Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following (in millions):


	December 31, 2023								December 31, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Mutual funds	$	1,025	$	1,025	$	—	$	—	$	897	$	897	$	—	$	—
U.S. Government securities	119		—		119		—		118		—		118		—
Other securities	679		333		301		45		660		333		264		63
Derivatives	32		—		32		—		18		—		18		—
Liabilities
Derivatives	200		—		200		—		196		—		196		—

Substantially all assets measured at fair value, other than derivatives, represent assets held in a trust to fund certain of our non-qualified deferred compensation plan and are recorded in other noncurrent assets on our consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the fair value of our assets held in the trust totaled $1.8 billion and $1.6 billion. Net gains on these securities were $240 million and $205 million in 2023 and 2021 and net losses of $323 million in 2022. Gains and losses on these investments are included in other unallocated, net within cost of sales on our consolidated statements of earnings in order to align the classification of changes in the market value of investments held for the plan with changes in the value of the corresponding plan liabilities.

The fair values of mutual funds and certain other securities are determined by reference to the quoted market price per unit in active markets multiplied by the number of units held without consideration of transaction costs. The fair values of U.S. Government and certain other securities are determined using pricing models that use observable inputs (e.g., interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals), bids provided by brokers or dealers or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. The fair values of derivative instruments, which consist of foreign currency forward contracts, including embedded derivatives, and interest rate swap contracts, are primarily determined based on the present value of future cash flows using model-derived valuations that use observable inputs such as interest rates, credit spreads and foreign currency exchange rates.

We use derivative instruments principally to reduce our exposure to market risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. We do not enter into or hold derivative instruments for speculative trading purposes. We transact business globally and are subject to risks associated with changing foreign currency exchange rates. We enter into foreign currency hedges such as forward and option contracts that change in value as foreign currency exchange rates change. Our most significant foreign currency exposures relate to the British pound sterling, the euro, the Canadian dollar, the Australian dollar, the Norwegian kroner and the Polish zloty. These contracts hedge forecasted foreign currency transactions in order to minimize fluctuations in our earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We designate foreign currency hedges as cash flow hedges. We also are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes primarily through our borrowing activities. For fixed rate borrowings, we may use variable interest rate swaps, effectively converting fixed rate borrowings to variable rate borrowings in order to hedge changes in the fair value of the debt. These swaps are designated as fair value hedges. For variable rate borrowings, we may use fixed interest rate swaps, effectively converting variable rate borrowings to fixed rate borrowings in order to minimize the impact of interest rate changes on earnings. These swaps are designated as cash flow hedges. We also may enter into derivative instruments that are not designated as hedges and do not qualify for hedge accounting, which are intended to minimize certain economic exposures.

The aggregate notional amount of our outstanding interest rate swaps was $1.3 billion at both December 31, 2023 and 2022. The aggregate notional amount of our outstanding foreign currency hedges at December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $6.5 billion and $7.3 billion. The fair values of our outstanding interest rate swaps and foreign currency hedges at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were not significant. Derivative instruments did not have a material impact on net earnings and comprehensive income during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The impact of derivative instruments on our consolidated statements of cash flows is included in net cash provided by operating activities. Substantially all of our derivatives are designated for hedge accounting. See “Note 1 – Organization and Significant Accounting Policies - Derivative financial instruments.”

We also make investments in early-stage companies that we believe are advancing or developing new technologies applicable to our business. Investments that have quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1) are recorded at fair value and reflected in other securities while certain investments are categorized as Level 3 when valuations using observable inputs are unavailable. See “Note 1 – Organization and Significant Accounting Policies - Investments.”

In addition to the financial instruments listed in the table above, we hold other financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and debt. The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, receivables and accounts payable approximated their fair values. The estimated fair value of our outstanding debt was $18.5 billion and $16.0 billion at December 31, 2023 and 2022. The outstanding principal amount of debt, including short-term and long-term debt, was $18.7 billion and $16.8 billion at December 31, 2023 and 2022, excluding $1.3 billion of unamortized discounts and issuance costs at both December 31, 2023 and 2022. The estimated fair values of our outstanding debt were determined based on the present value of future cash flows using model-derived valuations that use observable inputs such as interest rates and credit spreads (Level 2).