

Under the terms of the 1998, 1999, 2002 and 2004 Plans, options generally expire 10 years from the date of grant or within 90 days of termination.  Options granted under these plans generally vest at 25 percent after the completion of one year of service and then 1/36 per month for the remaining three years and would be fully vested at the end of four years.

 

The board may suspend, revise, terminate or amend any of the option plans at any time; provided, however, that stockholder approval must be obtained if and to the extent that the board deems it appropriate to satisfy Section 162(m) of the Code, Section 422 of the Code or the rules of any stock exchange on which the common stock is listed.  No action under the option plans may, without the consent of the participant, reduce the participant’s rights under any outstanding award.

 

As of October 31, 2005, 238,000 shares were available for issuance under the 1999 Plan, 561,000 shares were available for issuance under the 2002 Plan, and 738,000 shares were available for issuance under the 2004 Plan.  A summary of stock option activity under the 1998, 1999,  2002 and 2004 Plans for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average

 

 

 

Options

 

Exercise Price

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance, October 31, 2002

 

4,266

 

$

3.78

 

Granted

 

1,755

 

5.56

 

Exercised

 

(1,305

)

1.57

 

Cancelled

 

(1,055

)

9.34

 

Balance, October 31, 2003

 

3,661

 

3.74

 

Granted

 

939

 

7.31

 

Exercised

 

(606

)

1.57

 

Cancelled

 

(833

)

7.62

 

Balance, October 31, 2004

 

3,161

 

4.18

 

Granted

 

1,118

 

4.40

 

Exercised

 

(162

)

1.48

 

Cancelled

 

(293

)

6.63

 

Balance, October 31, 2005

 

3,824

 

$

4.17

 

 

The weighted average fair value of options granted for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $4.40, $7.31 and $5.56, respectively.

 

F-22



 

During the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company did not grant any stock options with exercise prices that were less than the quoted market price of the Company’s common stock.  A summary of stock options outstanding and exercisable under the Company’s 1998, 1999, 2002 and 2004 Plans as of October 31, 2005 is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

Options Outstanding

 

Options Exercisable

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted

 

Weighted

 

 

 

Weighted

 

 

 

 

 

Average

 

Average

 

 

 

Average

 

 

 

Options

 

Contractual

 

Exercise

 

Options

 

Exercise

 

Exercise Prices

 

Outstanding

 

Life

 

Price

 

Exercisable

 

Price

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$0.76 - $2.00

 

1,254

 

6.54

years

 

$

0.91

 

988

 

$

0.93

 

$2.07 - $4.25

 

1,280

  

8.46

 

 

3.31

 

451

 

2.45

 

$4.50 - $7.18

 

939

 

8.74

 

 

5.44

 

216

 

5.89

 

$8.71 - $28.00

 

351

 

7.27

 

 

15.50

 

217

 

16.13

 

 

 

3,824

 

7.79

years

 

$

4.17

 

1,872

 

$

3.63

 

 

2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

The 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended, is designed to allow eligible employees of the Company and its participating subsidiaries to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, at semi-annual intervals, through periodic payroll deductions.  A participant may contribute up to 10 percent of his or her cash earnings through payroll deductions and the accumulated payroll deductions will be applied to the purchase of shares on the participant’s behalf on each semi-annual purchase date (the last business day in May and November).  The purchase price per share will be 85 percent of the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the participant’s entry date into the offering period or the fair market value on the semi-annual purchase date.  Effective for the purchase period beginning December 1, 2005, the look-back period for the plan was reduced from 24 months to 6 months.  The board may at any time amend or modify the plan.  The plan will terminate no later than the last business day in April 2010.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2005, approximately 213,000 shares were purchased at prices ranging from $3.38 to $3.52 per share.  During the year ended October 31, 2004, 691,000 shares were purchased at prices ranging from $0.66 to $5.21 per share and during the year ended October 31, 2003, 345,000 shares were purchased at prices ranging from $0.66 to $1.38 per share.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

 Stock-based compensation was $22,000, $919,000 and $1,204,000 during the years ended October 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.  The following table summarizes the components of stock-based compensation (in thousands):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of stock-based compensation

 

$

22

 

$

325

 

$

866

 

Options, warrants and shares for services

 

 

502

 

296

 

Option modifications

 

 

92

 

42

 

Total

 

$

22

 

$

919

 

$

1,204

 

 

Restricted Stock Awards

 

During the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company did not grant any shares of restricted stock.  During the year ended October 31, 2003, the Company issued 180,000 shares of restricted

 

F-23



 

stock to certain key employees.  The restrictions on the restricted stock awards granted to key employees lapse over a period of 24 months.  The fair value of the restricted stock awards granted was approximately $374,000.  The fair value of the restricted stock awards was recorded as a component of deferred compensation and is amortized to stock-based compensation as the restrictions lapse.  Additionally in 2003, the Company’s board of directors approved a resolution to receive remaining amounts owed to them for services provided during the year ended October 31, 2002 in the form of restricted stock awards.  The Company issued 27,500 shares of common stock with a fair value of $36,000 that was expensed as a component of options, warrants and shares for services in the above table.  Finally, the Company granted 150,000 shares of restricted common stock to members of the Company’s board of directors with a fair value of $195,000 and was recorded as a component of deferred compensation.  The restricted common stock issued to the board of directors was in lieu of cash compensation for their services to the Company during the year ended October 31, 2003 and the restrictions lapsed on October 31, 2003.

 

Warrants

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, the Company issued three warrants to Sun Microsystems, Inc. (“Sun”).  The warrants allow Sun to acquire a total of 235,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.83 per share for a term of five years from the date of grant.  The warrants were issued in connection with a SCOsource revenue transaction with Sun, and the Company has recorded the fair value of the warrants of $856,000, as determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, as a warrant outstanding and reduced SCOsource license revenue.  The Company received the $856,000 in cash from Sun in connection with payments received under the terms of the revenue transaction.  As of October 31, 2005, all warrants to Sun remained outstanding and unexercised.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, the Company issued a warrant to a consultant, as part of an agreement to assist the Company with its SCOsource licensing initiative.  The warrant allows the consultant to acquire 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $8.50 per share for a term of two years from the date of the agreement.  The Company recorded the fair value of the warrant of $243,000, as determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, as a warrant outstanding and included this cost as a cost of SCOsource licensing revenue.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, the warrant expired unexercised and the Company removed the value of $243,000 of the warrant from warrants outstanding and recorded this amount as a component of additional paid-in capital.

 

Repurchase of Common Stock

 

On March 10, 2004, the Company’s board of directors authorized management, in its discretion, to purchase up to 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock over the 24-month period following March 10, 2004, the time at which the repurchase program was effective.  Any repurchased shares will be held in treasury and will be available for general corporate purposes.  The repurchase program will allow the Company to repurchase its shares from time to time in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission on the open market, in block trades and in privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions and other factors.  During the year ended October 31, 2004, the Company purchased approximately 290,000 shares of its common stock at a total cost of approximately $2,414,000.  The Company did not purchase any shares of its common stock during the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Stockholder Rights Plan

 

On August 10, 2004, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted a Stockholder Rights Plan (the “Rights Plan”) designed to deter coercive takeover tactics, including accumulation of shares in the open

 

F-24



 

market or through private transactions and to prevent an acquirer from gaining control of the Company without offering a fair price to all of the Company’s stockholders.

 

Under the terms of the Rights Plan, Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock purchase rights will be distributed as a dividend at the rate of one right for each share of common stock of the Company held by stockholders of record as of the close of business on August 30, 2004.  The Rights Plan would be triggered if a person or group acquired beneficial ownership of 15 percent or more of the Company’s common stock other than pursuant to a board-approved tender or exchange offer or commences, or publicly announces an intention to commence, a tender or exchange offer upon consummation of which such person or group would beneficially own 15 percent or more of the Company’s common stock.  The value of the purchase rights is immaterial as of October 31, 2005.

 

Change in Control Agreements

 

  On December 10, 2004, the Company entered into Change in Control Agreements with the following officers: Darl C. McBride; Bert B. Young; Christopher Sontag; Jeff F. Hunsaker; and Ryan E. Tibbitts (each, an “Officer”).  In addition, on January 23, 2006, the Company entered into Change in Control Agreements with two additional officers: Tim Negris and Sandy Gupta.

