SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and the accounts of all subsidiaries and investments in which a controlling interest is held by the Company. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements.
Cash Equivalents	Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount for cash equivalents approximates fair value.
Marketable Securities	Marketable Securities The Company considers those investments not qualifying as cash equivalents, but which are readily marketable, to be marketable securities. The Company's investment portfolio is comprised of fixed income debt securities, which are classified as current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company classifies all marketable securities as available-for-sale. These are stated at fair value with the unrealized gains (losses), net of tax, reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of equity.
Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures	Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures For joint ventures that the Company does not control, but over which it exercises significant influence, the Company uses the equity method of accounting. The Company's judgment with regard to its level of influence or control of an entity involves consideration of various factors, including the form of its ownership interest; its representation in the entity's governance; its ability to participate in policy-making decisions; and the rights of other investors to participate in the decision-making process, to replace the Company as manager, and/or to liquidate the venture. These ventures are recorded at cost and adjusted for equity in earnings (losses), contributions and distributions. Any difference between the carrying amount of these investments on the Company’s balance sheet and the underlying equity in net assets on the joint venture’s balance sheet is adjusted as the related underlying assets are depreciated, amortized, or sold. When the Company contributes land to a joint venture, it records the investment in the venture at fair value, regardless of whether the other investors in the venture contribute cash or property. The Company generally allocates income and loss from an unconsolidated joint venture based on the venture's distribution priorities, which may be different from its stated ownership percentage. The Company evaluates the recoverability of its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures in accordance with accounting standards for equity investments by first reviewing each investment for any indicators of impairment. If indicators are present, the Company estimates the fair value of the investment. If the carrying value of the investment is greater than the estimated fair value, management makes an assessment of whether the impairment is “temporary” or “other-than-temporary.” In making this assessment, management considers the following: (1) the length of time and the extent to which fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the entity, and (3) the Company’s intent and ability to retain its interest long enough for a recovery in market value. If management concludes that the impairment is "other than temporary," the Company reduces the investment to its estimated fair value.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments	Fair Values of Financial Instruments The Company follows the Financial Accounting Standards Board's authoritative guidance for fair value measurements of certain financial instruments. The guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the exchange (exit) price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This guidance establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability. Observable inputs are those which can be easily seen by market participants, while unobservable inputs are generally developed internally, utilizing management’s estimates and assumptions: •Level 1 – Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. •Level 2 – Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market. •Level 3 – Valuation is derived from model-based techniques in which at least one significant input is unobservable and based on the Company's own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability. When available, the Company uses quoted market prices in active markets to determine fair value. The Company considers the principal market and nonperformance risk associated with counterparties when determining the fair value measurement. Fair value measurements are used on a recurring basis for marketable securities, investments within the pension plan and hedging instruments, if any.
Interest Rate Swap Agreements	Interest Rate Swap Agreements In October 2014, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with Wells Fargo. In June 2019, the Company amended the interest rate swap agreement to continue to hedge the Company's exposure to interest rate risk from the Term Note, and the subsequent Amended Term Note. On June 27, 2022, the Company terminated the related amended interest rate swap agreement with Wells Fargo. On June 30, 2022, the Company entered into a variable rate term note, or New Term Note, with Bank of America, N.A. and on the same day, the Company entered into a new interest rate swap agreement to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in the floating interest rate tied to SOFR under the New Term Note. See Note 8 (Line of Credit and Long-Term Debt) and Note 10 (Interest Rate Swap) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further detail regarding this interest rate swap related to the Company's Credit Facility. The Company believes it is prudent at times to limit the variability of floating-rate interest payments and in the past have entered into interest rate swaps to manage those fluctuations. The Company recognizes interest rate swap agreements as either an asset or liability on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, a company must designate the hedging instrument, based on the hedged exposure, as a fair value hedge, a cash flow hedge, or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. The interest rate swap agreement is considered a cash flow hedge because it was designed to match the terms of the Term Loan, and the subsequent New Term Loan, as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the earnings effect of the hedged transactions in a cash flow hedge. This interest rate swap agreement will be evaluated based on whether it is deemed highly effective in reducing exposure to variable interest rates. The Company formally documents all relationships between interest rate swap agreements and hedged items, including the method for evaluating effectiveness and the risk strategy. The Company makes an assessment at the inception of each interest rate swap agreement and on a quarterly basis to determine whether these instruments are highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows associated with the hedged items. If swaps qualify as highly effective, the changes in the fair values of the derivatives used as hedges would be reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income, or AOCI. Amounts classified in AOCI will be reclassified into earnings in the period during which the hedged transactions affect earnings. If swaps do not qualify as highly effective, the changes in fair values of derivatives used as hedges would be reflected in earnings. The fair value of each interest rate swap agreement is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analyses on the expected cash flows of each derivative. These analyses reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and use observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities (also referred to as “significant other observable inputs”). The fair value of interest rate swap agreements are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. The fair value calculation also includes an amount for risk of non-performance using “significant unobservable inputs” such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default, which the Company has determined to be insignificant to the overall fair value of its interest rate swap agreement.
