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Other Events
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Other Events  
Other Events

2  Other Events

2011 Events

 
  Pre-Tax
  After-Tax
 
   
 
  (In millions)
 

Impairment losses and other costs

  $ (891.0 ) $ (530.2 )

Impact of power purchase agreement with CENG

    (200.4 )   (118.5 )

Amortization of basis difference in CENG

    (153.1 )   (90.5 )

Gain on settlements with U.S. Department of Energy

    93.8     57.3  

Gain on divestitures

    57.3     32.7  

Merger costs

    (117.9 )   (70.9 )

Transaction fees for Boston Generating acquisition

    (15.5 )   (9.9 )
   

Total other items

  $ (1,226.8 ) $ (730.0 )
   

Impairment Losses and Other Costs

Impairment Evaluations

We discuss our policy for evaluation of assets for impairment and other than temporary declines in value in Note 1. We perform impairment evaluations for our long-lived assets, equity method and cost method investments, and goodwill when events occur that indicate that the potential for an impairment exists.

        A decrease in long-term forward power prices is a significant event that could result in us performing an impairment evaluation for our generating assets (including those held in equity and cost method investments). One of the primary drivers of forward power prices is forward natural gas prices. A decrease in forward power prices lowers the expected future cash flows from the long-lived asset or equity and cost method investments since sales of power would occur at lower prices and generate lower revenues.

        During the fourth quarter of 2011, the following events that lower expected future cash flows resulted in the need for us to perform impairment evaluations of certain of our equity and cost method investments as well as certain of the power plants we own:

  • natural gas prices declined approximately 19% during the fourth quarter of 2011 primarily due to an increase in supply, and negatively impacted forward power prices,
    increased uncertainty around the timing and extent of federal carbon legislation also negatively impacted forward power prices,
    changes in the pricing structure for power sales from our power projects and qualifying facilities in California and Utah to reflect lower market-based pricing,
    decreased prices for solar renewable energy credits primarily due to an increase in supply, and
    forecasted additional expenses for a facility in Pennsylvania to comply with the EPA's recent emission regulations.

        As a result of these evaluations, we recorded impairments of several of our equity and cost method investments. We describe the impairment evaluations we performed in the following sections.

Equity Method Investments

We evaluated certain of our equity method investments in light of recent declines in commodity prices. The investments we evaluated include our investment in CENG and our investments in certain qualifying facilities.

        We record an impairment if an investment has experienced a decline in fair value to a level less than our carrying value and the decline is "other than temporary." We do not record an impairment if the decline in value is temporary and we have the ability to recover the carrying amount of our investment. In making this determination, we evaluate the reasons for an investment's decline in value, the extent and length of that decline, and factors that indicate whether and when the value will recover.

CENG

As of December 31, 2011, the estimated fair value of our investment in CENG was $2.2 billion, which was lower than its carrying value of $3.0 billion.

        There is no active market for ownership interests in CENG or comparable entities that solely own and operate nuclear power plants. Therefore, we were required to exercise significant judgment in estimating the fair value of our investment based upon information that a market participant would consider. We believe our estimate incorporates the best data available as of December 31, 2011 for each input, which we describe below. However, the resulting fair value amount remains an estimate and is subject to change in the future based upon changes in any of the inputs or the underlying operating, market, and economic conditions we considered.

        Because of the absence of relevant market transactions for similar entities, we estimated the fair value of CENG using discounted future cash flows based upon inputs that we believe reflect a market participant's perspective. Our methodology was consistent with the methodology used to estimate fair value in September 2010, when we previously recorded an impairment of our investment. The most significant inputs to our estimate of fair value include expectations of nuclear plant performance, future power prices, nuclear fuel and operating costs, forecasted capital expenditures, existing power sales commitments and a discounting factor reflective of an investor's required risk-adjusted return. To the extent possible, we considered available market information and other third-party data for each of the inputs. However, because of the long operating lives of nuclear power plants, we were required to estimate inputs for many years beyond periods for which observable market data is available. Additionally, we compared the inputs to relevant historical information, and we benchmarked our valuation using implied market data of other companies that own nuclear generation facilities.

        Upon completion of our evaluation, we determined that the fair value of our investment in CENG had declined by approximately $0.8 billion on a pre-tax basis as of December 31, 2011. The decline in fair value is primarily attributable to the following factors:

  • significant and sustained declines in forward power and capacity prices that continued into the fourth quarter of 2011,
    continued decreases in the market price of natural gas, particularly in the fourth quarter of 2011, that adversely impact the level of and potential for recovery in power prices in the near term,
    delays in timing and increased uncertainty regarding the timing and provisions of carbon emissions reduction and other potential environmental legislation that reduced estimates of long-term future power prices in the fourth quarter of 2011.

        Based upon the extent of the decline below carrying value, the fundamental reasons for and the sustained nature of the decline, and our assessment that a sufficient improvement in these factors necessary to produce a recovery in fair value is not likely to occur in the near term, we determined that the decline in fair value is other than temporary. Therefore, we recorded an $824.2 million pre-tax impairment charge during the quarter ended December 31, 2011 to write-down our investment to fair value as of that date. We recorded this charge in "Impairment losses and other costs" in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). To the extent that the fair value of our investment declines further in future quarters, we may record additional write-downs if we determine that any additional declines are other than temporary.

