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2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
2.                     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation:

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, and include the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Revenue Recognition:

Revenues are recognized at the time of shipment to, or acceptance by the customer, provided title and risk of loss is transferred to the customer.  Provisions, when appropriate, are made where the right to return exists.

Revenues for repairs and calibrations of the Company’s products represent 7.4% and 10.1% of revenues for the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. These revenues are for units that are periodically returned for annual calibrations and/or for repairs after the warranty period has expired. The Company does not recognize any revenue from repairs and calibrations when the units are originally shipped. Revenues on repairs and calibrations are recognized at time the repaired or calibrated unit is shipped as it is at this time that the work is completed. The Company’s terms are F.O.B. Plant, and as such, delivery has occurred, and revenue recognized, when picked up and acknowledged by a common carrier.

Due to the unique nature of the Intermediate Level TACAN Test Set (“ITATS”) contract, wherein a significant portion of this contract will not be delivered for over a year, revenues under this contract are recognized on a percentage-of-completion basis, which recognizes sales and profit as they are earned, rather than at the time of shipment.  Revenues and profits are estimated using the cost-to-cost method of accounting where revenues are recognized and profits recorded based upon the ratio of costs incurred to estimate of total costs at completion. The ratio of costs incurred to date to the estimate of total costs at completion is applied to the contract value to determine the revenues and profits. When adjustments in estimated contract revenues or estimated costs at completion are required, any changes from prior estimates are recognized by recording adjustments in the current period for the inception-to-date effect of the changes on current and prior periods. The Company also receives progress billings on this program, which is a funding mechanism by the government to assist contractors on long-term contracts prior to delivery. These progress payments are applied to Unbilled Government Receivables resulting from revenues recognized under percentage-of-completion accounting.

Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are classified as sales, and the shipping and handling costs incurred are included in cost of sales.

Payments received prior to the delivery of units or services performed are recorded as deferred revenues.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments:

The Company estimates that the fair value of all financial instruments at March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011, as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 825 “Financial Instruments”, does not differ materially, except for the items discussed below, from the aggregate carrying values of its financial instruments recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value.

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011 for cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate the fair value because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments.  Each reporting period we evaluate market conditions including available interest rates, credit spreads relative to our credit rating and liquidity in estimating the fair value of our debt. After considering such market conditions, we estimate that the fair value of debt approximates its carrying value.

Concentrations of Credit Risk:

Cash held in banks: The Company maintains cash balances at a financial institution that is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to federally insured limits. At times balances may exceed FDIC insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Accounts Receivable: The Company’s avionics customer base is primarily comprised of airlines, distributors, and the U.S. Government. As of March 31, 2012, the Company believes it has no significant risk related to its concentration within its accounts receivable.

Unbilled Government Receivables:

Unbilled government receivables represent unbilled costs primarily related to revenues on our long-term ITATS contract that have been recognized on a percentage-of-completion basis for accounting purposes, but not yet billed to customers. This amount is offset partially by performance-based billings and progress billings that are charged as an offset to the related receivables balance.

Inventories:

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market.  Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis.  Inventories are written down if the estimated net realizable value is less than the recorded value. The Company reviews the carrying cost of inventories by product to determine the adequacy of reserves for obsolescence. In accounting for inventories, the Company must make estimates regarding the estimated realizable value of inventory. The estimate is based, in part, on the Company’s forecasts of future sales and age of inventory. In accordance with industry practice, service parts inventory is included in current assets, although service parts are carried for established requirements during the serviceable lives of the products and, therefore, not all parts are expected to be sold within one year.

Equipment and Leasehold Improvements:

Office and manufacturing equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation and amortization are provided on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from 3 to 8 years.

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the term of the lease or the useful life of the asset, whichever is shorter.

Maintenance, repairs, and renewals that do not materially add to the value of the equipment nor appreciably prolong its life are charged to expense as incurred.

When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is included in the Statements of Operations.

Engineering, Research and Development Costs:

Engineering, research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Advertising Expenses:

Advertising expenses consist primarily of costs for direct advertising. The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred, and classifies these costs under selling, general and administrative expenses.  Advertising costs amounted to $200 for the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Deferred Revenues:

Amounts billed in advance of the period in which the service is rendered or product delivered are recorded as deferred revenue.  At March 31, 2012 and 2011, deferred revenues totaled $39,404 and $43,763, respectively. See above for additional information regarding our revenue recognition policies.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share:

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, including common stock equivalents, such as stock options and warrants using the treasury stock method.  Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and excludes the anti-dilutive effects of common stock equivalents.

