Revenue from contracts with customers (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Text block [abstract]

Summary of transfer of goods and services over time and at a point in time

The Group derived revenue from the transfer of goods and services over time and at a point in time in the following major product lines:

													2022
All figures in £ millions	Assessment & Qualifications		Virtual Learning		English Language Learning		Workforce Skills		Higher Education		Strategic Review		Total
Courseware
Products transferred at a point in time		64		–		110		2		302		148		626
Products and services transferred over time		21		–		25		–		588		6		640
		85		–		135		2		890		154		1,266
Assessments
Products transferred at a point in time		169		–		5		14		–		–		188
Products and services transferred over time		1,190		–		138		142		–		–		1,470
		1,359		–		143		156		–		–		1,658
Services
Products transferred at a point in time		–		–		29		–		–		–		29
Products and services transferred over time		–		820		14		46		8		–		888
		–		820		43		46		8		–		917
Total		1,444		820		321		204		898		154		3,841

													2021
All figures in £ millions	Assessment & Qualifications		Virtual Learning		English Language Learning		Workforce Skills		Higher Education		Strategic Review		Total
Courseware
Products transferred at a point in time		62		–		109		–		283		180		634
Products and services transferred over time		30		–		26		–		558		17		631
		92		–		135		–		841		197		1,265
Assessments
Products transferred at a point in time		173		–		6		16		–		–		195
Products and services transferred over time		973		–		72		119		–		–		1,164
		1,146		–		78		135		–		–		1,359
Services
Products transferred at a point in time		–		–		22		–		–		14		36
Products and services transferred over time		–		713		3		37		8		7		768
		–		713		25		37		8		21		804
Total		1,238		713		238		172		849		218		3,428

													2020
All figures in £ millions	Assessment & Qualifications		Virtual Learning		English Language Learning		Workforce Skills		Higher Education		Strategic Review		Total
Courseware
Products transferred at a point in time		66		–		106		–		313		185		670
Products and services transferred over time		27		–		24		–		630		15		696
		93		–		130		–		943		200		1,366
Assessments
Products transferred at a point in time		138		–		3		7		–		–		148
Products and services transferred over time		887		–		61		123		–		–		1,071
		1,025		–		64		130		–		–		1,219
Services
Products transferred at a point in time		–		–		22		–		–		22		44
Products and services transferred over time		–		692		2		33		13		28		768
		–		692		24		33		13		50		812
Total		1,118		692		218		163		956		250		3,397

Summary of remaining transaction price on unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations from contracts with customers

The below table depicts the remaining transaction price on unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations from contracts with customers.

													2022
All figures in £ millions	Sales		Deferred income		Committed sales		Total remaining     transaction price		2023		2024		2025       and later
Courseware
Products transferred at a point in time		626		1		–		1		1		–		–
Products and services transferred over time		640		95		–		95		56		14		25
Assessments
Products transferred at a point in time		188		–		–		–		–		–		–
Products and services transferred over time		1,470		262		472		734		524		206		4
Services
Products transferred at a point in time		29		–		–		–		–		–		–
Products and services transferred over time – subscriptions		351		20		7		27		27		–		–
Products and services transferred over time – other ongoing performance obligations		537		22		225		247		247		–		–
Total		3,841		400		704		1,104		855		220		29

													2021
All figures in £ millions	Sales		Deferred income		Committed sales		Total remaining transaction price		2022		2023		2024 and later
Courseware
Products transferred at a point in time		634		1		–		1		1		–		–
Products and services transferred over time		631		93		–		93		60		11		22
Assessments
Products transferred at a point in time		195		–		–		–		–		–		–
Products and services transferred over time		1,164		255		442		697		503		191		3
Services
Products transferred at a point in time		36		–		–		–		–		–		–
Products and services transferred over time – subscriptions		290		13		10		23		23		–		–
Products and services transferred over time – other ongoing performance obligations		478		24		220		244		244		–		–
Total		3,428		386		672		1,058		831		202		25

													2020
All figures in £ millions	Sales		Deferred income		Committed sales		Total remaining transaction price		2021		2022		2023 and later
Courseware
Products transferred at a point in time		670		–		–		–		–		–		–
Products and services transferred over time		696		105		14		119		84		14		21
Assessments
Products transferred at a point in time		148		1		–		1		1		–		–
Products and services transferred over time		1,071		217		413		630		426		203		1
Services
Products transferred at a point in time		44		–		–		–		–		–		–
Products and services transferred over time – subscriptions		323		18		10		28		27		1		–
Products and services transferred over time – other ongoing performance obligations		445		18		195		213		213		–		–
Total		3,397		359		632		991		751		218		22