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Fair Value
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2012
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE
FAIR VALUE

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date in a principal or most advantageous market. Fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on inputs, which refer broadly to assumptions that market participants use in pricing assets or liabilities. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated or generally unobservable inputs. The Company makes certain assumptions it believes that market participants would use in pricing assets or liabilities, including assumptions about risk, and the risks inherent in the inputs to valuation techniques. Credit risk of the Company and its counterparties is incorporated in the valuation of assets and liabilities through the use of credit reserves, the impact of which was immaterial at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011. The Company believes it uses valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable market-based inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.

A fair value hierarchy has been established, that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value in three broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). In some cases, the inputs used to measure fair value might fall in different levels of the fair value hierarchy. All assets and liabilities are required to be classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Assessing the significance of a particular input may require judgment considering factors specific to the asset or liability, and may affect the valuation of the asset or liability and its placement within the fair value hierarchy. The Company classifies fair value balances based on the fair value hierarchy defined as follows:

Level 1 — Consists of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access as of the reporting date.

Level 2 — Consists of inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are directly observable for the asset or liability or indirectly observable through corroboration with observable market data.

Level 3 — Consists of unobservable inputs for assets or liabilities whose fair value is estimated based on internally developed models or methodologies using inputs that are generally less readily observable and supported by little, if any, market activity at the measurement date. Unobservable inputs are developed based on the best available information and subject to cost-benefit constraints.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents include investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. The cash equivalents shown in the fair value table are comprised of short-term investments and money market funds. The fair values of the shares in these investments are based upon observable market prices for similar securities and, therefore, have been categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts and Other Investments

The nuclear decommissioning trusts and other investments hold debt and equity securities directly and indirectly through commingled funds and institutional mutual funds. Exchange-traded debt and equity securities held directly are valued using quoted market prices in actively traded markets. The commingled funds and institutional mutual funds which hold exchange-traded equity or debt securities are valued based on the underlying securities, using quoted prices in actively traded markets. Non-exchange-traded fixed income securities are valued based upon quotations available from brokers or pricing services. A primary price source is identified by asset type, class or issue for each security. The trustees monitor prices supplied by pricing services and may use a supplemental price source or change the primary price source of a given security if the trustees determine that another price source is considered to be preferable. DTE Energy has obtained an understanding of how these prices are derived, including the nature and observability of the inputs used in deriving such prices. Additionally, DTE Energy selectively corroborates the fair values of securities by comparison of market-based price sources.

Derivative Assets and Liabilities

Derivative assets and liabilities are comprised of physical and financial derivative contracts, including futures, forwards, options and swaps that are both exchange-traded and over-the-counter traded contracts. Various inputs are used to value derivatives depending on the type of contract and availability of market data. Exchange-traded derivative contracts are valued using quoted prices in active markets. DTE Energy considers the following criteria in determining whether a market is considered active: frequency in which pricing information is updated, variability in pricing between sources or over time and the availability of public information. Other derivative contracts are valued based upon a variety of inputs including commodity market prices, broker quotes, interest rates, credit ratings, default rates, market-based seasonality and basis differential factors. DTE Energy monitors the prices that are supplied by brokers and pricing services and may use a supplemental price source or change the primary price source of an index if prices become unavailable or another price source is determined to be more representative of fair value. DTE Energy has obtained an understanding of how these prices are derived. Additionally, DTE Energy selectively corroborates the fair value of its transactions by comparison of market-based price sources. Mathematical valuation models are used for derivatives for which external market data is not readily observable, such as contracts which extend beyond the actively traded reporting period. The Company has established a Risk Management Committee whose responsibilities include directly or indirectly ensuring all valuation methods are applied in accordance with predefined policies. The development and maintenance of our forward price curves has been assigned to our Risk Management Department which is separate and distinct from the trading functions within the Company.

