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LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2013
Receivables [Abstract]  
LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
LOANS RECEIVABLE AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

We originate residential mortgage loans for both portfolio investment and sale in the secondary market.  At the time of origination, mortgage loans are designated as held for sale or held for investment.  Loans held for sale are stated at the lower of cost or estimated market value determined on an aggregate basis.  Net unrealized losses on loans held for sale are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income.  The Banks also originate construction, land and land development, commercial and multifamily real estate, commercial business, agricultural business and consumer loans for portfolio investment.  Loans receivable not designated as held for sale are recorded at the principal amount outstanding, net of allowance for loan losses, deferred fees and origination costs, discounts and premiums.  Premiums, discounts and deferred loan fees and origination costs are amortized to maturity using the level-yield methodology.

Interest is accrued as earned unless management doubts the collectability of the loan or the unpaid interest.  Interest accruals are generally discontinued when loans become 90 days past due for scheduled interest payments.  All previously accrued but uncollected interest is deducted from interest income upon transfer to nonaccrual status.  Future collection of interest is included in interest income based upon an assessment of the likelihood that the loans will be repaid or recovered.  A loan may be put on nonaccrual status sooner than this policy would dictate if, in management’s judgment, the loan may be uncollectable.  Such interest is then recognized as income only if it is ultimately collected.

Loans receivable, including loans held for sale, at June 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and June 30, 2012 are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
June 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
June 30, 2012
 
Amount
 
Percent
of Total
 
Amount
 
Percent
of Total
 
Amount
 
Percent
of Total
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
500,812

 
15.2
%
 
$
489,581

 
15.1
%
 
$
477,621

 
14.9
%
Investment properties
595,896

 
18.1

 
583,641

 
18.0

 
613,965

 
19.1

Multifamily real estate
137,027

 
4.2

 
137,504

 
4.3

 
130,319

 
4.1

Commercial construction
25,629

 
0.8

 
30,229

 
0.9

 
23,808

 
0.7

Multifamily construction
39,787

 
1.2

 
22,581

 
0.7

 
18,132

 
0.6

One- to four-family construction
191,003

 
5.8

 
160,815

 
5.0

 
157,301

 
4.9

Land and land development:
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 

 
 
Residential
86,037

 
2.6

 
77,010

 
2.4

 
83,185

 
2.6

Commercial
11,228

 
0.3

 
13,982

 
0.4

 
11,451

 
0.4

Commercial business
639,840

 
19.4

 
618,049

 
19.1

 
600,046

 
18.7

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
233,967

 
7.1

 
230,031

 
7.1

 
211,705

 
6.6

One- to four-family residential
552,698

 
16.8

 
581,670

 
18.0

 
607,489

 
18.9

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer
112,938

 
3.4

 
120,498

 
3.7

 
103,504

 
3.2

Consumer secured by one- to four-family
163,339

 
5.0

 
170,123

 
5.3

 
173,731

 
5.4

Total loans outstanding
3,290,201

 
100.0
%
 
3,235,714

 
100.0
%
 
3,212,257

 
100.0
%
Less allowance for loan losses
(76,853
)
 
 

 
(77,491
)
 
 

 
(80,221
)
 
 

Net loans
$
3,213,348

 
 

 
$
3,158,223

 
 

 
$
3,132,036

 
 



Loan amounts are net of unearned loan fees and unamortized costs of $8.9 million as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 and $9.7 million as of June 30, 2012.

The Company’s total loans by geographic concentration at June 30, 2013 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
Washington
 
Oregon
 
Idaho
 
Other
 
Total
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
381,289

 
$
56,671

 
$
56,678

 
$
6,174

 
$
500,812

Investment properties
463,804

 
82,395

 
46,497

 
3,200

 
595,896

Multifamily real estate
110,477

 
16,917

 
9,402

 
231

 
137,027

Commercial construction
17,184

 
3,686

 
589

 
4,170

 
25,629

Multifamily construction
13,868

 
25,919

 

 

 
39,787

One- to four-family construction
104,686

 
83,559

 
2,758

 

 
191,003

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
57,834

 
26,750

 
1,453

 

 
86,037

Commercial
6,351

 
3,015

 
1,862

 

 
11,228

Commercial business
406,876

 
76,532

 
61,731

 
94,701

 
639,840

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
116,785

 
51,205

 
65,977

 

