-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, HRrN7kOAmLSShhw+CCdQ2svdE2lhcCsRYTFpqe2ZhSH1/9di5c7shnmJlv+IvA0Z WSdZ9FrCLuLdl0EhPs2kcw== 0000912057-97-011333.txt : 19970401 0000912057-97-011333.hdr.sgml : 19970401 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000912057-97-011333 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 17 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19961231 FILED AS OF DATE: 19970331 SROS: NASD FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: PSINET INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000940716 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-COMPUTER PROGRAMMING, DATA PROCESSING, ETC. [7370] IRS NUMBER: 161353600 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NY FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-11787 FILM NUMBER: 97570439 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 510 HUNTMAR PARK DR CITY: HERNDON STATE: VA ZIP: 22070 BUSINESS PHONE: 7039044100 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 510 HUNTMAR PARK DRIVE CITY: HERNDON STATE: VA ZIP: 22070 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: PERFORMANCE SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL INC /NY/ DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19950309 10-K 1 10-K - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K [X] Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1996 or [ ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Commission File Number 0-25812 PSINET INC. (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) New York 16-1353600 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 510 Huntmar Park Drive, Herndon, VA 20170 (Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code) (703) 904-4100 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $.01 par value Preferred Stock Purchase Rights
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No --- --- Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on March 24, 1997, based upon the closing price of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market for such date, was approximately $222,880,000. The number of outstanding shares of the registrant's Common Stock as of March 24, 1997 was approximately 40,274,000 shares. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the registrant's 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders are incorporated by reference in Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and portions of the Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or prior to April 30, 1997 and to be used in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders expected to be held on May 10, 1997 are incorporated by reference in Part I and Part III of this Form 10-K. Only those portions of the Annual Report to Shareholders which are specifically incorporated by reference are deemed filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Index of Exhibits filed with this Report begins at page 42. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PSINET INC. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Part I ---- Item 1. Business...........................................................2 Item 2. Properties........................................................28 Item 3. Legal Proceedings.................................................29 Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security-Holders...............30 Part II Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters...........................................................31 Item 6. Selected Financial Data...........................................32 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.............................................34 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.......................35 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure..............................................35 Part III Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant................36 Item 11. Executive Compensation............................................36 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management....36 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions....................36 Part IV Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K..37 Signatures ...................................................................41 Exhibit Index ................................................................42 PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS CERTAIN OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS FORM 10-K, INCLUDING THE MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS SET FORTH IN ITEM 7 OF THIS FORM 10-K, CONTAIN FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. ACTUAL RESULTS COULD DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AS A RESULT OF A NUMBER OF FACTORS. FOR A DISCUSSION OF IMPORTANT FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE ACTUAL RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, CAREFULLY REVIEW THE DISCUSSION OF RISK FACTORS CONTAINED IN THIS ITEM 1, AS WELL AS OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS FORM 10-K AND IN THE COMPANY'S PERIODIC REPORTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (THE "SEC" OR "COMMISSION"). CERTAIN TERMS USED HEREIN ARE DEFINED IN THE GLOSSARY BEGINNING ON PAGE 25. INTRODUCTION PSINet Inc. ("PSINet" or the "Company") is a leading provider of Internet access, services and products. The Company offers, throughout the United States and internationally, a broad spectrum of Internet access services to corporate customers ranging from low-cost dial-up services to high performance continuous access services using dedicated high-speed telephone circuits, intranet networking services, Web site design and hosting services, Electronic Commerce ("eCommerce"), training and consulting services and Internet access security services. As of March 14, 1997, the Company's network offers reliable, high-speed access to the Internet from approximately 350 Points-of-Presence ("POPs") in the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia. In addition, the Company provides its customers with customer support 24 hours per day, seven days per week. The Company's customer base has grown rapidly to approximately 19,500 corporate customers at March 14, 1997. One of the Company's principal competitive strengths is its early design and deployment of an extensive, advanced frame relay network. Since commencing operations in 1989, the Company has undertaken a program of developing and expanding its network. PSINet's network, which the Company believes is currently one of the largest Internet access networks worldwide, is an advanced TCP/IP-based and ATM, ISDN and SMDS-compatible frame relay network. The Company's objective is to be the leading full service provider of Internet solutions to businesses worldwide. The key elements of the Company's business strategy are: (1) to provide high performance Internet services through a robust network; (2) to provide customer-driven, high-value service offerings to businesses; (3) to continue international expansion in support of customer needs; (4) to expand its customer base through focused marketing and active customer service; and (5) to accelerate growth and enhance service offerings through potential acquisitions, strategic alliances and business relationships. 2 In 1996, the Company acted upon market pressures in the consumer dial-up Internet access business by altering its strategy to include providing wholesale access services to consumer-oriented Internet service providers ("ISPs") in the United States, rather than providing access services directly to consumers. Pursuant to network access agreements with these ISPs, the Company provides Internet connection services which allow their subscribers to connect to the Internet through PSINet's network POPs. The agreements require the other ISPs to pay specified fees to PSINet for using PSINet's network. In connection with the introduction of the Company's new consumer wholesale strategy, the Company restructured its operations and eliminated certain positions relating to these services. Additionally, the Company sold all of its consumer subscriber base and related support activities to a regional, consumer-oriented ISP. No significant restructuring charges were taken as a result of this new strategy implementation. Additionally, to further refine the Company's focus on corporate Internet services, in February 1997, the Company sold its software subsidiary. The Company believes that this divestiture will result in an improved business focus on its core corporate Internet service offerings. The Company was incorporated in New York in 1988. The mailing address of the Company's principal executive offices is 510 Huntmar Park Drive, Herndon, Virginia 20170, its telephone number at that address in (703) 904-4100 and its Internet address for shareholder information is investor-relations@psi.com. Unless the context otherwise requires, "PSINet" and the "Company" refer to PSINet Inc. and its subsidiaries. Industry Overview Use of the Internet has grown rapidly since its commercialization in the early 1990s. Industry sources indicate that the number of Internet users has grown from approximately 21 million at the end of 1993 to approximately 90 million at the end of 1996 and further project that the number will exceed 120 million by the end of 1997. The Internet also has evolved dramatically over the last several years as a result of several trends affecting the computer and communications industries. These trends include the migration by organizations from proprietary mainframe environments to open systems and distributed computing, the emergence of low-cost, high-capacity telecommunications bandwidth, the increasing use of personal computers in the home, the growth of commercial on-line services, the growth of informational, entertainment and commercial applications, and the increase in the number and variety of services available on the Internet. Currently, the primary uses of the Internet include e-mail, Web browsing, eCommerce, file transfer, remote log-in, news, bulletin board and chat services and other on-line services. As the volume of information available on organizations' computer systems has increased and the use of data communications has grown as a preferred means of day-to-day communications, organizations increasingly seek a number of geographically dispersed access points to their own networks and to the networks of other organizations. In the business arena, the number of interconnections businesses desire to establish with networks, customers, suppliers 3 and affiliates generally has made the development of proprietary access systems on a case-by-case basis costly and time consuming. As a result, organizations seek reliable, high-speed and cost-effective means of internetworking and increasingly rely on the Internet. As reliance on the Internet for the transmission of data, applications and electronic commerce continues to grow among organizations, the Company believes that these organizations will require reliable, geographically dispersed and competitively priced Internet access and services. In addition, as organizations seek to establish a presence on the Internet through Web sites, the Company believes they often seek Web design and hosting services in order to minimize costs and maintain the security of their corporate LANs. Moreover, as organizations seek to connect their LANs to the Internet, the Company believes that they will increasingly seek interactive connectivity and Internet access security solutions. The PSINet Strategy PSINet's strategy is to offer geographically dispersed, reliable, competitively priced, high-speed Internet access to businesses of all sizes with varying needs. By offering Internet access options, and consulting and security services, PSINet seeks to provide comprehensive solutions to its customers' Internet needs. Key elements of the Company's strategy are summarized below: - Provide High Performance Internet Services through a Robust Network. The Company's control of its frame relay network and modems, switches and routing equipment enables the Company to offer highly flexible, reliable and high-speed services to its customers at a low cost to the Company. The Company believes that its network is well-suited to accommodate emerging interactive multimedia connectivity applications, which it expects will be increasingly demanded by Internet users, and allows the Company to provide other value-added services to its customers, such as the ability to prioritize bandwidth for selected applications. The Company reinforces the reliability and performance of its network through extensive testing, remote configuration and maintenance, and redundancy to reduce single points of failure. PSINet attempts to control costs by maintaining a scalable network, adopting cost-effective, advanced technologies, and controlling strategic assets, such as network hardware, while leasing competitively priced, commodity assets such as telecommunications bandwidth. In order to promote the rapid and cost-effective expansion of the network's geographic reach into new areas, the Company also has arrangements whereby its customers can access PSINet's network through already established communications networks allowing local access. By offering access services to corporate customers including consumer-oriented Internet service providers, the Company seeks to achieve efficiencies in the utilization of its network infrastructure with both day and evening use. The Company plans to continue to develop its network by installing additional high-speed dedicated data lines as customer-driven network demand dictates. The Company also plans to expand the capacity of existing POPs, as necessary, in order to allow more users to access the Company's systems through local telephone calls and further enhance PSINet's position as a leading Internet service provider. - Provide Customer-driven, High-value Service Offerings to Businesses. PSINet offers a broad range of Internet services at a variety of prices for businesses of all sizes 4 and with varying Internet needs. The Company offers services ranging from, low-cost dial-up connections to high-speed continuous access. The Company offers a Web hosting service, PSIWeb, which enables customers to display advertising, product information, news announcements, and multimedia exhibits on the Web. Furthermore, PSIWeb enables corporate customers to electronically take orders for products and services with its eCommerce option. PSINet also offers Internet access security services for corporate customers which are designed to permit general access to public sections of a customer's network, such as Web servers, while permitting only authorized users access to the private sections of the customer's network. The Company also offers PSI IntraNet, a turnkey solution that enables private, high-speed continuous connection of an organization's multiple sites using the customer's dedicated circuits. - Continue International Expansion in Support of Customer Needs. Multinational and domestic companies around the world increasingly are exploring ways to leverage their existing technology investments in the international marketplace. As the Internet gains worldwide acceptance, PSINet is expanding its international presence to address the needs of these companies. As of March 14, 1997, PSINet had more than one out of every three of its POPs (approximately 128 POPs) located outside of the United States. In order to service corporate customers with international networking needs, PSINet plans to expand further internationally. - Expand Customer Base Through Focused Marketing and Active Customer Service. The Company has developed marketing strategies focused on the data communications needs of corporations using the Internet. The Company utilizes distinct advertising campaigns designed to increase brand awareness among, and to otherwise target, current and future corporate users of the Internet. The Company expects that it will continue to enhance separate distribution channels and customer service and support operations for its current and future customers. The Company has developed a sales and marketing staff to accommodate its expanded sales opportunities and focus. - Accelerate Growth and Enhance Service Offerings through Acquisitions, Strategic Alliances and Business Relationships. In order to expand its service offerings and its network, the Company seeks to form alliances with or acquire companies that provide products or services complementary to PSINet's existing business. Since its inception, the Company has pursued opportunities to work closely with leaders of related industries to develop hardware, software, services and systems that have been incorporated into the Company's service offerings. The Company actively seeks out new opportunities for developing business alliances that will improve PSINet's global network infrastructure and provide a more complete customer solution. The Company believes that, as the Internet service marketplace expands and matures, such transactions, alliances and relationships will be critical to maintaining a leadership position as a full service Internet access provider. 5 PSINet Services The Company offers a broad range of reliable and high-speed Internet access options and related services at a variety of prices designed to meet the needs of customers. The Company's Internet services are designed to meet the requirements of commercial, educational, governmental and other organizations that link their computers, LANs and information servers to, or otherwise seek to benefit from the use of, the Internet. Access options range from dial-up services to high-speed continuous access provided by dedicated circuits leased by the customer. The Company believes that its range of Internet services and price levels allow the Company to compete effectively in the Internet access market for corporate customers. The Company also offers Web site design and hosting services, intranet networking services, eCommerce, Internet access security services and other services. Internet Services for Corporate Customers. The Company's principal Internet access services for corporate customers are: - InterFrame. InterFrame enables a direct, high-speed continuous connection of an organization's LAN to PSINet's network and the Internet using the customer's dedicated circuits at speeds from 56 Kbps to 3 Mbps. InterFrame makes use of frame relay technology to provide a number of features to accommodate varying levels of data throughput. The InterFrame service permits customers to prioritize bandwidth by type of application and can be tailored to a customer's needs by using options such as security filtering (firewalls) and security encryption. Current standard monthly service charges for this service range from $295 to $3,795 depending on the connection speed and service level offered. - InterMAN. InterMAN provides cost-effective, high-speed, continuous access to PSINet's network and to other networks in the same metropolitan area. In many metropolitan areas, PSINet has connected its network to the local SMDS and ATM Metropolitan Area Networks ("MANs") to provide local customers access at speeds ranging from 1.5 Mbps to 45 Mbps. Current standard monthly service charges for this service range from $1,200 to $12,000 depending on the connection speed of service offered. - LAN-on-Demand. LAN-on-Demand provides low-cost, customer-initiated TCP/IP connectivity and access to the Internet linking customers' LANs to PSINet's network through high-speed dial-up connections at speeds from 14.4 Kbps to 128 Kbps. LAN-Dial is an entry-level solution that provides access over ordinary analog phone lines, while LAN-ISDN offers full digital access via ISDN lines from the local phone company. Current standard monthly service charges for this service range from $145 to $295 depending on the service level offered. - PSI IntraNet. PSI IntraNet is a turnkey solution that enables private, high-speed continuous connection of an organization's multiple sites using the customer's dedicated circuits at speeds from 56 Kbps to 1.5 Mbps. Security policies regulate the flow of information between the customer's private intranet and the global Internet. PSI IntraNet service provides full equipment configuration and management for the customers. Current standard monthly charges range from $475 to $2,750 per site depending on the service level offered. 6 PSINet Web Services. The PSIWeb service is an Internet service through which PSINet provides its customers with Web page design and hosting services. Catering to publishers, advertisers, retailers and other corporate customers, PSIWeb is a multimedia Web service that enables PSIWeb customers to establish and maintain an effective, continuous presence on the Internet. - PSIWeb. PSIWeb customers are able to offer interactive multimedia displays of advertising, product information, news announcements and software on the Web. PSIWeb is available to customers using shared servers connected at speeds of 1.5Mbps, 10 Mbps or 45 Mbps on PSINet's network, thereby allowing customers to select the price and performance characteristics to support their specific needs. Current standard monthly service charges for this service range from $99 to $3,099 depending on the disk storage space utilized and the speed of service offered. - PSIWeb WebStart. PSINet WebStart is PSINet's turnkey solution for corporate customers to establish their own presence on the Web. PSINet's HTML developers assist the customer in designing and publishing a Web page that suits the customer's needs. Charges for this service range from a basic charge of $750 to $1,250 depending on the number of Web pages developed and the development complexities. - PSIWeb eCommerce. PSIWeb eCommerce is an integrated electronic commerce solution for corporate customers, utilizing CyberCash payment services and Mercantec's SoftCart shopping cart software. The service offers a solution for incorporating an on-line "virtual storefront" within the customer's Web site. PSINet eCommerce enables the Company's customers to take orders over the Internet for products and services 24 hours a day without geographic and time zone restrictions. The current standard monthly service fees for PSINet eCommerce range from $95 to $195 in addition to the PSIWeb service fees, depending on services selected, plus 1% of the value of transactions processed. PSINet Security Services. Companies doing business on the Internet continue to be serious about their security needs. PSINet addresses the confidentiality and security concerns of its corporate customers by offering the following security services: - SecureEnterprise. SecureEnterprise is a managed security service for business customers connecting private networks to the Internet provided by the Company's Security Planning and Response Team ("SPART"). SecureEnterprise is an integrated security solution including security systems, security policy consulting, installation, and 24 hours a day , seven days per week remote monitoring, management and event log reporting by PSINet SPART. SPART manages and administers the customer's Internet security from firewall management and access control to management of encryption keys and security monitoring. A firewall router and an applications gateway firewall are installed at the customer's site and Access Control Cards are used for remote user authentication. SecureEnterprise also includes firewall penetration scans to periodically evaluate and improve the integrity of the security implementation. The initial set-up fee is $4,000 and the current standard monthly service charge for this service is $1,600. 7 - RouteWaller. RouteWaller is a security option for smaller corporate customers or branch offices and utilizes a packet filtering firewall router as a perimeter defense and access control cards to limit the inbound and outbound access by creating customized individual user access profiles. RouteWaller also offers SPART Internet security policy consulting, monitoring, activity reporting, administration, and management services. The initial set-up fee is $195 and the current standard monthly service charge for this service is $250. Value-added Services. The Company believes that continued development of productivity-enhancing services and products is an important strategy for PSINet to maintain a strong competitive position in the ISP marketplace. Recent PSINet offerings include: - PSINet InternetPaper. This service supports distribution of documents over the Internet from desktop PCs to fax machines worldwide. This service benefits the user by reducing transmission costs and fax hardware expenditures. PSINet InternetPaper enables document delivery to be more efficient and allows organizations to integrate fax communication into their information systems infrastructure. Current standard monthly service charges for this service range from $50 to $200 depending on the frequency of use of the service. - InterFrame FasTrack. PSINet offers an enhancement to its dedicated-access InterFrame service called InterFrame FasTrack. Presently, new InterFrame customers have to wait for the dedicated circuit to be activated by the local telephone company. This delay deprives the customer of access to the Internet. Through InterFrame FasTrack, PSINet offers these customers LAN-on-Demand service on an interim basis until the dedicated circuit for their InterFrame service is ready. Charges for this service range from a basic charge of $390 to $490 depending on the connection speed of service offered. PSINet Consumer Wholesale Services. The Company contracts with numerous consumer-oriented providers of Internet access services in the United States to provide their dial-up customers access to the Internet using PSINet's network. By offering access services to corporate customers, including other ISPs, the Company seeks to achieve efficiencies in the utilization of its network infrastructure over both daytime and evening hours. PSINet's Network As of March 14, 1997, PSINet's network comprised approximately 350 POPs which provide customer access to the network in the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia. PSINet's network infrastructure enables customers to access the Internet through dedicated connections or by using a modem to call locally and connect to the nearest PSINet POP. Once the customer is connected, the traffic is routed through the network infrastructure to the desired Internet location, whether on PSINet's network or elsewhere on the Internet. The Company leases high-speed circuits to network its POPs together within PSINet's network. PSINet's network has the following features: - Scalable. PSINet's flexible network architecture utilizes advanced ATM, ISDN and SMDS-compatible frame relay equipment which allows PSINet's network to scale the 8 number of POPs and the number of users accessing a POP. In addition, ATM compatibility allows PSINet's network to scale bandwidth needs as more customers begin deploying ATM on their LANs. - High-Speed, Low-Latency Network. The Company believes that its network architecture, which is comprised of a TCP/IP-based routed infrastructure built upon a redundant switching fabric, enables the Company to provide reliable, high-speed connections, to offer its customers the ability to dedicate bandwidth by type of application and to accommodate applications that require low-latency (fast response times). - Fault Tolerant. The Company's network utilizes multiple, redundant circuits to reduce the impact of single points of failure within the network, thereby enabling automatic rerouting of traffic and enhancing connection integrity. The Company employs frame relay based switching equipment which enables rerouting through the creation of permanent virtual circuits ("PVCs"). These switches also incorporate equipment-specific redundancies not achievable in traditional routing equipment. In addition, the Company has an uninterruptible power supply at each POP, limiting the impact on PSINet's network of local power outages. - Open Systems Based. PSINet's network is based on the open systems internetworking protocol standard TCP/IP. As new POPs are installed, the Company is able to employ a variety of equipment and technologies without impacting network interoperability. As a result, PSINet's network is designed to accommodate the continued rapid adoption of advanced, network and communications equipment. - Automated and Remote Capabilities. The Company is able to monitor the network remotely, perform network diagnostics and equipment surveillance and connect customers from its network operations center. Due to PSINet's network architecture, these tasks can be performed quickly regardless of POP location or degree of traffic congestion. This allows the Company to respond quickly to network problems without dispatching personnel and to control network management costs. - Congestion Control. The Company is able to monitor network bandwidth capacity and establish permanent virtual circuits when necessary or, in extreme cases, control bandwidth allocation to users. Through its remote monitoring ability, the Company is able to monitor each POP's physical dial-up capacity utilization and thereby anticipate needed additions to the network before capacity constraints arise. Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances As the Company expands its service offerings and its network, the Company anticipates that it will continue to acquire assets and businesses of, or enter into strategic alliances or other business relationships with, companies providing services complementary to PSINet's existing business. The Company believes that, as the Internet industry expands and matures, the acquisition of such businesses will be important to maintaining a leadership position as a full service Internet service provider. The Company has historically sought acquisitions and strategic alliances in order to expand its services and increase its international presence. 9 In September, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement with Chatterjee Management Company, an affiliate of Soros Fund Management, (doing business as The Chatterjee Group) ("Chatterjee") pursuant to which the Company and an investment group led by Chatterjee would establish a joint venture to be known as PSINet Europe for the purpose of building an Internet network across Europe and providing Internet-related services in Europe. The Company and Chatterjee are discussing a substantive amendment to this agreement which, if entered into, would likely result in a direct investment in PSINet by Chatterjee. There can be no assurance that the Company and Chatterjee will complete this transaction. In the event the Company and Chatterjee are unable to complete this transaction, the Company may, among other things, seek other strategic partners and/or alternative sources of financing in connection with its international expansion or defer more rapid network build-out in Europe. From time to time, the Company reviews its strategic alliances with other entities to determine whether the alliances continue to be consistent with the Company's overall business strategies and objectives. As a result of this review, the Company is in the process of negotiating changes in its arrangements with World Online B.V. which, if entered into, could result in a termination of certain of such arrangements, but is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and cash flows. There can be no assurance that the Company and World Online will effect any such changes. See "Risk Factors - Risks Associated with Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances" in Part I, Item 1. Business Relationships Since its inception, PSINet has pursued opportunities to work closely with leaders of related industries to develop hardware, software, services and systems which have been incorporated into the Company's service offerings and PSINet's network. For example, the Company has worked with Ascend Communications, Inc. ("Ascend") and Cascade Communications Corporation ("Cascade") to modify certain of their products to better accommodate Internet requirements. Other selected alliances include: - CyberCash. PSINet has formed an alliance with CyberCash, Inc. to provide PSIWeb customers a payment system for processing transactions electronically. - Mercantec, Inc. ("Mercantec"). PSINet has formed an alliance with Mercantec, Inc. to provide PSIWeb eCommerce customers Mercantec's SoftCart shopping cart software which offers a solution for incorporating an on-line "virtual storefront" within the customer's Web site - Mpath Interactive ("Mpath"). PSINet also has formed an alliance with Mpath to bring interactive applications to the Web through PSINet's network. - XLConnect Solutions, Inc. ("XLConnect"). The Company has entered into a "master reseller" contract with XLConnect whereby XLConnect recruits and provides direct sales support to resellers of PSINet's connectivity services. There are currently over 100 Value Added Resellers ("VAR") in the XLConnect VAR program. 10 The Company actively seeks new opportunities for business alliances that will improve PSINet's infrastructure, provide more complete customer solutions or provide access to alternative distribution channels. See "Risk Factors - Risks Associated with Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances" in Part 1, Item 1. Sales and Marketing PSINet attempts to reach new customers through its direct sales staff as well as through a variety of distribution channels, including through value added reseller programs with distributors for the bundling, joint promotion and co-marketing of products. The Company also attempts to create brand awareness by participating in trade shows, such as Networld, Interop, InterNet World and COMDEX, advertising in trade journals and special-interest publications, such as Communications Week, Wired and Byte, and relationships with industry groups and the media. The Company uses direct mailings, telemarketing programs, Web marketing, co-marketing agreements and joint promotional efforts to reach new corporate customers. The Company attempts to retain its customers through active and responsive customer support as well as by continually offering new value-added services. The Company employs a variety of sales and marketing tactics and programs in addition to those discussed above in order to implement its sales and marketing strategy. The Company's internal sales staff initiates calls to and handles calls from prospective customers and follows up on leads generated by current service promotion packages, trade shows, magazine reader service surveys and from proprietary database searches specific to particular service promotions. As of March 14, 1997, the Company employed approximately 177 persons in its sales and marketing groups. The Company's domestic sales and marketing operations are principally conducted from its offices in Herndon, Virginia, while its international affiliates conduct sales and marketing operations in Toronto, Canada, Tokyo, Japan and Cambridge, U.K. Customers The Company had, as of March 14, 1997, approximately 19,500 corporate customers. The Company's customers include businesses in the aerospace, finance, communications, computer data processing and related industries, governmental agencies and educational and research institutions as well as other ISPs pursuant to the Company's new consumer wholesale strategy. Customer Administration, Network Operations and Field Service A high level of continuing service and support is critical to the Company's objective of developing long-term relationships with customers. Network operations personnel continuously monitor PSINet's network 24 hours per day, seven days per week. During 1996, the Company streamlined its customer service and support organizations by integrating a wide range of support functions including circuit ordering and installation, network integration, and customer billing into a unified team known as Customer Administration. Network operations can remotely service customer connections to PSINet's network. Field services personnel are dispatched in the event of an equipment failure that cannot be serviced remotely. As of March 14, 1997, the Company employed approximately 239 customer support, network operations and field services personnel. 11 The Company's customer support services are managed from its headquarters offices located in Herndon, Virginia, and its network operations center located in Troy, New York. Competition The market for data communications services, including Internet access services, is highly competitive. The industry has relatively insignificant barriers to entry and numerous entities competing for the same customers. PSINet expects that competition will continue to intensify. The Company believes that the primary competitive factors for the provision of Internet services are quality of service, reliability, price, technical expertise, ease of use, variety of value-added services, quality and availability of customer support, experience of the supplier, geographic coverage and name recognition. PSINet's success in this market will depend heavily upon its ability to provide high quality Internet connectivity and value-added Internet services at competitive prices. The Company's current and prospective competitors generally may be divided into the following two groups: (1) other Internet access providers, such as Bolt, Beranek & Newman Inc., NETCOM On-Line Communications Services, Inc. ("NETCOM") and other national and regional providers; and (2) telecommunications companies, such as AT&T Corp. ("AT&T"), MCI Communications Corporation ("MCI"), WorldCom, Inc. (through its mergers with MFS Communications Co., Inc. ("MFS") and UUNET Technologies, Inc. ("UUNET")), Sprint, Inc., regional Bell operating companies ("RBOCs") and various cable television companies. Many of these competitors have greater market presence, engineering and marketing capabilities, and financial, technological and personnel resources than those available to PSINet. As a result, they may be able to develop and expand their communications and network infrastructures more quickly, adapt more swiftly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements, take advantage of acquisition and other opportunities more readily, and devote greater resources to the marketing and sale of their products than can PSINet. In addition, the ability of some of the Company's competitors to bundle other services and products with Internet access services could place PSINet at a marketing or competitive disadvantage. See "Risk Factors - Competition" in Part 1, Item 1. Proprietary Rights The Company's success and ability to compete is dependent in part upon its technology and proprietary rights, although the Company believes that its success is more dependent upon its technical expertise than its proprietary rights. The Company relies on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and contractual restrictions to establish and protect its technology. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of its technology or that the Company's competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to the Company's technology. The Company is also subject to the risk of adverse claims and litigation alleging infringement of the intellectual property rights of others. See "Risk Factors - Dependence on Technology; Proprietary Rights" in Part 1, Item 1. 12 Regulatory Matters The 1996 Federal telecommunications legislation imposes criminal liability on persons sending or displaying in a manner available to minors indecent material on an interactive computer service such as the Internet. The 1996 Federal telecommunications legislation also imposes criminal liability on an entity knowingly permitting facilities under its control to be used for such activities. Entities solely providing access to facilities not under their control (including transmission, downloading, intermediate storage, access software and other incidental capabilities) are exempted from liability, as are service providers that take good faith, reasonable, effective and appropriate actions to restrict access by minors to the prohibited communications. The constitutionality of these provisions is being challenged in the U.S. Supreme Court, and the interpretation and enforcement of them is uncertain. This legislation may decrease demand for Internet access, chill the development of Internet content, or have other adverse effects on Internet access providers such as the Company. In addition, in light of the uncertainty attached to interpretation and application of this law, there can be no assurance that the Company would not have to modify its operations to comply with the statute, including prohibiting users from maintaining home pages on the World Wide Web. See "Risk Factors - Government Regulatory Risks" in Part 1, Item 1. Employees As of March 14, 1997, the Company had approximately 515 full-time employees, including approximately 239 in technical and operational positions, 177 in sales and marketing and 99 in administration. PSINet believes that its relations with its employees are good. None of PSINet's employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement and PSINet has never experienced a work stoppage. Executive Officers of the Company Name Age Title ---- --- ----- William L. Schrader 45 Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer (Founder) Harold S. Wills 55 Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, and Director David N. Kunkel 53 Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary and Director Edward D. Postal 41 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Mitchell Levinn 37 Vice President, Network Operations Mary-Ann Carolan 36 Vice President, Customer Administration Richard R.Frizalone 39 Vice President, Corporate Sales James R. Davin 40 Vice President and Chief Technical Officer Mark S. Fedor 33 Vice President, Engineering David L. Hudson 55 Vice President, Business and Product Development 13 Additional information regarding the Company's Executive Officers is incorporated by reference to "Executive Officers" in the Company's Proxy Statement to be used in connection with its 1997 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and to be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after December 31, 1996. 14 RISK FACTORS In addition to the other information in this Annual Report, the following Risk Factors should be considered in evaluating the Company and its business. Limited History of Operations; Operating Deficit; Continuing Losses; Potential Fluctuations in Operating Results The Company began offering its services in 1990. Although the Company has experienced revenue growth on an annual basis with revenue increasing from $15.2 million in 1994 to $38.7 million in 1995 to $84.4 million in 1996, it has incurred losses and experienced negative EBITDA (as defined in footnote 4 of Part II, Item 6 "Selected Financial Data")during each of its last three fiscal years. The Company has incurred losses of approximately $5.3 million, $53.2 million and $55.1 million and has incurred negative EBITDA of approximately $1.5 million, $27.9 million and $28.0 million for each of the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. At December 31, 1996, the Company had a retained deficit of $116.6 million. Although the Company presently projects that it will achieve positive EBITDA sometime during the second quarter of 1997 and will be profitable by the first quarter of 1998 or prior thereto, there can be no assurance that revenue growth will continue or that the Company will achieve profitability or positive EBITDA in the future. The Company expects to focus in the near term on continuing to increase its corporate customer base and expanding its consumer wholesaling strategy which will require it to continue to incur expenses for marketing, network infrastructure, personnel and the development of new services and software, and thereby may adversely impact cash flow and operating performance. The Company also plans to continue to enhance PSINet's network and the administrative and operational infrastructure necessary to support its Internet access service domestically and internationally. The Company's operating results have fluctuated in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future as a result of a variety of factors, some of which are outside of the Company's control, including general economic conditions, specific economic conditions in the Internet access industry, user demand for the Internet, capital expenditures and other costs relating to the expansion of operations, the introduction of new services by the Company or its competitors, the mix of services sold and the mix of channels through which those services are sold, pricing changes and new product introductions by the Company and its competitors and delays in obtaining sole or limited source equipment. As a strategic response to a changing competitive environment, the Company may elect from time to time to make certain pricing, service or marketing decisions that could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and cash flow. Competition The market for data communications services, including Internet access services, is highly competitive. The industry has relatively insignificant barriers to entry and numerous entities competing for the same customers. PSINet expects that competition will continue to intensify. The Company believes that the primary competitive factors for the provision of Internet services are quality of service, reliability, price, technical expertise, ease of use, variety of value-added services, quality and availability of customer support, experience of the supplier, geographic coverage and name recognition. PSINet's success in this market will depend heavily 15 upon its ability to provide high quality Internet connectivity and value-added Internet services at competitive prices. Many of the Company's competitors have greater market presence, engineering and marketing capabilities, and financial, technological and personnel resources than those available to PSINet. As a result, they may be able to develop and expand their communications and network infrastructures more quickly, adapt more swiftly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements, take advantage of acquisition and other opportunities more readily, and devote greater resources to the marketing and sale of their products than can PSINet. In addition, the ability of some of the Company's competitors to bundle other services and products with Internet access services could place PSINet at a competitive disadvantage. The 1996 Federal telecommunications legislation contains certain provisions lifting, or establishing procedures for lifting, restrictions on RBOCs and other companies which may permit them to engage directly in the Internet access business and allows the RBOCs to provide electronic publishing of information and databases. In addition, this legislation makes it easier for national long distance carriers such as AT&T to offer local telephone service. The Company cannot predict the extent to which this legislation may result in additional competitive pressures on the Company or have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition. PSINet believes that competition will intensify as new competitors, including large computer hardware, software, media and other technology and telecommunications companies, enter the Internet services market and as existing competitors form alliances with or acquire other companies. The 1996 mergers of UUNET with MFS and of MFS with WorldCom, Inc., for example, may create the potential for network expense reductions which could result in a competitive advantage for the combined entity. Such acquisitions, alliances and expanded service offerings may permit the Company's competitors to devote greater resources to the development and marketing of new competitive products and services and the marketing of existing competitive products and services. As PSINet continues to expand its operations outside the United States, it will encounter new competitors and competitive environments. In some cases, the Company will be forced to compete with and buy services from government owned or subsidized telecommunications providers, some of which may enjoy a monopoly on telecommunications services essential to the Company's business. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to purchase such services at a reasonable price or at all. In addition to the risks associated with the Company's previously described competitors, foreign competitors may possess a better understanding of their local markets and better working relationships with local infrastructure providers and others. There can be no assurance that the Company can obtain similar levels of local knowledge, and failure to obtain that knowledge could place the Company at a significant competitive disadvantage. As a result of industry competition, the Company expects to encounter pricing pressure, which in turn could result in reductions in the average selling price of the Company's services. For example, certain of the Company's competitors which are telecommunications companies, including AT&T and MCI, may be able to provide customers with reduced or free communications costs in connection with their Internet access services or offer Internet access as a standard component of their overall service package, thereby increasing price pressure on 16 PSINet. The Company has in the past reduced prices on certain of its Internet access options and may continue to do so in the future. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to offset the effects of any such price reductions with an increase in the number of its customers, higher revenue from enhanced services, cost reductions or otherwise. PSINet is not able presently to predict the impact which future growth in the Internet access and on-line services businesses will have upon competition in the industry. Increased price or other competition could result in erosion of the Company's market share and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will have the financial resources, technical expertise or marketing and support capabilities to continue to compete successfully. Recent Entry Into Consumer Wholesaling Business In response to competitive considerations in the market for individual customers, the Company has determined to focus its efforts in this market on the high-end business user and has altered its strategy to include the provision of wholesale services to consumer-oriented Internet service providers in the United States, rather than providing the consumer services directly. There can be no assurance that the Company's new strategy will be successful. Risks of Growth and Expansion The Company had expanded its network to approximately 350 POPs as of December 31, 1996 and plans to continue to expand the capacity of existing POPs as customer-driven demand dictates during 1997. The Company's rapid growth has placed, and in the future may continue to place, a significant strain on the Company's administrative, operational and financial resources and has increased demands on its systems and controls. The Company anticipates that its consumer wholesale service, as well as other business growth, may require continued enhancements to and expansion of its network. Competition for qualified personnel in the internetworking industry is intense and there are a limited number of persons with knowledge of and experience in the Internet service industry. The process of locating, training and successfully integrating qualified personnel into the Company's operations is often lengthy and expensive. