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Significant Accounting Policies (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]  
Significant Accounting Policies (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

1. Significant Accounting Policies (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Description of Business (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Exelon is a utility services holding company engaged through its principal subsidiaries in the energy generation and energy distribution businesses. Prior to March 12, 2012, Exelon's principal subsidiaries included ComEd, PECO and Generation. On March 12, 2012, Constellation merged into Exelon with Exelon continuing as the surviving corporation pursuant to the transactions contemplated by the Agreement and Plan of Merger (“Merger Agreement”). As a result of the merger transaction, Generation now includes the former Constellation generation and customer supply operations. BGE, formerly Constellation's regulated utility subsidiary, is now a subsidiary of Exelon. Refer to Note 4 - Merger and Acquisitions for further information regarding the merger transaction.

 

The energy generation business includes:

  • Generation: Physical delivery and marketing of owned and contracted electric generation capacity and provision of renewable and other energy-related products and services, and natural gas exploration and production activities. Generation has six reportable segments consisting of the Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, New England, New York, ERCOT and Other regions.

     

    The energy delivery businesses include:

  • ComEd: Purchase and regulated retail sale of electricity and the provision of distribution and transmission services in northern Illinois, including the City of Chicago.
  • PECO: Purchase and regulated retail sale of electricity and the provision of distribution and transmission services in southeastern Pennsylvania, including the City of Philadelphia, and the purchase and regulated retail sale of natural gas and the provision of distribution services in the Pennsylvania counties surrounding the City of Philadelphia.
  • BGE: Purchase and regulated retail sale of electricity and the provision of distribution and transmission services in central Maryland, including the City of Baltimore, and the purchase and regulated retail sale of natural gas and the provision of distribution services in central Maryland, including the City of Baltimore.

 

Basis of Presentation (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

This is a combined annual report of Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE. The Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements apply to Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE as indicated parenthetically next to each corresponding disclosure. When appropriate, Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE are named specifically for their related activities and disclosures.

 

Exelon did not apply push-down accounting to BGE and BGE continued to be subject to reporting requirements as an SEC registrant. The information disclosed for BGE represents the activity of the standalone entity for the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 and the financial position as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012. However, for Exelon's consolidated financial reporting, Exelon is reporting BGE activity from the acquisition date of March 12, 2012 through December 31, 2013.

 

Each of the Registrant's Consolidated Financial Statements includes the accounts of its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

 

Through its business services subsidiary, BSC, Exelon provides its subsidiaries with a variety of support services at cost, including legal, human resources, financial, information technology and supply management services. The costs of BSC, including support services, are directly charged or allocated to the applicable subsidiaries using a cost-causative allocation method. Corporate governance-type costs that cannot be directly assigned are allocated based on a Modified Massachusetts Formula, which is a method that utilizes a combination of gross revenues, total assets and direct labor costs for the allocation base. The results of Exelon's corporate operations are presented as “Other” within the consolidated financial statements and include intercompany eliminations unless otherwise disclosed.

 

Exelon owns 100% of all of its significant consolidated subsidiaries, either directly or indirectly, except for ComEd, of which Exelon owns more than 99%, and BGE, of which Exelon owns 100% of the common stock but none of BGE's preference stock. Exelon owned none of PECO's preferred securities, which PECO redeemed in 2013. Exelon has reflected the third-party interests in ComEd, which totaled less than $1 million at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, as equity, PECO's preferred securities as preferred securities of subsidiary through their redemption in 2013, and BGE's preference stock as BGE preference stock not subject to mandatory redemption in its consolidated financial statements. BGE is subject to some ring-fencing measures established by order of the MDPSC.  As part of this arrangement, BGE common stock is held directly by RF Holdco LLC, which is an indirect subsidiary of Exelon.  GSS Holdings (BGE Utility), an unrelated party, holds a nominal non-economic interest in RF Holdco LLC with limited voting rights on specified matters.

 

Generation owns 100% of all of its significant consolidated subsidiaries, either directly or indirectly, except for certain Exelon Wind projects, of which Generation holds a majority interest ranging from 94% to 99% for certain periods of time, and the remaining interests are included in non-controlling interest on Exelon's and Generation's Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 2 for further discussion of Exelon's and Generation's VIEs and the reversionary interests of the non-controlling members for certain of these projects.

 

ComEd owns 100% of all of its significant consolidated subsidiaries, either directly or indirectly, except for RITELine Illinois, LLC, of which ComEd owns 75% and an additional 12.5% is indirectly owned by Exelon. Exelon and ComEd have reflected the third-party interests of 12.5% and 25%, respectively, in RITELine Illinois, LLC, which both totaled less than $1 million at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, as equity.

 

Exelon consolidates the accounts of entities in which Exelon has a controlling financial interest, after the elimination of intercompany transactions. A controlling financial interest is evidenced by either a voting interest greater than 50% in which Exelon can exercise control over the operations and policies of the investee, or the results of a model that identifies Exelon or one of its subsidiaries as the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Where Exelon does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity, it applies proportional consolidation, equity method accounting or cost method accounting. Exelon applies proportionate consolidation when it has an undivided interest in an asset and is proportionately liable for its share of each liability associated with the asset. Exelon proportionately consolidates its undivided ownership interests in jointly owned electric plants and transmission facilities, as well as its undivided ownership interests in upstream natural gas exploration and production activities. Under proportionate consolidation, Exelon separately records its proportionate share of the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses related to the undivided interest in the asset. Exelon applies equity method accounting when it has significant influence over an investee through an ownership in common stock, which generally approximates a 20% to 50% voting interest. Exelon applies equity method accounting to certain investments and joint ventures, including the 50.01% interest in CENG, and certain financing trusts of ComEd, PECO, and BGE. Under the equity method, Exelon reports its interest in the entity as an investment and Exelon's percentage share of the earnings from the entity as single line items in its financial statements. Exelon uses the cost method if it holds less than 20% of the common stock of an entity. Under the cost method, Exelon reports its investment at cost and recognizes income only to the extent Exelon receives dividends or distributions.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2013, BGE recorded a $2 million correcting adjustment to decrease amortization expense related to regulatory assets that were originally recorded during 2012, an adjustment to decrease income tax expense by $4 million related to the recognition and measurement of regulatory assets that should have been recorded in periods prior to 2013, and a $4 million correcting adjustment to decrease operating and maintenance expense for an overstatement of BGE's life insurance obligation related to post-employment benefits in prior years. For the year ended December 31, 2012, BGE recorded a $2 million correcting adjustment to reduce electric distribution revenue related to decoupling of 2011 electric distribution revenue, a $3 million correcting adjustment to increase electric operations and maintenance expense related to capitalization of electric transmission costs, and a $5 million correcting adjustment to interest expense to reflect the impacts of amendments of tax positions previously taken on prior-year consolidated income tax returns.  In addition, ComEd identified a disclosure adjustment within the renewable energy credits and alternative energy credits section of the 2012 Form 10-K Note 8 – Intangible Assets which has been revised in Note 10 of this year's report. Exelon, ComEd and BGE have concluded these correcting adjustments are not material to its results of operations, cash flows, or financial positions for the years ended December 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012, or any prior period.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for annual financial statements and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-K and Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC.

