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LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans receivable, including loans held for sale, at December 31, 2013 and 2012 are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Amount
 
Percent of Total
 
Amount
 
Percent of Total
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
502,601

 
14.7
%
 
$
489,581

 
15.1
%
Investment properties
692,457

 
20.3

 
583,641

 
18.0

Multifamily real estate
137,153

 
4.0

 
137,504

 
4.3

Commercial construction
12,168

 
0.4

 
30,229

 
0.9

Multifamily construction
52,081

 
1.5

 
22,581

 
0.7

One- to four-family construction
200,864

 
5.8

 
160,815

 
5.0

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
75,695

 
2.2

 
77,010

 
2.4

Commercial
10,450

 
0.3

 
13,982

 
0.4

Commercial business
682,169

 
20.0

 
618,049

 
19.1

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
228,291

 
6.7

 
230,031

 
7.1

One- to four-family real estate
529,494

 
15.5

 
581,670

 
18.0

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
173,188

 
5.1

 
170,123

 
5.3

Consumer—other
121,834

 
3.5

 
120,498

 
3.7

Total loans outstanding
3,418,445

 
100.0
%
 
3,235,714

 
100.0
%
Less allowance for loan losses
(74,990
)
 
 
 
(77,491
)
 
 
Net loans
$
3,343,455

 
 
 
$
3,158,223

 
 


Loan amounts are net of unearned, unamortized loan fees (and costs) of approximately $8.3 million at December 31, 2013 and approximately $9.0 million at December 31, 2012.
 
The Company’s loans by geographic concentration at December 31, 2013 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
Washington
 
Oregon
 
Idaho
 
Other
 
Total
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
379,666

 
$
56,054

 
$
58,279

 
$
8,602

 
$
502,601

Investment properties
487,775

 
101,326

 
60,216

 
43,140

 
692,457

Multifamily real estate
108,121

 
19,108

 
9,765

 
159

 
137,153

Commercial construction
11,335

 
703

 
130

 

 
12,168

Multifamily construction
37,979

 
14,102

 

 

 
52,081

One- to four-family construction
109,026

 
90,186

 
1,652

 

 
200,864

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
42,364

 
32,046

 
1,285

 

 
75,695

Commercial
5,156

 
3,364

 
1,930

 

 
10,450

Commercial business
405,275

 
85,676

 
68,853

 
122,365

 
682,169

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
118,569

 
59,020

 
50,702

 

 
228,291

One- to four-family real estate
333,147

 
171,950

 
21,807

 
2,590

 
529,494

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
113,710

 
45,917

 
12,864

 
697

 
173,188

Consumer—other
83,724

 
32,322

 
5,742

 
46

 
121,834

Total loans
$
2,235,847

 
$
711,774

 
$
293,225

 
$
177,599

 
$
3,418,445

Percent of total loans
65.4
%
 
20.8
%
 
8.6
%
 
5.2
%
 
100.0
%




The geographic concentrations of Banner’s land and land development loans by state at December 31, 2013 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
Washington
 
Oregon
 
Idaho
 
Total
Residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition and development
$
16,886

 
$
12,285

 
$
1,030

 
$
30,201

Improved land and lots
20,621

 
19,439

 
255

 
40,315

Unimproved land
4,857

 
322

 

 
5,179

Commercial and industrial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition and development

 

 
352

 
352

Improved land and lots
2,801

 
525

 
759

 
4,085

Unimproved land
2,355

 
2,839

 
819

 
6,013

Total land and land development loans
$
47,520

 
$
35,410

 
$
3,215

 
$
86,145

Percent of land and land development loans
55.2
%
 
41.1
%
 
3.7
%
 
100.0
%


The Company originates both adjustable- and fixed-rate loans.  At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the maturity and repricing composition of all those loans, less undisbursed amounts and deferred fees, were as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31
 
2013
 
2012
Fixed-rate (term to maturity):
 
 
 
Maturing in one year or less
$
122,313

 
$
183,004

Maturing after one year through three years
143,322

 
171,724

Maturing after three years through five years
187,279

 
173,251

Maturing after five years through ten years
209,869

 
167,858

Maturing after ten years
439,004

 
473,927

Total fixed-rate loans
1,101,787

 
1,169,764

Adjustable-rate (term to rate adjustment):
 
 
 