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in attracting, integrating and retaining such personnel. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Company's existing operating and financial control systems and infrastructure will be adequate to maintain and effectively monitor future growth. The inability to continue to upgrade the networking systems or the operating and financial control systems, the inability to recruit and hire necessary personnel, the inability to successfully integrate new personnel into the Company's operations, the inability to manage its growth effectively or the emergence of unexpected expansion difficulties could adversely affect the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition. Need for Additional Capital to Finance Growth and Capital Requirements The Company expects to continue to enhance its network in order to maintain its competitive position and continue to meet the increasing demands for service quality, availability and competitive pricing. As of December 31, 1996, the Company's network comprised approximately 350 POPs. Based upon its present business plan, the Company believes that working capital, funds from operations, existing credit facilities and additional borrowings which 17 the Company expects to be able to obtain when needed, will be sufficient to meet presently anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements. The Company may seek to raise additional funds in order to take advantage of unanticipated opportunities, more rapid international expansion or acquisitions of complementary businesses, or to develop new products or otherwise respond to unanticipated competitive pressures. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to raise such funds on favorable terms. In the event that the Company is unable to obtain such additional funds on acceptable terms, the Company may determine not to enter into various expansion opportunities. Risks Associated with International Expansion A component of the Company's strategy is its planned expansion into international markets. To date, the Company has only limited experience in providing international Internet service. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain the permits and operating licenses required for it to operate, to hire and train employees or to market, sell and deliver high quality services in these markets. In addition to the uncertainty as to the Company's ability to expand its international presence, there are certain risks inherent to doing business on an international level, such as unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs, customs, duties and other trade barriers, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer payment cycles, problems in collecting accounts receivable, political instability, expropriation, nationalization, war, insurrection and other political risks, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, foreign exchange controls which restrict or prohibit repatriation of funds, technology export and import restrictions or prohibitions, delays from customs brokers or government agencies, seasonal reductions in business activity during the summer months in Europe and certain other parts of the world and potentially adverse tax consequences, which could adversely impact the success of the Company's international operations. The Company may need to enter into additional joint ventures or other strategic relationships with one or more third parties in order to successfully conduct its foreign operations. There can be no assurance that such factors will not have an adverse effect on the Company's future international operations and, consequently, on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, there can be no assurance that laws or administrative practice relating to taxation, foreign exchange or other matters of countries within which the Company operates will not change. Any such change could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Risks Associated With Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances As part of its business strategy, the Company expects to seek to develop strategic alliances both domestically and internationally and/or to acquire assets and businesses principally relating to or complementary to its current operations. Any such future strategic alliances or acquisitions would be accompanied by the risks commonly encountered in strategic alliances with or acquisitions of companies. Such risks include, among other things, the difficulty of assimilating the operations and personnel of the companies, the potential disruption of the Company's ongoing business, the inability of management to maximize the financial and strategic position of the Company by the successful incorporation of licensed or acquired technology and rights into the Company's service offerings, the maintenance of uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies and the impairment of relationships with employees and customers as a result of changes in management. There can be no assurance that the 18 Company would be successful in overcoming these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with such strategic alliances or acquisitions. In addition, if the Company were to proceed with one or more significant acquisitions in which the consideration consists of cash, a substantial portion of the Company's available cash could be used to consummate the acquisitions. If the Company were to consummate one or more significant acquisitions or strategic alliances in which the consideration consists of stock, shareholders of the Company could suffer a significant dilution of their interests in the Company. See "Business - Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances" in Part 1, Item 1. Many of the businesses that might become attractive acquisition candidates for the Company may have significant goodwill and intangible assets, and acquisition of these businesses, if accounted for as a purchase, would typically result in increases in the Company's amortization expenses and the length of time over which they are reported. In connection with acquisitions, the Company could incur substantial expenses, including the expenses of integrating the business of the acquired company or the strategic alliance with the Company's business. Such expenses, in addition to the financial impact of such acquisitions, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause substantial fluctuations in the Company's quarterly and yearly operating results. Dependence on Key Personnel The Company's success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of its senior management team and technical, marketing and sales personnel. The Company's employees may voluntarily terminate their employment with the Company at any time. Competition for qualified employees and personnel in the internetworking industry is intense and there are a limited number of persons with knowledge of and experience in the Internet service industry. The Company's success also will depend on its ability to attract and retain qualified management, marketing, technical and sales executives and personnel. The process of locating such personnel with the combination of skills and attributes required to carry out the Company's strategies is often lengthy. The loss of the services of key personnel, or the inability to attract additional qualified personnel, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, product development efforts and ability to expand its network infrastructure. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in attracting and retaining such executives and personnel. Any such event could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Potential Liability for Information Disseminated through Network; Pending and Threatened Litigation The law relating to the liability of on-line services companies and Internet access providers for information carried on or disseminated through their systems is currently unsettled in the United States. Several private lawsuits seeking to impose such liability upon on-line services companies and Internet access providers are currently pending. In addition, recently enacted Federal legislation prohibits and imposed liability for the transmission on the Internet of certain types of information and content. In one case brought against an Internet access provider, Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communications Services, Inc., a Federal district court ruled that under certain circumstances Internet access providers could be held liable for copyright infringement. The imposition upon the Company and other Internet access 19 providers or Web hosting sites of potential liability for information carried on or disseminated through their systems could require the Company to implement measures to reduce its exposure to such liability, which may require the expenditure of substantial capital and other resources, or to discontinue certain product or service offerings. The increased attention focused upon liability issues as a result of these lawsuits and legislative proposals could impact the growth of the Internet. The Company carries errors and omissions insurance with a basic policy limitation of $2.0 million, subject to deductibles, exclusions and self-insurance retention amounts. Such coverage may not be adequate or available to compensate the Company for all liability that may be imposed. The imposition of liability in excess of, or the unavailability of, such coverage could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. The law relating to the regulation and liability of on-line services and Internet access providers in relation to information carried or disseminated also is undergoing a process of development in other countries. Decisions regarding regulation and content liability may significantly affect the development and profitability of companies offering on-line and Internet access services, including the Company. Risks Associated with Financing Arrangements The Company's financing arrangements are secured by substantially all of the Company's assets and stock of certain subsidiaries of the Company and require the Company to satisfy certain financial covenants and restrict the payment of dividends. The Company's secured lenders would be entitled to foreclose upon those assets in the event of a default under the financing arrangements and to be repaid from the proceeds of the liquidation of those assets before the assets would be available for distribution to the Company's shareholders in the event that the Company is liquidated. In addition, the collateral security arrangements under the Company's existing financing arrangements may adversely affect the Company's ability to obtain additional borrowings. Government Regulatory Risks The 1996 Federal telecommunications legislation imposes criminal liability on persons sending or displaying in a manner available to minors indecent material on an interactive computer service such as the Internet. The 1996 Federal telecommunications legislation also imposes criminal liability on an entity knowingly permitting facilities under its control to be used for such activities. Entities solely providing access to facilities not under their control (including transmission, downloading, intermediate storage, access software and other incidental capabilities) are exempted from liability, as are service providers that take good faith, reasonable, effective and appropriate actions to restrict access by minors to the prohibited communications. The constitutionality of these provisions is being challenged in the U.S. Supreme Court, and the interpretation and enforcement of them is uncertain. This legislation may decrease demand for Internet access, chill the development of Internet content, or have other adverse effects on Internet access providers such as the Company. In addition, in light of the uncertainty attached to interpretation and application of this law, there can be no assurance that the Company would 20 not have to modify its operations to comply with the statute, including prohibiting users from maintaining home pages on the World Wide Web. The 1996 Federal telecommunications legislation also contains certain provisions lifting, or establishing procedures for lifting, restrictions on RBOCs and other companies that may permit them to engage directly in the Internet access business and allows the RBOCs to provide electronic publishing of information and databases. Competition from these companies could have an adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition. The Company provides Internet access, in part, through transmissions over public telephone lines. These transmissions are governed by regulatory policies establishing charges and terms for communications. The Company presently is considered an enhanced services provider and, therefore, is not currently subject to direct regulation or access charges imposed by the Federal Communications Commission (the "FCC") or any other agency, other than regulations applicable to businesses generally. The Company could become subject in the future to access charges and FCC regulation and/or regulation by other regulatory commissions as a provider of basic telecommunications services. The FCC recently issued a Notice of Inquiry in which it seeks comment on whether it should distinguish between different categories of enhanced services, and announced that it will address issues about the continued viability of its current regulatory division between basic and enhanced services in a future proceeding. If the FCC determines that such a distinction is appropriate, this could result in increased costs being imposed upon the Company. Risk of System Failure or Shutdown The success of the Company is dependent upon its ability to deliver reliable, high-speed access to the Internet. The Company's network, as is also the case with other networks providing similar service, is vulnerable to damage or cessation of operations from fire, earthquakes, severe storms, power loss, telecommunications failures and similar events, especially if such an events occur within a high traffic location of the network. The Company is also dependent upon the ability of its telecommunications providers to deliver reliable, high-speed telecommunications service through their networks. While the Company's network has been designed with redundant circuits among POPs to allow traffic rerouting, lab and field testing is performed before integrating new and emerging technology into the network, and the Company engages in capacity planning, there can be no assurance that the Company will not experience failures or shutdowns relating to individual POPs or even catastrophic failure of the entire network. The Company carries property, POP equipment and business interruption insurance with basic policy limitations of $4.0 million, $5.0 million and $5.0 million, respectively, subject to deductibles, exclusions and self-insurance retention amounts. Such coverage may not be adequate or available to compensate the Company for all losses that may occur. In addition, the Company attempts to limit its liability to customers arising out of network failures through contractual provisions disclaiming all such liability and, in respect of certain services, limiting liability to a usage credit based upon the amount of time that the system was not operational. There can be no assurance that such limitations will be enforceable. In any event, significant or prolonged system failures or shutdowns could damage the reputation of the Company and result in the loss of customers. 21 New and Uncertain Market Substantially all of the Company's revenue to date has been, and for the foreseeable future will be, derived from the sale of its Internet access, services and products. The Company's success will depend upon the development and expansion of the market for Internet access services and products and the networks which comprise the Internet. The market for Internet services has only recently developed and has been accompanied by increased press coverage concerning the scope and nature of the information and services available on, and potential uses of, the Internet. Certain critical issues presently surrounding commercial use of the Internet, including security, reliability, ease and cost of access, and quality of service, remain unresolved and may adversely impact the growth of Internet use. If the Internet access market fails to grow, grows more slowly than anticipated or becomes saturated with competitors, the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected. Network Security Risks; Risks Associated with Providing Security Services Despite the implementation of network security measures by the Company, such as limiting physical and network access to its routers, its infrastructure is potentially vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins and similar disruptive problems caused by its customers or other Internet users. Computer viruses, break-ins or other problems caused by third parties could lead to interruptions, delays or cessation in service to the Company's customers. Furthermore, such inappropriate use of the Internet by third parties could also potentially jeopardize the security of confidential information stored in the computer systems of the Company's customers, which may deter potential customers and adversely affect existing customer relationships. Persistent security problems continue to plague public and private data networks. Break-ins have reportedly reached computers connected to the Internet at General Electric Co., Sprint and IBM as well as the computer systems of NETCOM, Netscape and the San Diego Supercomputer Center. Addressing problems caused by computer viruses, break-ins or other problems caused by third parties could have a material adverse effect on the Company. The security services offered by the Company for use in connection with its customers' networks also cannot assure complete protection from computer viruses, break-ins and other disruptive problems. Although the Company attempts to limit contractually its liability in such instances, the occurrence of such problems may result in claims against or liability on the part of the Company. Such claims, regardless of their ultimate outcome, could result in costly litigation and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business or reputation or on its ability to attract and retain customers for its products. Moreover, until more consumer reliance is placed on security technologies available, the security and privacy concerns of existing and potential customers may inhibit the growth of the Internet service industry and the Company's customer base and revenues. Dependence on Suppliers The Company has few long term-contracts with its suppliers. The Company is dependent on third party suppliers for its leased-line connections, or bandwidth. Certain of these suppliers are or may become competitors of the Company, and such suppliers are not subject to any restrictions upon their ability to compete with the Company. To the extent that these suppliers change their pricing structures, the Company may be adversely affected. Moreover, the Company 22 is dependent on certain third party suppliers of hardware components. Although the Company attempts to maintain a minimum of two vendors for each required product, certain components used by the Company in providing its networking services are currently acquired or available from only one source. The Company has from time to time experienced delays in the receipt of certain hardware components. A failure by a supplier to deliver quality products on a timely basis, or the inability to develop alternative sources if and as required, could result in delays which could materially adversely affect the Company. The Company's remedies against suppliers who fail to deliver products on a timely basis are limited by contractual liability limitations contained in supply agreements and purchase orders and, in many cases, by practical considerations relating to the Company's desire to maintain good relationships with the suppliers. As the Company's suppliers revise and upgrade their equipment technology, the Company may encounter difficulties in integrating the new technology into the Company's network. Certain of the vendors from whom the Company purchases telecommunications bandwidth, including the RBOCs and other local exchange carriers ("LECs"), currently are subject to tariff controls and other price constraints which in the future may be changed. In addition, newly enacted legislation will produce changes in the market for telecommunications services. These changes may affect the prices charged by the RBOCs and other LECs to the Company, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, the Company is subject to the effects of other potential regulatory actions which, if taken, could increase the cost of the Company's telecommunications bandwidth through, for example, the imposition of access charges. Risks of Technology Trends and Evolving Industry Standards PSINet's success will depend upon its ability to develop new products and provide new services that meet customers' changing requirements. The market for Internet access is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, emerging competition, changes in customer needs and frequent new service and product introductions. The Company's future success will depend, in part, on its ability to effectively use leading technologies, to continue to develop its technical expertise, to enhance its current services, to develop new services that meet changing customer needs, and to influence and respond to emerging industry standards and other technological changes on a timely and cost-effective basis. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in effectively using new technologies, developing new services or enhancing its existing services on a timely basis or that such new technologies or enhancements will achieve market acceptance. The Company believes that its ability to compete successfully is also dependent upon the continued compatibility and interoperability of its services with products and architectures offered by various vendors. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to effectively address the compatibility and interoperability issues raised by technological changes or new industry standards. In addition, there can be no assurance that services or technologies developed by others will not render the Company's services or technology uncompetitive or obsolete. 23 Dependence on Technology; Proprietary Rights The Company's success and ability to compete is dependent in part upon its technology and proprietary rights, although the Company believes that its success is more dependent upon its technical expertise than its proprietary rights. The Company relies on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and contractual restrictions to establish and protect its technology. It may be possible for a third party to copy or otherwise obtain and use PSINet's products or technology without authorization or to develop similar technology independently, and there can be no assurance that such measures are adequate to protect PSINet's proprietary technology. In addition, PSINet's products may be licensed or otherwise utilized in foreign countries where laws may not protect PSINet's proprietary rights to the same extent as do laws in the United States. It is the Company's policy to require employees and consultants and, when obtainable, suppliers to execute confidentiality agreements upon the commencement of their relationships with the Company. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of its technology or that the Company's competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to the Company's technology. The Company is also subject to the risk of adverse claims and litigation alleging infringement of the intellectual property rights of others. From time to time the Company has received claims of infringement of other parties' proprietary rights. While the Company does not believe that it has infringed the proprietary rights of other parties, there can be no assurance that third parties will not assert infringement claims in the future with respect to the Company's current or future products or that any such claims will not require the Company to enter into license arrangements or result in protracted and costly litigation, regardless of the merits of such claims. No assurance can be given that any necessary licenses will be available or that, if available, such licenses can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. Potential Volatility of Stock Price The market price and trading volume of the Company's Common Stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile. Factors such as variations in the Company's revenue, earnings and cash flow and announcements of new service offerings, technological innovations or price reductions by the Company, its competitors or providers of alternative services could cause the market price of the Common Stock to fluctuate substantially. In addition, the stock markets recently have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that particularly have affected technology based companies and resulted in changes in the market prices of the stocks of many companies that have not been directly related to the operating performance of those companies. Such broad market fluctuations have adversely affected and may continue to adversely affect the market price of the Common Stock. 24 GLOSSARY ATM.......................Asynchronous Transfer Mode. An information transfer standard that is one of a general class of packet technologies that relay traffic by way of an address contained within the first five bytes of a standard fifty-three byte-long packet or cell. The ATM format can be used by many different information systems, including LANs, to deliver traffic at varying rates, permitting a mix of data, voice and video. Backbone..................A centralized high-speed network that connects smaller, independent networks. Bandwidth.................The number of bits of information which can move over a communications medium in a given amount of time. Dedicated circuits........Telecommunications lines dedicated or reserved for use by particular customers along predetermined routes. Electronic mail or e-mail.An application that allows a user to send or receive text messages to or from any other user with an Internet address, commonly termed an e-mail address. Firewall..................A gateway between two networks that buffers and screens all information, and prevents unauthorized traffic, passing between such networks. Frame relay...............A data communication technology which is sometimes used to provide higher speed (above 56Kbps and less than 1.5Mbps) for Internet connections. Its usual application is in connecting work groups rather than individuals. Graphical user interface..A means of communicating with a computer by manipulating icons and windows rather than using text commands. Internet..................An open global network of interconnected commercial, educational and governmental computer networks which utilize a common communications protocol, TCP/IP. Internetworking...........The process of communicating between and among networks. ISDN......................Integrated Services Digital Network. A digital network that combines voice and digital network services through a single medium, making it possible to offer customers digital data services as well as voice services over dial-up connections. 25 Kbps......................Kilobits per second. A measure of digital information transmission rates. One kilobit equals 1,000 bits of digital information. Normally, 10 bits are used for each alpha-numeric character. LAN.......................Local Area Network. A data communications network designed to interconnect personal computers, workstations, minicomputers, file servers and other communications and computing devices within a localized environment. Mbps......................Megabits per second. A measure of digital information transmission rates. One megabit equals 1,000 kilobits. Modem.....................A piece of equipment that connects a computer to an analog data transmission line (typically a telephone line). On-line services..........Commercial information services that offer a computer user access through a modem to a specified slate of information, entertainment and communications menus. Open systems..............A networking system which is based upon non-proprietary protocols (i.e., protocols which are in the public domain). POPs......................Points-of-Presence. Geographic areas within which a communications network allows local access. Protocol..................A formal description of message formats and the rules two or more machines must follow in order to communicate. Router....................A device that receives and transmits data packets between segments in a network or different networks. Server....................Software that allows a computer to offer a service to another computer. Other computers contact the server program by means of matching client software. The term also refers to the computer on which server software runs. SMDS......................Switched Multimegabit Data Service. A public packet-switching service offered by telephone companies in many major metropolitan areas. Switching system..........A system which uses devices that rapidly open or close circuits or select the paths or circuits to be used for transmission of information. TCP/IP....................Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A set of open communications protocols that allow computers with different architectures and operating system software to communicate with other computers on the Internet. 26 T1........................A data communications line capable of transmission speeds of 1.54 Mbps. T3........................A data communications line capable of transmission speeds of 45 Mbps. Windows...................A computer basic application system developed by Microsoft Corp. that provides a graphical user interface and multitasking capabilities. World Wide Web or Web.....A network of computer servers that uses a special communications protocol to link different servers throughout the Internet and permits communication of graphics, video and sound through a rich graphical user interface. 27 Item 2. PROPERTIES The Company's principal administrative, operational and marketing and sales facilities total approximately 61,790 square feet and are located in an office park in Herndon, Virginia. The Company occupies 26,286 square feet of this space under a lease which expires in September 2003, subject to a five-year renewal option. An additional 9,804 square feet is occupied pursuant to a lease which expires in May 1997, subject to a three-year extension option. Additionally, 14,200 square feet is occupied pursuant to a lease which expires in February 1999 and the remaining 11,500 square feet are occupied pursuant to a sublease which expires in October 2003. In addition, the Company also leases approximately 19,406 square feet of office space for its network operations center in Troy, New York. The Company leases regional sales and field support offices in Santa Clara, California, El Segundo, California, Orlando, Florida Chicago, Illinois, Cambridge, Massachusetts, New York City, Columbus, Ohio, Dallas, Texas, Tokyo, Japan, Toronto, Ontario and Cambridge, England. The Company leases or is otherwise provided with the right to utilize space in various geographic locations to provide an operational facility for certain of its POPs. 28 Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS From time to time, the Company has been threatened with or named as a defendant in lawsuits and administrative claims. Certain of such lawsuits and threatened litigation relate to relatively novel or unresolved issues of law arising out of or relating to the developing nature of the Internet and on-line services industries. See "Risk Factors - Potential Liability for Information Disseminated through Network; Pending and Threatened Litigation" in Part I, Item 1. The Company from time to time receives communications from third parties asserting breach of agreements, alleged infringement of patents, trademarks and service marks of others and other claims. Although there is currently no material litigation arising out of any alleged breach of agreement or out of any alleged infringement of patents, trademarks or service marks, there can be no assurance that litigation will not be commenced regarding these or other matters. The Company is not involved in any legal matters which the Company believes would, if adversely determined, have a material adverse effect upon its business or results of operations. There can be no assurance whether these matters will be determined in a manner which is favorable to the Company or, if adversely determined, whether such determination would have a material adverse effect upon the Company's business, financial condition or results of operations. 29 Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY-HOLDERS No matters were submitted to a vote of security-holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996. 30 PART II Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS MARKET INFORMATION Prior to the initial public offering of the Company's Common Stock on May 1, 1995, there was no established trading market for the Common Stock. The Company's Common Stock has been traded on the NASDAQ National Market under the symbol "PSIX" since its initial public offering of Common Stock on May 1, 1995. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low closing sale prices for the Common Stock as reported during each quarterly period in 1995 and 1996 on the NASDAQ National Market. The prices do not include retail mark ups, mark downs or commissions. 1995 High Low - ---- ---- --- Second Quarter (from May 1, 1995)...... $15 5/8 $12 Third Quarter.......................... $25 1/4 $15 1/4 Fourth Quarter......................... $28 1/2 $13 3/4 1996 High Low - ---- ---- --- First Quarter.......................... $22 3/8 $9 1/8 Second Quarter......................... $18 1/2 $7 3/8 Third Quarter.......................... $12 5/8 $8 3/8 Fourth Quarter......................... $14 $8 1/2 The last reported sale price of the Company's Common Stock on the NASDAQ National Market on March 14, 1997 was $8 per share. There were approximately 801 holders of record of the Common Stock as of March 14, 1997. DIVIDEND POLICY The Company has never declared or paid cash dividends on its capital stock. The Company currently intends to retain all of its earnings, if any, for use in its business and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, under the terms of the Company's existing credit facilities, the payment of dividends is restricted. See Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8. RECENT SALES OF UNRESTRICTED SECURITIES On January 25, 1996, the Company issued, as a deposit in escrow, 32,368 shares of the Company's Common Stock as additional security for the Company's obligation under an agreement with World Online B.V. to purchase an additional 10% of the outstanding Common Stock of World Online B.V. The securities issued in this transaction were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1993, as amended (the "Act"), in reliance on Section 4(2) of the Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. In such transaction, the acquirer of the shares had adequate access to information about the Company, and appropriate legends regarding the restricted nature of such securities were affixed to the certificate representing such securities. 31 Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following table sets forth for the periods indicated selected consolidated financial and operating data for the Company and should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto and the discussion under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8 and Item 7, respectively. The statement of operations and balance sheet data have been derived from the Company's consolidated financial statements audited by Price Waterhouse LLP. Consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 1995 and 1996 and the related consolidated statements of operations and of cash flows for the three years ended December 31, 1996 and the notes thereto are incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Summary Consolidated Financial and Operating Data (In thousands, except per share and operating data)
Year Ended December 31, ------------------------------------------------------- 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- Statement of Operations Data: Revenue $ 6,442 $ 8,665 $ 15,214 $ 38,722 $ 84,351 Other income, net (1) - - - - 5,417 Income (loss) from operations 819 (1,885) (4,662) (52,617) (55,081) Income (loss) before income taxes and extraordinary item (2) 689 (2,159) (5,342) (53,160) (55,256) Net income (loss) 430 (1,913) (5,342) (53,160) (55,097) Pro forma loss per share and loss per share (3) (.26) (1.78) (1.40) Shares used in computing pro forma loss per share and loss per share (3) 20,395 29,832 39,378 Other Financial Data: Net cash provided by (used in) operations 1,721 (209) (1,097) (30,093) (32,543) EBITDA (4) 1,752 (166) (1,479) (27,901) (28,046) December 31, ------------------------------------------------------- 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- Balance Sheet Data: Cash and short-term investments $ 240 $ 1,865 $ 3,358 $102,710 $ 57,344 Working capital (680) 136 (1,554) 83,627 23,186 Property and equipment, net 2,957 8,415 10,528 51,355 72,061 Total assets 4,291 13,821 17,055 201,830 177,112 Lines of credit and current portion of long-term debt and capital lease obligations 701 2,540 3,369 16,643 26,915 Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, less current portion 599 3,581 4,397 24,130 26,938 Redeemable common and preferred stock 773 6,725 13,617 - - Shareholders' equity (deficit) 1,124 (1,427) (8,283) 143,230 89,783 December 31, ------------------------------------------------------- 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- End of Period Operating Data: Number of POPs 38 68 82 241 350 Number of corporate customers 1,980 2,830 4,220 8,200 17,800
(1) Represents the consideration received, net of related asset costs and transfer expenses relating to the sale of the Company's consumer dial-up Internet access subscribers and related tangible and intangible assets. 32 (2) For the year ended December 31, 1992, the Company recognized extraordinary benefits of $21,000 resulting from the utilization of operating loss carryforwards to offset income taxes. (3) For a description of the computation of pro forma loss per share and loss per share and shares used in computing pro forma loss per share and loss per share, see Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. (4) Represents earnings (loss) before depreciation and amortization, interest income and expense, income tax expense (benefit), extraordinary items and equity in loss of affiliate and, in 1995, intangible asset write-down. The Company has included information concerning EBITDA because it understands that such information is used in the Internet services industry as one measure of an entity's operating performance and historical ability to service debt. EBITDA is not determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, is not indicative of cash used by operating activities and should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, measures of performance determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. 33 Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The information required by Item 7 is incorporated herein by reference to "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" contained on pages 18-23 of the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders filed as Exhibit 13 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 34 Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The Consolidated Financial Statements, together with the report of Price Waterhouse LLP dated February 7, 1997, except as to the last two paragraphs of Note 12, which are as of February 14, 1997, appearing on pages 24 to 40 and the quarterly results (unaudited) appearing on page 22 of the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders are incorporated by reference and filed as Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K. Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE Not applicable. 35 PART III Item 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT The information required by Item 10 is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement to be used in connection with its 1997 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") not later than 120 days after December 31, 1996. Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information required by Item 11 is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement to be used in connection with its 1997 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and to be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after December 31, 1996. Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT The information required by Item 12 is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement to be used in connection with its 1997 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and to be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after December 31, 1996. Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS The information required by Item 13 is incorporated by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement to be used in connection with its 1997 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and to be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after December 31, 1996. 36 PART IV Item 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, and REPORTS ON FORM 8-K Documents filed as a part of this report. 1. Financial Statements The following consolidated financial statements of PSINet Inc. and related notes, together with the report thereon of Price Waterhouse LLP, the Company's independent accountants, are set forth herein as indicated below. Page Report of Independent Accountants on Consolidated Financial Statements...... * Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1995 and December 31, 1996... * Consolidated Statements of Operations For the Three Years Ended December 31, 1996.................................................................. * Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Three Years Ended December 31, 1996.................................................................. * Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Deficit) For the Three Years Ended December 31, 1996............................... * Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................................. * _______________________________ * Incorporated by reference to the Company's 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders. See Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. No financial statements have been filed with this Form 10-K other than those incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8. 2. Financial Statement Schedules Included in Part IV of this Form 10-K are the following: Report of Independent Accountants on Financial Statement Schedule........... 39 Financial Statement Schedule For the Three Years Ended December 31, 1996: II - Valuation Accounts and Reserves............................... 40 _______________________________ All other schedules have been omitted either because they are not required or applicable or because the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto referred to above. 37 3. Exhibits See Index to Exhibits on page 42. b. Reports on Form 8-K. On March 3, 1997, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K, dated February 14, 1997, relating to the sale of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiary InterCon Systems Corporation to Ascend Communications, Inc. 38 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS ON FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of PSINet Inc. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements referred to in our report dated February 7, 1997, except as to the last two paragraphs of Note 12, which are as of February 14, 1997, appearing on page 24 of the 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders of PSINet Inc. (which report and consolidated financial statements are incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K) also included an audit of the Financial Statement Schedule appearing on page 40 of this Form 10-K. In our opinion, this Financial Statement Schedule presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP Washington, DC February 7, 1997 39 SCHEDULE II - VALUATION ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES
Additions -------------------------- Balance at Charged to Balances of Balance at beginning costs and acquired end of of period expenses subsidiaries Deductions period ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- (In thousands) Year ended December 31,1994 Allowance for doubtful accounts 172 617 - (662) 127 Deferred tax valuation allowance 493 1,946 - - 2,439 Year ended December 31,1995 Allowances for doubtful accounts and returns 127 724 252 (228) 875 Deferred tax valuation allowance 2,439 8,936 - - 11,375 Year ended December 31, 1996 Allowances for doubtful accounts and returns 875 3,130 - (2,096) 1,909 Deferred tax valuation allowance 11,375 20,948 - - 32,323
40 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. PSINET INC. Date: March 31, 1997 By: /s/ Edward D. Postal --------------------- Edward D. Postal Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date --------- ----- ---- /s/ William L. Schrader Chairman, President, Chief March 31, 1997 ----------------------- Executive Officer and William L. Schrader Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Harold S. Wills Executive Vice President, March 31, 1997 ------------------- Chief Operating Officer Harold S. Wills and Director /s/ David N. Kunkel Senior Vice President, March 31, 1997 ------------------- General Counsel, Secretary David N. Kunkel and Director /s/ Edward D. Postal Vice President and Chief March 31, 1997 --------------------- Financial Officer (Principal Edward D. Postal Financial and Accounting Officer) /s/ William H. Baumer Director March 31, 1997 --------------------- William H. Baumer /s/ Wade Woodson Director March 31, 1997 ---------------- Wade Woodson /s/ Ian P. Sharp Director March 31, 1997 ---------------- Ian P. Sharp /s/ William A. Wilson Director March 31, 1997 --------------------- William A. Wilson 41 EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT LOCATION - -------- --------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------- 2.1 Agreement dated July 21, 1995 for the sale and Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current purchase of 425,000 Ordinary Shares in the share Report on Form 8-K dated July 21, 1995 located capital of EUnet GB Limited between the University under Securities Exchange Commission File No. of Kent at Canterbury and the Company 0-25812 ("July 21, 1995 8-K") 2.2 Agreement dated July 21, 1995 for the sale and Incorporated by reference to the July 21, 1995 8-K purchase of 75,000 Ordinary Shares in the share capital of EUnet GB Limited between the University of Kent at Canterbury and the Company 2.3 Letter dated July 21, 1995 from Furley Page Incorporated by reference to the July 21, 1995 8-K Fielding & Barton to Eversheds 2.4 Shareholder Agreement dated February 28, 1996 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.8 to the between the Company and Hansol Telecom Co., Ltd. Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995 located under Securities and Exchange Commission File No. 0-25812 ("1995 Form 10-K"). 2.5 Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of June 28, 1996 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2 to the between the Company and MindSpring Enterprises, Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Inc. quarter ended June 30, 1996 located under Securities Exchange Commission File No. 0-25812 ("June 1996 10-Q") 2.6 Joint Venture Agreement dated as of September 19, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2 to the 1996 between the Company and Chatterjee Management Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Company quarter ended September 30, 1996 located under Securities Exchange Commission File No. 0-25812 ("September 1996 10-Q")
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2.7 Stock Acquisition Agreement, dated as of February Incorporated by reference to the Company's Current 1, 1997, between Ascend Communications, Inc., a Report on Form 8-K dated February 14, 1997 located Delaware corporation, and PSINet Inc., a New York under Securities Exchange Commission File No. corporation, with respect to all outstanding 0-25812 capital stock of InterCon Systems Corporation, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of PSINet Inc. 3.1 Certificate of Incorporation, as amended Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 declared effective on May 1, 1995 located under Securities and Exchange Commission File No. 33-90154 ("May 1995 Registration Statement") 3.2 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Incorporation dated April 25, 1995 Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1995 located under Securities Exchange 3.3 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.2 to the Incorporation dated May 5, 1995 June 1995 10-Q 3.4 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Incorporation dated November 11, 1995 Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1995 located under Securities Exchange Commission File No. 0-25812 ("September 1995 10-Q") 3.5 Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.5 to the September 1995 10-Q 3.6 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3 to the Incorporation dated May 18, 1996 June 1996 10-Q 4.1 Form of Common Stock Certificate Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the May 1995 Registration Statement