 
233,967

One- to four-family residential
349,302

 
177,641

 
23,727

 
2,028

 
552,698

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
108,818

 
41,718

 
12,157

 
646

 
163,339

Consumer—other
76,106

 
31,482

 
5,335

 
15

 
112,938

Total loans
$
2,213,380

 
$
677,490

 
$
288,166

 
$
111,165

 
$
3,290,201

Percent of total loans
67.3
%
 
20.6
%
 
8.7
%
 
3.4
%
 
100.0
%


The geographic concentrations of the Company’s land and land development loans by state at June 30, 2013 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
Washington
 
Oregon
 
Idaho
 
Total
Residential:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition and development
$
16,447

 
$
9,987

 
$
1,258

 
$
27,692

Improved land and lots
32,960

 
16,313

 
195

 
49,468

Unimproved land
8,427

 
450

 

 
8,877

Commercial:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Acquisition and development

 

 
481

 
481

Improved land and lots
3,549

 
135

 
529

 
4,213

Unimproved land
2,802

 
2,880

 
852

 
6,534

Total land and land development loans
$
64,185

 
$
29,765

 
$
3,315

 
$
97,265

Percent of land and land development loans
66.0
%
 
30.6
%
 
3.4
%
 
100.0
%


The Company originates both adjustable- and fixed-rate loans.  The maturity and repricing composition of those loans, less undisbursed amounts and deferred fees and origination costs, at June 30, 2013, December 31, 2012 and June 30, 2012 were as follows (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
June 30, 2012
Fixed-rate (term to maturity):
 
 
 
 
 
Due in one year or less
$
145,221

 
$
183,004

 
$
233,525

Due after one year through three years
167,187

 
171,724

 
223,624

Due after three years through five years
201,672

 
173,251

 
161,094

Due after five years through ten years
192,594

 
167,858

 
155,490

Due after ten years
425,603

 
473,927

 
474,366

Total fixed-rate loans
1,132,277

 
1,169,764

 
1,248,099

Adjustable-rate (term to rate adjustment):
 

 
 

 
 

Due in one year or less
1,292,387

 
1,260,472

 
1,193,230

Due after one year through three years
266,841

 
275,223

 
322,336

Due after three years through five years
526,563

 
467,895

 
408,015

Due after five years through ten years
69,797

 
60,316

 
38,782

Due after ten years
2,336

 
2,044

 
1,795

Total adjustable-rate loans
2,157,924

 
2,065,950

 
1,964,158

Total loans
$
3,290,201

 
$
3,235,714

 
$
3,212,257



The adjustable-rate loans have interest rate adjustment limitations and are generally indexed to various prime (The Wall Street Journal) or London Inter-bank Offering Rate (LIBOR) rates, One to Five Year Constant Maturity Treasury Indices or FHLB advance rates.  Future market factors may affect the correlation of the interest rate adjustment with the rates the Banks pay on the short-term deposits that were primarily utilized to fund these loans.

Impaired Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses.  A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and circumstances, the Company determines it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments.  Impaired loans are comprised of loans on nonaccrual, troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) that are performing under their restructured terms, and loans that are 90 days or more past due, but are still on accrual.

Troubled Debt Restructures. Some of the Company’s loans are reported as TDRs.  Loans are reported as TDRs when the bank grants a concession(s) to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties that it would not otherwise consider.  Examples of such concessions include forgiveness of principal or accrued interest, extending the maturity date(s) or providing a lower interest rate than would be normally available for a transaction of similar risk.  Our TDRs have generally not involved forgiveness of amounts due, but almost always include a modification of multiple factors; the most common combination includes interest rate, payment amount and maturity date. As a result of these concessions, restructured loans are impaired as the bank will not collect all amounts due, both principal and interest, in accordance with the terms of the original loan agreement.  Loans identified as TDRs are accounted for in accordance with the Company's impaired loan accounting policies.