 

 

Use of Estimates (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

The preparation of financial statements of each of the Registrants in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Areas in which significant estimates have been made include, but are not limited to, the accounting for nuclear decommissioning costs and other AROs, pension and other postretirement benefits, the application of purchase accounting, inventory reserves, allowance for uncollectible accounts, goodwill and asset impairments, derivative instruments, unamortized energy contracts, fixed asset depreciation, environmental costs and other loss contingencies, taxes and unbilled energy revenues. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Reclassifications (Exelon, ComEd, and BGE)

 

Certain prior year amounts in Exelon's and BGE's Consolidated Statements of Operations and Cash Flows, and Exelon's, ComEd's, and BGE's Consolidated Balance Sheets have been reclassified between line items for comparative purposes and correction of prior period classification errors identified in 2013. The reclassifications did not affect any of the Registrants' net income or cash flows from operating activities.

 

In 2013, Exelon and BGE identified a presentation errors of $12 million and $16 million on their Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income, respectively related to its financing trusts within interest expense that is now presented within Interest expense to affiliates, net.  Additionally, Exelon identified similar presentation errors of $92 million between Accounts payable, Accrued expenses and Payables to affiliates on its Balance Sheet. Generation identified a related presentation error of $83 million between Accounts payable and Payables to affiliates on its Balance Sheet. BGE identified a related presentation error of $4 million between Accrued expenses and Payables to affiliates on its Balance Sheet. Similar adjustments are also reflected on the related party transactions footnote.

 

Accounting for the Effects of Regulation (Exelon, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Exelon, ComEd, PECO and BGE apply the authoritative guidance for accounting for certain types of regulation, which requires ComEd, PECO and BGE to record in their consolidated financial statements the effects of cost-based rate regulation for entities with regulated operations that meet the following criteria: 1) rates are established or approved by a third-party regulator; (2) rates are designed to recover the entities' cost of providing services or products; and (3) there is a reasonable expectation that rates are set at levels that will recover the entities' costs from customers. Exelon, ComEd, PECO and BGE account for their regulated operations in accordance with regulatory and legislative guidance from the regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, principally the ICC, the PAPUC, and the MDPSC, in the cases of ComEd, PECO and BGE, respectively, under state public utility laws and the FERC under various Federal laws. Regulatory assets and liabilities are amortized and the related expense is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations consistent with the recovery or refund included in customer rates. Exelon believes that it is probable that its currently recorded regulatory assets and liabilities will be recovered and settled, respectively, in future rates. However, Exelon, ComEd, PECO and BGE continue to evaluate their respective abilities to apply the authoritative guidance for accounting for certain types of regulation, including consideration of current events in their respective regulatory and political environments. If a separable portion of ComEd's, PECO's or BGE's business was no longer able to meet the criteria discussed above, the affected entities would be required to eliminate from their consolidated financial statements the effects of regulation for that portion, which could have a material impact on their results of operations and financial positions. See Note 3—Regulatory Matters for additional information.

 

The Registrants treat the impacts of a final rate order received after the balance sheet date but prior to the issuance of the financial statements as a non-recognized subsequent event, as the receipt of a final rate order is a separate and distinct event that has future impacts on the parties affected by the order.

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Revenues (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Operating Revenues. Operating revenues are recorded as service is rendered or energy is delivered to customers. At the end of each month, the Registrants accrue an estimate for the unbilled amount of energy delivered or services provided to customers. ComEd records its best estimates of the distribution and transmission revenue impacts resulting from changes in rates that ComEd believes are probable of approval by the ICC and FERC in accordance with its formula rate mechanisms. BGE records its best estimate of the transmission revenue impact resulting from changes in rates that BGE believes are probable of approval by FERC in accordance with its formula rate mechanism. See Note 3—Regulatory Matters and Note 6—Accounts Receivable for further information.

 

RTOs and ISOs. In RTO and ISO markets that facilitate the dispatch of energy and energy-related products, the Registrants generally report sales and purchases conducted on a net hourly basis in either revenues or purchased power on their Consolidated Statements of Operations, the classification of which depends on the net hourly activity. In addition, capacity revenue and expense classification is based on the net sale or purchase position of the Company in the different RTOs and ISOs.

 

Option Contracts, Swaps and Commodity Derivatives. Certain option contracts and swap arrangements that meet the definition of derivative instruments are recorded at fair value with subsequent changes in fair value recognized as revenue or expense. The classification of revenue or expense is based on the intent of the transaction. For example, gas transactions may be used to hedge the sale of power. This will result in the change in fair value recorded through revenue. As of the merger date, Exelon and Generation have currently elected to de-designate all of their commodity cash flow hedge positions. As ComEd receives full cost recovery for energy procurement and related costs from retail customers, ComEd records the fair value of its energy swap contracts with unaffiliated suppliers as well as an offsetting regulatory asset or liability on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 3—Regulatory Matters and Note 12 – Derivative Financial Instruments for further information.

