Allowance for Credit Losses

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

(5) Allowance for Credit Losses

As previously mentioned in Note 2 Significant Accounting Policies, the Company’s January 1, 2023, adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” resulted in a significant change to our methodology for estimating the ACL since December 31, 2022. As a result of this adoption, the Company recorded a $5,193 increase to the ACL as a cumulative-effect adjustment on January 1, 2023.

The following table presents, by portfolio segment, the changes in the ACL for the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Allowance for credit losses:


For the three months ended September 30, 2023	Beginning balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision			Ending Balance
Commercial & Agriculture	$	5,540	$	(614	)	$	84	$	146		$	5,156
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		5,531		—			—		(50	)		5,481
Non-Owner Occupied		11,646		—			9		(100	)		11,555
Residential Real Estate		6,515		(1	)		64		253			6,831
Real Estate Construction		3,447		—			4		288			3,739
Farm Real Estate		243		—			—		(16	)		227
Lease Financing Receivables		1,947		—			—		(115	)		1,832
Consumer and Other		272		(51	)		6		21			248
Unallocated		8		—			—		203			211
Total	$	35,149	$	(666	)	$	167	$	630		$	35,280

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company provided $630 to the allowance for credit losses, as compared to a provision of $300 for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in the reserves was principally related to loan growth during the quarter.

Allowance for credit losses:


For the three months ended September 30, 2022	Beginning balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision			Ending Balance
Commercial & Agriculture	$	2,790	$	(22	)	$	12	$	(51	)	$	2,729
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		4,729		—			15		182			4,926
Non-Owner Occupied		14,711		—			16		(300	)		14,427
Residential Real Estate		2,859		(39	)		64		152			3,036
Real Estate Construction		1,969		—			—		44			2,013
Farm Real Estate		236		—			1		14			251
Consumer and Other		130		(13	)		4		21			142
Unallocated		11		—			—		238			249
Total	$	27,435	$	(74	)	$	112	$	300		$	27,773

For the three months ended September 30, 2022, the Company provided $300 to the allowance for credit losses. The provision in the third quarter of 2022 reflected the Company’s strong loan growth during the quarter. Our credit quality metrics remained stable despite the ongoing headwinds of the challenging international, national, regional and local economic conditions. While COVID-19 vaccinations and improved treatments had created a level of optimism, there remained caution due to the lingering concerns over potential infection spikes. We remained cautious given the level of classified loans in the portfolio, particularly loans to borrowers in the hotel industry as well as the challenges businesses face in today’s environment. As of September 30, 2022 economic impacts related to the COVID-19 pandemic had improved somewhat, but continued concerns lingered due to the disruption of supply chains, additional employee costs, higher challenges throughout our footprint, rising inflationary pressures and the prospects of recession.

During the three months ended September 30, 2022, the allowance for Commercial & Agriculture loans decreased due to a decrease in general reserves required for this type as a result of a decrease in Commercial & Agriculture loan balances during the quarter. The result was represented as a decrease in the provision. The allowance for Commercial Real Estate – Owner Occupied loans increased due to an increase in general reserves required for this type as a result of increased loan balances. The result was represented as an increase in the provision. The allowance for Commercial Real Estate – Non-Owner Occupied loans decreased due to a decrease in risk rated loans and lower loss rates, offset by an increase in general reserves required as a result of an increase in loan balances. This was represented as a decrease in the provision. The allowance for Residential Real Estate loans increased due to an increase in general reserves required for this type as a result of increased loan balances. The result was represented by an increase in the provision. The allowance for Real Estate Construction loans increased due to an increase in loan balances. This was represented as an increase in the provision. Management feels that the unallocated amount is appropriate and within the relevant range for the allowance that is reflective of the risk in the portfolio at September 30, 2022.

Allowance for credit losses:


For the nine months ended September 30, 2023	Beginning balance		CECL Adoption Day 1 Impact			Impact of Adopting ASC 326 - PCD Loans 1		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision			Ending Balance
Commercial & Agriculture	$	3,011	$	429		$	—	$	(754	)	$	131	$	2,339		$	5,156
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		4,565		1,075			19		—			—		(178	)		5,481
Non-Owner Occupied		14,138		(2,847	)		—		—			25		239			11,555
Residential Real Estate		3,145		2,762			166		(12	)		118		652			6,831
Real Estate Construction		2,293		1,502			—		—			13		(69	)		3,739
Farm Real Estate		291		(28	)		—		—			—		(36	)		227
Lease Financing Receivables		429		1,743			635		—			—		(975	)		1,832
Consumer and Other		98		201			77		(89	)		33		(72	)		248
Unallocated		541		(541	)		—		—			—		211			211
Total	$	28,511	$	4,296		$	897	$	(855	)	$	320	$	2,111		$	35,280

1 Day 1 impact of $1,668, of adopting ASC 326-PCD loans was netted by changes in estimates of $771.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company provided $2,111 to the allowance for credit losses, as compared to a provision of $1,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Upon adoption of CECL on January 1, 2023, we recorded an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $5,193 in the first quarter of 2023. The increase in the reserves was principally related to loan growth during the quarter.

