Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2014

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

a. Basis of Presentation

        The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation have been reflected. The results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. Certain financial information that is normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), but is not required for interim reporting purposes, has been condensed or omitted. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013.

b. Principles of Consolidation

        The condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

        Investments in which the Company has at least a 20%, but not more than a 50% interest are generally accounted for under the equity method. Investment interests below 20% are generally accounted for under the cost method, except if the Company could exercise significant influence, the investment would be accounted for under the equity method. The Company’s judgment regarding the level of influence over each equity method investment includes considering key factors such as the Company’s ownership interest, representation on the board of directors, participation in policy-making decisions and material intercompany transactions. The Company includes its proportionate share of the net income or loss of equity-method investees in its condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

c. Use of Estimates

 The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions, including those related to impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets, stock-based compensation, the fair value of financial instruments including warrants, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, taxes and contingent and accrued liabilities. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other factors, including the current economic environment, which it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Estimates and assumptions are adjusted when facts and circumstances dictate. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions. Management believes that the estimates are reasonable.

d. Concentration of Risk

        For the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, one automotive original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) customer within the Catalyst segment accounted for 41% and 40%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues. This customer accounted for 30% and 24% of the Company’s accounts receivable at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. No other customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues or accounts receivable for these periods.            

        For the periods presented below, certain vendors accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s raw material purchases as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
Vendor	2014	2013
A	19%	13%
B	18%	16%
C	6%	16%
D	9%	13%

Vendor A above is a catalyst supplier, vendors B and D above are substrate suppliers and vendor C is a rare earth materials supplier.

e. Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares. Dilutive potential common shares include employee stock options and restricted share units (“RSUs”) and warrants and debt that are convertible into the Company’s common stock.

        Diluted net loss per share excludes certain dilutive potential common shares outstanding as their effect is anti-dilutive. Because the Company incurred net losses in the three months ended March 31, 2014 and 2013, the effect of potentially dilutive securities has been excluded in the computation of net loss per share and net loss from continuing operations per share as their impact would be anti-dilutive. Potential common stock equivalents excluded consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 31,
	2014	2013
Common stock options	635	786
RSUs	442	371
Warrants	340	923
Convertible notes	250	250
Total	1,667	2,330

f. Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value in accordance with a hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs which reflect market data obtained from independent sources and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

· Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

· Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable including quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and

· Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which little or no market activity exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing.

The Company records its liability-classified warrants at fair value in accordance with the fair value measurement framework. See Note 10 for further information on these liability-classified warrants. The valuation inputs hierarchy classification for the warrant liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis is summarized as follows (in thousands):

As of March 31, 2014:	Level 1	Level 2		Level 3
Warrant liability	─	─	$	485
Warrant liability	─	─	$	485

As of December 31, 2013:	Level 1	Level 2		Level 3
Warrant liability	-	-	$	939
Warrant liability	-	-	$	939

The following is a reconciliation of the warrant liability measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2014		2013
Balance at beginning of period	$	939	$	10
Exercise of common stock warrants		(2,505)		─
Remeasurement of common stock warrants		2,051		(3)
Balance at end of period	$	485	$	7

g. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments for which the determination of fair value is practicable. The fair values of the Company’s cash, trade accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate carrying values due to the short maturity of these instruments. The fair value of borrowings under the line of credit approximates their carrying value due to the variable interest rates. The fair value of shareholder notes payable, noncurrent, calculated using level 3 inputs, using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model to value the debt’s conversion factor and a net present value model was $7.6 million and $7.5 million at March 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively.

h. Reclassifications

        Certain prior-period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These changes had no impact on the previously reported consolidated results of operations or stockholders' equity.

i. Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

        In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, "Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity." The objective of ASU 2013-05 is to resolve the diversity in practice regarding the release into net income of the cumulative translation adjustment upon derecognition of a subsidiary or group of assets within a foreign entity. ASU 2013-05 was effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2013. Adoption of ASU 2013-05 in the first quarter of 2014 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or financial statement disclosures.

        In June 2013, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue 13-C, “Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists” which concludes an unrecognized tax benefit should be presented as a reduction of a deferred tax asset when settlement in this manner is available under the tax law. Adoption of this amendment in the first quarter of 2014 did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or financial statement disclosures.