 

Proprietary Trading Activities. Exelon and Generation account for Generation's trading activities under the provisions of the authoritative guidance for accounting for contracts involved in energy trading and risk management activities, which require energy revenues and costs related to energy trading contracts to be presented on a net basis in the income statement. Commodity derivatives used for trading purposes are accounted for using the mark-to-market method with unrealized gains and losses recognized in operating revenues. Refer to Note 12Derivative Financial Instruments for further information.

 

Income Taxes (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Deferred Federal and state income taxes are provided on all significant temporary differences between the book basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and for tax benefits carried forward. Investment tax credits have been deferred on the Registrants' Consolidated Balance Sheets and are recognized in book income over the life of the related property. In accordance with applicable authoritative guidance, the Registrants account for uncertain income tax positions using a benefit recognition model with a two-step approach; a more-likely-than-not recognition criterion; and a measurement approach that measures the position as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If it is not more-likely-than-not that the benefit of the tax position will be sustained on its technical merits, no benefit is recorded. Uncertain tax positions that relate only to timing of when an item is included on a tax return are considered to have met the recognition threshold. The Registrants recognize accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense or in other income and deductions (interest income) on their Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

Pursuant to the IRC and relevant state taxing authorities, Exelon and its subsidiaries file consolidated or combined income tax returns for Federal and certain state jurisdictions where allowed or required. See Note 14—Income Taxes for further information.

  

Taxes Directly Imposed on Revenue-Producing Transactions (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

 Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE collect certain taxes from customers such as sales and gross receipts taxes, along with other taxes, surcharges, and fees that are levied by state or local governments on the sale or distribution of gas and electricity. Some of these taxes are imposed on the customer, but paid by the Registrants, while others are imposed on the Registrants. Where these taxes are imposed on the customer, such as sales taxes, they are reported on a net basis with no impact to the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. However, where these taxes are imposed on the Registrants, such as gross receipts taxes or other surcharges or fees, they are reported on a gross basis. Accordingly, revenues are recognized for the taxes collected from customers along with an offsetting expense. See Note 23—Supplemental Financial Information for Generation's, ComEd's, PECO's and BGE's utility taxes that are presented on a gross basis.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

The Registrants consider investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

 

Restricted Cash and Investments (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Restricted cash and investments represent funds that are restricted to satisfy designated current liabilities. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, Exelon Corporate's restricted cash and investments primarily represented restricted funds for payment of medical, dental, vision and long-term disability benefits. Additionally, Exelon Corporate has funds restricted for merger commitments. In addition, Exelon Corporate's investments include its direct financing lease investments. As of December 31, 2013, Generation's restricted cash and investments primarily included cash at Antelope Valley required for debt service and construction and cash at Continental Wind required for debt service and financing of operation and maintenance of the underlying entities. As of December 31, 2012, Generation's restricted cash primarily included cash at Antelope Valley required for debt service and construction. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, ComEd's restricted cash primarily represented cash collateral held from suppliers associated with ComEd's REC procurement contracts. As of December 31, 2013, PECO's restricted cash primarily represented funds from the sales of assets that were subject to PECO's mortgage indenture. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, BGE's restricted cash primarily represented funds restricted at its consolidated variable interest entity for repayment of rate stabilization bonds.

 

Restricted cash and investments not available to satisfy current liabilities are classified as noncurrent assets. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, Exelon's and Generation's NDT funds, which are designated to satisfy future decommissioning obligations, were classified as noncurrent assets. As of December 31, 2013, Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE had investments in Rabbi trusts classified as noncurrent assets.

 

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

The allowance for uncollectible accounts reflects the Registrants' best estimates of losses on the accounts receivable balances. For Generation, the allowance is based on accounts receivable aging, historical experience and other currently available information. ComEd and PECO estimate the allowance for uncollectible accounts on customer receivables by applying loss rates developed specifically for each company to the outstanding receivable balance by risk segment.  Risk segments represent a group of customers with similar credit quality indicators that are computed based on various attributes, including delinquency of their balances and payment history.  Loss rates applied to the accounts receivable balances are based on historical average charge-offs as a percentage of accounts receivable in each risk segment. BGE estimates the allowance for uncollectible accounts on customer receivables by assigning reserve factors for each aging bucket. These percentages were derived from a study of billing progression which determined the reserve factors by aging bucket. ComEd, PECO and BGE customers' accounts are generally considered delinquent if the amount billed is not received by the time the next bill is issued, which normally occurs on a monthly basis. ComEd, PECO and BGE customer accounts are written off consistent with approved regulatory requirements. ComEd's, PECO's and BGE's provisions for uncollectible accounts will continue to be affected by changes in volume, prices and economic conditions as well as changes in ICC, PAPUC and MDPSC regulations, respectively. See Note 3 —Regulatory Matters for additional information regarding the regulatory recovery of uncollectible accounts receivable at ComEd.

 

Variable Interest Entities (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

Exelon accounts for its investments in and arrangements with VIEs based on the authoritative guidance which includes the following specific requirements:

  • requires an entity to qualitatively assess whether it should consolidate a VIE based on whether the entity (1) has the power to direct matters that most significantly impact the activities of the VIE, and (2) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE,
  • requires an ongoing reconsideration of this assessment instead of only upon certain triggering events, and
  • requires the entity that consolidates a VIE (the primary beneficiary) to present separately on the face of its balance sheet (1) the assets of the consolidated VIE, if they can be used to only settle specific obligations of the consolidated VIE, and (2) the liabilities of a consolidated VIE for which creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary.

Based on the above accounting guidance, Exelon has adopted the following policies related to variable interest entities:

  • Exelon has presented separately on its Consolidated Balance Sheets, to the extent material, the assets of its consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle specific obligations of the consolidated VIE, and the liabilities of Exelon's consolidated VIEs for which creditors do not have recourse to Exelon's general credit.
  • Exelon has qualitatively assessed whether the equity holders of the entity have the power to direct matters that most significantly impact the entity.

