Variable Interest Entities (EME only)

Description of Use of VIEs

EME and its subsidiaries and affiliates have used VIEs as part of joint development agreements and constructing or acquiring full or partial interests in power generation facilities and ancillary facilities, referred to by EME as a project. EME's subsidiaries and affiliates have financed the development and construction or acquisition of its projects by capital contributions from EME and the incurrence of debt or lease obligations by its subsidiaries and affiliates owning the operating facilities. These project level debt or lease obligations are generally secured by project specific assets and structured as nonrecourse to EME, with several exceptions, including EME's guarantee provided as part of the Powerton and Joliet Sale Leaseback.

Categories of VIEs

Projects or Entities that are Consolidated

At December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, EME consolidated 16 and 15 projects, respectively, that have noncontrolling interests held by others. These projects have a total generating capacity of 958 megawatts (MW) and 878 MW, respectively. The increase in the number of consolidated projects was due to the sale of an indirect equity interest in the Broken Bow I wind project, discussed below under Capistrano Wind Equity Capital. In determining that EME was the primary beneficiary of the projects that are consolidated, key factors considered were EME's ability to direct commercial and operating activities and EME's obligation to absorb losses of the variable interest entities.

EME's summarized financial information for consolidated projects consisted of the following:



(in millions)	December 31, 2013		December 31, 2012
Current assets	$	70	$	74
Net property, plant and equipment	1,187		1,117
Other long-term assets	112		90
Total assets	$	1,369	$	1,281
Current liabilities	$	43	$	50
Long-term debt net of current portion	214		186
Deferred revenues	152		156
Long-term derivative liabilities	12		23
Other long-term liabilities	47		40
Total liabilities	$	468	$	455
Noncontrolling interests	$	382	$	288

Assets serving as collateral for the debt obligations had a carrying value of $609 million and $497 million at December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, and primarily consist of property, plant and equipment. The debt obligations are nonrecourse to EME. The consolidated statements of operations and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 includes $10 million and $29 million of pre-tax losses, respectively, and $59 million and $75 million of operating cash flows, respectively, related to VIEs that are consolidated.

Capistrano Wind Equity Capital

In February 2012, Edison Mission Wind Inc. (Edison Mission Wind) sold its indirect equity interests in the Cedro Hill wind project (150 MW in Texas), the Mountain Wind Power I wind project (61 MW in Wyoming) and the Mountain Wind Power II wind project (80 MW in Wyoming) to a new venture, Capistrano Wind Partners. Outside investors provided $238 million of the funding and Mission Energy Holding Company (MEHC) made a $4 million preferred investment. In December 2012, Edison Mission Wind sold its indirect equity interest in the Crofton Bluffs wind project (40 MW in Nebraska) to Capistrano Wind Partners for $58 million. Outside investors provided $46 million of the funding. In January 2013, Edison Mission Wind sold its indirect equity interest in the Broken Bow I wind project (80 MW in Nebraska) to Capistrano Wind Partners for $112 million. Outside investors provided $94 million of the funding.

Through their ownership of Capistrano Wind Holdings, an indirect subsidiary of EME, Edison Mission Wind, and EME's parent company, MEHC, own 100% of the Class A equity interests in Capistrano Wind Partners, and the Class B preferred equity interests are held by outside investors. In the event that Edison Mission Wind is no longer included in the consolidated income tax returns of EIX, MEHC's equity interest converts to common stock such that Capistrano Wind Holdings would remain included in the EIX consolidated tax group. The closing of the NRG Sale would trigger the provisions to increase MEHC's holding of Capistrano Wind Holdings' common stock. For additional information, see Note 7—Income Taxes and Note 16—Restructuring Activities—NRG Sale.

Under the terms of the Capistrano Wind Holdings formation documents, preferred equity interests receive 100% of the cash available for distribution, up to a scheduled amount to target a certain return and thereafter cash distributions are shared. Cash available for distribution includes 90% of the tax benefits realized by MEHC and contributed to Capistrano Wind Partners.

Edison Mission Wind retains indirect beneficial ownership of the common equity in the projects, net of MEHC's preferred investment, and retains responsibilities for managing the operations of Capistrano Wind Partners and its projects. Accordingly, EME consolidates these projects. The $378 million contributed by the third-party interests and the $4 million preferred investment made by MEHC are reflected in noncontrolling interests on EME's consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2013. The transactions between Edison Mission Wind and Capistrano Wind Partners were accounted for as a transfer among entities under common control and, therefore, resulted in no change in the book basis of the transferred assets. However, the transaction did trigger a taxable gain and new tax basis in the assets with a corresponding adjustment to deferred taxes and a reduction to equity of $21 million.