Maturing or repricing in one year or less
1,390,579

 
1,260,472

Maturing or repricing after one year through three years
279,791

 
275,223

Maturing or repricing after three years through five years
541,529

 
467,895

Maturing or repricing after five years through ten years
99,503

 
60,316

Maturing or repricing after ten years
5,256

 
2,044

Total adjustable-rate loans
2,316,658

 
2,065,950

Total loans
$
3,418,445

 
$
3,235,714



The adjustable-rate loans have interest rate adjustment limitations and are generally indexed to various prime or LIBOR rates, FHLB advance rates or One-to-Five-Year Constant Maturity Treasury Indices.  Future market factors may affect the correlation of the interest rate adjustment with the rates the Banks pay on the short-term deposits that primarily have been utilized to fund these loans.

The Company’s loans to directors, executive officers and related entities are on substantially the same terms and underwriting as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with unrelated persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collectability.  Such loans had the following balances and activity during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31
 
2013
 
2012
Balance at beginning of year
$
12,463

 
$
10,239

New loans or advances
39,921

 
31,394

Repayments and adjustments
(36,408
)
 
(29,170
)
Balance at end of period
$
15,976

 
$
12,463



Impaired Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses.  A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and circumstances, the Company determines it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments.  Impaired loans are comprised of loans on nonaccrual, TDRs that are performing under their restructured terms, and loans that are 90 days or more past due, but are still on accrual.

The amount of impaired loans and the related allocated reserve for loan losses at the dates indicated were as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Loan Amount
 
Allocated
Reserves
 
Loan Amount
 
Allocated
Reserves
Impaired loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
2,466

 
$
31

 
$
4,105

 
$
618

Investment properties
3,821

 
89

 
2,474

 
56

One- to four-family construction
269

 

 
1,565

 
326

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
924

 
6

 
2,061

 
323

Commercial

 

 
46

 
12

Commercial business
724

 
104

 
4,750

 
344

One- to four-family residential
12,532

 
250

 
12,964

 
520

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
903

 
13

 
2,073

 
41

Consumer—other
269

 
1

 
1,323

 
16

Total nonaccrual loans
21,908

 
494

 
31,361

 
2,256

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans past due and still accruing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
105

 
8

 

 

One- to four-family residential
2,611

 
16

 
2,877

 
58

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
13

 

 
72

 
1

Consumer—other
131

 
1

 
80

 
3

Total loans past due and still accruing
2,860

 
25

 
3,029

 
62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Troubled debt restructuring on accrual status:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
186

 
4

 
188

 
4

Investment properties
5,367

 
415

 
7,034

 
664

Multifamily real estate
5,744

 
1,139

 
7,131

 
1,665

One- to four-family construction
6,864

 
1,002

 
6,726

 
1,115

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
4,061

 
754

 
4,842

 
667

Commercial business
1,299

 
222

 
2,975

 
610

One- to four-family residential
23,302

 
1,355

 
27,540

 
1,228

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
360

 
33

 
538

 
38

Consumer—other
245

 
34

 
488

 
29

Total troubled debt restructurings on accrual status
47,428

 
4,958

 
57,462

 
6,020

Total impaired loans
$
72,196

 
$
5,477

 
$
91,852

 
$
8,338



As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had commitments to advance funds up to an additional amount of $225,000 and $1.6 million, respectively, related to TDRs.

The following tables provide additional information on impaired loans with and without specific allowance reserves as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.  Recorded investment includes the unpaid principal balance or the carrying amount of loans less charge-offs and net deferred loan fees (in thousands):
 
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Recorded Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
Without a specific allowance reserve (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
534

 
$
584

 
$
31

 
$
569

 
$

Investment properties
429

 
974

 
89

 
624

 

Commercial business
724

 
1,040

 
104

 
896

 

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
105

 
105

 
8

 
110

 
8

One- to four-family residential
8,611

 
9,229

 
42

 
8,889

 
31

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
870

 
1,013

 
13

 
900

 
1

Consumer—other
276

 
285

 
2

 
287

 
8

 
11,549

 
13,230

 
289

 
12,275

 
48

With a specific allowance reserve (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
2,118

