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Interest and Other Income (Loss), Net
 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2019
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]  
INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME (LOSS), NET INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME (LOSS), NET
The components of interest and other income (loss), net, were as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended October 31,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Interest income
 
$
14,410

 
$
13,703

 
$
6,579

Gain (loss) on non-hedge designated foreign currency forward contracts
 
3

 
6,791

 
(1,198
)
Foreign currency exchange losses
 
(9,800
)
 
(19,434
)
 
(4,376
)
Loss on fair value of debt conversion liability
 
—

 
(12,070
)
 
—

Other
 
(737
)
 
(1,019
)
 
(92
)
Interest and other income (loss), net
 
$
3,876

 
$
(12,029
)
 
$
913


Ciena Corporation, as the U.S. parent entity, uses the U.S. Dollar as its functional currency; however, some of its foreign branch offices and subsidiaries use the local currency as their functional currency. During fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, Ciena recorded $9.8 million, $19.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively, in exchange rate losses, as a result of monetary assets and liabilities that were transacted in a currency other than the entity’s functional currency, and the re-measurement adjustments were recorded in interest and other income (loss), net. For fiscal 2019, the majority of the foreign currency exchange rate losses relate to fluctuations in the Brazilian and Argentine exchange rates. From time to time, Ciena uses foreign currency forwards to hedge these balance sheet exposures. These forwards are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes, and any net gain or loss associated with these derivatives is also reported in interest and other income (loss), net. During fiscal 2019, Ciena recorded minimal gains from non-hedge designated foreign currency forward contracts. For fiscal 2018 and fiscal 2017, Ciena recorded a gain of $6.8 million, and a loss of $1.2 million respectively, from non-hedge designated foreign currency forward contracts.