 

Pursuant to the terms of each Agreement, the Officer agrees that he or she will not voluntarily leave the employ of the Company in the event any individual, corporation, partnership, company or other entity takes certain steps to effect a Change in Control (as defined in the Agreement) of the Company, until the attempt to effect a Change in Control has terminated, or until a Change in Control occurs.

 

If the Officer is still employed by the Company when a Change in Control occurs, any stock, stock option or restricted stock granted to the Officer by the Company that would have become vested upon continued employment by the Officer shall immediately vest in full and become exercisable notwithstanding any provision to the contrary of such grant and shall remain exercisable until it expires or terminates in accordance with its terms.  Each Officer shall be solely responsible for any taxes that arise or become due pursuant to the acceleration of vesting that occurs pursuant to the Agreement.  The adoption of this provision represented a modification to the underlying stock option award for each Officer.  In accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 44, “Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation,” the Company has calculated the intrinsic value of the awards on the modification date which was approximately $2,012,000.  No expense was recognized during the year ended October 31, 2005 and no expense will be recognized until such time that a Change in Control becomes probable.

 

On October 20, 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors approved to allow for 12 months of vesting on stock option awards for employees who are non-executives in the event of a Change in Control.  The adoption of this provision represents a modification to the underlying stock option award and the Company has calculated the intrinsic value of the awards on the modification date, which value was approximately $70,000.  No expense was recognized during the year ended October 31, 2005 and no expense will be recognized until such time that a Change in Control becomes probable.

 

F-25



 

(9) INCOME TAXES

 

The net income (loss) before income taxes consisted of the following components for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 (in thousands):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Domestic U.S. operations

 

$

(10,333

)

$

(21,875

)

$

8,546

 

Foreign operations

 

(120

)

(80

)

(2,345

)

Total

 

$

(10,453

)

$

(21,955

)

$

6,201

 

 

The components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

Current:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. state

 

$

 

$

27

 

$

16

 

Non – U.S.

 

273

 

1,368

 

758

 

 

 

273

 

1,395

 

774

 

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U.S. federal

 

(2,250

)

(13,248

)

1,114

 

U.S. state

 

(334

)

(499

)

42

 

Change in valuation allowance

 

2,584

 

13,747

 

(1,156

)

Total provision for income taxes

 

$

273

 

$

1,395

 

$

774

 

 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities.  They are measured by applying the enacted tax rates and laws in effect for the years in which such differences are expected to reverse.

 

The significant components of the Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities at October 31, 2005 and 2004 are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

Deferred income tax assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Net operating loss carry-forwards

 

$

55,917

 

$

45,580

 

Intangible assets

 

6,486

 

7,299

 

Tax basis in excess of book basis related to acquired assets

 

4,118

 

4,491

 

Reserves and accrued expenses

 

1,502

 

4,862

 

Book depreciation in excess of tax

 

373

 

425

 

Deferred revenue

 

284

 

270

 

Basis difference in investments

 

138

 

151

 

Capital loss carry-forward

 

474

 

4,009

 

Total deferred income tax assets

 

69,292

 

67,087

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Tax on foreign earnings

 

(53

)

(432

)

Total deferred income tax liabilities

 

(53

)

(432

)

Valuation allowance

 

(69,239

)

(66,655

)

Net deferred income tax assets

 

$

 

$

 

 

The amount, and ultimate realization, of the deferred income tax assets is dependent, in part, upon the tax laws in effect, the Company’s future earnings, if any, and other future events, the effects of which cannot be determined.  The Company has established a full valuation allowance against its net deferred income tax assets.  Management believes that as of October 31, 2005, based on a number of

 

F-26



 

factors, the available objective evidence creates sufficient uncertainty regarding the ultimate realizability of these deferred income tax assets, that it is more likely than not that those assets will not be realized.  As of October 31, 2005, the Company has used the enacted federal statutory rate of 35% because the benefit of the deferred income tax assets, if utilized, will likely be realized at 35%.

 

As of October 31, 2005, the Company had net operating loss carry-forwards for federal income tax reporting purposes totaling approximately $144,980,000 that expire between 2019 and 2025.  Approximately $19,371,000 of this amount is a result of the exercise of employee stock options.  When recognized, the tax benefit of these exercises will be accounted for as a credit to additional paid-in capital.

 

The Internal Revenue Code contains provisions that likely could reduce or limit the availability and utilization of net operating loss carry-forwards if certain changes in ownership have taken place or will take place.  Ownership changes have occurred and utilization of the Company’s net operating loss carry-forwards may be limited pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 382 as a result of these ownership changes.

 

The differences between the provision for income taxes at the U.S. statutory rate and the Company’s effective tax rate are as follows:

 

 

 

2005

 

2004

 

2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Provision (benefit) at statutory rate

 

(35.0

)%

(34.0

)%

34.0

%

Other permanent book to tax differences

 

0.2

%

1.9

%

0.2

%

State income taxes, net of federal effect

 

0.0

%

0.0

%

0.3

%

Foreign income taxes

 

2.6

%

6.4

%

12.3

%

Change in fair value of derivative

 

0.0

%

(9.1

)%

(15.6

)%

Change in valuation allowance

 

34.8

%

41.2

%

(18.7

)%

Total provision for income taxes

 

2.6

%

6.4

%

12.5

%

 

(10) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Litigation

 

IBM Corporation

 

On or about March 6, 2003, the Company filed a civil complaint against IBM in the United States District Court for the District of Utah, under the title The SCO Group, Inc. v. International Business Machines Corporation, Civil No. 2:03CV0294.  In this action the Company claims, among other things, that IBM breached its UNIX source code licenses (both the IBM and Sequent Computer Systems, Inc. “Sequent” licenses) by disclosing restricted information concerning the UNIX source code and derivative works and related information in connection with its efforts to promote the Linux operating system.  The Company’s complaint includes, among other things, claims for breach of contract, unfair competition, tortious interference and copyright infringement.  As a result of IBM’s actions, the Company is requesting damages in an amount to be proven at trial and seeking injunctive relief.

 

On or about March 6, 2003, the Company notified IBM that IBM was not in compliance with the Company’s UNIX source code license agreement and on or about June 13, 2003, the Company delivered to IBM a notice of termination of IBM’s UNIX source code license agreement, which underlies IBM’s AIX software.  On or about August 11, 2003, the Company sent a similar notice terminating the Sequent source code license.  IBM disputes the Company’s right to terminate those licenses.  In the event the Company’s termination of those licenses is valid, the Company believes IBM is exposed to substantial damages and injunctive relief claims based on its continued use and distribution of the AIX operating system.  On June 9, 2003, Novell sent the Company a notice purporting to waive the Company’s claims against

 

F-27



 

IBM regarding its license breaches.  The Company does believe that Novell had the right to take any such action relative to the Company’s UNIX source code rights.

 

On February 27, 2004, the Company filed a second amended complaint which alleges nine causes of action that are similar to those set forth above, adds a new claim for copyright infringement and removes the claim for misappropriation of trade secrets.  IBM filed an answer and fourteen counterclaims.  Among other things, IBM has asserted that the Company does not have the right to terminate IBM’s UNIX license and IBM has claimed that the Company has breached the GNU General Public License and has infringed certain patents held by IBM.  IBM’s counterclaims include claims for breach of contract, violation of the Lanham Act, unfair competition, intentional interference with prospective economic relations, unfair and deceptive trade practices, promissory estoppel, patent infringement and a declaratory judgment claim for non-infringement of copyrights.  On October 6, 2005, IBM voluntarily dismissed with prejudice its claims for patent infringement.

 

On February 9, 2005, the Court denied three motions for partial summary judgment that IBM had filed on the Company’s contract claims, on IBM’s eighth counterclaim for copyright infringement, and on IBM’s tenth counterclaim for a declaration of non-infringement of the Company’s copyrights.  The Court denied each of those motions without prejudice to IBM’s renewing or refiling the motions after discovery is complete.  The Court also denied the Company’s motion to stay or dismiss IBM’s tenth counterclaim.  The Court ordered that no further dispositive motions could be filed until the close of discovery.

 

On July 1, 2005, the Court issued a revised Scheduling Order establishing, among other things, discovery and motion deadlines over the next 18 months with a five-week jury trial to commence on February 26, 2007.

