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Postretirement Benefit Plans
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Postretirement Benefit Plans Postretirement Benefit Plans
Plan Descriptions
Many of our employees and retirees participate in various postretirement benefit plans including defined benefit pension plans, retiree medical and life insurance plans, defined contribution retirement savings plans, and other postemployment plans. Substantially all of our postretirement benefit obligations relate to U.S. based defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans. The majority of our U.S. defined benefit pension plans provide for benefits within limits imposed by federal tax law (referred to as qualified plans). However, certain of our U.S. defined benefit pension plans provide for benefits in excess of qualified plan limits imposed by federal tax law (referred to as nonqualified plans).

Salaried employees hired after December 31, 2005 are not eligible to participate in our qualified defined benefit pension plans, but are eligible to participate in a qualified defined contribution plan in addition to our other retirement savings plans. They also have the ability to participate in our retiree medical plans, but we do not subsidize the cost of their participation in those plans as we do with employees hired before January 1, 2006. Over the last few years, we have negotiated similar changes with various labor organizations such that new union represented employees do not participate in our defined benefit pension plans. Our qualified defined benefit pension plans for salaried employees were fully frozen effective January 1, 2020, at which time such employees no longer earn additional benefits under the defined benefit pension plans and were transitioned to an enhanced defined contribution retirement savings plan.

On August 3, 2021, we purchased group annuity contracts to transfer $4.9 billion of gross defined benefit pension obligations and related plan assets from certain of our qualified defined benefit pension plans to an insurance company for approximately 18,000 U.S. retirees and beneficiaries. The group annuity contracts were purchased using assets from Lockheed Martin’s master retirement trust and no additional funding contribution was required by us. As a result of this transaction, we were relieved of all responsibility for these pension obligations and the insurance company is now required to pay and administer the retirement benefits beginning on January 1, 2022. This transaction had no impact on the amount, timing, or form of the monthly retirement benefit payments to the affected retirees and beneficiaries. In connection with this transaction, we recognized a noncash pension settlement charge of $1.7 billion ($1.3 billion, or $4.72 per share, after tax) for the affected plans in 2021, which represents the accelerated recognition of actuarial losses that were included in the AOCL account within stockholders’ equity.

On December 3, 2020, we purchased a group annuity contract to transfer $1.4 billion of gross defined benefit pension obligations and related plan assets to an insurance company for approximately 13,500 U.S. retirees and beneficiaries. As a result of this transaction, we were relieved of all responsibility for these pension obligations and the insurance company is now required to pay and administer the retirement benefits. Although this transaction was treated as a settlement for accounting purposes, we were not required to recognize a settlement charge because the aggregate value of settlements for the affected plans in 2020 were less than each plan’s service and interest cost.

Also on December 3, 2020, we purchased a group annuity contract pursuant to which an insurance company will reimburse the affected qualified defined benefit pension plan for $793 million of gross defined benefit pension obligations for approximately 2,500 U.S. retirees and beneficiaries. Under the terms of the arrangement, the plan retains the obligation for paying the pension benefits to the covered retirees and beneficiaries and the insurance company will reimburse the plan as those benefits are paid. The group annuity contract provides us the option to transfer the defined benefit pension obligations to the insurance company at our discretion. Because the plan retains the obligation for paying the pension benefits to the covered retirees and beneficiaries this transaction was not treated as a settlement for accounting purpose and we were not required to recognize a settlement charge.
Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plans and Retiree Medical and Life Insurance Plans
FAS Expense (Income)
The pretax FAS expense (income) related to our qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans each year included the following (in millions):
 Qualified Defined
Benefit Pension Plans 		Retiree Medical and
Life Insurance Plans
202120202019202120202019
Operating:
Service cost$106 $101 $516 $13 $13 $14 
Non-operating:
Interest cost1,220 1,538 1,806 53 70 97 
Expected return on plan assets(2,146)(2,264)(2,300)(141)(127)(110)
Recognized net actuarial losses (gains)902 849 1,404 — (4)2 
Amortization of net prior service (credits) costs (349)(342)(333)37 39 42 
Settlement charge1,665 — — — — — 
Non-service FAS pension expense (income)1,292 (219)577 (51)(22)31 
Net periodic benefit expense (income)$1,398 $(118)$1,093 $(38)$(9)$45 