The amount of impaired loans and the related allocated reserve for loan losses as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 were as follows (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2013
 
December 31, 2012
 
Loan Amount
 
Allocated Reserves
 
Loan Amount
 
Allocated
Reserves
Impaired loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
2,898

 
$
45

 
$
4,105

 
$
618

Investment properties
1,912

 
87

 
2,474

 
56

Multifamily real estate
335

 
70

 

 

One- to four-family construction
1,764

 
265

 
1,565

 
326

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
1,011

 
88

 
2,061

 
323

Commercial

 

 
46

 
12

Commercial business
2,819

 
207

 
4,750

 
344

One- to four-family residential
11,465

 
336

 
12,964

 
520

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,120

 
19

 
2,073

 
41

Consumer—other
818

 
6

 
1,323

 
16

Total nonaccrual loans
$
24,142

 
$
1,123

 
$
31,361

 
$
2,256

Past due and still accruing
$
1,959

 
$
16

 
$
3,029

 
$
62

Troubled debt restructuring on accrual status:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
187

 
$
4

 
$
188

 
$
4

Investment properties
7,047

 
746

 
7,034

 
664

Multifamily real estate
5,815

 
1,326

 
7,131

 
1,665

One- to four-family construction
6,964

 
1,042

 
6,726

 
1,115

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
4,352

 
762

 
4,842

 
667

Commercial business
1,179

 
216

 
2,975

 
610

One- to four-family residential
25,301

 
1,654

 
27,540

 
1,228

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
410

 
26

 
538

 
29

Consumer—other
478

 
58

 
488

 
38

Total troubled debt restructurings on accrual status
51,733

 
5,834

 
57,462

 
6,020

Total impaired loans
$
77,834

 
$
6,973

 
$
91,852

 
$
8,338



As of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the Company had commitments to advance funds up to an additional amount of $1.6 million related to TDRs.

The following tables provide additional information on impaired loans with and without specific allowance reserves at or for the six months ended June 30, 2013 and at or for the year ended December 31, 2012 (in thousands):
 
At or For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
Without a specific allowance reserve (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
877

 
$
1,027

 
$
45

 
$
898

 
$

Investment properties
521

 
1,067

 
87

 
787

 

Multifamily real estate
335

 
335

 
71

 
338

 

One- to four-family construction
1,106

 
1,283

 
114

 
1,158

 

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
261

 
475

 
88

 
537

 

Commercial business
1,184

 
1,599

 
208

 
1,356

 

One- to four-family residential
9,244

 
9,919

 
80

 
9,286

 

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,074

 
1,593

 
19

 
1,087

 

Consumer—other
744

 
898

 
7

 
784

 
1

 
15,346

 
18,196

 
719

 
16,231

 
1

With a specific allowance reserve (2)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial real estate:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
$
2,208

 
$
2,208

 
$
4

 
$
2,213

 
$
6

Investment properties
8,439

 
9,544

 
746

 
7,940

 
161

Multifamily real estate
5,815

 
5,815

 
1,326

 
5,628

 
100

One- to-four family construction
7,621

 
7,621

 
1,194

 
6,331

 
127

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
5,102

 
5,438

 
761

 
5,567

 
108

Commercial business
2,818

 
2,818

 
216

 
2,909

 
27

One- to four-family residential
29,419

 
30,316

 
1,923

 
29,332

 
448

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
456

 
456

 
26

 
566

 
14

Consumer—other
610

 
627

 
58

 
624

 
18

 
62,488

 
64,843

 
6,254

 
61,110

 
1,009

Total
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial real estate:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
$
3,085

 
$
3,235

 
$
49

 
$
3,111

 
$
6

Investment properties
8,960

 
10,611

 
833

 
8,727

 
161

Multifamily real estate
6,150

 
6,150

 
1,397

 
5,966

 
100

One- to four-family construction
8,727

 
8,904

 
1,308

 
7,489

 
127

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
5,363

 
5,913

 
849

 
6,104

 
108

Commercial business
4,002

 
4,417

 
424

 
4,265

 
27

One- to four-family residential
38,663

 
40,235

 
2,003

 
38,618

 
448

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,530

 
2,049

 
45

 
1,653

 
14

Consumer—other
1,354

 
1,525

 
65

 
1,408

 
19

 
$
77,834

 
$
83,039

 
$
6,973

 
$
77,341

 
$
1,010


 
At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
Without a specific allowance reserve (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
1,300

 
$
1,551

 
$
103

 
$
1,470

 
$

Investment properties
624

 
861

 
90

 
735

 
17

Multifamily real estate
2,131

 
2,131

 
392

 
2,136

 
113

One- to four-family construction
4,460

 
4,460

 
571

 
3,335

 
145

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
2,122

 
2,587

 
404

 
2,948

 
73

Commercial
46

 
46

 
12

 
46

 