Variable Interest Entity	Variable Interest Entity The Company evaluates all of its interests in VIEs for consolidation. When the Company's interests are determined to be variable interests, the Company assesses whether the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. A primary beneficiary is defined as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could potentially be significant. The Company considers its variable interests as well as any variable interests of related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate the VIE. To assess whether the Company has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, the Company considers all facts and circumstances, including its role in establishing the VIE and its ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes first, identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance; and second, identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities. In general, the parties that make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE or have the right to unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE. To assess whether the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company considers all economic interests, including debt and equity investments, servicing fees, and other arrangements deemed to be variable interests in the VIE. This assessment requires that the Company apply judgment in determining whether these interests, in the aggregate, are considered potentially significant to the VIE. Factors considered in assessing significance include: the design of the VIE, including its capitalization structure; subordination of interests; payment priority; relative share of interests held across various classes within the VIE’s capital structure; and the reasons why the interests are held by the Company.
Credit Risk	Credit Risk The Company grants credit in the course of operations to co-ops, wineries, nut marketing companies, and lessees of the Company’s facilities. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral. Commercial revenues are derived primarily from lease rental payments and operating expense reimbursements. If client tenants fail to make rental payments under their lease, the Company's financial condition, and cash flows could be adversely affected. The Company assesses the risk of loss on accounts receivable and adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts based on this risk assessment. We do so by applying historical loss rates to our accounts receivable aging schedule to estimate expected credit losses. We further adjusted expected credit losses for specifically identified and forecasted credit losses. Accounts are written off when they are deemed to be no longer collectible. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Pastoria Energy Facility, L.L.C., or PEF power plant lease generated approximately 6%, 8%, and 8% of total revenues, respectively. The Company had no other customers account for 5% or more of total revenues from operations. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents in federally insured financial institutions. The account balances at these institutions periodically exceed FDIC insurance coverage and, as a result, there is a concentration of credit risk related to amounts on deposit in excess of FDIC insurance coverage. The Company believes that the risk is not significant.
Farm Inventories	Farm Inventories Costs of bringing crops to harvest are inventoried when incurred. Such costs are expensed when the crops are sold. Expenses are computed and recognized on an average cost per pound or per ton basis, as appropriate. Costs incurred during the current year related to the next year’s crop are inventoried and carried in inventory until the matching crop is harvested and sold. Farm inventories held for sale are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market.
Property and Equipment	Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment are stated on the basis of cost, except for land acquired upon organization in 1936, which is stated on the basis carried by the Company’s predecessor. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various assets.
Long-Term Water Assets	Long-Term Water Assets Long-term purchased water contracts are in place with the Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage District and the Dudley-Ridge Water Storage District. These contracts provide the Company with the right to receive water over the term of the contracts that expire in 2035. The Company also purchased a contract that allows and requires it to purchase 6,693 acre-feet of water each year from the Nickel Family LLC. The initial term of this contract runs through 2044. The purchase price of these contracts is being amortized under the straight-line basis over their contractual lives. Water contracts with the Wheeler Ridge Maricopa Water Storage District and the Tejon-Castac Water District are also in place, but were entered into with each district at inception and not purchased later from third parties, and therefore do not have a related financial value on the books of the Company. As a result, there is no amortization expense related to these contracts.
Vineyards and Orchards	Vineyards and Orchards Costs of planting and developing vineyards and orchards are capitalized until the crops become commercially productive. Interest costs and depreciation of irrigation systems and trellis installations during the development stage are also capitalized. Revenues from crops earned during the development stage are netted against development costs. Depreciation commences when the crops become commercially productive. At the time farm crops are harvested, contracted, and delivered to buyers and revenues can be estimated, revenues are recognized and any related inventoried costs are expensed, which traditionally occurs during the third and fourth quarters of each year. It is not unusual for portions of the Company's almond or pistachio crop to be sold in the year following the harvest. Orchard (almond and pistachio) revenues are based upon the contract settlement price or estimated selling price, whereas vineyard revenues are typically recognized at the contracted selling price. Estimated prices for orchard crops are based upon the quoted estimate of what the final market price will be by marketers and handlers of the orchard crops. These market price estimates are updated through the crop payment cycle as new information is received as to the final settlement price for the crop sold. These estimates are adjusted to actual upon receipt of final payment for the crop. This method of recognizing revenues on the sale of orchard crops is a standard practice within the agribusiness community. Adjustments for differences between estimates and actual revenues received are recorded during the period in which such amounts become known.