Allowance for credit losses:


For the nine months ended September 30, 2022	Beginning balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provision			Ending Balance
Commercial & Agriculture	$	2,600	$	(22	)	$	16	$	135		$	2,729
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		4,464		—			42		420			4,926
Non-Owner Occupied		13,860		—			68		499			14,427
Residential Real Estate		2,597		(97	)		140		396			3,036
Real Estate Construction		1,810		—			—		203			2,013
Farm Real Estate		287		—			5		(41	)		251
Consumer and Other		176		(45	)		25		(14	)		142
Unallocated		847		—			—		(598	)		249
Total	$	26,641	$	(164	)	$	296	$	1,000		$	27,773

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company provided $1,000 to the allowance for loan losses. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, The increase in provision was due to the strong loan growth during the first nine months of 2022. In addition,

the challenges of the international, national, regional,and local economic conditions, particularly inflation, have taken greater focus from the prior economic shutdown and restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these concerns our portfolio quality has remained stable overall with decreases in criticized loans. We continue to be optimistic that asset quality will continue to remain strong despite ongoing headwinds. While we remain cautious given the impact of inflation on all of our borrowers, we are encouraged by strong loan growth. Management felt that the unallocated amount was appropriate and within the relevant range for the allowance that was reflective of the risk in the portfolio at September 30, 2022.

The following tables present, by portfolio segment, the allocation of the allowance for credit losses and related loan balances as of December 31, 2022.


December 31, 2022	Loans acquired with credit deterioration		Loans individually evaluated for impairment		Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Commercial & Agriculture	$	6	$	—	$	3,005	$	3,011
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		3		6		4,556		4,565
Non-Owner Occupied		—		—		14,138		14,138
Residential Real Estate		—		1		3,144		3,145
Real Estate Construction		—		—		2,293		2,293
Farm Real Estate		—		—		291		291
Consumer and Other		—		—		98		98
Lease Financing Receivables		—		—		429		429
Unallocated		—		—		541		541
Total	$	9	$	7	$	28,495	$	28,511
Outstanding loan balances:
Commercial & Agriculture	$	863.00	$	—	$	277,732	$	278,595
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		1,988		232		368,927		371,147
Non-Owner Occupied		119		—		1,018,617		1,018,736
Residential Real Estate		1,414		392		550,975		552,781
Real Estate Construction		—		—		243,127		243,127
Farm Real Estate		—		—		24,708		24,708
Lease Financing Receivables		—		—		36,797		36,797
Consumer and Other		1		—		20,774		20,775
Total	$	4,385	$	624	$	2,541,657	$	2,546,666

The following tables present credit exposures by internally assigned risk grades as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The risk rating analysis estimates the capability of the borrower to repay the contractual obligations of the loan agreements as scheduled or at all. The Company’s internal credit risk grading system is based on experiences with similarly graded loans.

The Company’s internally assigned risk grades are as follows:

•

Pass – loans which are protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the value of the underlying collateral.

•

Special Mention – loans where a potential weakness or risk exists, which could cause a more serious problem if not corrected.

•

Substandard – loans that have a well-defined weakness based on objective evidence and are characterized by the distinct possibility that Civista will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

•

Doubtful – loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in a substandard asset. In addition, these weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, based on existing circumstances.

•

Loss – loans classified as a loss are considered uncollectible, or of such value that continuance as an asset is not warranted.

Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans, by type and year of originations, at September 30, 2023, is as follows:


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
															Revolving
															Loans
													Revolving		Converted
September 30, 2023	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Loans		to Term		Total
Commercial & Agriculture
Pass	$	60,223	$	72,407	$	46,378	$	12,263	$	7,418	$	15,439	$	79,760	$	—	$	293,888
Special Mention		906		—		340		1,797		—		113		176		—		3,332
Substandard		408		—		62		117		283		195		3,592		—		4,657
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial & Agriculture	$	61,537	$	72,407	$	46,780	$	14,177	$	7,701	$	15,747	$	83,528	$	—	$	301,877
Commercial & Agriculture:
Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	673	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	81	$	—	$	—	$	754

Commercial Real Estate - Owner Occupied
Pass	$	28,733	$	81,961	$	67,764	$	57,827	$	30,558	$	96,394	$	6,488	$	—	$	369,725
Special Mention		529		219		745		294		3,098		287		—		—		5,172
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		954		—		—		954
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Real Estate - Owner Occupied	$	29,262	$	82,180	$	68,509	$	58,121	$	33,656	$	97,635	$	6,488	$	—	$	375,851
Commercial Real Estate - Owner Occupied:
Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Commercial Real Estate - Non-Owner Occupied
Pass	$	118,399	$	261,880	$	195,881	$	138,388	$	121,917	$	219,770	$	23,446	$	—	$	1,079,681
Special Mention		—		5,816		6,227		—		-		7,373		277		—		19,693
Substandard		—		—		—		—		129		3,429		—		—		3,558
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Real Estate - Non-Owner Occupied	$	118,399	$	267,696	$	202,108	$	138,388	$	122,046	$	230,572	$	23,723	$	—	$	1,102,932
Commercial Real Estate - Non-Owner Occupied:
Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Residential Real Estate
Pass	$	62,756	$	106,652	$	95,914	$	73,032	$	35,184	$	80,593	$	153,753	$	—	$	607,884
Special Mention		—		-		224		98		—		250		55		—		627
Substandard		—		352		442		85		583		3,049		1,282		—		5,793
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Residential Real Estate	$	62,756	$	107,004	$	96,580	$	73,215	$	35,767	$	83,892	$	155,090	$	—	$	614,304
Residential Real Estate:


Current-period gross charge-offs		$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	12			$	—			$	—			$	12


Real Estate Construction
Pass	$	62,658	$	137,265	$	31,871	$	15,563	$	2,678	$	2,708	$	12,271	$	—	$	265,014
Special Mention		—		1,129		926		2,019		—		—		—		—		4,074
Substandard		—		—		42		—		161		—		—		—		203
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Real Estate Construction	$	62,658	$	138,394	$	32,839	$	17,582	$	2,839	$	2,708	$	12,271	$	—	$	269,291
Real Estate Construction:
Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Farm Real Estate
Pass	$	816	$	987	$	2,309	$	4,552	$	806	$	13,295	$	1,161	$	—	$	23,926
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		183		—		—		183
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Farm Real Estate	$	816	$	987	$	2,309	$	4,552	$	806	$	13,478	$	1,161	$	—	$	24,109
Farm Real Estate:
Current-period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Lease Financing Receivables
Pass	$	21,794	$	14,071	$	6,605	$	3,754	$	1,964	$	18	$	—	$	—	$	48,206
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful		—		—		53		—		—		—		—		—		53
Total Lease Financing Receivables	$	21,794	$	14,071	$	6,658	$	3,754	$	1,964	$	18	$	—	$	—	$	48,259
Lease Financing Receivables:
Current-period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Consumer and Other
Pass	$	5,014	$	4,741	$	4,103	$	1,875	$	639	$	322	$	1,536	$	—	$	18,230
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		14		17		—		6		—		—		37
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer and Other	$	5,014	$	4,741	$	4,117	$	1,892	$	639	$	328	$	1,536	$	—	$	18,267
Consumer and Other:
Current-period charge-offs	$	1	$	27	$	40	$	6	$	10	$	—	$	5	$	—	$	89
Total Loans	$	362,236	$	687,480	$	459,900	$	311,681	$	205,418	$	444,378	$	283,797	$	—	$	2,754,890
Total Loans:
Current-period charge-offs	$	1	$	700	$	40	$	6	$	10	$	93	$	5	$	—	$	855

Prior to the adoption of CECL, Residential Real Estate, Real Estate Construction and Consumer and Other loans are not risk-graded, except when collateral is used for a business purpose. Only those loans that have been risk rated as of December 31, 2022 are included below.


December 31, 2022	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Ending Balance
Commercial & Agriculture	$	273,291	$	2,558	$	2,746	$	—	$	278,595
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		367,652		734		2,761		—		371,147
Non-Owner Occupied		1,003,942		10,947		3,847		—		1,018,736
Residential Real Estate		114,021		183		5,787		—		119,991
Real Estate Construction		198,734		—		221		—		198,955
Farm Real Estate		24,283		379		46		—		24,708
Lease Financing Receivables		36,223		—		401		173		36,797
Consumer and Other		839		—		163		—		1,002
Total	$	2,018,985	$	14,801	$	15,972	$	173	$	2,049,931

The following tables present performing and nonperforming loans based solely on payment activity for the period ended December 31, 2022 that were not assigned an internal risk grade.