Commercial business
4,352

 
4,970

 
821

 
2,121

 
154

One- to four-family residential
10,886

 
12,004

 
150

 
11,458

 
44

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,641

 
2,335

 
54

 
1,966

 
14

Consumer—other
1,167

 
1,275

 
16

 
1,297

 
5

 
28,729

 
32,220

 
2,613

 
27,512

 
565

With a specific allowance reserve (2)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial real estate:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
$
2,993

 
$
2,993

 
$
518

 
$
3,113

 
$

Investment properties
8,884

 
10,120

 
630

 
9,449

 
229

Multifamily real estate
5,000

 
5,000

 
1,273

 
5,000

 
295

One- to-four family construction
3,831

 
3,831

 
870

 
3,611

 
194

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
4,782

 
4,782

 
586

 
5,039

 
185

Commercial

 

 

 

 

Commercial business
3,373

 
3,734

 
134

 
3,931

 
6

One- to four-family residential
32,494

 
33,672

 
1,656

 
33,100

 
1,259

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
1,042

 
1,140

 
26

 
1,074

 
15

Consumer—other
724

 
740

 
32

 
754

 

 
63,123

 
66,012

 
5,725

 
65,071

 
2,183

Total
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Owner-occupied
$
4,293

 
$
4,544

 
$
621

 
$
4,583

 
$

Investment properties
9,508

 
10,981

 
720

 
10,184

 
246

Multifamily real estate
7,131

 
7,131

 
1,665

 
7,136

 
408

One- to four-family construction
8,291

 
8,291

 
1,441

 
6,946

 
339

Land and land development
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
6,904

 
7,369

 
990

 
7,987

 
258

Commercial
46

 
46

 
12

 
46

 

Commercial business
7,725

 
8,704

 
955

 
6,052

 
160

One- to four-family residential
43,380

 
45,676

 
1,806

 
44,558

 
1,303

Consumer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
2,683

 
3,475

 
80

 
3,040

 
29

Consumer—other
1,891

 
2,015

 
48

 
2,051

 
5

 
$
91,852

 
$
98,232

 
$
8,338

 
$
92,583

 
$
2,748



(1) 
Loans without a specific allowance reserve have not been individually evaluated for impairment, but have been included in pools of homogeneous loans for evaluation of related allowance reserves.
(2) 
Loans with a specific allowance reserve have been individually evaluated for impairment using either a discounted cash flow analysis or, for collateral dependent loans, current appraisals to establish realizable value.  These analyses may identify a specific impairment amount needed or may conclude that no reserve is needed.  Any specific impairment that is identified is included in the category’s Related Allowance column.

The following tables present TDRs at June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2013
 
Accrual
Status
 
Nonaccrual
Status
 
Total
Modifications
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
187

 
$
627

 
$
814

Investment properties
7,047

 
1,462

 
8,509

Multifamily real estate
5,815

 

 
5,815

One- to four-family construction
6,964

 
1,022

 
7,986

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
4,352

 

 
4,352

Commercial business
1,179

 
548

 
1,727

One- to four-family residential
25,301

 
2,813

 
28,114

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
410

 
258

 
668

Consumer—other
478

 
132

 
610

 
$
51,733

 
$
6,862

 
$
58,595


 
December 31, 2012
 
Accrual
Status
 
Nonaccrual
Status
 
Total
Modifications
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
188

 
$
1,551

 
$
1,739

Investment properties
7,034

 
1,514

 
8,548

Multifamily real estate
7,131

 

 
7,131

One- to four-family construction
6,726

 
1,044

 
7,770

Land and land development:
 

 
 

 
 

Residential
4,842

 
15

 
4,857

Commercial business
2,975

 
247

 
3,222

One- to four-family residential
27,540

 
2,703

 
30,243

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
538

 
496

 
1,034

Consumer—other
488

 
396

 
884

 
$
57,462

 
$
7,966

 
$
65,428



The following tables present new TDRs that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (dollars in thousands):
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2013
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2013
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
 Investment
 
Post-
modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
 Investment
 
Post-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Recorded Investment (1) (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment properties
1

 
$
900

 
$
781

 
1

 
$
900

 
$
781

Multifamily real estate
1

 
378

 
378

 
1

 
378

 
378

Land and land development—residential
5

 
521

 
521

 
9

 
1,597

 
1,597

One- to four-family residential

 

 