See Note 2 – Variable Interest Entities for additional information.

Inventories (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Inventory is recorded at the lower of weighted average cost or market. Provisions are recorded for excess and obsolete inventory.

 

Fossil Fuel. Fossil fuel inventory includes the weighted average costs of stored natural gas, propane and oil. The costs of natural gas, propane, coal and oil are generally included in inventory when purchased and charged to fuel expense when used or sold.

 

Materials and Supplies. Materials and supplies inventory generally includes the weighted average costs of transmission, distribution and generating plant materials. Materials are generally charged to inventory when purchased and expensed or capitalized to property, plant and equipment, as appropriate, when installed or used.

 

Emission Allowances. Emission allowances are included in inventory (for emission allowances exercisable in the current year) and other deferred debits (for emission allowances that are exercisable beyond one year) and are carried at the lower of weighted average cost or market and charged to fuel expense as they are used in operations.

 

Marketable Securities (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

All marketable securities are reported at fair value. Marketable securities held in the NDT funds, certain Generation Rabbi trust investments and BGE's Rabbi trust investments are classified as trading securities and all other securities are classified as available-for-sale securities. Realized and unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, on Generation's NDT funds associated with the former ComEd and former PECO nuclear generating units (Regulatory Agreement Units) are included in regulatory liabilities at Exelon, ComEd and PECO and in noncurrent payables to affiliates at Generation and in noncurrent receivables from affiliates at ComEd and PECO. Realized and unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, on Generation's NDT funds associated with the former AmerGen nuclear generating units, the Zion generating station and portions of the Peach Bottom nuclear generating units not subject to a regulatory agreement (Non-Regulatory Agreement Units) are included in earnings at Exelon and Generation. Realized and unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, on certain Generation Rabbi trust investments and BGE's Rabbi trust investments are included in earnings at Exelon, Generation and BGE. Unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, for Generation's, ComEd's and PECO's available-for-sale securities are reported in OCI. Any decline in the fair value of ComEd's and PECO's available-for-sale securities below the cost basis is reviewed to determine if such decline is other-than-temporary. If the decline is determined to be other-than-temporary, the cost basis of the available-for-sale securities is written down to fair value as a new cost basis and the amount of the write-down is included in earnings. See Note 15 Asset Retirement Obligations for information regarding marketable securities held by NDT funds and Note 23—Supplemental Financial Information for additional information regarding ComEd's and PECO's regulatory assets and liabilities.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Property, plant and equipment is recorded at original cost. Original cost includes labor, materials and construction overhead. When appropriate, original cost also includes capitalized interest for Generation and Exelon Corporate and AFUDC for regulated property at ComEd, PECO and BGE. The cost of repairs and maintenance, including planned major maintenance activities and minor replacements of property, is charged to maintenance expense as incurred. For constructed assets, Exelon capitalizes construction-related direct labor and material costs. ComEd, PECO and BGE also capitalized indirect construction costs including labor and related costs of departments associated with supporting construction activities.

 

Third parties reimburse ComEd, PECO and BGE for all or a portion of expenditures for certain capital projects. Such contributions in aid of construction costs (CIAC) are recorded as a reduction to Property, Plant and Equipment. DOE SGIG funds reimbursed to PECO and BGE are accounted for as CIAC.

For Generation, upon retirement, the cost of property is charged to accumulated depreciation in accordance with the composite method of depreciation. Upon replacement of an asset, the costs to remove the asset, net of salvage, are capitalized to gross plant when incurred as part of the cost of the newly-installed asset and recorded to depreciation expense over the life of the new asset. Removal costs, net of salvage, incurred for property that will not be replaced is charged to operating and maintenance expense as incurred.

For ComEd, PECO and BGE, upon retirement, the cost of property, net of salvage, is charged to accumulated depreciation in accordance with the composite method of depreciation. ComEd's and BGE's depreciation expense includes the estimated cost of dismantling and removing plant from service upon retirement, which is consistent with each utility's regulatory recovery method. ComEd's and BGE's actual incurred removal costs are applied against a related regulatory liability. PECO's removal costs are capitalized to accumulated depreciation when incurred, and recorded to depreciation expense over the life of the new asset constructed consistent with PECO's regulatory recovery method. 

Generation's oil and gas exploration and production activities consist of working interests in gas producing fields. Generation accounts for these activities under the successful efforts method of accounting. Acquisition, development and exploration costs are capitalized. Costs of drilling exploratory wells are initially capitalized and later charged to expense if reserves are not discovered or deemed not to be commercially viable. Other exploratory costs are charged to expense when incurred.

 

See Note 7—Property, Plant and Equipment, Note 9—Jointly Owned Electric Utility Plant and Note 23—Supplemental Financial Information for additional information regarding property, plant and equipment.

 

Nuclear Fuel (Exelon and Generation)

 

The cost of nuclear fuel is capitalized within property, plant and equipment and charged to fuel expense using the unit-of-production method. The estimated disposal cost of SNF is established per the Standard Waste Contract with the DOE and is expensed through fuel expense at one mill ($0.001) per kWh of net nuclear generation. On-site SNF storage costs are being reimbursed by the DOE since a DOE (or government-owned) long-term storage facility has not been completed. See Note 22Commitments and Contingencies for additional information regarding the SNF disposal fee.

 

Nuclear Outage Costs (Exelon and Generation)

 

Costs associated with nuclear outages, including planned major maintenance activities, are expensed to operating and maintenance expense or capitalized to property, plant and equipment (based on the nature of the activities) in the period incurred.