 

Pursuant to the Court’s July 1, 2005 Scheduling Order, the Company filed its Interim Disclosure of Material Misused by IBM on October 28, 2005.  The Company’s report includes a matrix that identifies 217 separate technology disclosures that it contends IBM improperly made to enhance Linux in violation of one or more contractual prohibitions governing IBM’s use of the Company’s proprietary material.  The Company continued to review relevant materials, including evidence IBM has produced in discovery, and filed an updated report on December 22, 2005 detailing IBM’s misuse of the Company’s proprietary material.  The Company’s December 22, 2005 report includes 294 total disclosures which the Company claims violate its contractual rights and copyrights.  These reports and the disclosures identified are the result of analysis from experienced outside technical consultants.  Discovery is ongoing in the case as the parties prepare for trial.

 

Novell, Inc.

 

On January 20, 2004, the Company filed suit in Utah state court against Novell, Inc. for slander of title seeking relief for its alleged bad faith effort to interfere with the Company’s ownership of copyrights related to the Company’s UNIX source code and derivative works and the Company’s UnixWare product.  The case is pending in the United States District Court for the District of Utah under the caption, The SCO Group, Inc. v. Novell, Inc., Civil No. 2:04CV00139.  In the lawsuit, the Company requested preliminary and permanent injunctive relief as well as damages.  Through these claims, the Company seeks to require Novell to assign to the Company all copyrights that the Company believes Novell has wrongfully registered, prevent Novell from representing any ownership interest in those copyrights and require Novell to retract or withdraw all representations it has made regarding its purported ownership of those copyrights and UNIX itself.

 

Novell has filed two motions to dismiss claiming, among other things, that Novell’s false statements were not uttered with malice and are privileged under the law.  The Court denied both of Novell’s motions to dismiss.  On July 29, 2005, Novell filed its Answer and Counterclaims against the

 

F-28



 

Company, asserting counterclaims for the Company’s alleged breaches of the Asset Purchase Agreement between Novell and the Company’s predecessor-in-interest, The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., for slander of title, restitution/unjust enrichment, an accounting related to Novell's retained binary royalty stream, and for declaratory relief regarding Novell’s alleged rights under the Asset Purchase Agreement.  On December 6, 2005, a scheduling order was entered by the Court setting a schedule of discovery and motions leading up to a trial in June 2007.  On or about December 30, 2005, the Company filed a motion for leave to amend its complaint to assert additional claims against Novell including copyright infringement, unfair competition and a breach of Novell’s limited license to use the Company’s UNIX code.  Novell has consented to the Company’s filing of these additional claims.  Discovery is commencing in the case.

 

DaimlerChrysler Corporation

 

On or about March 3, 2004, the Company brought suit against DaimlerChrysler Corporation for its alleged violations of its UNIX license agreement with the Company.  The lawsuit alleges that DaimlerChrysler breached its UNIX software agreement by failing to provide an adequate or timely certification of its compliance with that agreement as the Company requested. The lawsuit, filed in Oakland County Circuit Court in the State of Michigan, requests the court to declare that DaimlerChrysler has violated the certification requirements of its UNIX software agreement, permanently enjoin DaimlerChrysler from further violations of the UNIX software agreement, issue a mandatory injunction requiring DaimlerChrysler to remedy the effects of its past violations of the UNIX software agreement and award the Company damages in an amount to be determined at trial together with costs, attorneys’ fees and any such other or different relief that the court may deem to be equitable and just.

 

In response to DaimlerChrysler’s motion to dismiss, the court granted DaimlerChrysler’s motion as to the substance of DaimlerChrysler’s certification, but denied the motion as to whether the certification was timely.  Based on this ruling, the Company filed a motion to stay the case pending the clarification of certain issues in the IBM litigation.  The court denied the motion to stay and based on a stipulation of the parties, the Court signed an order of dismissal without prejudice.  The Appellate Court has dismissed our appeal of the July 21, 2004 ruling finding that the order was not a final, appealable order.

 

AutoZone, Inc.

 

On or about March 2, 2004, the Company brought suit against AutoZone, Inc. for its alleged violations of the Company’s UNIX copyrights through its use of Linux.  The lawsuit alleges copyright infringement by AutoZone by, among other things, running versions of the Linux operating system that contain proprietary material from UNIX System V.  The lawsuit, filed in United States District Court in Nevada, requests injunctive relief against AutoZone’s further use or copying of any part of the Company’s copyrighted materials and also requests damages as a result of AutoZone’s infringement in an amount to be proven at trial.  In response to AutoZone’s motion to transfer the case to Tennessee or stay the case, the Federal Court in Nevada granted AutoZone’s motion to stay the case, with 90-day status reports to the Court, and denied without prejudice AutoZone’s motion to transfer the case to Tennessee.  The Court allowed the parties to take limited expedited discovery relating to the issue of preliminary injunctive relief which discovery was concluded in May 2005.

 

The Company has concluded the initial discovery allowed by the Court and filed its report with the Court on May 27, 2005.  Contrary to AutoZone’s own statements to the Court, the Company found through discovery, including depositions and other admissions of AutoZone, many instances of copying of programs containing the Company’s OpenServer code.  AutoZone has represented that it has now removed all of the Company’s code and proprietary information it copied or used in its migration to Red Hat Linux.  Because AutoZone represents it has removed or otherwise is not using the Company’s code and proprietary information, the Company currently does not intend to move for a preliminary

 

F-29



 

injunction.  AutoZone does not admit that it violated the Company’s rights or caused it damage in that migration process, which are still points of dispute between the parties.  Given the stay issued by the Court in the case, the Company reserves the right to pursue infringement and damages in the future based on these issues and other issues stayed by the Court.

 

IPO Class Action Matter

 

The Company is an issuer defendant in a series of class action lawsuits involving over 300 issuers that have been consolidated under In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, 21 MC 92 (SAS).  The consolidated complaint alleges, among other things, certain improprieties regarding the underwriters’ conduct during the Company’s initial public offering and the failure to disclose such conduct in the registration statement in violation of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

The plaintiffs, the issuers and the insurance companies have negotiated an agreement to settle the dispute between the plaintiffs and the issuers.  All parties, including the plaintiffs, issuers and insurance companies, have executed this settlement agreement and the settlement agreement has been submitted to the Court for approval.  If the settlement agreement is approved by the Court, and if no cross-claims, counterclaims or third-party claims are later asserted, this action will be dismissed with respect to the Company and its directors.

 

The Company has notified its underwriters and insurance companies of the existence of the claims.  Management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of this matter will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position and will not exceed the $200,000 self-insured retention already paid or accrued by the Company.

 

Red Hat, Inc.

 

On August 4, 2003, Red Hat, Inc. filed a complaint against the Company.  The action is pending in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware under the case caption, Red Hat, Inc. v. The SCO Group, Inc., Civil No. 03-772.  Red Hat asserts that the Linux operating system does not infringe on the Company’s UNIX intellectual property rights and seeks a declaratory judgment for non-infringement of copyrights and no misappropriation of trade secrets.  In addition, Red Hat claims the Company has engaged in false advertising in violation of the Lanham Act, deceptive trade practices, unfair competition, tortious interference with prospective business opportunities, trade libel and disparagement.  On April 6, 2004, the Court denied the Company’s motion to dismiss this case; however, the Court stayed the case and requested status reports every 90 days regarding the case against IBM.  Red Hat filed a motion for reconsideration, which the Court denied on March 31, 2005.  The Company intends to vigorously defend this action.  In the event the stay is lifted and Red Hat is allowed to pursue its claims, the Company will likely assert counterclaims against Red Hat.

 

Other Matters

 

In April 2003, the Company’s former Indian distributor filed a claim in India, requesting summary judgment for payment of $1,428,000, and an order that the Company trade in India only through the distributor and/or give a security deposit until the claim is paid.  The distributor claims that the Company is responsible to repurchase certain software products and to reimburse the distributor for certain other operating costs.  Management does not believe that the Company is responsible to reimburse the distributor for any operating costs and also believes that the return rights related to any remaining inventory have lapsed.  The distributor additionally requested that the Indian courts grant interim relief in the form of attachment of local assets.  These requests for interim relief have failed in the court, and discovery has commenced and hearings on the main claims have been held and are ongoing.  The Company intends to vigorously defend this action.

