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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
At March 31, 2012, Edison Mission Energy (EME), and its subsidiaries without contractual dividend restrictions, had corporate cash and cash equivalents of $927 million and Midwest Generation, LLC (Midwest Generation) had cash and cash equivalents of $230 million and $500 million of available borrowing capacity under its credit facility maturing in June 2012. EME terminated its revolving credit facility in February 2012, and there can be no assurance that Midwest Generation will be eligible to draw on its credit facility prior to maturity. Any replacements of these credit lines will likely be on less favorable terms and conditions, and there is no assurance that EME will, or will be able to, replace these credit lines or any portion of them. In conjunction with the termination of its credit facility, EME entered into replacement letter of credit facilities secured by cash collateral. For additional information, see Note 5—Debt and Credit Agreements—2012 Letter of Credit Facilities. EME had $3.7 billion of unsecured notes outstanding at March 31, 2012, $500 million of which mature in 2013. Unless energy and capacity prices increase substantially, EME expects that it will experience further reductions in cash flow and losses in 2012 and subsequent years. EME's liquidity will be strained by a continuation of recent adverse trends, combined with pending debt maturities, higher operating costs and the need to retrofit its coal-fired plants to comply with governmental regulations. To address such a scenario, EME would need to consider all options available to it, including potential sales of assets or restructurings or reorganization of the capital structure of EME and its subsidiaries.
EME Homer City Generation L.P. (Homer City) has been engaged in discussions with the owner-lessors regarding the orderly transfer of the Homer City plant to the owner-lessors, which will result in EME's loss of substantially all beneficial economic interest in and material control of the Homer City plant. Failure to reach an agreement for the orderly transfer of the Homer City plant could result in Homer City's default under the lease agreements giving rise to remedies for the owner-lessors and secured lease obligation bondholders, which could include foreclosing on the leased assets, the general partner of Homer City, or both. For additional information, see Note 9—Commitments and Contingencies—Homer City Lease and Environmental Project.
Basis of Presentation
EME's significant accounting policies were described in "Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" on page 68 of EME's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. EME follows the same accounting policies for interim reporting purposes, with the exception of accounting principles adopted as of January 1, 2012, as discussed below in "—New Accounting Guidance." This quarterly report should be read in conjunction with such financial statements and notes.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of recurring accruals, have been made that are necessary to fairly state the consolidated financial position and results of operations and cash flows in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for the periods covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. Except as indicated, amounts reflected in the notes to the consolidated financial statements relate to continuing operations of EME.
The December 31, 2011 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.
The consolidated statement of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was revised to correct an error in the presentation of vendor financed property, plant and equipment in the amount of $6 million. This correction, to present the amount on a net rather than gross basis, decreased cash flows used in investing activities and cash flows provided by financing activities by this amount, but had no impact on the net change in cash and cash equivalents. Management believes the revision does not have a material impact on the prior year financial statements.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents included money market funds totaling $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The carrying value of cash equivalents equals the fair value as all investments have maturities of less than three months.
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents
Restricted cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 included $97 million received from a wind financing that was held in escrow at those dates and is expected to be released in the second quarter of 2012 when the project achieves certain completion milestones. At March 31, 2012, restricted cash and cash equivalents also included $74 million to support outstanding letters of credit issued under EME's letter of credit facilities.
Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of weighted-average cost or market. Inventory is recorded at actual cost when purchased and then expensed at weighted-average cost as used. Inventory consisted of the following:
(in millions)
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
Coal, fuel oil and other raw materials
$
152

 
$
188

Spare parts, materials and supplies
88

 
86

Total inventory
$
240

 
$
274

Allocation of Net Income or Losses to Investors in Certain Variable Interest Entities
For consolidated investments that allocate taxable income and losses, tax credits and cash distributions under complex allocation provisions of agreements with third-party investors, net income or loss is allocated to third-party investors for accounting purposes using the Hypothetical Liquidation Book Value (HLBV) method. HLBV is a balance sheet oriented approach that calculates the change in the claims of each partner on the net assets of the investment at the beginning and end of each period. Each partner's claim is equal to the amount each party would receive or pay if the net assets of the investment were to liquidate at book value and the resulting cash was then distributed to investors in accordance with their respective liquidation preferences. EME reports the net income or loss attributable to the third-party investors as income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests in the consolidated statements of operations. For further information, see Note 3—Variable Interest Entities—Projects or Entities that are Consolidated—Capistrano Wind Equity Capital.
New Accounting Guidance
Accounting Guidance Adopted in 2012
Fair Value Measurement
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an accounting standards update modifying the fair value measurement and disclosure guidance. This guidance prohibits grouping of financial instruments for purposes of fair value measurement and requires the value be based on the individual security. This amendment also results in new disclosures primarily related to Level 3 measurements including quantitative disclosure about unobservable inputs and assumptions, a description of the valuation processes and a narrative description of the sensitivity of the fair value to changes in unobservable inputs. EME adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2012. For further information, see Note 4—Fair Value Measurements.
Presentation of Comprehensive Income
In June 2011 and December 2011, the FASB issued accounting standards updates on the presentation of comprehensive income. An entity can elect to present items of net income and other comprehensive income in one continuous statement, referred to as the statement of comprehensive income, or in two separate but consecutive statements. EME adopted this guidance January 1, 2012. The adoption of these accounting standards updates did not change the items that constitute net income and other comprehensive income.
Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
In December 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standards update modifying the disclosure requirements about the nature of an entity's rights of offsetting assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position under master netting agreements and related arrangements associated with financial and derivative instruments. The guidance requires increased disclosure of the gross and net recognized assets and liabilities, collateral positions and narrative descriptions of setoff rights. EME will adopt this guidance effective January 1, 2013.