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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income $ 34,107 $ 29,759 $ 85,863
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:      
Loss (gain) from discontinued operations, net of tax 896 655 (60,484)
Gain on sale of operations, net of tax (84) (1,303) (79)
Loss on early extinguishment of convertible debt 833 1,529  
Depreciation and amortization expense 20,389 19,831 18,291
Amortization of discount on notes and deferred financing costs 2,271 4,169 4,568
Bad debt expense, net of recoveries 5,658 5,484 4,387
Adjustment to contingent earnout liability (2,709) (5,951) 1,208
Deferred income taxes 1,734 2,043 (416)
Employee stock awards 5,729 6,205 5,655
Excess tax benefits from share based payment arrangements (948) (503) (53)
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures:      
Restricted cash 3,433 (6,182) (2,507)
Accounts receivable, net (15,276) (6,246) (10,680)
Other assets (1,269) (3,027) (3,244)
Accounts payable (1,288) (3,826) 1,482
Income taxes payable (3,674) (338) (273)
Accrued personnel costs (349) 1,643 3,398
Other liabilities (3,057) (825) (5,109)
Net cash provided by continuing operations 46,396 43,117 42,007
Operating cash flows provided by (used in) discontinued operations 990 801 (43,525)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 47,386 43,918 (1,518)
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Business acquisitions and purchases of client lists, net of cash acquired (14,636) (45,972) (9,747)
Purchases of client fund investments (15,429) (14,089) (5,650)
Proceeds from the sales and maturities of client fund investments 10,664 6,671 4,896
Proceeds on sales of divested and discontinued operations 2,938 4,537 200,934
Increase (decrease) in funds held for clients 15,921 (11,223) (9,438)
Additions to property and equipment, net (7,390) (4,837) (6,208)
Collection of notes receivable 955 555 515
Other 20 24 (10)
Net cash (used in) provided by continuing operations (6,957) (64,334) 175,292
Investing cash flows provided by (used in) discontinued operations 8 416 (300)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (6,949) (63,918) 174,992
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from bank debt 408,800 404,500 312,400
Payment of bank debt (310,400) (345,600) (472,800)
Payment on extinguishment of convertible debt (88,964) (30,621)  
Payment for acquisition of treasury stock (36,482) (28,137) (26,468)
(Decrease) increase in client funds obligations (12,617) 19,624 10,192
Payment of contingent consideration of acquisitions (11,987) (7,991) (10,361)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 10,728 11,356 13,976
Payment of notes payable (574) (1,690) (594)
Deferred financing costs (18) (1,736)  
Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock awards 948 503 53
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (40,566) 20,208 (173,602)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (129) 208 (128)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 979 771 899
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 850 $ 979 $ 771