Qualifying Facilities

As a result of the changes in the pricing structure for qualifying facilities in California and Utah to more of a market based mechanism coupled with the significant decline in forward prices for natural gas in the fourth quarter of 2011, we determined that the fair values of certain of our equity and cost method investments declined substantially below book value. Also, the expected additional cost of complying with the EPA's recent emission regulations coupled with the decline in natural gas prices in the fourth quarter caused the fair value of one of our waste coal facilities in Pennsylvania to decline substantially below book value. As a result, we recorded a $66.8 million pre-tax impairment charge during the quarter ended December 31, 2011 to write down these investments to fair value as of that date.

        We recorded these charges in the "Impairment losses and other costs" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Generating Plants

We evaluated the impact of the events that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2011 on the recoverability of certain of our wholly owned generating plants. As discussed in Note 1, we evaluated whether these plants would generate undiscounted cash flows from operations that are at least sufficient to recover the carrying value of our investment. Based upon our consideration of these events, we determined that our generating plants were not impaired as of December 31, 2011.

Goodwill

We performed our annual impairment review in the quarter ended September 30, 2011 and determined that our goodwill is not impaired. The events of the fourth quarter were not considered triggering events for our goodwill as all of our goodwill is recorded within our retail energy reporting unit within our NewEnergy business segment. For this reporting unit, fair value is primarily impacted by changes in customer margins, which did not materially change in the fourth quarter of 2011.

Impact of Power Purchase Agreement with CENG

In connection with the closing of the CENG membership sale transaction with EDF in 2009, we entered into a five year power purchase agreement (PPA) with CENG with an initial fair value of $0.8 billion.

        Based on energy prices at the time of closing of the EDF transaction, we recorded the approximately $0.8 billion "Unamortized energy contract asset" for the value of our PPA with CENG, and CENG recorded an approximately ($0.8) billion "Unamortized energy contract liability." Both entities are amortizing these amounts over the initial two years of the five-year term of the PPA, with the total net economic value to be realized by us in the form of lower purchased power costs equal to approximately $0.4 billion as a result of our 50.01% ownership interest in CENG. During 2011, we realized approximately $200.4 million pre-tax in economic value relating to its PPA with CENG.

Amortization of Basis Difference in CENG

On November 6, 2009, Constellation Energy sold a 49.99% membership interest in CENG to EDF for total consideration of approximately $4.7 billion (includes $3.5 billion in cash at close, the non-cash redemption of the $1.0 billion Series B Preferred Stock held by EDF, and certain expense reimbursements). As a result, we ceased to have a controlling financial interest in CENG and deconsolidated CENG in the fourth quarter of 2009.

        On November 6, 2009, we began to account for our retained investment in CENG using the equity method and report our share of its earnings in our Generation business segment. As a result, we no longer record the individual income statement line items, but instead record our share of the investment's earnings in a single line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

        We had an initial basis difference of approximately $3.9 billion between the initial carrying value of our investment in CENG and our underlying equity in CENG. This basis difference was caused by the requirement to record our investment in CENG at fair value at closing while CENG's assets and liabilities retained their carrying value. We are amortizing this basis difference over the respective useful lives of the assets of CENG or as those assets impact the earnings of CENG.

        Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2010, the amortization of the basis difference in CENG is lower as the basis difference was reduced by the amount of the impairment charge recorded on our investment in CENG during the quarter ended September 30, 2010. The new basis difference as of September 30, 2010 was $1.5 billion.

        For the year ended December 31, 2011, we recorded $153.1 million of pre-tax basis difference amortization as a reduction to our equity investment earnings in CENG. The impairment recorded in the fourth quarter of 2011 will further reduce the basis difference and, therefore, will reduce future amortization of the basis difference. The basis difference as of December 31, 2011 is $453.1 million. We discuss the components of our equity investment earnings in Note 4.

Gain on U.S. Department of Energy Settlements

On June 30, 2011, CENG executed settlement agreements with the United States Department of Energy (DOE) which settled lawsuits involving the Calvert Cliffs nuclear power plant that sought to recover damages caused by the DOE's failure to comply with legal and contractual obligations to dispose of spent nuclear fuel. A similar settlement was reached related to the Ginna nuclear power plant. These agreements detail a framework and procedure for recovery of damages incurred or to be incurred through the end of 2013.

        As part of the 2009 agreement between Constellation Energy and EDF that established CENG as a joint venture, Constellation Energy retained the right to receive any such payments for a settlement with the DOE that related to periods prior to the formation of the joint venture on November 6, 2009. Therefore, any funds received from the DOE that represent the settlement of claims incurred through November 6, 2009, the date we sold a 49.99% membership interest in CENG to EDF, will belong to us, and any funds representing the settlement of claims incurred after November 6, 2009 will belong to CENG.

        CENG records the receipt of funds from settlements with the DOE as offsets to the accounts where costs were originally charged. For those costs that were originally charged to expense, the offset of those costs will be recognized as part of CENG's earnings, of which Constellation Energy records its 50.01% share.

        During 2011, Constellation Energy, through its share of the settlements, recognized the following pre-tax gains as operating income for costs incurred through November 6, 2009 to store spent nuclear fuel:

  • $39.4 million related to the Calvert Cliffs nuclear power plant, and
    $54.4 million related to the Ginna nuclear power plant.

        The lawsuit relating to the storage of spent nuclear fuel at the Nine Mile Point nuclear power plant remains outstanding.

Gain on Divestitures

Upstream Gas Property

In December 2011, we sold all of our interests in a subsidiary that owned natural gas and oil assets in the south Texas region to Petrohawk Energy Corporation for $93.0 million. Our NewEnergy business recognized a pre-tax gain of $23.0 million on this sale.