We record the service cost component of FAS expense for our qualified defined benefit plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans in the cost of sales accounts on our consolidated statement of earnings; the non-service components of our FAS expense (income) for our qualified defined benefit pension plans in the non-service FAS pension (expense) income account on our consolidated statement of earnings; and the non-service components of our FAS expense (income) for our retiree medical and life insurance plans as part of the other non-operating income (expense), net account on our consolidated statement of earnings.
Funded Status

The following table provides a reconciliation of benefit obligations, plan assets and net (unfunded) funded status related to our qualified defined benefit pension plans and our retiree medical and life insurance plans (in millions):
 Qualified Defined 
Benefit Pension Plans		Retiree Medical and
Life Insurance Plans
2021202020212020
Change in benefit obligation
Beginning balance (a)
$51,352 $48,674 $2,271 $2,226 
Service cost106 101 13 13 
Interest cost1,220 1,538 53 70 
Actuarial (gains) losses (b)
(2,045)4,610 (352)117 
Settlements (c)
(4,885)(1,392)— — 
Plan amendments and curtailments2 9 — (8)
Benefits paid(2,303)(2,188)(217)(220)
Medicare Part D subsidy— — 4 3 
Participants’ contributions— — 67 70 
Ending balance (a)
$43,447 $51,352 $1,839 $2,271 
Change in plan assets
Beginning balance at fair value$38,481 $35,442 $2,085 $1,889 
Actual return on plan assets (d)
3,899 5,594 224 298 
Settlements (c)
(4,885)(1,392)— — 
Benefits paid(2,303)(2,188)(217)(220)
Company contributions— 1,025 6 45 
Medicare Part D subsidy— — 4 3 
Participants’ contributions— — 67 70 
Ending balance at fair value$35,192 $38,481 $2,169 $2,085 
Unfunded status of the plans$(8,255)$(12,871)$330 $(186)
(a)Benefit obligation balances represent the projected benefit obligation for our qualified defined benefit pension plans and the accumulated benefit obligation for our retiree medical and life insurance plans.
(b)Actuarial gains for our qualified defined benefit pension plans in 2021 primarily reflect an increase in the discount rate from 2.50% at December 31, 2020 to 2.875% at December 31, 2021, which decreased benefit obligations by $2.3 billion, partially offset by an increase of approximately $250 million due to changes in longevity assumptions and participant data. Actuarial gains for our retiree medical and life insurance plans in 2021 reflect an increase in the discount rate from 2.375% at December 31, 2020 to 2.75% at December 31, 2021, which decreased benefit obligations by $70 million, and $282 million due to changes in plan participation assumptions and claims data.
(c)Qualified defined benefit pension plan settlements in 2021 and 2020 represent the transfer of gross defined benefit pension obligations and related plan assets to insurance companies pursuant to the group annuity contracts purchased on August 3, 2021 and December 3, 2020, respectively, as described above.
(d)Actual return on plan assets for our qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans was approximately 10.5% in 2021 and 16.5% in 2020.

We are required to recognize the net funded status of each postretirement benefit plan on a standalone basis as either an asset or a liability on our consolidated balance sheet. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair value of each plan’s assets and the benefit obligation. Each year we measure the fair value of each plan’s assets and benefit obligation on December 31, consistent with our fiscal year end. The fair value of each plan’s benefit obligation reflects assumptions in effect as of the measurement date as described below. For certain of our qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans the plan assets may exceed the benefit obligation, which we recognize the net amount as an asset on our consolidated balance sheet. Conversely, for most of our qualified defined benefit pension plans the benefit obligation exceeds plan assets, which we recognize the net amount as a liability on our consolidated balance sheet.
The following table provides amounts recognized on our consolidated balance sheets related to our qualified defined benefit pension plans and our retiree medical and life insurance plans (in millions):
 Qualified Defined 
Benefit Pension Plans		Retiree Medical and
Life Insurance Plans
2021202020212020
Other noncurrent assets$64 $3 $330 $— 
Accrued pension liabilities(8,319)(12,874)— — 
Other noncurrent liabilities— — — (186)
Net (unfunded) funded status of the plans$(8,255)$(12,871)$330 $(186)

Differences between the actual return and expected return on plan assets during the year and changes in the benefit obligation for our qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans due to changes in the annual valuation assumptions generate actuarial gains or losses. Additionally, the benefit obligation for our qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans may increase or decrease as a result of plan amendments that affect the benefits to plan participants related to service for periods prior to the effective date of the amendment, which generates prior service costs or credits. Actuarial gains or losses, and prior service costs or credits, are initially deferred in accumulated other comprehensive loss and subsequently amortized for each plan into expense or (income) on a straight-line basis either over the average remaining life expectancy of plan participants or over the average remaining service period of plan participants, subject to certain thresholds.

