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Note 6 - Share-based Compensation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]
NOTE
6
– Share-Based Compensation
:
 
In
2003,
the stockholders of the Company approved the
2003
Incentive Stock and Awards Plan (the
“2003
Plan
”), authorizing the granting of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARS”), restricted stock, performance shares and other stock based compensation. This plan expired in
May
of
2013,
at which time, the stockholders of the Company approved the
2013
Incentive Stock and Awards Plan (the
“2013
Plan”), authorizing the granting of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, SARS, restricted stock, performance shares and other stock based compensation. A total of
5,000,000
shares of common stock (subject to adjustment for expirations and cancellations of options outstanding from the
2003
Plan subsequent to its termination) have been reserved for issuance under the
2013
Plan. All options and SARS under both plans have been or will be granted with exercise prices at least equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. At
September 30, 2017,
the Company had
3,659,877
shares of common stock available for grant of share-based compensation under the
2013
Plan.
 
Share-based compensation is recorded in selling and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The following table details the share-based compensation expense by type of award and the total related tax benefit for the periods presented:
 
   
Three Months Ended September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2017
   
2016
 
Stock options and SARS
  $
345,000
    $
238,000
    $
1,092,000
    $
1,071,000
 
Restricted stock
   
80,000
     
78,000
     
243,000
     
229,000
 
Performance shares
   
121,000
     
182,000
     
319,000
     
295,000
 
Total share-based compensation expense
  $
546,000
    $
498,000
    $
1,654,000
    $
1,595,000
 
                                 
Related income tax benefit
  $
29,000
    $
28,000
    $
197,000
    $
200,000
 
 
Stock options and SARS
 
The Company grants stock options and stock settled SARS to employees that allow them to purchase shares of the Company
’s common stock. Options are also granted to outside members of the Board of Directors of the Company. The Company determines the fair value of stock options and SARS at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model.
 
All
options and SARS vest immediately at the date of grant. Awards generally expire
five
years after the date of grant with the exception of options granted to outside directors, which expire
ten
years after the date of grant. The Company issues new shares upon the exercise of stock options and SARS.
 
A summary of stock option transactions during t
he
nine
months ended
September 30, 2017
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
825,251
    $
10.46
 
Granted
   
155,142
     
18.67
 
Exercised
   
(241,844
)    
8.60
 
Lapsed
   
(1,100
)    
5.86
 
Cancelled
   
(990
)    
13.44
 
Outstanding September 30, 2017
   
736,459
    $
12.80
 
 
At
September 30, 2017,
options outstanding, all of which were fully vested and exercisable, had an aggregate intrinsic value of
$7,438,000.
The weighted-average remaining contractual term was
46
months.
 
Options exercised during the
three
-month period ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
had intrinsic values of
$387,000
and
$301,000,
respectively. Options exercised during the
nine
-month period ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
had intrinsic values of
$2,675,000
and
$1,876,000,
respectively.
 
The weighted average fair value
s of the Company’s
53,970
and
52,530
options granted during each of the
three
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
was
$6.40
and
$4.53,
respectively. The weighted average fair values of the Company’s
155,142
and
172,862
options granted during each of the
nine
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
was
$5.56
and
$4.69,
respectively.
 
During the
three
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016,
respectively, the Company received
$420,000
and
$327,000
in cash from stock option exercises. Additionally, during the
three
-month period ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016,
the Company received -
0
- and
2,164
shares of its common stock as payment of the exercise price in the exercise of stock options for -
0
- and
5,568
shares. During the
nine
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016,
respectively, the Company received
$1,218,000
and
$1,109,000
in cash from stock option exercises. Additionally, during the
nine
-month period ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016,
the Company received
43,841
and
12,598
shares of its common stock as payment of the exercise price in the exercise of stock options for
113,143
and
35,984
shares. The tax benefit recognized for these exercises during each of the
three
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
was
$97,000
and
$60,000,
respectively. The tax benefit recognized for these exercises during the
nine
-month period ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
was
$306,000
and
$250,000,
respectively.
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of
September 30, 2017.
 
Range of
Exercise Price
 
Shares
   
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life (Years)
   
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
$ 3.82
-
$ 5.55
   
66,000
     
2.36
    $
4.79
 
$ 5.65
-
$ 7.36
   
213,112
     
1.78
    $
6.55
 
$ 7.96
-
$10.38
   
50,400
     
4.47
    $
9.03
 
$16.35
-
$21.63
   
406,947
     
5.07
    $
17.84
 
                             
$ 3.82
-
$21.63
   
736,459
     
3.83
    $
12.80
 
 
A summary of stock-settled SARS transactions during the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2017
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
325,506
    $
10.26
 
Granted
   
43,988
     
16.97
 
Exercised
   
(128,062
)    
6.87
 
Lapsed
   
-
     
-
 
Cancelled
   
-
     
-
 
Outstanding September 30, 2017
   
241,432
    $
13.28
 
 
At
September 30, 2017,
SARS outstanding, all of which were fully vested and exercisable, had an aggregate intrinsic value of
$2,327,000.
The weighted-average remaining contractual term was
28
months.
 