December 31, 2022	Residential Real Estate		Real Estate Construction		Consumer and Other		Total
Performing	$	432,790	$	44,172	$	19,773	$	496,735
Nonperforming		—		—		—		—
Total	$	432,790	$	44,172	$	19,773	$	496,735

The following tables include an aging analysis of the recorded investment of past due loans outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.


September 30, 2023	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans		Past Due 90 Days and Accruing
Commercial & Agriculture	$	834	$	1,284	$	1,469	$	3,587	$	298,290	$	301,877	$	—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		87		—		34		121		375,730		375,851		—
Non-Owner Occupied		—		—		—		—		1,102,932		1,102,932		—
Residential Real Estate		731		791		1,812		3,334		610,970		614,304		—
Real Estate Construction		—		—		—		—		269,291		269,291		—
Farm Real Estate		—		—		—		—		24,109		24,109		—
Lease Financing Receivables		237		52		653		942		47,317		48,259		—
Consumer and Other		156		59		9		224		18,043		18,267		—
Total	$	2,045	$	2,186	$	3,977	$	8,208	$	2,746,682	$	2,754,890	$	—


December 31, 2022	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Purchased Credit- Impaired Loans		Total Loans		Past Due 90 Days and Accruing
Commercial & Agriculture	$	247	$	78	$	534	$	859	$	276,873	$	863	$	278,595	$	—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		21		13		76		110		369,049		1,988		371,147		—
Non-Owner Occupied		—		—		1,164		1,164		1,017,453		119		1,018,736		—
Residential Real Estate		3,133		857		1,107		5,097		546,270		1,414		552,781		—
Real Estate Construction		—		—		219		219		242,908		—		243,127		—
Farm Real Estate		7		—		—		7		24,701		—		24,708		—
Lease Financing Receivables		1,040		—		341		1,381		35,416		—		36,797		—
Consumer and Other		293		49		74		416		20,358		1		20,775		—
Total	$	4,741	$	997	$	3,515	$	9,253	$	2,533,028	$	4,385	$	2,546,666	$	—

The following table presents loans on nonaccrual status as of September 30, 2023.


September 30, 2023
	Nonaccrual loans with a related ACL		Nonaccrual loans without a related ACL		Total Nonaccrual loans		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial & Agriculture	$	362	$	1,294	$	1,656	$	—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		—		270		270		3
Non-Owner Occupied		306		899		1,205		—
Residential Real Estate		—		4,391		4,391		13
Real Estate Construction		—		203		203		—
Farm Real Estate		—		—		—		—
Lease Financing Receivables		151		794		945		—
Consumer and Other		—		43		43		—
Total	$	819	$	7,894	$	8,713	$	16

The following table presents loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2022, excluding PCI loans.


	December 31, 2022
Commercial & Agriculture	$	774
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		386
Non-Owner Occupied		1,109
Residential Real Estate		3,926
Real Estate Construction		221
Farm Real Estate		—
Lease Financing Receivables		—
Consumer and Other		91
Total	$	6,507

Nonaccrual Loans: Loans are considered for nonaccrual status upon reaching 90 days delinquency, unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection, although the Company may be receiving partial payments of interest and partial repayments of principal on such loans. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is deducted from interest income. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied to the unpaid principal balance. A loan may be returned to accruing status only if one of two conditions are met: the loan is well-secured and none of the principal and interest has been past due for a minimum of 90 days or the principal and interest payments are reasonably assured and a sustained period of performance has occurred, generally six months.

Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty: From time to time, the Company may modify certain loans to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. In some cases, these modifications result in new loans. Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty may be in the form of principal forgiveness, interest rate reduction, term extension, other-than-significant payment delay or a combination thereof, among other things. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

Individually Evaluated Loans: Larger (greater than $350) Commercial & Agricultural and Commercial Real Estate loan relationships, and Residential Real Estate and Consumer loans that are part of a larger relationship are tested for impairment on a quarterly basis. These loans are analyzed to determine if it is probable that all amounts will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. If management determines that the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance. The Company’s policy for recognizing interest income on impaired loans does not differ from its overall policy for interest recognition.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related allowance for credit losses allocated to these loans.