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in millions):

 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting (a)
 
Net Balance
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Netting (a)
 
Net Balance
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents (c)
$

 
$
69

 
$

 
$

 
$
69

 
$

 
$
140

 
$

 
$

 
$
140

Nuclear decommissioning trusts
651

 
378

 

 

 
1,029

 
577

 
360

 

 

 
937

Other investments (b)(c)(d)
64

 
42

 

 

 
106

 
57

 
38

 

 

 
95

Derivative assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Foreign currency exchange contracts

 
1

 

 
(1
)
 

 

 
3

 

 
(3
)
 

Commodity Contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Natural Gas
845

 
94

 
20

 
(918
)
 
41

 
1,926

 
78

 
20

 
(1,991
)
 
33

Electricity

 
273

 
158

 
(295
)
 
136

 

 
523

 
224

 
(490
)
 
257

Other
41

 
5

 
7

 
(44
)
 
9

 
23

 
2

 
6

 
(25
)
 
6

Total derivative assets
886

 
373

 
185

 
(1,258
)
 
186

 
1,949

 
606

 
250

 
(2,509
)
 
296

Total
$
1,601

 
$
862

 
$
185

 
$
(1,258
)
 
$
1,390

 
$
2,583

 
$
1,144

 
$
250

 
$
(2,509
)
 
$
1,468

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency exchange contracts
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$

 
$
1

 
$
(1
)
 
$

 
$
(5
)
 
$

 
$
3

 
$
(2
)
Interest rate contracts

 
(1
)
 

 

 
(1
)
 

 
(1
)
 

 

 
(1
)
Commodity Contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
Natural Gas
(824
)
 
(87
)
 
(64
)
 
919

 
(56
)
 
(1,940
)
 
(126
)
 
(14
)
 
1,976

 
(104
)
Electricity

 
(285
)
 
(134
)
 
295

 
(124
)
 

 
(513
)
 
(192
)
 
565

 
(140
)
Other
(36
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
 
44

 
6

 
(19
)
 
(1
)
 

 
20

 

Total derivative liabilities
(860
)
 
(376
)
 
(199
)
 
1,259

 
(176
)
 
(1,959
)
 
(646
)
 
(206
)
 
2,564

 
(247
)
Total
$
(860
)
 
$
(376
)
 
$
(199
)
 
$
1,259

 
$
(176
)
 
$
(1,959
)
 
$
(646
)
 
$
(206
)
 
$
2,564

 
$
(247
)
Net Assets (Liabilities) at the end of the period
$
741

 
$
486

 
$
(14
)
 
$
1

 
$
1,214

 
$
624

 
$
498

 
$
44

 
$
55

 
$
1,221

Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
698

 
$
387

 
$
145

 
$
(1,038
)
 
$
192

 
$
1,571

 
$
660

 
$
181

 
$
(2,050
)
 
$
362

Noncurrent (e)
903

 
475

 
40

 
(220
)
 
1,198

 
1,012

 
484

 
69

 
(459
)
 
1,106

Total Assets
$
1,601

 
$
862

 
$
185

 
$
(1,258
)
 
$
1,390

 
$
2,583

 
$
1,144

 
$
250

 
$
(2,509
)
 
$
1,468

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current
$
(696
)
 
$
(324
)
 
$
(165
)
 
$
1,039

 
$
(146
)
 
$
(1,603
)
 
$
(527
)
 
$
(152
)
 
$
2,124

 
$
(158
)
Noncurrent
(164
)
 
(52
)
 
(34
)
 
220

 
(30
)
 
(356
)
 
(119
)
 
(54
)
 
440

 
(89
)
Total Liabilities
$
(860
)
 
$
(376
)
 
$
(199
)
 
$
1,259

 
$
(176
)
 
$
(1,959
)
 
$
(646
)
 
$
(206
)
 
$
2,564

 
$
(247
)
Net Assets (Liabilities) at the end of the period
$
741

 
$
486

 
$
(14
)
 
$
1

 
$
1,214

 
$
624

 
$
498

 
$
44

 
$
55

 
$
1,221

_____________________________
(a)
Amounts represent the impact of master netting agreements that allow the Company to net gain and loss positions and cash collateral held or placed with the same counterparties.
(b)
Excludes cash surrender value of life insurance investments.
(c)
At September 30, 2012, available-for-sale securities of $69 million, included $55 million and $14 million of cash equivalents included in Restricted cash and Other investments on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, respectively. At December 31, 2011, available-for-sale securities of $140 million, included $124 million and $16 million of cash equivalents included in Restricted cash and Other investments on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, respectively.
(d)
Available-for-sale equity securities at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 of $6 million and $5 million are included in Other investments on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, respectively.
(e)
Includes $106 million and $95 million of other investments that are included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position in Other investments at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.



