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Income taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Provision for Income Taxes from Continuing Operations
The following table summarizes the components of the provision for income taxes from continuing operations:
201920182017
(Dollars in thousands)
Current:
Federal$19,374  $(1,525) $133,621  
State8,220  1,432  5,213  
Non-U.S.23,690  29,353  35,444  
Deferred:
Federal(2,041) (5,124) (258,247) 
State(28,277) (5,114) 1,459  
Non-U.S.(143,044) 4,174  212,158  
$(122,078) $23,196  $129,648  
Summaries of U.S. and Non-U.S. Components of Income from Continuing Operations Before Taxes
The following table summarizes the U.S. and non-U.S. components of income from continuing operations before taxes:
201920182017
(Dollars in thousands)
U.S.$89,021  $37,201  $37,528  
Non-U.S.250,882  182,427  247,383  
$339,903  $219,628  $284,911  
Reconciliations Between Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate and Effective Income Tax Rate
Reconciliations between the statutory federal income tax rate and the effective income tax rate are as follows:
201920182017
Federal statutory rate21.0 %21.0 %35.0 %
Tax effect of international items(11.3) (3.3) (25.7) 
Impacts of the TCJA—  (1.0) 37.9  
Legal entity merger - deferred taxes(1)
(38.0) —  —  
Excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation(4.5) (7.2) (2.3) 
State taxes, net of federal benefit(4.9) (0.1) 0.1  
Uncertain tax contingencies—  (0.4) (1.8) 
Contingent consideration3.4  5.3  0.4  
Intellectual property impairment charge—  (2.0) —  
Research and development tax credit(1.1) (1.6) (0.8) 
Other, net(0.5) (0.1) 2.7  
(35.9)%10.6 %45.5 %
(1) During 2019, we recognized a discrete tax benefit of $129 million resulting from a non-U.S. legal entity restructuring that eliminated the requirement to provide for withholding taxes on the future repatriation of certain non-permanently reinvested earnings.
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The following table summarizes significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018:
20192018
(Dollars in thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Tax loss and credit carryforwards$174,997  $234,940  
Lease assets28,577  —  
Pension14,971  19,972  
Reserves and accruals60,799  68,767  
Other3,207  3,267  
Less: valuation allowances(119,233) (143,971) 
Total deferred tax assets163,318  182,975  
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment23,053  24,315  
Intangibles — stock acquisitions441,079  541,445  
Unremitted non-U.S. earnings81,967  218,769  
Lease liabilities28,577  —  
Other22,628  4,221  
Total deferred tax liabilities597,304  788,750  
Net deferred tax liability$(433,986) $(605,775) 
Uncertain Tax Positions for Liabilities Associated with Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Uncertain Tax Positions: The following table is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:
 
201920182017
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at January 1
$8,106  $9,336  $15,054  
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior years
351  —  —  
Decrease in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior years
(201) —  —  
Unrecognized tax benefits related to the current year
1,237  899  895  
Reductions in unrecognized tax benefits due to settlements
—  —  —  
Reductions in unrecognized tax benefits due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations
(1,881) (1,955) (6,813) 
Increase (decrease) in unrecognized tax benefits due to foreign currency translation
(51) (174) 200  
Balance at December 31
$7,561  $8,106  $9,336  
Examinations by Major Tax Jurisdictions
The taxable years for which the applicable statute of limitations remains open by major tax jurisdictions are as follows:
 BeginningEnding
U.S.20162019
Canada20152019
China20142019
Czech Republic20162019
France20172019
Germany20112019
India20022019
Ireland20152019
Italy20152019
Malaysia20152019
Singapore20152019
Schedule of Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures, Income Tax
Supplemental cash flow information
Year Ended December 31,
201920182017
(Dollars in thousands)
Income taxes paid, net of refunds$73,632  $65,605  $49,144