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4.2 Form of Common Stock Certificate (name Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1A change) to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 declared effective on December 14, 1995 located under Securities Exchange Commission File No. 33-99610 ("December 1995 Registration Statement") 4.3 Articles Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Ninth and Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Tenth of the Certificate of Incorporation 4.2 to the December 1995 Registration of the Company, as amended (see Exhibits Statement 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4) 4.4 Article I of the Amended and Restated By- Incorporated by reference from Exhibit laws of the Company, as amended (see 4.3 to the December 1995 Registration Exhibit 3.5) Statement 4.5 Forms of Rights Agreement, dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1 May 8, 1996, between PSINet Inc. and to the Company's Registration Statement First Chicago Trust Company of New York, on Form 8-A dated June 3, 1996 as Rights Agent, which includes as Exhibit A-- Certificate of Amendment; Exhibit B--Form of Rights Certificate; and Exhibit C-- Summary of Rights to Purchase Shares of Preferred Stock 10.1 Lease Agreement dated July 1, 1990 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between the Company and Rensselaer 10.1 to the May 1995 Registration Polytechnic Institute, amended by Lease Statement Renewal Agreement dated as of July 1, 1993, Letter Agreement dated November 14, 1994 and Letter Agreement dated February 1, 1995 10.2 Lease Agreement dated February 8, 1995 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between the Company and Rensselaer 10.2 to the May 1995 Registration Polytechnic Institute Statement 10.3 Amendment to Lease Agreement dated July Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1, 1995 between the Company and 10.2A to the December 1995 Registration Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Statement 10.4 Lease Agreement dated as of April 30, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1993 by and between Vingarden Limited 10.3 to the May 1995 Registration Partnership and the Company Statement 10.5 Lease Agreement dated April 1995 by and Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between Brit Limited Partnership and the 10.3A to the December 1995 Registration Company Statement
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10.6 Sublease dated September 20, 1995 by and Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between The Medical Sciences Research 10.3B to the December 1995 Registration Institute and the Company and Lease Statement Agreement dated October 6, 1993 by and between Vingarden Associates Limited Partnership and The Medical Sciences Research Institute 10.7 Lease Agreement dated October 31, 1995 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between Oakfern Properties Limited and 10.4A to the December 1995 Registration the Company Statement 10.8 Lease Agreement dated October 1994 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between the Company and Cascade 10.4 to the May 1995 Registration Communications, Inc. Statement 10.9 Master Lease Agreement dated July 19, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1994 between the Company and Technology 10.5 to the May 1995 Registration Credit Corporation Statement 10.10 Lease Agreement dated as of July 9, 1993 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between Applied Telecommunications 10.6 to the May 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.11 Lease Agreement dated as of August 27, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1993 between Applied Telecommunications 10.7A to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.12 Lease Agreement dated as of September 29, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1993 between Applied Telecommunications 10.7B to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.13 Lease Agreement dated as of November 8, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1993 between Applied Telecommunications 10.7C to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.14 Lease Agreement dated as of December 8, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1993 between Applied Telecommunications 10.7D to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.15 Lease Agreement dated as of December 31, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1993 between Applied Telecommunications 10.7E to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.16 Lease Agreement dated as of February 10, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1994 between Applied Telecommunications 10.7F to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement
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10.17 Lease Agreement dated as of March 14, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1994 between Applied Telecommunications 10.7G to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.18 Lease Agreement dated as of June 9, 1994 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between Applied Telecommunications 10.7H to the December 1995 Registration Technologies, Inc. and the Company Statement 10.19 Lease Agreement dated as of September 21, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.7 1994 between Applied Telecommunications to the May 1995 Registration Statement Technologies, Inc. and the Company *10.20 Executive Stock Option Plan of the Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Company 10.10 to the May 1995 Registration Statement *10.21 Executive Stock Incentive Plan of the Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Company, as amended 10.12 to the December 1995 Registration Statement *10.22 Directors Stock Incentive Plan of the Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Company, as amended 10.13 to the December 1995 Registration Statement *10.23 Strategic Stock Incentive Plan of the Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10 Company to the June 1995 10-Q *10.24 1995 Performance Bonus Plan of the Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Company 10.15 to the May 1995 Registration Statement *10.25 1996 Performance Bonus Plan of the Sequentially numbered pages Company *10.26 InterCon Systems Corporation 1992 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Incentive Stock Plan 99.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 which became effective on October 18, 1995 located under Securities Exchange Commission File No. 33-98316 ("S-8 No. 16") *10.27 InterCon Systems Corporation 1994 Stock Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Option Plan 99.2 to the S-8 No. 16
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*10.28 Software Ventures Corporation 1994 Stock Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99 Option Plan to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 which became effective on October 18, 1995 located under Securities Exchange Commission File No. 33-98314 ("S-8 No. 14") *10.29 Employment Agreement dated March 10, 1993 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between the Company and William L. 10.16 to the May 1995 Registration Schrader Statement *10.30 Employment Agreement dated February 13, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1996 between the Company and Mitchell 10.19 to the Company's Annual Report on Levinn Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995 located under Securities and Exchange Commission File No. 0-25812 ("1995 Form 10-K"). *10.31 Employment Agreement dated June 21, 1995 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between the Company and David N. Kunkel 10.26 to the December 1995 Registration Statement *10.32 Employment Agreement dated February 9, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1996 between the Company and Mary-Ann 10.42 to the 1995 Form 10-K Carolan 10.33 Form of Indemnification Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.21 to the May 1995 Registration Statement 10.34 Non-Competition and Confidentiality Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Agreement dated as of June 16, 1995 10.30 to the December 1995 Registration between Kurt D. Baumann and the Company Statement *10.35 Board Representation Agreement dated as Incorporated by reference from Exhibit of October 1, 1993 between the Company 10.24 to the May 1995 Registration and William H. Baumer Statement *10.36 Representation Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.25 October 1, 1993 between the Company and to the May 1995 Registration Statement William H. Baumer 10.37 Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit May 31, 1994 by and among the Company and 10.26 to the May 1995 Registration the Investors identified on Exhibit A Statement thereto
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10.38 Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit June 17, 1994 by and among the Company 10.27 to the May 1995 Registration and the Investors identified on Exhibit A Statement thereto 10.39 Securities Purchase Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit January 17, 1995 by and among the Company 10.28 to the May 1995 Registration and the First Purchasers and Subsequent Statement Purchasers listed on Exhibit A thereto 10.40 Amended and Restated Registration Rights Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Agreement dated as January 17, 1995 by 10.29 to the May 1995 Registration and among the Company and the several Statement parties signatory thereto 10.41 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit February 8, 1995 by and among the Company 10.30 to the May 1995 Registration and the several parties signatory thereto Statement 10.42 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit June 16, 1995 among the Company and 10.39 to the December 1995 Registration Stockholders of InterCon Systems Statement Corporation 10.43 Registration Rights Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit July 11, 1995 among the Company and 10.40 to the December 1995 Registration Stockholders of Software Ventures Statement Corporation 10.44 Amended and Restated Credit Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit dated as of November 10, 1995 between the 10.41 to the December 1995 Registration Company, Software Ventures Corporation, Statement InterCon Systems Corporation and Fleet Bank of Massachusetts, N.A. ("Fleet") 10.45 Revolving Credit Note as amended and Incorporated by reference from Exhibit restated as of November 10, 1995 of the 10.41A to the December 1995 Registration Company payable to the order of Fleet Statement 10.46 Amended and Restated Security Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit dated as of November 10, 1995 by and 10.41B to the December 1995 Registration between the Company and Fleet Statement 10.47 Amended and Restated Security Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit dated as of November 10, 1995 by and 10.41C to the December 1995 Registration between PSINet Pipeline New York, Inc. Statement ("Pipeline") and Fleet 10.48 Amended and Restated Guaranty Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit dated as of November 10, 1995 between 10.41F to the December 1995 Registration Pipeline and Fleet Statement 10.49 Pledge Agreement dated as of November 10, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1995 between the Company and Fleet 10.41I to the December 1995 Registration Statement
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10.50 Master Equipment Lease Agreement dated as Incorporated by reference from Exhibit of June 23, 1995 between the Company and 10.1 to the September 1995 10-Q Forsythe/McArthur Associates, Inc. ("FMA") 10.51 Master Lease Line Commitment Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 dated as of June 23, 1995 between the to the September 1995 10-Q Company and FMA 10.52 Amendment Agreement dated as of August 1, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1995 between the Company and Technology 10.8 to the September 1995 10-Q Credit Corporation 10.53 Master Equipment Lease Agreement No. Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 620-0004602-000 dated November 1995 10.44A to the December 1995 Registration between the Company and Siemens Credit Statement Corporation 10.54 Amendment to Master Lease Agreement No. Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1753 dated January 26, 1996 between the 10.77 to the 1995 Form 10-K Company and Technology Credit Corporation 10.55 Master Equipment Lease Agreement, dated Incorporated by reference from Exhibit December 15, 1995 between the Company and 10.78 to the 1995 Form 10-K Financing for Science International, Inc. 10.56 Security Agreement dated as of March 20, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1996 between the Company and USL Capital 10.79 to the 1995 Form 10-K Corporation 10.57 Warrant to purchase 182,400 shares of the Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Series B Convertible Participating 10.36 to the May 1995 Registration Preferred Stock, $0.1 par value per share Statement (the "Series B Preferred"), of the Company, at an exercise price of $1.60 per share, registered in the name of Mark A. Cordover and related letter dated May 27, 1994 from Mr. Cordover to the Company 10.58 Warrant to purchase 174,274 shares of the Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Series B Preferred of the Company, at an 10.37 to the May 1995 Registration exercise price of $1.60 per share, Statement registered in the name of Applied Telecommunications Technologies, Inc. ("ATTI") 10.59 Warrant to purchase up to 25,000 shares Incorporated by reference from Exhibit of the Series B Preferred of the Company, 10.39 to the May 1995 Registration at an exercise price of $1.60 per share, Statement registered in the name of William H. Baumer 10.60 Warrant to purchase up to 25,000 shares Incorporated by reference from Exhibit of the Series B Preferred of the Company, 10.40 to the May 1995 Registration at an exercise price of $1.60 per share, Statement registered in the name of William H. Baumer
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10.61 Letter Agreement dated July 20, 1995 Incorporated by reference to the July 21, between the Company and Kent Scientific 1995 8-K and Industrial Projects, Ltd. 10.62 Intellectual Property License Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit dated March 1996 between the Company and 10.93 to the 1995 Form 10-K Hansol Telecom Co., Ltd. *10.63 Employment Agreement dated April 3, 1996 Incorporated by reference from Exhibit between the Company and Harold S. Wills 10.2 to the June 1996 10-Q 10.64 First Amendment dated as of August 13, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1996 to the Amended and Restated Credit 10.3 to the June 1996 10-Q Agreement between the Company and Fleet Bank of Massachusetts, N.A. 10.65 Convertible Note dated as of June 28, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1996 between the Company and MindSpring 10.4 to the June 1996 10-Q Enterprises, Inc. 10.66 Registration Rights Agreement made as of Incorporated by reference from Exhibit September 19, 1996 by and between the 10.1 to the September 1996 10-Q Company and The Chatterjee Management Company *10.67 Employment Agreement dated October 1, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1996 between the Company and Edward D. 10.2 to the September 1996 10-Q Postal *10.68 Employment Agreement dated October 9, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1996 between the Company and Richard R. 10.3 to the September 1996 10-Q Frizalone 10.69 Master Software/Equipment Lease Agreement Incorporated by reference from Exhibit dated as of September 20, 1996 between 10.4 to the September 1996 10-Q the Company and LPI Software Funding Group, Inc. 10.70 Amendment No. 1 to Asset Purchase Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Agreement and Network Services Agreement 10.5 to the September 1996 10-Q entered into as of June 28, 1996 by and between the Company and MindSpring Enterprises, Inc. 10.71 Amendment No. 2 to Asset Purchase Incorporated by reference from Exhibit Agreement entered into as of September 1, 10.8 to the September 1996 10-Q 1996 by and between the Company and MindSpring Enterprises, Inc. 10.72 Pledge Agreement dated as of October 1, Sequentially numbered pages 1996 between the Company and Fleet 10.73 Amendment No. 1 to Pledge Agreement dated Sequentially numbered pages as of November 18, 1996 between the Company and Fleet
50
10.74 Amendment No. 3 to Asset Purchase Sequentially numbered pages Agreement and Amendment No. 1 to Convertible Note entered into as of January 24, 1997 by and between the Company and MindSpring Enterprises, Inc. 10.75 Amendment No. 2 to Network Services Sequentially numbered pages Agreement entered into as of January 1, 1997 by and between the Company and MindSpring Enterprises, Inc. 10.76 Convertible Note of MindSpring Sequentially numbered pages Enterprises, Inc. in the principal amount of $3,078,324 due December 31, 1998 10.77 Master Lease Agreement dated as of Sequentially numbered pages January 27, 1997 between Cascade Communications Corp. and the Company *10.78 Employment Agreement dated February 12, Sequentially numbered pages 1997 between the Company and David L. Hudson 10.79 Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Sequentially numbered pages Credit Agreement dated February 1, 1997 between the Company, and Fleet 11.1 Calculation of Loss Per Share For The Sequentially numbered pages Year Ended December 31, 1996 11.2 Calculation of Pro Forma Loss Per Share Sequentially numbered pages For The Year Ended December 31, 1995 (Unaudited) 11.3 Calculation of Pro Forma Loss Per Share Sequentially numbered pages For The Year Ended December 31, 1994 (Unaudited) 13 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders Sequentially numbered pages 21 Subsidiaries of the Company Sequentially numbered pages 23 Consent of Price Waterhouse LLP Sequentially numbered pages ** 27 Financial Data Schedule Sequentially numbered pages
* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit pursuant to Item 14(a)(3). ** Not deemed for purposes of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 323 of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 or otherwise subject to the liabilities of such sections and not deemed part of any registration statement to which such exhibit relates. 51
EX-10.25 2 EXHIBIT 10.25 Exhibit 10.25 PSINET CORPORATE PERFORMANCE BONUS PLAN The following represents a summary of the 1996 PSINet Corporate Performance Bonus Plan: Amount: between 0 and 10% of gross PAID salary from July 1 through December 31, 1996. Eligibility: All PSINet Inc. US-based employees (not including Inside Sales, Outside Sales, Consumer Wholesale Sales or Corporate Technical Support--which have separate performance bonus plans or InterCon Systems Corporation employees) Measurement: - U.S. Revenue. - Number of U.S. Corporate Customers. - Number of U.S. Wholesale Consumer Customers. - U.S. Retention Rate. - Consolidated Cash, cash equivalents and short-term. EX-10.72 3 EX-10.72 PLEDGE AGREEMENT Agreement made as of this 1st day of October 1996, between PSINet Inc., a New York corporation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "Pledgor"), and Fleet National Bank, a national banking association (the "Bank"). All capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Credit Agreement (as defined below). W I T N E S S E T H: WHEREAS, the Pledgor and InterCon Systems Corporation ("InterCon") (Pledgor and InterCon as hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as "Debtors") have entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of November 10, 1995 with the Bank, as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of August 13, 1996 with the Bank (said Amended and Restated Credit Agreement as amended by said First Amendment, and as the same may be further amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time, the "Credit Agreement") providing for the establishment by the Bank of a credit facility in favor of Debtors in the maximum aggregate principal amount of $23,500,000 (the "Loans"); NOW, THEREFORE, to induce the Bank to make the Loans provided for by the Agreement and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, it is hereby agreed as follows: 1. Pledge. As security for the due and punctual payment and performance of the Obligations described in Section 2 below, Pledgor hereby delivers and pledges to the Bank the securities listed in Exhibit A hereto (the "Pledged Securities"), and Pledgor hereby grants to the Bank a security interest in and lien on all of the Pledged Securities. The certificates representing the Pledged Securities are accompanied by stock powers duly executed in blank by the Pledgor as the registered owner of the Pledged Securities. The term "Pledged Securities" as used in this Agreement shall include, in addition to the aforesaid securities, any other securities or collateral which may from time to time be delivered to the Bank hereunder as security for the Obligations, together with all the proceeds of any of the foregoing. 2. Obligations. The Pledged Securities from time to time held hereunder shall secure the following obligations of Debtors (herein the "Obligations"): (a) The prompt and complete payment when due (whether by acceleration or otherwise) of all amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement and all promissory notes and L/Cs issued in connection therewith, including, without limitation, the Term Credit Notes in the maximum aggregate original principal amount of $18,500,000, the Revolving Credit Note in the original principal amount of $5,000,000 and all L/Cs; (b) Any and all other obligations of the Pledgor or other Debtor under the Credit Agreement or under any other document, instrument, or agreement executed and delivered pursuant thereto, including, without limitation, all fees, expenses and costs thereunder; and (c) Any and all other liabilities and obligations of every name and nature whatsoever of the Pledgor or other Debtor to the Bank, whether such liabilities and obligations be direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, secured or unsecured, now existing or hereafter arising or acquired, due or to become due. 2 3. Representations and Warranties. The Pledgor hereby represents and warrants to the Bank that: (a) The Pledgor is the legal, beneficial and record owner and has good title to all of the Pledged Securities free and clear of all claims, mortgages, pledges, liens, security interests and other encumbrances of every nature whatsoever except to or in favor of the Bank hereunder; (b) All of the shares of Pledged Securities have been duly and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; (c) Except for any shares, options, warrants or other rights issued in accordance with Section 4(b) hereof, the Pledged Securities constitute all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the issuer thereof as of the date of this Agreement and, as of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding no options, warrants or other rights to purchase or acquire any additional shares of the capital stock of such issuer; and (d) The Pledgor has full corporate and other power and authority to pledge the Pledged Securities as herein contemplated. 4. Issues or Sales of Pledged Stock. (a) Except as permitted by Section 4(b) hereof, the Pledgor hereby covenants and agrees that, (i) it will not directly or indirectly sell, assign, pledge or otherwise encumber or dispose of the Pledged Securities; (ii) it will not permit the issuer of any of the Pledged Securities, directly or indirectly, to issue or sell any additional shares of capital stock or any options, warrants or rights to acquire such shares other than to Pledgor; and 3 (iii) in the event that the issuer of any of the Pledged Securities issues any additional shares of its capital stock to Pledgor, Pledgor will pledge any such shares to the Bank pursuant to this Agreement. (b) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, PSINet Japan K.K. may issue shares of its capital stock and options, warrants or rights to acquire shares of its capital stock, to directors officers, employees and/or consultants as incentive or other compensation. 5. Voting Rights of Pledgor. Provided that there exists no Event of Default (as hereinafter defined) and so long as the Pledgor shall be the record owner of the Pledged Securities, the Pledgor shall be entitled, to the extent permitted by applicable law, to exercise voting power with respect to the Pledged Securities; provided, however, that in no event shall the Pledgor exercise such voting power in any manner contrary to or inconsistent with the terms hereof or with the terms of the Agreement. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default which is continuing, the Bank shall have those rights specified in paragraph 7 except to the extent that such rights may be limited by the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of the issuer of the Pledged Securities. 6. Distribution. Upon the dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of any corporation or other entity which issued the Pledged Securities, whether in bankruptcy, insolvency or receivership proceedings, or upon an assignment for the benefit of creditors or otherwise, any sum to be paid or any property to be distributed upon or with respect to any of the Pledged Securities shall be paid over to the Bank to be held by it as collateral security for the Obligations; provided that any cash distribution shall be applied to outstanding Obligations. In the event that any stock dividend shall be declared on any of the 4 Pledged Securities, or any shares of stock or fractions thereof shall be issued pursuant to any stock split involving any of the Pledged Securities, or any property shall be distributed upon or with respect to any of the Pledged Securities, the shares or other property so distributed shall be delivered to the Bank, to be held as collateral security for the Obligations. 7. Default. If any one or more of the following events, (herein referred to as "Events of Default") shall occur: (a) Default shall be made in the due performance or observance of any provision of this Agreement and such default shall continue for a period of fifteen (15) days following the earlier to occur if (i) Pledgor shall become aware of any such default or (ii) notice of any such default to Pledgor by Bank; (b) Any of the Obligations shall have become due by demand, acceleration, maturity or otherwise and such Obligations have not been paid in full; or (c) An Event of Default (as defined in the Credit Agreement) shall have occurred and be continuing under the Credit Agreement; then upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Bank shall have, (1) full power and authority to sell or otherwise dispose of the Pledged Securities or any part thereof, (2) after giving written notice to the Pledgor of its intention to exercise such right, to vote the Pledged Securities with respect to any and all matters and to exercise all rights to payments, conversion, exchange, subscription or otherwise with respect to the Pledged Securities, or (3) to exercise any and all rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code, except to the extent that the foregoing rights may be unavailable or limited by the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of the issuer of the Pledged Securities. 5 To the extent permitted by applicable law with the agreement of the Pledgor, any sale or other disposition by the Bank may be by public or private proceedings and may be made by one or more contracts, as a unit or in parcels, at such time and place, by such method, in such manner and on such terms as the Bank may determine. To the extent permitted by applicable law, such sale or other disposition may be made without advertisement or notice of any kind or to any person. Where reasonable notification of the time or place of such sale or other disposition is required by law, such requirement shall have been met if such notice is telegraphed, cabled or mailed, postage prepaid, at least ten (10) days before the time of such sale or other disposition to each person entitled thereto at such person's address as specified in Section 16 below. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Bank or any other holder of the Obligations may buy any or all of the Pledged Securities upon any public or private sale thereof. To the extent permitted by applicable law, upon any such sale or sales, the Pledged Securities so purchased shall be held by the purchaser absolutely free from any claims or rights of whatsoever kind or nature, including any equity of redemption or any similar rights, all such equity of redemption and any similar rights being hereby expressly waived and released by the Pledgor to the extent permitted by applicable law. In the event any consent, approval or authorization of any governmental agency shall be necessary to effectuate any such sale or sales, the Pledgor shall execute, and hereby agrees to cause the issuer of any Pledged Securities to execute, as necessary, all applications or other instruments as may be required; provided that the foregoing shall not obligate the Pledgor to register the Pledged Securities under the Securities Act of 1933 or under the securities laws of any other applicable jurisdiction. After deducting all reasonable costs and expenses of collection, custody, sale or other disposition or delivery (including legal costs and reasonable 6 attorneys' fees) and all other charges due against the Pledged Securities (including any charges of the type described in Section 10 below), the residue of the proceeds of any such sale or other disposition shall be applied to the payment of the Obligations in the order of priorities as is determined at the time by the Bank, except as otherwise provided by applicable law or directed by any court purporting to have jurisdiction thereof, and any surplus shall be returned to the Pledgor, except as otherwise provided by law or such court. The Pledgor shall be liable for any deficiency in payment of the Obligations, including all costs and expenses of collection, custody, sale or other disposition or delivery and all other charges due against the Pledged Securities, as hereinbefore enumerated. As used in this Section 7, "applicable law" shall include, without limitation, any applicable laws of the jurisdiction of organization of the issuer of the Pledged Securities. The Pledgor recognizes that the Bank may be unable to effect a public sale of all or a part of the Pledged Securities by reason of certain prohibitions contained in the Securities Act of 1933 or the securities laws of any other applicable jurisdiction, but may be compelled to resort to one or more private sales to a restricted group of purchasers who will be obliged to agree, among other things, to acquire such Pledged Securities for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. The Pledgor agrees that private sales so made may be at a price and on other terms less favorable to the seller than if such Pledged Securities were sold at public sales, and that the Bank has no obligation to delay the sale of any such Pledged Securities for the period of time necessary to permit such Pledged Securities to be registered for public sale under the Securities Act of 1933 or the securities laws of any other applicable jurisdiction. The Pledgor agrees that sales made under the foregoing circumstances shall not be deemed to have been made in a commercially 7 unreasonable manner by virtue of any sale made on terms less favorable to the seller resulting from the private nature of the sale. Subject to the foregoing, the Bank agrees that any sale of the Pledged Securities made by the Bank shall be made in a commercially reasonable manner. 8. Transfer of Pledged Stock. The Pledgor hereby irrevocably appoints the Bank as agent to arrange for any and all transfers of the Pledged Securities as the Bank may from time to time deem advisable to assist the Bank in obtaining the benefit of its security interest therein after the occurrence of an Event of Default, including, but not limited to, the transfer of the Pledged Securities into the name of the Bank or its nominee at any time following the occurrence of an Event of Default, the foregoing appointment being deemed a power coupled with an interest. The right to vote the Pledged Securities is governed by Paragraph 5 of this Agreement. 9. Payment of Taxes, Charges, Etc. The Bank, at its option, may discharge any taxes, charges, assessments, security interests, liens or other encumbrances upon the Pledged Securities or otherwise protect the value thereof. All such expenditures incurred by the Bank shall become payable by the Pledgor to the Bank upon demand, shall bear interest at the rate applicable to the Loans. 10. Duties with Respect to Collateral. The Bank shall have no duty to the Pledgor with respect to the Pledged Securities other than the duty to use reasonable care in the safe custody of any Pledged Securities in its possession. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Bank, although it may do so at its option, shall be under no obligation to the Pledgor to take any steps necessary to preserve rights in the Pledged Securities against other parties. 8 11. Waivers. The Pledgor hereby waives demand, payment, notice of dishonor or protest and all other notices of any kind in connection with the Obligations except notices required by law or by this or any other agreement between the Pledgor and the Bank. Nothing herein shall modify or limit any right of the Bank to release, supersede, exchange or modify any other collateral security which it may from time to time hold and the Bank may release, surrender or modify the liability of any third party without giving notice hereunder to the Pledgor and any such modifications, changes, renewals, releases or other actions shall in no way affect the Pledgor's obligations hereunder. 12. Expenses. The Pledgor agrees to pay, indemnify and hold harmless the Bank and the nominees of the Bank from and against all costs and expenses (including taxes, if any) arising out of or incurred in connection with any transfer of Pledged Securities into or out of the name of the Bank's nominees and all costs and expenses of the Bank arising out of or incurred in connection with the exercise by the Bank of its rights hereunder; provided, however, the Debtor shall not be responsible for expenses arising out of or incurred as a result of willful misconduct by the Bank. 13. Statement as to Default. The Pledgor and the Bank agree that any written statement by an officer of the Bank asserting the occurrence of an Event of Default as the authorization for the exercise by the Bank of its rights hereunder shall be presumed to be true, and that any purchaser of the Pledged Securities at a foreclosure sale shall have the right to rely on such a statement. 14. Modification. This Agreement may not be modified or amended without the prior written consent of the parties hereto. 9 15. Notices. All notices shall be deemed to have been given when delivered in person, telefaxed to the number set forth below (with receipt acknowledged) or, if mailed, when actually received by the party to whom addressed. Such actual receipt shall be conclusively presumed if such notice shall be mailed by registered or certified mail, addressed to any party at its address set forth below or at any other address notified in writing to the other parties hereto, and if the sender shall have received back a return receipt, or if telefaxed to the number set forth below and receipt acknowledged. To the Bank: Fleet National Bank 75 State Street, 4th Floor Boston, Massachusetts 02109 Attention: Thomas W. Davies, III Vice President Fax: (617) 346-1633 With a copy to: H. David Henken, Esq. Goodwin, Procter & Hoar Exchange Place Boston, Massachusetts 02109-2881 Fax: (617) 523-1231 To the Debtor: PSINet Inc. 510 Huntmar Park Drive Herndon, VA 22070 Attention: President and David N. Kunkel, General Counsel Fax: (703) 904-4200 With a copy to: Nixon, Hargrave, Devans & Doyle, LLP 437 Madison Avenue New York, New York 10022 Attention: Richard F. Langan, Jr., Esq. Fax: (212) 940-3111 16. Rights. No course of dealing between the Pledgor and the Bank nor any delay in exercising, on the part of the Bank any right, power or privilege hereunder, shall operate 10 as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any rights, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies hereunder are cumulative and are in addition to, and not exclusive of, any rights or remedies provided by law, including, without limitation, the rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code. 17. Waiver of Subrogation. Pledgor hereby waives and releases any right of subrogation it may have against the Bank or the Pledged Securities by reason of any of the actions taken by the Bank hereunder, until all Obligations have been paid in full. 18. Binding Effect, Etc. This Agreement and the rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, except to the extent that the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of the issuer govern by virtue of such issuer's organization in such other jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns, including any other holder or holders of any Obligations and may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall together constitute one and the same agreement. 19. Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision hereof. 20. Foreign Law. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the Credit Agreement to the contrary, the Pledgor and the other Debtor make no representation or warranty as to the validity or enforceability of this Agreement under the laws of the jurisdiction of organization of the issuer of the Pledged Securities. 11 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Pledge Agreement as of the date first above written. PSINET INC. By: /s/ David N. Kunkel ---------------------------- Title: Sr VP & Gen Counsel FLEET NATIONAL BANK By: /s/ Thomas W. Davies ---------------------------- Title: Vice President By: /s/ William E. Rurode ---------------------------- Title: Senior Vice President 12 EXHIBIT A List of Pledged Securities Name of Entity Issuing Description of the Pledged Securities Pledged Securities ---------------------- ------------------ 1. EUNet GB Limited 500,000 shares, (a corporation organized under (pound)1.00 the laws of the United Kingdom) 2. PSINet Limited 2,000 shares of (a corporation organized under Common Stock, without the Canada Business Corporations Act) par value 13 EX-10.73 4 EX-10.73 AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO PLEDGE AGREEMENT This Amendment No. 1 to Pledge Agreement ("Agreement") made as of this 18th day of November 1996, between PSINet Inc., a New York corporation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "Pledgor"), and Fleet National Bank, a national banking association (the "Bank"). WHEREAS, the Pledgor and the Bank are parties to a Pledge Agreement dated as of October 1, 1996 (the "Pledge Agreement"); WHEREAS, Pledgor and the Bank desire to amend the Pledge Agreement as provided herein; NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows: 1. Capitalized terms used herein, unless otherwise defined herein, shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Pledge Agreement. 2. Exhibit A to the Pledge Agreement is hereby replaced in its entirety with Exhibit A attached hereto. 3. The Bank hereby acknowledges receipt of the Pledged Securities listed in Exhibit A. 4. Except as specifically provided herein, the Pledge Agreement remains in effect in accordance with its terms. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Amendment as of the date first above written. PSINET INC. By: /s/ William L. Schrader ------------------------------ Title: Chairman, President and CEO FLEET NATIONAL BANK By: /s/ Thomas W. Davies ------------------------------- Title: VP By: /s/ William E. Rurode ------------------------------ Title: Senior Vice President 2 EXHIBIT A List of Pledged Securities Name of Entity Issuing Description of the Pledged Securities Pledged Securities ---------------------- ------------------ 1. EUNet GB Limited 500,000 shares, (a corporation organized under (pound)1.00 the laws of the United Kingdom) 2. PSINet Limited 2,000 shares of (a corporation organized under Common Stock, without the Canada Business Corporations Act) par value 3. PSI Japan K.K. 200 shares, par value (a corporation organized under the laws 50,000 yen of Japan) 3 EX-10.74 5 EX-10.74 AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT AND AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CONVERTIBLE NOTE THIS AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO ASSET PURCHASE AGREEMENT AND AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO CONVERTIBLE NOTE (the "Amendment") is entered into as of January 24, 1997 by and between PSINET INC. ("Seller") and MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC. ("Buyer"). WHEREAS, Seller and Buyer are parties to that certain Asset Purchase Agreement dated June 28, 1996, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto dated June 28, 1996 and Amendment No. 2 thereto dated September 1, 1996 (as so amended, the "Purchase Agreement" and such Amendment No. 2, "Amendment No. 2"); and WHEREAS, as required by the Purchase Agreement, Buyer issued to Seller as of September 1, 1996 its Convertible Note due September 1, 1997 in the original principal amount of $9,929,000 (the "Second Note"); and WHEREAS, Seller and Buyer desire to amend the Purchase Agreement and the Second Note, all in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth; and WHEREAS, capitalized terms that are used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Purchase Agreement; NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows: 1. The first paragraph of Section 2.2 of the Purchase Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows: For and in consideration of the conveyances and assignments described in Section 2.1 and in addition to the assumption of liabilities as set forth in Section 2.4, Buyer agrees to pay to Seller, and Seller agrees to accept from Buyer, an aggregate purchase price (the "Purchase Price") equal to Twelve Million Nine Hundred Twenty Nine Thousand Dollars ($12,929,000). 2. Section 2.3 of the Purchase Agreement is hereby amended and restated to read as follows: (a) Buyer shall deliver to Seller at the First Closing the amount of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000.00) in immediately available funds (the "Cash Payment") and a fully executed copy of the First Note; (b) Buyer shall deliver to Seller at the Second Closing a fully executed copy of the Second Note. 3. The definition of "Second Note" in the Purchase Agreement is hereby amended by deleting all of the text of such definition following the phrase "Exhibit 2.3(b)". 4. Exhibit 2.3(b) attached to this Amendment shall be, for all purposes, Exhibit 2.3(b) of the Purchase Agreement. Upon execution of this Amendment, Buyer shall re-execute the Second Note in the form attached to this Amendment as Exhibit 2.3(b) and deliver the same to Seller, and, promptly thereafter, Seller shall return to Buyer the original Second Note, which shall be deemed amended and restated by such re-executed Second Note. 5. All references to $9,929,000, whether in words or numbers, in the Second Note and the Purchase Agreement are hereby amended, effective as of October 22, 1996, to read $3,078,324. 6. Buyer hereby consents to the pledge of the Second Note to Fleet Bank of Massachusetts or any other primary institutional lender of Seller, provided such pledge is permitted by applicable federal and state securities laws. 7. The parties acknowledge that the First Note has been paid in full, and that the First Note has been cancelled by Buyer. 8. The parties acknowledge that Buyer has satisfied its obligations under Section 3.4 of the Purchase Agreement. 9. The definitions of "Third Note," "Fourth Note" and "Fifth Note" and each reference thereto in the Purchase Agreement, are hereby deleted from the Purchase Agreement. 10. The Purchase Agreement and the Second Note are hereby ratified and confirmed and, except as expressly modified hereby, the Purchase Agreement shall continue unmodified and in full force and effect. 11. This Amendment may be executed in separate counterparts, none of which need contain the signatures of all parties, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and all of which taken together constitute one and the same instrument. It shall not be necessary in making proof of this Amendment to produce or account for more than the number of counterparts containing the respective signatures of, or on behalf of, all of the parties hereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has executed this Amendment, or has caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written. BUYER MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC. By: /s/ Charles M. Brewer (SEAL) -------------------------------- Name: Charles M. Brewer Title: Chairman & CEO SELLER PSINET INC. By: /s/ William L. Schrader (SEAL) -------------------------------- Name: William L. Schrader Title: President & CEO Exhibit 2.3(b) to the Amendment Agreement (Form of Promissory Note) has been omitted. The Company agrees to furnish this Exhibit supplementally to the Commission upon request. There were no other Exhibits to the Amendment Agreement. EX-10.75 6 EX-10.75 AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO NETWORK SERVICES AGREEMENT THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO NETWORK SERVICES AGREEMENT (the "Amendment") is entered into as of January 1, 1997 by and between PSINET, INC. ("PSINet") and MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC. ("MindSpring"). WHEREAS, PSINet and MindSpring are parties to that certain Network Services Agreement dated June 28, 1996, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto dated June 28, 1996 (as so amended, the "Services Agreement" ); and WHEREAS, Seller and Buyer desire to amend the Services Agreement in accordance with and subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth; and WHEREAS, capitalized terms that are used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Services Agreement; NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows: 1. A new Exhibit A-1 in the form of Exhibit A-1 attached to this Amendment is hereby added to the Services Agreement. 2. Section 2.1 and Section 2.3 of the Services Agreement are hereby amended to insert the words "and Exhibit A-1, as applicable," immediately after the words "Exhibit A." 3. Section 3 of the Services Agreement is hereby amended to add the following after the word "MindSpring" in subparagraph (a) thereof: "; provided that no such termination may become effective prior to October 31, 1998" and to delete the text appearing after the word "time" on line 2 of subparagraph (c) thereof through the end of such subparagraph and replace it with the following: "upon 60 days written notice to PSINet". 4. The Services Agreement is hereby ratified and confirmed and, except as expressly modified hereby, shall continue unmodified and in full force and effect. 5. This Amendment may be executed in separate counterparts, none of which need contain the signatures of all parties, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and all of which taken together constitute one and the same instrument. It shall not be necessary in making proof of this Amendment to produce or account for more than the number of counterparts containing the respective signatures of, or on behalf of, all of the parties hereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has executed this Amendment, or has caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered in its name on its behalf, all as of the day and year first above written. MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC. By: /s/ Charles M. Brewer ----------------------------- Name: Charles M. Brewer Title: Chairman & CEO PSINET, INC. By: /s/ William L. Schrader ----------------------------- Name: William L. Schrader Title: President & CEO Exhibit A-1 to the Amendment Agreement (Discounted Pricing Terms) has been omitted. The Company agrees to furnish this Exhibit supplementally to the Commission upon request. There were no other Exhibits to the Amendment Agreement. EX-10.76 7 EX-10-76 THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE. THIS NOTE MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, PLEDGED OR HYPOTHECATED WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COMPANY. MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC. Promissory Note $3,078,324.00 October 22, 1996 FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned, MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC., a Delaware corporation (herein called the "Company"), hereby promises to pay to PSINET, INC., a New York corporation, or registered assigns (hereinafter called the "Payee"), the principal sum of Three Million Seventy Eight Thousand Three Hundred Twenty Four Dollars ($3,078,324.00) (the "Principal", which shall be subject to increase or decrease as set forth below). All payments hereunder shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America, and shall be subject to the offset and deduction provisions described herein. Payment The Principal shall be payable in monthly installments on the last day of each calendar month (or, if such day is not a business day, on the next succeeding business day) as follows: (i) beginning on January 31, 1997, through and including June 30, 1997, principal in the amount of Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000) shall be payable; (ii) beginning on July 31, 1997, through and including December 31, 1997, principal in the amount of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000) shall be payable; (iii) beginning on January 31, 1998, through and including June 30, 1998, principal in the amount of One Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($150,000) shall be payable; (iv) beginning on July 31, 1998, through and including November 30, 1998, principal in the amount of Two Hundred Twenty Five Thousand Dollars ($225,000) shall be payable; and (v) on December 31, 1998, a final principal payment in the amount of One Hundred Fifty Three Thousand Three Hundred Twenty Four Dollars ($153,324) shall be payable. Late Charges If the entire amount of any principal payment is not paid in full within five (5) days after the date when due, the Company shall pay to the Payee a late fee equal to two percent (2%) of the amount not paid. Sale of Note This Note has not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act") or under the securities laws of any state. This Note may not be sold, transferred, pledged or hypothecated without the prior written consent of the Company. This Note shall be registered on books of the Company that shall be kept at its principal office for that purpose, and shall be transferable only on such books by the registered owner hereof in person or by duly authorized attorney upon surrender of this Note properly endorsed, and only in compliance with the next preceding paragraph hereof. Redemption The Company may redeem this Note in whole or in part at any time. Default In case of the failure to pay, when due, the principal or any other sum payable hereunder, and continuance of such failure for five (5) business days after the date on which such principal or other sum is due (whether upon maturity hereof, upon any installment payment date, upon any prepayment date, upon acceleration, or otherwise), the Payee may declare this Note to be due and payable in full. Miscellaneous Upon receipt by the Company of evidence satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Note, and (in case of loss, theft or destruction) of indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it, and upon reimbursement to the Company of all reasonable expenses incidental thereto, and upon surrender and cancellation of this Note, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Note of like tenor in the principal amount of this Note then outstanding in lieu of such Note. Any Note so made and delivered shall be dated as of the date to which principal has been paid on the Note lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated. 2 The Company shall have the right to offset and/or deduct, from time to time and at any time, any amounts of principal payable under this Note against Losses (as defined in the Asset Purchase Agreement by and between the Company and Payee, dated as of June 28, 1996 ("Purchase Agreement", which term shall include all amendments thereto)) asserted against, resulting to, imposed upon or incurred by the Company for which the Company has a right or claim for indemnification pursuant to Article 10 of the Purchase Agreement. The Company hereby waives presentment, demand, notice, protest and other demands and notices in connection with the delivery, acceptance or enforcement of this Note. No delay or omission on the part of the Payee in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver of such right or of any other right under this Note, and a waiver, delay or omission on any one occasion shall not be construed as a bar to or waiver of any such right on any future occasion. The Company hereby agrees to pay on demand all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and legal expenses, incurred or paid by Payee in enforcing this Note. The terms of this Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York (but not including the choice of law rules thereof). This Note shall not be valid or obligatory for any purpose until authenticated by the execution hereof by the Chairman, President or a Vice President of the Company and registered upon the books of the Company as hereinabove provided. 