 
2,118

 
4

 
2,192

 
12

Investment properties
8,759

 
10,395

 
415

 
8,353

 
241

Multifamily real estate
5,744

 
5,744

 
1,139

 
5,705

 
298

One- to four-family construction
7,133

 
7,213

 
1,002

 
5,870

 
239

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
4,985

 
6,140

 
760

 
6,053

 
221

Commercial business
1,298

 
1,298

 
222

 
1,340

 
59

One- to four-family residential
29,834

 
31,440

 
1,579

 
31,668

 
1,032

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
406

 
407

 
33

 
503

 
24

Consumer—other
370

 
386

 
34

 
390

 
21

 
60,647

 
65,141

 
5,188

 
62,074

 
2,147

Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner occupied
2,652

 
2,702

 
35

 
2,761

 
12

Investment properties
9,188

 
11,369

 
504

 
8,977

 
241

Multifamily real estate
5,744

 
5,744

 
1,139

 
5,705

 
298

One- to four-family construction
7,133

 
7,213

 
1,002

 
5,870

 
239

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
4,985

 
6,140

 
760

 
6,053

 
221

Commercial business
2,022

 
2,338

 
326

 
2,236

 
59

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
105

 
105

 
8

 
110

 
8

One- to four-family residential
38,445

 
40,669

 
1,621

 
40,557

 
1,063

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,276

 
1,420

 
46

 
1,403

 
25

Consumer—other
646

 
671

 
36

 
677

 
29

 
$
72,196

 
$
78,371

 
$
5,477

 
$
74,349

 
$
2,195


 
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
Recorded Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
Without a specific allowance reserve (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
1,300

 
$
1,551

 
$
103

 
$
1,470

 
$

Investment properties
624

 
861

 
90

 
735

 
17

Multifamily real estate
2,131

 
2,131

 
392

 
2,136

 
113

One- to four-family construction
4,460

 
4,460

 
571

 
3,335

 
145

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
2,122

 
2,587

 
404

 
2,948

 
73

Commercial
46

 
46

 
12

 
46

 

Commercial business
4,352

 
4,970

 
821

 
2,121

 
154

One- to four-family residential
10,886

 
12,004

 
150

 
11,458

 
44

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,641

 
2,335

 
54

 
1,966

 
14

Consumer—other
1,167

 
1,275

 
16

 
1,297

 
5

 
28,729

 
32,220

 
2,613

 
27,512

 
565

With a specific allowance reserve (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
2,993

 
2,993

 
519

 
3,113

 

Investment properties
8,884

 
10,120

 
630

 
9,449

 
229

Multifamily real estate
5,000

 
5,000

 
1,273

 
5,000

 
295

One- to four-family construction
3,831

 
3,831

 
870

 
3,611

 
194

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
4,782

 
4,782

 
586

 
5,039

 
185

Commercial business
3,373

 
3,734

 
133

 
3,931

 
6

One- to four-family residential
32,494

 
33,672

 
1,656

 
33,100

 
1,259

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,042

 
1,140

 
26

 
1,074

 
15

Consumer—other
724

 
740

 
32

 
754

 

 
63,123

 
66,012

 
5,725

 
65,071

 
2,183

Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
4,293

 
4,544

 
622

 
4,583

 

Investment properties
9,508

 
10,981

 
720

 
10,184

 
246

Multifamily real estate
7,131

 
7,131

 
1,665

 
7,136

 
408

One- to four-family construction
8,291

 
8,291

 
1,441

 
6,946

 
339

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
6,904

 
7,369

 
990

 
7,987

 
258

Commercial
46

 
46

 
12

 
46

 

Commercial business
7,725

 
8,704

 
954

 
6,052

 
160

One- to four-family residential
43,380

 
45,676

 
1,806

 
44,558

 
1,303

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
2,683

 
3,475

 
80

 
3,040

 
29

Consumer—other
1,891

 
2,015

 
48

 
2,051

 
5

 
$
91,852

 
$
98,232

 
$
8,338

 
$
92,583

 
$
2,748


(1) 
Loans without a specific allowance reserve have not been individually evaluated for impairment, but have been included in pools of homogeneous loans for evaluation of related allowance reserves.
(2) 
Loans with a specific allowance reserve have been individually evaluated for impairment using either a discounted cash flow analysis or, for collateral dependent loans, current appraisals to establish realizable value. These analyses may identify a specific impairment amount needed or may conclude that no reserve is needed. Any specific impairment that is identified is included in the category’s "Related Allowance" column.