        We also sold working interests in another natural gas property in the Texas region and recognized a $0.6 million gain.

        These gains are recorded on the "Net Gain on Divestiture" line on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Constellation Energy Partners LLC

In August 2011, we sold a majority of our interests in Constellation Energy Partners LLC (CEP) to PostRock Energy Corporation (PostRock). Under the terms of the agreement, PostRock received all of our Class A member interests, which includes the right to appoint two of the five members of CEP's board of directors, and approximately 3.1 million units of our Class B member interests. In return, we received $6.6 million in cash, one million shares of PostRock common stock and warrants to acquire an additional 673,822 shares of PostRock common stock. As a result of this August transaction, we recorded a pre-tax gain of $11.4 million in the "Net Gain on Divestitures" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

        Immediately following this transaction, we still retained a portion of the voting Class B member interests (approximately 2.8 million units) and other classes of non-voting member interests in CEP. However, since we no longer had significant influence over CEP's activities following the August 2011 sale, our retained interests did not qualify for the equity method of accounting. Upon the cessation of equity method accounting, we reclassified our remaining balance in accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings, recognizing a pre-tax gain of $11.6 million in the "Net Gain on Divestitures" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

        In December 2011, we sold all of our remaining Class B member interests in CEP to PostRock for $6 million cash. Upon completion of this transaction, we reclassified into earnings $4.7 million of gain that was previously deferred in 2008 as a result of a sale of upstream assets to CEP from us. As a result of this December transaction, we recorded a pre-tax gain of $10.7 million in the "Net Gain on Divestitures" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Merger Costs

On April 28, 2011, Constellation Energy entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Exelon Corporation (Exelon). At closing, each issued and outstanding share of common stock of Constellation Energy will be cancelled and converted into the right to receive 0.93 shares of common stock of Exelon, and Constellation Energy will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Exelon. We discuss the terms of the pending merger in more detail in Note 15.

        During 2011, we incurred $117.9 million pre-tax in costs directly related to our pending merger with Exelon, primarily relating to investment banking fees, legal fees, consulting fees, and employee-related expenses. Of this amount, $30.3 million pre-tax related to BGE. BGE will not seek recovery of these costs in rates.

Transaction Fees for Boston Generating Acquisition

In January 2011, we acquired Boston Generating's 2,950 MW fleet of generating plants for cash of $1.1 billion. We discuss this acquisition in more detail in Note 15.

        During 2011, we incurred $15.5 million pre-tax in costs related to this acquisition.

2010 Events

 
  Pre-Tax
  After-Tax
 
   
 
  (In millions)
 

Impairment losses and other costs

  $ (2,476.8 ) $ (1,487.1 )

International coal contract dispute settlement

    56.6     35.4  

Deferred income tax expense relating to federal subsidies for providing post-employment prescription drug benefits

          (8.8 )

Amortization of basis difference in CENG

    (195.2 )   (117.5 )

Loss on early retirement of 2012 Notes

    (51.6 )   (30.9 )

Impact of power purchase agreement with CENG

    (185.6 )   (113.3 )

Gain on divestitures

    240.0     146.0  
   

Total other items

  $ (2,612.6 ) $ (1,576.2 )
   

Impairment Losses and Other Costs

Impairment Evaluations

We discuss our policy for evaluation of assets for impairment and other than temporary declines in value in Note 1. We perform impairment evaluations for our long-lived assets, equity method and cost method investments, and goodwill when events occur that indicate that the potential for an impairment exists.

        During the third quarter of 2010, the following events resulted in the need for us to perform impairment evaluations of our equity method investments as well as the power plants we own:

  • commodity prices declined substantially,
    there was a decrease in certainty around the timing and extent of environmental legislation,
    we completed a process that led us to reject the terms and conditions of a Department of Energy (DOE) loan guarantee related to the development of a new nuclear power plant, and
    with respect to our investments in UNE and CENG, certain contractual issues with our partner remained unresolved as of the end of the third quarter of 2010.

        As a result of these evaluations, we recorded impairments of several of our equity method investments. We describe the impairment evaluations we performed in the following sections.

Equity Method Investments

We evaluated certain of our equity method investments in light of recent declines in commodity prices and the completion of the process that led to our rejection of the terms and conditions of the DOE loan guarantee for the development of new nuclear assets. The investments we evaluated include our investment in CENG, our investment in UNE, and our investments in certain qualifying facilities.

        We record an impairment if an investment has experienced a decline in fair value to a level less than our carrying value and the decline is "other than temporary." We do not record an impairment if the decline in value is temporary and we have the ability to recover the carrying amount of our investment. In making this determination, we evaluate the reasons for an investment's decline in value, the extent and length of that decline, and factors that indicate whether and when the value will recover.

CENG

As of September 30, 2010, the estimated fair value of our investment in CENG was $2.9 billion, which was lower than its carrying value of $5.2 billion. The carrying value of our investment reflected fair value as of the November 9, 2009 closing of EDF's investment in CENG. At that time, we were required to deconsolidate CENG and record our retained investment at fair value.

        There is no active market for the ownership interests in CENG or comparable entities that solely own and operate nuclear power plants. Therefore, we were required to exercise significant judgment in estimating the fair value of our investment based upon information that a market participant would consider. We believe our estimate incorporates the best data available as of September 30, 2010 for each input, which we describe below. However, the resulting fair value amount remains an estimate and is subject to change in the future based upon changes in any of the inputs or the underlying operating, market, and economic conditions we considered.

