Note 1 - General

6 Months Ended

Sep. 24, 2022

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

NOTE 1 – GENERAL

Description of Business: Transcat, Inc. (“Transcat,” “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company”) is a leading provider of accredited calibration services, enterprise asset management services, and value-added distributor of professional grade handheld test, measurement and control instrumentation. The Company is focused on providing services and products to highly regulated industries, particularly the life science industry, which includes pharmaceutical, biotechnology, medical device and other FDA-regulated businesses. Additional industries served include industrial manufacturing; energy and utilities, including oil and gas; chemical manufacturing; FAA-regulated businesses, including aerospace and defense and other industries that require accuracy in their processes, confirmation of the capabilities of their equipment, and for which the risk of failure is very costly.

Basis of Presentation: Transcat’s unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, the Consolidated Financial Statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) have been included. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of what the results will be for the fiscal year. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the fiscal year ended  March 26, 2022 (“fiscal year 2022”) contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year 2022 filed with the SEC.

Revenue Recognition: Distribution sales are recorded when an order’s title and risk of loss transfers to the customer, which is generally upon shipment. The Company recognizes the majority of its Service revenue based upon when the calibration or other activity is performed and then shipped and/or delivered to the customer. The majority of the Company’s revenue generating activities have a single performance obligation and are recognized at the point in time when control transfers and/or our obligation has been fulfilled. Some Service revenue is generated from managing customers’ calibration programs in which the Company recognizes revenue over time using the output method-time elapsed as this portrays the transfer of control to the customer. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for product shipped or services performed. Sales taxes and other taxes billed and collected from customers are excluded from revenue. The Company generally invoices its customers for freight, shipping, and handling charges. Freight billed to customers is included in revenue. Shipping and handling is not included in revenue. Provisions for customer returns are provided for in the period the related revenue is recorded based upon historical data.

Under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, we use judgments that could potentially impact both the timing of our satisfaction of performance obligations and our determination of transaction prices used in determining revenue recognized. Such judgments include considerations in determining our transaction prices and when our performance obligations are satisfied for our standard product sales that include general payment terms that are between net 30 and 90 days.

Revenue recognized from prior period performance obligations for the second quarter of the fiscal year ending March 25, 2023 (“fiscal year 2023”) was immaterial. As of September 24, 2022, the Company had no unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of greater than one year. Pursuant to Topic 606, the Company applied the practical expedient with respect to disclosure of the deferral and future expected timing of revenue recognition for transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations. Deferred revenue, unbilled revenue and deferred contract costs recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 24, 2022 and March 26, 2022 were immaterial. See Note 4 for disaggregated revenue information.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments: Transcat has determined the fair value of debt and other financial instruments using a valuation hierarchy. The hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value, consists of three levels. Level 1 uses observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2 uses inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, which is defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, requires the Company to develop its own assumptions. The carrying amount of debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets approximates fair value due to variable interest rate pricing on a portion of the debt with the balance bearing an interest rate approximating current market rates, and the carrying amounts for cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Investment assets, which fund the Company’s non-qualified deferred compensation plan, consist of mutual funds and are valued based on Level 1 inputs. At each of September 24, 2022 and March 26, 2022, investment assets totaled $0.2 million, and are included as a component of other assets (non-current) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Stock-Based Compensation: The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for all equity awards granted, including stock options and restricted stock units, based on the fair market value of the award as of the grant date. The Company records compensation cost related to unvested equity awards by recognizing, on a straight-line basis, the unamortized grant date fair value over the remaining service period of each award. Excess tax benefits for share-based award activity are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income as a component of the provision for income taxes. Excess tax benefits are realized benefits from tax deductions for exercised awards in excess of the deferred tax asset attributable to stock-based compensation costs for such awards. The Company did not capitalize any stock-based compensation costs as part of an asset. The Company estimates forfeiture rates based on its historical experience. During the first six months of fiscal year 2023 and fiscal year 2022, the Company recorded non-cash stock-based compensation expense of $1.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions: The accounts of Cal OpEx Limited (d/b/a NEXA Enterprise Asset Management), an Irish company, and Transcat Canada Inc., both of which are wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company, are maintained in the local currencies, the Euro and the Canadian dollar, respectively, and have been translated to U.S. dollars. Accordingly, the amounts representing assets and liabilities have been translated at the period-end rates of exchange and related revenue and expense accounts have been translated at an average rate of exchange during the period. Gains and losses arising from translation of Cal OpEx Limited’s and Transcat Canada Inc.’s financial statements into U.S. dollars are recorded directly to the accumulated other comprehensive loss component of shareholders’ equity.