The following tables present TDRs at December 31, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2013
 
Accrual
Status
 
Nonaccrual
Status
 
Total
Modifications
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
186

 
$
613

 
$
799

Investment properties
5,367

 
1,630

 
6,997

Multifamily real estate
5,744

 

 
5,744

One- to four-family construction
6,864

 
269

 
7,133

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
4,061

 
174

 
4,235

Commercial business
1,299

 
164

 
1,463

One- to four-family residential
23,302

 
2,474

 
25,776

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
360

 
252

 
612

Consumer—other
245

 
123

 
368

 
$
47,428

 
$
5,699

 
$
53,127


 
December 31, 2012
 
Accrual
Status
 
Nonaccrual
Status
 
Total
Modifications
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
188

 
$
1,551

 
$
1,739

Investment properties
7,034

 
1,514

 
8,548

Multifamily real estate
7,131

 

 
7,131

One- to four-family construction
6,726

 
1,044

 
7,770

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
4,842

 
15

 
4,857

Commercial business
2,975

 
247

 
3,222

One- to four-family residential
27,540

 
2,703

 
30,243

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
538

 
496

 
1,034

Consumer—other
488

 
396

 
884

 
$
57,462

 
$
7,966

 
$
65,428



The following tables present new TDRs that occurred during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 (dollars in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Number of
Loans
 
Pre-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
 
Post-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Recorded Investment (1) (2)
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
1

 
$
1,246

 
$
1,246

Multifamily real estate
1

 
375

 
375

One- to four-family construction
8

 
3,082

 
3,082

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
2

 
1,029

 
1,029

Commercial business
1

 
100

 
100

One- to four-family residential
10

 
2,726

 
2,726

 
23

 
$
8,558

 
$
8,558


 
Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
Number of
Loans
 
Pre-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
 
Post-modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Recorded Investment (1) (2)
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
1

 
$
943

 
$
943

Investment properties
6

 
3,891

 
3,891

Multifamily real estate
2

 
5,054

 
5,054

One- to four-family construction
23

 
5,454

 
5,454

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
6

 
3,341

 
3,341

Commercial business
9

 
1,886

 
1,886

One- to four-family residential
29

 
10,914

 
10,914

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
3

 
206

 
206

Consumer—other
2

 
368

 
368

 
81

 
$
32,057

 
$
32,057

 
(1) 
Since most loans were already considered classified and/or on non-accrual status prior to restructuring, the modifications did not have a material effect on the Company’s determination of the allowance for loan losses.
(2) 
The majority of these modifications do not fit into one separate type, such as: rate, term, amount, interest-only or payment; but instead are a combination of multiple types of modifications, therefore they are disclosed in aggregate.

The following table presents TDRs which incurred a payment default within the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, for which the payment default occurred within twelve months of the restructure date.  A default on a restructured loan results in a transfer to nonaccrual status, a charge-off or a combination of both (in thousands):
 
Years Ended December 31
 
2013
 
2012
 
Number of Loans
 
Amount
 
Number of Loans
 
Amount
Commercial real estate

 
$

 
2

 
$
2,346

Construction and land
2

 
483

 
6

 
1,044

Commercial business
2

 
321

 

 

One- to four-family residential
2

 
222

 
4

 
492

Balance, end of period
6

 
$
1,026

 
12

 
$
3,882



Credit Quality Indicators:  To appropriately and effectively manage the ongoing credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management has implemented a risk-rating or loan grading system for its loans.  The system is a tool to evaluate portfolio asset quality throughout each applicable loan’s life as an asset of the Company.  Generally, loans and leases are risk rated on an aggregate borrower/relationship basis with individual loans sharing similar ratings.  There are some instances when specific situations relating to individual loans will provide the basis for different risk ratings within the aggregate relationship.  Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9.  A description of the general characteristics of these categories is shown below:

Overall Risk Rating Definitions:  Risk-ratings contain both qualitative and quantitative measurements and take into account the financial strength of a borrower and the structure of the loan or lease.  Consequently, the definitions are to be applied in the context of each lending transaction and judgment must also be used to determine the appropriate risk rating, as it is not unusual for a loan or lease to exhibit characteristics of more than one risk-rating category.  Consideration for the final rating is centered in the borrower’s ability to repay, in a timely fashion, both principal and interest.  There were no material changes in the risk-rating or loan grading system in 2013.

Risk Rating 1: Exceptional
A credit supported by exceptional financial strength, stability, and liquidity.  The risk rating of 1 is reserved for the Company’s top quality loans, generally reserved for investment grade credits underwritten to the standards of institutional credit providers.