 

F-30



 

Pursuit and defense of the above-mentioned matters will be costly, and management expects the costs for legal fees and related expenses will be substantial.

 

The ultimate outcome or potential negative effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position of the Red Hat, Inc., IPO Class Action, or Indian Distributor matters is neither probable nor estimable.

 

The Company is a party to certain other legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business.  Management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate outcome of these legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

 

Operating Lease Agreements

 

The Company has entered into operating leases for its offices located in the United States and for international sales offices.  The Company has commitments under these leases that extend through the year ending October 31, 2008.  Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of October 31, 2005 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Operating

 

 

 

Leases

 

Year ending October 31,

 

 

 

2006

 

$

1,797

 

2007

 

1,665

 

2008

 

312

 

2009

 

 

2010

 

 

Total minimum payments

 

$

3,774

 

 

Total rent expense for all of the Company’s operating leases was $1,698,000, $3,097,000 and $3,170,000 for the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 

Arrangement with Law Firms

 

On October 31, 2004, the Company entered into an engagement agreement (the “Engagement Agreement”) with Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP, Kevin McBride and Berger Singerman (the “Law Firms”).  This Engagement Agreement supercedes and replaces the original engagement agreement that was entered into in February 2003.  The Engagement Agreement governs the relationship between the Company and the Law Firms in connection with their representation of the Company in the Company’s current litigation between it and IBM, Novell, Red Hat, AutoZone and DaimlerChrysler (the “SCO Litigation”).  The Company’s purpose in entering into the Engagement Agreement was to limit the cash expenditures needed to pursue the above litigation.  The Engagement Agreement provides for the payment of approximately $26,000,000 for attorney fees in connection with the SCO Litigation through the end of the current litigation between the Company and IBM and the escrow of at least $5,000,000 for the payment of any expert, consulting and other expenses.  As of December 1, 2005, the Company had paid all of the $26,000,000.  As of October 31, 2005, $2,875,000 remained in the escrow account and is classified as a component of restricted cash.

 

In addition, the Company must also pay one or more contingency fees upon any amount the Company or its stockholders may receive as a result of a settlement, judgment or a sale of the Company.  The contingency fee amounts payable to the Law Firms will be, subject to certain credits and adjustments, as follows:

 

F-31



 

                    33 percent of any aggregate recovery amounts received up to $350,000,000;

 

                    plus 25 percent of any aggregate recovery amounts above $350,000,000 but less than or equal to $700,000,000;

 

                    plus 20 percent of any aggregate recovery amounts in excess of $700,000,000.

 

The Engagement Agreement specifically provides that, except for the compensation obligations specifically described above, the Company will not be obligated to pay any legal fees, whether hourly, contingent or otherwise, to the Law Firms, or any other law firms that may be engaged by the Law Firms, in connection with the Company’s SCO Litigation through the end of the current litigation between it and IBM, including any appeals.

 

Grants of Unregistered Stock Options; Potential Interest and Penalties Related to Rescission

 

The Company believes certain shares and options granted under its Equity Compensation Plans were issued without complying with registration or qualification requirements under federal securities laws and the securities laws of certain states.  As a result, certain plan participants have a right to rescind their purchases of shares under the Equity Compensation Plans or recover damages if they no longer own the shares or hold unexercised options, subject to applicable statutes of limitations.  Additionally, regulatory authorities may require the Company to pay fines or impose other sanctions.

 

The Company believes certain of its stock option grants made since February 2003 may have also violated applicable securities laws in California, Georgia and possibly other states even though holders have not exercised such options.  Because the options in question have not been exercised, no amounts are recorded in permanent equity.

 

The Company currently does not intend to make a rescission offer to participants who are holding such options.  Since any loss is considered reasonably possible but not estimable, the Company has not recorded a liability for this contingency.

 

The Company may also be required to pay interest and penalties up to statutory limits in connection with Plan participants making rescission claims.  The Company believes that it is reasonably possible that it may be required to pay interest and penalties, but it is not able to estimate an amount.

 

(11) RESTRUCTURINGS

 

Since the year ended October 31, 2001, the Company has undertaken significant restructuring activities to reduce its ongoing cost of operations.  All restructurings that occurred prior to the year ended October 31, 2003 were accounted for in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) No. 94-3, “Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity.”  For restructuring activities initiated beginning with the year ended October 31, 2003, the Company has accounted for one-time termination benefits, contract termination costs and other associated costs in accordance with SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.”  Other severance benefits under ongoing severance plans have been accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 112, “Employers’ Accounting for Postemployment Benefits.” and SFAS No. 88, “Employers’ Accounting for Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Plans and for Termination Benefits.”

 

During the three months ended April 30, 2004, the Company entered into a plan to reduce operating expenses in its UNIX business and eliminated a total of 48 positions and closed one facility.  The total cost associated with this activity was $682,000.  During the three months ended October 31, 2004, the Company entered into another plan to reduce consolidated operating expenses.  Actions in this plan included eliminating a total of 50 positions and closing certain international offices.  The total cost associated with this activity was $2,486,000.

 

F-32



 

Each of the Company’s restructurings have required it to make estimates and assumptions related to losses on vacated facilities, provisions for termination benefits, outplacement costs, and other costs.  The Company records an accrual for any amounts associated with a restructuring that are not paid in the current period and regularly evaluates the adequacy of the accruals based on changes in estimates.

 

In connection with the Company’s restructuring activities, the Company incurred the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

Balance at
November 1, 2004

 

Additions

 

Adjustments

 

Utilization

 

Balance at
October 31, 2005

 

Year Ended October 31, 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ongoing severance and other

 

$

401

 

$

 

$

 

$

(401

)

$

 

 

 

 

Balance at
November 1, 2003

 

Additions

 

Adjustments

 

Utilization

 

Balance at
October 31, 2004

 

Year Ended October 31, 2004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

One-time severance

 

$

 

$

309

 

$

 

$

(309

)

$

 

Ongoing severance and other

 

 

2,071

 

 

(1,670

)

401

 

Facilities

 

348

 

788

 

 

(1,136

)

 

Total

 

$

348

 

$

3,168

 

$

 

$

(3,115

)

$

401

 

 

 

 

Balance at
November 1, 2002

 

Additions

 

Adjustments

 

Utilization

 

Balance at
October 31, 2003

 

Year Ended October 31, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One-time severance

 

$

 

$

198

 

$

 

$

(198

)

$

 

Ongoing severance and other

 

560

 

1,388

 

(273

)*

(1,675

)

 

Facilities

 

2,117

 

 

(815

)*

(954

)

348

 

Total

 

$

2,677

 

$

1,586

 

$

(1,088

)

$

(2,827

)

$

348

 

 


* The facilities adjustment of $815,000 was the result of successfully negotiating out of lease commitments in connection with the Company’s winding down of SCO Group, Ltd and the adjustment for the $273,000 for ongoing severance was for the true-up of previously recorded accruals.

 

(12) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

Effective March 11, 2005, Canopy transferred all of its shares of the Company’s common stock to Ralph Yarro, the Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, and at that time we were no longer a related party to Canopy.

 

On April 30, 2003, the Company and Center 7, Inc. (“C7”) entered into a Marketing and Distribution Master Agreement (the “Marketing Agreement”) and an Assignment Agreement.  On October 2, 2003, C7 assigned the Assignment Agreement to Vintela, Inc. (“Vintela”) and Vintela and the Company entered into a new marketing agreement (the “Vintela Agreement”).  Both C7 and Vintela are majority owned by Canopy.  Under the Vintela Agreement, the Company was appointed as a worldwide distributor for Vintela products to co-brand, market and distribute these products.

 

Under the Assignment Agreement, the Company assigned the copyright applications, patents and contracts related to Volution Manager, Volution Authentication, Volution Online and Volution Manager Update Service (collectively, the “Assigned Software”).  As consideration for this assignment,

 

F-33



 

C7 issued, and Vintela assumed, a $500,000 non-recourse promissory note payable to the Company, secured by the Assigned Software.  This note was originally due on April 30, 2005 with interest payable at a rate of one percent above the prime rate as reported in the Wall Street Journal.

