Investment income. Gross realized investment and other gains and losses follows:



	For the Three Months Ended September 30,				For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2014		2013		2014		2013
	($000 omitted)
Realized gains	1,722		1,409		2,429		5,309
Realized losses	(55	)	(552	)	(1,286	)	(7,636	)
	1,667		857		1,143		(2,327	)

Expenses assignable to investment income were insignificant. There were no significant investments as of September 30, 2014 that did not produce income during the year.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2014, investment and other gains (losses) – net included realized gains of $1.1 million from the sale of debt and equity investments available-for-sale, a realized gain of $0.8 million on the sale of a title plant, partially offset by a $1.1 million non-cash charge relating to office closure costs.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2013, investment and other (losses) gains – net included a $5.4 million non-cash charge relating to the early retirement of convertible senior notes and a $1.5 million loss on the sale of an equity investment partially offset by realized gains of $2.5 million from sale of debt and equity investments available-for-sale and a $1.7 million gain on non-title-related insurance policy proceeds.

Proceeds from the sale of investments available-for-sale follows:



	For the Three Months Ended September 30,		For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2014	2013	2014	2013
	($000 omitted)
Proceeds from sale of investments available-for-sale	30,105	19,256	44,580	49,345