 
9

 
3,115

 
3,115

 
7

 
$
1,799

 
$
1,680

 
20

 
$
5,990

 
$
5,871

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-
modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Recorded Investment (1) (2)
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Commercial real estate
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Investment properties
1

 
$
99

 
$
99

 
3

 
$
974

 
$
974

Multifamily real estate
2

 
5,054

 
5,054

 
2

 
5,054

 
5,054

One- to four-family construction
10

 
2,664

 
2,664

 
11

 
3,146

 
3,146

Commercial business
5

 
1,289

 
1,289

 
10

 
2,195

 
2,195

One- to four-family residential
2

 
621

 
621

 
17

 
9,073

 
9,073

Consumer
1

 
132

 
132

 
2

 
284

 
284

 
21

 
$
9,859

 
$
9,859

 
45

 
$
20,726

 
$
20,726



(1) 
Since most loans were already considered classified and/or on nonaccrual status prior to restructuring, the modifications did not have a material effect on the Company’s determination of the allowance for loan losses.
(2) 
The majority of these modifications do not fit into one separate type, such as rate, term, amount, interest-only or payment, but instead are a combination of multiple types of modifications; therefore, they are disclosed in aggregate.

The following table presents TDRs which incurred a payment default within twelve months of the restructure date during the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands).  A default on a TDR results in either a transfer to nonaccrual status or a partial charge-off:
 
Three Months Ended
June 30
 
Six Months Ended
June 30
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Owner occupied
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,378

Commercial business

 

 
343

 

One- to four-family residential

 

 

 
562

Total
$

 
$

 
$
343

 
$
1,940



Credit Quality Indicators:  To appropriately and effectively manage the ongoing credit quality of the Company’s loan portfolio, management has implemented a risk-rating or loan grading system for its loans.  The system is a tool to evaluate portfolio asset quality throughout each applicable loan’s life as an asset of the Company.  Generally, loans and leases are risk rated on an aggregate borrower/relationship basis with individual loans sharing similar ratings.  There are some instances when specific situations relating to individual loans will provide the basis for different risk ratings within the aggregate relationship.  Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 9.  A description of the general characteristics of these categories is shown below:

Overall Risk Rating Definitions:  Risk-ratings contain both qualitative and quantitative measurements and take into account the financial strength of a borrower and the structure of the loan or lease.  Consequently, the definitions are to be applied in the context of each lending transaction and judgment must also be used to determine the appropriate risk rating, as it is not unusual for a loan or lease to exhibit characteristics of more than one risk-rating category.  Consideration for the final rating is centered in the borrower’s ability to repay, in a timely fashion, both principal and interest.  There were no material changes in the risk-rating or loan grading system in the six months ended June 30, 2013.

Risk Rating 1: Exceptional
A credit supported by exceptional financial strength, stability, and liquidity.  The risk rating of 1 is reserved for the Company’s top quality loans, generally reserved for investment grade credits underwritten to the standards of institutional credit providers.

Risk Rating 2: Excellent
A credit supported by excellent financial strength, stability and liquidity.  The risk rating of 2 is reserved for very strong and highly stable customers with ready access to alternative financing sources.

Risk Rating 3: Strong
A credit supported by good overall financial strength and stability.  Collateral margins are strong; cash flow is stable although susceptible to cyclical market changes.

Risk Rating 4: Acceptable
A credit supported by the borrower’s adequate financial strength and stability.  Assets and cash flow are reasonably sound and provide for orderly debt reduction.  Access to alternative financing sources will be more difficult to obtain.

Risk Rating 5: Watch
A credit with the characteristics of an acceptable credit which requires, however, more than the normal level of supervision and warrants formal quarterly management reporting.  Credits in this category are not yet criticized or classified, but due to adverse events or aspects of underwriting require closer than normal supervision. Generally, credits should be watch credits in most cases for six months or less as the impact of stress factors are analyzed.

Risk Rating 6: Special Mention
A credit with potential weaknesses that deserves management’s close attention is risk rated a 6.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses will result in deterioration in the capacity to repay debt.  A key distinction between Special Mention and Substandard is that in a Special Mention credit, there are identified weaknesses that pose potential risk(s) to the repayment sources, versus well defined weaknesses that pose risk(s) to the repayment sources.  Assets in this category are expected to be in this category no more than 9-12 months as the potential weaknesses in the credit are resolved.

