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Note 12 - Share-based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]
NOTE
12
– Share-Based Compensation:
 
In
2003,
the stockholders of the Company approved the
2003
Incentive Stock and Awards Plan (the
“2003
Plan”), authorizing the granting of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARS”), restricted stock, performance stock and other stock based compensation. This plan expired in
May
of
2013,
at which time, the stockholders of the Company approved the
2013
Incentive Stock and Awards Plan (the
“2013
Plan”), authorizing the granting of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, SARS, restricted stock, performance shares and other stock based compensation. A total of
5,000,000
shares of common stock (subject to adjustment for expirations and cancellations of options outstanding from the
2003
Plan subsequent to its termination) have been reserved for issuance under the
2013
Plan. All options and SARS under both plans have been or will be granted with exercise prices at least equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. At
December
31,
2016,
the Company had
3,945,981
shares of common stock available for grant of share-based compensation under the
2013
Plan.
 
Share-based compensation is recorded in selling and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The following table details the share-based compensation expense by plan and the total related tax benefit for the periods presented:
 
    Year Ended December 31,  
   
2016
   
2015
   
2014
 
Stock options and SARS
  $
1,071,000
    $
1,079,000
    $
1,175,000
 
Restricted stock
   
317,000
     
282,000
     
229,000
 
Performance shares
   
250,000
     
-
     
-
 
Total share-based compensation expense
  $
1,638,000
    $
1,361,000
    $
1,404,000
 
                         
Related income tax benefit
  $
325,000
    $
203,000
    $
219,000
 
 
Stock options and SARS
 
The Company grants stock options and stock settled SARS to employees that allow them to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. Options are also granted to outside members of the Board of Directors of the Company. The Company determines the fair value of stock options and SARS at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes valuation model.
 
All options and SARS vest immediately at the date of grant. Awards generally expire
five
years after the date of grant with the exception of options granted to outside directors, which expire
ten
years after the date of grant. The Company issues new shares upon the exercise of stock options and SARS.
 
A summary of stock option transactions during the
two
years ended
December
31,
2016
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding December 31, 2014
   
1,118,058
    $
6.63
 
Granted
   
153,618
     
18.11
 
Exercised
   
(309,230
)    
6.90
 
Lapsed
   
(10,900
)    
6.00
 
Cancelled
   
(5,000
)    
11.22
 
Outstanding December 31, 2015
   
946,546
    $
8.39
 
Granted
   
172,862
    $
16.53
 
Exercised
   
(279,766
)    
7.31
 
Lapsed
   
(11,131
)    
5.92
 
Cancelled
   
(3,260
)    
17.53
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
825,251
    $
10.46
 
 
At
December
31,
2016,
options outstanding, all of which were fully vested and exercisable, had an intrinsic value of
$7,563,000.
The weighted-average remaining contractual term was
41
months.
 
Options exercised during the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014,
had intrinsic values of
$3,129,000,
$3,528,000
and
$1,356,000
respectively.
 
The weighted average fair values of the Company’s
172,862,
153,618
and
397,218
options granted during the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014
were
$4.69
and
$5.22
and
$2.26,
respectively.
 
During the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014,
respectively, the Company received
$1,504,000,
$1,840,000,
and
$1,855,000
in cash from stock option exercises. Current tax benefits of
$361,000,
$618,000
and
$231,000,
respectively, were recognized for these exercises. Additionally, during the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014,
respectively, the Company received
27,770,
14,571
and
20,256
shares of its common stock as payment of the exercise price in the exercise of stock options for
81,608,
50,224
and
40,816
shares of its common stock related to the exercise of stock options.
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of
December
31,
2016:
 
Range of
           
Weighted Average Remaining
   
Weighted Average
 
Exercise Price
   
Shares
   
Contractual Life (Years)
   
Exercise Price
 
  $3.82
-
$5.55
     
74,166
     
2.94
    $
4.75
 
  $5.65
-
$7.36
     
388,685
     
2.03
    $
6.47
 
  $7.96
-
$10.38
     
62,800
     
4.70
    $
9.30
 
  $16.35
-
$18.66
     
299,600
     
4.96
    $
17.28
 
  $3.82
-
$18.66
     
825,251
     
3.38
    $
10.46
 
 
A summary of stock-settled SARS transactions during the
two
years ended
December
31,
2016
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding December 31, 2014
   
522,024
    $
6.17
 
Granted
   
53,292
     
18.66
 
Exercised
   
(193,750
)    
5.73
 
Lapsed
   
-
     
-
 
Cancelled
   
-
     
-
 
Outstanding December 31, 2015
   
381,566
    $
8.14
 
Granted
   
58,108
    $
16.35
 
Exercised
   
(114,168
)    
6.27
 
Lapsed
   
-
     
-
 
Cancelled
   
-
     
-
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
325,506
    $
10.26
 
 
At
December
31,
2016,
SARS outstanding, all of which were fully vested and exercisable, had an aggregate intrinsic value of
$3,048,000.
The weighted-average remaining contractual term was
27
months.
 