 

New Site Development Costs (Exelon and Generation)

 

New site development costs represent the costs incurred in the assessment and design of new power generating facilities. Such costs are capitalized when management considers project completion to be probable, primarily based on management's determination that the project is economically and operationally feasible, management and/or the Exelon board of directors has approved the project and has committed to a plan to develop it, and Exelon and Generation have received the required regulatory approvals or management believes the receipt of required regulatory approvals is probable.  Capitalized development costs are charged to Operating and maintenance expense when project completion is no longer probable. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, there were no material capitalized development costs for projects not yet under construction included in Property, plant and equipment, net on Exelon's and Generation's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Approximately $10 million, $4 million and $2 million of costs were expensed by Exelon and Generation for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively. These costs primarily related to the possible development of new renewable energy projects.

 

Capitalized Software Costs (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Costs incurred during the application development stage of software projects that are internally developed or purchased for operational use are capitalized. Such capitalized amounts are amortized ratably over the expected lives of the projects when they become operational, generally not to exceed five years. Certain other capitalized software costs are being amortized over longer lives based on the expected life or pursuant to prescribed regulatory requirements. The following table presents net unamortized capitalized software costs and amortization of capitalized software costs by year:

Net unamortized software costsExelon Generation ComEd  PECO  BGE
               
December 31, 2013$ 479 $ 129 $ 101 $ 71 $ 155
December 31, 2012  499   143   105   63   157
               
Amortization of capitalized software costsExelon (a) Generation (a) ComEd  PECO BGE (a)
               
2013$ 198 $ 67 $ 52 $ 33 $ 36
2012  208   81   56   30   32
2011  122   41   50   25   25

__________

(a)       Exelon activity for the year ended December 31, 2012 includes the results of Constellation and BGE for March 12, 2012 – December 31, 2012. Generation activity for the year ended December 31, 2012 includes the results of Constellation for March 12, 2012 – December 31, 2012. BGE activity represents the activity for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

Except for the amortization of nuclear fuel, depreciation is generally recorded over the estimated service lives of property, plant and equipment on a straight-line basis using the composite method. ComEd's and BGE's depreciation includes a provision for estimated removal costs as authorized by the respective regulators. The estimated service lives for ComEd, PECO and BGE are primarily based on the average service lives from the most recent depreciation study for each respective company. The estimated service lives of the nuclear-fuel generating facilities are based on the remaining useful lives of the stations, which assume a 20-year license renewal extension of the operating licenses (to the extent that such renewal has not yet been granted) for all of Generation's operating nuclear generating stations except for Oyster Creek. The estimated service lives of the hydroelectric generating facilities are based on the remaining useful lives of the stations, which assume a license renewal extension of the operating licenses. The estimated service lives of the fossil fuel and other renewable generating facilities are based on the remaining useful lives of the stations, which Generation periodically evaluates based on feasibility assessments taking into account economic and capital requirement considerations.

 

See Note 7—Property, Plant and Equipment for further information regarding depreciation.

Depletion of oil and gas exploration and production activities is recorded using the units-of-production method over the remaining life of the estimated proved reserves at the field level for acquisition costs and over the remaining life of proved developed reserves at the field level for development costs. The estimates for gas reserves are based on internal calculations.

 

Amortization of regulatory assets is recorded over the recovery period specified in the related legislation or regulatory agreement. When the recovery or refund period is less than one year, amortization is recorded to the line item in which the deferred cost would have originally been recorded in the Registrants' Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.  With exception of income tax-related regulatory assets, when the recovery period is more than one year, the amortization is recorded to Depreciation and amortization in the Registrants' Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.  For income tax related regulatory assets, amortization is generally recorded to Income tax expense in the Registrants' Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.

 

See Note 3—Regulatory Matters and Note 23—Supplemental Financial Information for additional information regarding Generation's nuclear fuel, Generation's ARC and the amortization of ComEd's, PECO's and BGE's regulatory assets.

Asset Retirement Obligations (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

The authoritative guidance for accounting for AROs requires the recognition of a liability for a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity even though the timing and/or method of settlement may be conditional on a future event. To estimate its decommissioning obligation related to its nuclear generating stations, Generation uses a probability-weighted, discounted cash flow model which, on a unit-by-unit basis, considers multiple outcome scenarios that include significant estimates and assumptions, and are based on decommissioning cost studies, cost escalation rates, probabilistic cash flow models and discount rates. Generation generally updates its ARO annually during the third quarter, unless circumstances warrant more frequent updates, based on its review of updated cost studies and its annual evaluation of cost escalation factors and probabilities assigned to various scenarios. Decommissioning cost studies are updated, on a rotational basis, for each of Generation's nuclear units at least every five years. The liabilities associated with Exelon's non-nuclear AROs are adjusted on an ongoing rotational basis, at least once every five years. Changes to the recorded value of an ARO result from the passage of new laws and regulations, revisions to either the timing or amount of estimates of undiscounted cash flows, and estimates of cost escalation factors. AROs are accreted each year to reflect the time value of money for these present value obligations through a charge to operating and maintenance expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations or, in the case of the majority of ComEd's, PECO's, and BGE's accretion, through an increase to regulatory assets. See Note 15—Asset Retirement Obligations for additional information.

Capitalized Interest and AFUDC (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

During construction, Exelon and Generation capitalize the costs of debt funds used to finance non-regulated construction projects. Capitalization of debt funds is recorded as a charge to construction work in progress and as a non-cash credit to interest expense.

 

Exelon, ComEd, PECO and BGE apply the authoritative guidance for accounting for certain types of regulation to calculate AFUDC, which is the cost, during the period of construction, of debt and equity funds used to finance construction projects for regulated operations. AFUDC is recorded to construction work in progress and as a non-cash credit to AFUDC that is included in interest expense for debt-related funds and other income and deductions for equity-related funds. The rates used for capitalizing AFUDC are computed under a method prescribed by regulatory authorities.