The following tables present the fair value reconciliation of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 (in millions):

 
Three Months Ended
 
Three Months Ended
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
Natural Gas
 
Electricity
 
Other
 
Total
 
Natural Gas
 
Electricity
 
Other
 
Total
Net Assets at the beginning of the period
$
2

 
$
50

 
$
5

 
$
57

 
$
1

 
$
57

 
$
7

 
$
65

Transfers into Level 3

 

 

 

 
(1
)
 
(6
)
 

 
(7
)
Transfers out of Level 3

 

 

 

 

 
(42
)
 

 
(42
)
Total gains:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings
(43
)
 
12

 
1

 
(30
)
 
6

 
23

 

 
29

Recorded in regulatory assets/liabilities

 

 
7

 
7

 

 

 

 

Purchases, issuances and settlements:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Settlements
(3
)
 
(38
)
 
(7
)
 
(48
)
 
(1
)
 
(35
)
 

 
(36
)
Net Assets (Liabilities) at the end of the period
$
(44
)
 
$
24

 
$
6

 
$
(14
)
 
$
5

 
$
(3
)
 
$
7

 
$
9

The amount of total gains (losses) included in net income attributed to the change in unrealized gains (losses) related to assets and liabilities held at September 30, 2012 and 2011 and reflected in Operating revenues and Fuel, purchased power and gas in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
$
(43
)
 
$
5

 
$
1

 
$
(37
)
 
$
6

 
$
5

 
$

 
$
11


 
Nine Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
Natural Gas
 
Electricity
 
Other
 
Total
 
Natural Gas
 
Electricity
 
Other
 
Total
Net Assets at the beginning of the period
$
6

 
$
32

 
$
6

 
$
44

 
$
1

 
$
54

 
$
4

 
$
59

Transfers into Level 3
1

 
28

 

 
29

 

 
(4
)
 

 
(4
)
Transfers out of Level 3
(2
)
 

 

 
(2
)
 
1

 
(25
)
 

 
(24
)
Total gains:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Included in earnings
(38
)
 
53

 

 
15

 
3

 
34

 
2

 
39

Recorded in regulatory assets/liabilities

 

 
12

 
12

 

 

 
3

 
3

Purchases, issuances and settlements:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchases

 
1

 


1

 

 
1

 

 
1

Settlements
(11
)
 
(90
)
 
(12
)

(113
)
 

 
(63
)
 
(2
)
 
(65
)
Net Assets (Liabilities) at the end of the period
$
(44
)
 
$
24

 
$
6

 
$
(14
)
 
$
5

 
$
(3
)
 
$
7

 
$
9

The amount of total gains (losses) included in net income attributed to the change in unrealized gains (losses) related to assets and liabilities held at September 30, 2012 and 2011 and reflected in Operating revenues and Fuel, purchased power and gas in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
$
(39
)
 
$
43

 
$

 
$
4

 
$
5

 
$
17

 
$
2

 
$
24


Derivatives are transferred between levels primarily due to changes in the source data used to construct price curves as a result of changes in market liquidity. Transfers in and transfers out are reflected as if they had occurred at the beginning of the period. The following table shows transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy for the three and nine months ended September
30, 2012 and 2011 (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Three Months Ended
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Transfers into Level 1 from
N/A

 
$

 
$

 
N/A

 
$

 
$

Transfers into Level 2 from
$

 
N/A

 

 
$

 
N/A

 
42

Transfers into Level 3 from

 

 
N/A

 

 
(7
)
 
N/A

 
Nine Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2012
 
September 30, 2011
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Transfers into Level 1 from
N/A

 
$

 
$

 
N/A

 
$

 
$

Transfers into Level 2 from
$

 
N/A

 
2

 
$

 
N/A

 
24

Transfers into Level 3 from

 
29

 
N/A

 

 
(4
)
 
N/A



The following table presents the unobservable inputs related to Level 3 assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2012 (in millions):
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity Contracts
 
Derivative Assets
 
Derivative Liabilities
 
Valuation Techniques
 
Unobservable Input
 
Range
Natural Gas
 
$
20

 
$
(64
)
 
Discounted Cash Flow
 
Forward basis price (per MMBtu)
 
$
(0.63
)
$
1.90
/MMBtu
Electricity
 
158

 
(134
)
 
Discounted Cash Flow
 
Forward market price (per Mwh)
 
21

32
/Mwh
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward basis price (per Mwh)
 
(1
)
15
/Mwh


The unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the electricity and natural gas commodity types consists of inputs that are less observable due in part to lack of available broker quotes, supported by little, if any, market activity at the measurement date or are based on internally developed models. Certain forward market and/or basis prices (i.e., the difference in pricing between two locations) that were included in the valuation of natural gas and electricity contracts were deemed unobservable.