 

In late November 2004, the Company entered into discussions with Vintela with respect to the cancellation of the Marketing Agreement and repayment of the Note.  It was later agreed that once Vintela had received funding from an outside third party, the Company would forego any interest charges on the promissory note in return for an immediate payment of the $500,000.  On December 9, 2004, the Company received the $500,000 payment from Vintela and forgave the outstanding interest charges associated with the promissory note.

 

At the time the promissory note was executed, the Company had no recorded basis in the Assigned Software.  Because the transfer of the Assigned Software was to a related party in exchange for a promissory note and there was substantial doubt concerning the ability of C7 to repay the debt as they were not profitable and being funded by Canopy, no gain was recognized by the Company until payment was received on December 9, 2004.  The Company recorded the $500,000 received as a component of other income in its statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended October 31, 2005.

 

Kevin McBride is a licensed attorney working on the SCO Litigation as part of the Engagement Agreement and is also the brother of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Darl McBride.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, Kevin McBride’s legal fees were paid by Boies, Schiller & Flexner.  Prior to October 31, 2004, Kevin McBride’s costs for both legal fees and reimbursable expenses were paid by Boies, Schiller & Flexner in connection with the initial engagement agreement.

 

As part of the Engagement Agreement entered into on October 31, 2004, the Company started paying directly to Kevin McBride reimbursable expenses associated with the SCO Litigation, which primarily included document management, outsourced technical and litigation assistance, and travel expenses.  During the year ended October 31, 2005, the Company incurred costs of approximately $323,000 for the above-mentioned expenses for Kevin McBride.

 

(13) EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN

 

The Company maintains a 401(k) plan through which eligible participants may elect to make contributions to the plan, subject to certain limitations under the Internal Revenue Code.  Under the terms of the plan, the Company may make discretionary matching contributions up to predetermined limits to partially match employee contributions to the plan.  During the years ended October 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company contributed $208,000, $217,000 and $206,000, respectively, to the plan for matching contributions.

 

(14) CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK

 

As of October 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company had no customers who made up more than 10% of the accounts receivable balance.

 

During the years ended October 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company did not have any single customers that accounted for more than 10% of total revenue.

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, two significant customers, Microsoft and Sun, accounted for approximately 21% and 12% of the Company’s revenue.

 

F-34



 

(15) SEGMENT INFORMATION AND GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS

 

Segments

 

The Company’s resources are allocated and operating results managed to the operating income (loss) level for each of the Company’s segments: UNIX and SCOsource.  Both segments are based on the Company’s UNIX intellectual property.  The UNIX business sells and distributes UNIX products and services through an extensive distribution channel and to corporate end-users and the SCOsource business enforces and protects the Company’s UNIX intellectual property.  Segment disclosures for the Company are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2005

 

 

 

UNIX

 

SCOsource

 

Total

 

Revenue

 

$

35,838

 

$

166

 

$

36,004

 

Cost of revenue

 

5,466

 

12,847

 

18,313

 

Gross margin (deficit)

 

30,372

 

(12,681

)

17,691

 

Sales and marketing

 

11,666

 

154

 

11,820

 

Research and development

 

7,940

 

389

 

8,329

 

General and administrative

 

6,604

 

443

 

7,047

 

Other

 

2,394

 

 

2,394

 

Total operating expenses

 

28,604

  

986

 

29,590

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

$

1,768

 

$

(13,667

)

$

(11,899

)

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2004

 

 

 

UNIX

 

SCOsource

 

Total

 

Revenue

 

$

41,980

 

$

829

 

$

42,809

 

Cost of revenue

 

7,355

 

19,743

 

27,098

 

Gross margin (deficit)

 

34,625

  

(18,914

)

15,711

 

Sales and marketing

 

15,806

 

1,232

 

17,038

 

Research and development

 

10,126

 

486

 

10,612

 

General and administrative

 

7,385

 

241

 

7,626

 

Other

 

9,008

 

 

9,008

 

Total operating expenses

 

42,325

 

1,959

 

44,284

 

Loss from operations

 

$

(7,700

)

$

(20,873

)

$

(28,573

)

 

F-35



 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2003

 

 

 

UNIX

 

SCOsource

 

Total

 

Revenue

 

$

53,408

 

$

25,846

 

$

79,254

 

Cost of revenue

 

10,422

 

9,500

 

19,922

 

Gross margin

 

42,986

 

16,346

 

59,332

 

Sales and marketing

 

24,392

 

 

24,392

 

Research and development

 

11,012

 

 

11,012

 

General and administrative

 

6,230

 

 

6,230

 

Other

 

5,306

  

8,956

 

14,262

 

Total operating expenses

 

46,940

 

8,956

 

55,896

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

$

(3,954

)

$

7,390

 

$

3,436

 

 

Intangible assets, which consist of the Company’s reseller channel, trade name and technology, have been assigned to the Company’s UNIX and SCOsource segments and consist of the following as of October 31, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):  

 

 

 

October 31,
2005

 

October 31,
2004

 

Intangible assets:

 

 

  

 

 

UNIX (reseller channel and trade name)

 

$

2,370

 

$

4,740

 

SCOsource (UNIX technology)

 

337

 

673

 

Total intangible assets

 

$

2,707

 

$

5,413

 

 

Geographic Regions

 

The Company’s two geographic regions consist of the Americas and International.  The International division consists of EMEA (Europe, the Middle East and Africa) and Asia.  Any financial amounts not directly attributable to either the Americas or International geographic region are included in the corporate column.  The following tables present the Company’s results of operations by geographic region (in thousands):

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2005

 

 

 

Americas

 

International

 

Corporate

 

Total

 

Revenue

 

$

18,634

 

$

17,370

 

$

 

$

36,004

 

Cost of revenue

 

15,955

 

2,358

 

 

18,313

 

Gross margin

 

2,679

 

15,012

 

 

17,691

 

Sales and marketing

 

4,505

 

7,315

 

 

11,820

 

Research and development

 

4,331

 

3,998

 

 

8,329

 

General and administrative

 

3,664

 

3,383

 

 

7,047

 

Other

 

 

 

2,394

 

2,394

 

Total operating expenses

 

12,500

 

14,696

 

2,394

 

29,590

 

Loss from operations

 

$

(9,821

)

$

316

 

$

(2,394

)

$

(11,899

)

 

F-36



 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2004

 

 

 

Americas

 

International

 

Corporate

 

Total

 

Revenue

 

$

24,531

 

$

18,278

 

$

 

$

42,809

 

Cost of revenue

 

24,031

 

3,067

 

 

27,098

 

Gross margin

 

500

 

15,211

 

 

15,711

 

Sales and marketing

 

8,072

 

8,966

 

 

17,038

 

Research and development

 

6,215

 

4,397

 

 

10,612

 

General and administrative

 

4,077

 

3,549

 

 

7,626

 

Other

 

 

 

9,008

 

9,008

 

Total operating expenses

 

18,364

 

16,912

 

9,008

 

44,284

 

Loss from operations

 

$

(17,864

)

$

(1,701

)

$

(9,008

)

$

(28,573

)

 

 

 

Year Ended October 31, 2003

 

 

 

Americas

 

International

 

Corporate

 

Total

 

Revenue

 

$

55,130

 

$

24,124

 

$

 

$

79,254

 

Cost of revenue

 

15,435

 

4,487

 

 

19,922

 

Gross margin

 

39,695

 

19,637

 

 

59,332

 

Sales and marketing

 

9,724

 

14,668

 

 

24,392

 

Research and development

 

6,200

 

4,812

 

 

11,012

 

General and administrative

 

3,513

 

2,717

 

 

6,230

 

Other

 

8,956

 

 

5,306

 

14,262

 

Total operating expenses

 

28,393

 

22,197

 

5,306

 

55,896

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

$

11,302

 

$

(2,560

)

$

(5,306

)

$

3,436

 

 

Long-lived assets, which include property and equipment and intangible assets, by geographic region consist of the following as of October 31, 2005 and October 31, 2004 (in thousands):

 

 

 

October 31,
2005

 

October 31,
2004

 

Long-lived assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Americas

 

$

3,231

 

$

5,953

 

International

 

54

 

109

 

Total long-lived assets

 

$

3,285

 

$

6,062

 

 

(16) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

Equity Financing

 

On November 29, 2005, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with several institutional investors and one member of the Company’s board of directors.  The Company sold to the investors 2,852,000 shares of the Company’s common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $10,005,000.  The costs to date to facilitate the private placement of the common stock are approximately $100,000.  The shares issued to the institutional investors were at $3.50 per share and the shares issued to the board member were at $3.92 per share.  Pursuant to the Purchase

 

F-37



 

Agreement, the Company agreed to use its best efforts to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Completion of Rescission Offer

 

In December 2005, the Company offered to rescind a total of 337,289 shares of common stock issued under its ESPP to current and former employees while they resided in any of California, Connecticut, Illinois, New Jersey, Utah, Texas or Washington. These shares represented all of the ESPP shares the Company issued to residents of these states for which a purchaser could claim a rescission right.  The rescission offer was intended to address the Company’s rescission liability relating to its federal and state securities laws compliance issues by allowing the holders of the shares covered by the rescission offer to rescind the underlying securities transactions and sell those securities back to the Company or recover damages, as the case may be.

