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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Sep. 30, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:    
Net income $ 78,393 $ 71,867
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization expense 17,277 16,610
Bad debt expense, net of recoveries 3,166 1,974
Adjustment to contingent earnout liability (80) 322
Stock-based compensation expense 6,765 5,258
Excess tax benefits from share based payment arrangements (1,674) (1,999)
Deferred income taxes (1,809) 3,209
Other, net 310 185
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures:    
Accounts receivable, net (27,913) (54,025)
Other assets 1,823 495
Accounts payable (18,404) 5,045
Income taxes payable 12,048 8,917
Accrued personnel costs (4,862) (9,160)
Other liabilities 16,822 1,020
Operating cash flows provided by continuing operations 81,862 49,718
Operating cash flows used in discontinued operations (66) (304)
Net cash provided by operating activities 81,796 49,414
Cash flows from investing activities:    
Business acquisitions and purchases of client lists, net of cash acquired (33,782) (11,740)
Purchases of client fund investments (3,447) (21,171)
Proceeds from the sales and maturities of client fund investments 32,967 17,758
Increase in funds held for clients 3,250 406
Additions to property and equipment, net (9,486) (10,279)
Other 1,007 335
Net cash used in investing activities (9,491) (24,691)
Cash flows from financing activities:    
Proceeds from bank debt 550,454 496,698
Payment of bank debt (545,954) (472,198)
Payment for acquisition of treasury stock (34,123) (22,826)
Decrease in client funds obligations (57,517) (45,818)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 4,719 4,855
Payment of contingent consideration for acquisitions (11,242) (16,850)
Other, net (395) (334)
Net cash used in financing activities (94,058) (56,473)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (21,753) (31,750)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 146,505 130,554
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period 124,752 98,804
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash to the Consolidated Balance Sheets:    
Cash and cash equivalents 6,113 2,723
Restricted cash 25,275 35,739
Cash equivalents included in funds held for clients 93,364 60,342
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $ 124,752 $ 98,804