Common Stock Options and Grants	Common Stock Options and Grants The Company accounts for stock incentive plans using the fair value method of accounting. The estimated fair value of the restricted stock grants and restricted stock units are expensed over the expected vesting period. For performance-based grants the Company makes estimates of the probable number of shares that will actually be granted based upon estimated ranges of success in meeting defined performance measures. An estimate for share forfeitures, based on historical forfeitures, are recorded on all grants. Periodically, the Company updates its estimates and reflects any changes to the estimate in the consolidated statements of operations.
Long-Lived Assets	Long-Lived Assets On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews current activities and changes in the business conditions of all of its operating properties prior to and subsequent to the end of each quarter to determine the existence of any triggering events requiring an impairment analysis. If triggering events are identified, the Company reviews an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows for the properties, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration. Long-lived assets to be held and used, including rental properties, construction in progress, or CIP, real estate held for development and intangibles, are individually evaluated for impairment when conditions exist that may indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset to be held and used is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Impairment indicators or triggering events for long-lived assets to be held and used, including rental properties, CIP, real estate held for development, and intangibles, are assessed by project and include significant fluctuations in estimated net operating income, occupancy changes, significant near-term lease expirations, current and historical operating and/or cash flow losses, rental rates, and other market factors. The Company assesses the expected undiscounted cash flows based upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, available market information, current and historical operating results, known trends, current market/economic conditions that may affect the property, and assumptions about the use of the asset, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration. Upon determination that an impairment has occurred, a write-down is recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its estimated fair value. In addition, the Company accounts for long-lived assets to be disposed of at the lower of their carrying amounts or fair value less selling and disposal costs.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company’s revenue is primarily derived from lease revenue from its rental portfolio, royalty revenue from mineral leases, sales of farm crops, sales of water, and land sales. The Company recognizes revenue by following the five-step model under ASC 606 to achieve the core principle that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identifies the contract with the customer, (ii) identifies the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determines the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocates the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Sales of Real Estate The Company allocates the transaction price, on land sales with multiple performance obligations, to the performance obligations in proportion to their standalone selling prices (i.e., on a relative standalone selling price basis) and not total costs. Sales of Easements From time to time the Company sells easements over its land, and the easements are either in the form of rights of access granted for such things as utility corridors or are in the form of conservation easements that generally require the Company to divest its rights to commercially develop a portion of its land, but do not result in a change in ownership of the land or restrict the Company from continuing other revenue generating activities on the land. The Company recognizes easement sales revenue by following the five-step model under ASC 606. Allocation of Costs Related to Land Sales and Leases When the Company sells land within one of its real estate developments and has not completed all infrastructure development related to the total project, the Company estimates, at the time of sale, future costs of the development to determine the appropriate costs of sales for the sold land and the timing of recognition of the sale. In the calculation of cost of sales or allocations to leased land, the Company uses estimates and forecasts to determine total costs at completion of the development project. These estimates of final development costs can change as conditions in the market change and costs of construction change. Royalty Income Royalty revenues are contractually defined as to the percentage of royalty and are tied to production and market prices. The Company’s royalty arrangements generally require payment on a monthly basis with the payment based on the previous month’s activity. The Company accrues monthly royalty revenues based upon estimates and adjusts to actual as the Company receives payments. Rental Income Rental income from leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the respective lease terms. The Company classifies amounts currently recognized as income, and amounts expected to be received in later years, as deferred rent in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amounts received currently, but recognized as income in future years, are classified in accrued liabilities and other, and deferred income in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company commences recognition of rental income at the date the property is ready for its intended use, and the client tenant takes possession of or controls the physical use of the property. During the term of each lease, the Company monitors the credit quality of its tenants by (i) reviewing the credit rating of tenants that are rated by a nationally recognized credit rating agency, (ii) reviewing financial statements of the tenants that are publicly available or that are required to be delivered to the Company pursuant to the applicable lease, (iii) monitoring news reports regarding its tenants and their respective businesses, and (iv) monitoring the timeliness of lease payments. For operating leases in which collectability of rental income is not considered probable, rental income is recognized on a cash basis and allowances are taken for those balances that we have reason to believe may be uncollectible in the period it is determined not to be probable of collection.
Environmental Expenditures	Environmental ExpendituresEnvironmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed or capitalized as appropriate. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and which do not contribute to current or future revenue generation are expensed. Liabilities are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts are probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Generally, the timing of these accruals coincides with the completion of a feasibility study or the Company’s commitment to a formal plan of action.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the financial statement dates and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is reasonably possible that actual results could differ from these estimates.
New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2022	New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2022No new Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, is applicable to our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and the accounts of all subsidiaries and investments in which a controlling interest is held by the Company. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount for cash equivalents approximates fair value.