3 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC., a Delaware corporation, has caused this Note to be signed in its corporate name by its Chairman, President or a Vice President, by authority duly given, all as of the day and year first above written. MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC. By: /s/ Charles M. Brewer -------------------------- Title: Chairman & CEO 4 EX-10.77 8 EX-10.77 MASTER LEASE Dated as of January 27, 1997 LESSOR: CASCADE COMMUNICATIONS CORP. 5 Carlisle Road Westford, Massachusetts 01886-3500 Phone: (508) 692-2600 Fax: (508) 692-8695 Attn: Paul Blondin Chief Financial Officer LESSEE: PSINET INC. 510 Huntmar Park Drive Herndon, Virginia 20170 Federal I.D. No: 161353600 Phone: (703) 904-4100 Fax: (703) 904-4200 Attn: Edward D. Postal Chief Financial Officer 1. DEFINITIONS AND RULES OF CONSTRUCTION. Unless the context shall otherwise require, capitalized terms used herein, but not otherwise defined herein, shall have the respective meanings specified in Schedule A attached hereto and in any Lease Supplement executed and delivered by Lessor and Lessee pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof (a "Lease Supplement"), which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. 2. LEASE. (a) Lessee hereby agrees to lease from the Lessor, and Lessor, by acceptance of this Master Lease agrees to lease to Lessee, subject to Section 2A below, up to $5,000,000 in wide area network switch equipment for use in the United States of America, pursuant to the terms hereof, in each case as specified as a Set of Equipment pursuant to the related Lease Supplement. Lessee agrees that it shall, pursuant to the terms hereof, comply with all of the terms and conditions herein and in any Lease Supplement. (b) This Master Lease sets forth the terms and conditions that govern the lease by Lessor to Lessee of Sets of Equipment specified on Lease Supplements executed and delivered by Lessor and Lessee from time to time, a form of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 1. Each Lease Supplement incorporates by reference this Master Lease and specifies (i) a Primary Term of thirty-six (36) months; (ii) the invoice cost of the related Set of Equipment, the cost of the Extended Warranty for the related Set of Equipment, any other costs agreed by Lessor and Lessee to be capitalized and the sales or use taxes thereon (in the aggregate, the "Total Invoice Cost"); (iii) the ten percent (10%) capitalized cost-reduction payment payable by Lessee with respect to the Total Invoice Cost of the related Set of Equipment (Total Invoice Cost minus such ten percent, defined herein as the "Capitalized Lessor's Cost"); (iv) the amount of Basic Rent payable thereunder for each month of Lessor (principal to be calculated based on 1/36th of the Capitalized Lessor's Cost of the related Set of Equipment, and interest on the outstanding principal balance at the rate of eleven percent (11%) per annum); and (v) the Basic Rent Payment Dates on which Basic Rent is due. By the execution and delivery of any Lease Supplement, Lessee agrees to and accepts the terms and conditions of this Master Lease. In the event of a conflict between the provisions of a Lease Supplement and any of the provisions of this Master Lease, the provisions of the Lease Supplement shall govern, but only with respect to the Lease of the Set of Equipment listed on such Lease Supplement. References to "the Lease" or "a Lease" shall mean one or more applicable Lease Supplements, as the case may be, incorporating by reference this Master Lease. Each Lease Supplement constitutes a separate and independent Lease. 2A. LEASE FACILITY. (a) Lessor's agreement to provide up to $5,000,000 in lease financing (the "Lease Facility") shall terminate on September 30, 1997 and shall be subject, with -2- respect to each draw-down under such Lease Facility pursuant to a Lease Supplement (a "Closing"), to the conditions specified below in this Section 2A. (b) The obligation of Lessor to make advances under the Lease Facility pursuant to a Lease Supplement at a Closing is subject to the satisfaction of all of the following conditions: (i) Lessor shall have received (A) the Lease Supplement for the Set of Equipment to be leased at such Closing and (B) all of the other related Lease Documents (collectively, with the foregoing, the "Closing Documents"), duly executed and delivered by all parties thereto, and all actions contemplated by the foregoing documents shall have been accomplished to the satisfaction of Lessor and its counsel. (ii) All warranties and representations of Lessee in the Closing Documents shall be true and accurate on the date of such Closing as if then given, and there shall be no Default or Event of Default under this Lease or any Closing Document. (iii) Lessor shall have received certificates of Lessee, dated as of the Closing date, in form and content satisfactory to Lessor, stating the substance of the foregoing Section 2A(b)(ii) and attaching such organizational documents as Lessor may request. (iv) Lessor shall be satisfied with the results of UCC and other lien searches against Lessee. (v) Lessor shall have received and be satisfied with insurance binders or certificates of insurance coverage maintained by Lessee and naming Lessor as loss payee and/or additional insured. (vi) There shall be no material adverse change, in the good faith judgment of Lessor, in Lessee's (i) financial condition as reflected in the then current financial statements required to be delivered by Lessee hereunder, relative to such statements as were delivered by Lessee in connection with any prior Closing or as of the date hereof or (ii) results of operations, business conditions, prospects or properties, relative to Lessee's results of operations, business conditions, prospects or properties as of the date of any prior Closing or as of the date hereof. (vii) Lessor shall have received all other documents, financial statements and assurances required hereunder or that it may reasonably request in connection with the transactions contemplated for such Closing, and such documents shall be certified, when appropriate, by the proper authorities or corporate officers. All such documents and all proceedings to be taken in connection with such transactions shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to Lessor and its counsel. -3- (viii) All legal matters incident to the Closing Documents shall be reasonably satisfactory to Lessor's counsel, and Lessor shall have received at the Closing the legal opinion of counsel to Lessee (which counsel must be reasonably satisfactory to Lessor), in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Lessor and its counsel. No waiver of the above conditions precedent shall be enforceable against Lessor unless made in writing and signed by an officer thereof. 3. TERM AND RENT; OBLIGATIONS UNCONDITIONAL. (a) Each Set of Equipment is leased for the Interim Term and the Primary Term, unless and until the Term of such Lease shall sooner expire pursuant to the terms hereof. Each Interim Term shall commence on the date of acceptance of such Set of Equipment as evidenced by Lessee's execution and delivery of a Lease Supplement and shall expire at midnight on the date that is one calendar day prior to the related Primary Term Commencement Date. Each Primary Term shall commence at 12:01 a.m. and expire at midnight on the dates set forth in the related Lease Supplement as the "Primary Term Commencement Date" and the "Primary Term Expiration Date," respectively. (b) For each Lease Supplement, Lessee shall pay to Lessor or an agent designated by Lessor or any Transferee in writing, in lawful money of the United States, (i) as fixed rent for the related Set of Equipment during the Interim Term, the Basic Rent Per Day multiplied by number of calendar days (full or partial) in the Interim Term on the first Basic Rent Payment Date and (ii) as fixed rent for the Equipment during the Primary Term, the Basic Rent Per Month on each Basic Rent Payment Date; provided, however, that if the first Basic Rent Payment Date is also the Primary Term Commencement Date, Lessee shall pay all Basic Rent Per Day and the first installment of Basic Rent Per Month on the date that the Lessee delivers the applicable Lease Supplement. All payments of Basic Rent shall be made by wire transfer to Lessor's account as set forth in Schedule B attached hereto, which is hereby incorporated by reference, or at such other address or to such other Person and in such other manner as Lessor, from time to time, may designate. Each payment of Basic Rent shall be apportioned between the interest and the principal for the related Set of Equipment in accordance with the economic accrual method. (c) Lessee shall also pay to Lessor or an agent designated by Lessor or any Transferee in writing, in lawful money of the United States, all Supplemental Rent. Supplemental Rent shall be paid when due or on demand if there is no due date therefor. If Lessee shall fail to pay any Basic Rent or Supplemental Rent, Lessor shall have the right to pay the same and shall have all rights, powers and remedies for reimbursement from Lessee with respect thereto as are provided herein (including, without limitation, Sections 14 and 15 hereof) or by Law in the case of non-payment of Basic Rent. Lessee shall also pay to Lessor a Late Fee on all overdue Rent from the due date thereof until paid. Lessee shall perform all of its obligations under this Lease at its sole cost and expense, and shall pay all Rent when due, without further notice or demand. (d) Each Lease under this Master Lease is a net lease and Lessee acknowledges and agrees that Lessee's obligation to pay all Rent and other sums payable under the Lease Documents, and the rights of Lessor in and to such payments, shall be absolute and -4- unconditional and shall not be subject to any abatement, reduction, setoff, defense, counterclaim or recoupment due to or alleged to be due to, or by reason of, any past, present or future claims that Lessee may have against Lessor, any Transferee, or any Person for any reason whatsoever, except as provided in the terms of the Extended Warranty with respect to a discrete Set of Equipment. 4. PERSONAL PROPERTY; SECURITY INTEREST AND LIENS. (a) Lessee covenants and agrees that the Equipment is, and shall at all times be and remain, personal and movable property. If requested by Lessor, Lessee shall obtain prior to delivery of any item of Equipment or at any other time reasonably requested by Lessor, a certificate in form satisfactory to Lessor from all parties with a real property interest in the premises where the Equipment may be located waiving any claim with respect to the Equipment. (b) During the Term of any Lease and until (i) Lessee acquires the Equipment pursuant to Section 19 hereof or (ii) Lessee returns the Equipment to Lessor in compliance with Section 17 hereof, Lessor shall retain title to such Equipment; provided, however, that Lessee and Lessor acknowledge that transactions documented hereunder shall not constitute a "lease" or a "true lease," and instead shall constitute a "lease intended as security," or "security interest," as the case may be, under Applicable Law (including under Section 1-201(37) of the UCC). In furtherance thereof, in order to secure the prompt payment and performance as and when due of all of Lessee's obligations under the Lease Documents, Lessee hereby grants to Lessor a first priority security interest in and to (A) the Equipment leased under the Lease Documents and all replacements, substitutions, accessions thereto and (B) proceeds (cash and non-cash) thereof, including the proceeds of all insurance policies on the Equipment (collectively, the "Collateral"). Lessee agrees that, with respect to the Collateral, Lessor shall have all of the rights and remedies of a first priority secured party under the UCC. Without the prior written consent of Lessor, Lessee may not sell, lease or otherwise dispose of any of the Collateral, or attempt, offer, or contract to do so, except to the extent expressly provided herein. (c) At any time and from time to time, upon the written request of Lessor, and at the sole expense of Lessee, Lessee will promptly and duly execute and deliver such further instruments and documents and take such further action as Lessor may reasonably request for the purpose of obtaining or preserving the full benefits of the Lease Documents and of the rights and powers therein granted, including, without limitation, the filing of any financing or continuation statements under the Uniform Commercial Code in effect in any jurisdiction with respect to the security interests and liens created hereby. Lessee also hereby authorizes Lessor to file any such financing or continuation statement without the signature of Lessee to the extent permitted by Applicable Law. A carbon, photographic or other reproduction of this Lease shall be sufficient as a financing statement for filing in any jurisdiction to the extent permitted under Applicable Law. If any amount payable under or in connection with any of the Collateral shall be or become evidenced by any instrument or chattel paper, such instrument or chattel paper shall be immediately delivered to Lessor, duly endorsed in a manner satisfactory to Lessor, to be held as Collateral pursuant to this Master Lease. (d) Lessee will keep and maintain at its own cost and expense satisfactory and complete records of the Collateral. For Lessor's further security, Lessee hereby grants to Lessor a security interest in all of Lessee's books and records pertaining to the Collateral, and upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Lessee shall turn over any such -5- books and records to Lessor or to its representatives during normal business hours at the request of Lessor; provided that Lessee may make a photocopy of such books and records. (e) Lessor and its representatives shall at all times have full and free access during normal business hours, and upon reasonable prior notice and without unreasonable interference, to all the books of record and accounts of Lessee pertaining to the Collateral, and Lessor or its representatives may examine the same, take extracts therefrom and make photocopies thereof, and Lessee agrees to render to Lessor, at Lessee's cost and expense, such clerical and other assistance as may be reasonably requested with regard thereto. Lessor and its representatives shall at all times also have the right during normal business hours, and upon reasonable prior notice, to enter into and upon any premises where any of the Collateral is located for the purpose of inspecting the same or otherwise protecting its interests therein, excepting such customer premises where Equipment may be located. (f) Lessee shall not directly or indirectly create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien on or with respect to any of the Collateral, title thereto or any interest therein, except Permitted Liens. Lessee shall notify Lessor immediately in writing upon receipt of notice of any Lien affecting the Collateral in whole or in part, and shall, at its own cost and expense, defend Lessor's title therein and Lessor's first priority security interest with respect thereto against all Persons holding or claiming to hold such a Lien on the Collateral; and any losses, expenses or costs suffered by Lessor as a result thereof shall be covered by the Lessee's indemnity in Section 18 hereof. (g) Lessee shall not move any Collateral or permit any Collateral to be moved from the address set forth in the related Lease Supplement without Lessor's prior written consent; provided, however, that in no event shall any Collateral be moved to any location outside the United States of America or to any jurisdiction within the United States of America that has not adopted the UCC. (h) Lessee will furnish to Lessor monthly statements and schedules further identifying and describing the Collateral and such other reports in connection with the Collateral as Lessor may reasonably request, all in reasonable detail. (i) Upon payment in full by Lessee of all Rent due or to become due hereunder and the discharge by Lessee of all of its other obligations hereunder and under the other Lease Documents, Lessor's security interest in the Collateral shall terminate, and Lessor agrees to comply with any reasonable request of Lessee to effect such termination, including without limitation, filing termination statements under the UCC. The Collateral secures only the obligations of Lessee under the Lease Documents, and not any other obligations of Lessee to Lessor whether now existing or hereafter created, except as Lessee may hereafter agree in writing. 4A. LESSOR'S APPOINTMENT AS ATTORNEY-IN-FACT. (a) Lessee hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints Lessor and any officer or agent thereof, with full power of substitution, as its true and lawful attorney-in-fact with full irrevocable power and authority in the place and stead of Lessee and in the name of Lessee or in its own name, from time to time in Lessor's discretion, for the purpose of carrying out the terms of any Lease, to take any and all appropriate action and to execute any and all instruments which may be necessary or desirable -6- to accomplish the purposes of Sections 4(b) or 4(c) of this Master Lease, and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Lessee hereby gives Lessor the power and right, on behalf of Lessee, without notice to or assent by Lessee, to do the following: (i) to pay or discharge taxes and Liens levied or placed on or threatened against the Collateral, all as contemplated by Section 15 hereof; and (ii) upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, (A) to direct any party liable for any payment under any of the Collateral to make payment of any and all moneys due or to become due thereunder directly to Lessor or as Lessor shall direct; (B) to ask or demand for, collect, receive payment of and receipt for, any and all moneys, claims and other amounts due or to become due at any time in respect of or arising out of any Collateral; (C) to sign and endorse any invoices, freight or express bills, bills of lading, storage or warehouse receipts, drafts against debtors, assignments, verifications, notices and other documents in connection with any of the Collateral; (D) to commence and prosecute any suits, actions or proceedings at law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction to collect the Collateral or any thereof and to enforce any other right in respect of any Collateral; (E) to defend any suit, action or proceeding brought against Lessee with respect to any Collateral; (F) to settle, compromise or adjust any suit, action or proceeding described in clause (D) or (E) above and, in connection therewith, to give such discharges or releases as Lessor may deem appropriate; and (G) generally, to sell, transfer, pledge and make any agreement with respect to or otherwise deal with any of the Collateral as fully and completely as though Lessor were the absolute owner thereof for all purposes, and to do, at Lessor's option and Lessee's expense, at any time, or from time to time, all acts and things which Lessor deems necessary or appropriate to protect, preserve or realize upon the Collateral and Lessor's liens thereon and to effect the intent of the Lease Documents, all as fully and effectively as Lessee might do. At the reasonable request of Lessor, Lessee shall deliver to Lessor, one or more further documents ratifying any and all actions that said attorneys shall lawfully take or do or cause to be taken or done by virtue hereof. This power of attorney is a power coupled with an interest and shall be irrevocable. (b) Lessee also authorizes Lessor, at any time and from time to time, to execute, in connection with the sales provided for in Section 16(b) hereof, any endorsements, assignments or other instruments of conveyance or transfer with respect to the Collateral. (c) The powers conferred on Lessor hereunder are solely to protect Lessor's interests in the Collateral and shall not impose any duty upon it to exercise any such powers. Lessor shall be accountable only for amounts that it actually receives as a result of the exercise of such powers, and neither it nor any of its officers, directors, employees or agents shall be -7- liable or responsible to Lessee for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for its own gross negligence or willful misconduct. (d) Lessor's sole duty with respect to the custody, safekeeping and physical preservation of the Collateral in its possession, under Section 9-207 of the Code or otherwise, shall be to exercise reasonable care. (e) All authorizations and agencies herein contained with respect to the Collateral are irrevocable and powers coupled with an interest. 5. INSTALLATION, DEINSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR. At all times during the Term of any Lease, and except as provided in the terms of the Extended Warranty for a Set of Equipment, Lessee shall be solely responsible, at its own expense, for the delivery, installation, maintenance, repair, use, possession, operation, storage, deinstallation, and shipping of the Equipment by a party reasonably acceptable to Lessor, and shall keep the Equipment in good repair and condition and in working order, and shall furnish any and all parts, mechanisms and devices required to keep the Equipment in good repair and condition and in working order, all at the expense of Lessee. Lessee shall not make any alterations or additions to the Equipment without the prior written consent of Lessor, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. All parts furnished and all additions made to, and all substitutions and replacements for, the Equipment shall immediately upon the installation thereof be deemed part of the Equipment and become the property of Lessor subject to the terms of this Lease. Lessor shall be entitled to inspect the Equipment at the location thereof during normal business hours. 6. USE. Lessee shall use the Equipment in a careful and proper manner and shall comply with and conform to all Applicable Laws and insurance and/or maintenance requirements. Lessee shall not use the Equipment for any purpose other than that for which it was designed. 7. QUIET ENJOYMENT. So long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under any Lease Document and subject to the terms and conditions hereof, Lessor warrants peaceful and quiet use and enjoyment of the Equipment by Lessee against acts of Lessor. 8. DISCLAIMER AND WAIVER OF WARRANTIES, LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. LESSOR'S WARRANTY FOR ANY SET OF EQUIPMENT SHALL BE AS CONTAINED IN THE TERMS OF THE EXTENDED WARRANTY THEREFOR, AS ATTACHED TO THE RELATED LEASE SUPPLEMENT, AND LESSOR HAS NOT MADE, AND HEREBY DISCLAIMS, LIABILITY FOR, AND LESSEE HEREBY WAIVES ALL RIGHTS AGAINST LESSOR RELATING TO, ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES, GUARANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS OR OBLIGATIONS OF ANY KIND WITH RESPECT THERETO, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR ARISING BY APPLICABLE LAW OR OTHERWISE, NOT EXPRESSLY INCLUDED IN SUCH EXTENDED WARRANTY, INCLUDING (A) ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, GUARANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS OR OBLIGATIONS OF, ARISING FROM OR IN (1) MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE, (2) COURSE OF PERFORMANCE, COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE, (3) QUALITY OF WORKMANSHIP OR (4) TORT (WHETHER OR NOT ARISING FROM THE -8- ACTUAL, IMPLIED OR IMPUTED NEGLIGENCE OF LESSOR OR STRICT LIABILITY) OR UNDER THE UCC OR OTHER APPLICABLE LAW WITH RESPECT TO THE EQUIPMENT, INCLUDING TITLE THERETO (INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF GOOD OR MARKETABLE TITLE OR FREEDOM FROM LIENS), FREEDOM FROM TRADEMARK, PATENT OR COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT, LATENT DEFECTS (WHETHER OR NOT DISCOVERABLE), CONDITION, MANUFACTURE, DESIGN, SERVICING OR COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW AND (B) ALL OBLIGATIONS, LIABILITY, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES, HOWSOEVER ARISING UNDER ANY APPLICABLE LAW WITH RESPECT TO THE MATTERS WAIVED AND DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING FOR LOSS OF USE, REVENUE OR PROFIT WITH RESPECT TO THE EQUIPMENT, OR ANY LIABILITY OF LESSEE OR LESSOR TO ANY THIRD PARTY, OR ANY OTHER DIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (AS SUCH TERMS ARE USED IN SECTION 2-719(3) OF THE UCC, OR OTHER APPLICABLE LAW); all such risks, as between Lessor and Lessee, are to be borne by Lessee. The Equipment is not to be used, and is not being acquired hereby, for use in any respect for Lessee's or any other Person's personal or family purposes and, as such, the Equipment does not constitute "consumer goods" as such term is defined under Applicable Law. Lessor's agreement to enter into this Master Lease and each Lease hereunder is in reliance upon the freedom from liability or responsibility for the matters waived and disclaimed herein. THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 8 HAVE BEEN NEGOTIATED BY LESSOR AND LESSEE AND, EXCEPT FOR THE EXPRESS WARRANTY MADE BY LESSOR IN SECTION 7 HEREOF OR IN ANY EXTENDED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO A SET OF EQUIPMENT, ARE INTENDED TO CONSTITUTE A COMPLETE EXCLUSION AND NEGATION OF ANY REPRESENTATIONS, GUARANTIES, OBLIGATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF LESSOR, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE EQUIPMENT AND THE RIGHTS, TITLE AND INTEREST BEING CONVEYED HEREIN WITH RESPECT THERETO THAT MAY ARISE PURSUANT TO ANY APPLICABLE LAW NOW OR HEREAFTER IN EFFECT. (LESSEE'S INITIALS /s/EP ). 9. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. Lessee represents and warrants for the benefit of Lessor: (a) Lessee is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in all jurisdictions in which the nature of its business or the ownership or lease of its properties so requires and where the failure to so qualify would have a materially adverse effect on Lessee or Lessor's interest in the Collateral and Lessee has adequate corporate power to enter into and perform this Master Lease, each Lease hereunder and the other transactions contemplated by the Lease Documents. (b) This Master Lease and the other Lease Documents have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Lessee and constitute valid, legal and binding agreements of Lessee, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms. (c) The entering into and performance of this Master Lease and the other Lease Documents by Lessee will not violate any Applicable Law or any provision of Lessee's charter or bylaws or result in any breach of, or constitute a default under, or result in the creation of any Lien upon any assets of Lessee or on the Collateral pursuant to, any instrument or Applicable Law to which Lessee is a party or by which it or its assets may be bound. -9- (d) There are no pending or threatened actions or proceedings to which Lessee is a party, or otherwise affecting Lessee, before any Government Authority, which, either individually or in the aggregate, would materially, adversely affect the financial condition of Lessee, or the ability of Lessee to perform its obligations under, or comply with the terms of, the Lease Documents. (e) Lessee is not in default under any obligation for the payment of borrowed money, for the deferred purchase price of property or for the payment of any rent under any lease agreement which, either individually or in the aggregate, would materially, adversely affect the financial condition of Lessee, or the ability of Lessee to perform its obligations under, or comply with the terms of, the Lease Documents. (f) No consent, approval or other authorization of or by any Governmental Authority is required in connection with the execution, delivery or performance by Lessee of, or the consummation by Lessee of the transactions contemplated by, the Lease Documents. (g) The financial statements of Lessee that have been provided to Lessor have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, and fairly present Lessee's financial condition and the results of its operations as of the date of and for the period covered by such statements, and since the date of such statements there has been no material adverse change in such conditions or operations. (h) The address of Lessee as set forth on the cover page hereof is the chief place of business and chief executive office (which terms shall have the meanings ascribed therefor in Article 9 of the UCC) of Lessee; and Lessee does not conduct business under any trade, assumed or fictitious name. (i) With respect to the Collateral, no filing, recordation or registration of any Financing Statement or other document or instrument was or is necessary in order to cause Lessor to have good, valid and enforceable title with respect thereto and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, upon the last to occur of (1) Lessor's delivery F.O.B. Westford, Massachusetts, of any item of Equipment to Lessee and (2) the filing of a Financing Statement in the State Filing Office, County Filing Office and, if applicable, the Fixture Filing Office (naming Lessee as debtor and Lessor as secured party and describing the Collateral), Lessor will have a valid perfected security interest in the Collateral pursuant to the UCC and other Applicable Law to the extent Lessor is not the owner of such Collateral. (k) Lessee has obtained all Permits necessary to possess and use the Equipment in compliance with and as contemplated by the Lease Documents. (l) If requested by Lessor, Lessee will provide an opinion of counsel and other supporting documents to the foregoing effect and with respect to such other legal matters as Lessor may reasonably request. -10- 10. COVENANTS OF LESSEE. Lessee covenants and agrees as follows: (a) Lessee will, if requested by Lessor, furnish Lessor (i) within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of each fiscal year of Lessee, a balance sheet of Lessee as at the end of such year, and the related statements of operations and retained earnings and cash flows of Lessee for such fiscal year, prepared in accordance with GAAP, all in reasonable detail and certified by independent certified public accountants of recognized standing selected by Lessee; (ii) within sixty (60) days after the end of each quarter of Lessee's fiscal year a balance sheet of Lessee as at the end of such quarter, and the related statement of operations and retained earnings and cash flows of Lessee for such quarter, prepared in accordance with GAAP; and (iii) within thirty (30) days after the date on which they are filed, all regular periodic reports, forms and other filings required to be made by Lessee to the Securities and Exchange Commission, if any. (b) Lessee shall provide written notice to Lessor: (i) thirty (30) days prior to any contemplated change in the name or address of Lessee; (ii) promptly upon the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default; (iii) promptly of the commencement of proceedings under Federal bankruptcy laws or any other insolvency laws (as now or hereafter in effect) involving Lessee or any Person (other than Lessor) holding an interest in the Equipment or related property as the debtor; (iv) promptly upon Lessee becoming aware of (1) any alleged violation of Applicable Law, or (2) any threatened or actual suspension, revocation or rescission of any Permit necessary for Lessee to be in compliance with the terms hereof; and (v) promptly after any of the Equipment is moved from the location of Lessee set forth on the respective Lease Supplement or becomes lost, stolen, destroyed, materially damaged or worn out. (c) Lessee shall not attach or incorporate any Equipment to or in any other item of equipment or any realty in such a manner that such Collateral may be deemed to have become an accession to or a part of such other item of equipment or realty. (d) Lessee shall cause each principal item of the Equipment to be marked at all times, in a plain, distinct and legible manner, with the name of Lessor or its designee followed by the words "Lessor and Secured Party," or other appropriate words designated by Lessor. 11. ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER. (a) WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF LESSOR, LESSEE WILL NOT ASSIGN ANY OF ITS RIGHTS NOR DELEGATE ANY OF ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER ANY LEASE DOCUMENT, SUBLET THE EQUIPMENT OR OTHERWISE PERMIT THE EQUIPMENT TO BE OPERATED OR USED BY, OR TO COME INTO OR REMAIN IN THE POSSESSION OF, ANY PERSON BUT LESSEE; provided, that Lessee may permit its customers to possess Equipment if such customers have executed an agreement that provides that such customers' interest in such Equipment may be subject to the interests of Lessee's creditors; and provided, further, however that, for purposes hereof, any merger or combination of Lessee and a third party shall be deemed an assignment of this Lease. No assignment or sublease, whether authorized in this Section 11 or in violation of the terms hereof, shall relieve Lessee of its obligations hereunder and Lessee shall remain primarily liable hereunder. (b) Lessor and any subsequent Transferee may transfer any or all of their respective rights, obligations, title and/or interest in this Master Lease or in any Lease hereunder to one or -11- more other Transferees. Lessor shall give prompt written notice to Lessee of such a Transfer, including the name(s) and address(es) of the Transferee(s) pursuant to such Transfer. Lessee hereby acknowledges and agrees that in the event Lessor or such other Transferee has transferred its economic interest in this Master Lease or in any Lease hereunder (i) no Transferee(s) shall be obligated to perform any duty, covenant or condition required to be performed by the Lessor under the terms of the Lease Documents (other than the covenant of quiet enjoyment specified in Section 7 hereof), (ii) all notices or other communications shall be given to, and made by, Lessor or its designee and (iii) Lessor or such Transferee (as applicable to the particular situation) shall remain liable as "Lessor" hereunder. (c) LESSEE HEREBY WAIVES AS AGAINST ANY TRANSFEREE(S) (THAT HAVE GIVEN VALUE FOR SUCH TRANSFER) OF LESSOR, ITS SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS, ANY CLAIM OR DEFENSE THAT LESSEE MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE AS AGAINST LESSOR, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF THE LEASE DOCUMENTS, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR OTHERWISE. 12. INSURANCE. At all times during the Term of any Lease, Lessee, at its own expense, shall maintain insurance on each item of the Equipment against all risks and in such amounts as Lessor shall reasonably require (but not less than the Stipulated Loss Value of such item) with carriers acceptable to Lessor, and shall maintain a loss payable endorsement in favor of Lessor and its successors and assigns affording to Lessor and its successors and assigns such additional protection as Lessor and its successors and assignees shall reasonably require (such as a breach of Lessee's warranty clause), and Lessee shall maintain public liability and property damage insurance with respect to each item of Equipment in amounts reasonably satisfactory to Lessor for both personal and property damage. Lessee shall be liable for any deductibles contained in such insurance policies. All such insurance policies shall name Lessor and its successors and Transferees as insureds and shall provide that all amounts payable by reason of loss, theft or damage to the Equipment shall be payable only to Lessor or its designees and that such policies may not be cancelled or altered without at least 30 days' prior written notice to Lessor or its successors and Transferees. The Lessee shall furnish the Lessor with certificates or other satisfactory evidence of the maintenance of the insurance required hereunder. 13. LOSS AND DAMAGE. Lessee hereby assumes and shall bear the entire risk of loss, damage, theft or destruction, partial or complete, whether or not insured against, of the Equipment from any and every cause whatsoever from the date of delivery of the Equipment to Lessee. No loss, damage, theft or destruction of the Equipment or any part thereof shall relieve Lessee of any obligation under the respective Lease, which shall continue in full force and effect. In the event of loss or damage of any kind to any item of Equipment, Lessee shall promptly notify Lessor of such event and, at Lessor's option, Lessee shall, at its own cost and expense, (i) use all reasonable efforts to place the same in good repair, condition and working order to the satisfaction of Lessor within 30 days of such loss or damage unless Lessor shall determine that such item has been irreparably damaged, in which case Lessor may elect to shorten or terminate said 30-day period, or (ii) replace such Equipment with like equipment in good repair, condition and working order and, upon prior written notice to Lessor, cause such replacement equipment to be delivered to and installed at a location otherwise permitted under the Lease Documents and give clear title thereto by appropriate instrument to Lessor, which replacement equipment shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Lease Documents, including, without limitation, Section 4(b) hereof. In the event Lessee has fully complied to -12- Lessor's reasonable satisfaction with the requirements of the previous sentence, Lessor shall return to Lessee (without interest) the insurance proceeds, if any, paid to Lessor as a result of such loss or damage under the insurance policies required pursuant to Section 12 hereof. In the event that any item of Equipment shall become subject to a Total Loss, Lessee shall inform the Lessor in writing in regard thereto within thirty (30) days after such Total Loss and Lessee shall pay to Lessor, in cash, an amount equal to the Stipulated Loss Value thereof as the case may be; provided, however, that such amount shall be reduced if and to the extent that Lessor or any Transferee has received proceeds from the insurance required to be maintained by Lessee pursuant to Section 12 as a result of such Total Loss, and Lessor agrees that if such insurance proceeds are paid to Lessor and (A) such proceeds equal or exceed the Stipulated Loss Value payment then due or (B) if Lessee has already paid the Stipulated Loss Value payment then due in full, Lessor shall reimburse Lessee the amount of proceeds thereof in excess of the Stipulated Loss Value payment then paid by Lessee or such insurer, as the case may be. Upon Lessor's reasonable satisfaction that any Stipulated Loss Value payment or portion thereof shall be paid by an insurer to Lessor, Lessor shall not require Lessee to pay such amount before sixty (60) days after such Total Loss. Where a single amount for the payment of Basic Rent is set forth on the cover page hereof for more than one item of Equipment, and less than all such items are subject to a Total Loss, such Basic Rent shall be apportioned among such items in accordance with their original list prices, and the Stipulated Loss Value shall be based on such apportioned Basic Rent. Upon such payment of Stipulated Loss Value for any item(s) hereunder, this Lease shall terminate with respect to such items(s) and Basic Rent shall thereafter abate proportionately. 14. TAXES AND FEES. (a) To the extent permitted by Law, Lessee shall file any necessary reports and returns for, shall pay promptly when due, shall otherwise be liable to reimburse Lessor or any Transferee (on an after-tax basis) for, and agrees to indemnify and hold Lessor or such Transferee harmless from, all Impositions. (b) If any report, return or property listing relating to any Imposition is, by Law, required to be filed by, assessed or billed to or paid by, Lessor, Lessee will do all things required to be done by Lessor (to the extent permitted by Law) in connection therewith and, subject to Section 18 hereof, is hereby authorized by Lessor to act on behalf of Lessor in all respects in relation thereto, including the contest or protest, in good faith and by appropriate proceedings, of the validity of any Imposition, or the amount thereof. Lessor agrees fully to cooperate with Lessee in any such contest, and Lessee agrees promptly to indemnify Lessor for all reasonable expenses incurred by Lessor in the course of such cooperation. An Imposition or claim therefor shall be paid by Lessee, subject to refund proceedings, if failure to pay would adversely affect the title or rights of Lessor in the Equipment or otherwise under the Lease Documents. Provided that no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is then continuing, if Lessor obtains a refund of any Imposition that has been paid (by Lessee, or by Lessor and for which Lessor has been fully reimbursed by Lessee), Lessor shall promptly pay to Lessee the amount of such refund actually received. Lessee shall cause all billings of such charges to Lessor to be made to Lessor in care of Lessee and shall, in preparing any report or return required by Law, show the ownership of the Equipment in Lessee, and shall send a copy of any such report or return to Lessor. If Lessee fails to pay any such charges when due, except any Imposition being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings (as above provided) for a reasonable period of time, Lessor at its option may do so pursuant to Section 15, in which -13- event the amount so paid shall be payable by Lessee as Supplemental Rent as provided in Section 15. (c) The provisions of this Section 14 shall not apply to any Impositions (i) imposed as a result of any transfer or disposition by Lessor, if such transfer or disposition was voluntary or involuntarily imposed on Lessor as a result of an act or omission of Lessor, of all or any portion of its interest in the Equipment pursuant to Section 11 hereof; (ii) that Lessee is contesting in good faith, by appropriate proceedings and as otherwise permitted pursuant to the provisions of the Lease Documents until the conclusion of such contest; except that Lessee's right to contest any Imposition is conditioned upon the existence of such Imposition during any such contest not causing any material danger, as determined by Lessor in its sole discretion, of the sale, forfeiture or loss of the Equipment; or (iii) imposed on Lessor that are based on or measured by Lessor's gross or net income (including capital gains taxes, income taxes collected by withholding and taxes on tax preference items), except for (1) Lessee's obligation to pay indemnities and reimbursements on an "after-tax basis" and (2) as otherwise expressly provided herein. 15. LESSEE'S FAILURE TO PAY TAXES, INSURANCE, ETC. Should Lessee fail to make any Imposition, insurance or other payment or do any act required to be performed by Lessee as provided in the Lease Documents, Lessor shall have the right, but not the obligation and without releasing Lessee from any obligation under the Lease Documents, to make or do the same, and to pay, purchase, contest or compromise any Imposition that in the judgment of Lessor appears to affect the Collateral, and, in exercising any such rights, incur any liability and expend whatever amounts in its reasonable discretion Lessor may deem necessary or appropriate therefor. All sums so incurred or expended by Lessor (including any penalty incurred as a result of Lessee's failure to perform such obligation or make such payment) shall be without demand immediately due and payable by Lessee and shall be payable as Supplemental Rent. 16. DEFAULT AND REMEDIES. (a) The occurrences of any of the following events shall constitute an Event of Default under the Lease Documents, and shall permit Lessor to exercise the remedies provided in Section 16(b) below, including the termination of Lessee's right to possession of the Equipment or the Collateral: (i) The nonpayment when due from Lessee of (A) any installment of Basic Rent within ten (10) days after the due date therefor as set forth in the related Lease Supplement or (B) any Supplemental Rent required hereunder to be paid by Lessee ten (10) days after receipt of written notice from Lessor or any Transferee of such nonpayment; (ii) The failure by Lessee to perform any other term, obligation, covenant or condition of this Lease that is not cured within twenty (20) days after written notice from Lessor to Lessee of such failure; (iii) Lessee shall be in default under the terms of any other written agreement with Lessor (or any Transferee) and Lessor (or such Transferee) shall have declared a default and/or begun to exercise remedies thereunder after the expiration or waiver of any applicable grace period; -14- (iv) The subjection of any part of the Collateral to any Lien other than a Permitted Lien; (v) In the event that (A) Lessee shall (1) authorize or agree to the commencement of a voluntary case or other proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to itself or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency, corporation, receivership or other similar Law now or hereafter in effect that authorizes the reorganization or liquidation of such party or its debt or the appointment of a trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official of it or any substantial part of its property, (2) make a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, (3) fail generally or admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they become due, (4) take any corporate action to authorize any of the foregoing or (5) have an involuntary or other proceeding commenced against it seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief with respect to it or its debts under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar Law now or hereafter in effect, and such involuntary case or other proceeding shall remain undismissed and unstayed for a period exceeding 60 days; or (B) an order for relief pursuant to such applicable debtor/creditor law shall have been entered against Lessee; and (vi) If any representation or warranty made by the Lessee herein or in any other Lease Document, or made by the Lessee in any statement or certificate furnished by the Lessee in connection with the execution of this Master Lease or any other Lease Document or the delivery of any items of Equipment hereunder or thereunder or furnished by the Lessee pursuant hereto or thereto, proves untrue in any material respect as of the date of the issuance or making thereof. (b) Upon the happening of any of the above Events of Default, Lessor may declare this Master Lease to be in Default. Such declaration shall be by written notice to Lessee and shall apply to all Leases, all Equipment leased hereunder and all Collateral. Lessee hereby authorizes Lessor at any time thereafter to enter with or without legal process any premises where the Collateral may be and take possession thereof. Lessee shall, without further demand, forthwith pay to Lessor an amount that is equal to any unpaid Rent due on or before Lessor has declared this Lease to be in Default plus, as liquidated damages for loss of a bargain and not as a penalty, an amount equal to the Stipulated Loss Value for the Equipment on the date the Lessor shall declare this Lease to be in Default (in each case together with any Late Fee related thereto). After Default, as and to the extent requested by Lessor, Lessee shall comply with the provisions of Section 17 of this Master Lease. Lessor shall be entitled to sell the Collateral at private or public sale within or without the United States, in bulk or in parcels, with or without notice, without having the Collateral present at the place of sale, with the privilege of becoming the purchaser thereof; and Lessor shall be entitled to lease, otherwise dispose of or keep idle all or any part of the Collateral after recovery of possession from Lessee. The proceeds of sale, lease or other disposition, if any, shall be applied (1) to all Lessor's costs, charges and expenses incurred in taking, removing, holding, repairing and selling, leasing or otherwise disposing of the Collateral (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees, costs and disbursements); then, (2) to the extent not previously paid by Lessee, to pay Lessor the Stipulated Loss Value for the Equipment and all other sums then-payable by Lessee hereunder, including any unpaid Rent; then, (3) any remaining amounts shall be paid to Lessee. Lessee shall pay any deficiency remaining after disposition for amounts described in clauses (1) and (2) above forthwith; and Lessee shall not be responsible for any amounts in excess of such -15- amounts, excepting (A) any unpaid Rent due on or before Lessor declared this Master Lease to be in Default and (B) any Supplemental Rent then or thereafter due under the respective Lease. The exercise of any of the foregoing remedies by Lessor shall not constitute a termination of the respective Lease unless Lessor so notifies Lessee in writing. (c) Lessee agrees to reimburse Lessor on demand for any and all costs and expenses incurred by Lessor in enforcing its rights under this Section 16 of the Lease Documents, including without limitation, reasonable attorney's fees and costs of repossession, storage, insuring, re-leasing and selling of all Equipment. No remedy referred to in this Section 16 is intended to be exclusive, but each shall be cumulative and in addition to any other remedy referred to above or otherwise available to Lessor at law or in equity. 17. SURRENDER OF EQUIPMENT. Upon the expiration or earlier termination of the Lease with respect to any item of Equipment, Lessee shall, unless (i) Lessee has paid Lessor in cash the Stipulated Loss Value of such Equipment pursuant to Section 13 hereof, (ii) Lessee has acquired such Equipment pursuant to Section 19 hereof or (iii) Lessor has abandoned such Equipment pursuant to Section 19 hereof, return the same to Lessor in good repair, condition and working order, ordinary wear and tear resulting from permitted use thereof under the terms of such Lease alone excepted, to a location within or outside of the continental United States specified by Lessor. Such Equipment shall be carefully crated and shipped, freight, drayage and reassembly costs prepaid and properly insured, by Lessee, and Lessee shall bear all risk of loss until the Equipment is delivered to Lessor or its designee. 