The following table provides the amount of actuarial gains or losses and prior service costs or credits recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans at December 31 (in millions):
 Qualified Defined 
Benefit Pension Plans		Retiree Medical and
Life Insurance Plans
2021202020212020
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (pre-tax) related to:
Net actuarial losses$14,675 $21,040 $(554)$(119)
Prior service (credit) cost(884)(1,235)36 73 
Total
$13,791 $19,805 $(518)$(46)
Estimated tax(2,947)(4,230)110 9 
Net amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss$10,844 $15,575 $(408)$(37)
The following table provides the changes recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for actuarial gains or losses and prior service costs or credits due to differences between the actual return and expected return on plan assets and changes in the fair value of the benefit obligation recognized in connection with our annual remeasurement and the amortization during the year for our qualified defined benefit pension plans, retiree medical and life insurance plans, and certain other plans (in millions):
 Incurred but Not Yet
Recognized in
FAS Expense		Recognition of
Previously
Deferred Amounts
202120202019202120202019
 gains (losses)(gains) losses
Actuarial gains and losses
Qualified defined benefit pension plans$2,987 $(1,005)$(2,283)$2,019 $668 $1,104 
Retiree medical and life insurance plans342 43 238 — (3)2 
Other plans76 (104)(133)24 24 42 
 3,405 (1,066)(2,178)2,043 689 1,148 
 credit (cost)(credit) cost
Net prior service credit and cost
Qualified defined benefit pension plans(1)(7)(8)(274)(269)(263)
Retiree medical and life insurance plans— 6 4 29 30 33 
Other plans— — — (11)(10)(10)
 (1)(1)(4)(256)(249)(240)
 $3,404 $(1,067)$(2,182)$1,787 $440 $908 
The accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) for all qualified defined benefit pension plans was $43.4 billion and $51.3 billion at December 31, 2021 and 2020. The ABO represents benefits accrued without assuming future compensation increases to plan participants and is approximately equal to our projected benefit obligation. Plans where ABO was less than plan assets represent prepaid pension assets, which are included on our consolidated balance sheets in other noncurrent assets. Plans where ABO was in excess of plan assets represent accrued pension liabilities, which are included on our consolidated balance sheets.
Assumptions Used to Determine Benefit Obligations and FAS Expense (Income)