 

The rescission offer concluded on January 20, 2006.  As of that date, 14 offerees had accepted the Company’s offer to rescind the purchase of approximately 7,300 shares.  The Company plans to make aggregate payments to such offerees of approximately $41,500, which includes approximately $9,700 in applicable statutory interest and damages.  As a result of the rescission offer, the Company believes it has extinguished its state rescission liability and mitigated its federal rescission liability to anyone to whom the rescission offer was made for noncompliance with the registration or qualification requirements of federal and state securities laws as they relate to the shares issued under the ESPP.

 

F-38



 

THE SCO GROUP, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

SCHEDULE II – VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

 

(in thousands)

 

Description

 

Balance at
Beginning of
Period

 

Charged to
Costs and
Expenses

 

Deductions

 

Balance at End of
Period

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended October 31, 2005

 

$

136

 

$

18

 

$

(10

)(a)

$

144

 

Year ended October 31, 2004

 

230

 

11

 

(105

)(a)

136

 

Year ended October 31, 2003

 

348

 

296

 

(414

)(a)

230

 

Inventory reserves:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended October 31, 2005

 

56

 

39

 

(24

)(b)

71

 

Year ended October 31, 2004

 

19

 

59

 

(22

)(b)

56

 

Year ended October 31, 2003

 

115

 

 

(96

)(b)

19

 

Allowance for sales returns:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended October 31, 2005

 

258

 

967

 

(638

)(c)

587

 

Year ended October 31, 2004

 

819

 

489

 

(1,050

)(c)

258

 

Year ended October 31, 2003

 

1,055

 

1,958

 

(2,194

)(c)

819

 

 


(a)          Represents write-offs of uncollectible accounts receivable

(b)         Represents inventory destroyed or scrapped

(c)          Represents product returns

 

F-39



 

 

THE SCO GROUP, INC.

 

2,852,449 SHARES OF COMMON STOCK

 


 

PROSPECTUS

 


 

                        , 2006

 

 



 

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

ITEM 13.  OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

 

The following are the estimated expenses in connection with the distribution of the securities being registered:

 

Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee

 

$

1,205.59

 

 

 

 

 

Legal fees

 

50,000.00

 

 

 

 

 

Accounting fees and expenses

 

45,000.00

 

 

 

 

 

Printing and other expenses

 

5,000.00

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

101,205.59

 

 

All expenses, except the SEC fees, are estimates.

 

The selling stockholders will not bear any portion of the foregoing expenses, but will pay fees in connection with the sale of the common stock in those transactions completed to or through securities brokers and/or dealers in the form of markups, markdowns, or commissions.

 

ITEM 14.  INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

 

The Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate”) of The SCO Group, Inc. (the “Company”) provides that, except to the extent prohibited or limited by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended (the “DGCL”), the Company’s directors shall not be personally liable to the Company or its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as directors of the Company. Under the DGCL, in appropriate circumstances, equitable remedies such as injunctive or other forms of non-monetary relief will remain available. In addition, each director will continue to be subject to liability under the DGCL for breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the Company, for acts or omissions which are found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct, for knowing violations of law, for actions leading to improper personal benefit to the director, and for payment of dividends or approval of stock repurchases or redemptions that are prohibited by the DGCL. This provision also does not affect the director’s responsibilities under any other laws, such as the Federal securities laws or state or Federal environmental laws.

 

Section 145 of the DGCL empowers a corporation to indemnify a person if the person being indemnified acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the person’s conduct was unlawful.  The DGCL provides that the indemnification permitted thereunder shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which the directors may be entitled under the Company’s bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

 

The Certificate and the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) together provide that the Company shall indemnify, to the fullest extended permitted by Section 145 of the DGCL, each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative) by reason of the fact that such person is or was, or has agreed to become, a director or officer of the Company, or is or was serving, or has agreed to serve, at the request of the Company, as a director, officer or trustee of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorney’s fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding.

 

The Certificate and the Bylaws together provide that the Company will pay the expenses of an indemnified party in defending an action or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by the indemnified person to repay such payment if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to indemnification under the DGCL.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Bylaws provide that the Company shall not be required to advance such expenses to a person who is a party to an action, suit or proceeding brought by the Company and approved by a majority of the Board of Directors of the Company which alleges willful misappropriation of corporate assets,

 

II-1



 

disclosure of confidential information in violation of such person’s fiduciary or contractual obligations to the Company or any other willful and deliberate breach in bad faith of such person’s duty to the Company or its stockholders.

 

The Certificate and the Bylaws provide that the Company shall not indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding initiated by such person unless the initiation was approved by the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its executive officers and directors indemnifying such officers and directors, to the fullest extent permitted by law, in relation to any event or occurrence related to the fact that such officer or director is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company, or any subsidiary of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, trustee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise by reason of any action or inaction on the part of such officer or director serving in any capacity set forth in this paragraph.

 

The registrant maintains a policy of liability insurance for its officers and directors.

 

ITEM 15.  RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

 

Private Placement of Common Stock

 

On November 30, 2005, the Company issued 2,852,449 shares of its common stock to the following institutional investors or their affiliates: AmTrust Financial, C P Management, L.L.C., Eton Park Capital Management, Glenhill Capital, Jet Capital Management, and Scoggin Capital Management (the “Institutional Investors”).  The Institutional Investors were all stockholders of the Company prior to issuance of such shares.  In addition, Darcy G. Mott, one of the directors and a stockholder of the Company, also purchased shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with this offering.  Shares were sold to the Institutional Investors for $3.50 per share and to Mr. Mott for $3.92 per share.  Gross proceeds from the sale of such shares were $10,005,000.

 

The Company sold the unregistered, restricted shares of common stock in its private placement in reliance on the exemptions from registration provided by Section 4(2) of, and Rule 506 of Regulation D under, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as a transaction not involving a public offering. In connection with the issuance, each of the participating institutional investors represented that (i) it was an accredited investor as that term is defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act, (ii) that the securities it acquired cannot be resold without registration under the Securities Act, except in reliance upon an exemption therefrom, and (iii) it intended to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to the distribution thereof.  The Company did not engage in any general solicitation or advertisement for the issuance, and it affixed appropriate legends to the certificates representing the shares of common stock issued in the transaction.

 

Issuances under equity compensation plans

 

In addition to the common stock issued under the Company’s 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as described elsewhere in this registration statement, the Company has granted options under its 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan and 2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan without complying with registration or qualification requirements under federal securities laws and the securities laws of certain states.  As a result, certain plan participants have a right to rescind their purchases of shares under the 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, the 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan or the 2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan or recover damages if they no longer own the shares or hold unexercised options, subject to applicable statutes of limitations.  Additionally, regulatory authorities may require the Company to pay fines or impose other sanctions on the Company.

 

Issuance of common shares upon repurchase of Series A-1 shares

 

On May 31, 2004, the Company entered into an agreement with BayStar Capital II, L.P. to repurchase and retire BayStar’s 40,000 shares of Series A-1 Convertible Preferred Stock.  Terms of the agreement required the Company to pay to BayStar $13,000,000 in cash and issue 2,105,263 shares of its common stock.  The repurchase price was payable and issuable upon the effectiveness of a shelf registration statement covering the resale of the shares of common stock that would be issued to BayStar upon the completion of the repurchase.  On July 21, 2004, the SEC declared the registration statement on Form S-3 effective, and as of that date, the transaction closed, all Series A-1 shares were cancelled, and the Company issued to BayStar 2,105,263 shares of common stock.