18. INDEMNITY. (a) Lessee agrees to indemnify, defend, and hold harmless each Indemnitee from and against any and all Claims against such Indemnitee (other than such as may directly and proximately result from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee) that directly and proximately arise on account of (i) this Master Lease or any other Lease Documents or (ii) the Collateral, or any item or part thereof, including, without limitation, the selection, ordering, acquisition, delivery, installation, return, rejection, abandonment or other disposition of any item of Equipment, the possession, maintenance, leasing, use, condition, ownership, operation or control of any item of Equipment by whosoever owned, used or operated during the Term of any Lease or the existence of latent and other defects (whether or not discoverable or discovered by Lessor or Lessee). (b) Lessor or another Indemnitee shall give Lessee prompt notice of any Claim or liability hereby indemnified against and Lessee shall be entitled to control the defense thereof; provided, however that (i) Lessor or such other Indemnitee shall have the right to approve or reject defense counsel selected by Lessee and any settlement proposed by Lessee or its counsel which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed and (ii) the defense of any Claim relating to the payment of any tax, fee, assessment or other charge upon Lessor or any Transferee shall be controlled by Lessor; and provided, further, however, that (A) for purpose of this Section 18(b), Lessee's general outside counsel are satisfactory defense counsel for any Claim excepting those specified in clause (ii) above and (B) Lessee's contest of any Claim shall be subject to the requirement that Lessee shall (1) deliver certification by counsel reasonably satisfactory to Lessor that there is a reasonable basis for such contest and (B) consult with and keep Lessor apprised of the development of such contest. -16- (c) Notwithstanding any other provision hereof to the contrary, Lessee shall pay (on an after-tax basis) or otherwise discharge Claims, when and as such Claims become due. 19. PURCHASE AND SALE OPTIONS. (a) At any time during the Term of any Lease, Lessee shall have the option upon at least thirty (30) days' prior irrevocable written notice to Lessor to purchase on the date specified by Lessee in such written notice, which date shall not be more than thirty (30) days after the date of such notice (the "Purchase Option Date") all (but not less than all) the Equipment from Lessor on any or multiple particular Lease Supplement(s) for a purchase price equal to the Option Price, as specified below. Upon such payment in full and payment of any other amounts then due hereunder (including the costs and expenses of Lessor, if any, in connection with such purchase), Lessor will transfer to Lessee, without recourse or warranty and on a "WHERE IS, AS IS" basis, all of Lessor's right, title and interest in and to the Equipment (exclusive of Software) as set forth on such Lease Supplement(s). The "Option Price" shall equal, as of the Purchase Option Date, (i) accrued but unpaid Rent under each and every Lease Supplement that sets forth the particular Equipment being purchased and (ii) the balance of principal payments then due under each and every Lease Supplement that sets forth the particular Equipment being purchased. (b) At the expiration of the Primary Term, Lessee may, and upon written notice Lessor may require Lessee to, purchase all of the Equipment from Lessor for a sales price equal to $1.00. Upon such payment in full and payment of any other amounts then due under the Lease Documents (including the costs and expenses of Lessor, if any, in connection with such sale or transfer), Lessor will transfer to Lessee, without recourse or warranty and on a "WHERE IS, AS IS" basis, all of Lessor's right, title and interest in and to the Equipment (exclusive of Software). If Lessee fails to pay such purchase price and such other amounts then due under the Lease Documents, Lessor may, without prejudice to its rights under Section 16 hereof, abandon such Equipment where such Equipment is located without liability of any kind to Lessee. 20. LICENSE OF SOFTWARE PRODUCTS AND FIRMWARE. (a) Subject to the provisions of this Section 20, Lessor grants to Lessee a nonexclusive, nontransferable license to use the object code form of the software products delivered with the Equipment ("Software Products") solely for Lessee's internal business purposes on or in conjunction with the Equipment with which it was originally delivered. (b) Subject only to the licenses specifically granted herein, Lessor is the sole owner of all rights, title and interest, including all copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, trade names, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights in the Software Products. The Software Products are copyrighted and Lessee is only authorized to reproduce one copy of the Software Products solely for back-up purposes. Lessee is hereby prohibited from otherwise copying or translating, modifying or adapting the Software Products or, incorporating in whole or any part in any other product or creating derivative works based on all or any part of the Software Products. Lessee is not authorized to license others to reproduce any copies of the Software Products, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. Lessee agrees to ensure that all copyright, trademark and other proprietary notices of Lessor affixed to or displayed on the Software Products will not be removed or modified. Lessee shall not decompile, disassemble or reverse engineer the Software Products or any component thereof, except as -17- may be permitted by applicable law in which case Lessee must notify Lessor in writing and Lessor may provide review and assistance. (c) The rights and licenses granted to Lessee with respect to any Software Product furnished by Lessor may not be sold, licensed, sublicensed, rented, assigned or otherwise transferred to another party without the prior written consent of Lessor. (d) Upon the effective date of expiration or termination of this Agreement by Lessor for Lessee's breach or for any other reason, the license granted to Lessee under this Agreement shall terminate and Lessee shall immediately discontinue use of the software and all copies and documentation thereof and return all copies and documentation to Lessor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, should Lessee purchase the Equipment, Lessee's license as set forth in this Section 20 shall survive expiration or termination of this Agreement for the life of the applicable Equipment and as long as Lessee complies with the terms and conditions hereof. (e) US Government Restricted Rights. Notice - Distribution and use of products including computer programs and any related documentation and derivative works thereof, to and by the United States Government, are subject to the Restricted Rights provisions of FAR 52.227-19, paragraph (c)(2) as applicable, except for purchases by agencies of the Department of Defense (DOD). For DOD, all products are subject to manufacturer's commercial terms and conditions and as prescribed in DFAR 227-7202, paragraph 1 (a). Manufacturer is Cascade Communications Corp., 5 Carlisle Road, Westford, MA 01886, USA. Unpublished - rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States. 21. MISCELLANEOUS. (a) Any notice required or permitted to be given by the provisions hereof shall be conclusively deemed to have been received by a party hereto on the day it is delivered by hand, by reputable overnight courier or by confirmed facsimile transmission to such party at the address as set forth on the cover page hereof (or at such other address as such party shall specify to the other party in writing) or, if sent by registered or certified mail, on the third Business Day after the date on which mailed, addressed to such party at the address set forth above, postage prepaid. (b) No delay or omission to exercise any right or remedy accruing to Lessor upon any breach or default of Lessee shall impair any such right to remedy or be construed to be a waiver of any such Event of Default, breach or default; nor shall any waiver of any single Event of Default, breach or default theretofore or thereafter occurring. Any waiver, permit, consent or approval on the part of Lessor of any Event of Default, breach or default under the Lease Documents or, of any provision or condition thereof, must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent in such writing specifically set forth. All remedies, either under the Lease Documents or by law or otherwise afforded to Lessor, shall be cumulative and not exclusive. (c) THIS AGREEMENT MAY NOT BE TERMINATED EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN. This Master Lease and any other Lease Document may be modified only by a written agreement duly signed by Persons authorized to sign agreements on behalf of Lessor and Lessee, and any variance from the terms and conditions of the Lease Documents in any order or other notification from Lessee, written or oral, shall be of no effect. The capitalized term "Lease" as used herein includes this Master Lease and any supplement, subsequent schedule or exhibit or future written amendment made in accordance herewith, and Lessee, by -18- its execution hereof, explicitly acknowledges and agrees with the foregoing. LESSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HAS READ THIS LEASE, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. FURTHER, LESSEE AGREES THAT THE LEASE DOCUMENTS ARE THE COMPLETE AND EXCLUSIVE STATEMENT OF THE LEASE BETWEEN THE PARTIES, WHICH SUPERSEDE ALL PROPOSALS OR PRIOR AGREEMENTS OR UNDERSTANDINGS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, AND ALL OTHER COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES RELATING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER THEREOF. (d) The Lease Documents and the covenants and agreements contained herein shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, Lessor and its successors and assigns and Lessee and its successors and permitted assigns. (e) The table of contents and the headings of the sections hereof are for convenience of reference only, are not a part of this Master Lease and shall not be deemed to affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof. (f) The Lease Documents may be executed in any number of counterparts. However, to the extent, if any, that the Lease Documents constitute chattel paper (as such term is defined in the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in any applicable jurisdiction), no security interest in the Lease Documents may be created through the transfer of possession of any counterpart other than the counterpart identified by marking as the "Original". (g) THE LEASE DOCUMENTS SHALL IN ALL RESPECTS BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS, INCLUDING ALL MATTERS OF CONSTRUCTION, VALIDITY AND PERFORMANCE. LESSOR AND LESSEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMIT TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS, FOR ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE OVERALL TRANSACTION EVIDENCED BY THE LEASE DOCUMENTS. LESSOR AND LESSEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AGREE THAT ALL CLAIMS IN RESPECT OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE HEARD AND DETERMINED IN MASSACHUSETTS STATE COURTS, OR TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, SUCH FEDERAL COURTS. LESSOR AND LESSEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT THEY MAY EFFECTIVELY DO SO, THE DEFENSE OF ANY INCONVENIENT FORUM TO THE MAINTENANCE OF ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING. LESSOR AND LESSEE HEREBY WAIVE ANY RIGHTS EITHER OF THEM MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS BROUGHT IN RESPECT OF THE LEASE DOCUMENTS. (h) Should any Section or any part of a Section within the Lease Documents be rendered void, invalid or unenforceable by any court or Law for any reason, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not void or render invalid or unenforceable any other Section or part of a Section therein. (i) Notwithstanding any other provision hereof to the contrary, the provisions of Sections 14 and 18 of this Master Lease shall survive any expiration or termination of any Lease. -19- 22. ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS. The schedules and exhibits attached hereto, any riders signed by the parties hereto and attached hereto and any Lease Supplements executed and delivered pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof are hereby incorporated by reference. [REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK] IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Lessor and Lessee have caused this Master Lease to be duly executed, all as of the date first above written. LESSOR: CASCADE COMMUNICATIONS CORP. By: /s/ Paul Blondin -------------------------------- Name: Paul E. Blondin Title: VP, Finance &CFO LESSEE: PSINET INC. By: /s/ E. Postal -------------------------------- Name: Edward D. Postal Title: Chief Financial Officer SCHEDULE A TO LEASE DEFINITIONS AND RULES OF CONSTRUCTION. 1. DEFINITIONS. The following terms, when capitalized as below, have the following meanings: "Applicable Law": any Law, domestic or foreign, that shall apply to (i) the Lessee or its properties and operations, (ii) the operation, modification, maintenance, ownership, leasing or use of the Equipment, or (iii) any transaction contemplated under any Lease Document, including in each case any environmental Law, federal or state securities Law, commercial Law (pertaining to the rights and obligations of sellers, purchasers, debtors, secured parties, or to any other pertinent matter), zoning, sanitation, siting or building Law, energy, occupational safety and health practices Law or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and any regulations promulgated thereunder. "Basic Rent": the rental installments due from Lessee pursuant to Section 3(b) of the Lease for the Interim Term and the Primary Term in the amounts and on the dates as provided therein and in the Lease Supplements. The principal component of Basic Rent shall amortize an amount equal to the Capitalized Lessor's Cost in thirty-six (36) monthly installments. The interest component of Basic Rent shall be eleven percent (11%) per annum. Each payment shall equal the principal component plus interest on the accrued but unpaid principal balance. "Basic Rent Per Day": one thirtieth (1/30th) of the Basic Rent Per Month. "Basic Rent Payment Date": for each Set of Equipment, as set forth in the related Lease Supplement. "Basic Rent Per Month": for each Set of Equipment, as set forth in the related Lease Supplement. "Business Day": any day, other than a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday for commercial banks under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (or such other jurisdictions in the United States as Lessor specifies to Lessee by at least 30 days' prior written notice). "Capitalized Lessor's Cost": for each Set of Equipment, the amount specified in the Schedule A to the related Lease Supplement under the heading "Capitalized Lessor's Cost," and for all Equipment, the aggregate thereof. "Claims": With respect to any Indemnitee, all claims, judgments, good faith settlements entered into, suits, actions, debts, obligations, damages (whether incidental, consequential or direct), demands (for compensation, indemnification, reimbursement or otherwise), losses, penalties, fines, liabilities (including strict liability), charges that such Indemnitee has incurred or is responsible for in the nature of amounts for the use or forbearance of money, Liens, and costs (including attorneys' fees and disbursements and other legal or non-legal expenses of the investigation or defense of any claim, whether or not such claim is ultimately defeated, or the A-2 enforcement of the rights, remedies or indemnities provided for hereunder, or otherwise available at law or in equity to Lessor), of whatever kind or nature, contingent or otherwise, matured or unmatured, foreseeable or unforeseeable, by any Person against such Indemnitee, even if any of the foregoing are groundless, false, or fraudulent, but specifically excluding any costs or similar expenses for the use or forbearance of use of money incurred by any Indemnitee for such Indemnitee's financing or refinancing of its interest in any Lease or the Equipment. "Code" means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "Collateral": as set forth in Section 4(b) of the Master Lease. "County Recording Office": as set forth in Schedule B to the Master Lease. "Default": except when inconsistent with the context of any provision hereof, an event that, but for the lapse of time or the giving of notice or both, would constitute an Event of Default. "Equipment": each and every Set of Equipment leased to Lessee by Lessor under the Master Lease. "Event of Default": any event of default as specified in Section 16(a) of the Lease. "Financing Statement": a Uniform Commercial Code financing statement. "Fixture Filing Office": as set forth in Schedule B to the Master Lease. "GAAP": generally accepted accounting principles, applied consistently. "Governmental Authority": any federal, state, county, municipal, regional or other governmental authority, agency board, body, instrumentality or court, in each case either domestic or foreign. "Imposition": any title, recordation, documentary stamp or other fees, taxes, assessments, charges or withholdings of any nature (together with any penalties or fines thereon) arising at any time upon or relating to the Equipment or to the Lease Documents, or the delivery, acquisition, ownership, use, operation, leasing or other disposition of such Equipment or upon the Rent payable thereunder, whether the same be assessed to Lessor (or any Transferee) or Lessee, other than taxes based on or measured by Lessor's gross or net income. "Indemnitee": Lessor, any Transferee and their respective officers, directors, partners, agents and assigns. "Installation Agreement": agreements used by Lessee for the provision of services to its customers using Equipment, as such agreements may be revised from time to time. "Interim Term": for each Lease Supplement, the period from the date of the Lessee's acceptance of the related Set of Equipment, as evidenced by Lessee's execution and delivery of such Lease Supplement, to but not including the Primary Term Commencement Date. A-3 "Late Fee": the fee payable by Lessee for the continued use or possession of the Equipment by the Lessee, which is payable if the Lessee has not paid Rent for such Equipment when due and which shall equal 1-1/2% per month, or the highest rate permitted by law, whichever is lower, on all overdue Rent from the due date thereof until paid. "Law": any law, rule, regulation, ordinance, order, code, common law, interpretation, judgment, directive, decree, treaty, injunction, writ, determination, Permit or similar norm or decision of any Governmental Authority. "Lease": the lease by and between Lessor and Lessee and relating to the Equipment, as amended from time to time, including this Master Lease and any exhibits, schedules, riders and Lease Supplements thereto as provided in Section 22 thereof. "Lease Documents": collectively, this Master Lease, the Lease Supplement(s), and all instruments, documents, certificates and agreements delivered pursuant thereto. "Lease Facility": as defined in Section 2A of the Master Lease. "Lease Supplement": as defined in Section 1 of the Master Lease. "Lien": any mortgage, pledge, lease, sublease, security interest, attachment, charge, encumbrance or right or claim of others whatsoever (including any conditional sale or other retention agreement). "Option Price"" as set forth in Section 19(a) of the Master Lease. "Permit": any action, approval, certificate of occupancy, consent, waiver, exemption, variance, franchise, order, permit, authorization, right or license, or other form of legally required permission, of or from a Governmental Authority. "Permitted Lien": (a) Lessor's and Lessee's respective rights, titles and interests in the Equipment, (b) Liens for the benefit of mechanics, materialmen, laborers, employees or suppliers and similar Liens arising by operation of Law and incurred by Lessee in the ordinary course of business for sums that are not yet delinquent or are being contested in good faith by negotiations or by appropriate proceedings that suspend the collection and enforcement thereof (provided that the existence of such Lien while such negotiations or proceedings are pending does not involve any substantial risk (as determined by Lessor in its discretion) of the sale, forfeiture or loss of the Equipment or any therein, and for which adequate reserves have been provided in accordance with GAAP), (c) Liens arising out of any judgments or awards against Lessee that have been adequately bonded to protect Lessor's interests or with respect to which a stay of execution has been granted pending an appeal or a proceeding for review and (d) Liens for Impositions not yet due and for which adequate provision for payment has been made. "Person": any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, or other legal entity or a Governmental Authority. "Primary Term": as set forth on the cover page to the applicable Lease Supplement. A-4 "Primary Term Commencement Date": for each Set of Equipment, as set forth in the related Lease Supplement. "Primary Term Expiration Date": for each Set of Equipment, as set forth in the related Lease Supplement. "Rent": collectively, the Basic Rent and the Supplemental Rent. "Set of Equipment": the property described in Schedule A to the related Lease Supplement, together with all appliances, parts, instruments accessories and furnishings that are from time to time incorporated in such Equipment, or having been so incorporated, are later removed therefrom, unless title thereto is expressly released by Lessor, and all replacements of, and additions, improvements and accessions to any and all of the foregoing, and all books, records, maintenance logs and general intangibles (including all patents, copyrights and trade secrets) relating thereto; and, when used in the context of Lessor's title to such Equipment (whether relating to the creation, grant, perfection, release, priority, enforcement or application of proceeds thereof), shall also include all other property in which Lessor is granted a security interest under the Lease Documents. "State Filing Office": as set forth in Schedule B to the Master Lease. "Stipulated Loss Value": with respect to each item of Equipment listed in the Schedule A to a Lease Supplement, the product of the (1)(a) Capitalized Lessor's Cost of such item divided by (b) the Capitalized Lessor's Cost of the Set of Equipment in which such Equipment is included, multiplied by (2) the Option Price for such Set of Equipment, as calculated at Section 19(d) of the Master Lease. "Supplemental Rent": all amounts, liabilities and obligations (other than Basic Rent) that Lessee assumes or agrees to pay to Lessor or others under any Lease, or under any other Lease Document, including, without limitation, Stipulated Loss Value, the purchase price for the Equipment pursuant to Section 19 of the Master Lease and payments constituting indemnities, reimbursements, expenses, excess use fees and other charges payable pursuant to the terms of any Lease Document. "Term": the period for which Equipment is leased under any Lease, including the Interim Term and the Primary Term. "Total Invoice Cost": with respect to each Set of Equipment leased pursuant to a Lease Supplement, as specified thereon. "Total Loss": for any item of Equipment, the occurrence of any of the following: (i) the actual or constructive total loss of such item of the Equipment; or (ii) the loss, disappearance, theft or destruction of such item of the Equipment; or (iii) damage to such item of the Equipment to such extent as shall make repair thereof uneconomical, or shall render any item of the Equipment permanently unfit for normal use, for any reason whatsoever; or (iv) the condemnation, confiscation, requisition, seizure, forfeiture or other taking of title to or use of such item of the Equipment; or (v) as a result of any Law or other action taken by any A-5 Governmental Authority, the use of such item of Equipment in the normal course of Lessee's business shall have been prohibited (1) indefinitely or (2) for a period (A) in excess of 60 days or (B) that extends beyond the then existing Term; all of the foregoing, to the extent established to the reasonable satisfaction of Lessor. "Transfer": any transfer or other agreement pursuant to which Lessor or Transferee has transferred or agreed to pay any Person the Rent, or a portion thereof, received from Lessee pursuant to any Lease, which obligation may be secured by Lessor's interest in such Lease and the related Equipment. "Transferee": any Person to whom Lessor or any subsequent transferee thereof has assigned any or all of its rights, obligations, title and/or interest under the Lease Documents. "Uniform Commercial Code" or "UCC": the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in Massachusetts or in any other pertinent jurisdiction; and any reference to an article or section thereof shall mean the corresponding article or section (however named) of any such other applicable version of the Uniform Commercial Code. 2. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION. Any defined term used in the singular preceded by "any" indicates any number of the members of the relevant class. Any Lease Document or other agreement or instrument referred to herein means such agreement or instrument as supplemented and amended from time to time. Any reference to Lessor or Lessee shall include their permitted successors and assigns. Any reference to a Law or Permit shall also mean such Law or Permit as amended, superseded or replaced from time to time. Unless otherwise expressly provided to the contrary in the Master Lease, all actions that Lessee takes or is required to take under this Master Lease or any other Lease Document shall be taken at Lessee's sole cost and expense, and all such costs and expenses borne by Lessor shall constitute Claims and shall be covered by Sections 14 and 18 of the Master Lease. 3. INTEGRATION. Lessor and Lessee agree that the definitions and rules of construction herein shall constitute an integral part of this Master Lease. A Schedule and an Exhibit to the Master Lease have been omitted. The omitted Schedule and Exhibit which the Company agrees to furnish supplementally to the Commission upon request are identified below. Schedule: --------- Schedule B Miscellaneous Information List Exhibit: -------- Exhibit 1 Form of Lease Supplement EX-10.78 9 EX-10.78 [PSINet Letterhead] February 12, 1997 Mr. David Hudson 11116 Rich Meadow Drive Great Falls, Virginia 22066 Dear David: This letter confirms our offer of employment by PSINet Inc. (the "Company"), and sets forth the terms and conditions which shall govern such employment as outlined below. This offer shall remain open until midnight on February 12, 1997. 1. EMPLOYMENT: a) The Company hereby offers to employ you as Vice President of Business and Product Development reporting to the Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. This is a corporate officer position and as an officer of the Company you must stand for election by the Board of Directors each year. You agree to begin work on a full-time basis upon acceptance of this offer, and remain in the employ of the Company, and, except during vacation periods and sickness, to provide during standard business hours a minimum of forty hours per week of management services to the Company, as determined by and under the direction of the Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. Your employment under this agreement and its terms is meant to supersede the obligations of the Company and InterCon Systems Corporation under your prior arrangement with InterCon, and you shall have no rights or claims against the Company or InterCon arising from that arrangement except as may be specifically set forth in this letter. b) In connection with your employment by the Company, your principal place of employment shall be the greater Washington, D.C. area and you shall not be required permanently to relocate to a principal place of business outside such area during the term of your employment hereunder. c) During your employment you will, except during vacations, periods of illness, and other absences beyond your reasonable control, devote your best efforts, skill and attention to the performance of your duties on behalf of the Company. 2. TERM OF EMPLOYMENT. The term of the employment shall commence on the date of your acceptance of this offer and shall continue for a period of three years subject to Article 5 below. 3. COMPENSATION: a) BASE SALARY. The Company shall pay you a base salary at the rate of $163,500 per annum. Beginning on January 2, 1998, and on January 2nd of each year during the term of this Agreement, your base salary shall be increased at a minimum by an amount equal to 5% of your then current base salary. Your base salary shall be subject to additional increases at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors. Your base salary shall be payable in such installments as the Company regularly pays its other salaried employees, subject to such deductions and withholdings as may be required by law or by further agreement with you. b) PERFORMANCE BONUS. The Company will pay you a bonus upon the successful completion of the objectives established for your performance for the applicable year. The performance criteria will be issued separately by the Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, at the beginning of each year, and may be changed, with mutual fairness, from time to time as situations develop. The performance bonus for the period ending December 31, 1997 will be a maximum of $40,000. c) INCENTIVE STOCK OPTIONS ORIGINALLY GRANTED JANUARY 26, 1996 AND REPRICED APRIL 5, 1996. The option to purchase one hundred thousand (100,000) shares of PSINet's Common Stock granted to you on April 5, 1996 (which repriced grant cancelled and replaced your grant of January 26, 1996) (the "Repriced Options") pursuant to the Executive Stock Incentive Plan remain in full force and effect and continue to vest ratably, monthly as detailed in your amended employment agreement dated August 20, 1996. d) ADDITIONAL INCENTIVE STOCK OPTIONS IN LIEU OF INTERCON STOCK OPTIONS. Effective upon your acceptance of this letter, and in full satisfaction of any obligation by PSINet Inc. or InterCon Systems Corporation under your prior employment agreement to grant you stock options in PSINet or InterCon shares, PSINet Inc. shall grant you options to purchase sixty-four thousand five hundred (64,500) shares of PSINet Inc.'s common stock (the "Options") pursuant to its Executive Stock Incentive Plan. Such Options shall be evidenced by an option agreement in such form as required by the Plan. Among other terms and provisions prescribed by the Plan, the option agreement shall provide that (a) the exercise price of the Options shall be the price per share of the Company's common stock as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market at the close of business on the date of your acceptance of this letter, (b) the Options shall not be exerciseable after the expiration of ten years from the date such Options are granted, and (c) the stock shall vest ratably, monthly, over a forty-eight (48) month period, beginning January 2, 1996 (your date of employment at InterCon), provided that for each months' vesting purposes you continue to be employed full time by the Company, PSINet Inc., or one of its subsidiaries during such month, and provided that the Company's Board of Directors ratifies, no less often than annually, that you have met the performance standards and criteria set for you for the preceding period. e) NEW GRANT OF INCENTIVE STOCK OPTIONS. Effective as of February 12, 1997, the Company shall grant you options to purchase thirty-five thousand five hundred (35,500) shares of PSINet Inc.'s Common Stock (the "New Options") pursuant to its Executive Stock Incentive Plan. Such Options shall be evidenced by an option agreement in such form as required by the Plan. Among other terms and provisions prescribed by the Plan, the option agreement shall provide that (a) the exercise price of the Options shall be the price per share of the Company's common stock as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market at the close of business on February 12, 1997, (b) the Options shall not be exerciseable after the expiration of ten years from the date such Options are granted, and (c) the stock shall vest ratably, monthly, over a forty-eight (48) month period, provided that for each months' vesting purposes you continue to be employed full time by the Company, PSINet Inc., or one of its subsidiaries during such month, and provided further that you have met all of the performance conditions, prior to June 30, 1997 which will be provided to you by Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer by the end of February, 1997. In the event of a Change of Control, as defined in Section 9 below, the Company shall vest only those unvested stock options described in items 3(c) and 3(d) immediately. 4. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS. You shall be provided employee benefits, including (without limitation) 401(k), revenue bonus plan participation, four weeks' paid vacation, and life, health, accident and disability insurance under the Company's plans, policies and programs available to employees in accordance with the provisions of such plans, policies, and programs. 5. TERMINATION: a) Your employment with the Company may be terminated by the Company at any time for "Cause" as defined in Section 5(c) hereof. Upon such termination, the Company will provide written notice whether it has elected to use the non-competition restrictions set forth in Section 6(a) hereof. Your employment may also be terminated by the Company at any time without Cause provided the Company shall have given you thirty (30) days' prior written notice of such termination. That written notice must state whether the Company has elected to use the non-Competition restriction (which decision may not be rescinded). If you are terminated without cause prior to June 30, 1997, you will be paid severance pay, plus pro-rata bonus and benefits up through June 30, 1997, and in addition you will be paid severance pay, plus pro-rata bonus and benefits for twenty-six (26) weeks thereafter. If you are terminated after June 30, 1997 without cause you are entitled to severance pay, plus pro-rata bonus and benefits for twenty-six (26) weeks thereafter. In addition, your employment may be terminated by you at any time for any reason, provided you shall have given the Company at least thirty (30) days' prior written notice of such termination. By the 30th day the Company must notify you in writing whether it has elected to use the non-Competition restriction. Such decision may not be rescinded. Failure of the Company to so notify you shall result in the non-Competition restriction not being in place. b) Subject to your compliance with your obligations under Section 6 hereof, in the event that your employment terminates or is terminated by you or the Company for any reason, and the Company has elected to use the non-Competition restriction, you shall be entitled, for a period of twenty-four (24) months after termination of employment, to the following (collectively, the "Termination Payments"): (i) your then current rate of base salary as provided in Section 3; (ii) all life insurance and health benefits, disability insurance and benefits and reimbursement theretofore being provided to you; and (iii) Company contributions, to the extent permitted by applicable law, to a SEP-IRA, Keogh or other retirement mechanism selected by you sufficient to provide the same level of retirement benefits you would have received if you had remained employed by the Company during such 24-month period. The Company shall make up the difference in cash payments directly to you to the extent that applicable law would not permit it to make such contributions. c) The Company shall have "Cause" for your termination of your employment by reason of any breach of your agreement not to compete pursuant to Section 6 hereof, your committing an act materially adversely affecting the Company which constitutes wanton or willful misconduct, your conviction of a felony, your voluntary resignation, or any material breach by you of this Agreement. 6. AGREEMENT NOT TO COMPETE. a) In consideration of your employment pursuant to this Agreement and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged, you covenant to and agree with the Company that, so long as you are employed by the Company under this Agreement and for a period of twenty-four (24) months following the termination of such employment (but only if the Company has elected to enforce the restriction), you shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company, either for yourself or for any other person, firm or corporation, manage, operate, control, participate in the management, operation or control of or be employed by any other person or entity which is engaged in providing Internet-related network or communications services competitive with the Internet-related network or communication services offered to customers by the Company as of the date of termination or within six (6) months thereafter. The foregoing shall in no event restrict you from: (i) writing or teaching, whether on behalf of for-profit, or not-for-profit institution(s); (ii) investing (without participating in management or operation) in the securities of any private or publicly traded corporation or entity; or (iii) after termination of employment, becoming employed by a hardware, software or other vendor to the Company, provided that such vendor does not offer network or communication services that are competitive with the Internet-related network or communications services offered by the Company as of the date of termination of employment or within six (6) months thereafter. b) You may request permission from the Company's Board of Director's to engage in activities which would otherwise be prohibited by Section 6(a). The Company shall respond to such request within thirty (30) days after receipt. The Company will notify you in writing if it becomes aware of any breach or threatened breach of any of the provisions in Section 6(a), and you shall have thirty (30) days after receipt of such notice in which to cure or prevent the breach, to the extent that you are able to do so. You and the Company acknowledge that any breach or threatened breach by you of any of the provisions in Section 6(a) above cannot be remedied by the recovery of damages, and agree that in the event of any such breach or threatened breach which is not cured with such 30-day period, the Company may pursue injunctive relief for any such breach or threatened breach. If a court of competent jurisdiction determines that you breached any of such provisions, you shall not be entitled to any Termination Payments from and after date of the breach. In such event, you shall promptly repay any Termination Payments previously made plus interest thereon from the date of such payment(s) at 12% per annum. If, however, the Company has suspended making such Termination Payments and a court of competent jurisdiction finally determines that you did not breach such provision or determines such provision to be unenforceable as applied to your conduct, you shall be entitled to receive any suspended Termination Payment, plus interest thereon from the date when due at 12% per annum. The Company may elect (once) to continue paying the Termination Payments before a final decision has been made by the court. 7. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Ownership of Work Product. All copyrights, patents, trade secrets, or other intellectual property rights associated with any ideas, concepts, techniques, inventions, processes, or works of authorship developed or created by you during the course of performing the Company's work (collectively the "Work Product") shall belong exclusively to the Company and shall, to the extent possible, be considered a work made for hire for the Company within the meaning of Title 17 of the United States Code. You automatically assign, and shall assign at the time of creation of the Work Product, without any requirement of further consideration, any right, title, or interest you may have in such Work Product, including any copyrights or other intellectual property rights pertaining thereto. Upon request of the Company, you shall take such further actions, including execution and delivery of instruments of conveyance, as may be appropriate to give full and proper effect to such assignment. 8. TRANSFERABILITY. a) As used in this Agreement, the term "Company" shall include any successor to all or part of the business or assets of the Company who shall assume and agree to perform this Agreement. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by you and your personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees. b) Except as provided under paragraph (a) of this Section 8, neither this Agreement nor any of the rights or obligations hereunder shall be assigned or delegated by any party hereto without the prior written consent of the other party. c) As used in this Agreement, "Change in Control" shall mean: (i) the shareholders of the Company approve an agreement for the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or (ii) the shareholders of the Company approve a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other corporation (and the Company implements it), other than (A) a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent more than 80% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Company, or such surviving entity, outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation, or (B) a merger or consolidation effected to implement a recapitalization of the Company (or similar transaction) in which no "person" (as defined below) acquires more than 30% of the combined voting power of the Company's then-outstanding securities; or (iii) any "person," as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") (other than (A) the Company, (B) any corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company or the shareholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company is or becomes the "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 30% or more of the combined voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities. 9. SEVERABILITY. The invalidity or unenforceability of any particular provision of this Agreement shall not affect the other provisions hereof, and this Agreement shall be construed in all respects as if such invalid or unenforceable provision were omitted. If a court of competent jurisdiction determines that any particular provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable, the court shall restrict the provision so as to be enforceable. However, if the provisions of Section 6 shall be restricted, a proportional reduction shall be made in the payments under Section 5b. 10. ENTIRE AGREEMENT; WAIVERS. This letter Agreement contains the entire agreement of the parties concerning the subject matter hereof and supersedes and cancels all prior agreements, negotiations, correspondence, undertakings and communications of the parties, oral or written. No waiver or modification of any provision of this Agreement shall be effective unless in writing and signed by both parties. 11. NOTICES. Any notices, requests, instruction or other document to be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be sent certified mail, return receipt requested, addressed to the party intended to be notified at the address of such party as set for at the head of this agreement or such other address as such party may designate in writing to the other. 12. GOVERNING LAW. THIS LETTER AGREEMENT SHALL BE SUBJECT TO, GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW. 13. COUNTERPARTS. This letter Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which shall be one and the same instrument. HUDSON EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT SIGNATURE PAGE Please confirm your agreement with the forgoing by signing and returning one copy of this letter Agreement to the undersigned, whereupon this letter agreement shall become a binding agreement between you and the Company. Sincerely, PSINET INC. By: /s/Harold S. Wills -------------------------------------------------------------------- Harold S. Wills, Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer Accepted and Agreed to as of 2/12 , 1997 ---------------- -- By: /s/ D. L. Hudson -------------------------------------------------------------------- David L. Hudson EX-10.79 10 EX-10.79 SECOND AMENDMENT TO AMENDED AND RESTATED CREDIT AGREEMENT This Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("Agreement") is made as of this 7th day of February, 1997 by and between PSINet Inc. (f/k/a Performance Systems International, Inc.), a New York corporation ("PSI"), (PSI hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Borrower" or "Borrowers") PSINet Pipeline New York, Inc., a New York corporation ("Pipeline"), as a guarantor, and Fleet National Bank, formerly known as Fleet National Bank of Connecticut, successor by merger to Fleet Bank of Massachusetts, N.A. (hereinafter referred to as the "Bank"), as lender. WHEREAS, as of November 30, 1994, PSI and the Bank entered into a Credit Agreement (the "Original Credit Agreement"); WHEREAS, as of March 24, 1995, PSI and the Bank entered into an amendment to the Original Credit Agreement (the "First Amendment to Credit Agreement") to (i) increase the term credit from $2,000,000 to $8,500,000, (ii) add the then newly-acquired Pipeline as a guarantor and (iii) otherwise amend the Original Credit Agreement, all as set forth in the First Amendment to Credit Agreement; WHEREAS, as of November 10, 1995, PSI, InterCon Systems Corporation ("InterCon"), Software Ventures Corporation ("Software") and the Bank entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") which amended and restated the terms of the Original Credit Agreement as amended by the First Amendment to Credit Agreement to (i) increase the revolving credit from $1,500,000 to $5,000,000, (ii) add Software and InterCon as borrowers under the revolving credit (to the extent provided therein), (iii) increase the term credit from $8,500,000 to $13,500,000 and (iv) make certain other changes, all as set forth in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement; WHEREAS, on April 8, l996, Software merged with and into InterCon, with InterCon as the surviving entity; WHEREAS, as of August 13, 1996, PSI, InterCon and the Bank entered into an amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement") to (i) increase the term credit from $13,500,000 to $18,500,000, (ii) extend the Term Credit Expiration Date to June 30, 1997, and (iii) make certain other changes, all as set forth in the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. WHEREAS, PSI desires to sell the stock of InterCon to Ascend Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation, pursuant to the terms of a Stock Acquisition Agreement (the "Sale") and the Bank is willing to consent to the Sale subject to PSI and Pipeline executing this Agreement and agreeing to be bound by the terms hereof. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises contained in this Agreement, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. The terms "Borrower" and "Borrowers" as used in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and this Agreement, shall, for all purposes, from and after the date hereof have the meaning set forth in the first paragraph of this Agreement, and if at any time there is only a single "Borrower," references to "Borrowers" shall be deemed to refer only to such single "Borrower"; prior to the date hereof such terms shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. All references in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement to "Agreement" shall from and after the date hereof mean the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and this Agreement. 2. Sections 1.03, 2.01, 4.15, 4.22, 4.23, 4.24, 4.25 and 4.26 of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement are hereby amended, as of the effective date of this Agreement, by deleting said Sections in their entirety and substituting therefore the following: Section 1.03. The Revolving Credit. (a) Terms of the Revolving Credit. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof and provided no Event of Default, or event which with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would become an Event of Default, has occurred, the Borrowers may, jointly and severally, from time to time from the date hereof up to June 30, 1997 (the "Revolving Credit Maturity Date") borrow and reborrow from the Bank, and the Bank shall advance funds to the Borrowers (an "Advance" or the "Advances"); provided that (A) the aggregate of all Advances outstanding at any time during the term of the Revolving Credit shall not exceed the lesser at such time (the "Availability") of (i) the Maximum Revolving Credit, or (ii) an amount equal to the "Borrowing Base," each as defined below; and (B) the aggregate of all Advances outstanding at any time during the Revolving Credit in favor of PSI shall not exceed the lesser at such time (the "PSI Availability") of (i) the Maximum Revolving Credit or (ii) an amount equal to the PSI Borrowing Base, each as defined below. (b) Maximum Revolving Credit and Borrowing Base. The "Maximum Revolving Credit" at any time shall equal $5,000,000 less the aggregate undrawn face amount of all L/Cs outstanding at such time. 2 The Borrowing Base shall be equal from time to time to the sum of the PSI Borrowing Base. The PSI Borrowing Base shall be equal from time to time to 75% of PSI's Qualified Accounts less the sum of (i) 100% of the maximum outstanding liability under any L/Cs issued pursuant to Section 1.05 of this Agreement and (ii) (A) twenty percent (20%) of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of Term Credit Advances made after November 10, 1995 minus (B) the amount of cash collateral maintained by PSI at the Bank on terms satisfactory to the Bank. "Qualified Accounts" shall mean accounts receivable owed to a Borrower which (a) arise from the sale of goods or the provision of services by such Borrower (but only to the extent such goods or services have actually been delivered or provided to the account debtor), (b) are not outstanding for more than ninety (90) days after the original invoice date, (c) are due from an account debtor located in the United States, (d) are subject to a perfected first priority security interest in favor of the Bank, (e) are not represented by a note or other negotiable instrument, (e) are not subject to any setoff, dispute, credit, allowance or adjustment by the account debtor, and (f) have not been deemed unsatisfactory by the Bank in the exercise of its reasonable judgment. PSI shall furnish to the Bank not later than fifteen (15) days following the end of each monthly accounting period a Borrowing Base Certificate in the form of Exhibit 1.03(b) attached hereto, completed and signed by PSI's chief financial officer. The Borrowing Base shown on such certificate shall be as of the last day of said monthly accounting period. The Bank shall be under no obligation to make any further advance if a Borrowing Base Certificate is not delivered within the specified period. In calculating the Borrowing Base hereunder, there shall be excluded from all Qualified Accounts the full amount of any deposit which an account debtor may have paid with respect to the goods to which such account receivable relates. (c) Limit on Advances Outstanding. The aggregate Advances outstanding at any time during any monthly period shall not exceed the lesser of the Borrowing Base or the Maximum Revolving Credit. The aggregate Advances outstanding at any time during any monthly period in favor of PSI shall not exceed the lesser of the PSI Borrowing Base or the Maximum Revolving Credit. If the aggregate Advances outstanding at any time exceed the amounts set forth in this Section 1.03(c), then the Borrowers shall forthwith pay such excess, and the Bank may, without prior notice to the Borrowers, charge the Borrowers' accounts with the Bank in order to effect such payment. (d) The Revolving Credit Note. All amounts owed by the Borrowers with respect to Advances made by the Bank shall be evidenced by a promissory note in the principal amount of $5,000,000 in the form attached to this Agreement as Exhibit 1.03(d) (the "Revolving Credit Note"). The unpaid principal balance of the Revolving Credit Note may be 3 voluntarily prepaid in whole or in part at any time without premium or penalty. Payment of such excess on account of a Borrower may be made by a borrowing by another Borrower, subject to the limits set forth in this Agreement. (e) Interest. Advances made by the Bank shall bear interest prior to maturity or the occurrence of an Event of Default (computed on the basis of actual number of days elapsed over a 360-day year) on the unpaid principal balances outstanding from time to time at a rate per annum equal to the Prime Rate plus one and one-half percent (1.5%). Interest shall be payable monthly in arrears on the last day of each month commencing in the month in which the Revolving Credit Note is issued. After maturity, or after the occurrence of an Event of Default and until said Event of Default shall have been cured or waived in writing by the Bank, amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Note shall bear interest at the Prime Rate plus four and one-half percent (4.5%). (f) Requests for Advances. Subject to the terms and conditions contained in this Agreement, each Advance shall be made on the Banking Day on which the Bank receives notice from PSI, if such notice is received prior to 11:00 a.m. on such Banking Day, and otherwise on the next Banking Day. Each request for an Advance shall be made to the Bank in writing or by telephone by a duly authorized representative of PSI, and the Bank may rely upon any telephone request which it believes is made by such a representative. Each Borrower agrees and holds the Bank harmless for any action, including the making of Advances hereunder, or loss or expense, taken or incurred by the Bank in good faith reliance upon such telephone request. At the time of the initial request for an Advance made under this Section 1.03, PSI shall have provided the Bank with a Compliance Certificate (as defined in Section 4.07(a)). Each of the Borrowers hereby agrees (i) that the Bank shall be entitled to rely upon the most recent Compliance Certificate in the Bank's possession until it is superseded by another certificate, and (ii) that each request for an Advance, whether by telephone or in writing or otherwise, shall constitute a confirmation that the representations and warranties contained in the most recent Compliance Certificate then in the Bank's possession continue to be true and correct in all respects. (g) Expiration. The Revolving Credit shall expire on the Revolving Credit Maturity Date and all then outstanding Advances shall be due and payable on such date together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon and any other amounts then due. Section 2.01. Corporate Existence and Power. Each Borrower and Pipeline is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of New York or Delaware and has full corporate and other power and authority to conduct its business and own its assets as now conducted and owned. Each Borrower is duly licensed, qualified and authorized to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the failure to be licensed, qualified or authorized to do business as a foreign corporation would have a material adverse 4 effect upon its business, properties, assets, prospects, operations or condition, financial or otherwise. Section 4.15. Loans and Investments. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.15, neither the Borrower nor any Subsidiary will purchase or otherwise acquire or retain any stock or obligations of, or make any loans or advances to, or investments in, any corporation or other entity or person, other than: (a) obligations of the United States of America, or any agency thereof, maturing not more than one (1) year from the date of issue thereof, or mutual funds comprised of the same, provided that the Bank shall acquire a perfected first-priority security interest in such obligations simultaneously with such purchase or acquisition; (b) certificates of deposit or other deposit obligations maturing not more than one (1) year from the date of issue thereof issued by any bank within the United States of America having total combined capital and surplus in excess of $100,000,000; (c) short-term investment grade debt securities; (d) by PSI in wholly-owned Subsidiaries, provided that the aggregate outstanding amount of all such amounts during this Agreement shall not exceed $22,500,000, excluding (i) any amounts previously advanced to Pipeline, it being understood that no future amounts shall be advanced to Pipeline without the prior written consent of the Bank, (ii) any amounts advanced to PSINet Europe Limited, an Irish corporation, but only to the extent of advances or investments by The Chatterjee Group in or to PSI or its Subsidiaries for that particular purpose, and (iii) any amounts owing to PSI by its Subsidiaries as a result of services rendered by PSI to such Subsidiaries; and (e) loans, advances and guarantees to employees of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in an aggregate amount for all of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries taken together not to exceed $500,000. Section 4.22. Quick Assets to Funded Debt Ratio. As of March 31, 1997 and thereafter, the ratio of Quick Assets to Funded Debt shall at all times equal or exceed 1.25:1.00; provided that if Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in Section 4.24) of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries in any fiscal quarter is equal to or greater than $3,750,000, the ratio of Quick Assets to Funded Debt shall thereafter equal or exceed 1:00:1.00. "Quick Assets" shall mean the sum of all cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, short-term investments (as defined by generally accepted accounting principles), marketable 5 securities (as defined by generally accepted accounting principles) of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. "Funded Debt" shall mean all indebtedness for borrowed money of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries, including without limitation, the Revolving Credit, the Term Credit and Capitalized Leases. Section 4.23. Tangible Net Worth. The Tangible Net Worth shall as of the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 1996 equal or exceed the sum of $67,500,000, plus (X) 80% of all positive Net Income earned during each fiscal quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 1996, plus (Y) 50% of the net tangible proceeds received from the sale by PSI of any shares of its capital stock during each fiscal quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 1996. "Tangible Net Worth" shall mean an amount determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles equal to the difference between (a) the Stockholders' Equity of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis, minus (b) the total book value of all assets of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis which would be treated as intangible assets. "Net Income" shall mean, with respect to any period, the net income (or net loss) of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, after deduction of all expenses, taxes and other proper charges determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; provided, that any gain or loss resulting from an investment by the Borrower and their Subsidiaries in any Affiliate which is not a Subsidiary shall not be included for purposes of determining Net Income, and provided further that any gain or loss resulting from any extraordinary or non-recurring item shall not be included for purposes of determining Net Income. "Stockholders' Equity" shall mean an amount determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles equal to the difference between (a) the assets of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis minus (b) the liabilities of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a Consolidated basis. Section 4.24. Consolidated EBITDA. (a) As of the last day of the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 1997, the Borrowers shall have Consolidated EBITDA of not less than ($7,500,000). (b) As of the last day of the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 1997, the Borrowers shall have Consolidated EBITDA of not less than ($3,000,000). 6 (c) As of the last day of the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 1997, the Borrowers shall have Consolidated EBITDA of not less than $2,500,000. "Consolidated EBITDA" shall mean Adjusted Net Income plus to the extent deducted in determining Adjusted Net Income, interest expense of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for such period. "Adjusted Net Income" shall mean, with respect to any period, the total of (a) Net Income with respect to such period, plus (b) to the extent deducted in determining Net Income, taxes, depreciation and amortization expenses of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis for such period. Section 4.25. Leverage Ratio. The ratio of the Borrowers' and their Subsidiaries' Total Liabilities (excluding any liabilities of the Borrowers recorded as deferred revenue as a result of the accounting treatment by the Borrowers of service contract revenues) on a consolidated basis to Tangible Net Worth shall not exceed 1.25:1.00; provided that if the Consolidated EBITDA of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries in any fiscal quarter is equal to or greater than $3,750,000, the ratio of Total Liabilities to Tangible Net Worth shall thereafter not exceed 1.50:1.00. "Total Liabilities" shall mean all liabilities of the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis that are treated as liabilities under generally accepted accounting principles, including the Revolving Credit and the Term Credit. Section 4.26. Debt Service Ratio. The ratio of Consolidated EBITDA to Debt Service shall, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 1997 equal or exceed 1.00:1.00. "Debt Service" shall mean, with respect to any period, all payments of principal or interest by the Borrowers and their Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis on account of indebtedness for borrowed money including, without limitation, payment of principal and interest on account of the Credit. 3. Section 4.29 is hereby added to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement as follows: "Section 4.29. Stock Acquisition Agreement Relating to InterCon. The Borrowers shall deliver to the Bank executed copies of the Stock Acquisition Agreement and all material documents, instruments and agreements executed in connection therewith." 4. The Bank hereby consents to the Sale for all purposes under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, as amended. Simultaneously with the Closing (as defined under 7 the Stock Acquisition Agreement), the Bank agrees to execute and deliver to the Borrower all documents reasonably necessary to release its liens on the assets of Software and InterCon and to release all obligations of InterCon and Software to the Bank, including without limitation, all guaranties. 5. Schedules 2.02 and 2.17 to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, are hereby amended as provided on Schedule I attached hereto effective upon Closing (as defined in the Stock Acquisition Agreement). 6. After giving effect to this Agreement, all representations and warranties made by the Borrowers in the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and the Security Documents are true and correct as of the date hereof, except for those representations which relate to a specific date which are true and correct as of such date. 7. The Borrowers represent, on behalf of themselves and each of their Subsidiaries, that they have performed and complied with all covenants and agreements required to be performed and complied with by them under the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and this Agreement and the Security Documents as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and this Agreement except to the extent performance or compliance has been waived in writing by the Bank. 8. Except as amended by the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and this Agreement and any other written agreements of the Bank, all provisions of the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, the Security Documents and all other documents referred to therein shall remain in full force and effect after giving effect to this Agreement. 9. The amendments set forth in this Agreement shall not be effective, and the Bank shall not be obligated to amend, modify or alter the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement unless and until all of the following conditions shall have been fulfilled or waived by the Bank: (a) Closing. The Closing (as defined in the Stock Acquisition Agreement) shall have taken place and the Borrower shall have received the consideration provided for therein. (b) Fee. The Bank shall have received from the Borrowers a fee of $50,000 in connection with this Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. 10. This Agreement represents the entire agreement among the parties thereto relating to the amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement effected hereby, and supersedes all prior understandings and agreements among the parties relating to the subject matter of this amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. 8 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement under seal as of the date first above written. PSINET INC. By: /s/ William L. Schrader ------------------------------ Name: William L. Schrader Title: President & CEO PSINET PIPELINE NEW YORK, INC.* By: /s/ William L. Schrader ------------------------------ Name: William L. Schrader Title: President & CEO FLEET NATIONAL BANK By: /s/ Thomas W. Davies ------------------------------ Name: Thomas W. Davies Title: Vice President *PSINet Pipeline New York, Inc. executes this Agreement for the sole purpose of acknowledging and confirming that the Obligations under the Security Documents shall be deemed to include any additional Obligations created by this Agreement. 9 EX-11. 11 EX-11.1 Exhibit 11.1 PSINet Inc. Calculation of Loss per Share and Weighted Average Shares Used in Calculation (1) YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 ----------------- Weighted average shares outstanding: Common stock: Shares outstanding at beginning of year...................... 37,914,932 Weighted average shares issued during the year ended December 31, 1996 (2,198,302 shares)................................ 1,463,072 ----------------- 39,378,004 ----------------- ----------------- Net loss..................................................... $ (55,097,000) ----------------- ----------------- Loss per share............................................... $ (1.40) ----------------- ----------------- (1) For a description of loss per share, see Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. EX-11.2 12 EX-11.2 Exhibit 11.2 PSINet Inc. Calculation of Pro Forma Loss per Share and Weighted Average Shares Used in Calculation (1)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995 ----------------- Weighted average shares outstanding: Common stock: Shares outstanding at beginning of year.................................... 13,041,266 Shares from conversion of redeemable preferred stock, assuming conversion as of beginning of year.................................................. 10,042,680 Weighted average shares issued to employees under revenue bonus plan (18,300 shares).......................................................... 18,021 Weighted average shares issued for the acquisition of Pipeline (2,690,218 shares).................................................................. 2,413,723 Weighted average shares issued for the conversion of certain Pipeline employee stock options (98,255 shares)................................... 88,157 Weighted average shares issued in connection with initial public offering (4,370,000 shares)....................................................... 2,828,361 Weighted average shares issued for the acquisition of InterCon (921,612 shares).................................................................. 496,676 Weighted average shares issued for the acquisition of Software Ventures (762,208 shares)......................................................... 357,814 Weighted average shares issued for the acquisition of EUnet (42,011 shares).................................................................. 18,555 Weighted average shares issued in connection with public offering (4,000,000 shares issued by the Company)................................. 66,667 Weighted average shares issued during the year ended December 31, 1995 (1,928,382 shares)....................................................... 460,947 ----------------- 29,832,867 ----------------- ----------------- Net loss................................................................... $ (53,160,000) ----------------- ----------------- Pro forma loss per share (unaudited)....................................... $ (1.78) ----------------- ----------------- - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) For a description of pro forma loss per share, see Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
EX-11.3 13 EX-11.3 Exhibit 11.3 PSINet Inc. Calculation of Pro Forma Loss per Share and Weighted Average Shares Used in Calculation (1) YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994 ----------------- Weighted average shares outstanding: Common stock: Shares outstanding at beginning of year............................................ 12,309,283 19,803 shares issued from January 1, 1994 through March 7, 1994........................ 14,117 712,180 shares issued from March 8, 1994 through December 31, 1994, subject to SAB 83 using the treasury stock method.......................................... 694,134 Shares from conversion of redeemable preferred stock, assuming conversion as of beginning of year......................... 6,852,125 Common stock equivalents: Options and warrants to purchase 649,450 shares of common stock granted from March 8, 1994 through December 31, 1994, subject to SAB 83 using the treasury stock method........................... 525,231 20,394,890 ---------- ---------- Net loss.......................................... $(5,342,000) ----------- ----------- Pro forma loss per share (unaudited).............. $(0.26) ----------- ----------- - ----------------------------------------------------------------- - ----------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For a description of pro forma loss per share, see Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K. EX-13 14 EX-13 [CLIPART] A new line has been drawn in corporate communications. The Internet has now become the shortest distance between two points-- spanning countries as well as continents. This vast network of networks has emerged as a powerful tool to help companies connect to customers, suppliers, and employees around the world. With Internet services available to the great majority of the world's business communities, PSINet offers the optimal path to cost-effective worldwide networking and enhanced productivity. [CLIPART] About the Company PSINet Inc. (PSINet) was the first company to offer commercial Internet services and today operates one of the world's largest fast-packet networks. Our 350 network-access locations in the U.S., Canada, Europe, and Japan give PSINet customers worldwide reach. PSINet's services, from dial-up and dedicated Internet access to value-added services such as corporate intranets and electronic commerce, provide the most complete business Internet solutions available today. Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Data (In thousands, except per share and operating data)
Year Ended December 31, -------------------------------------------------------------- Statement of Operations Data: 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 -------- -------- -------- --------- --------- Revenue $ 6,442 $ 8,665 $ 15,214 $ 38,722 $ 84,352 Other income, net (1) -- -- -- -- 5,417 EBITDA (2) 1,752 (166) (1,479) (27,901) (28,046) Income (loss) before income taxes and extraordinary item 689 (2,159) (5,342) (53,160) (55,256) Net income (loss) 430 (1,913) (5,342) (53,160) (55,097) Pro forma loss per share (3) $ (0.26) $ (1.78) Loss per share (3) $ (1.40) Shares used in computing pro forma loss per share and loss per share (3) 20,395 29,832 39,378 End of Period Operating Data: Number of Points-of-Presence (POPs) 38 68 82 241 350 Number of corporate accounts 1,980 2,830 4,220 8,200 17,800
December 31, -------------------------------------------------------------- Balance Sheet Data: 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 -------- -------- -------- --------- --------- Cash and short-term investments $ 240 $ 1,865 $ 3,358 $ 102,710 $ 57,344 Working capital (680) 136 (1,554) 83,627 23,186 Total assets 4,291 13,821 17,055 201,830 177,112 Lines of credit and current portion of long-term debt and capital lease obligations 701 2,540 3,369 16,643 26,915 Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, less current portion 599 3,581 4,397 24,130 26,938 Redeemable common and preferred stock 773 6,725 13,617 -- -- Shareholders' equity (deficit) 1,124 (1,427) (8,283) 143,230 89,783
(1) Represents the consideration received, net of related asset costs and transfer expenses relating to the sale of the Company's consumer dial-up Internet access subscribers and related tangible and intangible assets. (2) EBITDA represents earnings (loss) before depreciation and amortization, interest income and expense, income tax expense (benefit), extraordinary items and equity in loss of affiliate and, in 1995, intangible asset write-down. EBITDA is not determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, is not indicative of cash used by operating activities and should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to, or more meaningful than, measures of performance determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. (3) For a description of the computation of pro forma loss per share and loss per share and shares used in computing pro forma loss per share and loss per share, see Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report to Shareholders. To My Fellow Shareholders In 1996, the Internet did more than just capture the imagination of the global business community; it earned a central role as an indispensable business tool. The percentage of Web sites devoted to business rose to 50 percent, while intranets gained favor as a corporate communications tool. The Internet also took on a growing international dimension as more companies used the Internet to conduct business around the world. PSINet continues to capitalize on these opportunities in order to enhance shareholder value through three strategic growth objectives: profitably increase our share of the business market for Internet services; expand PSINet's international presence; and continue to introduce high-margin, value-added services. PSINet experienced solid growth in its financial results in 1996. Total revenue and other income more than doubled, increasing 132 percent from $38.7 million in 1995 to $89.8 million in 1996. This resulted, in part, from an increase in corporate accounts from 8,200 in 1995 to 17,800 in 1996. The net loss for 1996 was $55.1 million or a loss of $1.40 per share, compared with a loss of $53.2 million or a loss of $1.78 per share in 1995. The continued loss in 1996 reflects PSINet's strategy of investing in the expansion of the PSINet network infrastructure in order to position the Company to compete in the Internet market domestically and internationally. PSINet's balance sheet was healthy at the end of 1996. Cash and short-term investments were $57.3 million. The Company's debt obligations, used to finance the expansion of the PSINet network, increased to a total of $51.8 million. Achievements beyond revenue growth, account growth, and financial position also contributed to the excitement of 1996. PSINet took definitive steps to ensure we would not be distracted from our long-standing primary commitment to business. In the second quarter, we exited the consumer retail business by selling our consumer subscriber base and related support activities to a regional, consumer-oriented Internet Service Provider (ISP). Through our new Wholesale group, we carry the traffic of consumer-based ISPs without incurring the costs of marketing, billing, and customer support for individual subscribers. Also, in the fourth quarter, we were preparing to sell our software subsidiary. This sale was finalized in the first quarter of 1997. Exiting these businesses freed PSINet to devote substantial resources to enhance our product development, marketing, and technical support for our corporate customers. This sharpened business focus paid off by helping PSINet double the number of its corporate accounts in 1996, by improving the revenue per corporate customer, and by increasing the corporate retention rate. In fact, the corporate retention rate rose from 87 percent in 1995 to 94 percent in 1996 and remains a benchmark for the industry. During 1996, we also signed significant new corporate customers. Today, PSINet serves more than a quarter of the Fortune 500 companies. On the international front, we completely overhauled the U.K. company we purchased in 1995, so that it is now recognized as a national leader in commercial-quality Internet services. Our companies in Canada and Japan each doubled in size and enjoy excellent reputations among their respective business communities. In September, we announced PSINet Europe and took the first steps in our plan to build a state-of-the-art pan-European Internet network over the next four years. 2 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Among the most promising elements of the Internet market today are value-added services. PSINet has always been an industry leader in value-added services, having pioneered Web hosting, worldwide remote access, and security services. In 1996, we added three new services to tap this growing market: PSI IntraNetSM, PSIWeb eCommerceSM, and PSINet InternetPaperSM. PSI IntraNet enables companies to build internal virtual networks using Internet standards to allow cost-effective communications among multiple sites. With PSIWeb eCommerce, businesses can electronically reach out to customers and turn the Internet into a vibrant marketplace. Companies can also save time and money by using PSINet InternetPaper to send faxes efficiently and more cost-effectively through the Internet. In the months ahead, we expect that PSINet's success will be fueled not only by the burgeoning number of companies connecting to the Internet but also by the changing expectations of these business customers. Because more businesses are integrating the Internet into their fundamental business processes -- transforming the way they deal with customers, suppliers, and employees -- companies will no longer tolerate low-quality networks and mediocre support. I believe that businesses will migrate to high-quality, full-service, value-added Internet providers. As the world's leading independent commercial Internet provider, PSINet could not be better positioned. By carefully executing our three-part growth strategy -- increasing our share of the business market, expanding internationally, and introducing additional value-added services -- we intend to achieve profitability by the end of 1997 or early 1998. Specific elements in our strategic path to profitability include: increasing network utilization by continuing to increase the number of business customers; maintaining our outstanding customer retention rate by providing the highest quality of service in the industry; continuing to develop effective marketing programs that maintain our growth rate and reduce customer acquisition costs; and remaining focused on our core commercial Internet access market as we carefully grow our network presence around the globe. As always, I thank our loyal shareholders and talented employees for your support. With your help, and the leadership of our strengthened management team, which has added significant expertise in operations, finance, sales, and marketing, PSINet will continue to earn its reputation as the World's Internet Company. Sincerely, /s/ William L. Schrader William L. Schrader Chairman, President, CEO, and Founder [PHOTO] 3 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report [STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY] 4 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report The PSINet Network FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE Businesses whose operations depend on the performance and availability of their Internet applications require a well-engineered, "Internet-optimized" network -- which precisely describes PSINet's key asset. Network architecture matters. The sluggishness encountered by many computer users on the Internet is most often caused not by lack of network capacity but by poor design and the resulting phenomenon called "packet loss." Packet loss causes business customers to encounter poor performance for such critical applications as e-mail, World Wide Web servers, and database access. In 1992, some four years ahead of the competition, PSINet designed and built a network that minimizes packet loss and supports critical business applications. The difference lies in the architecture of PSINet's backbone network and the invaluable network-operations experience PSINet has gained through years of pioneering the Internet. PSINet understands, though, that the ultimate value of the network is not found in its technical building blocks but in what it enables business customers to accomplish. After all, PSINet's well-engineered network provides corporate users with more than just dependable e-mail, reliable customer connections to corporate Web sites, or convenient file transfers. The network is a foundation on which companies can build compelling competitive advantages. By offering around-the-clock availability, the network enables them to enhance mission-critical applications, streamline business processes, and extend their reach to customers around the world. INTERNET-OPTIMIZED FOR BETTER RELIABILITY PSINet employs an elegant, multi-layered switching architecture that was designed from the ground up to optimize Internet traffic. On the first layer, the physical layer, PSINet leases dedicated circuits as part of a private network reserved only for our customers' Internet traffic. On a separate switching layer, PSINet employs an advanced data transmission technology called frame relay, which uses high-speed, computerized switches to aid in speeding Internet traffic through the network. "We are impressed that PSINet has a dedicated security group we can call if we even suspect there might be a problem. And the PSINet infrastructure is so strong--we get clear channel connections to a POP that gives us very reliable performance." Michael Smith, Systems & Operations Manager, American Medical Management American Medical Management (AMM) provides clinical information systems and Internet access solutions to HMOS and large medical practices. 5 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report [STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY] 6 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Because the switching topology of the frame relay network is separate from that of the underlying physical network, PSINet is able to engineer a network backbone that is simple, reliable, and Internet-friendly. The cleaner network topology provided by frame relay switching permits PSINet to better manage patterns of traffic and maintain high packet delivery rates. As a result, Internet packets do not have to make as many "hops" to get to their destinations, and packet loss is minimized. Network reliability also is enhanced by PSINet's use of multiple redundant circuits throughout the network to reduce the impact of single points of failure. Automatic rerouting of traffic sustains service to customers even in the face of individual circuit failures. NETWORK SCALABILITY PSINet's multi-layered switching fabric supports scalability -- the ability to accommodate a growing number of users without proportionate (and costly) increases in network equipment. This ability to minimize network costs while still serving a sharply growing number of customers is the key to keeping PSINet services affordable and reliable. The network has been designed so that it can readily scale up to 2,000 Points-of-Presence (POPs) serving two million customers. PSINet has already established significant capacity, with 350 network POPs in the U.S., Canada, Europe, and Japan. Future network expansion will be driven by customer demand. ENHANCED NETWORK MANAGEMENT An Internet-optimized network design also means better network management. The Company's 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week Network Operations Center remotely monitors the network, performs diagnostics, and checks equipment. The Network Operations Center is also able to control traffic by remotely monitoring bandwidth capacity and rerouting traffic when more capacity or different topologies are needed. BETTER PERFORMANCE, TODAY AND TOMORROW The bottom-line benefits for end users of the industry's best-engineered network are clear. Users experience better application performance and greater reliability. PSINet's low-latency network is perfectly positioned to support emerging multimedia and other interactive corporate applications. Thanks to the flexibility of PSINet's Internet-optimized network, PSINet customers have access to a network ideally suited to support the growing scope of their business objectives that rely on the Internet. "We recently reviewed [our Internet] resources and re-validated PSINet as our vendor of choice [for American Airlines, The SABRE Group, and parent company AMR Corp.] based on the level of performance they have achieved, a high level of customer satisfaction and service, and pricing." Keith Kelly, Manager of Internet and Intranet Technology, The SABRE Group AMR Corp., through American Airlines and The SABRE Group, provides air transportation, reservation services, and IS solutions for the consumer and business travel markets. 7 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Our Customers FORGING LONG-TERM RELATIONSHIPS PSINet's premier network, comprehensive suite of products and services, and global reach attract some of the world's most selective customers. It is PSINet's singular approach to customer service, though, that makes them want to stay with PSINet -- year after year. With the overriding objective of meeting and exceeding customer expectations, PSINet in 1996 made some significant enhancements to customer service. During 1996, PSINet streamlined its customer service organization by integrating a wide range of support functions into a unified team. This team provides a single point of reference for such diverse issues as circuit ordering and installation, network integration, customer billing, and more. With just one call to Customer Administration, customers get quick resolution to a wide range of service issues. Behind this streamlined organization stand the industry's most seasoned Internet experts. Customers can rely on an extraordinary depth of support personnel in a company with more than eight years of experience in Internet-specific customer service. PSINet's enhanced support extends well beyond the point of customer interface. In 1996, PSINet began to upgrade its back-office information infrastructure, which gives us the information necessary to quickly address our customers' needs. The continuous improvement of this infrastructure will allow better access to customer information such as billing, account status, and other inquiries. [PHOTO] PSINet's lasting commitment to customer service is reflected in admirable customer retention rates. In 1996, PSINet customer retention increased to 94 percent, compared to 87 percent in 1995. This retention level is unmatched in an industry characterized by shifting customer allegiances. In 1997, PSINet will build on this loyalty by continuing to enhance its back-office infrastructure, train customer service personnel, and streamline incoming call handling. PSINet recognizes that, while its quality Internet products and services may attract customers, only highly responsive and knowledgeable customer service will keep them as valued, long-term customers. "I would recommend PSINet to anyone based on their service and technical support alone. I have been extremely happy with their level of responsiveness and their proactive technical support." Nataraj Shanmugh, Senior Software Manager, SkyTel SkyTel is a leading provider of one-way and two-way paging systems for the consumer and business markets. 8 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report [STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY] 9 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report The PSINet Portfolio INNOVATION AT WORK PSINet offers the industry's broadest range of products and services designed to help businesses leverage the Internet for powerful competitive advantage. Industry observers have taken notice; Network Computing magazine recognized PSINet as the "Best Internet Access Provider" in 1996. Our portfolio of industry-leading Internet products and services encompasses Internet access as well as value-added services. LAN-On-Demand Businesses just starting out on the Internet can cost-effectively connect to the Internet via a dial-up connection. PSINet's LAN-Dial(R) offers an entry-level Internet solution that provides access to our backbone network via ordinary telephone lines. Another PSINet service, LAN-ISDN, provides dial-up access through digital ISDN lines at speeds four times those of today's commonly used modems. InterRamp(R) Today's work force is no longer confined to four office walls. InterRamp is a remote access service that enables mobile personnel to access their business computing systems and resources using the Internet via any of PSINet's 350 POPs worldwide. Wherever employees work, InterRamp offers full Internet access, flat-rate pricing, and a special Account Management System that allows MIS administrators to remotely control access and review usage statistics. [PHOTO] InterFrame(R) Our flagship service provides companies of all sizes full-time, dedicated Internet connections, along with the traffic- management advantages of frame relay technology. In addition to a range of access speeds, from 56 Kbps to very high-speed 3 Mbps, InterFrame offers comprehensive network security and a unique ability to ensure that bandwidth is always available for priority business applications. Value-added options such as turnkey on-site installation and maintenance help make InterFrame the industry's most versatile and comprehensive Internet access service. "We could not have achieved our current sales levels without the Internet. Our PSINet-run Web site and the extended market reach it has given us has also enabled us to reduce overhead costs." Marilyn Keys, Sales Manager, KP Group KP Group is an international distributor of collectible toys and action figures, using its Web site to promote and sell merchandise around the world. 10 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report InterMAN(R) In many large cities, local telecommunications companies operate metropolitan area networks (MANs), high-speed fiber-optic networks that connect to metro-area business districts. In many of these cities, PSINet has connected its network to the MANS to provide local customers a high- speed Internet access service. This service is ideal for companies needing cost-effective, high-speed access, particularly if many of the interactions are with suppliers or customers connected to the same MAN. InterMAN connection speeds range from 1.5 Mbps to 45 Mbps. PSI IntraNet(R) Combining the security and control of a private network with cost-effective Internet-compatible connectivity, PSI IntraNet integrates an organization's multiple sites -- even when those sites are located around the world -- with IP connectivity ranging from 56 Kbps to 2 Mbps. PSI IntraNet offers internal networks isolation from other Internet traffic, along with turnkey configuration and equipment-management support. PSINet Security Services The growing mission-critical nature of corporate Internet traffic demands rock-solid protection from unauthorized access. PSINet Security Services Inc. delivers a range of managed security services backed by the expertise of our Security Planning and Response Team. Our RouteWallersm service provides cost-effective, managed perimeter defense with sophisticated remote user authentication. SecureEnterprisesm is our managed service designed to protect the enterprise with a full-featured, application-layer firewall. PSIWeb(R) Web hosting and electronic commerce services provided by our subsidiary, PSINet Publishing Corporation, permit companies to market themselves and their products on the Internet without having to invest in servers and extra staff. Reliable 1.5 Mbps to 45 Mbps connectivity enables companies to maintain their Web sites on servers located inside the advanced PSINet backbone. We also help customers design and set up Web sites, provide statistics on Web-site "hits," and offer dynamic publishing options. PSIWeb eCommerce(sm) Our PSIWeb eCommerce service provides the building blocks to create and manage "Virtual Storefronts" and gives shoppers the ability to make secure purchases using "electronic wallets." This service integrates a secure payment system to process transactions with virtual store technology to facilitate a seamless shopping experience. PSINet InternetPaper(sm) Since a significant portion of international telecommunications traffic consists of fax transmissions, companies are looking for ways to better manage fax costs. PSINet InternetPaper supports hard-copy distribution of electronic documents from desktop PCs to any fax machine in the world. This service offers centralized management of document distribution, significantly reducing transmission costs. Support Services All PSINet services are backed by our customer service and support teams. Customers have 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week access to operations support from PSINet's Network Information and Support Center, and our Customer Support Group provides support for issues such as telecommunications, e-mail, installation, IP connectivity, and domain name services. 11 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report [STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY] 12 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Global Expansion A WORLD OF OPPORTUNITY Highly favorable economic, technical, and regulatory developments around the world highlight the importance of PSINet's ongoing international expansion. With a growing presence in North America, Asia, and Europe, PSINet's goal is to deliver to these regions a broad range of business applications, a superior network, and responsive customer support. THE INTERNET UNSHACKLED The time is right for PSINet's global expansion. Until recently, relatively low computer penetration globally, coupled with the resistance of telephone monopolies, had inhibited the worldwide expansion of the Internet. One by one, these hurdles are disappearing. First, the penetration of personal computers into international workplaces is accelerating. In Europe alone the use of PCs in the work place is expected to more than double by the year 2000. Regulatory barriers are also rapidly collapsing. By 1998, countries in the European Union are slated to open their telecommunications markets to competition, and Asian countries including Japan are becoming increasingly deregulated. Competition is vital to the globalization of the Internet because it spurs network infrastructure development by lowering the costs to both ISPs and customers. [PHOTO] The unshackled Internet is extending its reach into every corner of the world. Especially promising are the opportunities in Europe and Asia. Europe, with more than a quarter-million Internet subscribers, is adding business subscribers at an annual rate of nearly 200 percent. Asia, which boasts more than half the world's population and eight out of 10 of the world's fastest-growing companies, is also seeing tremendous Internet growth. PSINet'S GLOBAL INITIATIVE In 1996, PSINet announced plans to significantly expand its international presence, including an ambitious expansion of the company's European "footprint." Over the next four years, PSINet Europe will build an Internet backbone that will eventually be available to three-quarters of European businesses. Adding to our current network locations in Brussels, Frankfurt, and cities throughout the U.K., PSINet will expand its international infrastructure and "We needed to be able to meet the international market demands on a 24-hour basis. As we ventured into this new technology, we found PSINet to be very helpful in getting us started. PSINet continues to support us by providing on-going technical guidance and information about new options and services." Lyn Morgan, Marketing Manager, Austin International Austin International distributes electrical utility equipment such as transformers, meters, and capacitors to utility companies worldwide. 13 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report network POPS in 1997 in key cities such as Berlin, Madrid, Milan, Munich, Rome, and Stockholm. By establishing a significant early presence in the emerging European market, PSINet will be well-positioned to compete. Beginning in 1997, when these additional network locations become operational, European companies will have access to the same advanced network and value-added services PSINet's current customers already enjoy. They will receive one-stop ordering, consolidated in-currency billing, and centralized network monitoring, all provided by a PSINet Europe operation in their home country. As PSINet worked to establish these new ventures in 1996, the Company also enjoyed significant growth in its existing subsidiaries. The overhaul of PSINet UK's infrastructure helped PSINet win some of the world's leading high-tech and blue-chip customers. Headquartered in Cambridge, England, PSINet UK operates 81 network POPs and offers local-call access to 100 percent of businesses in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. In Canada, PSINet Limited grew in seven months from a start-up company to Canada's third-largest corporate Internet Service Provider, with 15 POPs available to at least 70 percent of Canadian businesses. In Japan, where PSINet's subsidiary has operated for more than two years, the corporate subscriber base grew steadily. With local access available to Japan's three largest metro areas and 90 percent of all Japanese businesses, PSINet Japan is now one of the country's top ten ISPs. BEYOND BORDERS PSINet has an integrated strategy to establish a global presence, and the results are manifest. By the end of 1996, nearly one-third of PSINet's network POPs were located outside the United States. The globalization of PSINet will continue as the Company's international expansion takes shape in the months ahead. By the year 2000, about half of PSINet's revenues and half of its corporate customers will likely come from outside the United States. The Internet is now a world- wide phenomenon, and PSINet is a worldwide solution. A LINE ON THE FUTURE The Internet is driven by business. What was once thought of by many as primarily a technical curiosity or a personal enrichment tool is now penetrating deeply into the fundamental, daily processes of companies. The Internet will, in the future, be driven by business applications, and its scope will extend into every corner of the world. It will be as indispensable to running a business as a telephone or an accounting ledger. Whom should companies trust to provide access to this remarkable and essential business tool? They should choose an Internet Service Provider that achieves the perfect balance between visionary thinking and a practical record of achievement -- a company with a superior network, a global presence, and a dedication to its customers. That is why we say that the shortest distance between two points is an electronic line called the Internet, and the best network on which to travel this global path is PSINet. As the first company to introduce the Internet to the business world, PSINet is dedicated to keeping our customers well-connected to the future of global networking. 14 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report [STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY] 15 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report [STOCK PHOTOGRAPHY] 16 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Financial Review Page Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .................................................. 18 Report of Independent Accountants .......................................... 24 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1995 and 1996 ............... 25 Consolidated Statements of Operations for Each of the Three Years Ended December 31, 1996 ............................................... 26 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Deficit) for Each of the Three Years Ended December 31, 1996 .. 27 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Each of the Three Years Ended December 31, 1996 ............................................... 