        Because of the absence of relevant market transactions for similar entities, we estimated the fair value of CENG using discounted future cash flows based upon inputs that we believe reflect a market participant's perspective. Our methodology was consistent with the methodology used to estimate fair value in November 2009. The most significant inputs to our estimate of fair value include expectations of nuclear plant performance, future power prices, nuclear fuel and operating costs, forecasted capital expenditures, existing power sales commitments and a discounting factor reflective of an investor's required risk-adjusted return. To the extent possible, we considered available market information and other third-party data for each of the inputs. However, because of the long operating lives of nuclear power plants, we were required to estimate inputs for many years beyond periods for which observable market data is available. Additionally, we compared the inputs to relevant historical information, and we benchmarked our valuation using implied market data of other companies that own nuclear generation facilities.

        Upon completion of our evaluation, we determined that the fair value of our investment in CENG had declined by approximately $2.3 billion on a pre-tax basis as of September 30, 2010. The decline in fair value is primarily attributable to the following factors:

  • significant declines in power prices, particularly in the third quarter of 2010,
    decreases in the market price of natural gas that adversely impact the level of and potential for recovery in power prices in the near term,
    uncertainty regarding the timing and provisions of carbon and other potential environmental legislation negatively impacting estimated future power prices, and
    an increase in the discount rate reflecting higher risk-adjusted required returns for nuclear power plants.

        Based upon the extent of the decline below carrying value, the fundamental reasons for the decline, and our assessment that a sufficient improvement in these factors necessary to produce a recovery in fair value is not likely to occur in the near term, we determined that the decline is other than temporary. Therefore, we recorded an approximately $2.3 billion pre-tax impairment charge during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 to write-down our investment to fair value as of that date. We recorded this charge in "Impairment losses and other costs" in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). To the extent that the fair value of our investment declines further in future quarters, we may record additional write-downs if we determine that any additional declines are other than temporary.

UNE

As of September 30, 2010, the estimated fair value of our investment in UNE was zero as compared to its carrying value of $143.4 million.

        Prior to the third quarter of 2010, we believed that we would recover our investment in UNE through the development and operation of a new nuclear power plant. However, during the third quarter of 2010, several factors led to a decline in the fair value of our investment, including:

  • economics of nuclear baseload generation had deteriorated substantially for reasons described above for CENG, and
    we were unable to negotiate acceptable loan guarantee terms, culminating a process that led us to reject the DOE loan guarantee due to an uneconomic level of costs.

        As a result of evaluating these factors, we determined that, as of September 30, 2010, we would not be able to recover the value of our investment. Our determination was based primarily on market-related factors that indicated that a market participant would assign little or no value to this entity due to the absence of a DOE loan guarantee.

        We also evaluated whether this decline in fair value was temporary. Based upon the nature of the factors leading to the decline, we determined, at September 30, 2010, that it was unlikely that these matters would be resolved in the near term in a way that would permit recovery in the fair value of our investment. Therefore, we concluded that the decline in the value of our investment in UNE was other than temporary, and we recorded a $143.4 million pre-tax impairment charge during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 to write-down our investment to estimated fair value as of that date. We recorded this charge in "Impairment losses and other costs" in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Qualifying Facilities

As a result of the significant declines in power prices during the third quarter of 2010, we determined that the fair values of three of our equity method investments in coal-fired generating plants in California declined substantially below book value. As a result, we recorded a $50.0 million pre-tax impairment charge during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 to write down our investments to fair value as of that date.

        Additionally, as a result of a sale of an ownership interest by our partner in the fourth quarter of 2010, we recorded an $8.4 million pre-tax impairment charge on one other equity method investment in California at December 31, 2010. We recorded these charges in the "Impairment losses and other costs" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Generating Plants

We evaluated the impact of the events that occurred during the third quarter of 2010 on the recoverability of our generating plants. As discussed in Note 1, we evaluated whether these plants would generate undiscounted cash flows from operations that are at least sufficient to recover the carrying value of our investment. Based upon our consideration of these events, the primary impact of which is a reduction in power prices, and the status of the generating plants' activities, we determined that our generating plants were not impaired as of September 30, or December 31, 2010.

Goodwill

We performed our annual impairment review in the quarter ended September 30, 2010 and determined that our goodwill is not impaired.

International Coal Contract Dispute Settlement

During 2010, we finalized the settlement of a contract dispute with a third party international coal supplier recognizing net pre-tax earnings of $56.6 million. We divested the majority of our international commodities operations in 2009.

Deferred Income Tax Expense Relating to Federal Subsidies for Providing Post-Employment Prescription Drug Benefits

During March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Healthcare and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 were signed into law. These laws eliminate the tax exempt status of drug subsidies provided to companies under Medicare Part D after December 31, 2012. As a result of this new legislation, we recorded a noncash charge to reflect additional deferred income tax expense of $8.8 million in March 2010.

Amortization of Basis Difference in CENG

On November 6, 2009, Constellation Energy sold a 49.99% membership interest in CENG to EDF for total consideration of approximately $4.7 billion (includes $3.5 billion in cash at close, the non-cash redemption of the $1.0 billion Series B Preferred Stock held by EDF, and certain expense reimbursements). As a result, we ceased to have a controlling financial interest in CENG and deconsolidated CENG in the fourth quarter of 2009.

