We adopted ASU 2014-09 effective January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. We have applied the new standard to all open contracts at the date of initial application. The cumulative adjustment to the opening accumulated deficit balance at January 1, 2018 was immaterial.

We recognize sales of goods and services based on the five-step analysis of transactions as provided in Topic 606. For all contracts with customers, we first identify the contract which usually is established when a contract is fully executed by each party and consideration is expected to be received. Next, we identify the performance obligations in the contract. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer. We then determine the transaction price in the arrangement and allocate the transaction price, if necessary, to each performance obligation identified in the contract. The allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations are based on the relative standalone selling prices for the goods and services contained in a particular performance obligation. The transaction price is adjusted for the Company’s estimate of variable consideration which may include certain incentives and discounts, product returns, distributor fees, and storage fees. We evaluate the total amount of variable consideration expected to be earned by using the expected value method, as we believe this method represents the most appropriate estimate for this consideration, based on historical service trends, the individual contract considerations and our best judgment at the time. We include estimates of variable consideration in revenues only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. We also generate the majority of our revenue on usage based fees which are variable and depend entirely on our customers use of perpetual licenses, transactions processed on our hosted environment, advertisement placements on our service platform, and activity on our cloud based service platform.

We have made accounting policy elections to exclude all taxes by governmental authorities from the measurement of the transaction price, and since our standard payment terms are less than one year, we have elected the practical expedient not to assess whether a contract has a significant financing component.

In our Wireless segment, we sell our software solutions to major wireless network and cable operators. For our Netwise and CommSuite products, we may provide customization services for a fee to ensure our software solution can operate on their operating platforms and the operating platform of the mobile devices of our customer’s end users. In addition, since the mobile device OEMs change their operating systems regularly, we provide maintenance services to ensure utility of the software license is not diminished for our customers. We consider the customization services, the software license, and maintenance services to maintain the utility of the software license for our customers as a single performance obligation. We provide the perpetual license on a royalty free basis. Revenue related to customization services, if charged, is recognized at a point in time upon delivery and acceptance of the customized software license by the customer.

To support the Netwise and CommSuite solutions, we also provide customers with our hosted environment and ASP services for the duration of the license term. We consider the provision of these services to be a separate performance obligation. In these transactions, the total consideration expected is variable. We do not estimate when the variable consideration will be recognized because the License Usage Based Fees, Hosting Service Fees and ASP Advertising Fees relate specifically to our efforts to transfer the services for a specified period (month or quarter) which are distinct from the services provided in other specified periods. Our customer’s or the customer’s end customer’s usage occurs within the defined period, and the variability of our license, hosting and ASP fees is resolved in the specified period, and such fees earned are not subject to adjustment based on the activity in other periods.

We earn revenue from these services on a fixed fee per perpetual license usage on our hosted environment and advertising revenue share for advertisements placed by our customers on our platform. The usage fees are not earned until we transfer our software license to our customers. We recognize the usage based fees when we are entitled to the consideration earned for the distinct service period based on our customer’s usage of our licenses, hosting services, and ASP advertising platform (“hosted environment usage fees”).

Our SafePath solution is a hybrid Software as a Service offering. We consider the provision of the perpetual license and the cloud based platform as a single performance obligation. We provide the perpetual license on a royalty free basis and earn revenue based on a fixed fee usage of our cloud based services. We recognize the usage based fees when we are entitled to the consideration earned for the distinct service period based on our customer’s usage of our cloud based services.

During the first quarter of 2019, we acquired the Smart Retail contract asset from ISM Connect, LLC, later branded as ViewSpot. ViewSpot product is a cloud based platform that its Mobile Network Operator customers use to display its promotional content to mobile devices being sold in its retail outlets. Using this solution, the MNOs have the ability to promote specific mobile devices in targeted geographic retail locations and monitor the efficacy of the promotions and the mobile device user’s behavior to the targeted advertising. We sell a royalty free license, consulting services to configure the advertising content so that it can be displayed on targeted mobile devices, and cloud-based services to serve the advertising content and capture end consumer’s behavior on the mobile device. ViewSpot services depend on a significant level of integration, interdependency, and interrelation between the on-premise applications, consulting services and the cloud services, and are accounted for together as a single performance obligation. The ViewSpot services are sold on a fixed fee basis to our customers based on pre-defined purchase order. We receive upfront payments from customers for services to be provided under our ViewSpot arrangements. Since we are obligated to provide the required services over the contract period, the revenue is recognized over time. The advance receipts are deferred and subsequently recognized ratably over the contract period.

