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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

10. Income Taxes

The Company recorded an income tax provision of $5.1 million and $5.6 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020. The tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the provision on earnings from operations during the period. The tax provision for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 was primarily driven by the provision on earnings from operations during the period, which was offset by a $6.1 million discrete stock compensation windfall benefit for tax deductions that exceeded the associated compensation expense in prior quarters and a discrete benefit of $0.5 million from a reduction of deferred tax liabilities related to the extension of a tax rate incentive in China.

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $7.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2019. The tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was primarily driven by a $4.3 million discrete expense resulting from a change to the U.S. tax regulations issued during the quarter related to the transition tax and the provision on current earnings. This expense was partially offset by a discrete benefit for stock compensation windfalls of $0.4 million for tax deductions that exceeded the associated compensation expense, and a $0.3 million reversal of an unrecognized tax benefit upon the closing of an audit. The tax expense for the nine months ended June 30, 2019 was primarily driven by a $3.2 million expense upon completion of the accounting for the U.S. transition tax and the provision on current earnings. These items were partially offset by discrete benefits related to stock compensation windfalls of $4.5 million for tax deductions that exceeded the associated compensation expense and $1.4 million of tax benefits related to the remeasurement of net U.S. deferred tax assets due to state tax rate changes.

During 2018, the Internal Revenue Service issued proposed regulations on the federal toll charge and various other aspects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Company finalized its analysis of the toll charge and related liabilities, including uncertain tax positions, during the three months ended December 31, 2018 pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118. As a result of the new guidance issued and additional work to complete the calculation of the federal toll charge, the Company reduced the provisional accrual for federal, state and foreign taxes by net $1.1 million during the three months ended December 31, 2018.

During March 2020, the United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) which contains numerous income tax provisions among other tax and non-tax provisions. Some of these income tax provisions have retroactive effects on years before the date of enactment. The Company evaluated the CARES Act legislation in relation to income taxes and determined that the CARES Act income tax provisions do not have a material impact on its income tax provision.

The Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets by tax-paying component and assesses the need for a valuation allowance on a quarterly basis. The Company evaluates the profitability of each tax-paying component on a historic cumulative basis and a forward-looking basis while performing this analysis. The Company maintains a U.S. valuation allowance related to the realizability of certain foreign tax credits, state tax credits and state net operating loss carry-forwards, as well as a valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets on certain foreign tax-paying components as of June 30, 2020.

The Company maintains liabilities for uncertain tax positions. These liabilities involve judgment and estimation and are monitored based on the best information available. The Company recognizes interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the income tax expense or benefit. The Company recognized interest expense related to its uncertain tax positions of $0.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020.

The Company is subject to U.S. federal, state, local and international income taxes in various jurisdictions. The amount of income taxes paid is subject to the Company’s interpretation of applicable tax laws in the jurisdictions in which it files tax returns. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to income tax audits in the various global jurisdictions in which it operates. The years subject to examination vary for the U.S. and international jurisdictions, with the earliest tax year being 2011. Based on the outcome of these examinations or the expiration of statutes of limitations for specific jurisdictions, it is reasonably possible that the related unrecognized tax benefits could change from those recorded in the Company’s unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company currently anticipates that it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits will be reduced by approximately $1.9 million within the next twelve months.