Risk Rating 7: Substandard
A credit with well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the ability to repay in full is risk rated a 7.  These credits are inadequately protected by either the sound net worth and payment capacity of the borrower or the value of pledged collateral.  These are credits with a distinct possibility of loss.  Loans headed for foreclosure and/or legal action due to deterioration are rated 7 or worse.

Risk Rating 8: Doubtful
A credit with an extremely high probability of loss is risk rated 8.  These credits have all the same critical weaknesses that are found in a substandard loan; however, the weaknesses are elevated to the point that based upon current information, collection or liquidation in full is improbable.  While some loss on doubtful credits is expected, pending events may strengthen a credit making the amount and timing of any loss indeterminable.  In these situations taking the loss is inappropriate until it is clear that the pending event has failed to strengthen the credit and improve the capacity to repay debt.

Risk Rating 9: Loss
A credit that is considered to be currently uncollectible or of such little value that it is no longer a viable Bank asset is risk rated 9.  Losses should be taken in the accounting period in which the credit is determined to be uncollectible.  Taking a loss does not mean that a credit has absolutely no recovery or salvage value but, rather, it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the credit, even though partial recovery may occur in the future.
The following table shows the Company’s portfolio of risk-rated loans and non-risk-rated loans by grade or other characteristics as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2013
 
Commercial
 Real Estate
 
Multifamily
Real Estate
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural
Business
 
One- to Four-
Family Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total Loans
Risk-rated loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pass (Risk Ratings 1-5) (1)
$
1,047,077

 
$
131,314

 
$
329,004

 
$
607,626

 
$
217,097

 
$
535,884

 
$
271,564

 
$
3,139,566

Special mention
12,631

 

 
481

 
8,600

 
653

 

 
142

 
22,507

Substandard
36,456

 
5,713

 
24,199

 
23,604

 
16,217

 
16,814

 
4,571

 
127,574

Doubtful
544

 

 

 
10

 

 

 

 
554

Loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total loans
$
1,096,708

 
$
137,027

 
$
353,684

 
$
639,840

 
$
233,967

 
$
552,698

 
$
276,277

 
$
3,290,201

Performing loans
$
1,091,898

 
$
136,692

 
$
350,909

 
$
637,017

 
$
233,967

 
$
539,336

 
$
274,281

 
$
3,264,100

Non-performing loans (2)
4,810

 
335

 
2,775

 
2,823

 

 
13,362

 
1,996

 
26,101

Total loans
$
1,096,708

 
$
137,027

 
$
353,684

 
$
639,840

 
$
233,967

 
$
552,698

 
$
276,277

 
$
3,290,201

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
Real Estate
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial Business
 
Agricultural Business
 
One- to Four-Family Residential
 
Consumer
 
Total Loans
Risk-rated loans:
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Pass (Risk Ratings 1-5) (1)
$
1,016,964

 
$
130,815

 
$
274,407

 
$
581,846

 
$
228,304

 
$
560,781

 
$
284,816

 
$
3,077,933

Special mention
14,332

 

 
3,146

 
7,905

 
713

 
438

 
148

 
26,682

Substandard
41,382

 
6,689

 
27,064

 
28,287

 
1,014

 
20,451

 
5,657

 
130,544

Doubtful
544

 

 

 
11

 

 

 

 
555

Loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total loans
$
1,073,222

 
$
137,504

 
$
304,617

 
$
618,049

 
$
230,031

 
$
581,670

 
$
290,621

 
$
3,235,714

Performing loans
$
1,066,643

 
$
137,504

 
$
300,945

 
$
613,299

 
$
230,031

 
$
565,829

 
$
287,073

 
$
3,201,324

Non-performing loans (2)
6,579

 

 
3,672

 
4,750

 

 
15,841

 
3,548

 
34,390

Total loans
$
1,073,222

 
$
137,504

 
$
304,617

 
$
618,049

 
$
230,031

 
$
581,670

 
$
290,621

 
$
3,235,714


(1) 
The Pass category includes some performing loans that are part of homogenous pools which are not individually risk-rated.  This includes all consumer loans, all one- to four-family residential loans and, as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, in the commercial business category, $81 million and $77 million, respectively, of credit-scored small business loans.  As loans in these pools become non-performing, they are individually risk-rated.
(2) 
Non-performing loans include non-accrual loans and loans past due greater than 90 days and on accrual status.
The following tables provide additional detail on the age analysis of the Company’s past due loans as of June 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2013
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days or More Past Due
 