From time to time, we also provide consulting services to configure ad hoc targeted promotional content for our customers upon request. These requests are driven by our customers’ marketing initiatives and tend to be short term “bursts” of activity. We recognize revenues from these ad hoc services at a point in time which is upon delivery of the configured promotional content to the cloud platform.

In our Wireless segment, we have developed a roadmap for adding new functionality to our products to extend the product lifecycle and expand our customer’s use of the product on their networks. From time to time, we enter into consulting services arrangements with our customers to develop incremental functionality not included on our developmental roadmap. We earn revenue from our consulting services that is recognized at the time of delivery of the software when the services have been completed and control has been transferred to our customers.

We also enter into arrangements with certain customers to provide technology support services beyond the initial warranty period. Technology support services include e-mail and telephone support and unspecified rights to bug fixes available on a when-and-if available basis. We consider the provision of such technology support services to be a separate performance obligation. We generally bill in advance for a fixed term and recognize revenue from these arrangements ratably over the contractual term as we perform our services.

We sell our off-the-shelf Graphics software products directly to end users as well as through our distribution and reseller channel partners. These products require no customization and minimal post-sale technology support services. We recognize revenue from Software sales at the time we transfer control of the product to the customer. This occurs upon shipment of the product or when the customer downloads the software from our website or website of our distributor and resellers partners. In some instances, we will consign our software products to a distributor or reseller. In those instances, we recognize revenue when the end consumer takes control of the product.

We offer a 30 day return policy to our customers; a return reserve is established at the time revenue is recorded. We review available retail channel information and make a determination of a return provision for sales made to distributors and retailers based on current channel inventory levels and historical return patterns. The return reserve is monitored and adjusted based on actual experience. Historically, returns have been insignificant.

Unearned revenue represents amounts billed to customers for which revenue has not been recognized. Unearned revenue primarily consists of the unearned portion of monthly, quarterly and annually billed service fees and prepayments made by customers for a future period. We recognize revenue upon transfer of control.

We generally pay sales commissions to our sales force, which are incremental and recoverable costs of acquiring contracts. In most instances, sales commissions are only paid when we earn usage based fees on the contracts. The commission obligation is established each quarter based on the usage based fees earned. The commission obligation is not adjusted by future usage based fees earned, that is each period is discrete from the other. As a result of the structure of the commission plan, we record the commission expense when the commission obligation is determined, which is generally quarterly.

In the second quarter of 2019, we introduced an amended and restated sales commission plan that incentivizes and recognizes the efforts of eligible participants to earn commissions on future revenue generated on new contracts, sale of a new product to an existing contract, or sale of a product to a different group within an existing customer. The sales commissions are tiered based on the opportunity size. Sales commissions paid under this amended sales commission plan are incremental contract acquisition costs, and accordingly are recorded as a deferred contract asset that is amortized on a straight-line basis over the average contract life of the new, renewed and modified contract.

We incur costs to fulfill obligations under a contract. We recognize these costs as we fulfill our performance obligation and recognize revenue. Where we provide services and earn revenue over the contract term based on usage of our platforms, we recognize the associated fulfillment costs as they are incurred and as usage based revenue is recognized.

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2018
Wireless:
Hosted environment usage fees	$	19,517	$	18,889
Cloud based usage fees		20,011		3,327
Consulting services and other		3,076		2,258
Total wireless	$	42,604	$	24,474
Graphics:
Software		742		1,811
Total revenues	$	43,346	$	26,285