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PENSION PLANS
12 Months Ended
Jan. 01, 2012
PENSION PLANS
NOTE 15 – PENSION PLANS
 
We have a qualified defined benefit plan covering certain of our U.S. employees that is no longer available to new participants.  We consider the funded status of the plan, required plan contributions, income tax deductibility, and cash flow in our funding decisions.
 
The benefit amount for certain participants (primarily those hired after December 31, 1999) is frozen and these participants no longer earn any additional benefit credits; however, their lump sum earns 4% interest annually until termination of employment with the Company.  We also modified the qualified defined benefit plan and the non-qualified supplementary benefit plan discussed below for participants that were still accruing benefits under the plans.  As a result, these participants also ceased accruing pension benefits and final pension benefit amounts will be based on pay and service through June, 2008.
 
Our non-qualified benefit plan provides supplemental pension payments in excess of qualified plan payments including payments in excess of limits imposed by federal tax law.  The plan covers certain officers and key employees.  The plan is no longer available to new participants and benefits have been frozen.  Our funding policy is to contribute amounts to the plan equal to the benefit payments required for each year.
 
We have an additional supplemental non-qualified retirement plan for executive officers which provides retirement benefits based on years of credited service as an executive officer in excess of five years.  The plan is no longer available to new participants and benefits have been frozen.  We also have separate supplemental retirement agreements that provide retirement benefits to two former officers.  Our funding policy is to contribute amounts to these plans equal to the benefit payments required for each year.
 
The following tables set forth the reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and the funded status for all of our pension plans:
 
Change in Benefit Obligation
 
2011
   
2010
 
             
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
  $ 452,205     $ 438,358  
Interest cost
    21,829       24,398  
Settlement loss (gain)
    290       (655 )
Actuarial loss
    52,891       16,874  
Benefits paid
    (32,272 )     (26,770 )
Benefit obligation at end of year
  $ 494,943     $ 452,205  
 
Change in Plan Assets
           
             
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
  $ 264,887     $ 234,198  
Actual return on plan assets
    (4,178 )     31,573  
Employer contributions
    28,152       26,819  
Settlements
    (1,257 )     (933 )
Benefits paid
    (31,015 )     (26,770 )
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
  $ 256,589     $ 264,887  
Funded status at end of year
  $ (238,354 )   $ (187,318 )
 
The actuarial loss in 2011 is primarily due to a decrease in the discount rate from 5.0% to 4.25%.
 
Amounts Recognized in Balance Sheet
 
2011
   
2010
 
             
Accrued pension liability - current
  $ (2,148 )   $ (2,144 )
Accrued pension liability - long-term
    (236,206 )     (185,174 )
Total
  $ (238,354 )   $ (187,318 )
                 
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses Before Tax
         
Net actuarial loss
  $ 311,965     $ 255,976  
 
The amount of net actuarial loss that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive losses into net periodic benefit cost during 2012 is $23,176.
 
The projected benefit obligation equaled the accumulated benefit obligation of all our pension plans at the end of 2011 and 2010.  All of our pension plans have benefit obligations in excess of plan assets.
 
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost and Other
                 
Amounts Recognized in Other Comprehensive Losses
                 
                   
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
                   
Service cost of benefits earned
  $ -     $ -     $ 126  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
    21,829       24,398       25,777  
Expected return on plan assets
    (23,431 )     (25,853 )     (25,568 )
Amortization of prior service cost
    -       593       593  
Settlement loss
    520       370       20,412  
Amortization of net actuarial loss from prior years
    24,281       18,672       14,598  
Total net periodic pension cost
  $ 23,199     $ 18,180     $ 35,938  
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations
Recognized in Other Comprehensive Losses Before Tax
 
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
                   
Net actuarial loss
  $ 80,500     $ 11,153     $ (15,897 )
Net actuarial loss recognized
    (24,511 )     (18,764 )     (26,893 )
Prior service credit recognized
    -       (593 )     (592 )
Total recognized in other comprehensive losses
    55,989       (8,204 )     (43,382 )
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost
                       
and other comprehensive losses
  $ 79,188     $ 9,976     $ (7,444 )
 
Weighted-average Assumptions
 
Projected benefit obligation
 
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
Discount rate
    4.25 %     5.00 %     5.80 %  
                           
Net periodic benefit cost                           
Discount rate     5.00 %     5.80     5.75/7.0 % (1)
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets      8.00 %     8.75 %     8.75 %  
 
(1) The discount rate was 5.75% through March 1, 2009 and 7.0% April through December 2009 due to settlements that occurred on March 1, 2009.  As a result, pension expense was adjusted to reflect the updated discount rate at that time.
 