        On November 6, 2009, we began to account for our retained investment in CENG using the equity method and report our share of its earnings in our Generation business segment. As a result, we no longer record the individual income statement line items, but instead record our share of the investment's earnings in a single line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

        We had an initial basis difference of approximately $3.9 billion between the initial carrying value of our investment in CENG and our underlying equity in CENG. This basis difference was caused by the requirement to record our investment in CENG at fair value at closing while CENG's assets and liabilities retained their carrying value. We are amortizing this basis difference over the respective useful lives of the assets of CENG or as those assets impact the earnings of CENG.

        Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2010, the amortization of the basis difference in CENG was lower as the basis difference was reduced by the amount of the impairment charge recorded on our investment in CENG during the quarter ended September 30, 2010. The new basis difference as of September 30, 2010 was $1.5 billion.

        For the year ended December 31, 2010, we recorded $195.2 million of pre-tax basis difference amortization as a reduction to our equity investment earnings in CENG. We discuss the components of our equity investment earnings in Note 4.

Loss on Early Retirement of 2012 Notes

In February 2010, we retired an aggregate principal amount of $486.5 million of our 7.00% Notes due April 1, 2012 as part of a cash tender offer, at a premium of approximately 11%. We recognized a pre-tax loss on this transaction of $51.6 million within "Interest Expense" on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Impact of Power Purchase Agreement with CENG

In connection with the closing of the CENG membership sale transaction with EDF, we entered into a five year power purchase agreement (PPA) with CENG with an initial fair value of $0.8 billion.

        Based on energy prices at the time of closing of the EDF transaction, we recorded the approximately $0.8 billion "Unamortized energy contract asset" for the value of our PPA with CENG, and CENG recorded an approximately ($0.8) billion "Unamortized energy contract liability." Both entities are amortizing these amounts over the initial two years of the five-year term of the PPA, with the total net economic value to be realized by us in the form of lower purchased power costs equal to approximately $0.4 billion as a result of our 50.01% ownership interest in CENG. During 2010, we realized approximately $185.6 million pre-tax in economic value relating to its PPA with CENG.

Divestitures

BGE

In January 2010, BGE completed the sale of its interest in a nonregulated subsidiary that owns a district chilled water facility to a third party. BGE received net cash proceeds of $20.9 million. No gain or loss was recorded on this transaction in 2010. BGE has no further involvement in the activities of this entity.

Mammoth Lakes Geothermal Generating Facility

In August 2010, we completed the sale of our 50% equity interest in the Mammoth Lakes geothermal generating facility in California. We received net cash proceeds of approximately $72.5 million. In the third quarter of 2010, our Generation business recorded a $38.0 million pre-tax gain on this transaction. We have no further involvement in the activities of this generating facility.

Comprehensive Agreement with EDF

In November 2010, we closed on the comprehensive agreement with EDF that restructured the relationship between Constellation Energy and EDF, eliminated the outstanding asset put arrangement, and transferred to EDF the full ownership of UNE. We received approximately $140 million of cash, and $75.2 million of Constellation Energy common stock and recorded a $202.0 million pre-tax gain on this transaction. We discuss the comprehensive agreement with EDF in Note 4.

Quail Run Energy Center

In December 2010, we signed an agreement to sell our Quail Run Energy Center, a 550 MW natural gas plant in west Texas, to High Plains Diversified Energy Corporation (HPDEC) for $185.3 million. This agreement was contingent upon HPDEC obtaining financing through the sale of municipal bonds. This agreement was terminated in 2011.

2009 Events

 
  Pre-Tax
  After-Tax
 
   
 
  (In millions)
 

Gain on sale of 49.99% membership interest in our nuclear generation and operation business (CENG) to EDF

  $ 7,445.6   $ 4,456.1  

Amortization of basis difference in CENG

    (29.6 )   (17.8 )

Net loss on divestitures

    (468.8 )   (293.2 )

Impairment losses and other costs (1)

    (124.7 )   (96.2 )

Impairment of nuclear decommissioning trust assets through November 6, 2009

    (62.6 )   (46.8 )

Loss on redemption of Zero Coupon Senior Notes

    (16.0 )   (10.0 )

Maryland PSC order—BGE residential customer credits

    (112.4 )   (67.1 )

Merger termination and strategic alternatives costs

    (145.8 )   (13.8 )

Workforce reduction costs

    (12.6 )   (9.3 )
   

Total other items

  $ 6,473.1   $ 3,901.9  
   
(1)
After-tax amount net of noncontrolling interest.

Gain on Sale of 49.99% Membership Interest in CENG to EDF

On December 17, 2008, we entered into an Investment Agreement with EDF under which EDF would purchase from us a 49.99% membership interest in CENG for $4.5 billion (subject to certain adjustments).