Marketable Securities

The Company considers those investments not qualifying as cash equivalents, but which are readily marketable, to be marketable securities. The Company's investment portfolio is comprised of fixed income debt securities, which are classified as current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company classifies all marketable securities as available-for-sale. These are stated at fair value with the unrealized gains (losses), net of tax, reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of equity.

Investments in Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

For joint ventures that the Company does not control, but over which it exercises significant influence, the Company uses the equity method of accounting. The Company's judgment with regard to its level of influence or control of an entity involves consideration of various factors, including the form of its ownership interest; its representation in the entity's governance; its ability to participate in policy-making decisions; and the rights of other investors to participate in the decision-making process, to replace the Company as manager, and/or to liquidate the venture. These ventures are recorded at cost and adjusted for equity in earnings (losses), contributions and distributions. Any difference between the carrying amount of these investments on the Company’s balance sheet and the underlying equity in net assets on the joint venture’s balance sheet is adjusted as the related underlying assets are depreciated, amortized, or sold. When the Company contributes land to a joint venture, it records the investment in the venture at fair value, regardless of whether the other investors in the venture contribute cash or property.

The Company generally allocates income and loss from an unconsolidated joint venture based on the venture's distribution priorities, which may be different from its stated ownership percentage.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures in accordance with accounting standards for equity investments by first reviewing each investment for any indicators of impairment. If indicators are present, the Company estimates the fair value of the investment. If the carrying value of the investment is greater than the estimated fair value, management makes an assessment of whether the impairment is “temporary” or “other-than-temporary.” In making this assessment, management considers the following: (1) the length of time and the extent to which fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the entity, and (3) the Company’s intent and ability to retain its interest long enough for a recovery in market value. If management concludes that the impairment is "other than temporary," the Company reduces the investment to its estimated fair value.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The Company follows the Financial Accounting Standards Board's authoritative guidance for fair value measurements of certain financial instruments. The guidance defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the exchange (exit) price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This guidance establishes a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability. Observable inputs are those which can be easily seen by market participants, while unobservable inputs are generally developed internally, utilizing management’s estimates and assumptions:

•Level 1 – Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•Level 2 – Valuation is determined from quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or by model-based techniques in which all significant inputs are observable in the market.