 

The Company issued the unregistered, restricted shares of common stock (with respect to which the resale was registered as of the closing of the repurchase) in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

On August 27, 2004, following the completion of the Series A-1 repurchase transaction, after which no Series A-1 shares remained outstanding, the Company filed a Certificate of Elimination with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.  The filing terminated the Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of the Company’s Series A-1 shares, eliminating the previously designated Series A-1 shares.

 

Series A and Series A-1 share matters

 

On February 5, 2004, the Company issued 50,000 shares of its Series A-1 shares in exchange for all then outstanding shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock previously issued in its October 2003 private placement. The Company received no additional proceeds from this exchange transaction.

 

Prior to their repurchase as described above in this Item 15, the Series A-1 shares were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to the average closing sales price of its common stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding the date of conversion, provided that in no event could the conversion price be less than $13.50 (as such conversion price and the $13.50 floor price might have been adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends or similar occurrences). The holders of Series A-1 shares had the right to convert their preferred shares into shares of common stock any time at their option, provided they convert enough preferred shares to receive at least 100,000 shares of common stock and subject to certain other limitations. Additionally, the Company could force conversion of the outstanding Series A-1 shares at any time the market price of its common stock exceeded $24.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock

 

II-2



 

dividends or similar occurrences) for 20 consecutive trading days, provided that the Company satisfy certain other requirements. Notwithstanding the foregoing conversion rights, in no event could the number of shares of the Company’s common stock issuable upon the conversion of Series A-1 shares exceed (i) 2,863,135 shares in the aggregate or (ii) cause any holder of Series A-1 shares and its affiliates to beneficially own more than 4.99 percent of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, even though the holders thereof may otherwise be entitled to receive more shares of common stock upon conversion based on the applicable conversion price.

 

The Series A-1 shares generally had the same rights that the Series A shares had, except that the conversion price for the Series A shares was fixed at $16.93 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends or similar occurrences). Also, the holders of Series A-1 shares had certain limited voting rights that they did not previously have as holders of Series A shares.

 

The Company issued the unregistered, restricted shares of Series A-1 shares in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as a transaction involving the exchange with the Company’s then-existing holders of its Series A-1 shares for the previously outstanding Series A shares in which no commission or other remuneration was paid or given directly or indirectly for soliciting such exchange.

 

On April 1, 2004, following the completion of the exchange of the Company’s outstanding Series A shares for Series A-1 shares, after which no Series A shares remained outstanding, the Company filed a Certificate of Elimination with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The filing terminated the Certificate of Designation, Preference and Rights of the Company’s Series A shares, eliminating the previously designated Series A shares.

 

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

 

On October 16, 2003, the Company issued 50,000 shares of its Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to two institutional investors for an aggregate cash offering price of $50,000,000 in connection with a private placement offering. The Company’s net proceeds from the sale of Series A shares were $47,740,000, which included the payment of a $2,000,000 commission to Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., the Company’s financial advisor for this financing transaction.

 

Prior to their exchange for Series A-1 shares as described above, the Series A shares were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of $16.93 per share (which may be adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends or similar occurrences). The holders of the Series A shares had the right to convert their preferred shares into shares of common stock any time at their option, provided they converted enough preferred shares to receive at least 100,000 shares of common stock and subject to certain other limitations. Additionally, the Company could force conversion of the outstanding Series A shares at any time the market price of its common stock exceeded 150 percent of the then prevailing conversion price per share for 20 consecutive trading days, provided that the Company satisfy certain other requirements.

 

The Company sold the unregistered, restricted Series A shares in its private placement in reliance on the exemptions from registration provided by Section 4(2) of, and Rule 506 of Regulation D under, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as a transaction not involving a public offering. In connection with the issuance:

 

                                          each of the two participating institutional investors represented that (i) it was an accredited investor as that term is defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act, (ii) that the securities it acquired cannot be resold without registration under the Securities Act, except in reliance upon an exemption there from, and (iii) it intended to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to the distribution thereof; and

 

                                          the Company did not engage in any general solicitation or advertisement for the issuance, and the Company affixed appropriate legends to the certificates representing the shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock issued in the transaction.

 

Issuance to Vultus

 

In connection with the acquisition of assets from Vultus, the Company issued shares of its common stock to Vultus and its six shareholders in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by 4(2) of the Securities Act and the safe harbor of Regulation D promulgated thereunder.  Each of the Vultus shareholders had held an equity interest in Vultus for some time and was familiar with the business of Vultus prior to the transaction.  In connection with the shareholder approval necessary for the transaction, each Vultus shareholder was provided with an information statement prepared by Vultus that contained a summary of the proposed transaction, the anticipated distribution to each shareholder, a description of the restricted nature of the securities to be received and an information packet concerning the Company.

 

II-3



 

Issuances of Warrants

 

During the year ended October 31, 2003, the Company issued three warrants to Sun Microsystems, Inc. (“Sun”).  The warrants allow Sun to acquire a total of 235,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.83 per share for a term of five years from the date of grant.  The warrants were issued in connection with a SCOsource revenue transaction with Sun, and the Company has recorded the fair value of the warrants of $856,000, as determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, as a warrant outstanding and reduced SCOsource license revenue.  The Company received the $856,000 in cash from Sun in connection with payments received under the terms of the revenue transaction.  Assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate fair value of the warrants were the following: market value of common stock of $2.40, $12.52 and $17.17, respectively, per share; risk-free interest rate of three percent, two percent and two percent, respectively; expected dividend yields of 0 percent; volatility of 236 percent, 137 percent and 126 percent, respectively; and terms of five years.

 

In addition, the Company issued a warrant to a consultant, as part of an agreement to assist the Company with its SCOsource licensing initiative.  The warrant allows the consultant to acquire 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $8.50 per share for a term of two years from the date of the agreement.  The Company has recorded the fair value of the warrant of $243,000, as determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, as a warrant outstanding and included this cost as a cost of SCO source licensing revenue.  Assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value were the following: market value of common stock of $12.84 per share; risk-free interest rate of two percent; expected dividend yield of 0 percent; volatility of 143 percent; and a term of two years.

 

Both of these warrants were issued pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

ITEM 16.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

 

(a)           Exhibits

 

2.1

 

Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Caldera Systems, Inc., Caldera International, Inc., now known as The SCO Group, Inc. (the “Registrant”), and The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., and related amendments (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on
Form S-4 (File No. 333-45936)).

 

 

 

3.1

 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Caldera International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.2

 

Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation regarding consolidation of outstanding shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.3

 

Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation regarding change of name to The SCO Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.4

 

Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.5

 

Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock  (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.6

 

Certificate of Correction correcting the Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock

 

II-4



 

 

 

 

(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.1

 

Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.2

 

Rights Agreement dated as of August 10, 2004 by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.1

 

Opinion of Dorsey & Whitney LLP.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.1*

 

1998 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-94351)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.2*

 

Amendment No. 1 to 1998 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.3*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 1998 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.4*

 

1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibits 10.4 through 10.8 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-45936)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.5*

 

Amendment No. 5 to 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.6*

 

Amendment No. 6 to 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.7*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.8*

 

2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-45936)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.9*

 

Amendment No. 2 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.10*

 

Amendment No. 3 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911).