        In October 2009, the Maryland PSC issued an order approving the sale of a 49.99% membership interest in CENG to EDF subject to the following conditions:

  • Constellation Energy funded a one-time $100 per customer distribution rate credit for BGE residential customers totaling $112.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2009. Constellation made a $66 million equity contribution to BGE in December 2009 to fund the after-tax amount of the rate credit as ordered by the Maryland PSC.
    Constellation Energy was required to make a $250 million cash capital contribution to BGE by no later than June 30, 2010. Constellation Energy made this contribution in December 2009.
    BGE will not pay common dividends to Constellation Energy if (a) after the dividend payment, BGE's equity ratio would be below 48% as calculated pursuant to the Maryland PSC's ratemaking precedents or (b) BGE's senior unsecured credit rating is rated by two of the three major credit rating agencies below investment grade.
    BGE was authorized to file an electric distribution rate case at any time beginning in January 2010 and was ordered not to file a subsequent electric distribution rate case until January 2011. Any rate increase in the first electric distribution rate case was capped at 5% as agreed to by Constellation Energy in its 2008 settlement with the State of Maryland and the Maryland PSC. The timing of any gas distribution rate filing was to occur no earlier than the electric rate case.
    Constellation Energy was limited to allocating no more than 31% of its holding company costs to BGE until the Maryland PSC reviews such cost allocations in the context of BGE's next rate case.
    Constellation Energy and BGE implemented "ring fencing" measures in February 2010 designed to provide bankruptcy protection and credit rating separation of BGE from Constellation Energy. Such measures include the formation of a new special purpose subsidiary by Constellation Energy (RF HoldCo) to hold all of the common equity interests in BGE.

        With the receipt of the Maryland PSC's order, Constellation Energy and EDF closed the transaction on November 6, 2009. Upon closing of the transaction, we sold a 49.99% membership interest in CENG to EDF for total consideration of approximately $4.7 billion (includes $3.5 billion in cash at close, the non-cash redemption of the $1.0 billion Series B Preferred Stock held by EDF, and certain expense reimbursements). As a result, we retained a 50.01% economic interest in CENG, but we and EDF have equal voting rights over the activities of CENG. Accordingly, we deconsolidated CENG in the fourth quarter of 2009.

        We recorded this transaction as follows:

  • We received cash consideration of approximately $3.5 billion, plus certain adjustments, and redeemed the $1.0 billion Series B Preferred Stock held by EDF as additional purchase price resulting in net proceeds of approximately $4.7 billion.
    We removed the individual assets and liabilities of CENG from our balance sheet with a net asset value of approximately $2.4 billion.
    We recorded our retained investment in CENG at estimated fair value of approximately $5.1 billion.
    We recognized a pre-tax gain on sale of approximately $7.4 billion, calculated as follows:

 
  (In billions)
 
   

Fair value of the consideration received from EDF

  $ 4.7  

Estimated fair value of our retained interest in CENG

    5.1  

Carrying amount of CENG's assets and liabilities prior to deconsolidation

    (2.4 )
   

Pre-tax gain

  $ 7.4  
   

        On November 6, 2009, we began to account for our retained investment in CENG using the equity method and report our share of its earnings in our Generation business segment. As a result, we no longer record the individual income statement line items, but instead record our share of the investment's earnings in a single line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

        We estimated the fair value of CENG for purposes of recording our retained interest upon closing of the sale. Our estimate considered the replacement cost, discounted future cash flows, and comparable market transactions valuation approaches. After correlating the valuations under these three approaches, the ultimate fair value estimate reflects the discounted future expected cash flows of the business using various inputs that we believe are reflective of a market participant's perspective. The most significant inputs include our expectations of nuclear plant performance, future power prices, nuclear fuel and operating costs, forecasted capital expenditures, existing power sales commitments, and a discounting factor reflective of an investor's required risk-adjusted return.

        The fair value of our investment in CENG exceeded our share of CENG's equity because CENG's assets and liabilities retained their historical carrying value. This basis difference totaled approximately $3.9 billion, and we assigned it to the noncurrent assets of CENG based on fair value. We will amortize this difference as a reduction in our equity investment earnings in CENG as follows:

Difference
  Amortization Period
 

Property, plant and equipment

  Depreciable life

Power purchase agreements and revenue sharing agreements

  Term of the agreement
 

Land and intangibles with indefinite lives

  Upon sale by CENG
 

        For the period November 6, 2009 through December 31, 2009, we recorded $29.6 million of basis difference amortization as a reduction to our equity investment earnings in CENG. We discuss the components of our equity investment earnings in Note 4.

        Also, if we were to sell an additional portion of our investment, we would recognize a proportionate amount of the basis difference.

Divestitures

In 2009, we completed many of the strategic initiatives we identified in 2008 to improve liquidity and reduce our business risk.

        The transactions to sell a majority of our international commodities, our Houston-based gas trading and other operations were structured in two parts:

  • the assignment and transfer of a majority of the portfolio, and
    the execution of a Total Return Swap (TRS) mechanism for the remainder of the portfolio.

        Under the TRS, we entered into offsetting trades with the buyers that matched the terms of the remaining third party contracts for which we were unable to complete assignment to the buyers as of the transaction dates. This structure transferred the risks associated with changes in commodity prices as of the transaction dates to the buyers in all instances. However, the trades under the TRS are newly executed transactions, and we remain the principal under both the unassigned third party trades and the matching trades with the buyers under the TRS with no right of either financial or legal offset. We continue to pursue the assignment of these remaining contracts to the buyers.

        The matching contracts under the TRS include both derivatives and non-derivatives and were executed at prices that differed from market prices at closing, which resulted in a net cash payment to/from the buyers. We recorded the underlying contracts at fair value on a gross basis as assets or liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets depending on whether the contract prices were above- or below-market prices at closing. As a result, the derivative contracts have been included in "Derivative Assets and Liabilities" and the nonderivative contracts have been included in "Unamortized Energy Contract Assets and Liabilities." The derivative contracts are subject to mark-to-market accounting until they are realized or assigned. The nonderivative contracts will be amortized into earnings as the underlying contracts are realized, or sooner if those contracts are assigned.

