Our acquisition strategy focuses on businesses with a leadership team that is committed to best in class culture, extraordinary client service and cross-serving potential. CBIZ has a long history of acquiring businesses that share common cultural values with us and provide value-added services to the small and midsize business market. The valuation of any business is a subjective process and includes industry, geography, profit margins, expected cash flows, client retention, nature of recurring or non-recurring project-based work, growth rate assumptions and competitive market conditions.

◦Effective January 1, 2023, we acquired all of the assets of Danenhauer and Danenhauer, Inc. ("Danenhauer and Danenhauer"). Danenhauer and Danenhauer, based in California, is a provider of forensic accounting, business valuation, expert witness testimony, and other services for businesses and individuals. Operating results for Danenhauer and Danenhauer are reported in the Financial Services practice group.

◦Effective February 1, 2023, we acquired the non-attest assets of Somerset CPAs and Advisors ("Somerset"). Somerset, based in Indianapolis, Indiana, is a provider of a full range of accounting, tax, and financial advisory services to clients in a wide array of industries. Operating results for Somerset are reported in the Financial Services practice group.

◦Effective June 1, 2023, we acquired all of the assets of Pivot Point Security ("PPS"). PPS, based in Hamilton, New Jersey, is a provider of cyber and information security, and compliance services for small and middle market businesses. Operating results for PPS are reported in the Financial Services practice group.

◦Effective June 1, 2023, we acquired all of the assets of Ickovic and Co. PC ("Ickovic and Co."). Ickovic and Co., based in Denver, Colorado, is a provider of bespoke services and solutions for high-net-worth individuals, business owners and executives. Operating results for Ickovic and Co. are reported in the Financial Services practice group.

◦Effective July 1, 2023, we acquired all of the assets of American Pension Advisors, Ltd. ("APA"). APA, based in Indianapolis, Indiana, is a provider of full-service retirement plan consulting and administration assisting more than 1,200 clients in the design, implementation, and administration of all types of retirement plans including 401(k), 403(b), 457(b), defined benefit and cash balance. Operating results for APA are reported in the Benefits and Insurance Services practice group.

◦Effective January 1, 2022, we acquired all of the non-attest assets of Marks Paneth LLP ("Marks Paneth"). Marks Paneth, based in New York City, is a provider of a full range of accounting, tax and consulting services to a wide range of industries. Marks Paneth is included as a component of our Financial Services practice group. Operating results are reported in the Financial Services practice group.

◦Effective July 1, 2022, we acquired substantially all the assets of Stinnett & Associates, LLC ("Stinnett"). Stinnett, located in Tulsa, Oklahoma, is a professional advisory firm and certified Women's Business Enterprise providing internal audit, Sarbanes-Oxley compliance, cybersecurity reviews, business continuity and disaster recovery, and fraud investigations to businesses of all sizes including Fortune 1000 organizations in a variety of industries. Operating results are reported in the Financial Services practice group.

The acquisitions of Danenhauer and Danenhauer, Somerset, PPS, Ickovic and Co., and APA (together, the "2023 Acquisitions") added approximately $64.9 million in incremental revenue in 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded approximately $3.4 million in non-recurring transaction, retention and integration related costs associated with the Somerset acquisition. During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded approximately $10.5 million in non-recurring transaction, retention and integration related costs associated with the Marks Paneth acquisition. Pro forma results of operations for these acquisitions are not provided due to limitations in retrospective application of estimates to historical financial information as well as the immateriality of such information as compared to our total revenue and net income for year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table summarizes the aggregated consideration and purchase price allocation for the acquisitions completed during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively (in thousands):


	2023		2022
Common stock issued (number)	102		42
Common stock value	$	4,796	$	1,668
Cash paid	53,027		79,141

Recorded contingent consideration	32,142		74,199
Total recorded purchase price	$	89,965	$	155,008
Accounts receivable acquired, net	$	8,544	$	20,429
Fixed assets acquired	1,108		1,933
Identifiable intangible assets acquired	35,267		53,400
Operating lease right-of-use asset acquired	14,972		49,291
Other assets acquired	1,163		1,693
Operating lease liability acquired - current	(1,080)		(5,860)
Other current liabilities acquired	(1,371)		(1,594)
Operating lease liability acquired - noncurrent	(13,892)		(43,431)
Goodwill	45,254		79,147
Total net assets acquired	$	89,965	$	155,008
Maximum potential contingent consideration	$	33,845	$	77,075

The following table summarizes the aggregated goodwill and intangible asset amounts resulting from those acquisitions for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively (in thousands):


	Twelve Months Ended December 31,
	2023				2022
	Financial Services		Benefits & Insurance		Financial Services		Benefits & Insurance
Goodwill	$	41,322	$	3,932	$	79,147	$	—
Client list	33,196		2,053		53,400		—
Other intangibles	18		—		—		—
Total	$	74,536	$	5,985	$	132,547	$	—

Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the aggregated purchase price and the fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill represents the value of expected future earnings and cash flows, as well as the synergies created by the integration of the new businesses within our organization, including cross-selling opportunities expected with our Financial Services practice group and the Benefits and Insurance Services practice group, to help strengthen our existing service offerings and expand our market position. Goodwill related to these acquisitions is deductible for tax purposes. Client lists generally have an expected life of 10 years, and other intangibles, primarily non-compete agreements, have an expected life of 3 years. Client lists and non-compete agreements are valued using a discounted cash flow technique based on management estimates of future cash flows from such assets.

The following table summarizes the changes in contingent purchase price consideration for previous acquisitions and contingent payments made for previous business acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively (in thousands):

Sales of assets are recorded as "Other income (expense), net" in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded a gain of $1.5 million related to the sale of one technology asset in the Financial Services practice group and a gain of $1.4 million related to contingent payments from a prior book of business sale in the Benefits and Insurance Services practice group.