Segment information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Text block [abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information

																							2022
									English												Penguin
			Assessment &			Virtual			Language			Workforce			Higher			Strategic			Random
All figures in £ millions	Notes		Qualifications			Learning			Learning			Skills			Education			Review			House		Group
Sales		3		1,444			820			321			204			898			154			–		3,841
Adjusted operating profit				258			70			25			(3	)		91			15			–		456
Cost of major restructuring				(39	)		(29	)		(11	)		(7	)		(63	)		(1	)		–		(150	)
Intangible charges				(14	)		(21	)		(6	)		(12	)		(3	)		–			–		(56	)
UK Pension discretionary increases				(1	)		(1	)		–			–			(1	)		–			–		(3	)
Other net gains and losses				(2	)		(2	)		(11	)		–			–			39			–		24
Operating profit/(loss)				202			17			(3	)		(22	)		24			53			–		271
Finance costs		6																						(71	)
Finance income		6																						123
Profit before tax																								323
Income tax		7																						(79	)
Profit for the year																								244
Other segment items
Share of results of joint ventures and associates		12		–			(2	)		4			(1	)		–			–			–		1
Depreciation and impairment		10		63			31			7			6			26			3			–		136
Amortisation and impairment		11, 20		139			77			44			27			175			20			–		482

																							2021
									English												Penguin
			Assessment &			Virtual			Language			Workforce			Higher			Strategic			Random
All figures in £ millions	Notes		Qualifications			Learning			Learning			Skills			Education			Review			House		Group1
Sales		3		1,238			713			238			172			849			218			–		3,428
Adjusted operating profit				219			32			15			27			73			19			–		385
Cost of major restructuring				(48	)		(48	)		(27	)		(28	)		(63	)		–			–		(214	)
Intangible charges				(13	)		(25	)		(3	)		(7	)		(2	)		(1	)		–		(51	)
Other net gains and losses				–			–			–			(2	)		–			65			–		63
Operating profit/(loss)				158			(41	)		(15	)		(10	)		8			83			–		183
Finance costs		6																						(68	)
Finance income		6																						62
Profit before tax																								177
Income tax		7																						1
Profit for the year																								178
Other segment items
Share of results of joint ventures and associates		12		–			(1	)		3			(1	)		–			–			–		1
Depreciation and impairment		10		92			48			14			9			63			15			–		241
Amortisation and impairment		11, 20		134			67			34			25			165			21			–		446

1.   Comparative balances have been restated to reflect the move between operating segments.

																							2020
									English												Penguin
			Assessment &			Virtual			Language			Workforce			Higher			Strategic			Random
All figures in £ millions	Notes		Qualifications			Learning			Learning			Skills			Education			Review			House		Group1
Sales		3		1,118			692			218			163			956			250			–		3,397
Adjusted operating profit				147			29			1			26			93			16			1		313
Cost of major restructuring				–			–			–			–			–			–			–		–
Intangible charges				(29	)		(30	)		(7	)		(8	)		(3	)		(3	)		–		(80	)
Other net gains and losses				–			–			–			–			–			(2	)		180		178
Operating profit/(loss)				118			(1	)		(6	)		18			90			11			181		411
Finance costs		6																						(107	)
Finance income		6																						76
Profit before tax																								380
Income tax		7																						(50	)
Profit for the year																								330
Other segment items
Share of results of joint ventures and associates				–			–			4			–			–			–			1		5
Depreciation and impairment				53			21			7			5			28			11			–		125
Amortisation and impairment				154			64			34			24			167			29			–		472

1.   Comparative balances have been restated to reflect the move between operating segments.

Summary of Operating Segments in Geographic Areas

The Group operates in the following main geographic areas:

			Sales				Non-current assets
All figures in £ millions	2022		2021		2020		2022		2021
UK		424		355		319		527		578
Other European countries		192		249		216		192		122
US		2,668		2,182		2,335		2,333		2,034
Canada		110		111		91		243		217
Asia Pacific		290		359		251		200		190
Other countries		157		172		185		17		18
Total		3,841		3,428		3,397		3,512		3,159