Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

May 02, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Newly Issued Accounting Standards - Effective and Not Yet Effective

Newly Issued Accounting Standards - Effective

Leases

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Codification ASC 842, Leases, which requires an entity to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by leased assets and to provide additional disclosures. Effective November 3, 2019, Ciena adopted ASC 842 which requires right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities to be recorded on the balance sheet for leases. The guidance specifies that at the inception of a contract, an entity must determine whether the contract is or contains a lease. The contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of the property, plant, or equipment for a designated term in exchange for consideration. Ciena’s evaluation of its contracts followed the assessment of whether there was a right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use and the right to direct the use of the identified asset in the contract. Operating leases are included in the Operating right-of-use assets (“Operating ROU assets”), Operating lease liabilities and Long-term operating lease liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in Equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, net (“Finance ROU assets”), Accrued liabilities and other short-term obligations and Other long-term obligations are included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Ciena adopted the guidance on a modified retrospective basis as of November 3, 2019, such that related amounts in prior periods have not been restated. Ciena has operating and finance leases that primarily relate to real property. As a practical expedient, Ciena has elected the “package of practical expedients” and, as a result, did not reassess existing lease identifications, lease classifications or initial direct costs. As a practical expedient, Ciena has elected not to capitalize leases with a term of 12 months or less without a purchase option that it is likely to exercise. Also as a practical expedient for disclosure, Ciena has elected not to separate lease and non-lease components on operating and finance leases. Lease components are payment items directly attributable to the use of the underlying asset, while non-lease components are explicit elements of a contract not directly related to the use of the underlying asset, including pass through operating expenses like common area maintenance and utilities.

Operating ROU assets and lease liabilities and Finance ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at the present value of the future lease payments over the life of the lease term. Ciena uses discount rates based on incremental borrowing rates, on a collateralized basis, for the respective underlying assets, for terms similar to the respective leases when implicit rates for leases are not determinable. Operating lease costs are included as rent expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Fixed base payments on operating leases paid directly to the lessor are recorded as lease expense on a straight-line basis. Related variable payments based on usage, changes in an index, or market rate are expensed as incurred. Finance ROU assets are generally amortized on a straight line basis over the lease term with the interest expense on the lease liability recorded using the interest method. The amortization and interest expense are recorded separately in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Upon adoption, Ciena recorded Operating ROU assets of $53.3 million and lease liabilities of $76.0 million related to its operating leases. As of November 2, 2019, the restructuring reserve liability for vacated office space of $11.1 million was included in Accrued liabilities and other short-term obligations and Other long-term obligations on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet under prior accounting guidance. Upon adoption of the updated guidance, the existing lease reserve liability was reclassified as a reduction to the Operating ROU assets. ROU assets will be tested for impairment when circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable. The adoption of this guidance did not require a cumulative effect adjustment or have an impact on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Opening Balance Adjustments

The following table summarizes the cumulative effect of the changes made to Ciena’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet in connection with the adoption of ASC 842 (in thousands):

	Balance at November 2, 2019		New Lease Accounting Standard				Adjusted Balance at November 3, 2019
ASSETS:
Operating right-of-use assets	$	—	$	53,334		(1)	$	53,334
Total assets	$	3,893,346	$	53,334			$	3,946,680
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Accrued liabilities and other short-term obligations	$	382,740	$	(1,484	)	(2)	$	381,256
Short-term lease liabilities	$	—	20,498			(3)	$	20,498
Other long-term obligations	$	148,747	(21,244		)	(4)	$	127,503
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$	—	55,564			(5)	$	55,564
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,893,346	$	53,334			$	3,946,680

⁽¹⁾ Represents $76.0 million of operating leases recognized as Operating ROU assets upon adoption of ASC 842, less $5.4 million of deferred rent, $6.2 million of tenant improvement allowances, $1.5 million of short-term restructuring reserve liability and $9.6 million of long-term restructuring reserve liability all recognized as a reduction to Right-of-use assets.

⁽²⁾ Represents $1.5 million of short-term restructuring reserve liability recognized as a reduction to Operating ROU assets.

⁽³⁾ Represents $20.5 million of lease liabilities for operating leases.

⁽⁴⁾ Represents $9.6 million of long-term restructuring reserve liability, $5.4 million of deferred rent, and $6.2 million of tenant improvement allowances recognized as a reduction to Right-of-use assets.

⁽⁵⁾ Represents $55.6 million of lease liabilities for operating leases.

See Note 15 for additional information.

Fair Value Measurement

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13 (“ASU 2018-13”), Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework which modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. Ciena adopted ASU 2018-13 beginning the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. Adoption of ASU 2018-13 did not have a material effect on Ciena’s financial position or results of operations.

Newly Issued Accounting Standards - Not Yet Effective

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (“ASU 2016-13”), Financial Instruments - Credit Losses, which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. ASU 2016-13 is effective for Ciena beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, and early adoption is permitted. Ciena is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on its Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.