September 30, 2023	Real Estate		Other		Allowance for Credit Losses
Commercial & Agriculture	$	—	$	4,846	$	408
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		—		—		—
Non-Owner Occupied		1,205		—		306
Residential Real Estate		—		—		—
Real Estate Construction		—		—		—
Farm Real Estate		—		—		—
Lease Financing Receivables		—		525		150
Consumer and Other		—		—		—
Total	$	1,205	$	5,371	$	864

Collateral-dependent loans consist primarily of Residential Real Estate, Commercial Real Estate and Commercial and Agricultural loans. These loans are individually evaluated when foreclosure is probable or when the repayment of the loan is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the underlying collateral. In the case of Commercial and Agricultural loans secured by equipment, the fair value of the collateral is estimated by third-party valuation experts. Loan balances are charged down to the underlying collateral value when they are deemed uncollectible. Note that the Company did not elect to use the collateral maintenance agreement practical expedient available under CECL.

The following table includes the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances for impaired loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of December 31, 2022, excluding PCI loans.


	December 31, 2022
	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial & Agriculture	$	—	$	—			$	86	$	3
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		82		82				192		22
Non-Owner Occupied		—		—				35		1
Residential Real Estate		385		410				595		33
Farm Real Estate		—		—				381		14
Total		467		492				1,289		73
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial & Agriculture		—		—	$	—		—		—
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		150		150		6		214		—
Residential Real Estate		7		11		1		19		—
Lease Financing Receivables		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer and Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total		157		161		7		233		—
Total:
Commercial & Agriculture		—		—		—		86		3
Commercial Real Estate:
Owner Occupied		232		232		6		406		22
Non-Owner Occupied		—		—		—		35		1
Residential Real Estate		392		421		1		614		33
Lease Financing Receivables		—		—		—		381		14
Consumer and Other		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	624	$	653	$	7	$	1,522	$	73

The following tables include the average recorded investment and interest income recognized for impaired financing receivables for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022.


	September 30, 2022
For the three months ended	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial & Agriculture	$	172	$	—
Commercial Real Estate—Owner Occupied		504		3
Commercial Real Estate—Non-Owner Occupied		70		—
Residential Real Estate		503		9
Real Estate Construction		—		—
Farm Real Estate		247		2
Lease Financing Receivables		—		—
Consumer and Other		—		—
Total	$	1,496	$	14


	September 30, 2022
For the nine months ended	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Commercial & Agriculture	$	86	$	—
Commercial Real Estate—Owner Occupied		349		10
Commercial Real Estate—Non-Owner Occupied		35		—
Residential Real Estate		516		19
Real Estate Construction		—		—
Farm Real Estate		381		14
Lease Financing Receivables		—		—
Consumer and Other		—		—
Total	$	1,367	$	43

Changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans as of September 30, 2022 were as follows, since acquisition:


	For the Three-Month Period Ended September 30, 2022
	(In Thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	216
Acquisition of PCI loans		—
Accretion		(7	)
Transfer from non-accretable to accretable		7
Balance at end of period	$	216

The Company has acquired loans, for which there was, at acquisition, evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected. Upon the Company's adoption of ASU 2016-13, remaining credit-related discount on these assets were re-classified to the ACL. The Company elected the prospective transition approach and all loans previously considered PCI are now classified as PCD. The remaining non-credit discount will continue to be accreted into income over the remaining lives of the assets. The following table presents additional information regarding loans acquired and accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 as of December 31, 2022:


	At December 31, 2022
	Acquired Loans with Specific Evidence of Deterioration of Credit Quality (ASC 310-30)
	(In Thousands)
Outstanding balance	$	5,220
Carrying amount		4,386

There was no allowance for loan losses recorded for acquired loans with or without specific evidence of deterioration in credit quality as of December 31, 2022.

Foreclosed Assets Held For Sale

Foreclosed assets acquired in settlement of loans are carried at fair value less estimated costs to sell and are included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 there were no foreclosed assets included in Other assets.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance-Sheet Credit Exposures

The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk from a contractual obligation to extend credit. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance-sheet credit exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense recognized within other non-interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The estimated credit loss includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life. The estimate of expected credit loss is based on the historical loss rate for the loan class in which the loan commitments would be classified as if funded.

The following table lists the allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures as of September 30, 2023:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Beginning of Period	$	3,851		—	—			—
CECL adoption adjustments		—		—		3,386		—
Charge-offs		—		—		—		—
Recoveries		—		—		—		—
Provision		130		—		595		—
End of Period	$	3,981	—		$	3,981		—