The following table summarizes total incurred interest, capitalized interest and credits to AFUDC by year:

 

  Exelon (a) Generation (a) ComEd  PECO  BGE (a)
                
2013Total incurred interest (b)$ 1,423 $ 411 $ 584 $ 117 $ 129
 Capitalized interest  54   54      
 Credits to AFUDC debt and equity  35     16   6   13
                
2012Total incurred interest (b)$ 1,003 $ 368 $ 310 $ 125 $ 149
 Capitalized interest  67   67      
 Credits to AFUDC debt and equity  25     9   6   15
                
2011Total incurred interest (b)$ 783 $ 219 $ 349 $ 138 $ 136
 Capitalized interest  49   49      
 Credits to AFUDC debt and equity  25     12   13   22

__________

(a)       Exelon activity for the year ended December 31, 2012 includes the results of Constellation and BGE for March 12, 2012 – December 31, 2012. Generation activity for the year ended December 31, 2012 includes the results of Constellation for March 12, 2012 – December 31, 2012. BGE activity represents the activity for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010.

(b)       Includes interest expense to affiliates.

 

Guarantees (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

The Registrants recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair market value of the obligations they have undertaken in issuing the guarantee, including the ongoing obligation to perform over the term of the guarantee in the event that the specified triggering events or conditions occur.

 

The liability that is initially recognized at the inception of the guarantee is reduced as the Registrants are released from risk under the guarantee. Depending on the nature of the guarantee, the release from risk of the Registrant may be recognized only upon the expiration or settlement of the guarantee or by a systematic and rational amortization method over the term of the guarantee. See Note 22—Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

 

Asset Impairments (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Long-Lived Assets. The Registrants evaluate the carrying value of their long-lived assets or asset groups, excluding goodwill, when circumstances indicate the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. The Registrants determine if long-lived assets and asset groups are impaired by comparing their undiscounted expected future cash flows to their carrying value. Cash flows for long-lived assets and asset groups are determined at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Cash flows from Generation plant assets are generally evaluated at a regional portfolio level along with cash flows generated from Generation's supply and risk management activities, including cash flows from contracts that are recorded as intangible contract assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. In certain cases generation assets may be evaluated on an individual basis where those assets are contracted on a long-term basis with a third party and operations are independent of other generation assets (typically contracted renewables).

 

Impairment may occur when the carrying value of the asset or asset group exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows. When the undiscounted cash flow analysis indicates a long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable, the amount of the impairment loss is determined by measuring the excess of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group over its fair value.

 

Conditions that could have an adverse impact on the expected future cash flows and the fair value of the long-lived assets and asset groups include, among other factors, a deteriorating business climate, including energy prices and market conditions, revisions to regulatory laws, or plans to dispose of a long-lived asset significantly before the end of its useful life. See Note 8 – Impairment of Long-Lived Assets for additional information.

 

Goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of a business. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually or on an interim basis if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. See Note 10—Intangible Assets for additional information regarding Exelon's and ComEd's goodwill.

 

Equity Method Investments. Exelon and Generation regularly monitor and evaluate equity method investments to determine whether they are impaired. An impairment is recorded when the investment has experienced a decline in value that is not temporary in nature. Additionally, if the project in which Generation holds an investment recognizes an impairment loss, Exelon and Generation would record their proportionate share of that impairment loss and evaluate the investment for an other than temporary decline in value.

 

Direct Financing Lease Investments. Direct financing lease investments represent the estimated residual values of leased coal-fired plants in Georgia and Texas. Exelon reviews the estimated residual values of its direct financing lease investments and records an impairment charge if the review indicates an other than temporary decline in the fair value of the residual values below their carrying values. See Note 8 – Impairment of Long-Lived Assets for additional information.

 

 

Derivative Financial Instruments (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

All derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value unless they qualify for certain exceptions, including the normal purchases and normal sales exception. Additionally, derivatives that qualify and are designated for hedge accounting are classified as either hedges of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (fair value hedge) or hedges of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge). For fair value hedges, changes in fair values for both the derivative and the underlying hedged exposure are recognized in earnings each period. For cash flow hedges, the portion of the derivative gain or loss that is effective in offsetting the change in the cost or value of the underlying exposure is deferred in accumulated OCI and later reclassified into earnings when the underlying transaction occurs. Gains and losses from the ineffective portion of any hedge are recognized in earnings immediately. For derivative contracts intended to serve as economic hedges and that are not designated or do not qualify for hedge accounting or the normal purchases and normal sales exception, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recognized in earnings each period. Amounts classified in earnings are included in revenue, purchased power and fuel, interest expense or other, net on the Consolidated Statement of Operations based on the activity the transaction is economically hedging. For energy-related derivatives entered into for proprietary trading purposes, which are subject to Exelon's Risk Management Policy, changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recognized in earnings each period. All amounts classified in earnings related to proprietary trading are included in revenue on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Cash inflows and outflows related to derivative instruments are included as a component of operating, investing or financing cash flows in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, depending on the nature of each transaction.

 

For commodity derivative contracts, effective with the date of the merger with Constellation, Generation no longer utilizes the election provided for by the cash flow hedge designation and de-designated all of its existing cash flow hedges prior to the merger. Because the underlying forecasted transactions remain probable, the fair value of the effective portion of these cash flow hedges was frozen in accumulated OCI and will be reclassified to results of operations when the forecasted purchase or sale of the energy commodity occurs, or becomes probable of not occurring. None of Constellation's designated cash flow hedges for commodity transactions prior to the merger were re-designated as cash flow hedges. The effect of this decision is that all derivatives executed to hedge economic risk for commodities are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recognized through earnings for the combined company.

 

As part of Generation's energy marketing business, Generation enters into contracts to buy and sell energy to meet the requirements of its customers. These contracts include short-term and long-term commitments to purchase and sell energy and energy-related products in the energy markets with the intent and ability to deliver or take delivery of the underlying physical commodity. Normal purchases and normal sales are contracts where physical delivery is probable, quantities are expected to be used or sold in the normal course of business over a reasonable period of time and will not be financially settled. Revenues and expenses on derivative contracts that qualify, and are designated, as normal purchases and normal sales are recognized when the underlying physical transaction is completed. While these contracts are considered derivative financial instruments, they are not required to be recorded at fair value, but rather are recorded on an accrual basis of accounting. See Note 12—Derivative Financial Instruments for additional information.

