Investment income

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2016

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]

Investment income. Gross realized investment and other gains and losses follows:



	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016		2015
	($000 omitted)
Realized gains	3,937		1,554
Realized losses	(3,449	)	(403	)
	488		1,151

Expenses assignable to investment income were insignificant. There were no significant investments as of March 31, 2016 that did not produce income during the year.

For the three months ended March 31, 2016, investment and other gains – net included $1.6 million of net realized gains due to changes in the fair values of contingent consideration liabilities associated with certain prior year acquisitions, partially offset by $1.4 million of office closure costs. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, investments and other gains - net included $1.2 million of net realized gains from the sale of investments available-for-sale.

Proceeds from the sale of investments available-for-sale follows:



	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016	2015
	($000 omitted)
Proceeds from sale of investments available-for-sale	11,327	23,901