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Note 12 - Employee Equity Incentive Plans
9 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]
12.
Employee Equity Incentive Plans
 
Stock Purchase and Stock Option Plans
 
Equity Incentive Plans
 
On
September
10,
2009,
our stockholders approved the
2009
Equity Incentive Plan, or the
2009
Plan, under which
900,000
shares of our common stock were reserved for the grant of stock options and other equity incentives. On
September
16,
2011,
our stockholders approved the
2011
Equity Incentive Plan, or the
2011
Plan, under which
600,000
shares of our common stock were reserved for the grant of stock options and other equity incentives. On
August
30,
2013,
our stockholders approved the
2013
Equity Incentive Plan, or the
2013
Plan, under which
2,000,000
shares of our common stock were reserved for the grant of stock options and other equity incentives. On
August
26,
2016,
our stockholders approved the
2016
Equity Incentive Plan, or the
2016
Plan, under which
2,000,000
shares of the common stock were reserved for the grant of stock options and other equity incentives. The
2009
Plan, the
2011
Plan, the
2013
Plan and the
2016
Plan are referred to as the Plans.
 
Stock Options
 
Under the Plans, nonqualified and incentive stock options
may
be granted to employees, consultants and non-employee directors. Generally, the per share exercise price shall not be less than
100%
of the fair market value of a share on the grant date. The Board of Directors has the full power to determine the provisions of each option issued under the Plans. While we
may
grant options that become exercisable at different times or within different periods, we have primarily granted options that vest over
four
years. The options, once granted, expire
ten
years from the date of grant.
 
Stock Awards
 
Stock awards, denominated restricted stock under the
2009
Plan and the
2011
Plan,
may
be granted to any employee, director or consultant under the Plans. Pursuant to a stock award, we will issue shares of common stock. Shares that are subject to the restriction will be released from restriction if certain requirements, including continued performance of services, are met.
 
Stock Appreciation Rights
 
Awards of stock appreciation rights, or SARs,
may
be granted to employees, consultants and non-employee directors pursuant to the Plans. A SAR is payable on the difference between the market price at the time of exercise and the exercise price at the date of grant. In any event, the exercise price of a SAR shall not be less than
100%
of the fair market value of a share on the grant date and shall expire no later than
ten
years from the grant date. Upon exercise, the holder of a SAR shall be entitled to receive payment either in cash or a number of shares by dividing such cash amount by the fair market value of a share on the exercise date.
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
Restricted stock units, denominated performance units in the
2009
Plan,
may
be granted to employees, consultants and non-employee directors under the Plan. Each restricted stock unit shall have a value equal to the fair market value of
one
share. After the applicable performance period has ended, the holder will be entitled to receive a payment, either in cash or in the form of shares, based on the number of restricted stock units earned over the performance period, to be determined as a function of the extent to which the corresponding performance goals or other vesting provisions have been achieved.
 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
 
The Board of Directors has approved the Amended and Restated
1999
Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or the Purchase Plan, and reserved a total of
1,550,000
shares of common stock for issuance under the Purchase Plan. Under the Purchase Plan, all eligible employees
may
purchase our common stock at a price equal to
85%
of the lower of the fair market value at the beginning of the offer period or the semi-annual purchase date. Stock purchases are limited to
15%
of an employee’s eligible compensation. During the
nine
months ended
December
31,
2016,
there were
112,171
shares purchased under the Purchase Plan, leaving approximately
128,070
shares available for purchase under the Purchase Plan in the future.
 
Stock-Based Compensation
 
The following table summarizes the effects of stock-based compensation charges (in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
December 31,
 
 
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
 
Statement of Operations Classifications
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
 
 
(unaudited)
 
 
(unaudited)
 
Cost of goods sold
  $
80
    $
125
    $
276
    $
371
 
Research, development and engineering (1)
   
254
     
242
     
840
     
1,032
 
Selling, general and administrative
   
488
     
471
     
1,435
     
1,374
 
Stock-based compensation effect in income before income tax provision
   
822
     
838
     
2,551
     
2,777
 
Provision for income tax (2)
   
329
     
293
     
1,021
     
972
 
Net stock-based compensation effects in net income
  $
493
    $
545
    $
1,530
    $
1,805
 
(1)
Includes acquisition related compensation expenses of
$249,000
during the
nine
months ended
December
31,
2015.
(2)
Calculated at the U.S. statutory income tax rate of
40%
in fiscal
2017
and
35%
in fiscal
2016.
 
During the
nine
months ended
December
31,
2016,
the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations and cash flows do not reflect any tax benefit for the tax deduction from option exercises and other awards. As of
December
31,
2016,
approximately
$7.4
million in stock-based compensation is to be recognized for unvested stock options granted under our equity incentive plans. The unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
2.8
years.
 
The Black-Scholes option pricing model is used to estimate the fair value of options granted under our equity incentive plans and rights to acquire stock granted under our stock purchase plan. The weighted average estimated fair values of employee stock option grants and rights granted under the Purchase Plan, as well as the weighted average assumptions that were used in calculating such values during the
three
and
nine
months ended
December
31,
2016
and
2015,
were based on estimates at the date of grant as follows:
 
 
 
Stock Options (1)
 
 
Purchase Plan (2)
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
December 31,
 
 
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
 
 
Three Months Ended
December 31,
 
 
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
 
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
 
2016
 
 
2015
 
 
 
(unaudited)
 
 
(unaudited)
 
 
(unaudited)
 
 
(unaudited)
 
Weighted average estimated fair
value of grant per share
  $
4.45
     
na
    $
4.42
    $
4.83
    $
2.63
    $
3.54
    $
3.28
    $
3.33
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
1.7
%    
na
     
1.5
%    
1.8
%    
0.5
%    
0.1
%    
0.4
%    
0.1
%
Expected term in years
   
6.41
     
na
     
6.41
     
6.45
     
0.50
     
0.50
     
0.50
     
0.50
 
Volatility
   
39.8
%    
na
     
40.7
%    
44.9
%    
32.3
%    
48.2
%    
37.5
%    
39.8
%
Dividend yield (3)
   
-
     
na
     
0.4
%    
1.2
%    
0.0
%    
1.2
%    
0.7
%    
1.1
%
(1)
No stock options were granted during the quarter ended
December
31,
2015.
(2)
Under the stock purchase plan, rights to purchase shares are only granted during the
first
and
third
quarters of each fiscal year.
(3)
No dividends were declared for the quarters ended
September
30,
2016
and
December
31,
2016.
 
Activity with respect to outstanding stock options for the
nine
months ended
December
31,
2016
was as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of
 
 
Exercise Price
 
 
Intrinsic
 
 
 
Shares
 
 
Per Share
 
 
Value (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(unaudited)
 
 
(000)
 
Balance at March 31, 2016
   
5,234,397
    $
10.40
     
 
 
Options granted
   
704,000
    $
10.95
     
 
 
Options exercised
   
(110,097
)   $
8.00
    $
384
 
Options cancelled
   
(7,500
)   $
13.37
     
 
 
Options expired
   
(27,500
)   $
11.81
     
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2016
   
5,793,300
    $
10.50
     
 
 
                         
Exercisable at December 31, 2016
   
3,924,050
    $
10.11
     
 
 
Exercisable at March 31, 2016
   
3,619,563
    $
9.93
     
 
 
(1)
Represents the difference between the exercise price and the value of our common stock at the time of exercise.