        We record the cash proceeds we pay or receive at the inception of energy purchase and sale contracts based upon whether the contracts are in-the-money or out-of-the-money as follows:

 

In-the-money contracts—proceeds paid

  Investing Outflow

Out-of-the-money contracts—proceeds received

  Financing Inflow
 

        After inception, we record the cash flows from all energy purchase and sale contracts as operating activities, except for out-of-the-money derivative contracts that were liabilities at inception. We record the ongoing cash flows from these out-of-the-money derivative contracts as financing activities, regardless of whether they are purchase or sale contracts.

International Commodities Operation

In January 2009, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell a majority of our international commodities operation. We completed this transaction on March 23, 2009 and recognized the following impacts during 2009:

  • a pre-tax loss of approximately $334.5 million representing net consideration paid to the buyer, the book value of net assets sold, and transaction costs,
    a reclassification of $165.7 million in losses on previously designated cash-flow hedge contracts, for which the forecasted transactions are now deemed probable of not occurring, from "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss" to "Nonregulated revenues" in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss),
    workforce reduction costs of $10.9 million, recorded as part of "Workforce reduction costs" in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), and
    other costs of $17.6 million related to leasehold improvements, furniture and computer hardware and software, recorded as part of "Impairment losses and other costs" in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

        We removed the contracts that were assigned from our balance sheet, paid the buyer approximately $90 million, and reflected the impact of this payment on our working capital in the operating activities section of our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

        The net cash payment to the buyer upon completion of the TRS was $2.5 million. As part of the consideration, we acquired matching nonderivative contracts that resulted in a net liability of approximately $75 million, which will be amortized into earnings as the underlying contracts are realized, or sooner if the original nonderivative contracts are assigned.

        We have reflected the contracts under the TRS on a gross basis in cash flows from investing and financing activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 2009
   
 
   
 
  (In millions)
 

Investing activities—Contract and portfolio acquisitions

  $ (866.3 )

Financing activities—Proceeds from contract and portfolio acquisitions

    863.8  
   

Net cash flows from contract and portfolio acquisitions

  $ (2.5 )
   

        In addition to the March 23, 2009 transaction for a majority of our international commodities operation, on June 30, 2009 we completed the sale of a uranium market participant that we owned. We received cash proceeds of approximately $43 million and recorded a $27.2 million loss on this sale. This loss from our NewEnergy business segment is included in the "Net (loss) gain on divestitures" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Houston-Based Gas and Other Trading Operations

On February 3, 2009, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Houston-based gas trading operation. We transferred control of this operation on April 1, 2009. In addition, in the second quarter of 2009 we also sold certain other trading operations. In total, we received proceeds of approximately $61 million, and recorded a $102.5 million net loss on these sales in 2009. The net loss on sale primarily relates to nonderivative accrual contracts, which were not recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, the cost associated with disposing of an entire portfolio and not merely individual contracts, and the cost of capital, including contingent capital, to support the operation.

        The matching derivative and nonderivative transactions under the TRS discussed above were executed at prices that differed from market prices at closing. As a result, we record the ongoing cash flows related to the out-of-the-money derivative contracts that were liabilities at inception as financing cash flows. This resulted in cash outflows related to financing activities of $858.5 million in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2009 associated with derivative liabilities that were out-of-the-money.

        The net cash receipt from the buyers upon completion of the TRS was $91.9 million in the second quarter of 2009. We have reflected these contracts on a gross basis in cash flows from investing and financing activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 2009
   
 
   
 
  (In millions)
 

Investing activities—Contract and portfolio acquisitions

  $ (1,287.4 )

Financing activities—Proceeds from contract and portfolio acquisitions

    1,379.3  
   

Net cash flows from contract and portfolio acquisitions

  $ 91.9  
   

        In addition, we incurred other costs of $7.0 million for 2009 related to leasehold improvements, furniture, computer hardware and software costs, which are recorded as part of "Impairment losses and other costs" on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

        On April 1, 2009, we executed an agreement with the buyer of our Houston-based gas trading operation under which the buyer will provide us with the gas supply needed to support our NewEnergy retail gas customer supply activities through March 31, 2011. This agreement was structured such that our requirements to post collateral are reduced. The supplier has liens on the assets of the retail gas supply business as well as our investment in the stock of these entities to secure our obligations under the gas supply agreement. In connection with this agreement, we posted approximately $160 million of collateral. This was subsequently reduced to $100 million. The initial $160 million posted represented approximately 25 percent of the previous collateral requirements to support this operation.

Shipping Joint Venture

We completed the sale of our equity investment in a shipping joint venture during the third quarter of 2009. No gain or loss was recognized on the sale. We discuss the sale of the shipping joint venture below.

Other Nonregulated Divestiture

During the fourth quarter of 2009, one of our nonregulated subsidiaries sold an energy project and recorded a net loss of $4.6 million.

Impairment Losses and Other Costs

We discuss our evaluation of assets for impairment and other than temporary declines in value in Note 1. We perform impairment evaluations for our long-lived assets, equity method investments, and goodwill when triggering events occur that indicate the potential for an impairment exists.

Available for Sale Securities

We evaluated certain of our investments in equity securities during 2009. The investments we evaluated included our nuclear decommissioning trust fund assets (through November 6, 2009) and other marketable securities. We record an impairment charge if an investment has experienced a decline in fair value to a level less than our carrying value and the decline is "other than temporary."

