Exhibit 5.1

+1 202 663 6000 (t)

+1 202 663 6363 (f)

www.wilmerhale.com

November 21, 2022

Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. 

168 Third Avenue 

Waltham, Massachusetts 02451

Re: 3.200% Senior Notes due 2026 and 3.650% Senior Notes due 2034

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as U.S. counsel for Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the offer and sale by the Company of €500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 3.200% Senior Notes due 2026 and €750,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 3.650% Senior Notes due 2034 (collectively, the “Notes”) pursuant to an underwriting agreement dated November 14, 2022 (the “Underwriting Agreement”) among the Company, Citigroup Global Markets Limited, Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch and Merrill Lynch International and the several other underwriters named in Schedule A to the Underwriting Agreement. The Notes will be issued pursuant to an Indenture dated as of November 20, 2009 (the “Base Indenture”) between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the “Trustee”), as supplemented by the Twenty-Fifth Supplemental Indenture of even date herewith (the “Supplemental Indenture” and together with the Base Indenture, the “Indenture”), between the Company and the Trustee, and will be subject to the Paying Agency Agreement (the “Paying Agency Agreement”), dated as of November 21, 2022, between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, London Branch, as paying agent.

As such counsel, we have assisted in the preparation and filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) of the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-263034) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), on February 25, 2022 (the “Registration Statement”), including the prospectus dated February 25, 2022 (the “Base Prospectus”), as supplemented by the preliminary prospectus supplement dated November 14, 2022 (the “Preliminary Prospectus Supplement”), and the prospectus supplement dated November 14, 2022 (the “Prospectus Supplement”).

We have examined and relied upon corporate or other proceedings of the Company regarding the authorization, execution and delivery of the Indenture, the Paying Agency Agreement, the Underwriting Agreement and the issuance of the Notes, the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, the Preliminary Prospectus Supplement and the Prospectus Supplement. We have also examined and relied upon originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such other corporate records of the Company, such other agreements and instruments, certificates of public officials, officers of the Company and other persons, and such other documents, instruments and certificates as we have deemed necessary as a basis for the opinions hereinafter expressed. 

Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr llp, 1875 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006

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Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.

November 21, 2022 

Page 2 

In our examination of the documents referred to above, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of all signatories, the authenticity and completeness of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies, the authenticity of such original documents, and the completeness and accuracy of the corporate minute books of the Company.

We are expressing no opinion herein as to the application of any federal or state law or regulation to the power, authority or competence of any party to any agreement with respect to any of the Notes other than the Company. We have assumed that such agreements are the valid and binding obligations of each party thereto other than the Company, and enforceable against each such other party in accordance with their respective terms.

In rendering the opinions set forth below, we have relied as to certain matters on information obtained from public officials and officers of the Company, and we have assumed (i) the due execution and delivery, pursuant to due authorization, of the Indenture by the Trustee; (ii) that the Trustee has the power, corporate or other, to enter into and perform its obligations under the Indenture; (iii) that the Indenture will be a valid and binding obligation of the Trustee; (iv) that the Paying Agency Agreement will be a valid and binding obligation of The Bank of New York Mellon, London Branch; and (v) that the Trustee shall have been qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended. We have also assumed the due authentication of the Notes by the Trustee.

We have assumed for purposes of our opinions below that no authorization, approval or other action by, and no notice to or filing with, any governmental authority or regulatory body or any other third party is required for the due execution, delivery or performance by the Company of the Indenture or the Notes or, if any such authorization, approval, consent, action, notice or filing is required, it will have been duly obtained, taken, given or made and will be in full force and effect.

Our opinion below is qualified to the extent that it may be subject to or affected by (i) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, usury, fraudulent conveyance or similar laws relating to or affecting the rights or remedies of creditors generally, (ii) duties and standards imposed on creditors and parties to contracts, including, without limitation, requirements of materiality, good faith, reasonableness and fair dealing, (iii) general equitable principles, and (iv) acceleration of the Notes which may affect the collectability of that portion of the stated principal amount thereof that might be determined to constitute unearned interest thereon. Furthermore, we express no opinion as to the availability of any equitable or specific remedy upon any breach of the Indenture or the Notes, or to the successful assertion of any equitable defenses, inasmuch as the availability of such remedies or the success of any equitable defenses may be subject to the discretion of a court. We also express no opinion herein as to the laws of any state or jurisdiction other than the state laws of the State of New York and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. We also express no opinion herein with respect to compliance by the Company with securities or “blue sky” laws of any state or other jurisdiction of the United States or of any foreign jurisdiction. We express no opinion and make no statement herein with respect to the antifraud laws of any jurisdiction. 

Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. 

November 21, 2022 

Page 3

We also express no opinion herein as to any provision of any agreement (i) that may be deemed to or construed to waive any right of the Company; (ii) to the effect that rights and remedies are not exclusive, that every right or remedy is cumulative and may be exercised in addition to or with any other right or remedy and does not preclude recourse to one or more other rights or remedies; (iii) relating to the effect of invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of any agreement on the validity or enforceability of any other provision thereof; (iv) that is in violation of public policy; (v) relating to indemnification and contribution with respect to securities law matters; (vi) that provides that the terms of any agreement may not be waived or modified except in writing; (vii) purporting to indemnify any person against his, her or its own negligence or intentional misconduct; (viii) requiring the payment of penalties, consequential damages or liquidated damages; or (ix) relating to choice of law or consent to jurisdiction.

On the basis of, and subject to, the foregoing, we are of the opinion that when the Notes have been duly executed by the Company and have been duly authenticated by the Trustee in accordance with the terms of the Indenture and delivered to the purchasers thereof against payment of the consideration therefor duly approved by the Company, the Notes will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

Please note that we are opining only as to the matters expressly set forth herein, and no opinion should be inferred as to any other matters. This opinion is based upon currently existing statutes, rules, regulations and judicial decisions, and we disclaim any obligation to advise you of any change in any of these sources of law or subsequent legal or factual developments that might affect any matters or opinions set forth herein.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K to be filed on the date hereof, which Form 8-K will be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act and to the use of our name therein and in the related Prospectus and in any prospectus supplement under the caption “Legal Matters.” In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission. 

Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. 

November 21, 2022 

Page 4 

Very truly yours,

/s/ WILMER CUTLER PICKERING HALE AND DORR LLP

WILMER CUTLER PICKERING HALE AND DORR LLP