Risk Rating 2: Excellent
A credit supported by excellent financial strength, stability and liquidity.  The risk rating of 2 is reserved for very strong and highly stable customers with ready access to alternative financing sources.

Risk Rating 3: Strong
A credit supported by good overall financial strength and stability.  Collateral margins are strong, cash flow is stable although susceptible to cyclical market changes.

Risk Rating 4: Acceptable
A credit supported by the borrower’s adequate financial strength and stability.  Assets and cash flow are reasonably sound and provide for orderly debt reduction.  Access to alternative financing sources will be more difficult to obtain.

Risk Rating 5: Watch
A credit with the characteristics of an acceptable credit but one which requires more than the normal level of supervision and warrants formal quarterly management reporting.  Credits in this category are not yet criticized or classified, but due to adverse events or aspects of underwriting require closer than normal supervision. Generally, credits should be watch credits in most cases for six months or less as the impact of stress factors are analyzed.

Risk Rating 6: Special Mention
A credit with potential weaknesses that deserves management’s close attention is risk rated a 6.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses will result in deterioration in the capacity to repay debt.  A key distinction between Special Mention and Substandard is that in a Special Mention credit, there are identified weaknesses that pose potential risk(s) to the repayment sources, versus well defined weaknesses that pose risk(s) to the repayment sources.  Assets in this category are expected to be in this category no more than 9-12 months as the potential weaknesses in the credit are resolved.

Risk Rating 7: Substandard
A credit with well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the ability to repay in full is risk rated a 7.  These credits are inadequately protected by either the sound net worth and payment capacity of the borrower or the value of pledged collateral.  These are credits with a distinct possibility of loss.  Loans headed for foreclosure and/or legal action due to deterioration are rated 7 or worse.

Risk Rating 8: Doubtful
A credit with an extremely high probability of loss is risk rated 8.  These credits have all the same critical weaknesses that are found in a substandard loan; however, the weaknesses are elevated to the point that based upon current information, collection or liquidation in full is improbable.  While some loss on doubtful credits is expected, pending events may strengthen a credit making the amount and timing of any loss indeterminate.  In these situations taking the loss is inappropriate until it is clear that the pending event has failed to strengthen the credit and improve the capacity to repay debt.

Risk Rating 9: Loss
A credit that is considered to be currently uncollectible or of such little value that it is no longer a viable Bank asset is risk rated 9.  Losses are taken in the accounting period in which the credit is determined to be uncollectible.  Taking a loss does not mean that a credit has absolutely no recovery or salvage value but, rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the credit, even though partial recovery may occur in the future.

The following table shows Banner’s portfolio of risk-rated loans and non-risk-rated loans by grade or other characteristic as of December 31, 2013 (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2013
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total Loans
Risk-rated loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass (Risk Ratings 1-5) (1)
$
1,160,921

 
$
131,523

 
$
332,150

 
$
655,007

 
$
225,329

 
$
511,967

 
$
291,992

 
$
3,308,889

Special mention
6,614

 

 
350

 
10,484

 
561

 

 
106

 
18,115

Substandard
26,979

 
5,630

 
18,758

 
16,669

 
2,401

 
17,527

 
2,924

 
90,888

Doubtful
544

 

 

 
9

 

 

 

 
553

Total loans
$
1,195,058

 
$
137,153

 
$
351,258

 
$
682,169

 
$
228,291

 
$
529,494

 
$
295,022

 
$
3,418,445

Performing loans
$
1,188,771

 
$
137,153

 
$
350,065

 
$
681,445

 
$
228,187

 
$
514,351

 
$
293,705

 
$
3,393,677

Non-performing loans (2)
6,287

 

 
1,193

 
724

 
104

 
15,143

 
1,317

 
24,768

Total loans
$
1,195,058

 
$
137,153

 
$
351,258

 
$
682,169

 
$
228,291

 
$
529,494

 
$
295,022

 
$
3,418,445


(1) 
The Pass category includes some performing loans that are part of homogenous pools which are not individually risk-rated.  This includes all consumer loans, all one- to four-family residential loans and, as of December 31, 2013, in the commercial business category, $94 million of credit-scored small business loans.  As loans in these pools become non-performing, they are individually risk-rated.
(2) 
Non-performing loans include loans on non-accrual status and loans more than 90 days delinquent, but still accruing interest.

