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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2014
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid financial instruments that are readily convertible to cash and have maturities of 90 days or less from the date of purchase. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, cash equivalents consisted of money market funds.

 

Short-term Investments

The Company has designated its marketable securities as of each balance sheet date as available-for-sale securities and accounts for them at their fair values. Marketable securities are classified as short-term or long-term investments based on the nature of these securities and the availability of these securities to meet current operating requirements. Marketable securities that are readily available for conversion to cash for use in current operations are classified as short-term available-for-sale securities and are reported as a component of current assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company reviews all available-for-sale securities at each period end to determine if they remain available-for-sale based on the Company’s then current intent and ability to sell the security if it is required to do so. As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company’s short-term investments consist of shares of common stock in Navidea Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Navidea” or “NAVB”). These securities are classified as freely tradable short term investments. The unrealized loss associated with these marketable securities has been determined to be temporary and therefore has been included in other comprehensive loss as a component of stockholders’ deficit.

Revenue Recognition

The Company evaluates multiple element revenue arrangements under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 605-25, Multiple-Element Arrangements. In addition to the form of the arrangement, the substance of the arrangement is also considered in determining whether separate agreements entered into, at or near the same time, that include elements that are interrelated or interdependent should be treated as one multiple-element arrangement. If the Company concludes that separate agreements represent one arrangement, then all the elements in the separate agreements are combined into one multiple-element arrangement for accounting purposes.

Revenues from non-refundable license fees are recognized upon receipt of the payment if the license has stand-alone value, we do not have ongoing involvement or obligations and, if there is a general right of return for the delivered item, delivery or performance of the undelivered item is probably or within our control. The consideration is allocated to the separate units of accounting as determined by the best estimate of the selling price which requires judgment on the part of management. When non-refundable license fees do not meet all of these criteria, the license revenues are recognized over the expected period of performance. Current period revenue reported represents the amortization of license fees over the associated term.

We will periodically review our expected period of substantial involvement under the agreements that provide for non-refundable up-front payments and license fees. We will adjust the amortization periods when appropriate to reflect changes in assumptions relating to the duration of our expected involvement. We could accelerate revenue recognition for non-refundable upfront payments or license fees in the event of an early termination of the agreements. Alternatively, we could decelerate such revenue recognition if our period of involvement is extended. While changes to such estimates have no impact on our reported cash flows, our reported revenue is significantly influenced by our estimates of the period over which our obligations are expected to be performed and, therefore, over which revenue will be recognized.

Revenues associated with substantive, at-risk milestones pursuant to our licensing agreements are recognized upon achievement of the milestones. We consider a milestone to be substantive at the inception of the arrangement if it is commensurate with either our performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement of the value of the delivered item as a result of a specific outcome resulting from our performance to achieve the milestone, it relates solely to past performance and it is reasonable relative to all of the deliverables and payment terms within the arrangement. Non-refundable contingent future amounts receivable in connection with future events specified in our licensing agreements that are not considered milestones will be recognized as revenue when payments are earned by our counterparties through completion of any underlying performance obligations, the amounts are fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The new presentation requirements under Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income”. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, on our marketable securities which are also recognized as separate components of equity. ASU 2011-05 requires companies to present the components of net income (loss) and the components of other comprehensive income (loss) either as one continuous statement or as two consecutive statements. In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, which requires an entity to separately present the amount reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) for each component of AOCI and to disclose, for each affected line item in the income statement, the amount of AOCI that has been reclassified into that line item. This information must be provided either on the face of the financial statements by income statement line item, or in a footnote. For public companies the amendments in the update became effective for interim or annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2012. As ASU 2013-02 and ASU 2011-05 impacted presentation only, neither had an effect on the Company’s financial position nor results of operations as of and for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2013, respectively.

 

Convertible Redeemable Shares

In accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity the Company determined that since Series F shares are redeemable at the option of the shareholder for cash or for a variable, uncapped, number of common shares, they are accounted for as temporary equity and the carrying value is adjusted to reflect the accretion of periodic dividends.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method. Under the liability method, deferred income taxes are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. They are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company is required to adjust its deferred tax liabilities in the period when tax rates or the provisions of the income tax laws change. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.

Restricted Marketable Securities

Pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated License Agreement with Harvard University and its affiliated hospitals (“Harvard”) entered into on July 31, 2012, the Company had an obligation to transfer 5,000 shares of the NAVB common stock to Harvard at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. The market value of the 5,000 shares held on June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was $7,400 and $10,350, respectively. The 5,000 shares of NAVB common stock held by the Company at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 is classified as restricted securities in the consolidated balance sheet and the corresponding liability is reported in other current liabilities.