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Fair Value Measurements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Fair Value Measurements:  
Fair Value Measurements

 

10.  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

 

 

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. In accordance with the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures topic of FASB ASC 820, the fair value of a financial instrument is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Bank's various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument.

 

The fair value guidance provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions. In accordance with this guidance, the Company groups its assets and liabilities carried at fair value in three levels as follows:

 

Level 1

o

Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

 

 

Level 2 Inputs

o

Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets.

o

Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

o

Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for the term of the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds or volatilities) or “market corroborated inputs.”

 

 

Level 3 Inputs

o

Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable (i.e. supported by little or no market activity) and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

o

These assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

 

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

 

Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

 

Securities Available for Sale:  Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities would be classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government bonds. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flow. Level 2 securities include U.S. agency securities and mortgage backed agency securities, obligations of states and political subdivisions and certain corporate, asset backed and other securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.

 

Assets on the consolidated balance sheets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.

 

(in 000’s)

 

Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:

 

Assets/Liabilities Measured at Fair Value at December 31, 2011

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Investment securities

available-for-sale:

 

Government Sponsored

 Enterprises residential

mortgage-backed securities

 

Money Market Funds

 

     Total

 

 

 

 

$1,152

 

 

129

$1,281

 

 

 

 

 

$-

 

 

129

$129

 

 

 

 

$1,152

 

 

-

$1,152

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

   

(in 000’s)

 

Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:

 

Assets/Liabilities Measured at Fair Value at December 31, 2010

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Investment securities 

available-for-sale:

 

Government Sponsored

Enterprises residential

 mortgage-backed securities

 

Money Market Funds

 

     Total

 

 

 

 

$1,210

 

 

129

$1,339

 

 

 

 

 

$-

 

 

129

$129

 

 

 

 

$1,210

 

 

-

$1,210

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the fair value of the Bank’s AFS securities portfolio was approximately $1,281,000 and $1,339,000, respectively.  More than 90% of the portfolio consisted of residential mortgage-backed securities, which had a fair value of approximately $1,152,000 and $1,210,000 at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  All the residential mortgage-backed securities were issued or guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”).  The underlying loans for these securities are residential mortgages that are geographically dispersed throughout the United States.  The valuation of AFS securities using Level 2 inputs was primarily determined using the market approach, which uses quoted prices for similar instruments and all relevant information.  There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 assets during the period ended December 31, 2011 or 2010.

 

Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

 

Certain assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).

 

Impaired Loans (net of specific reserves):  The carrying value of impaired loans is derived in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 310, “Receivables”.  Fair value is determined based on the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.  Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation. The valuation allowance for impaired loans is included in the allowance for loan losses in the balance sheets.  The valuation allowance for impaired loans at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 was approximately $308,000 and $238,000, respectively.

 

The following table presents the assets carried on the consolidated balance sheets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2011, for which a nonrecurring change in fair value has been recorded during the year ended December 31, 2011.

 

Carrying Value at December 31, 2011:

(in 000’s)

 

 

 

Total

Quoted Prices in Active markets for Identical Assets

(Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs

(Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs

(Level 3)

Total fair value gain (loss) during the year ended

December 31, 2011

Impaired Loans

 

$206

-

-

$206

$(308)

Other real estate owned (“OREO”)

 

1,284

-

-

1,284

-

 

 

 

The following table presents the assets and liabilities carried on the consolidated balance sheets by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2010, for which a nonrecurring change in fair value has been recorded during the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

Carrying Value at December 31, 2010:

(in 000’s)

 

 

 

Total

Quoted Prices in Active markets for Identical Assets

(Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs

(Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs

(Level 3)

Total fair value gain (loss) during the year ended

December 31, 2010

Impaired Loans

 

$679

 

-

-

$679

 

$(238)

 

Other real estate owned (“OREO”)

 

1,417

-

-

1,417

-

 

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

FASB ASC Topic 825 “Disclosure About Fair Value of Financial Instruments”, requires the disclosure of the fair value of financial instruments.  The methodology for estimating the fair value of financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring or non recurring basis are discussed above.

 

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Bank in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

 

Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximate those assets’ fair values.

 

Investment securities: Fair values for investment securities available for sale are as described above.  Investment securities held to maturity are based on quoted market prices, where available.  If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments.  The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates fair market value.

 

Loans (other than impaired loans): The fair value of loans was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis, which considered estimated pre­payments, amortizations, and non performance risk.  Prepayments and discount rates were based on current marketplace estimates and rates.  Residential mortgage loans were discounted at the current effective yield, including fees, of conventional loans, adjusted for their maturities with a spread to the Treasury yield curve.  The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates fair market value.

 

Deposit liabilities: The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest and noninterest checking, passbook savings, and certain types of money market accounts) are equal to the amounts payable on demand at the reporting date (e.g., their carrying amounts).  The carrying amounts for variable-rate, fixed-term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate the fair values at the reporting date.  Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation.  The Treasury Yield Curve was utilized for discounting cash flows as it approximates the average marketplace certificate of deposit rates across the relevant maturity spectrum. The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates fair market value.

 

Commitments to extend credit: The carrying amounts for commitments to extend credit approximate fair value as such commitments are not substantially different from the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparts.  Such amounts were not significant.

 

The fair value of financial instruments at year-end are presented below:

 

 

(in 000’s)

 

 

2011

 

 

 

 

 

2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

Carrying

 

 

Fair

 

 

Carrying

 

 

Fair

 

Assets:

 

Amount

 

 

Value

 

 

Amount

 

 

Value

 

  Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

14,497

 

 

$

14,497

 

 

$

8,696

 

 

$

8,696

 

  Investment securities

 

 

18,490

 

 

 

19,019

 

 

 

16,477

 

 

 

16,582

 

  Loans, net of allowance for loan losses

 

 

40,635

 

 

 

40,552

 

 

 

44,686

 

 

 

44,698

 

  Interest receivable

 

 

342

 

 

 

342

 

 

 

363

 

 

 

363

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Demand deposits

 

 

31,260

 

 

 

31,260

 

 

 

27,331

 

 

 

27,331

 

  Savings deposits

 

 

14,689

 

 

 

14,689

 

 

 

13,856

 

 

 

13,856

 

  Time deposits

 

 

25,352

 

 

 

25,401

 

 

 

26,023

 

 

 

26,023

 

  Interest Payable

 

 

397

 

 

 

397

 

 

 

57

 

 

 

57