 

Retirement Benefits (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

 

Exelon sponsors defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans for essentially all Generation, ComEd, PECO, BGE and BSC employees. Effective March 12, 2012, Exelon became the sponsor of all of Constellation's defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans and defined contribution savings plans.

 

The measurement of the plan obligations and costs of providing benefits under these plans involve various factors, including numerous assumptions and accounting elections. The assumptions are reviewed annually and at any interim remeasurement of the plan obligations. The impact of assumption changes or experience different from that assumed on pension and other postretirement benefit obligations is recognized over time rather than immediately recognized in the income statement. Gains or losses in excess of the greater of ten percent of the projected benefit obligation or the MRV of plan assets are amortized over the expected average remaining service period of plan participants. See Note 16—Retirement Benefits for additional discussion of Exelon's accounting for retirement benefits.

 

Equity Investment Earnings (Losses) of Unconsolidated Affiliates (Exelon and Generation)

 

Exelon and Generation include equity in earnings from equity method investments in qualifying facilities, power projects and joint ventures, including Generation's 50.01% interest in CENG, in equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated affiliates. Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated affiliates also includes any adjustments to amortize the difference, if any, except for goodwill and land, between their cost in an equity method investment and the underlying equity in net assets of the investee at the date of investment. See Note 5 – Investment in CENG and Note 25—Related Party Transactions for additional discussion of Exelon's and Generation's investment in CENG.

 

Exelon and Generation continuously monitor for issues that potentially could impact future profitability of these equity method investments and which could result in the recognition of an impairment loss if such investment experiences an other than temporary decline in value.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements (Exelon, Generation, ComEd, PECO and BGE)

       

Exelon has identified the following new accounting pronouncements that have been recently adopted or issued that may affect the Registrants.

 

Presentation of Items Reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

 

In February 2013, the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring entities to present either in the notes or parenthetically on the face of the financial statements, reclassifications from each component of accumulated other comprehensive income and the affected income statement line items. Entities only need to disclose the affected income statement line item for components reclassified to net income in their entirety; otherwise, a cross-reference to the related note should be provided. This guidance was effective for the Registrants for periods beginning after December 15, 2012 and was required to be applied prospectively. As this guidance provides only disclosure requirements, the adoption of this standard did not impact the Registrants' results of operations, cash flows or financial positions. See Note 21 – Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income for the new disclosures.

 

Disclosures About Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

 

In December 2011 (and amended in January 2013), the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring entities to disclose both gross and net information about recognized derivative instruments, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing or lending transactions that are offset on the balance sheet or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset on the balance sheet. The guidance was effective for the Registrants for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013 and was required to be applied retrospectively. This guidance is primarily applicable to certain derivative transactions for Exelon and Generation. As this guidance provides only disclosure requirements, the adoption of this standard did not impact the Registrants' results of operations, cash flows or financial positions. See Note 12 Derivative Financial Instruments for the new disclosures.

 

Inclusion of the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes

 

In July 2013, the FASB issued authoritative guidance permitting entities to designate the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes. Prior to the issuance of this guidance, only interest rates on direct treasury obligations of the U.S. government and the LIBOR swap rate were considered benchmark interest rates in the U.S. This guidance was effective immediately and can be applied prospectively for qualifying new or redesignated hedging relationships entered into on or after July 17, 2013. Currently, the Registrants do not use the Fed Funds Effective Swap Rate as a benchmark interest rate, but may in the future.

 

The following recently issued accounting standard is not yet required to be reflected in the combined financial statements of the Registrants.

 

Presentation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits When Net Operating Loss Carryforwards, Similar Tax Losses or Tax Credit Carryforwards Exist

 

In July 2013, the FASB issued authoritative guidance requiring entities to present unrecognized tax benefits as a reduction to deferred tax assets for losses or other tax carryforwards that would be available to offset the uncertain tax positions at the reporting date. Currently, the Registrants present their unrecognized tax benefits as liabilities on a gross basis unless an unrecognized tax benefit is directly associated with a tax position taken in a tax year that results in the recognition of a net operating loss or other tax carryforward for that year. This guidance is effective for the Registrants for periods beginning after December 15, 2013 and is required to be applied prospectively, with retroactive application permitted. The Registrants will not retroactively adopt this guidance. This guidance is currently not expected to have an impact on the Registrants upon adoption with the exception of Exelon and Generation in which approximately $11 million of unrecognized tax benefits will be offset against current deferred income assets. The adoption of this standard will not impact the Registrants' results of operations.

 

  • These items represent amounts on the unconsolidated VIE balance sheets, not on Exelon's or Generation's Consolidated Balance Sheets. These items are included to provide information regarding the relative size of the unconsolidated VIEs.
  • These items represent amounts on Exelon's and Generation's Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the asset sale agreement with ZionSolutions, LLC. The net assets pledged for Zion Station decommissioning includes gross pledged assets of $458 million and $614 million as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively; offset by payables to ZionSolutions LLC of $414 million and $564 million as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively. These items are included to provide information regarding the relative size of the ZionSolutions LLC unconsolidated VIE. See Note 15 – Asset Retirement Obligations for further discussion.

 

For each unconsolidated VIE, Exelon and Generation assess the risk of a loss equal to their maximum exposure to be remote and, accordingly Exelon and Generation have not recognized a liability associated with any portion of the maximum exposure to loss. In addition, there are no agreements with, or commitments by, third parties that would materially affect the fair value or risk of their variable interests in these variable interest entities.

Energy Purchase and Sale Agreements. In March 2005, Constellation, to which Generation is now a successor, closed a transaction in which Generation assumed from a counterparty two power sales contracts with previously existing VIEs. The VIEs previously were created by the counterparty to issue debt in order to monetize the value of the original contracts to purchase and sell power. Under the power sales contracts, Generation sold power to the VIEs which, in turn, sold that power to an electric distribution utility through 2013. In connection with this transaction, a third-party acquired the equity of the VIEs and Generation loaned that party a portion of the purchase price. If the electric distribution utility were to default under its obligation to buy power from the VIEs, the equity holder could transfer its equity interests to Generation in lieu of repaying the loan. In this event, Generation would have the right to seek recovery of its losses from the electric distribution utility. As a result, Generation has concluded that consolidation was not required. During 2013, the third-party repaid their obligations of the loan with Generation which caused the entities to no longer be unconsolidated VIEs.