Asset allocation studies form the basis for the development of the overall long-term rate of return assumptions and are based on the long-term historical returns of each asset class in which we invest our pension assets.  The expected long-term rate of return assumptions reflect the expected return forecast of each major asset class, the allocation weighting of each asset class included in the target mix, and the correlations among the asset classes and their volatilities.  The long-term expected return forecasts reflect the current yield on U.S. government bonds and risk premiums for each asset class. Differences between actual and expected returns are recognized in the net periodic pension calculation over five years using a five-year market-related asset value method of amortization.
 
Discount rates are established based on prevailing market rates for high-quality, fixed-income instruments with maturities equal to the future cash flows to pay the benefit obligation when due.  Our pension plan assets have historically been invested predominantly in equity investments, which have typically realized annual returns at or above the expected long-term rate of return.
 
The benefits expected to be paid in each of the next five fiscal years, and in the aggregate for the five fiscal years thereafter are as follows:
 
2012
  $ 39,218  
2013
    33,749  
2014
    33,750  
2015
    35,927  
2016
    35,260  
2017-2021
    187,070  
 
Plan Assets
 
Our long-term investment policy objectives with respect to the qualified defined benefit plan assets have been to achieve funding of the plan at a level consistent with the Plan’s accumulated benefit obligation.  We have two basic long-term investment objectives.  First, to achieve an annualized return over a complete business cycle which exceeds that of a customized index weighted to our target allocation.  Second, for the annual internal rate of return to meet or exceed our targeted rate of 8%, recognizing that market performance varies and the target rate may not be meaningful during some periods.  The target asset allocation percentages for equity investments range from a minimum of 42% to a maximum total equity position of 78% with the target being 60%.  Total fixed income percentages range from a minimum of 17.5% to a maximum of 32.5% with a target percentage of 25%.  Equity real estate / infrastructure percentages range from a minimum of 10.5% to a maximum of 19.5% with a target of 15%. 
 
It is our policy to diversify the investment of the plan’s assets to reduce the risk of large losses.  Progress toward achieving performance objectives is reviewed quarterly by management with particular attention directed to reviewing performance relative to the risks. Each investment vehicle is expected to perform in the top 75% of its peer group over the most recent 12-month period and the top 50% of its peer group over five-to ten-year periods and the majority of the rolling three-year periods.   Performance of the pension funds, individual investment managers, actuarial assumptions, and other attributes of the pension plan are reviewed at least annually with the Company’s Board of Directors. 
 
The Pension Protection Act of 2006 became effective in 2008 and increases the minimum funding requirements for our qualified pension plan.  We expect to contribute $27,000 to $30,000 in 2012.  The fair values of our qualified defined benefit pension plan assets by asset category at January 1, 2012, and January 2, 2011, are shown in the table below.
 
   
January 1, 2012
   
January 2, 2011
 
Asset Category
 
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
                                                 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 178     $ 178     $ -     $ -     $ 1,221     $ 1,221     $ -     $ -  
Equity securities
                                                               
Commingled equity funds
    107,303       76,150       4,677       26,476       50,647       -       50,647       -  
Media and technology
    9,628       9,628       -       -       31,520       31,520       -       -  
Consumer products and services
    10,336       10,336       -       -       22,194       22,194       -       -  
Business products and services
    7,526       7,526       -       -       18,169       18,169       -       -  
Healthcare
    5,856       5,856       -       -       14,112       14,112       -       -  
Energy and utilities
    6,644       6,644       -       -       19,974       19,974       -       -  
Banking and financial services
    3,851       3,851       -       -       16,848       16,848       -       -  
Other
    9,608       9,608       -       -       17,879       17,879       -       -  
Fixed income securities
                                                               
Commingled fixed income funds
    34,103       12,403       -       21,700       25,047       -       -       25,047  
Mortgage-back securitites
    -       -       -       -       9,907       -       9,907       -  
Corporate bonds
    176       -       176       -       6,250       -       6,250       -  
Municipal bonds
    18       -       18       -       1,772       -       1,772       -  
U.S. Treasury securities
    -       -       -       -       2,375       2,375       -       -  
Private placements
    361       -       361       -       975       -       975       -  
Other
    135       -       135       -       2,632       -       2,632       -  
Private equity funds
    9,323       -       -       9,323       8,983       -       -       8,983  
Hedge funds
    34,865       -       -       34,865       -       -       -       -  
Real estate
    16,678       -       -       16,678       14,382       -       -       14,382  
Total
  $ 256,589     $ 142,180     $ 5,367     $ 109,042     $ 264,887     $ 144,292     $ 72,183     $ 48,412  
 