        In making this determination, we evaluate the reasons for an investment's decline in value, the extent and duration of that decline, and factors that indicate whether and when the value will recover. For securities held in our nuclear decommissioning trust fund for which the market value is below book value, the decline in fair value is considered other than temporary and we write them down to fair value. We discuss our impairment policy in more detail in Note 1.

        The fair values of certain of the securities held in our nuclear decommissioning trust fund held through November 6, 2009 and other marketable securities declined below book value. As a result, we recorded a $62.6 million pre-tax impairment charge for the year ended December 31, 2009 for our nuclear decommissioning trust fund assets in the "Other income (expense)" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). We also recorded an impairment charge of $0.5 million for other marketable securities not included in our nuclear decommissioning trust funds for the year ended December 31, 2009.

        The estimates we utilize in evaluating impairment of our available for sale securities require judgment and the evaluation of economic and other factors that are subject to variation, and the impact of such variations could be material.

Equity Method Investments

Shipping Joint Venture

We record an impairment if an equity method investment has experienced a decline in fair value to a level less than our carrying value and the decline is other than temporary. During the quarter ended June 30, 2009, we contemplated several potential courses of action together with our partner relating to the strategic direction of our shipping joint venture and our continuing involvement. This led to a decision to explore a plan to sell our 50% interest to a party related to our joint venture partner for negligible proceeds. We completed the sale of this investment in the third quarter of 2009. We have no further involvement in the activities of the joint venture.

        As a result of the events that occurred during the second quarter of 2009, we concluded that the fair value of our investment had declined to a level below the carrying value at June 30, 2009 and that this decline was other than temporary. As such, we recorded a pre-tax impairment charge of $59.0 million associated with our equity investment in our shipping joint venture within the "Impairment losses and other costs" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), and reported the charge in our NewEnergy business segment results for 2009.

Constellation Energy Partners LLC

As of March 31, 2009, the fair value of our investment in Constellation Energy Partners LLC (CEP) based upon its closing unit price was $10.0 million, which was lower than its carrying value of $24.0 million.

        The decline in fair value of our investment in CEP at that time reflected a number of factors, primarily including difficulties in the financial and credit markets and the decreases in the market price of natural gas and oil.

        As a result of evaluating these factors, we determined that the decline in the value of our investment is other than temporary. Therefore, we recorded a $14.0 million pre-tax impairment charge at March 31, 2009 to write-down our investment to fair value. We recorded this charge in "Impairment losses and other costs" in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). We did not record an impairment charge for the remainder of 2009.

District Chilled Water

During 2009, BGE entered into an agreement to sell its interest in a nonregulated subsidiary that owns a district chilled water facility to a third party. We completed this sale in January 2010. We have no further involvement in the activities of this entity.

        As a result of these events, we concluded that the fair value of our investment in this subsidiary had declined to a level below carrying value at December 31, 2009 and that this decline was other than temporary. As such, we recorded a pre-tax impairment charge of $12.0 million, net of the noncontrolling interest impact of $8.0 million. The gross impairment charge of $20.0 million is recorded within the "Impairment losses and other costs" line in both our and BGE's Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The noncontrolling interest portion of $8.0 million is recorded within the "Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests and BGE Preference Stock Dividends" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and within the "Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests" line in BGE's Consolidated Statements of Income.

Other Costs

During 2009, we recorded $31.2 million pre-tax charges in the "Impairment losses and other costs" line in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) primarily related to:

  • divested operations—long-lived assets no longer used and lease terminations, and
    the write-off of an uncollectible advance to an affiliate.

Loss on Redemption of Zero Coupon Senior Notes

In November 2009, we redeemed the Zero Coupon Senior Notes early and recognized a pre-tax loss on redemption of $16.0 million within "Interest Expense" on our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Merger Termination and Strategic Alternatives Costs

We incurred additional costs during 2009 related to the terminated merger agreement with MidAmerican, the transactions related to EDF, and other strategic alternatives costs. These costs totaled $145.8 million pre-tax for the year ended December 31, 2009, and primarily relate to fees incurred to complete the transactions with EDF and the first quarter of 2009 write-off of the unamortized debt discount associated with the 14% Senior Notes (Senior Notes) that were repaid in full to MidAmerican in January 2009. Upon the closing of the transaction with EDF on November 6, 2009, certain of the costs incurred in 2008 and 2009 became tax deductible. We reflected this impact in 2009.

Workforce Reduction Costs

We incurred workforce reduction costs during the fourth quarter of 2008, primarily related to workforce reduction efforts across all of our operations (Q4 2008 Program), and during the first quarter of 2009, primarily related to the divestiture of a majority of our international commodities operation as well as some smaller restructurings elsewhere in our organization (Q1 2009 Program). For the Q1 2009 Program, we recognized a $12.6 million pre-tax charge during 2009 related to the elimination of approximately 180 positions. We substantially completed these workforce reductions during 2010.

        The following table summarizes the status of the involuntary severance liabilities at December 31, 2009:

 
  Q1 2009
Program

  Q4 2008
Program

 
   
 
  (In millions)
 

Initial severance liability balance

  $ 10.8   $ 19.7  

Additional expenses recorded in 2009

    1.8      

Amounts recorded as pension and postretirement liabilities

        (3.0 )
   

Net cash severance liability

    12.6     16.7  

Cash severance payments

    (12.0 )   (15.8 )
   

Severance liability balance at December 31, 2009

  $ 0.6   $ 0.9