Total Past
Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
 
Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
59

 
$
400

 
$
1,391

 
$
1,850

 
$
498,962

 
$
500,812

 
$

Investment properties
2,249

 

 
1,405

 
3,654

 
592,242

 
595,896

 

Multifamily real estate

 

 

 

 
137,027

 
137,027

 

Commercial construction

 

 

 

 
25,629

 
25,629

 

Multifamily construction

 

 

 

 
39,787

 
39,787

 

One-to-four-family construction
208

 

 
538

 
746

 
190,257

 
191,003

 

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential

 

 
1,011

 
1,011

 
85,026

 
86,037

 

Commercial

 

 

 

 
11,228

 
11,228

 

Commercial business
706

 
263

 
551

 
1,520

 
638,320

 
639,840

 
4

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland
233

 
125

 

 
358

 
233,609

 
233,967

 

One- to four-family residential
404

 
2,432

 
6,609

 
9,445

 
543,253

 
552,698

 
1,897

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
225

 
598

 
597

 
1,420

 
161,919

 
163,339

 

Consumer—other
427

 
240

 
650

 
1,317

 
111,621

 
112,938

 
58

Total
$
4,511

 
$
4,058

 
$
12,752

 
$
21,321

 
$
3,268,880

 
$
3,290,201

 
$
1,959


 
December 31, 2012
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days or More Past Due
 
Total Past
Due
 
Current
 
Total Loans
 
Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing
Commercial real estate:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owner-occupied
$
1,693

 
$

 
$
1,371

 
$
3,064

 
$
486,517

 
$
489,581

 
$

Investment properties
743

 

 
1,431

 
2,174

 
581,467

 
583,641

 

Multifamily real estate

 

 

 

 
137,504

 
137,504

 

Commercial construction

 

 

 

 
30,229

 
30,229

 

Multifamily construction

 

 

 

 
22,581

 
22,581

 

One-to-four-family construction
611

 

 

 
611

 
160,204

 
160,815

 

Land and land development:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential

 

 
2,047

 
2,047

 
74,963

 
77,010

 

Commercial
2,083

 

 
45

 
2,128

 
11,854

 
13,982

 

Commercial business
1,849

 
49

 
842

 
2,740

 
615,309

 
618,049

 

Agricultural business, including secured by farmland

 

 

 

 
230,031

 
230,031

 

One-to four-family residential
1,376

 
3,468

 
11,488

 
16,332

 
565,338

 
581,670

 
2,877

Consumer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer secured by one- to four-family
699

 
74

 
1,204

 
1,977

 
168,146

 
170,123

 

Consumer—other
816

 
673

 
839

 
2,328

 
118,170

 
120,498

 
152

Total
$
9,870

 
$
4,264

 
$
19,267

 
$
33,401

 
$
3,202,313

 
$
3,235,714

 
$
3,029



The following tables provide additional information on the allowance for loan losses and loan balances individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at or for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 (in thousands):
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2013
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
14,776

 
$
5,075

 
$
15,214

 
$
10,011

 
$
2,282

 
$
15,930

 
$
1,238

 
$
12,602

 
$
77,128

Provision for loan losses
162

 
(102
)
 
1,493

 
527

 
1,213

 
(557
)
 
105

 
(2,841
)
 

Recoveries
378

 

 
337

 
666

 
310

 
3

 
117

 

 
1,811

Charge-offs
(418
)
 

 
(419
)
 
(398
)
 

 
(402
)
 
(449
)
 

 
(2,086
)
Ending balance
$
14,898

 
$
4,973

 
$
16,625

 
$
10,806

 
$
3,805

 
$
14,974

 
$
1,011

 
$
9,761

 
$
76,853

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2013
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
15,322

 
$
4,506

 
$
14,991

 
$
9,957

 
$
2,295

 
$
16,475

 
$
1,348

 
$
12,597

 
$
77,491

Provision for loan losses
(1,622
)
 
467

 
2,050

 
1,124

 
1,163

 
(567
)
 
221

 
(2,836
)
 

Recoveries
1,964

 

 
438

 
1,052

 
347

 
119

 
219

 

 
4,139

Charge-offs
(766
)
 

 
(854
)
 
(1,327
)
 

 
(1,053
)
 
(777
)
 