The following table shows Banner’s portfolio of risk-rated loans and non-risk-rated loans by grade or other characteristic as of December 31, 2012 (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2012
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total Loans
Risk-rated loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass (Risk Ratings 1-5) (1)
$
1,016,964

 
$
130,815

 
$
274,407

 
$
581,846

 
$
228,304

 
$
560,781

 
$
284,816

 
$
3,077,933

Special mention
14,332

 

 
3,146

 
7,905

 
713

 
438

 
148

 
26,682

Substandard
41,382

 
6,689

 
27,064

 
28,287

 
1,014

 
20,451

 
5,657

 
130,544

Doubtful
544

 

 

 
11

 

 

 

 
555

Total loans
$
1,073,222

 
$
137,504

 
$
304,617

 
$
618,049

 
$
230,031

 
$
581,670

 
$
290,621

 
$
3,235,714

Performing loans
$
1,066,643

 
$
137,504

 
$
300,945

 
$
613,299

 
$
230,031

 
$
565,829

 
$
287,073

 
$
3,201,324

Non-performing loans (2)
6,579

 

 
3,672

 
4,750

 

 
15,841

 
3,548

 
34,390

Total loans
$
1,073,222

 
$
137,504

 
$
304,617

 
$
618,049

 
$
230,031

 
$
581,670

 
$
290,621

 
$
3,235,714


(1) 
The Pass category includes some performing loans that are part of homogenous pools which are not individually risk-rated.  This includes all consumer loans, all one- to four-family residential loans and, as of December 31, 2012, in the commercial business category, $77 million of credit-scored small business loans.  As loans in these pools become non-performing, they are individually risk-rated.
(2) 
Non-performing loans include loans on non-accrual status and loans more than 90 days delinquent, but still accruing interest.

The following tables provide additional detail on the age analysis of Banner’s past due loans as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2013
 
30-59 Days Past Due
 
60-89 Days Past Due
 
Greater Than 90 Days Past Due
 
Total Past Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
 
Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
883

 
$
550

 
$
813

 
$
2,246

 
$
500,355

 
$
502,601

 
$

Investment properties

 

 

 

 
692,457

 
692,457

 

Multifamily real estate
1,845

 
785

 

 
2,630

 
134,523

 
137,153

 

Commercial construction

 

 

 

 
12,168

 
12,168

 

Multifamily construction

 

 

 

 
52,081

 
52,081

 

One- to four-family construction
9

 
7

 
4

 
20

 
200,844

 
200,864

 

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential

 

 
251

 
251

 
75,444

 
75,695

 

Commercial

 

 

 

 
10,450

 
10,450

 

Commercial business
2,001

 
2

 
299

 
2,302

 
679,867

 
682,169

 

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland

 

 

 

 
228,291

 
228,291

 
105

One- to four-family residential
521

 
2,550

 
9,142

 
12,213

 
517,281

 
529,494

 
2,611

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
723

 
93

 
918

 
1,734

 
171,454

 
173,188

 
13

Consumer—other
384

 
99

 
131

 
614

 
121,220

 
121,834

 
131

Total
$
6,366

 
$
4,086

 
$
11,558

 
$
22,010

 
$
3,396,435

 
$
3,418,445

 
$
2,860




 
December 31, 2012
 
30-59 Days Past Due
 
60-89 Days Past Due
 
Greater Than 90 Days Past Due
 
Total Past Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
 
Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
1,693

 
$

 
$
1,371

 
$
3,064

 
$
486,517

 
$
489,581

 
$

Investment properties
743

 

 
1,431

 
2,174

 
581,467

 
583,641

 

Multifamily real estate

 

 

 

 
137,504

 
137,504

 

Commercial construction

 

 

 

 
30,229

 
30,229

 

Multifamily construction

 

 

 

 
22,581

 
22,581

 

One- to four-family construction
611

 

 

 
611

 
160,204

 
160,815

 

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential

 

 
2,047

 
2,047

 
74,963

 
77,010

 

Commercial
2,083

 

 
45

 
2,128

 
11,854

 
13,982

 

Commercial business
1,849

 
49

 
842

 
2,740

 
615,309

 
618,049

 

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland

 

 

 

 
230,031

 
230,031

 