 
SARS exercised during the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014,
respectively, had intrinsic values of
$1,472,000,
$2,602,000
and
$275,000
respectively. Current tax benefits of
$521,000,
$957,000
and
$32,000
respectively, were recognized for these exercises. The weighted average grant date fair values of the Company’s SARS granted during the years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014
was
$4.49,
$5.20
and
$2.02,
respectively.
 
 
The following table summarizes information about SARS outstanding as of
December
31,
2016:
 
Range of
           
Weighted Average Remaining
   
Weighted Average
 
Exercise Price
   
SARS
   
Contractual Life (Years)
   
Exercise Price
 
  $5.65
-
$7.36
     
214,106
     
1.55
    $
6.51
 
  $16.35
-
$18.66
     
111,400
     
3.60
    $
17.46
 
  $5.65
-
$18.66
     
325,506
     
2.26
    $
10.26
 
 
At
December
31,
2016
 shares available for grant as awards under the plan were
3,945,981.
Options and SARS have never been repriced by the Company in any year.
 
The following table summarizes significant assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of options and SARS:
 
Years ended
                   
December 31,
 
SARS
   
Options
 
Exercise price
                   
2016
   
$16.35
     
$16.35
-
$18.55
 
2015
   
$18.66
     
$16.78
-
$18.66
 
2014
   
$7.36
     
$7.36
-
$10.38
 
 
                   
Market price
                   
2016
   
$16.35
     
$16.35
-
$18.55
 
2015
   
$18.66
     
$16.78
-
$18.66
 
2014
   
$7.36
     
$7.36
-
$10.38
 
Risk free interest rate
1
                   
2016
   
1.3%
     
1.1%
-
1.8%
 
2015
   
1.5%
     
1.5%
-
2.1%
 
2014
   
1.5%
     
1.5%
-
2.6%
 
Expected award life (years)
2
   
5
     
5
-
10
 
 
                   
Expected volatility
3
                   
2016
   
36.5%
     
36.5%
-
40.3%
 
2015
   
34.9%
     
34.9%
-
39.0%
 
2014
   
42.5%
     
37.3%
-
42.5%
 
Expected dividend yield
4
                   
2016
   
2.0%
     
1.8%
-
2.1%
 
2015
   
1.6%
     
1.6%
-
1.9%
 
2014
   
3.7%
     
2.9%
-
3.7%
 
 
1
The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield of a U.S. treasury bond with a similar maturity as the expected life of the awards.
2
The expected life in years for awards granted was based on the historical exercise patterns experienced by the Company when the award is made.
3
The determination of expected stock price volatility for awards granted in each of the
three
years ended
December
31,
2016,
2015
and
2014
was based on historical Superior common stock prices over a period commensurate with the expected life.
4
The dividend yield assumption is based on the history and expectation of the Company’s dividend payouts.
 
 
Restricted Stock
 
The Company has granted restricted stock to directors and certain employees under the terms of the
2013
Plan which vest at a specified future date, generally after
three
years, or when certain conditions are met. The shares are subject to accelerated vesting under certain circumstances pursuant to the
2013
Plan. Expense for each of these grants is based on the fair value at the date of the grant and is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the respective service period. As of
December
31,
2016,
the Company had
$234,000
of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested grants expected to be recognized over the weighted average service period of
0.5
years.
 
 
A summary of restricted stock transactions during the years ended
December
31,
2016
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Grant Date Fair Value
 
Outstanding December 31, 2014
   
106,016
    $
7.62
 
Granted
   
8,326
     
18.14
 
Vested
   
-
     
-
 
Forfeited
   
-
     
-
 
Outstanding December 31, 2015
   
114,342
    $
8.39
 
Granted
   
10,396
     
16.35
 
Vested
   
-
     
-
 
Forfeited
   
(1,050
)    
21.92
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
123,688
    $
8.94
 
 
 
Performance Shares
 
In
2016,
the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved grants of performance shares under the terms of the
2013
Plan. Under the terms of the grants, certain employees received service-based or service-based and performance-based shares. The service-based awards vest after the service period is met, which is generally
three
to
five
years.  Expense for these grants is based on the fair value on the date of the grant and is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the respective service period. The performance-based shares generally vest after
five
years if the performance and service targets are met. The Company evaluates the performance conditions associated with these grants each reporting period to determine the expected number of shares to be issued. Based upon this evaluation, expected expenses for these grants are being recognized based on the fair value on the date of the grant on a straight-line basis over the respective service period. The shares are subject to accelerated vesting under certain circumstances as outlined in the
2013
Plan. As of
December
31,
2016,
the Company had
$1,129,000
of unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested grants expected to be recognized over the weighted average service period of
4.1
years.
 
A summary of performance share transactions during the year ended
December
31,
2016
follows:
 
   
No. of
   
Weighted Average
 
   
Shares
   
Grant Date Fair Value
 
Outstanding December 31, 2015
   
-
    $
-
 
Granted
   
101,000
     
16.36
 
Vested
   
-
     
-
 
Forfeited
   
-
     
-
 
Outstanding December 31, 2016
   
101,000
    $
16.36