The inputs listed above would have a direct impact on the fair values of the above security types if they were adjusted. A significant increase (decrease) in the forward market or basis price would result in a higher (lower) fair value for long positions, with offsetting impacts to short positions.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of financial instruments included in the table below is determined by using quoted market prices when available. When quoted prices are not available, pricing services may be used to determine the fair value with reference to observable interest rate indexes. DTE Energy has obtained an understanding of how the fair values are derived. DTE Energy also selectively corroborates the fair value of its transactions by comparison of market-based price sources. Discounted cash flow analyses based upon estimated current borrowing rates are also used to determine fair value when quoted market prices are not available. The fair values of notes receivable, excluding capital leases, are estimated using discounted cash flow techniques that incorporate market interest rates as well assumptions about the remaining life of the loans and credit risk. Depending on the information available, other valuation techniques may be used that rely on internal assumptions and models. Valuation policies and procedures are determined by DTE Energy's Treasury Department which reports to the Company's Vice President and Treasurer.
The following table presents the carrying amount and fair value of financial instruments as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (in millions):
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
Carrying
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying
 
Fair
 
Amount
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Amount
 
Value
Notes receivable, excluding capital leases
$
42

 
$

 
$

 
$
42

 
$
48

 
$
48

Dividends payable
107

 
107

 

 

 
99

 
99

Short-term borrowings
98

 

 
98

 

 
419

 
419

Long-term debt
7,735

 
314

 
7,998

 
612

 
7,682

 
8,757



See Note 4 for further fair value information on financial and derivative instruments.

Nuclear Decommissioning Trust Funds

Detroit Edison has a legal obligation to decommission its nuclear power plants following the expiration of their operating licenses. This obligation is reflected as an asset retirement obligation on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Rates approved by the MPSC provide for the recovery of decommissioning costs of Fermi 2 and the disposal of low-level radioactive waste. Detroit Edison is continuing to fund FERC jurisdictional amounts for decommissioning even though explicit provisions are not included in FERC rates. See Note 5.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the nuclear decommissioning trust fund assets (in millions):
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Fermi 2
$
1,003

 
$
915

Fermi 1
3

 
3

Low level radioactive waste
23

 
19

Total
$
1,029

 
$
937



The costs of securities sold are determined on the basis of specific identification. The following table sets forth the gains and losses and proceeds from the sale of securities by the nuclear decommissioning trust funds (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30
 
September 30
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Realized gains
$
7

 
$
8

 
$
21

 
$
34

Realized losses
(6
)
 
(9
)
 
(17
)
 
(26
)
Proceeds from sales of securities
12

 
10

 
48

 
69



Realized gains and losses from the sale of securities for the Fermi 2 and the low level radioactive waste funds are recorded to the Regulatory asset and Nuclear decommissioning liability. The following table sets forth the fair value and unrealized gains for the nuclear decommissioning trust funds (in millions):
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Gains
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized Gains
Equity securities
$
615

 
$
124

 
$
533

 
$
80

Debt securities
405

 
29

 
385

 
22

Cash and cash equivalents
9

 

 
19

 

 
$
1,029

 
$
153

 
$
937

 
$
102



The debt securities at both September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 had an average maturity of approximately 6 and 7 years, respectively. Securities held in the nuclear decommissioning trust funds are classified as available-for-sale. As Detroit Edison does not have the ability to hold impaired investments for a period of time sufficient to allow for the anticipated recovery of market value, all unrealized losses are considered to be other than temporary impairments.

Unrealized losses incurred by the Fermi 2 trust are recognized as a Regulatory asset. Detroit Edison recognized $56 million and $67 million of unrealized losses as Regulatory assets at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Since the decommissioning of Fermi 1 is funded by Detroit Edison rather than through a regulatory recovery mechanism, there is no corresponding regulatory asset treatment. Therefore, unrealized losses incurred by the Fermi 1 trust are recognized in earnings immediately. There were no unrealized losses recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011 for Fermi 1 trust assets.

Other Available-For-Sale Securities

At September 30, 2012 and 2011, available-for-sale securities are comprised primarily of money-market and equity securities. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and September 30, 2011, no amounts of unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities were reclassified out of other comprehensive income into losses for the periods. Gains (losses) related to trading securities held at September 30, 2012 and 2011 were $9 million and $(3) million, respectively.