•Level 3 – Valuation is derived from model-based techniques in which at least one significant input is unobservable and based on the Company's own estimates about the assumptions that market participants would use to value the asset or liability.

When available, the Company uses quoted market prices in active markets to determine fair value. The Company considers the principal market and nonperformance risk associated with counterparties when determining the fair value measurement. Fair value measurements are used on a recurring basis for marketable securities, investments within the pension plan and hedging instruments, if any.

Interest Rate Swap Agreements

In October 2014, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with Wells Fargo. In June 2019, the Company amended the interest rate swap agreement to continue to hedge the Company's exposure to interest rate risk from the Term Note, and the subsequent Amended Term Note. On June 27, 2022, the Company terminated the related amended interest rate swap agreement with Wells Fargo. On June 30, 2022, the Company entered into a variable rate term note, or New Term Note, with Bank of America, N.A. and on the same day, the Company entered into a new interest rate swap agreement to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in the floating interest rate tied to SOFR under the New Term Note. See Note 8 (Line of Credit and Long-Term Debt) and Note 10 (Interest Rate Swap) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further detail regarding this interest rate swap related to the Company's Credit Facility. The Company believes it is prudent at times to limit

the variability of floating-rate interest payments and in the past have entered into interest rate swaps to manage those fluctuations.

The Company recognizes interest rate swap agreements as either an asset or liability on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, a company must designate the hedging instrument, based on the hedged exposure, as a fair value hedge, a cash flow hedge, or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. The interest rate swap agreement is considered a cash flow hedge because it was designed to match the terms of the Term Loan, and the subsequent New Term Loan, as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the earnings effect of the hedged transactions in a cash flow hedge. This interest rate swap agreement will be evaluated based on whether it is deemed highly effective in reducing exposure to variable interest rates. The Company formally documents all relationships between interest rate swap agreements and hedged items, including the method for evaluating effectiveness and the risk strategy. The Company makes an assessment at the inception of each interest rate swap agreement and on a quarterly basis to determine whether these instruments are highly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows associated with the hedged items. If swaps qualify as highly effective, the changes in the fair values of the derivatives used as hedges would be reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income, or AOCI. Amounts classified in AOCI will be reclassified into earnings in the period during which the hedged transactions affect earnings. If swaps do not qualify as highly effective, the changes in fair values of derivatives used as hedges would be reflected in earnings.

The fair value of each interest rate swap agreement is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analyses on the expected cash flows of each derivative. These analyses reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and use observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities (also referred to as “significant other observable inputs”). The fair value of interest rate swap agreements are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. The fair value calculation also includes an amount for risk of non-performance using “significant unobservable inputs” such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default, which the Company has determined to be insignificant to the overall fair value of its interest rate swap agreement.

Variable Interest Entity

The Company evaluates all of its interests in VIEs for consolidation. When the Company's interests are determined to be variable interests, the Company assesses whether the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. A primary beneficiary is defined as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could potentially be significant. The Company considers its variable interests as well as any variable interests of related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate the VIE.

To assess whether the Company has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, the Company considers all facts and circumstances, including its role in establishing the VIE and its ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes first, identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance; and second, identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities. In general, the parties that make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE or have the right to unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE.

To assess whether the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company considers all economic interests, including debt and equity investments, servicing fees, and other arrangements deemed to be variable interests in the VIE. This assessment requires that the Company apply judgment in determining whether these interests, in the aggregate, are considered potentially significant to the VIE. Factors considered in assessing significance include: the design of the VIE, including its capitalization structure; subordination of interests; payment priority; relative share of interests held across various classes within the VIE’s capital structure; and the reasons why the interests are held by the Company.

Credit Risk

The Company grants credit in the course of operations to co-ops, wineries, nut marketing companies, and lessees of the Company’s facilities. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral.