Transcat records foreign currency gains and losses on business transactions denominated in foreign currency. The net foreign currency loss was less than $0.1 million in each of the first six months of fiscal year 2023 and fiscal year 2022. The Company continually utilizes short-term foreign exchange forward contracts to reduce the risk that its future earnings denominated in Canadian dollars would be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates. The Company does not apply hedge accounting and therefore the net change in the fair value of the contracts, which totaled a gain of $0.3 million and less than $0.1 million during the first six months of fiscal years 2023 and 2022, respectively, was recognized as a component of Other Expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The change in the fair value of the contracts is offset by the change in fair value on the underlying accounts receivables denominated in Canadian dollars being hedged. On September 24, 2022, the Company had a foreign exchange contract, which matured in October 2022, outstanding in the notional amount of $3.9 million. This contract was subsequently renewed and remains in place. The Company does not use hedging arrangements for speculative purposes.

Earnings Per Share: Basic earnings per share of common stock is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share of common stock reflect the assumed conversion of stock options and unvested restricted stock units using the treasury stock method in periods in which they have a dilutive effect. In computing the per share effect of assumed conversion, proceeds received from the exercise of options and unvested restricted stock units are considered to have been used to purchase shares of common stock at the average market prices during the period, and the resulting net additional shares of common stock are included in the calculation of average shares of common stock outstanding.

For the second quarter of fiscal year 2023 and fiscal year 2022, the net additional common stock equivalents had no effect on the calculation of diluted earnings per share. For the first six months of fiscal year 2023, the net additional common stock equivalents had a ($0.01) effect on the calculation of diluted earnings per share. For the first six months of fiscal year 2022, the net additional common stock equivalents had a ($0.02) effect on the calculation of diluted earnings per share. The average shares outstanding used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows (amounts in thousands):

	Second Quarter Ended				Six Months Ended
	September 24,		September 25,		September 24,		September 25,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Average Shares Outstanding – Basic		7,550		7,482		7,542		7,473
Effect of Dilutive Common Stock Equivalents		96		113		93		105
Average Shares Outstanding – Diluted		7,646		7,595		7,635		7,578
Anti-dilutive Common Stock Equivalents		166		111		166		131

Goodwill and Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair values of the underlying net assets of an acquired business. The Company tests goodwill for impairment for each reporting unit on an annual basis during the fourth quarter of its fiscal year, or immediately if conditions indicate that such impairment could exist. The Company is permitted, but not required, to qualitatively assess indicators of a reporting unit’s fair value to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. If a quantitative test is deemed necessary, a discounted cash flow analysis is prepared to estimate fair value.

Intangible assets, namely customer base and covenants not to compete, represent an allocation of purchase price to identifiable intangible assets of an acquired business. Intangible assets are evaluated for impairment when events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable. A summary of changes in the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets is as follows (amounts in thousands):

	Goodwill								Intangible Assets
	Distribution		Service			Total			Distribution			Service			Total
Net Book Value as of March 26, 2022	$	11,458	$	53,616		$	65,074		$	647		$	14,045		$	14,692
Additions		-		1,783			1,783			-			2,434			2,434
Measurement Period Adjustments		-		(202	)		(202	)		-			-			-
Amortization		-		-			-			(101	)		(2,130	)		(2,231	)
Currency Translation Adjustment		-		(537	)		(537	)		-			(15	)		(15	)
Net Book Value as of September 24, 2022	$	11,458	$	54,660		$	66,118		$	546		$	14,334		$	14,880

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements: In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), which significantly changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The ASU replaces the "incurred loss" model with an "expected credit loss" model that requires entities to estimate an expected lifetime credit loss on financial assets, including trade accounts receivable. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. Allowance for doubtful accounts is the most significant item for the Company under this ASU. As credit losses from the Company's trade receivables have not historically been significant, the Company anticipates that the adoption of the ASU will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.