Accounting for Income Taxes:

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method described in FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. Deferred tax assets arise from a variety of sources, the most significant being: a) tax losses that can be carried forward to be utilized against profits in future years; b) expenses recognized for financial reporting purposes but disallowed in the tax return until the associated cash flow occurs; and c) valuation changes of assets which need to be tax effected for book purposes but are deductible only when the valuation change is realized.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when such differences are expected to reverse.  The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance for

any tax benefit which is not more likely than not to be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, future taxable income is estimated, considering the realization of tax loss carryforwards. Valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets can also be affected by changes to tax laws, changes to statutory tax rates and future taxable income levels. In the event it was determined that the Company would not be able to realize all or a portion of our deferred tax assets in the future, we would reduce such amounts through a charge to income in the period in which that determination is made. Conversely, if we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net carrying amounts, we would decrease the recorded valuation allowance through an increase to income in the period in which that determination is made.  In its evaluation of a valuation allowance the Company takes into account existing contracts and backlog, and the probability that options under these contract awards will be exercised as well as sales of existing products. The Company prepares profit projections based on the revenue and expenses forecast to determine that such revenues will produce sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax assets.

The Company adopted FASB ASC 740-10-50, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. ASC 740-10-50 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740-10 requires that the Company determine whether the benefits of its tax positions are more-likely-than-not of being sustained upon audit based on the technical merits of the tax position. The Company recognizes the impact of an uncertain income tax position taken on its income tax return at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. The implementation of ASC 740-10 had no impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

Despite the Company’s belief that its tax return positions are consistent with applicable tax laws, one or more positions may be challenged by taxing authorities. Settlement of any challenge can result in no change, a complete disallowance, or some partial adjustment reached through negotiations or litigation.

Interest and penalties related to income tax matters, if applicable, will be recognized as income tax expense. During the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 the Company did not incur any expense related to interest or penalties for income tax matters, and no such amounts were accrued as of March 31, 2012 and 2011.

Stock-based Compensation:

The Company adopted the FASB ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation”, utilizing the modified prospective method. FASB ASC 718 requires the measurement of stock-based compensation based on the fair value of the award on the date of grant. Under the modified prospective method, the provisions of FASB ASC 718 apply to all awards granted after the date of adoption, April 1, 2006. The Company recognizes compensation cost on awards on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, typically four years. The Company estimates the fair value of each option granted using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.

Additional information and disclosure are provided in Note 15.

Long-Lived Assets:

The Company assesses the recoverability of the carrying value of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future, undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. No impairment losses have been recognized for the years ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires that management make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  The most significant estimates include income taxes, percentage-of- completion sales recognition, warranty claims, inventory and accounts receivable valuations.

Reclassifications:

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Accounts Receivable:

The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based on customer payment and current credit worthiness, as determined by review of their current credit information.  The Company continuously monitors credit limits for and payments from its customers and maintains provision for estimated credit losses based on its

historical experience and any specific customer issues that have been identified.  While such credit losses have historically been within the Company’s expectation and the provision established, the Company cannot guarantee that this will continue.

Warranty Reserves:

Warranty reserves are based upon historical rates and specific items that are identifiable and can be estimated at time of sale.  While warranty costs have historically been within the Company’s expectations and the provisions established, future warranty costs could be in excess of the Company’s warranty reserves.  A significant increase in these costs could adversely affect the Company’s operating results for the period and the periods these additional costs materialize.  Warranty reserves are adjusted from time to time when actual warranty claim experience differs from estimates. For the year ended March 31, 2012 warranty costs were $230,028 as compared to $107,310 for the year ended March 31, 2011. These warranty reserves are included in Accrued Expenses – other in the accompanying balance sheets.

Risks and Uncertainties:

The Company’s operations are subject to a number of risks, including but not limited to changes in the general economy, demand for the Company’s products, the success of its customers, research and development results, reliance on the government and commercial markets, litigation, and the renewal of its line of credit.  The Company has major contracts with the U.S. Government, which like all government contracts are subject to termination.

New Accounting Pronouncements:

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)”, to improve consistency in application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements.  The standard is intended to clarify the application of the requirements, not to establish valuation standards or affect valuation practices outside of financial reporting.  The guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2011.  Adoption of ASU 2011-04 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)”, to improve the comparability, consistency, and transparency of financial reporting and to increase the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income.  The standard eliminates the current option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity.  The amendment requires that all non-owner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  The amendment does not affect how earnings per share is calculated or presented.  The guidance was effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  Early adoption is permitted. The Company expects the adoption of this pronouncement to not have a material effect on the financial statements. 

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-11, "Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities" ("ASU 2011-11"). ASU 2011-11 creates new disclosure requirements about the nature of an entity’s rights of offset and related arrangements associated with its financial instruments and derivative instruments. The disclosure requirements are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods therein, with retrospective application required, which will be our quarter ending June 30, 2013. The new disclosures are designed to make financial statements that are prepared under U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles more comparable to those prepared under International Financial Reporting Standards. The adoption is not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

With the exception of the pronouncements noted above, no other accounting standards or interpretations issued or recently adopted are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, operations or cash flows.