ZionSolutions. Generation has an asset sale agreement with EnergySolutions, Inc. and certain of its subsidiaries, including ZionSolutions, LLC (ZionSolutions), which is further discussed in Note 15 – Asset Retirement Obligations. Under this agreement, ZionSolutions can put the assets and liabilities back to Generation when decommissioning is complete. Generation has evaluated this agreement and determined that, through the put option, it has a variable interest in ZionSolutions but is not the primary beneficiary. As a result, Generation has concluded that consolidation is not required. Other than the asset sale agreement, Exelon or Generation do not have any contractual or other obligations to provide additional financial support and ZionSolutions' creditors do not have any recourse to Exelon's or Generation's general credit.

Fuel Purchase Commitments. Generation's customer supply operations include the physical delivery and marketing of power obtained through its generating capacity, and long-, intermediate- and short-term contracts. Generation also has contracts to purchase fuel supplies for nuclear and fossil generation. These contracts and Generation's membership in NEIL are discussed in further detail in Note 22 – Commitments and Contingencies. Generation has evaluated these contracts and its membership with NEIL and determined that it either has no variable interest in an entity or, where Generation does have a variable interest in an entity, the variable interest is not significant and it is not the primary beneficiary; therefore, consolidation is not required.

For contracts where Generation has a variable interest, the level of variability being absorbed through the contracts is not considered significant because of the small proportion of the entities' activities encompassed by the contracts with Generation. Further, Generation has considered which interest holder has the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE and thus is considered the primary beneficiary and is required to consolidate the entity. The primary beneficiary must also have exposure to significant losses or the right to receive significant benefits from the VIE. In general, the most significant activity of the VIEs is the operation and maintenance of the facilities. Facilities represent power plants, sources of uranium and fossil fuels, or plants used in the uranium conversion, enrichment and fabrication process. Generation does not have control over the operation and maintenance of the facilities considered VIEs, and it does not bear operational risk of the facilities. Furthermore, Generation has no debt or equity investments in the entities and Generation does not provide any other financial support through liquidity arrangements, guarantees or other commitments other than purchase commitments described in Note 22 —Commitments and Contingencies. Upon consideration of these factors, Generation does not consider itself to have significant variable interests in these entities or be the primary beneficiary of these VIEs and, accordingly, has determined that consolidation is not required.

Investment in Energy Development Projects. Generation has several equity investments in energy generating facilities. Generation has evaluated the significant agreements, ownership structures and risks of each of its equity investments, and determined that certain of the entities are VIEs because Generation guarantees the debt of the entity, provides equity support, or provides operating services to the entity. Generation has reviewed the entities and has determined that Generation is not the primary beneficiary of the entities that qualify as VIEs because Generation does not have the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance. 

Residential Solar Provider. Generation has an equity investment in a residential solar provider. Generation has evaluated the significant agreements, ownership structure and risks of the entity, and determined that the entity is a VIE because it does not have sufficient equity at risk to fund its operations. Generation has determined that its equity investment in the entity is a variable interest. However, Generation has concluded that we are not the primary beneficiary because Generation does not have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance. Exelon or Generation do not have any contractual or other obligations to provide additional financial support and the residential solar provider's creditors do not have any recourse to Exelon's or Generation's general credit.

ComEd, PECO and BGE

ComEd's, PECO's, and BGE's retail operations frequently include the purchase of electricity and RECs through procurement contracts of varying durations. See Note 3 – Regulatory Matters and Note 22 – Commitments and Contingencies for additional information on these contracts. ComEd, PECO and BGE have evaluated these types of contracts and have historically determined that either there is no significant variable interest in the entity, or where either ComEd, PECO or BGE does have a significant variable interest in a VIE, ComEd, PECO or BGE would not be the primary beneficiary and, therefore, consolidation would not be required.

For contracts where ComEd, PECO or BGE is considered to have a significant variable interest, consideration is given to which interest holder has the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE. In general, the most significant activity of the VIEs is the operation and maintenance of their production or procurement processes related to electricity, RECs, AECs or natural gas. ComEd, PECO and BGE do not have control over the operation and maintenance of the entities and they do not bear operational risk related to the associated activities. Generally, the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in ComEd's, PECO's, and BGE's Consolidated Balance Sheets that relate to their involvement with VIEs as a result of commercial arrangements represent the amounts owed by the utilities for the purchases associated with the current billing cycles under the contracts. As of December 31, 2013, the total amount of accounts payable owed by the utilities under agreements with these VIEs was not material. In addition, variability from these contracts is mitigated by the fact that the utilities are able to recover costs incurred under purchase agreements through customer rates. Furthermore, ComEd, PECO and BGE do not have any debt or equity investments in these VIEs and do not provide any other financial support through liquidity arrangements, guarantees or other commitments other than purchase commitments described in Note 22 – Commitments and Contingencies. Accordingly, none of ComEd, PECO or BGE considers itself to be the primary beneficiary of any VIEs as a result of commercial arrangements.

 

The financing trust of ComEd, ComEd Financing III, the financing trusts of PECO, PECO Trust III and PECO Trust IV, and the financing trust of BGE, BGE Capital Trust II are not consolidated in Exelon's, ComEd's, PECO's or BGE's financial statements. These financing trusts were created to issue mandatorily redeemable trust preferred securities. ComEd, PECO, and BGE have concluded that they do not have a significant variable interest in ComEd Financing III, PECO Trust III, PECO Trust IV or BGE Capital Trust II as each Registrant financed its equity interest in the financing trusts through the issuance of subordinated debt and, therefore, has no equity at risk.  See Note 13 – Debt and Credit Agreements for additional information.