We measure the fair value of each plan’s assets and benefit obligation on December 31, consistent with our fiscal year end. Benefit obligations as of the end of each year reflect assumptions in effect as of those dates. Expense is based on assumptions in effect at the end of the preceding year. The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations at December 31 of each year and FAS expense for each subsequent year were as follows:
 Qualified Defined Benefit
Pension Plans		Retiree Medical and
Life Insurance Plans
202120202019202120202019
Weighted average discount rate2.875 %2.500 %3.250 %2.750 %2.375 %3.250 %
Expected long-term rate of return on assets6.50 %7.00 %7.00 %6.50 %7.00 %7.00 %
Health care trend rate assumed for next year7.50 %7.75 %8.00 %
Ultimate health care trend rate4.50 %4.50 %4.50 %
Year ultimate health care trend rate is reached   203420342034
The long-term rate of return assumption represents the expected long-term rate of earnings on the funds invested, or to be invested, to provide for the benefits included in the benefit obligations. That assumption is based on several factors including historical market index returns, the anticipated long-term allocation of plan assets, the historical return data for the trust funds, plan expenses and the potential to outperform market index returns. The actual investment return for our qualified defined benefit plans during 2021 of $3.9 billion based on an actual rate of approximately 10.5% improved plan assets more than the $2.1 billion expected return based on our long-term rate of return assumption. In connection with the August 3, 2021 plan remeasurements, we lowered our expected long-term rate of return on plan assets from 7.00% to 6.50%, which reflects recent changes in our asset allocation targets applicable to all qualified defined benefit pension and retiree medical and life insurance plans as of the December 31, 2021 remeasurement.
Plan Assets
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Lockheed Martin Investment Management Company (LMIMCo), has the fiduciary responsibility for making investment decisions related to the assets of our postretirement benefit plans. LMIMCo’s investment objectives for the assets of these plans are (1) to minimize the net present value of expected funding contributions; (2) to ensure there is a high probability that each plan meets or exceeds our actuarial long-term rate of return assumptions; and (3) to diversify assets to minimize the risk of large losses. The nature and duration of benefit obligations, along with assumptions concerning asset class returns and return correlations, are considered when determining an appropriate asset allocation to achieve the investment objectives. Investment policies and strategies governing the assets of the plans are designed to achieve investment objectives within prudent risk parameters. Risk management practices include the use of external investment managers; the maintenance of a portfolio diversified by asset class, investment approach and security holdings; and the maintenance of sufficient liquidity to meet benefit obligations as they come due.
LMIMCo’s investment policies require that asset allocations of postretirement benefit plans be maintained within the following approximate ranges:
Asset ClassAsset Allocation
Ranges
Cash and cash equivalents
0-20%
Equity
15-65%
Fixed income
10-60%
Alternative investments:
Private equity funds
0-15%
Real estate funds
0-10%
Hedge funds
0-20%
Commodities
0-15%
The following table presents the fair value of the assets (in millions) of our qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans by asset category and their level within the fair value hierarchy (see “Note 1 – Organization and Significant Accounting Policies - Investments” for definition of these levels), which we are required to disclose even though these assets are not separately recorded on our consolidated balance sheet. Certain investments are measured at their Net Asset Value (NAV) per share because such investments do not have readily determinable fair values and, therefore, are not required to be categorized in the fair value hierarchy. Assets measured at NAV have been included in the table below to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to amounts presented in the funded status table above.
 December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Investments measured at fair value
Cash and cash equivalents (a)
$991 $991 $— $— $1,109 $1,109 $— $— 
Equity (a):
U.S. equity securities6,479 6,444 5 30 7,535 7,467 8 60 
International equity securities4,882 4,880 — 2 6,844 6,836 — 8 
Commingled equity funds869 36 833 — 1,671 442 1,228 1 
Fixed income (a):
Corporate debt securities6,397 — 6,295 102 5,732 — 5,730 2 
U.S. Government securities2,864 — 2,864 — 2,506 — 2,506 — 
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities
228 — 228 — 230 — 230 — 
Other fixed income investments (b)
4,736 49 3,071 1,616 5,873 37 4,063 1,773 
Total$27,446 $12,400 $13,296 $1,750 $31,500 $15,891 $13,765 $1,844 
Investments measured at NAV
Commingled equity funds130 92 
Other fixed income investments701 541 
Private equity funds5,386 4,672 
Real estate funds3,059 2,650 
Hedge funds556    1,111    
Total investments measured at NAV
9,832    9,066    
Receivables, net83    —    
Total$37,361    $40,566    
(a)Cash and cash equivalents, equity securities and fixed income securities included derivative assets and liabilities whose fair values were not material as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. LMIMCo’s investment policies restrict the use of derivatives to either establish long or short exposures for purposes consistent with applicable investment mandate guidelines or to hedge risks to the extent of a plan’s current exposure to such risks. Most derivative transactions are settled on a daily basis.
(b)Level 3 investments include $1.5 billion at December 31, 2021 and $1.7 billion at December 31, 2020 related to the buy-in contracts discussed above.
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the assets associated with our foreign defined benefit pension plans were not material and have not been included in the table above. Changes in the fair value of plan assets categorized as Level 3 during 2021 and 2020 were not significant.
Cash equivalents are mostly comprised of short-term money-market instruments and are valued at cost, which approximates fair value.
U.S. equity securities and international equity securities categorized as Level 1 are traded on active national and international exchanges and are valued at their closing prices on the last trading day of the year. For U.S. equity securities and international equity securities not traded on an active exchange, or if the closing price is not available, the trustee obtains indicative quotes from a pricing vendor, broker or investment manager. These securities are categorized as Level 2 if the custodian obtains corroborated quotes from a pricing vendor or categorized as Level 3 if the custodian obtains uncorroborated quotes from a broker or investment manager.
Commingled equity funds categorized as Level 1 are traded on active national and international exchanges and are valued at their closing prices on the last trading day of the year. For commingled equity funds not traded on an active exchange, or if
the closing price is not available, the trustee obtains indicative quotes from a pricing vendor, broker or investment manager. These securities are categorized as Level 2 if the custodian obtains corroborated quotes from a pricing vendor.
Fixed income investments categorized as Level 1 are publicly exchange-traded. Fixed income investments categorized as Level 2 are valued by the trustee using pricing models that use verifiable observable market data (e.g., interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals and credit spreads), bids provided by brokers or dealers or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. Fixed income investments are categorized as Level 3 when valuations using observable inputs are unavailable. The trustee typically obtains pricing based on indicative quotes or bid evaluations from vendors, brokers or the investment manager. In addition, certain other fixed income investments categorized as Level 3 are valued using a discounted cash flow approach. Significant inputs include projected annuity payments and the discount rate applied to those payments.
Certain commingled equity and fixed income funds, consisting of underlying equity and fixed income securities, respectively, are valued using the NAV practical expedient. The NAV valuations are based on the underlying investments and typically redeemable within 90 days. The NAV is the total value of the fund divided by the number of the fund’s shares outstanding.
Private equity funds consist of partnership and co-investment funds. The NAV is based on valuation models of the underlying securities, which includes unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated using verifiable observable market data. These funds typically have redemption periods between eight and 12 years.
Real estate funds consist of partnerships, most of which are closed-end funds, for which the NAV is based on valuation models and periodic appraisals. These funds typically have redemption periods between eight and 10 years.
Hedge funds consist of direct hedge funds for which the NAV is generally based on the valuation of the underlying investments. Redemptions in hedge funds are based on the specific terms of each fund, and generally range from a minimum of one month to several months.
Contributions and Expected Benefit Payments
The required funding of our qualified defined benefit pension plans is determined in accordance with ERISA, as amended, and in a manner consistent with CAS and Internal Revenue Code rules. We made no contributions to our qualified defined benefit pension plans in 2021 and do not plan to make contributions to our qualified defined benefit pension plans in 2022.