 
(4,777
)
Ending balance
$
14,898

 
$
4,973

 
$
16,625

 
$
10,806

 
$
3,805

 
$
14,974

 
$
1,011

 
$
9,761

 
$
76,853

 
At June 30, 2013
 
Commercial
 Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial
 Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance individually evaluated for impairment
$
750

 
$
1,326

 
$
1,955

 
$
216

 
$

 
$
1,923

 
$
84

 
$

 
$
6,254

Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment
14,148

 
3,647

 
14,670

 
10,590

 
3,805

 
13,051

 
927

 
9,761

 
70,599

Total allowance for loan losses
$
14,898

 
$
4,973

 
$
16,625

 
$
10,806

 
$
3,805

 
$
14,974

 
$
1,011

 
$
9,761

 
$
76,853

 
At June 30, 2013
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
Total
Loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
10,647

 
$
5,815

 
$
12,723

 
$
2,818

 
$

 
$
29,419

 
$
1,066

 
$

 
$
62,488

Loans collectively evaluated for impairment
1,086,061

 
131,212

 
340,961

 
637,022

 
233,967

 
523,279

 
275,211

 

 
3,227,713

Total loans
$
1,096,708

 
$
137,027

 
$
353,684

 
$
639,840

 
$
233,967

 
$
552,698

 
$
276,277

 
$

 
$
3,290,201


 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
Commercial
 Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and
Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
17,083

 
$
3,261

 
$
15,871

 
$
13,123

 
$
1,887

 
$
12,869

 
$
1,274

 
$
16,176

 
$
81,544

Provision for loan losses
992

 
1,847

 
1,756

 
887

 
(608
)
 
2,876

 
345

 
(4,095
)
 
4,000

Recoveries
18

 

 
1,050

 
639

 
15

 
374

 
195

 

 
2,291

Charge-offs
(1,259
)
 

 
(1,703
)
 
(2,297
)
 

 
(1,906
)
 
(449
)
 

 
(7,614
)
Ending balance
$
16,834

 
$
5,108

 
$
16,974

 
$
12,352

 
$
1,294

 
$
14,213

 
$
1,365

 
$
12,081

 
$
80,221

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
 
Commercial
 Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and
Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
16,457

 
$
3,952

 
$
18,184

 
$
15,159

 
$
1,548

 
$
12,299

 
$
1,253

 
$
14,060

 
$
82,912

Provision for loan losses
2,327

 
1,156

 
1,997

 
22

 
6

 
4,407

 
1,064

 
(1,979
)
 
9,000

Recoveries
632

 

 
1,420

 
875

 
15

 
379

 
331

 

 
3,652

Charge-offs
(2,582
)
 

 
(4,627
)
 
(3,704
)
 
(275
)
 
(2,872
)
 
(1,283
)
 

 
(15,343
)
Ending balance
$
16,834

 
$
5,108

 
$
16,974

 
$
12,352

 
$
1,294

 
$
14,213

 
$
1,365

 
$
12,081

 
$
80,221

 
At June 30, 2012
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
Commercial
Business
 
Agricultural
business
 
One- to Four-
Family
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and
Unallocated
 
Total
Allowance individually evaluated for impairment
$
400

 
$
1,464

 
$
2,739

 
$
1,054

 
$

 
$
1,281

 
$
33

 
$

 
$
6,971

Allowance collectively evaluated for impairment
16,434

 
3,644

 
14,235

 
11,298

 
1,294

 
12,932

 
1,332

 
12,081

 
73,250

Total allowance for loan losses
$
16,834

 
$
5,108

 
$
16,974

 
$
12,352

 
$
1,294

 
$
14,213

 
$
1,365

 
$
12,081

 
$
80,221

 
At June 30, 2012
 
 
Commercial Real Estate
 
 
Multifamily
 
Construction and Land
 
 
Commercial Business
 
 
Agricultural business
 
 One- to Four-
Family
 
 
Consumer
 
Commitments and Unallocated
 
 
Total
Loan balances:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans individually evaluated for impairment
$
9,468

 
$
5,000

 
$
11,594

 
$
10,514

 
$

 
$
20,989

 
$
1,580

 
$

 
$
59,145

Loans collectively evaluated for  impairment
1,082,118

 
125,319

 
282,283

 
589,532

 
211,705

 
586,500

 
275,655

 

 
3,153,112

Total loans
$
1,091,586

 
$
130,319

 
$
293,877

 
$
600,046

 
$
211,705

 
$
607,489

 
$
277,235

 
$

 
$
3,212,257