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Restructuring Costs (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2018
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Activity and balance of the restructuring liability accounts
The following table sets forth the restructuring activity and balance of the restructuring liability accounts for the fiscal years indicated (in thousands):

 
Workforce
reduction
 
Consolidation
of excess
facilities
 
Total
Balance at October 31, 2015
$
591

 
$
688

 
$
1,279

Additional liability recorded
2,844

(1) 
2,089

 
4,933

Cash payments
(2,567
)
 
(807
)
 
(3,374
)
Balance at October 31, 2016
868

 
1,970

 
2,838

Additional liability recorded
5,883

(2) 
5,432

(4) 
11,315

Adjustment to previous estimates
—

 
(1,048
)
 
(1,048
)
Cash payments
(5,460
)
 
(4,706
)
 
(10,166
)
Balance at October 31, 2017
1,291

 
1,648

 
2,939

Additional liability recorded
14,853

(3) 
3,890

(5) 
18,743

Cash payments
(14,036
)
 
(3,799
)
 
(17,835
)
Balance at October 31, 2018
$
2,108

 
$
1,739

 
$
3,847

Current restructuring liabilities
$
2,108

 
$
502

 
$
2,610

Non-current restructuring liabilities
$
—

 
$
1,237

 
$
1,237

_________________________________
(1)
During fiscal 2016, Ciena recorded a charge of $2.8 million of severance and other employee-related costs associated with a workforce reduction of approximately 75 employees.
(2)
During fiscal 2017, Ciena recorded a charge of $5.9 million of severance and other employee-related costs associated with a workforce reduction of approximately 100 employees.
(3)
During fiscal 2018, Ciena recorded a charge of $14.9 million of severance and other employee-related costs associated with a workforce reduction of approximately 240 employees.
(4)
Reflects unfavorable lease commitments and relocation costs incurred in connection with our research and development center facility transitions in Ottawa, Canada.
(5)
Reflects unfavorable lease commitments in connection with a portion of facilities located in Petaluma, California and in Gurgaon, India.