28 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ................................. 29 17 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Managment's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. This discussion includes certain forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors. For a discussion of certain factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements, see "Risk Factors" set forth in Item 1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Company's periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company provides Internet access, services and products throughout the United States and internationally. The Company offers a broad spectrum of Internet access services to corporate customers ranging from dial-up services to continuous access services using dedicated high-speed telephone circuits, Web site design and hosting services, training and consulting services, Internet access security services and client software products. At December 31, 1996, the Company served approximately 17,800 corporate customers including 22 consumer-oriented Internet service providers ("ISPs") through approximately 350 network local access points called Points-of-Presence or "POPs." In mid-1996, the Company responded to market pressures in the consumer dial-up Internet access business and altered its strategy to include providing wholesale access services to consumer-oriented providers of Internet access services in the United States, rather than providing the consumer access services directly. Pursuant to network access agreements with other ISPs, the Company provides them Internet connection services which allow their subscribers to connect to the Internet through PSINet's network POPs. The agreements call for the other ISPs to pay specified fees to PSINet for each subscriber using the PSINet network. The Company currently does not anticipate that it will incur significant capital expenditures in order to service its existing wholesale customers. In connection with the introduction of its new consumer wholesale strategy, as indicated above, the Company restructured its operations and eliminated certain positions relating to these services. No significant restructuring charges resulted from this new strategy. [PHOTO] To further refine the Company's focus on corporate Internet services, in early 1997, the Company sold its software subsidiary, InterCon Systems Corporation ("InterCon"),to Ascend Communications, Inc. ("Ascend") for $12 million in cash. The Company also received $8.5 million in cash from Ascend as repayment of intercompany debt owed by InterCon to the Company. Revenue and expenses of its software subsidiary, included in the Company's consolidated statements of operations, were $5.0 million and $21.3 million, respectively for 1995 and $4.8 million and $17.0 million, respectively for 1996. Since the commencement of the Company's operations in 1989, the Company has undertaken a program of developing and expanding its network. In connection with this development and expansion, the Company has made significant investments in telecommunications circuits and equipment. These investments generally are made in advance of anticipated customer growth and resulting revenue. The Company also has increased its sales and marketing, customer support, network operations and field services commitments in anticipation of the expansion of its customer base. These expansion efforts have caused the Company to experience increases in expenses from time to time, both in absolute terms and as a percentage of revenue, in anticipation of potential future growth in the Company's customer base. The nature and amount of these expenses may fluctuate over time as the Company shifts its focus from expanding its network to refining and enhancing its existing network. 18 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report 1996 as Compared to 1995 Results of Operations Revenue. Revenue is derived from the sale of Internet access and related services to businesses and individuals and from the sale of connectivity software products. Revenue increased by 117.8% from approximately $38.7 million in 1995 to approximately $84.4 million in 1996. The increase in revenue in 1996 compared to 1995 resulted principally from greater sales of Internet services to businesses. The Company believes this increase was attributable to a number of factors including: an increase in the number of subscribers facilitated by an increase in the number of POPs in operation; an expansion of the Company's sales force; and greater public awareness and acceptance of the Internet. The Company's corporate subscriber base increased by approximately 117.1% from approximately 8,200 corporate customers at December 31, 1995 to approximately 17,800 corporate customers including 22 consumer-oriented ISPs at December 31, 1996. The Company's network infrastructure increased from approximately 240 POPs at December 31, 1995 to approximately 350 POPs at December 31, 1996. Other Income, Net. Other income, net consists of the consideration received, net of related asset costs and transfer expenses relating to the transfer of substantially all of the Company's individual consumer subscribers and certain related tangible and intangible assets, in connection with the implementation of the Company's consumer wholesale strategy, during the second and third quarters of 1996. Other income, net was approximately $5.4 million for 1996. Data Communications and Operations. Data communications and operations expenses consist primarily of leased long distance circuit costs, local loop costs, expenses associated with network operations, customer support and field service functions and software operations expenses. Data communications and operations expenses were approximately $32.1 million (83.0% of revenue) and approximately $70.1 million (83.1% of revenue) during 1995 and 1996, respectively. The $38.0 million increase in 1996 in data communications and operations expenses as compared to the same period in 1995 related principally to increases in (i) costs associated with providing dedicated circuits to the Company's InterFrame and InterMan subscribers and (ii) circuit costs relating to the Company's new POPs deployed in late 1995 and early 1996. The increase also was due, to a lesser extent, to an increase in personnel costs resulting from the expansion of the Company's network operations, customer support and field service staff concentrated in late 1995 and early 1996. The number of network operations, customer support and field service personnel employed by the Company at December 31, 1996 was lower than the number of such personnel employed at December 31, 1995 due to the transfer of approximately 75 employees to another ISP in connection with the implementation of the Company's consumer wholesale strategy. Circuit costs relating to the Company's new POPs generally are incurred by the Company in advance of anticipated expansion in the Company's customer base. Although the Company expects that data communications and operations expenses will continue to increase as the Company's customer base continues to grow, it anticipates that such expenses will decrease as a percentage of revenue. Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of sales and marketing personnel costs, advertising costs, fulfillment and distribution costs and related occupancy costs. Sales and marketing expenses increased from approximately $23.9 million (61.8% of revenue) during 1995 to approximately $27.1 million (32.1% of revenue) during 1996. The $3.2 million in-crease in 1996 resulted principally from a $2.0 million increase in sales and marketing activity relating to the Company's subsidiaries in Canada and the U.K. All advertising and marketing costs are expensed in the period incurred. The Company expects that, as a result of the implementation of its consumer wholesale strategy and its continued efforts to focus on increasing its customer base, its sales and marketing expenses will decrease as a percentage of revenue over time. General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and occupancy costs for executive, financial, legal, and administrative personnel. General and administrative expenses were approximately $10.6 million (27.3% of revenue) during 1995 and approximately $20.6 million (24.5% of revenue) during 1996. The $10.0 million increase in 1996 principally relates to increased general and administrative staff and activity over 1995. The Company may from time to time adjust its general and administrative function in response to current business developments. 19 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization costs were approximately $14.8 million (38.2% of revenue) during 1995 and approximately $28.0 million (33.2% of revenue) during 1996. A significant portion of this $13.2 million increase relates to POP expansion and existing POP equipment upgrades as well as facility expansion required as a result of additional hiring in sales, marketing and administration in 1995 and early 1996. Additionally, a full year of amortization on certain intangible assets, recorded in connection with acquisitions completed in 1995, contributed to this increase. The Company anticipates that, based upon its present business plan for its existing operations, its depreciation and amortization expense will not change materially as compared to 1996 despite the decrease due to the transfer of certain tangible and intangible assets, in connection with the implementation of the Company's consumer wholesale strategy, in the second and third quarters of 1996 and the sale of its software operations in the first quarter of 1997. The Company anticipates that this decrease will be offset by increases in depreciation as the Company continues to incur capital expenditures associated with network infrastructure enhancements. Interest Expense. Interest expense increased from approximately $2.0 million in 1995 to approximately $5.0 million in 1996. The increase in interest expense in 1996 was principally due to increased borrowings and capital lease obligations incurred by the Company to finance network expansion and to fund working capital requirements. The Company may incur increased borrowings and capital lease obligations in the near term in connection with its network enhancements which would impact the amount of the Company's interest expense. Interest Income. Interest income increased from approximately $1.6 million in 1995 to approximately $3.8 million in 1996. The increase in interest income in 1996 was principally due to the investment of proceeds from the Company's public offering in December 1995. The remaining proceeds available are currently invested in short-term, investment grade, interest bearing securities. Other income. Other income of approximately $2.9 million in 1996 relates to the recognition of realized gains on equity securities which were sold by the Company. Net Loss. As a result of the factors discussed above, the Company's net loss was approximately $53.2 million and $55.1 million for 1995 and 1996, respectively. 1995 Compared to 1994 Results of Operations Revenue. Revenue during these periods was derived from the sale of Internet access and related services to organizations and individuals and, as a result of acquisitions of Internet software companies in 1995, from the sale of connectivity software products. Revenue increased by 154.5% from approximately $15.2 million in 1994 to approximately $38.7 million in 1995. Prior to the Company's acquisitions of the Internet software companies in 1995, the Company did not recognize any material revenue from the sale of connectivity software products. Revenue attributable to the sale of software was $5.0 million, or 12.8% of revenue during 1995. The increase in Internet access revenue for 1995 resulted principally from greater sales of Internet services to organizations and individuals that the Company believes were facilitated by a number of factors including: an increase in the number of subscribers driven by an increase during 1995 in the number of POPs in operation; an expansion of the Company's sales force during 1995; the introduction of the Company's InterRamp service to individuals in June 1994; the Company's acquisition of a consumer-oriented ISP during February 1995; and greater public awareness and acceptance of the Internet. The Company's corporate customer base increased by 94.3% from approximately 4,220 corporate customers at December 31, 1994 to approximately 8,200 corporate customers at December 31, 1995 and its individual subscriber base increased from approximately 4,910 individual subscribers at December 31, 1994 to approximately 75,000 individual subscribers at December 31, 1995. The Company's network infrastructure increased from approximately 80 POPs at December 31, 1994 to approximately 240 POPs at December 31, 1995. Sales generated by NYSERNet, Inc. ("NYSERNet"), which historically marketed PSINet services to educational institutions, accounted for approximately $2.1 million and $0.7 million of the Company's revenue during 1994 and 1995, respectively. The Company terminated arrangements with NYSERNet as of December 31, 1995. Data Communications and Operations. Data communications and operations expenses during these periods consisted primarily of leased long distance circuit costs, local loop costs, and expenses associated with network operations, customer support and field service functions and software operations expenses. Data communications and operations expenses were approximately $9.5 million (62.4% of revenue) and approximately $32.1 million (83.0% of revenue) during 20 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report 1994 and 1995, respectively. The $22.6 million increase for 1995 in data communications and operations expenses as compared to 1994 related principally to increases in (i) personnel expenses resulting from an increase in the Company's network operations, customer support and field service staff from 68 persons at December 31, 1994 to 318 persons at December 31, 1995, (ii) expenses associated with providing dedicated circuits to the Company's InterFrame and InterMan subscribers and (iii) circuit costs relating to the Company's new POPs, opened during 1995. Software operations expenses during these periods consistedprimarily of materials, fulfillment and distribution costs and other personnel costs related to the research and development of Internet software applications. Software expenses, included in data communications and operations expenses, were $2.5 million during 1995. The Company began to recognize software expenses as a result of the Company's acquisitions of its Internet software subsidiaries during 1995; therefore, there are no comparative numbers for 1994. Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses during these periods consisted primarily of sales and marketing personnel costs, advertising costs, fulfillment and distribution costs and related occupancy costs. Sales and marketing expenses increased from approximately $3.6 million (23.7% of revenue) during 1994 to approximately $23.9 million (61.8% of revenue) during 1995. The $20.3 million increase for 1995 resulted principally from the increase in the Company's sales and marketing staff from 40 persons at December 31, 1994 to 174 persons at December 31, 1995 and a significant increase in advertising targeted toward corporate customers for the InterFrame and LAN On-Demand services and toward individual customers for the InterRamp and Pipeline services. General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses during these periods consisted primarily of salaries and occupancy costs for executive, financial, legal, and administrative personnel. General and administrative expenses were approximately $3.6 million (23.7% of revenue) during 1994 and approximately $10.6 million (27.3% of revenue) during 1995. The increase in these costs for 1995 resulted primarily from an increase in the Company's general and administrative staff from 44 persons at December 31, 1994 to 125 persons at December 31, 1995. Intangible Asset Write-Down. In December 1995, a pretax charge of $9.9 million was recorded related to the permanent impairment of certain intangible assets which resulted from the Company's plan, adopted in the first quarter of 1996, to merge the operations of its Internet software subsidiaries. This charge, which had no immediate cash effect, recognized the permanent impairment in the value of certain intangibles including tradenames, a non-compete agreement, certain software costs and goodwill. Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization costs were approximately $3.2 million (20.9% of revenue) during 1994 and approximately $14.8 million (38.2% of revenue) during 1995. A significant portion of this increase (approximately $7.7 million for 1995) related to the amortization of certain intangible assets recorded in connection with acquisitions in 1995. Additionally, POP expansion and existing POP equipment upgrades as well as facility expansion required as a result of additional hiring in sales, marketing and administration contributed to this increase. Interest Expense. Interest expense increased from approximately $700,000 during 1994 to approximately $2.0 million during 1995. The increase in interest expense for 1995 was principally due to increased borrowings and capital lease obligations incurred by the Company to finance network expansion, related sales and marketing, customer support, network operations and field service staff expansion and to fund working capital requirements. Interest Income. Interest income increased from approximately $86,000 during 1994 to approximately $1.6 million during 1995. The increase in interest income for 1995 was principally due to the investment of proceeds from the Company's sale of equity securities in 1995. Net Loss. Net loss was approximately $5.3 million and $53.2 million in 1994 and 1995, respectively. These losses reflected PSINet's strategy of early investment in expanding the PSINet network and the administrative and operational infrastructure designed to position the Company to compete in the Internet market domestically and internationally. The Company's net loss in 1995 included a pretax charge of $9.9 million related to the permanent impairment of certain intangible assets which resulted from the Company's plan, adopted in the first quarter of 1996, to merge the operations and products of its Internet software subsidiaries. 21 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report Quarterly Results The following tables set forth certain unaudited quarterly financial data, and such data expressed as a percentage of revenue, for the eight quarters ended December 31, 1996. In the opinion of management, the unaudited information set forth has been prepared on the same basis as the audited information and includes all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the information set forth herein. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.
(In thousands, except per share amounts) Quarter Ended ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1995 1996 ----------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- Mar 31 June 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 Mar 31 June 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Revenue ........................... $ 5,887 $ 7,703 $ 11,115 $ 14,017 $ 17,181 $ 20,219 $ 24,147 $ 22,804 Other income, net ................. -- -- -- -- -- 2,400 3,017 -- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 5,887 7,703 11,115 14,017 17,181 22,619 27,164 22,804 Operating costs and expenses: Data communications and operations .................. 4,303 6,732 9,379 11,710 13,942 16,529 19,698 19,933 Sales and marketing ............ 1,840 3,526 7,093 11,471 7,844 7,021 6,000 6,199 General and administrative ..... 1,181 2,401 2,799 4,188 5,475 4,228 5,309 5,636 Intangible asset write-down .... -- -- -- 9,938 -- -- -- -- Depreciation and amortization... 1,666 2,162 4,899 6,051 6,182 7,026 8,377 6,450 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Total operating costs and expenses ................ 8,990 14,821 24,170 43,358 33,443 34,804 39,384 38,218 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Loss from operations .............. (3,103) (7,118) (13,055) (29,341) (16,262) (12,185) (12,220) (15,414) Interest expense .................. (254) (378) (484) (848) (857) (1,386) (1,411) (1,371) Interest income ................... 89 499 549 488 1,224 943 1,179 448 Other income ...................... -- -- -- -- 1,068 1,776 19 -- Equity in loss of affiliate ....... (12) (39) (60) (93) (100) (107) (100) (500) -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Loss before income taxes .......... (3,280) (7,036) (13,050) (29,794) (14,927) (10,959) (12,533) (16,837) Income tax (benefit) expense ...... (65) 65 -- -- (39) (40) (40) (40) -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Net loss .......................... $ (3,215) $ (7,101) $(13,050) $(29,794) $(14,888) $(10,919) $(12,493) $(16,797) ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== Pro forma loss per share (1) ...... $ (0.12) $ (0.23) ======== ======== Loss per share (1) ................ $ (0.40) $ (0.89) $ (0.39) $ (0.28) $ (0.31) $ (0.42) ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== Shares used in computing pro forma loss per share and loss per share ............. 26,857 30,341 32,328 33,466 38,178 39,379 39,888 40,085 ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========
(1) Since there are changes in the weighted average number of shares outstanding each quarter, the sum of the pro forma loss per share and the loss per share by quarter may not equal the pro forma loss per share for 1995 and loss per share for 1996. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quarter Ended ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1995 1996 -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- Mar 31 June 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 Mar 31 June 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Revenue .................................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Other income, net .......................... -- -- -- -- -- 11.8 12.5 -- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 111.8 112.5 100.0 Operating costs and expenses: Data communications and operations ........................... 73.1 87.4 84.4 83.5 81.1 81.7 81.6 87.4 Sales and marketing ..................... 31.2 45.8 63.8 81.8 45.7 34.7 24.8 27.2 General and administrative .............. 20.1 31.2 25.2 29.9 31.9 20.9 22.0 24.7 Intangible asset write-down ............. -- -- -- 70.9 -- -- -- -- Depreciation and amortization ........... 28.3 28.0 44.1 43.2 36.0 34.8 34.7 28.3 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Total operating costs and expenses ......................... 152.7 192.4 217.5 309.3 194.7 172.1 163.1 167.6 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Loss from operations ....................... (52.7) (92.4) (117.5) (209.3) (94.7) (60.3) (50.6) (67.6) Interest expense ........................... (4.3) (4.9) (4.3) (6.0) (5.0) (6.9) (5.8) (6.0) Interest income ............................ 1.5 6.5 4.9 3.5 7.1 4.7 4.9 2.0 Other income ............................... -- -- -- -- 6.2 8.8 0.1 -- Equity in loss of affiliate ................ (0.2) (0.5) (0.5) (0.7) (0.5) (0.5) (0.5) (2.2) ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Loss before income taxes ................... (55.7) (91.3) (117.4) (212.5) (86.9) (54.2) (51.9) (73.8) Income tax (benefit) expense ............... (1.1) 0.9 -- -- (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) (0.2) ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Net loss ................................... (54.6)% (92.2)% (117.4)% (212.5)% (86.7)% (54.0)% (51.7)% (73.6)% ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ===== =====
22 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report The Company's quarterly operating results have fluctuated and will continue to fluctuate from period to period depending upon factors such as the success of the Company's efforts to expand its customer base, changes in, and the timing of expenses relating to, the refinement and enhancement of the Company's network and the development of new services and sales and marketing and changes in pricing policies by the Company or its competitors. In view of the significant historical growth of the Company's operations, the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its financial results should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance and that the Company may experience significant period-to-period fluctuations in operating results in the future. The Company expects to focus in the near term on building and increasing its customer base, which may require it to increase its expenses for personnel, marketing, network infrastructure and the development of new services from time to time. Liquidity and Capital Resources Historically, the Company has satisfied its cash requirements through cash from operations, through borrowings and capital lease financings from financial institutions and other third parties and through the issuance of equity securities. Cash flow used in operating activities was approximately $1.1 million, $30.1 million and $32.5 million for 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Cash flow used in operating activities can vary significantly from period to period depending upon the timing of operating cash receipts and payments, especially accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Cash flow used in investing activities for 1994, 1995 and 1996 was approximately $1.9 million, $22.0 million and $6.9 million, respectively. The expansion of the Company's network resulted in capital expenditures of approximately $5.0 million, $45.2 million and $38.4 million for 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively (which included capital expenditures financed under equipment financing agreements aggregating approximately $2.5 million, $29.1 million and $25.6 million during such respective periods). Additionally, during 1996, the Company invested approximately $17.2 million in equity and debt securities with original maturities of greater than 90 days. These decreases in cash were partially offset by $15.8 million in proceeds from the sale of equity and debt securities and partial proceeds of $8.5 million from the transfer of substantially all of the Company's individual subscriber accounts and related tangible and intangible assets and rights in connection with the implementation of the Company's consumer wholesale strategy. Cash flow provided by financing activities for 1994 and 1995 was approximately $4.5 million and $151.4 million, respectively, while the cash flow used in financing activities for 1996 was approximately $10.5 million. The Company raised approximately $146.9 million of equity, net of expenses, in 1995. During 1996, the Company made repayments aggregating $20.8 million on its financing facilities. Additionally, during 1996, the Company received proceeds from the issuance of approximately $8.3 million of notes payable. As of December 31, 1996, the Company had approximately $52.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, approximately $4.6 million of short-term investments and marketable securities, approximately $17.3 million available under financing facilities for the future financing of data communications equipment and other fixed assets, and a $5.0 million working capital facility, subject to availability under a borrowing base formula (at December 31, 1996 a maximum availability of approximately $4.1 million) under which $2.1 million was available as of December 31, 1996. The Company's borrowing facility with a bank and certain of its capital lease obligations, which are secured by substantially all of the Company's assets, require the Company to satisfy certain financial covenants and restrict the payment of dividends. As of December 31, 1996, the Company had commitments to certain telecommunications vendors totaling approximately $14.5 million. The commitments require minimum monthly usage levels of data and voice communications over the next five years. Additionally, the Company has various agreements to lease office space and facilities, and as of December 31, 1996, the Company was obligated to make future minimum lease payments of approximately $14.6 million on non-cancellable operating leases expiring in various years through 2005. Based upon its present business plan, the Company believes that working capital, funds from operations, existing credit facilities and additional borrowings which the Company expects to be able to obtain when needed, will be sufficient to meet the presently anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements of its existing operations. 23 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of PSINet Inc. In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, of changes in shareholders' equity (deficit) and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of PSINet Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 1995 and 1996, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above. /s/ Price Waterhouse LLP Washington, D.C. February 7, 1997, except as to the last two paragraphs of Note 12, which are as of February 14, 1997 24 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ASSETS
December 31, ---------------------------- 1995 1996 --------- --------- (In thousands) Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents .......................................................... $ 102,710 $ 52,695 Short-term investments and marketable securities ................................... -- 4,649 Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $875,000 and $1,909,000 .................. 6,231 17,421 Inventories ........................................................................ 1,149 643 Prepaid expenses ................................................................... 2,071 1,963 Other current assets ............................................................... 4,194 4,940 --------- --------- Total current assets ............................................................. 116,355 82,311 Property and equipment, net ........................................................... 51,355 72,061 Goodwill and other intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $5,862,000 and $6,492,000 ......................................................... 25,398 13,589 Software costs, net of accumulated amortization of $1,966,000 and $3,286,000 .......... 6,133 3,084 Other assets and deferred charges ..................................................... 2,589 6,067 --------- --------- Total assets .......................................................................... $ 201,830 $ 177,112 ========= ========= LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Lines of credit .................................................................... $ 3,012 $ 2,000 Current portion of long-term debt .................................................. 13,631 24,915 Trade accounts payable ............................................................. 10,002 19,868 Accrued payroll and related expenses ............................................... 2,184 3,098 Other accounts payable and accrued liabilities ..................................... 654 3,632 Deferred revenue ................................................................... 3,245 5,612 --------- --------- Total current liabilities ................................................. 32,728 59,125 Long-term debt ........................................................................ 24,130 26,938 Deferred income taxes ................................................................. 635 476 Other liabilities ..................................................................... 1,107 790 --------- --------- Total liabilities ......................................................... 58,600 87,329 --------- --------- Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) Shareholders' equity: Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 30,000,000 authorized, no shares issued and outstanding .......................................... -- -- Common stock, $.01 par value, 100,000,000 authorized, 38,016,204 and 40,212,790 issued .......................................... 379 402 Capital in excess of par value ..................................................... 206,035 208,000 Retained deficit ................................................................... (61,539) (116,636) Treasury stock, 101,272 and 99,556 shares, at cost ................................. (2,054) (2,005) Unrealized gain on investment ...................................................... 813 -- Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment ................................. (404) 22 --------- --------- Total shareholders' equity ................................................ 143,230 89,783 --------- --------- Total liabilities and shareholders' equity ............................................ $ 201,830 $ 177,112 ========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 25 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended December 31, ----------------------------------------- 1994 1995 1996 -------- -------- --------- (In thousands, except per share amounts) Revenue ................................................................. $ 15,214 $ 38,722 $ 84,351 Other income, net ....................................................... -- -- 5,417 -------- -------- --------- 15,214 38,722 89,768 Operating costs and expenses: Data communications and operations .............................. 9,489 32,124 70,102 Sales and marketing ............................................. 3,599 23,930 27,064 General and administrative ...................................... 3,605 10,569 20,648 Intangible asset write-down ..................................... -- 9,938 -- Depreciation and amortization ................................... 3,183 14,778 28,035 -------- -------- --------- Total operating costs and expenses .......................... 19,876 91,339 145,849 -------- -------- --------- Loss from operations .................................................... (4,662) (52,617) (56,081) Interest expense ........................................................ (731) (1,964) (5,025) Interest income ......................................................... 86 1,625 3,794 Other income ............................................................ -- -- 2,863 Equity in loss of affiliate ............................................. (35) (204) (807) -------- -------- --------- Loss before income taxes ................................................ (5,342) (53,160) (55,256) Income tax benefit ...................................................... -- -- 159 -------- -------- --------- Net loss ................................................................ $ (5,342) $(53,160) $ (55,097) ======== ======== ========= Pro forma loss per share (unaudited) .................................... $ (0.26) $ (1.78) ======== ======== Loss per share .......................................................... $ (1.40) ========= Shares used in computing pro forma loss per share and loss per share .... 20,395 29,832 39,378 ======== ======== =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 26 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) FOR THE THREE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
Common Stock ----------------- Capital in Retained Par Excess Earnings Shares Value of Par Value (Deficit) ---------- ---- --------- --------- (In thousands, except share data) Balance, December 31, 1993 ................ 11,109,808 $111 $ 217 $ (1,755) Accretion of redeemable common and convertible preferred stock ..... (434) (1,282) Issuance of common stock to employees under revenue bonus plan .. 16,850 18 Issuance of common stock for professional services ............... 11,133 22 Issuance of common stock ............... 65,000 1 177 Foreign currency translation adjustment Net loss ............................... (5,342) ---------- ---- --------- --------- Balance, December 31, 1994 ................ 11,202,791 112 -- (8,379) Accretion of redeemable common and convertible preferred stock ..... (1,377) Issuance of common stock to employees under revenue bonus plan ........... 18,300 77 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of Pipeline ........................ 2,788,473 28 11,545 Conversion of redeemable preferred stock into common stock ............. 10,042,680 100 26,671 Expiration of redemption rights on redeemable common stock ............. 1,838,475 18 402 Initial public offering, net of expenses 4,370,000 44 47,229 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of InterCon ......................... 921,612 9 16,920 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of Software Ventures ................ 762,208 8 14,246 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of EUnet GB ......................... 42,011 798 Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock warrants .......... 1,384,863 14 2,390 Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options ........... 493,003 5 759 Public offering, net of expenses ....... 4,000,000 40 86,599 Employee stock option loan program ..... (224) Issuance of common stock in escrow for acquisition of World Online ......... 50,516 1 Unrealized gain on investment .......... Foreign currency translation adjustment Net loss ............................... (53,160) ---------- ---- --------- --------- Balance, December 31, 1995 ................ 37,914,932 379 206,035 (61,539) Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock warrants .......... 1,362,604 14 (14) Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options ........... 803,330 9 1,806 Issuance of common stock in escrow for acquisition of World Online ......... 32,368 Repayments under employee stock option loan program ................. 232 Interest under employee stock option loan program ........................ (10) Retirement of treasury stock ........... (49) Unrealized gain on investment .......... Foreign currency translation adjustment Net loss ............................... (55,097) ---------- ---- --------- --------- Balance, December 31, 1996 ................ 40,113,234 $402 $ 208,000 $(116,636) ========== ==== ========= =========
Cumulative Foreign Total Unrealized Currency Shareholders' Treasury Gain On Translation Equity Stock Investment Adjustment (Deficit) ------- ---- ----- --------- (In thousands, except share data) Balance, December 31, 1993 ................ $ -- $-- $ -- $ (1,427) Accretion of redeemable common and convertible preferred stock ..... (1,716) Issuance of common stock to employees under revenue bonus plan .. 18 Issuance of common stock for professional services ............... 22 Issuance of common stock ............... 178 Foreign currency translation adjustment (16) (16) Net loss ............................... (5,342) ------- ---- ----- --------- Balance, December 31, 1994 ................ -- -- (16) (8,283) Accretion of redeemable common and convertible preferred stock ..... (1,377) Issuance of common stock to employees under revenue bonus plan ........... 77 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of Pipeline ........................ 11,573 Conversion of redeemable preferred stock into common stock ............. 26,771 Expiration of redemption rights on redeemable common stock ............. 420 Initial public offering, net of expenses 47,273 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of InterCon ......................... 16,929 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of Software Ventures ................ 14,254 Issuance of common stock for acquisition of EUnet GB ......................... 798 Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock warrants .......... (2,005) 399 Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options ........... (49) 715 Public offering, net of expenses ....... 86,639 Employee stock option loan program ..... (224) Issuance of common stock in escrow for acquisition of World Online ......... 1 Unrealized gain on investment .......... 813 813 Foreign currency translation adjustment (388) (388) Net loss ............................... (53,160) ------- ---- ----- --------- Balance, December 31, 1995 ................ (2,054) 813 (404) 143,230 Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock warrants .......... -- Issuance of common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options ........... 1,815 Issuance of common stock in escrow for acquisition of World Online ......... -- Repayments under employee stock option loan program ................. 232 Interest under employee stock option loan program ........................ (10) Retirement of treasury stock ........... 49 -- Unrealized gain on investment .......... (813) (813) Foreign currency translation adjustment 426 426 Net loss ............................... (55,097) ------- ---- ----- --------- Balance, December 31, 1996 ................ $(2,005) $-- $ 22 $ 89,783 ======= ==== ===== =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 27 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31, ----------------------------------------- 1994 1995 1996 ------- --------- --------- (In thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss ...................................................................... $(5,342) $ (53,160) $ (55,097) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization .............................................. 3,183 14,778 28,035 Gain on sale of investments ................................................ -- -- (2,863) Gain on sale of assets to MindSpring ....................................... -- -- (5,417) Foreign currency translation adjustment .................................... (16) (388) 426 Equity in loss of affiliate ................................................ 35 204 807 Issuance of common stock in exchange for professional services ............. 22 -- -- Issuance of common stock related to revenue bonus plan ..................... 18 -- -- Provision for allowances ................................................... 617 724 3,130 Intangible asset write-down ................................................ -- 9,938 -- Increase in accounts receivable ............................................ (668) (2,394) (14,320) (Increase) decrease in inventories ......................................... (194) (493) 506 Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other assets ................... 121 (5,240) (251) Increase in other assets and deferred charges .............................. (425) (779) (509) (Decrease) increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities ............ (116) 6,028 11,119 Increase in deferred revenue ............................................... 1,500 71 2,367 Increase (decrease) in other liabilities ................................... 168 618 (476) ------- --------- --------- Net cash used in operating activities ................................... (1,097) (30,093) ($32,543) ------- --------- --------- Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment, net ...................................... (2,536) (16,095) (12,814) Purchases of investments ...................................................... -- -- (17,167) Proceeds from maturity or sale of investments ................................. 1,000 -- 15,769 Proceeds from sale of assets to MindSpring .................................... -- -- 8,451 Loan to affiliate ............................................................. -- -- (311) Capitalized software costs .................................................... (39) (435) (816) Investments in subsidiaries, net of cash acquired ............................. -- (5,142) -- Investments in certain businesses ............................................. (362) (286) (69) Other ......................................................................... -- -- 14 ------- --------- --------- Net cash used in investing activities ................................... (1,937) (21,958) (6,943) ------- --------- --------- Cash flows from financing activities: Net proceeds (payments) on lines of credit .................................... 500 1,159 (1,012) Proceeds from issuance of debt ................................................ 504 8,250 8,281 Repayments of debt ............................................................ (452) (1,441) (4,654) Principal payments under capital lease obligations ............................ (1,379) (4,379) (15,117) Proceeds from issuance of Series D redeemable preferred stock ................. 5,147 -- -- Proceeds from issuance of Series E redeemable preferred stock ................. -- 12,197 -- Proceeds from issuance of common stock ........................................ 178 52 -- Proceeds from initial public offering, net .................................... -- 47,273 -- Proceeds from public offering, net ............................................ -- 87,390 -- Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants ............................... -- 400 -- Proceeds from exercise of common stock options ................................ 29 502 1,815 Proceeds from repayment of employee notes receivable .......................... -- -- 232 Other ......................................................................... -- -- (74) ------- --------- --------- Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities ..................... 4,527 151,403 (10,529) ------- --------- --------- Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .............................. 1,493 99,352 (50,015) Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year ...................................... 1,865 3,358 102,710 ------- --------- --------- Cash and cash equivalents, end of year ............................................ $ 3,358 $ 102,710 $ 52,695 ======= ========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 28 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 1 -- NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Organization and Nature of Operations--PSINet Inc. (the "Company") was organized in October 1989. PSINet Inc. provides Internet access, services and products to corporate customers including other Internet service providers (prior to mid-1996, to individuals) throughout the United States and internationally. The Company offers a broad spectrum of Internet access services to corporate customers ranging from dial-up services to continuous access services using dedicated high-speed telephone circuits, Web site design and hosting services, training and consulting services, Internet access security services and client software products. The Company's operations are subject to certain risks and uncertainties including, among others, actual and prospective competition by entities with greater financial and other resources, risks associated with the development of the Internet market, risks associated with growth and domestic and global expansion, risks associated with acquisitions, risks associated with limited experience in the wholesale market, technology and regulatory risks, and dependence upon sole and limited source suppliers. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Principles of Consolidation--The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Revenue Recognition--Revenue and related direct costs from subscriber contracts are recognized ratably over the terms of the contracts, which are generally three to 15 months. Cash received in advance of revenues earned is recorded as deferred revenue. Revenue from the sale of software, including sales to distributors, resellers and original equipment manufacturers, is recognized when software products are shipped. Revenue from separate post-contract customer support agreements is recognized over the contract period. Advertising and Customer Acquisition Costs--The Company expenses all advertising and customer acquisition costs in the period incurred. Cash and Cash Equivalents--All highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of acquisition are classified as cash equivalents. Concentrations of Credit Risk--Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash investments and trade receivables. The Company's cash investment policies limit investments to short-term, investment grade instruments. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company's customer base. Inventories--Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Costs are based on the first-in, first-out method. Property and Equipment--Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of five years. Leasehold improvements, including labor and overhead costs of Point-of-Presence installations, are amortized over the shorter of the term of the related lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets. Equipment Under Capital Lease--The Company leases certain of its data communications equipment and other fixed assets under capital lease agreements. The assets and liabilities under capital leases are recorded at the lesser of the present value of aggregate future minimum lease payments, including estimated bargain purchase options, or the fair value of the assets under lease. Assets under these capital leases are depreciated over their estimated useful lives of five years, which are generally longer than the terms of the leases. Intangible Assets--The Company continually reviews goodwill and other intangible assets to assess recoverability based upon undiscounted cash flow analysis. Impairments, if any, are recognized in operating results in the period in which a permanent diminution in value is determined. Software Costs--In connection with certain 1995 acquisitions, the Company has allocated a portion of the purchase price of the acquisitions to software costs. Additionally, the Company capitalizes internal software development costs in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 86. Significant development costs incurred beyond the point of demonstrated technological feasibility are capitalized until the product or service is available for general release to customers. Amortization is computed on an individual product basis and is the greater of (a) the ratio of current gross revenues for a product to the total current and anticipated future gross revenues for the product or (b) the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the product. Currently, the Company is using the estimated economic life of up to five years for all capitalized software costs. 29 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 1 -- NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) Other Assets and Deferred Charges--Included in other assets and deferred charges are principally debt issue costs, an investment in World Online B.V. and notes receivable. The Company classifies certain of its investment holdings in equity securities as available-for-sale and unrealized gains are included in shareholders' equity in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 115, "Accounting For Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities." At December 31,1995, shareholders' equity included a credit of $813,000 related to the unrealized gain on the securities classified as available-for-sale. These investments were sold in 1996. The Company uses the equity method to account for its investments in entities in which the Company has less than a majority interest but can exercise significant influence. Under the equity method, the investment, originally recorded at cost, is adjusted to recognize the Company's share of the affiliate's net earnings or losses as they occur. Income Taxes--The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Foreign Currency--Gains and losses on translation of the accounts of the Company's foreign operations where the local currency is the functional currency are accumulated and reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity. Pro Forma Loss per Share (Unaudited) and Loss per Share--Loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock, adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalent shares of common stock options and warrants. Common stock equivalent shares are calculated using the treasury stock method. Pro forma loss per share (unaudited) is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock, adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalent shares of common stock options and warrants and assuming the conversion of redeemable preferred and common stock as of the beginning of the periods presented. Fair Value of Financial Instruments--The Company discloses the fair value of its financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available for identical or comparable financial instruments, fair values are based on estimates using the present value of estimated cash flows or other valuation techniques. The resulting fair values can be significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates as to the amounts and timing of future cash flows. In this regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparisons to independent markets and, therefore, the fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could have been realized as of year end or that will be realized in the future. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value for financial instruments: Cash and cash equivalents. The carrying amount approximates fair value. Borrowings. The fair value of borrowings, including capital lease obligations and other obligations is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using estimated borrowing rates at which similar types of borrowing arrangements with the same remaining maturities could be obtained by the Company. Notes receivable. The fair value of notes receivable is estimated using the future cash flows, discounted at market interest rates. Reclassifications in Financial Presentation--Certain prior year information has been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. 30 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 2 -- PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Property and equipment consisted of the following: December 31, --------------------- 1995 1996 -------- -------- (In thousands) Data communications equipment ........................ $ 18,567 $ 24,095 Purchased software ................................... 1,904 2,989 Office and other equipment ........................... 2,214 3,108 Leasehold improvements ............................... 3,112 6,313 -------- -------- 25,797 36,505 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization ....... (7,201) (12,331) -------- -------- 18,596 24,174 -------- -------- Leased data communications equipment ................. 35,700 60,979 Leased office and other equipment .................... 2,390 3,241 -------- -------- 38,090 64,220 Less accumulated depreciation ........................ (5,331) (16,333) -------- -------- 32,759 47,887 -------- -------- Property and equipment, net .......................... $ 51,355 $ 72,061 ======== ======== Total depreciation and leasehold amortization expense in 1994, 1995 and 1996 was $2,896,000, $6,462,000, and $16,572,000, respectively. NOTE 3 -- INTANGIBLE ASSETS In connection with acquisitions in 1995, the Company capitalized goodwill, software and other intangible assets of approximately $47,700,000. The Company capitalized software development costs in accordance with SFAS No. 86 of $39,000, $435,000 and $816,000 during 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Total amortization of these intangible assets and capitalized software development costs was $195,000, $8,222,000 and $11,072,000 in 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. In December 1995, a pretax charge of $9.9 million was recorded related to the permanent impairment of certain intangible assets which resulted from the Company's plan, adopted in the first quarter of 1996, to merge the operations of Software Ventures Corporation ("Software Ventures") with InterCon Systems Corporation ("InterCon"). As part of the plan, the Company no longer marketed products using the Software Ventures tradename, certain software products were abandoned and others were supported and marketed under the InterCon tradename. This charge, which had no immediate cash effect, recognized the permanent impairment in the value of certain intangibles including the tradename of Software Ventures, a non-compete agreement, certain software costs and goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisition of Software Ventures. Intangible assets totalling $4,702,000 relating to the Company's consumer dial-up Internet access services were offset against the proceeds received from the sale of the Company's individual subscriber accounts in 1996 and is included in other income, net (See Note 14). NOTE 4 -- LINES OF CREDIT The Company has a secured revolving credit agreement with a bank under which the Company may borrow up to a maximum principal amount of the lesser of $5,000,000 or 75% of qualified accounts receivable which secure the loan less 20% of aggregate principal of certain term credit advances ($4,091,000 at December 31, 1996). This revolving line of credit agreement expires on June 30, 1997. Interest is payable monthly in arrears at a rate of prime plus 1.5%. The outstanding principal balance under this line of credit was $2,000,000 and the interest rate was 9.75% at December 31, 1996. 31 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 5 -- LONG-TERM DEBT Long-term debt consisted of the following:
December 31, 1995 1996 -------- -------- (In thousands) Borrowing facility with a bank, interest at prime plus 2.5%; monthly principal installments of $353,000 plus interest ............ $ 7,398 $ 7,966 Note payable to a bank, interest at 7.75%; monthly principal and interest installments of $12,000 ................................ 260 135 Other notes payable at interest rates ranging from 7.25% to 16.38%; monthly principal and interest installments of $115,000 ............. 208 3,488 Capital lease obligations at interest rates ranging from 7.59% to 16.16% 29,895 40,264 -------- -------- 37,761 51,853 Less current portion ................................................... (13,631) (24,915) -------- -------- Long-term portion ...................................................... $ 24,130 $ 26,938 ======== ========
Under the borrowing facility with a bank, the Company can borrow up to $18,500,000 for purchases of equipment. Borrowings under this facility are repayable in 36 monthly installments from the dates of equipment purchases and are secured by a lien on the equipment. Interest is payable monthly at a rate of prime plus 2.5%; the interest rate was 10.75% at December 31, 1996. The borrowing facility is secured by substantially all of the Company's assets. The borrowing facility and certain capital lease obligations contain certain provisions which, among other things, require the maintenance of certain financial ratios and restrict the payment of dividends. Other notes payable are secured by the property and equipment purchased with the proceeds. Certain notes are guaranteed by an individual who serves as an officer and director of the Company and a member of his immediate family. A lease obligation is secured by a deposit of 25% of the funds under lease and is maintained in a restricted cash account on deposit with the lender. The balance of the restricted cash at December 31, 1996 of $954,000 is included in cash and cash equivalents. Future minimum lease payments under capital leases and annual maturities of other long-term debt are as follows: Other Year Ending Capital Long-term December 31, Leases Debt - ------------ -------- ------- (In thousands) 1997 ................................................ $ 22,178 $ 6,576 1998 ................................................ 17,614 3,661 1999 ................................................ 5,846 1,211 2000 ................................................ -- 81 2001 ................................................ -- 60 -------- ------- 45,638 $11,589 -------- ======= Less amount representing interest ................... (5,374) -------- Present value of future minimum lease payments ...... $ 40,264 ======== During 1994, 1995 and 1996, the Company incurred capital lease obligations of $2,473,000, $29,071,000 and $25,576,000, respectively, upon the execution of leases for new data communications equipment and other fixed assets. The Company's capital lease obligations are generally repayable in 36 monthly installments from the dates of purchase. During the years ended December 31, 1994, 1995 and 1996, cash paid for interest was $762,000, $1,869,000 and $5,083,000, respectively. At December 31, 1996, the aggregate unused portion under the Company's various financing arrangements for purchases of equipment was $17,266,000. At December 31, 1995 and 1996, the estimated fair value of the capital lease obligations was approximately $30,109,000 and $40,730,000, respectively and other long-term debt was approximately $7,996,000 and $12,189,000, respectively. 32 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 6 -- CAPITAL STOCK AND MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE EQUITY SECURITIES Preferred Capital Stock During 1995, the Board of Directors was granted authority to issue up to 30,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by shareholders. Preferred Stock Rights Plan On May 8, 1996, the Company's Board of Directors adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan (the "Rights Plan") pursuant to which preferred stock purchase rights ("Rights") were granted as a dividend to shareholders of record at the rate of one Right for each outstanding share of common stock held of record as of the close of business on June 5, 1996. The Rights will also be attached to certain future issuances of common stock. Subject to certain exceptions, each Right, when exercisable, will entitle the registered holder to buy one one-thousandth of a share of a newly created Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company (the "Series A Junior Preferred Stock") at an exercise price of $75 per Right. The Rights will become exercisable upon the occurrence of certain specified events, including an announcement that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons ("Acquiring Person") has acquired beneficial ownership of 20% or more of the outstanding common stock. In such event, each holder of a Right (other than Rights beneficially owned by the Acquiring Person) will thereafter have the right, subject to certain exceptions, to receive upon exercise thereof that number of one one-thousandths of a share of Series A Junior Preferred Stock or, at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors, a number of additional shares of common stock as set forth in the Rights Plan. For purposes of the Rights Plan, the Company's Board of Directors has designated 1,000,000 shares of Series A Junior Preferred Stock, which amount may be increased or decreased by the Board of Directors. All Rights expire on June 5, 2006, unless the Rights are earlier redeemed or exchanged by the Company in accordance with the Rights Plan or expire earlier upon the consummation of certain transactions as set forth in the Rights Plan. Mandatorily Redeemable Equity Securities The Company entered into several securities purchase agreements with investors in prior years. Pursuant to these agreements, the investors purchased shares of convertible participating preferred stock for cash or in exchange for shares of mandatorily redeemable common stock. Par Purchase Shares Class Value Date Issued ----- ----- ---- ------ Series A.................. $ .01 1993 2,727,000 Series B.................. .01 1993 1,105,125 Series C.................. .01 1993 1,020,000 Series D.................. .01 1994 2,000,000 Series E.................. .01 1995 3,190,555 ---------- 10,042,680 ========== Immediately prior to the completion of the Company's initial public offering on May 8, 1995, all issued and outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock were converted into 10,042,680 shares of common stock. In addition, all redemption rights of the holders of redeemable common stock (1,838,475 shares) expired upon the completion of the offering. 33 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 6 -- CAPITAL STOCK AND MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE EQUITY SECURITIES (continued) Activity with respect to redeemable convertible preferred and common stock for the two years ended December 31, 1995 was as follows:
Redeemable Convertible Redeemable Preferred Common Stock Stock -------- ---- (In thousands) Balance, December 31, 1993 ....................................................... $ 6,405 $320 Issuance of 639,000 shares of redeemable common stock pursuant to exercise of stock options ................................................ 29 Issuance of 2,000,000 shares of redeemable Series D convertible preferred stock 5,147 Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred and common stock ................ 1,666 50 -------- ---- Balance, December 31, 1994 ....................................................... 13,218 399 Issuance of 3,190,555 shares of redeemable Series E convertible preferred stock 12,197 Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred and common stock ................ 1,356 21 Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock into common stock ........ (26,771) Expiration of redemption rights on redeemable common stock .................... (420) -------- ---- Balance, December 31, 1995 ....................................................... $ -- $ -- ======== ====
NOTE 7 -- STOCK OPTION AND REVENUE BONUS PLANS AND STOCK WARRANTS Executive Stock Incentive Plan The Company's Executive Stock Incentive Plan provides for a maximum of 10,000,000 shares to be available for award there under to employees and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. Awards under the plan may be in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights or restricted stock awards. The purchase price of shares covered by options cannot be less than the fair value on the date of grant. Each option granted under the plan becomes exercisable based on a schedule determined by the Compensation Committee at the date of grant. All options expire ten years after the date of grant. At December 31, 1996, there were 9,802,729 shares reserved for issuance under the plan and options with respect to 6,064,088 shares of common stock had been awarded under the plan of which options with respect to 2,747,243 and 440,365 shares of common stock were outstanding and exercisable, respectively. Directors Stock Incentive Plan The Directors Stock Incentive Plan provides for awards with respect to up to 100,000 shares in the aggregate to directors of the Company and its subsidiaries who are not also employees or consultants of the Company and who do not serve on the Board as a representative of a shareholder. Awards under the plan are in the form of non-qualified stock options. The purchase price of shares covered by options cannot be less than the fair value on the date of grant. Options granted under the plan when a director is first elected to the Board become exercisable quarterly over four years. Subsequent options granted under the plan become exercisable with respect to one-half of the subject shares at each of the first and second anniversaries of the date of grant. All options expire ten years after the date of grant. At December 31, 1996, there were 100,000 shares reserved for issuance under the plan of which options with respect to 20,000 shares of common stock had been awarded under the plan and options with respect to 20,000 and 2,500 shares of common stock were outstanding and exercisable, respectively. Strategic Stock Incentive Plan The Strategic Stock Incentive Plan provides for awards with respect to an aggregate of 3,500,000 shares of the Company's common stock to employees and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries in connection with acquisitions, mergers, strategic alliances and other business combinations and transactions by the Company or its subsidiaries. Awards under the plan may be in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights or restricted stock awards. The purchase price of shares covered by options cannot be less than the fair value on the date of grant. Each option granted under the plan becomes exercisable based on a schedule determined by the Compensation Committee at the date of grant. All options expire ten years after the date of grant. At December 31, 1996, there were 3,500,000 shares reserved for issuance under the plan and options with respect to 581,449 shares of common stock had been awarded under the plan of which options with respect to 217,600 and 60,810 shares of common stock were outstanding and exercisable, respectively. 34 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 7 -- STOCK OPTION AND REVENUE BONUS PLANS AND STOCK WARRANTS (continued) Executive Stock Option Plan and Other Option Plans and Grants Prior to 1994, the Company granted non-qualified stock options to its employees as directed by the Company's Board of Directors. In March 1994, the Company established the 1994 Executive Stock Option Plan under which it is authorized to grant up to 1,250,000 of either incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options to its employees. The purchase price of shares covered by options cannot be less than the fair value on the date of grant. Options become exercisable over one to six years following the date of grant. All options expire ten years after the date of grant. At December 31, 1996, there were 2,095,276 shares reserved for issuance under the plan and under ad hoc grants. Options with respect to 2,757,376 shares of common stock had been awarded under the plan and under ad hoc grants. Options with respect to 1,770,826 and 853,976 shares of common stock were outstanding and exercisable, respectively. In connection with the Company's acquisition of InterCon in June 1995, options outstanding under each of the InterCon Systems Corporation 1992 Incentive Stock Plan and the InterCon Systems Corporation 1994 Stock Option Plan became exercisable (subject to original vesting schedules; generally vesting over four years) for shares of the Company's common stock pursuant to the terms of the plans. As of December 31, 1996, the options outstanding under the 1992 plan consist of incentive stock options with respect to 169,569 shares of common stock and the options outstanding under the 1994 plan consist of non-qualified stock options with respect to 112,592 shares of common stock. At December 31, 1996, options with respect to 226,392 shares were exercisable. No additional options in respect of shares will be granted under either plan. In connection with the Company's acquisition of Software Ventures in July 1995, options outstanding under the Software Ventures Corporation 1994 Stock Option Plan became exercisable (subject to original vesting schedules; generally, one-half vesting after one year and one-half over four years) for shares of the Company's common stock pursuant to the terms of such plan. At December 31, 1996, options with respect to 25 shares under the plan were outstanding and exercisable. No additional options in respect of shares will be granted under the plan. Stock Option Repricing Effective April 5, 1996, the Company's Board of Directors approved a repricing of certain employee stock options. Accordingly, options with respect to 2,520,555 shares of the Company's common stock whose exercise price was greater than $9.375, the closing market price of the Company's common stock on that date, were cancelled and new options with respect to the same number of shares were granted with an exercise price of $9.375. Other terms and conditions of the options remained the same. Revenue Bonus Plan At the discretion of the Board of Directors, the Company has awarded stock and options to its employees who elected to participate under a revenue bonus plan. In December 1994, the Company awarded 150 shares of its common stock and options to purchase 300 shares of its common stock to each of its employees. The stock was issued to employees after completion of one year of service with the Company. Options granted under the plan vest ratably over six years from the date of grant. The purchase price of the shares cannot be less than the fair value at the date of grant. No such awards were made in 1995 and 1996. Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees The Company accounts for its stock option plans under APBOpinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees." In 1996, the Company adopted SFASNo. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," for disclosure purposes. Under these provisions, no compensation expense has been recognized in the results of operations for its stock option plans. For disclosure purposes the fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions used for stock options granted in 1995 and 1996, respectively: no annual dividends for either year, expected volatility of 80% and 80%, risk-free interest rate of 6.85% and 5.98% and expected life of 6.5 years and 5.0 years. The weighted-average fair value of the stock options granted in 1995 and 1996 was $6.90 and $4.89, respectively. Under the above model, the total value of stock options granted in 1995 and 1996 was $10.6 million and $28.6 million, respectively, which would be amortized on a pro forma basis over the option vesting period. Had the Company determined compensation cost for these plans in accordance with SFAS No. 123, the Company's pro forma loss and pro forma loss per share would have been $54.8 million and $1.84 in 1995 and $63.9 million and $1.62 in 1996. The SFAS No. 123 method of accounting does not apply to options granted prior to January 1, 1995, and accordingly, the resulting pro forma compensation cost may not be representative of that to be expected in future years. 35 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 7 -- STOCK OPTION AND REVENUE BONUS PLANS AND STOCK WARRANTS (continued) Stock Warrants The Company has issued to certain investors, a lease provider and consultants warrants to purchase shares of the Company's common stock. Warrants issued to certain investors and a lease provider vested immediately and vesting with respect to warrants issued to consultants was contingent upon the performance of services. Compensation expense recorded with respect to warrants issued to consultants was $26,000, $199,000 and $275,000 in 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. These warrants expire at various dates through 2003. At December 31, 1996, there were 425,674 shares reserved for issuance under stock warrant agreements of which warrants with respect to 425,674 shares of common stock were outstanding and exercisable. Stock Option and Warrant Activity The following table summarizes stock option and warrant activity under all plans for the three years ended December 31, 1996:
Number of Shares Price Weighted-Average of Common Stock per Share Exercise Price Options Warrants --------- ---------------- --------- --------- Balance, December 31, 1993 ... 2,571,500 3,740,400 $.05-$3.00 $ 1.49 Granted ................... 417,450 240,000 2.00-4.15 2.41 Exercised ................. (639,000) -- .05-1.10 .13 Forfeited ................. (9,000) (228,000) .05-2.00 1.61 --------- --------- Balance, December 31, 1994 ... 2,340,950 3,752,400 $.50-$4.15 $ 1.72 Granted ................... 1,559,891 833 4.15-25.25 9.16 Assumed ................... 1,543,414 -- .01-6.13 4.18 Exercised ................. (494,719) (1,484,419) .50-6.13 1.60 Forfeited ................. (105,868) (184,307) 2.00-25.25 4.50 --------- --------- Balance, December 31, 1995 ... 3,843,668 2,084,507 $.01-$25.25 $ 3.42 Granted ................... 5,853,949 167 4.15-16.75 10.81 Exercised ................. (819,256) (1,659,000) .01-9.38 2.36 Forfeited ................. (1,319,951) -- 1.60-25.25 8.72 Cancelled ................. (2,520,555) -- 9.56-25.25 13.61 --------- --------- Balance, December 31, 1996 ... 5,037,855 425,674 $ .05-$13.50 $ 6.24 ========= ========= Exercisable, December 31, 1995 973,625 2,054,507 $ .05-$13.88 $ 1.44 ========= ========= Exercisable, December 31, 1994 532,400 3,528,093 $ .50-$3.00 $ .70 ========= =========
The following table summarizes information about the shares outstanding and exercisable for options and warrants at December 31, 1996:
Outstanding Exercisable ------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------- Weighted-Average Range of Number Remaining Weighted-Average Number Weighted-Average Exercise Prices Outstanding Contractual Life Exercise Price Exercisable Exercise Price --------------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ----------- -------------- $.05-$3.00 1,842,043 3.78 $ 1.51 1,390,843 $ 1.39 4.15-9.13 1,099,643 8.57 6.10 161,578 6.03 9.38 1,855,443 8.99 9.38 386,175 9.38 9.69-13.50 666,400 9.51 10.78 71,146 10.01 --------- --------- $.05-$13.50 5,463,529 7.21 $ 6.24 2,009,742 $ 3.60 ========= =========
36 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 8 -- INCOME TAXES Deferred tax liabilities (assets) consisted of the following: December 31, 1995 1996 -------- -------- (In thousands) Gross deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation/amortization ................. $ 3,376 $ 6,741 Acquired intangibles ...................... 5,065 2,377 Other ..................................... 369 -- Gross deferred tax assets: Net operating losses (domestic) ........... (18,223) (35,755) Net operating losses (foreign) ............ -- (3,344) Other ..................................... (1,327) (1,866) -------- -------- Net deferred tax assets ...................... (10,740) (31,847) Valuation allowance ....................... 11,375 32,323 -------- -------- $ 635 $ 476 ======== ======== The Company has provided a valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets of its operations since realization of these benefits cannot be reasonably assured. The net change in the valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets was an increase of $8,936,000 in 1995 and an increase of $20,948,000 in 1996. The changes primarily relate to loss carryforwards incurred in 1995 and 1996. At December 31, 1996, the Company had domestic net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $87,200,000 for income tax purposes. These net operating loss carryforwards may be carried forward in varying amounts until 2011 and may be limited in their use in the event of significant changes in the Company's ownership. In addition, their use is limited to future earnings of the Company. In addition, at December 31, 1996, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes in various jurisdictions outside the United States amounting to approximately $8,700,000 of which approximately $3,600,000 can be indefinitely carried forward under local statutes. The remaining foreign loss carryforwards, if unused, will expire in varying amounts until 2003. During 1996, the Company recognized a deferred tax benefit of $159,000 relating to the reversal of certain deferred tax liabilities of one of its foreign subsidiaries. There was no domestic or foreign income tax expense (benefit) in 1994 and 1995. No cash was paid for income taxes in 1994, 1995 or 1996. NOTE9 -- COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Commitments Guaranteed monthly usage levels of data and voice communications with certain of the Company's telecommunication vendors at December 31, 1996 aggregate to the following annual amounts: Year Ending December 31, (In thousands) - ------------ 1997 ................................................ $ 5,416 1998 ................................................ 4,646 1999 ................................................ 2,224 2000 ................................................ 1,900 2001 ................................................ 360 ------- $14,546 ======= 37 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 9 -- COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (continued) The Company also leases certain of its facilities under non-cancellable operating leases expiring in various years through 2005. The operating lease on the office facilities includes scheduled base rent increases over the term of the lease. The total amount of base rent is being charged to expense on the straight-line method over the term of the lease. Total rent expense for all operating leases amounted to $691,000, $2,077,000 and $3,601,000 in 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases as of December 31, 1996, are as follows: Year Ending December 31, (In thousands) - ------------ 1997 .................................................. $ 2,477 1998 .................................................. 2,388 1999 .................................................. 2,440 2000 .................................................. 2,333 2001 .................................................. 2,217 Thereafter ............................................ 2,750 ------- $14,605 ======= Contingencies The Company is subject to certain claims and legal proceedings that arose in the ordinary course of its business activities. Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters may be decided unfavorably to the Company. Management believes that any liability that may ultimately result from the resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company. NOTE 10 -- RETIREMENT SAVINGS PLAN Under the terms of the Company's Employee Retirement Savings Plan, participants are eligible to receive discretionary Company matching contributions each year of 100% of the first $1,000 of employee salary deferral and 25% of amounts thereafter up to the maximum allowable deferral under IRS regulations. All contributions to a participant's plan account are 100% vested after two years of service with the Company. The total contributions made by the Company under the Plan totalled $28,000, $131,000 and $622,000 during 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively. NOTE 11 -- RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS In 1994, revenue of $2,086,000 was earned from NYSERNet, Inc., a former shareholder of the Company. Accounts receivable due and revenue earned from NYSERNet, Inc. as of and for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996 were not material. No other contractual arrangement accounted for more than 10% of revenues in any given year. The Company is a party to two agreements with Cascade Communications Corporation (Cascade) dated July 31, 1992 and November 3, 1994, respectively, pursuant to which the Company leases equipment manufactured by Cascade. Amounts advanced under these facilities bear interest at annual rates of 8.0% and prime plus 4.0%, respectively. Under the first facility, the Company leased assets aggregating approximately $351,000 in 1992. Payments under this facility totalled approximately $120,000 and $83,000 in 1994 and 1995, respectively. Under the second facility, under which the Company can lease up to $5 million, the Company leased assets aggregating approximately $178,000 and $4,822,000 in 1994 and 1995, respectively. Payments on this facility totalled approximately $1,065,000 and $1,994,000 in 1995 and 1996, respectively. The first facility was paid-in-full in 1995. The ending balance on the second facility was approximately $4,206,000 and $2,649,000 as of December 31, 1995 and 1996, respectively. A general partner of Matrix III Management Company (Matrix III) is a director of Cascade. Matrix III is the general partner of Matrix, which at the time of the above transaction was a principal shareholder of the Company. Another general partner of Matrix III is a former director of the Company. Cascade holds 10,000 shares of the Company's common stock. On March 1, 1995, the Company's Board of Directors approved a stock option loan program pursuant to which the Company may make loans, in the aggregate not to exceed $2.5 million, to employees in connection with the exercise of options granted to them. Loans will be evidenced by three-year full recourse promissory notes which bear interest at the then applicable federal rate, secured by stock issued upon the exercise of such options. Loans in the amount of $220,000 had been issued under the program of which principal in the amount of $214,000 and $1,000 and interest in the amount of $10,000 and $121 remains outstanding at December 31, 1995 and 1996, respectively, and are included in shareholders' equity, as a component of capital in excess of par value. In addition, the Company loaned a former executive officer of the Company $100,000 to refinance the principal amount of a bank loan incurred by him on October 14, 1993, to finance a portion of the exercise price relating to his exercise on that date of options to acquire 320,000 shares of common stock. The full payment on this $100,000 loan was received in 1996. 38 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 12 -- ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS The following acquisitions have been accounted for as purchase business combinations and accordingly, the net assets and results of their operations have been included in the Company's financial statements since the acquisition dates. The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired, including intangibles, and liabilities assumed. The excess of the purchase price over the pair value of the net assets is being amortized over periods from three to five years from the dates of acquisition. PSINet Pipeline New York, Inc. On February 7, 1995, the Company issued an aggregate of approximately 2,690,218 shares of its common stock to shareholders of PSINet Pipeline New York, Inc. (formerly The Pipeline Network Inc.; "Pipeline"), a New York based Internet service provider, in exchange for all of the outstanding common stock and preferred stock of Pipeline. The fair value of the shares of the Company's common stock exchanged and liabilities assumed was approximately $12,129,000. As further described in Note 14, the Company transferred substantially all of its individual subscriber accounts and related tangible and intangible assets relating to the Company's consumer dial-up Internet access services to a third party in the second and third quarters of 1996. EUnet GB Limited On July 21, 1995, the Company purchased from The University of Kent at Canterbury all of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of EUnet GB Limited ("EUnet GB"), an English corporation. In consideration of the purchase of the shares of EUnet GB, the Company paid approximately $3,986,000 and issued an aggregate of 42,011 shares of its common stock. The fair value of the shares of the Company's common stock exchanged, together with cash of $3,986,000 and liabilities assumed at acquisition, was approximately $7,126,000. InterCon Systems Corporation and Software Ventures Corporation On June 16, 1995, the Company issued an aggregate of approximately 921,612 shares of its common stock to shareholders of InterCon, a Virginia corporation, in exchange for all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of InterCon. InterCon develops and markets standards-based connectivity software products for Windows and Macintosh personal computer systems. The fair value of the shares of the Company's common stock exchanged, options granted and liabilities assumed was approximately $19,685,000. On July 11, 1995, in connection with the merger of Software Ventures into a subsidiary of the Company, the shareholders of Software Ventures received an aggregate of approximately 762,208 shares of the Company's common stock. Software Ventures developed and supplied interactive communications software and internetworking solutions. The fair value of the shares of the Company's common stock exchanged, options granted and liabilities assumed was approximately $15,834,000. In the first quarter of 1996, the Company merged the operations of Software Ventures and InterCon into one Internet software subsidiary known as InterCon. Subsequent to December 31, 1996, the Company sold all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of its wholly-owned subsidiary InterConto Ascend Communications, Inc. ("Ascend") in exchange for $12 million in cash pursuant to a Stock Acquisition Agreement between the Company and Ascend. In addition, in connection with the sale, the Company received $8.5 million in cash from Ascend as repayment of intercompany debt owed by InterCon to the Company. The following presents the Company's unaudited pro forma consolidated income statement data for the years ended December 31, 1995 and 1996, as if the sale of InterCon had occurred at the beginning of the periods presented. The revenue and net loss below are not intended to reflect the results of operations that would actually have been obtained if the sale had occurred at the beginning of the period presented. Twelve Months Ended ------------------------------------- December 31, 1995 December 31, 1996 ----------------- ----------------- (In thousands, except per share amounts) (unaudited) Revenue ............................ $ 33,750 $ 79,602 Net loss ........................... $(36,839) $(42,860) Pro forma loss per share ........... $ (1.23) $ (1.09) 39 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report PSINet Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 NOTE 13 -- INVESTMENTS IN AFFILIATES AND JOINT VENTURES World Online B.V. In December 1995, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire 20% of the outstanding common stock of World Online B.V. ("World Online"), an Internet service provider in the Netherlands. This investment is being accounted for under the equity method. The Company paid for 10% of the outstanding common stock of World Online in 1995 for cash consideration of 275,000 Dutch Guilders (approximately $172,000 based upon an exchange rate of $1.00 : 1.602 Dutch Guilders) and is obligated to pay for the additional 10% of the outstanding common stock of World Online for consideration equal to $125 per paying subscriber of the World Online service at a measurement date in December 1996 which is payable, at World Online's option, in cash (not to exceed $5,000,000) and/or shares of PSINet common stock (based on the market price at the date of closing). At December 31, 1996, the Company has accrued $2,536,000 related to this obligation which is included in other accounts payable and accrued liabilities. In addition, this obligation is secured by a deposit of 82,884 shares of the Company's common stock held in an escrow account. These shares are considered issued and outstanding at December 31, 1996 and are recorded at par value. The Company's net investment in World Online, at December 31, 1996, of $1,932,000, is recorded in other assets and deferred charges. In connection with the agreement, the Company has also granted to World Online a subordinated loan facility, subject to certain conditions, pursuant to which World Online is permitted to borrow up to 725,000 Dutch Guilders bearing interest at the rate of 6% per annum and payable in full on December 31, 1998. At December 31, 1996, $311,000 was outstanding under this facility which is also included in other assets and deferred charges. Trade accounts receivable from World Online at December 31, 1996 totaled $653,000. Hansol Telecom In August 1995, the Company entered into an agreement to form a joint venture with Hansol Paper Co. Ltd.("Hansol Paper"), of Seoul, Korea for the purpose of extending the PSINet network to provide Internet services in Korea. In March 1996, pursuant to these arrangements, the Company acquired a 10% interest in Hansol Telecom ("Hansol"), an affiliate of Hansol Paper, for approximately $3.1 million. This investment is reflected in short-term investments and marketable securities. Pursuant to its agreement with Hansol, the Company has the right, for up to three years, to require Hansol Paper to purchase its Hansol shares at the higher of market value at the date of sale or the price at which the Company purchased its Hansol shares plus interest at the rate of prime plus 1% per annum from the time of its purchase through the date of sale. Additionally, in March 1996, the Company licensed intellectual property to Hansol for approximately $1.8 million. PSINet Europe On September 19, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement with Chatterjee Management Company (doing business as The Chatterjee Group), a Delaware corporation ("Chatterjee"), pursuant to which the Company and an investment group led by Chatterjee (the "Chatterjee Investor Group") would establish a joint venture to be known as PSINet Europe (the "Joint Venture") for the purpose of building an Internet network across Europe and providing Internet-related services in Europe. The Company and Chatterjee are considering certain matters which may result in a substantive amendment to this agreement. NOTE 14 -- AGREEMENTS WITH MINDSPRING ENTERPRISES, INC. On June 28, 1996, the Company entered into an agreement with MindSpring Enterprises, Inc., an Atlanta, GA based Internet access provider ("MindSpring"), pursuant to which the Company agreed to transfer to MindSpring substantially all of its individual subscriber accounts and related tangible and intangible assets and rights in connection with the consumer dial-up Internet access services operated by the Company in the United States for $12,929,000 in cash and notes receivable. The gain from this sale of $5,417,000 has been recorded as other income, net in the Company's consolidated statement of operations. The balance of the note receivable from MindSpring at December 31, 1996 was $2,769,000. The note, which bears no interest, was recorded at a discount of $309,000 with scheduled repayments over 24 months, beginning January 1997. In connection with the transfer, the parties also entered into a Network Services Agreement pursuant to which the Company agreed to provide access to MindSpring's individual subscribers through local dial-in POPs connected to the Company's network. At December 31, 1996, the note receivable from MindSpring approximates its estimated fair value. 40 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report The PSINet Group CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS PSINet Inc. 510 Huntmar Park Drive Herndon, VA 20170 Phone: (703) 904-4100 Fax: (703) 904-4200 Web:www.psi.net PSINet also has offices located in: Boston, MA Chicago, IL Dallas, TX El Segundo, CA Kennesaw, GA New York, NY Newtown, PA Santa Clara, CA Tarpon Springs, FL Troy, NY SUBSIDIARIES PSINet Publishing Corporation 510 Huntmar Park Drive Herndon, VA 20170 Phone: (703) 904-4100 Fax: (703) 904-4200 PSINet Security Services Inc. 510 Huntmar Park Drive Herndon, VA 20170 Phone: (703) 904-4100 Fax: (703) 904-4200 PSINet Japan Inc. Plaza Mikado Bldg., 3F 2-14-5 Akasaka, Minato-ku Tokyo 107 Japan Phone: +81.3.5574.7171 Fax: +81.3.5574.7173 Web: www.jp.psi.net PSINet UK Limited Brookmount Court Kirkwood Road Cambridge CB4 2QH England Phone: +44.1223.577.577 Fax: +44.1223.577.600 Web: www.uk.psi.net PSINet Limited 7300 Warden Avenue, Suite 213 Markham, ON L3R 9Z6 Canada Phone: (905) 477-1318 Fax: (905) 477-2084 Web:www.psi.ca 41 PSINet Inc. 1996 Annual Report CORPORATE INFORMATION ANNUAL MEETING GENERAL COUNSEL The Annual Meeting of Shareholders will David N. Kunkel, Esq. be held on Saturday, May 10, 1997, at 9:00 a.m. at the Hyatt Regency Reston, 1800 Presidents Street, Reston, VA 20190. INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS Price Waterhouse LLP INVESTOR INFORMATION 1301 K Street NW, 800W Washington, D.C. 20005-3333 Shareholders, financial analysts, and brokers seeking information about the Company's financial affairs may contact: OUTSIDE LEGAL COUNSEL PSINet Inc. Nixon, Hargrave, Devans & Investor Relations Department Doyle LLP 510 Huntmar Park Drive 437 Madison Avenue Herndon, VA 20170 New York, NY 10022-7001 Voice: (703)904-4100, ext. 1245 Fax: (703) 904-8733 FACTORS AFFECTING FORWARD-LOOKING E-mail: investor-relations@psi.com STATEMENTS Form 10-K Certain of the information contained in this Annual Report, A COPY OF THE COMPANY'S ANNUAL REPORT including under "Management's ON FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED Discussion and Analysis of DECEMBER 31, 1996, AS FILED WITH THE Financial Condition and Results SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, MAY of Operations," contain forward- BE OBTAINED BY SHAREHOLDERS WITHOUT looking statements. Such forward- CHARGE BY WRITING TO THE INVESTOR looking statements are subject to RELATIONS DEPARTMENT AT THE COMPANY'S a number of factors, including HEADQUARTERS. EXHIBITS TO THE COMPANY'S material risks, uncertainties and ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K WILL BE contingencies, which could cause SUPPLIED UPON PAYMENT OF A REASONABLE actual results to differ materially FEE. from the forward-looking statements. For a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements, please refer to Item 1 to PSINet's Annual Report on Form 10-K and other periodic reports and documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 42 CORPORATE INFORMATION STOCK REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER AGENT All correspondence concerning changes of address for Shareholders or re-registration of shares should be directed to the following: First Chicago Trust Company of New York P.O. Box 2500 Jersey City, NJ 07303-2500 Telephone Response Center: (201) 324-0498 Fax: (201)222-4892 E-mail: fctc@em.fcnbd.com Web:www.fctc.com SECURITIES PSINet's Common Stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol: PSIX. The Company had approximately 793 record holders of its Common Stock at February 28, 1997. DIVIDEND POLICY PSINet has never declared or paid cash dividends on its Common Stock and does not anticipate that any cash dividends will be paid in the foreseeable future. The payment of dividends is restricted under the terms of the Company's existing credit facilities. PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK The Common Stock has been traded publicly since May 1, 1995, the effective date of the Company's initial public offering. The range of the high and low closing bid prices for the Common Stock for each quarterly period from May 1, 1995, through December 31, 1996, as reported by the Nasdaq National Market, is presented below. Such quotations reflect interdealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down, or commission, and may not represent actual transactions. 1995 1996 ---- ---- High Low High Low ---- --- ---- --- 1st Quarter - - $22 3/8 $9 1/8 2nd Quarter $15 5/8 $12 $18 1/2 $7 3/8 3rd Quarter $25 1/4 $15 1/4 $12 5/8 $8 3/8 4th Quarter $28 1/2 $13 3/4 $14 $8 1/2
All brands, products, and service names mentioned are trademarks or registered service marks of their respective owners. 43 Design and Production: PSINet Inc. Photography and Digital Illustrations: Scott Nibauer, Lien/Nibauer Photo, Inc. Printing: French-Bray Incorporated EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS William L. Schrader - Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer (Founder) Harold S. "Pete" Wills - Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer and Director David N. Kunkel - Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary and Director Edward D. Postal - Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Mary-Ann Carolan - Vice President, Customer Administration James R. "Chuck" Davin - Vice President and Chief Technical Officer Mark S. Fedor - Vice President, Engineering Richard R. Frizalone - Vice President, Corporate Sales David L. Hudson - Vice President, Business and Product Development Mitchell Levinn - Vice President, Network Operations William H. Baumer - Director; Professor, Philosophy, the University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York Wade Woodson - Director; General Partner, Sigma Partners, Menlo Park, California Ian P. Sharp - Director; Founder (Retired), I.P. Sharp Associates, Toronto, Canada William A. Wilson - Director; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Arch Communications Group, Inc., Westborough, Massachusetts
EX-21 15 EX-21 Exhibit 21 SUBSIDIARIES 1. PSINet Pipeline New York, Inc. (formerly known as The Pipeline Network Inc.), a corporation organized under the laws of the State of New York. 2. InterCon Systems Corporation, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 3. EUnet GB Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of the United Kingdom. 4. PSINet U.K. Limited (formerly Performance Systems International Limited), a corporation organized under the laws of the United Kingdom. 5. PSINet Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of Canada. 6. PSINet Japan Inc. (PSI Japan, Kabushiki Kaisha), a corporation organized under the laws of Japan. 7. PSINet Pipeline USA, Inc. a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 8. PSI Pipeline Holdings, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 9. PSINet Holdings, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 10. InterPak, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 11. PSINet Publishing Corporation, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 12. PSINet Security Services Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 13. PSINet Pipeline U.K. Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of the United Kingdom. 14. PSINet Ireland Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of the Republic of Ireland. 15. PSINet Europe Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of the Republic of Ireland. 16. PSINet Europe Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. 17. PSINet Telecom Limited, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. EX-23 16 EX-23 Exhibit 23 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements on Form S-8 (Nos. 33-98314, 33-98316, 33-98318, 33-98320, 33-99464, 33-99466, 33-99470, 333-04008) of PSINet Inc. (PSINet) of our report dated February 7, 1997 except as to the last two paragraphs of Note 12 which are as of February 14, 1997, which appears on page 24 of the 1996 Annual Report to Shareholders, on PSINet's consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 1996, which is included in Exhibit 13 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We also consent to the incorporation by reference of our report on the Financial Statement Schedule, which appears on page 39 of this Form 10-K. PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP March 31, 1997 Washington, D.C. EX-27 17 EX-27
5 THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 AND THE CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1996 AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. 1,000 YEAR DEC-31-1996 JAN-01-1996 DEC-31-1996 52,695 4,649 19,330 1,909 643 82,311 100,725 28,664 177,112 59,125 26,938 0 0 402 89,381 177,112 84,351 84,351 70,102 70,102 0 0 5,025 (55,256) 159 (55,097) 0 0 0 (55,097) (1.40) (1.40)
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