Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure

17.       Commitments and contingencies

(a)       Leases

Future minimum lease payments under operating leases at December 31, 2015are presented below:

		Operating
		leases
		$’M
		_____________
2016	1	51.5
2017	1	40.8
2018	1	34.6
2019	1	30.2
2020		29.4
Thereafter	1	185.8
	111	_____________
		372.3
		_____________

The Company leases land, facilities, motor vehicles and certain equipment under operating leases expiring through 2032. Lease and rental expense amounted to $40.7million, $32.9 millionand $44.0million for the yearto December 31, 2015,2014and 2013respectively, which is predominately included in SG&Aexpenses in the Company's consolidated income statement.

(b)       Letters of credit and guarantees

At December 31, 2015 the Company had irrevocable standby letters of credit and guarantees with various banks and insurance companiestotaling $48.0million (being the contractual amounts), providing security for the Company's performance of various obligations. These obligations are primarily in respect of the recoverability of insurance claims, lease obligations and supply commitments.

(c)       Collaborative and other licensing arrangements

Details of significant updates in collaborative and other licensing arrangements are included below:

On September 1, 2015 Shire and SangamoBioSciences, Inc. (“Sangamo”) agreed to revise the collaboration and license agreement originally entered into in January 2012 to expedite the development of ZFP Therapeutics for hemophilia A and B and Huntington's disease. Under the revised terms, Shire has returned to Sangamo the exclusive world-wide rights to gene targets for the development, clinical testing and commercialization of ZFP Therapeutics for hemophilia A and B, and has retained rights and will continue to develop ZFP Therapeutic clinical leads for Huntington's disease and a ZFP Therapeutic for one additional gene target. Each company will be responsible for expenses associated with its own programs and will reimburse the other for any ongoing services provided. Sangamo has granted Shire a right of first negotiation to license the hemophilia A and B programs. No milestone payments will be made on any program and each company will pay certain royalties to the other on commercial sales up to a specified maximum cap.

As of December 31, 2015 Shire hadentered into various other collaborative and out-licensing arrangements under which the Company has out-licensed certain product or intellectual property rights for consideration such as up-front payments, development milestones, sales milestones and/or royalty payments. In some of these arrangements Shire and the licensee are both actively involved in the development and commercialization of the licensed product and have exposure to risks and rewards dependent on its commercial success. Under the terms of these collaborative and out-licensing arrangements, the Company may receive development milestone payments up to an aggregate amount of $32 million and sales milestones up to an aggregate amount of $43 million. The receipt of these substantive milestones is uncertain and contingent on the achievement of certain development milestones or the achievement of a specified level of annual net sales by the licensee. In the yearto December 31, 2015 Shire received cash in respect of up-front and milestone payments totaling$19.6 million (2014: $2.2 million, 2013: $3.0 million). In the yearto December 31, 2015 Shire recognized milestone income of $8.9 million (2014: $16.7 million, 2013: $5.0 million) in other revenues and $51.0 million (2014: $46.5 million, 2013: $58.3 million) in product sales for shipment of product to the relevant licensee.

(d)       Commitments

(i)       Clinical testing

At December 31, 2015 the Company had committed to pay approximately $ 490 million (December 31, 2014: $ 382 million) to contract vendors for administering and executing clinical trials. The timing of these payments is dependent upon actual services performed by the organizations as determined by patient enrollment levels and related activities.

(ii)       Contract manufacturing

At December 31, 2015 the Company had committed to pay approximately $ 325 million (December 31, 2014: $ 384 million) in respect of contract manufacturing. The Company expects to pay $ 101millionof these commitments in 2016.

(iii)       Other purchasing commitments

At December 31, 2015 the Company had committed to pay approximately $ 485 million (December 31, 2014: $ 265 million) for future purchases of goods and services, predominantly relating to active pharmaceutical ingredients sourcing. The Company expects to pay $ 459million of these commitments in 2016.

(iv)       Investment commitments

At December 31, 2015 the Company had outstanding commitments to subscribe for interests in companies and partnerships for amounts totaling $ 22 million (December 31, 2014: $ 67 million) which may all be payable in 2016, depending on the timing of capital calls. The investment commitments include additional funding to certain VIEs of which Shire is not the primary beneficiary.