The classification of fair value measurements within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement.  Inputs and valuation methodologies used for material categories of pension plan assets are as follows:
 
Equity securities and Fixed Income U.S. Treasury Securities
 
Common stock and U.S. Treasury notes and treasury inflation indexed securities (TIPS) are traded in open markets where quoted prices are determinable and available.  The investments are valued by independent pricing vendors using a market approach based on prices obtained from the primary exchange on which they are traded.  In the absence of a primary market, a secondary market price is used.
 
Corporate Bonds, Municipal Bonds and Mortgage-backed securities
 
Individual fixed income securities are valued using a market approach based on observable market inputs.   Inputs used to value corporate and municipal bonds include dealer quotes, trading levels, bid prices and spreads, and benchmark curves.  Mortgage backed securities are valued based on the present value of expected future cash flows.  Directly observable market inputs include interest rates and yield curves at commonly-quoted intervals, volatilities, prepayment speeds, default rates, and credit spreads.
 
Commingled equity and fixed income funds
 
Commingled funds are valued at the fair value of the ownership interests in the funds.  The Net Asset Value (NAV) is the primary input into the valuation.  The NAV per unit is based on the fair value of the underlying assets owned by the fund, minus its liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding.  The fair value of equity securities held by the funds is generally based on observable prices or inputs based on quotes in active markets.  Fixed income securities held by the funds may be valued based on an “evaluated bid” valuation method.  Inputs to the valuation include interest rates on coupons, maturities, ratings, and cash flow projections.  Additionally, bid-side quotations from independent pricing services or broker-dealers may also be used to determine the fair value of fixed income securities.
 
Private Equity, Hedge Funds and Real Estate
 
Our private equity, hedge funds and real estate funds are valued on a NAV per unit based on the underlying investments of the funds.  Our private equity funds typically include direct investments in infrastructure assets, partnership interests, or other interests in infrastructure-related assets.  The primary valuation methodology for the underlying assets is a discounted cash flow analysis based on unobservable inputs.  Key inputs include estimates of operating income and discount rates.  Additionally, discounted cash flow valuations are validated using appropriate transaction and trading multiples, where available.
 
Our hedge funds typically hold investments in secured and unsecured debt instruments issued by European corporations and business entities, as well as foreign currency derivatives.  The debt instruments are primarily valued through market quotations, or by reference to comparable investments for which market quotes are available.  Key inputs of the foreign currency derivatives include interest rates, currency rates, time value, default rates, and potentially unobservable inputs.
 
Underlying assets of our real estate funds primarily consist of investment properties valued by independent appraisals as there are no observable markets for these investments.  Key inputs include revenue and expense growth rates, terminal capitalization rates, and discount rates.
 
The following table summarizes the changes in plan assets measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs. Realized and unrealized gains and losses in plan assets are reported in other comprehensive income.
 
   
Commingled
Equity and
Fixed Income
Funds
   
Private
Equity
Funds
   
Hedge
Funds
   
Real Estate
   
Total
 
                               
Beginning balance at January 2, 2011
  $ 25,047     $ 8,983     $ -     $ 14,382     $ 48,412  
                                         
Actual return on plan assets
                                       
Assets still held at January 1, 2012
    1,382       (61 )     (236 )     2,296       3,381  
Assets sold during the period
    1,712       1       -       -       1,713  
Purchases, sales, and settlements
    20,035       400       35,101       -       55,536  
Transfers in and/or out of level 3
    -       -       -       -       -  
Ending balance at January 1, 2012
  $ 48,176     $ 9,323     $ 34,865     $ 16,678     $ 109,042  
 
There were no significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the year ended January 1, 2012.
 
Defined Contribution Plans
 
We sponsor a 401(k) savings plan in which substantially all of the employees are eligible to participate.  Late in 2009, we reduced the Company match for all employees from 75% to 50%.  Expense recorded for employer matching contributions under this plan totaled $3,615, $3,307, and $5,611 in 2011, 2010, and 2009.
 
We also have a supplemental executive retirement plan for officers designed to supplement benefits available under our 401(k) savings plan.  Participant accounts are credited annually with 15% of their annual compensation, which includes base salary and annual cash incentive awards, and with an investment return which currently is 6%.  Expense recorded for this plan totaled $423, $281, and $213 in 2011, 2010, and 2009.