 

 

II-5



 

 

10.11*

 

Amendment No. 4 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.12*

 

Amendment No. 5 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.13*

 

2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.14*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2006 (File No. 000-29911).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.15

 

Office Sublease Agreement by and among the Registrant, Canopy Properties, Inc. and Gateway Technology Center, LLC, dated January 10, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.16

 

First Amendment to Office Sublease Agreement by and among the Registrant and Canopy Properties, Inc., dated September 15, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.17

 

Engagement Letter by and among the Registrant and Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated August 16, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.18

 

First Amendment to Engagement Letter by and among the Registrant and Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated February 13, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.19

 

Second Amendment to Engagement Letter by and among the Registrant and Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated August 16, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.20

 

Warrant to Purchase Shares of Common Stock issued by the Registrant to Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated August 16, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.21

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, Sun Microsystems, Inc., dated March 11, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.22

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, Sun Microsystems, Inc., dated July 31, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.23

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, Sun Microsystems, Inc., dated October 31, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.24

 

Independent Contractor Agreement by and among the Registrant and S2 Strategic Consulting, LLC, dated July 1, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.25

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, S2 Strategic Consulting, LLC, dated July 1, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

II-6



 

 

10.26*

 

Severance Agreement between Ransom H. Love and Caldera International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2002 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.27

 

Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of October 16, 2003 between the Registrant and the persons listed therein as Purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.28

 

Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 16, 2003 between the Registrant and the persons listed therein as Purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.29

 

Letter Agreement dated December 8, 2003 among the Registrant, BayStar Capital II, L.P., Royal Bank of Canada and Acknowledged by Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 9, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.30

 

Asset Purchase Agreement dated June 6, 2003 between the Registrant and Vultus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-106885)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.31

 

Exchange Agreement dated as of February 5, 2004 among SCO, BayStar Capital II, L.P. and Royal Bank of Canada (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to SCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 9, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.32

 

Stock Repurchase Agreement dated as of May 31, 2004 between the Registrant and BayStar (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.33

 

Letter Agreement dated October 31, 2004 among Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP, Kevin McBride, Berger Singerman and SCO (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 4, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.34*

 

2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.35*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to SCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 15, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.36*

 

Form of Executive Officer Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.37*

 

The SCO Group Employee Incentive Bonus Program for Fiscal Year 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2006 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.38*

 

Form of Change in Control Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.39*

 

Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-3 on Form S-1 filed on May 18, 2005 (File No. 333-116732)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.40

 

Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of November 29, 2005 among the Registrant and the persons listed therein as Purchasers (previously filed).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.41*

 

America Sales Compensation Plan for Fiscal Year 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2006 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.42*

 

Summary Sheet of Compensation of Named Executive Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.43*

 

Summary Sheet of Compensation of Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 5, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

II-7



 

21.1

 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

23.1

 

Consent of Tanner LC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

 

 

23.2

 

Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

 

 

23.3

 

Consent of Dorsey & Whitney LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1).

 

 

 

24.1

 

Power of Attorney (previously filed).

 


* These items identify a management contract or compensatory plan.

 

 

ITEM 17.  UNDERTAKINGS.

 

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

 

(1)                                  To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

(i)                                     To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

 

(ii)                                  To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the change in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;

 

(iii)                               To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

 

Provided, however, that paragraphs (i) and (ii) do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3, Form S-8 or Form
F-3, and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.

 

(2)                                  That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(3)                                  To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.  In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

II-8



 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Lindon, State of Utah, on March 1, 2006.

 

 

 

THE SCO GROUP, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

By:

 /s/ Darl C. McBride

 

 

Darl C. McBride

 

 

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

 

Title

 

Date

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Darl C. McBride

 

 

 

 

Darl C. McBride

 

President, Chief Executive Officer and
Director (Principal Executive Officer)

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

/s/ Bert B. Young

 

 

 

 

Bert B. Young

 

Chief Financial Officer and Principal
Accounting Officer (Principal Financial
and Accounting Officer)

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

Ralph J. Yarro III

 

Chairman of the Board of Directors

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

Darcy G. Mott

 

Director

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

Edward E. Iacobucci

 

Director

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

R. Duff Thompson

 

Director

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

Daniel W. Campbell

 

Director

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

Omar T. Leeman

 

Director

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

J. Kent Millington

 

Director

 

March 1, 2006

 

 

 

 

 


*By:

/s/ Bert B. Young

 

 

 

 

 

Bert B. Young

 

 

 

 

 

Attorney-in-fact

 

 

 

 

 



 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

2.1

 

Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Caldera Systems, Inc., Caldera International, Inc., now known as The SCO Group, Inc. (the “Registrant”), and The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., and related amendments (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on
Form S-4 (File No. 333-45936)).

 

 

 

3.1

 

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Caldera International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.2

 

Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation regarding consolidation of outstanding shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.3

 

Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation regarding change of name to The SCO Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.4

 

Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.5

 

Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

3.6

 

Certificate of Correction correcting the Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

4.1

 

Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A12G/A (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

4.2

 

Rights Agreement dated as of August 10, 2004 by and between the Company and Computershare Trust Company, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

5.1

 

Opinion of Dorsey & Whitney LLP.

 

 

 

10.1*

 

1998 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-94351)).

 

 

 

10.2*

 

Amendment No. 1 to 1998 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.3*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 1998 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.4*

 

1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibits 10.4 through 10.8 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-45936)).

 

 

 

10.5*

 

Amendment No. 5 to 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.6*

 

Amendment No. 6 to 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 



 

10.7*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 1999 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.8*

 

2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-45936)).

 

 

 

10.9*

 

Amendment No. 2 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.10*

 

Amendment No. 3 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911).

 

 

 

10.11*

 

Amendment No. 4 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.12*

 

Amendment No. 5 to 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.13*

 

2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended July 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.14*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 2002 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2006 (File No. 000-29911).

 

 

 

10.15

 

Office Sublease Agreement by and among the Registrant, Canopy Properties, Inc. and Gateway Technology Center, LLC, dated January 10, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.16

 

First Amendment to Office Sublease Agreement by and among the Registrant and Canopy Properties, Inc., dated September 15, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.17

 

Engagement Letter by and among the Registrant and Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated August 16, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.18

 

First Amendment to Engagement Letter by and among the Registrant and Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated February 13, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.19

 

Second Amendment to Engagement Letter by and among the Registrant and Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated August 16, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.20

 

Warrant to Purchase Shares of Common Stock issued by the Registrant to Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., dated August 16, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.21

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, Sun Microsystems, Inc., dated March 11, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.22

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, Sun

 



 

 

 

Microsystems, Inc., dated July 31, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.23

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, Sun Microsystems, Inc., dated October 31, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.24

 

Independent Contractor Agreement by and among the Registrant and S2 Strategic Consulting, LLC, dated July 1, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.25

 

Common Stock Warrant issued by the Registrant to, and accepted and agreed to by, S2 Strategic Consulting, LLC, dated July 1, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.26*

 

Severance Agreement between Ransom H. Love and Caldera International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2002 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.27

 

Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of October 16, 2003 between the Registrant and the persons listed therein as Purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.28

 

Registration Rights Agreement dated as of October 16, 2003 between the Registrant and the persons listed therein as Purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 17, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.29

 

Letter Agreement dated December 8, 2003 among the Registrant, BayStar Capital II, L.P., Royal Bank of Canada and Acknowledged by Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 9, 2003 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.30

 

Asset Purchase Agreement dated June 6, 2003 between the Registrant and Vultus, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-106885)).

 

 

 

10.31

 

Exchange Agreement dated as of February 5, 2004 among SCO, BayStar Capital II, L.P. and Royal Bank of Canada (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to SCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 9, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.32

 

Stock Repurchase Agreement dated as of May 31, 2004 between the Registrant and BayStar (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.33

 

Letter Agreement dated October 31, 2004 among Boies, Schiller & Flexner LLP, Kevin McBride, Berger Singerman and SCO (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 4, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.34*

 

2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.35*

 

Form Notice of Grant of Stock Options for 2004 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to SCO’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 15, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.36*

 

Form of Executive Officer Stock Option Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.37*

 

The SCO Group Employee Incentive Bonus Program for Fiscal Year 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2006 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.38*

 

Form of Change in Control Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2004 (File No. 000-29911)).

 



 

10.39*

 

Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-3 on Form S-1 filed on May 18, 2005 (File No. 333-116732)).

 

 

 

10.40

 

Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of November 29, 2005 among the Registrant and the persons listed therein as Purchasers (previously filed).

 

 

 

10.41*

 

America Sales Compensation Plan for Fiscal Year 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2006 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.42*

 

Summary Sheet of Compensation of Named Executive Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

10.43*

 

Summary Sheet of Compensation of Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 5, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

21.1

 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2005 (File No. 000-29911)).

 

 

 

23.1

 

Consent of Tanner LC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

 

 

23.2

 

Consent of KPMG LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

 

 

23.3

 

Consent of Dorsey & Whitney LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1).

 

 

 

24.1

 

Power of Attorney (previously filed).

 


* These items identify a management contract or compensatory plan.