(v)       Capital commitments

At December 31, 2015 the Company had committed to spend $ 60 million (December 31, 2014: $ 3 million) on capital projects.

(e)Legal and other proceedings

The Company expenses legal costs as they are incurred.

The Company recognizes loss contingency provisions for probable losses when management is able to reasonably estimate the loss. When the estimated loss lies within a range, the Company records a loss contingency provision based on its best estimate of the probable loss. If no particular amount within that range is a better estimate than any other amount, the minimum amount is recorded.  Estimates of losses may be developed substantially before the ultimate loss is known, and are therefore refined each accounting period as additional information becomes known. In instances where the Company is unable to develop a reasonable estimate of loss, no loss contingency provision is recorded at that time. As information becomes known a loss contingency provision is recorded when a reasonable estimate can be made. The estimates are reviewed quarterly and the estimates are changed when expectations are revised. An outcome that deviates from the Company's estimate may result in an additional expense or release in a future accounting period. At December 31, 2015, provisions for litigation losses, insurance claims and other disputes totaled $9.9million (December 31, 2014: $16.9million).

The Company's principal pending legal and other proceedings are disclosed below. The outcomes of these proceedings are not always predictable and can be affected by various factors. For those legal and other proceedings for which it is considered at least reasonably possible that a loss has been incurred, the Company discloses the possible loss or range of possible loss in excess of the recorded loss contingency provision, if any, where such excess is both material and estimable.

VYVANSE

In May and June 2011, Shire was notified that six separate Abbreviated New Drug Applications ("ANDAs") were submitted under the Hatch-Waxman Act seeking permission to market generic versions of all approved strengths of VYVANSE. The notices were from Sandoz, Inc. ("Sandoz"); Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC ("Amneal"); Watson Laboratories, Inc. (“Watson”); Roxane Laboratories, Inc. ("Roxane"); Mylan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Mylan”); and Actavis Elizabeth LLC and Actavis Inc. (collectively, "Actavis"). Since filing suit against these ANDA filers, along with API suppliers Johnson Matthey Inc. and Johnson Matthey Pharmaceuticals Materials (collectively “Johnson Matthey”), Shire has been engaged in a consolidated patent infringement litigation in the US District Court for the District of New Jerseyagainst the aforementioned parties (except Watson, who withdrew their ANDA).

On June 23, 2014, the US District Court for the District of New Jersey granted Shire's summary judgment motion holding that 18 claims of the patents-in-suit were both infringed and valid. On September 24, 2015, the US Court of Appeals of the Federal Circuit (“CAFC”) affirmed that ruling against all of the ANDA filers and the infringement ruling against Johnson Matthey.

LIALDA

In May 2010, Shire was notified that Zydus Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. (“Zydus”) had submitted an ANDA under the Hatch-Waxman Act seeking permission to market a generic version of LIALDA. Within the requisite 45 day period, Shire filed a lawsuit in the US District Court for the District of Delaware against Zydus and Cadila Healthcare Limited, doing business as ZydusCadila. A Markman hearing took place on January 29, 2015 and a Markman ruling was issued on July 28, 2015. A trial is scheduled to take place starting on March 28, 2016.

In February 2012, Shire was notified that Osmotica Pharmaceutical Corporation ("Osmotica") had submitted an ANDA under the Hatch-Waxman Act seeking permission to market a generic version of LIALDA. Within the requisite 45 day period, Shire filed a lawsuit in the US District Court for the Northern District of Georgia against Osmotica. A Markman hearing took place on August 22, 2013 and a Markman ruling was issued on September 25, 2014. The Court issued an Order on February 27, 2015 in which all dates in the scheduling order have been stayed.