Commercial revenues are derived primarily from lease rental payments and operating expense reimbursements. If client tenants fail to make rental payments under their lease, the Company's financial condition, and cash flows could be adversely affected. The Company assesses the risk of loss on accounts receivable and adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts based on this risk assessment. We do so by applying historical loss rates to our accounts receivable aging schedule to estimate expected credit losses. We further adjusted expected credit losses for specifically identified and forecasted credit losses. Accounts are written off when they are deemed to be no longer collectible.

During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Pastoria Energy Facility, L.L.C., or PEF power plant lease generated approximately 6%, 8%, and 8% of total revenues, respectively. The Company had no other customers account for 5% or more of total revenues from operations.

The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents in federally insured financial institutions. The account balances at these institutions periodically exceed FDIC insurance coverage and, as a result, there is a concentration of credit risk related to amounts on deposit in excess of FDIC insurance coverage. The Company believes that the risk is not significant.

Farm Inventories

Costs of bringing crops to harvest are inventoried when incurred. Such costs are expensed when the crops are sold. Expenses are computed and recognized on an average cost per pound or per ton basis, as appropriate. Costs incurred during the current year related to the next year’s crop are inventoried and carried in inventory until the matching crop is harvested and sold. Farm inventories held for sale are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market.

Property and Equipment

Property and EquipmentProperty and equipment are stated on the basis of cost, except for land acquired upon organization in 1936, which is stated on the basis carried by the Company’s predecessor. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the various assets.

Long-Term Water Assets

Long-term purchased water contracts are in place with the Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage District and the Dudley-Ridge Water Storage District. These contracts provide the Company with the right to receive water over the term of the contracts that expire in 2035. The Company also purchased a contract that allows and requires it to purchase 6,693 acre-feet of water each year from the Nickel Family LLC. The initial term of this contract runs through 2044. The purchase price of these contracts is being amortized under the straight-line basis over their contractual lives. Water contracts with the Wheeler Ridge Maricopa Water Storage District and the Tejon-Castac Water District are also in place, but were entered into with each district at inception and not purchased later from third parties, and therefore do not have a related financial value on the books of the Company. As a result, there is no amortization expense related to these contracts.

Vineyards and Orchards

Costs of planting and developing vineyards and orchards are capitalized until the crops become commercially productive. Interest costs and depreciation of irrigation systems and trellis installations during the development stage are also capitalized. Revenues from crops earned during the development stage are netted against development costs. Depreciation commences when the crops become commercially productive.

At the time farm crops are harvested, contracted, and delivered to buyers and revenues can be estimated, revenues are recognized and any related inventoried costs are expensed, which traditionally occurs during the third and fourth quarters of each year. It is not unusual for portions of the Company's almond or pistachio crop to be sold in the year following the harvest. Orchard (almond and pistachio) revenues are based upon the contract settlement price or estimated selling price, whereas vineyard revenues are typically recognized at the contracted selling price. Estimated prices for orchard crops are based upon the quoted estimate of what the final market price will be by marketers and handlers of the orchard crops. These market price estimates are updated through the crop payment cycle as new information is received as to the final settlement price for the crop sold. These estimates are adjusted to actual upon receipt of final payment for the crop. This method of recognizing revenues on the sale of orchard crops is a standard practice within the agribusiness community. Adjustments for differences between estimates and actual revenues received are recorded during the period in which such amounts become known.

Common Stock Options and Grants

The Company accounts for stock incentive plans using the fair value method of accounting. The estimated fair value of the restricted stock grants and restricted stock units are expensed over the expected vesting period. For performance-based grants the Company makes estimates of the probable number of shares that will actually be granted based upon estimated ranges of success in meeting defined performance measures. An estimate for share forfeitures, based on historical forfeitures, are recorded on all grants. Periodically, the Company updates its estimates and reflects any changes to the estimate in the consolidated statements of operations.

Long-Lived Assets

On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews current activities and changes in the business conditions of all of its operating properties prior to and subsequent to the end of each quarter to determine the existence of any triggering events requiring an impairment analysis. If triggering events are identified, the Company reviews an estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows for the properties, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration.