The weighted average fai
r values of the Company’s
43,988
and
58,108
SARS granted during each of the
nine
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
was
$4.83
and
$4.49,
respectively.
 
There were
no
SARS exercised during the
three
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016,
respectively.
 
There were
128,062
and
75,792
SARS exercised during the
nine
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016,
respectively. SARS exercised during the
nine
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
had intrinsic values of
$1,544,000
and
$928,000.
The tax benefit recognized for these exercises during each of the
nine
-month periods ended
September 30, 2017
and
2016
was
$572,000
and
$311,000,
respectively.
 
The following table summarizes information about SARS outstanding as of
September 30, 2017:
 
Range of
Exercise Price
 
Shares
   
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life (Years)
   
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
$ 5.65
-
$ 7.36
   
94,928
     
1.09
    $
6.95
 
$16.35
-
$21.63
   
146,504
     
3.17
    $
17.38
 
                             
$ 5.65
-
$21.63
   
241,432
     
2.35
    $
13.28
 
 
At
September 30, 2017
shares available for grant as awards under the plan were
3,659,877.
Options and SARS have never been repriced by the Company in any year.
 
The following table summarizes significant assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of
options and SARS.
 
Three months ended
               
September 30,
 
SARS
   
Options
 
                 
Exercise price
               
2017
   
N/A
    $
21.63
 
2016
   
N/A
    $
16.47
 
                 
Market price
               
2017
   
N/A
    $
21.63
 
2016
   
N/A
    $
16.47
 
                 
Risk free interest rate
1
               
2017
   
N/A
     
1.8
%
2016
   
N/A
     
1.1
%
                 
Expected award life (years)
2
   
N/A
     
5
 
                 
Expected volatility
3
               
2017
   
N/A
     
37.2
%
2016
   
N/A
     
37.1
%
                 
Expected dividend yield
4
               
2017
   
N/A
     
1.8
%
2016
   
N/A
     
2.1
%
 
 
Nine months ended
                   
September 30,
 
SARS
   
Options
 
                     
Exercise price
                   
2017
  $
16.97
   
 
$16.97
-
$21.63
 
2016
  $
16.35
   
 
$16.35
-
$18.55
 
                     
Market price
                   
2017
  $
16.97
   
 
$16.97
-
$21.63
 
2016
  $
16.35
   
 
$16.35
-
$18.55
 
                     
Risk free interest rate
1
                   
2017
   
1.9
%    
1.8%
-
2.4%
 
2016
   
1.3
%    
1.1%
-
1.8%
 
                     
Expected award life (years)
2
   
5
     
5
-
10
 
                     
Expected volatility
3
                   
2017
   
36.6
%    
36.6%
-
41.4%
 
2016
   
36.5
%    
36.5%
-
40.3%
 
                     
Expected dividend yield
4
                   
2017
   
2.1
%    
1.8%
-
2.1%
 
2016
   
2.0
%    
1.8%
-
2.1%
 
 
 
1
The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield of a U.S. treasury bond with a similar maturity as the expected life of the awards.
2
The expected life in years for awards granted was based on the historical exercise patterns experienced by the Company when the award is made.
3
The determination of expected stock price volatility for awards granted in each of the periods ending
September 30, 2017
and
2016
was based on historical prices of Superior’s common stock over a period commensurate with the expected life.
4
The dividend yield assumption is based on the history and expectation of the Company’s dividend payouts.
 
Restricted Stock
 
The Company has granted restricted stock to directors and certain employees under the terms of the
2013
Plan which vest at a specified future date, generally after
three
years, or when certain conditions are met. The shares are subject to accelerated vesting under certain circumstances as outlined in the
2013
Plan. Expense for each of these grants is based on the fair value at the date of the grant and is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the respective service period. As of
September 30, 2017,
the Company had
$624,000
of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested grants expected to be recognized over the weighted average service period of
2.0
years.
 
A summary of restricted stock transactions during the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2017
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
123,688
    $
8.94
 
Granted
   
34,619
     
16.97
 
Vested
   
(100,000
)    
7.36
 
Forfeited
   
-
     
-
 
Outstanding September 30, 2017
   
58,307
    $
16.42
 
 
Performance Shares
 
T
he Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has approved grants of performance shares under the terms of the
2013
Plan. Under the terms of the grants, certain employees received service-based or service-based and performance-based shares. The service-based awards vest after the service period is met, which is generally
three
to
five
years. Expense for these grants is based on the fair value on the date of the grant and is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the respective service period. The performance-based shares generally vest after
five
years if the performance and service targets are met. The Company evaluates the performance conditions associated with these grants each reporting period to determine the expected number of shares to be issued. Based upon this evaluation, expected expenses for these grants are being recognized based on the fair value on the date of the grant on a straight-line basis over the respective service period. The shares are subject to accelerated vesting under certain circumstances as outlined in the
2013
Plan. As of
September 30, 2017,
the Company had
$1,733,000
of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested grants expected to be recognized over the weighted average service period of
3.2
years.
 
 
A summary of performance share transactions during the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2017
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
101,000
    $
16.36
 
Granted
   
50,826
     
18.39
 
Vested
   
-
     
-
 
Forfeited
   
-
     
-
 
Outstanding September 30, 2017
   
151,826
    $
17.04