In March 2012, Shire was notified that Watson Laboratories Inc.-Florida had submitted an ANDA under the Hatch-Waxman Act seeking permission to market a generic version of LIALDA. Within the requisite 45 day period, Shire filed a lawsuit in the US District Court for the Southern District of Florida against Watson Laboratories Inc.-Florida and Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Watson Pharma, Inc. and Watson Laboratories, Inc. were subsequently added as defendants. A trial took place in April, 2013 and on May 9, 2013 the trial court issued a decision finding that the proposed generic product infringes the patent-in-suit and that the patent is not invalid. Watson appealed the trial court's ruling to the CAFC and a hearing took place on December 2, 2013. The ruling of the CAFC was issued on March 28, 2014 overruling the trial court on the interpretation of two claim terms and remanding the case for further proceedings. Shire petitioned the Supreme Court for a writ of certiori, which was granted on January 26, 2015. The Supreme Court also vacated the CAFC decision and remanded the case to the CAFC for further consideration in light of the Supreme Court's decision in Teva v Sandoz. On June 3, 2015, the CAFC reaffirmed its previous decision to reverse the district court's claims construction. The case has been remanded to the district court and a trial took place beginning on January 25, 2016. Closing arguments are scheduled to take place on March 11, 2016. The court has not issued its ruling on the trial.

In April 2012, Shire was notified that Mylan had submitted an ANDA under the Hatch-Waxman Act seeking permission to market a generic version of LIALDA. Within the requisite 45 day period, Shire filed a lawsuit in the US District Court for the Middle District of Florida against Mylan. A Markman hearing took place on December 22, 2014. A Markman ruling was issued on March 23, 2015. The previously scheduled trial date has been vacated and the case has been stayed until May 31, 2016.

In March 2015, Shire was notified that Amneal had submitted an ANDA under the Hatch-Waxman Act seeking permission to market a generic version of LIALDA. Within the requisite 45 day period, Shire filed a lawsuit in the US District Court for the District of New Jersey against Amneal, Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York, LLC, Amneal Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd. and Amneal Pharmaceuticals Co. India Pvt. Ltd. No trial date has been set.

In September 2015, Shire was notified that Lupin Ltd. had submitted an ANDA under the Hatch-Waxman Act seeking permission to market a generic version of LIALDA. Within the requisite 45 day period, Shire filed a lawsuit in the US District Court for the District of Maryland against Lupin Ltd., Lupin Pharmaceuticals Inc., Lupin Inc. and Lupin Atlantis Holdings SA. A Markman hearing is scheduled to take place on August 22, 2016.  No trial date has been set.

On October 7, 2015 the Patent Trial and Appeals Board (“PTAB”) of the United States Patent Office instituted an inter parties review (“IPR”) of US Patent 6,773,720 which is the patent-in-suit in the litigations referred to above.  The IPR process is designed to re-assess the patentability of the claims of the patent.  A decision from the PTAB is expected in October 2016.

Investigation related to DERMAGRAFT

The Department of Justice, including the US Attorney's Office for the Middle District of Florida, Tampa Division and the US Attorney's Office for Washington, DC, is conducting civil and criminal investigations into the sales and marketing practices of Advanced BioHealing Inc. (“ABH”) relating to DERMAGRAFT.

Following the disposal of the DERMAGRAFT business in January 2014, Shire has retained certain legacy liabilities including any liability that may arise from this investigation. Shire is cooperating fully with these investigations. Shire is not in a position at this time to predict the scope, duration or outcome of these investigations.

Civil Investigative Demand relating to VANCOCIN

On April 6, 2012, ViroPharma received a notification that the United States Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) is conducting an investigation into whether ViroPharma had engaged in unfair methods of competition with respect to VANCOCIN. On August 3, 2012, and September 8, 2014, ViroPharma and Shire respectively received Civil Investigative Demands from the FTC requesting additional information related to this matter. Shire has fully cooperated with the FTC's investigation. At this time, Shire is unable to predict the outcome or duration of this investigation.

Lawsuit related to supply of ELAPRASE to certain patients in Brazil

On September 24, 2014 Shire's Brazilian affiliate, Shire FarmaceuticaBrasilLtda, was served with a lawsuit brought by the State of Sao Paulo and in which the Brazilian Public Attorney's office has intervened alleging that Shire is obligated to provide certain medical care including ELAPRASE for an indefinite period at no cost to patients who participated in ELAPRASE clinical trials in Brazil, and seeking recoupment to the Brazilian government for amounts paid for these patients to date, and moral damages associated with these claims.  Shire intends to defend itself against these allegations but is not able to predict the outcome or duration of this case.