Long-lived assets to be held and used, including rental properties, construction in progress, or CIP, real estate held for development and intangibles, are individually evaluated for impairment when conditions exist that may indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset to be held and used is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Impairment indicators or triggering events for long-lived assets to be held and used, including rental properties, CIP, real estate held for development, and intangibles, are assessed by project and include significant fluctuations in estimated net operating income, occupancy changes, significant near-term lease expirations, current and historical operating and/or cash flow losses, rental rates, and other market factors. The Company assesses the expected undiscounted cash flows based upon numerous factors, including, but not limited to, available market information, current and historical operating results, known trends, current market/economic conditions that may affect the property, and assumptions about the use of the asset, including, if necessary, a probability-weighted approach if multiple outcomes are under consideration. Upon determination that an impairment has occurred, a write-down is recognized to reduce the carrying amount to its estimated fair value. In addition, the Company accounts for long-lived assets to be disposed of at the lower of their carrying amounts or fair value less selling and disposal costs.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is primarily derived from lease revenue from its rental portfolio, royalty revenue from mineral leases, sales of farm crops, sales of water, and land sales. The Company recognizes revenue by following the five-step model under ASC 606 to achieve the core principle that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identifies the contract with the customer, (ii) identifies the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determines the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocates the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.

Sales of Real Estate

The Company allocates the transaction price, on land sales with multiple performance obligations, to the performance obligations in proportion to their standalone selling prices (i.e., on a relative standalone selling price basis) and not total costs.

Sales of Easements

From time to time the Company sells easements over its land, and the easements are either in the form of rights of access granted for such things as utility corridors or are in the form of conservation easements that generally require the Company to divest its rights to commercially develop a portion of its land, but do not result in a change in ownership of the land or restrict the Company from continuing other revenue generating activities on the land. The Company recognizes easement sales revenue by following the five-step model under ASC 606.

Allocation of Costs Related to Land Sales and Leases

When the Company sells land within one of its real estate developments and has not completed all infrastructure development related to the total project, the Company estimates, at the time of sale, future costs of the development to determine the appropriate costs of sales for the sold land and the timing of recognition of the sale. In the calculation of cost of sales or allocations to leased land, the Company uses estimates and forecasts to determine total costs at completion of the development project. These estimates of final development costs can change as conditions in the market change and costs of construction change.

Royalty Income

Royalty revenues are contractually defined as to the percentage of royalty and are tied to production and market prices. The Company’s royalty arrangements generally require payment on a monthly basis with the payment based on the previous month’s activity. The Company accrues monthly royalty revenues based upon estimates and adjusts to actual as the Company receives payments.

Rental Income

Rental income from leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the respective lease terms. The Company classifies amounts currently recognized as income, and amounts expected to be received in later years, as deferred rent in prepaid

expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Amounts received currently, but recognized as income in future years, are classified in accrued liabilities and other, and deferred income in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company commences recognition of rental income at the date the property is ready for its intended use, and the client tenant takes possession of or controls the physical use of the property.

During the term of each lease, the Company monitors the credit quality of its tenants by (i) reviewing the credit rating of tenants that are rated by a nationally recognized credit rating agency, (ii) reviewing financial statements of the tenants that are publicly available or that are required to be delivered to the Company pursuant to the applicable lease, (iii) monitoring news reports regarding its tenants and their respective businesses, and (iv) monitoring the timeliness of lease payments. For operating leases in which collectability of rental income is not considered probable, rental income is recognized on a cash basis and allowances are taken for those balances that we have reason to believe may be uncollectible in the period it is determined not to be probable of collection.

Environmental Expenditures

Environmental ExpendituresEnvironmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed or capitalized as appropriate. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and which do not contribute to current or future revenue generation are expensed. Liabilities are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts are probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Generally, the timing of these accruals coincides with the completion of a feasibility study or the Company’s commitment to a formal plan of action.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the financial statement dates and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is reasonably possible that actual results could differ from these estimates.

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2022

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2022No new Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, is applicable to our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2022.