The following table presents estimated future benefit payments as of December 31, 2021 (in millions):
202220232024202520262027 – 2031
Qualified defined benefit pension plans$1,980 $2,080 $2,160 $2,230 $2,290 $11,700 
Retiree medical and life insurance plans140 140 140 130 130 570 
We maintain various trusts to fund the obligations of our qualified defined benefit pension plans and retiree medical and life insurance plans. We expect the estimated future benefit payments will be paid using assets in the trusts established for the plans.
Nonqualified Defined Benefit Pension Plans and Other Postemployment Plans

We sponsor nonqualified defined benefit pension plans to provide benefits in excess of qualified plan limits imposed by federal tax law. The gross benefit obligation for these plans was $1.3 billion and $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, most of which was recorded in the other noncurrent liabilities account on our consolidated balance sheet. We have set aside certain assets totaling $872 million and $877 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 in a separate trust that we expect to use to pay the benefit obligations under our nonqualified defined benefit pension plans, most of which were recorded in the other noncurrent assets account on our consolidated balance sheet. We record the gross assets on our consolidated balance sheet, rather than netting such assets with the benefit obligation for our nonqualified defined benefit pension plans, because the assets held are diversified and legally the assets may be used to settle other obligations or claims (although that is not our intent). Actuarial losses and unrecognized prior service credits related to our nonqualified defined benefit pension plans that were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, pretax, totaled $625 million and $697 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020. We recognized pretax pension expense of $56 million in 2021, $59 million in 2020 and $108 million in 2019 related to our nonqualified defined benefit pension plans. The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations and FAS expense for our nonqualified defined benefit pension plans are similar to the assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations and FAS expense for our qualified defined benefit pension plans described above.
We also sponsor other postemployment plans and foreign benefit plans, which are accounted for similar to defined benefit pension plans. The benefit obligations, assets, expense, and amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss for other postemployment plans and foreign benefit plans were not material to our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Defined Contribution Retirement Savings Plans
We maintain a number of defined contribution retirement savings plans, most with 401(k) features, that cover substantially all of our employees. Under the provisions of these plans, employees can make contributions on a before-tax and after-tax basis to investment funds to save for retirement. For most plans, we make employer contributions to the employee accounts that comprise of a company non-elective contribution and a matching contribution. Company contributions are automatically invested in an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) fund, which primarily invests in shares of our common stock. Plan participants can transfer from the ESOP fund into any investment option provided by the respective plan. Our contributions to defined contribution retirement savings plans were $1.1 billion in 2021, $984 million in 2020 and $741 million in 2019. Our defined contribution retirement savings plans held 28.9 million and 30.5 million shares of our common stock as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.