One- to four-family residential
1,376

 
3,468

 
11,488

 
16,332

 
565,338

 
581,670

 
2,877

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
699

 
74

 
1,204

 
1,977

 
168,146

 
170,123

 
72

Consumer—other
816

 
673

 
839

 
2,328

 
118,170

 
120,498

 
80

Total
$
9,870

 
$
4,264

 
$
19,267

 
$
33,401

 
$
3,202,313

 
$
3,235,714

 
$
3,029

The following tables provide additional information on the allowance for loan losses and loan balances individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at or for the year ended December 31, 2013 (in thousands):
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2013
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments
and
Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
15,322

 
$
4,506

 
$
14,991

 
$
9,957

 
$
2,295

 
$
16,475

 
$
1,348

 
$
12,597

 
$
77,491

Provision for loan losses
1,639

 
800

 
2,195

 
1,925

 
97

 
(2,995
)
 
1,086

 
(4,747
)
 

Recoveries
2,367

 

 
2,275

 
1,673

 
697

 
145

 
340

 

 
7,497

Charge-offs
(2,569
)
 

 
(1,821
)
 
(1,782
)
 
(248
)
 
(2,139
)
 
(1,439
)
 

 
(9,998
)
Ending balance
$
16,759

 
$
5,306

 
$
17,640

 
$
11,773

 
$
2,841

 
$
11,486

 
$
1,335

 
$
7,850

 
$
74,990

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments
and
Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance individually evaluated for impairment
$
419

 
$
1,139

 
$
1,762

 
$
222

 
$

 
$
1,579

 
$
67

 
$

 
$
5,188

Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment
16,340

 
4,167

 
15,878

 
11,551

 
2,841

 
9,907

 
1,268

 
7,850

 
69,802

Total allowance for loan losses
$
16,759

 
$
5,306

 
$
17,640

 
$
11,773

 
$
2,841

 
$
11,486

 
$
1,335

 
$
7,850

 
$
74,990

 
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments
and
Unallocated
 
Total
Loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
10,877

 
$
5,744

 
$
12,118

 
$
1,298

 
$

 
$
29,834

 
$
776

 
$

 
$
60,647

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
1,184,181

 
131,409

 
339,140

 
680,871

 
228,291

 
499,660

 
294,246

 

 
3,357,798

Total loans
$
1,195,058

 
$
137,153

 
$
351,258

 
$
682,169

 
$
228,291

 
$
529,494

 
$
295,022

 
$

 
$
3,418,445


The following tables provide additional information on the allowance for loan losses and loan balances individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at or for the year ended December 31, 2012 (in thousands):
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments
and
Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
16,457

 
$
3,952

 
$
18,184

 
$
15,159

 
$
1,548

 
$
12,299

 
$
1,253

 
$
14,060

 
$
82,912

Provision for loan losses
2,009

 
554

 
399

 
(1,142
)
 
1,154

 
8,918

 
2,571

 
(1,463
)
 
13,000

Recoveries
921

 

 
2,954

 
2,425

 
49

 
586

 
531

 

 
7,466

Charge-offs
(4,065
)
 

 
(6,546
)
 
(6,485
)
 
(456
)
 
(5,328
)
 
(3,007
)
 

 
(25,887
)
Ending balance
$
15,322

 
$
4,506

 
$
14,991

 
$
9,957

 
$
2,295

 
$
16,475

 
$
1,348

 
$
12,597

 
$
77,491

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments
and
Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance individually evaluated for impairment
$
1,149

 
$
1,273

 
$
1,456

 
$
133

 
$

 
$
1,656

 
$
58

 
$

 
$
5,725

Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment
14,173

 
3,233

 
13,535

 
9,824

 
2,295

 
14,819

 
1,290

 
12,597

 
71,766

Total allowance for loan losses
$
15,322

 
$
4,506

 
$
14,991

 
$
9,957

 
$
2,295

 
$
16,475

 
$
1,348

 
$
12,597

 
$
77,491

 

 
 
December 31, 2012
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction
and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments
and
Unallocated
 
Total
Loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
11,877

 
$
5,000

 
$
8,613

 
$
3,373

 
$

 
$
32,494

 
$
1,766

 
$

 
$
63,123

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
1,061,345

 
132,504

 
296,004

 
614,676

 
230,031

 
549,176

 
288,855

 

 
3,172,591

Total loans
$
1,073,222

 
$
137,504

 
$
304,617

 
$
618,049

 
$
230,031

 
$
581,670

 
$
290,621

 
$

 
$
3,235,714