Projects that are not Consolidated

EME accounts for the majority of its investments in domestic gas and wind energy projects in which it has less than a 100% ownership interest, and does not have both the right to direct the commercial and operating activities and the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the VIEs, under the equity method. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, EME had significant variable interests in 5 natural gas projects that are not consolidated, consisting of the Big 4 Projects (Kern River, Midway-Sunset, Sycamore and Watson) and Sunrise. A subsidiary of EME operates 3 of the Big 4 Projects and Sunrise and EME's partner provides the fuel management services for the Big 4 Projects. In addition, the executive director of these gas projects is provided by EME's partner. Commercial and operating activities of these gas projects are jointly controlled by a management committee of each VIE. Accordingly, EME accounts for its variable interests in these projects under the equity method. The Kern River and Sycamore projects are subject to ongoing litigation in the Chapter 11 Cases. For additional information see Note 9—Commitments and Contingencies—Chevron Adversary Proceedings.

The following table presents the carrying amount of EME's investments in unconsolidated VIEs and the maximum exposure to loss for each investment:



	December 31, 2013
(in millions)	Investment		Maximum Exposure
Natural gas-fired projects	$	325	$	325
Wind projects	188		188

EME's exposure to loss in its VIEs accounted for under the equity method is generally limited to its investment in these entities. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, outstanding debt for projects that are not consolidated consisted of long-term debt that was secured by a pledge of project entity assets, but does not provide for recourse to EME. At December 31, 2013, such outstanding indebtedness was $25 million, of which $6 million was proportionate to EME's ownership in the project. At December 31, 2012, such outstanding indebtedness was $32 million, of which $8 million was proportionate to EME's ownership interest in the projects.

The following table presents summarized financial information of the investments in unconsolidated affiliates accounted for by the equity method:



	Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2013		2012		2011
Revenues	$	754	$	607	$	769
Expenses	656		519		601
Net income	$	98	$	88	$	168



	December 31,
(in millions)	2013		2012
Current assets	$	411	$	337
Noncurrent assets	657		711
Total assets	$	1,068	$	1,048
Current liabilities	$	120	$	78
Noncurrent liabilities	72		82
Equity	876		888
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,068	$	1,048

The difference between the carrying value of these equity investments and the underlying equity in the net assets was $9 million at December 31, 2013. The difference is being amortized over the life of the projects. The majority of noncurrent liabilities are composed of project financing arrangements that are nonrecourse to EME. The undistributed earnings of equity method investments were $18 million and $19 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The following table presents, as of December 31, 2013, the investments in unconsolidated affiliates accounted for by the equity method that represent at least 5% of EME's loss before tax, excluding asset impairment charges, or in which EME has an investment balance greater than $40 million:



Unconsolidated Affiliates	Location	Investment at December 31, 2013 (in millions)		Ownership Interest at December 31, 2013	Operating Status
San Juan Mesa	Elida, NM	$	74	75%	Operating wind-powered facility
Elkhorn Ridge	Bloomfield, NE	81		67%	Operating wind-powered facility
Sunrise	Fellows, CA	174		50%	Operating gas-fired facility
Sycamore	Bakersfield, CA	48		50%	Operating cogeneration facility
Watson	Carson, CA	34		49%	Operating cogeneration facility

The following table presents summarized financial information of EME's investments in unconsolidated affiliates:



	December 31,
(in millions)	2013		2012
Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates
Equity investments	$	513	$	527
Cost investments	—		7
Total	$	513	$	534

At December 31, 2012, EME had a 38% ownership interest in Covanta Huntington L.P., a small biomass project, that it accounted for under the cost method of accounting as it did not have a significant influence over the project's operating and financial activities. In January 2013, EME received $7.5 million for the sale of all of its indirect interest in the project.

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, EME accounted for its 80% interest in Doga Enerji (Doga) on the cost method as accumulated distributions exceeded accumulated earnings. EME has not estimated the fair value of cost method investments as quoted market prices are not available and the determination of fair value is highly subjective and cannot be readily ascertained.