Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of PresentationThe accompanying unaudited financial statements reflect all adjustments, in the opinion of management, necessary for fair statement of the financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented. All such adjustments are normal and recurring in nature. The financial statements, including selected notes, have been prepared in accordance with applicable rules and regulations of the SEC regarding interim financial reporting and do not include all information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for comprehensive financial statement reporting. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report.

Consolidation

All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company does not have investments in any unconsolidated subsidiaries.

Cash Equivalents

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Restricted Cash

Restricted CashThe Company’s restricted cash is $40 thousand and $1.8 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company’s restricted cash as of March 31, 2022 consists of cash that the Company is contractually obligated to maintain in accordance with the terms of its credit card program with a financial institution.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable arise from product sales and services and are stated at estimated net realizable value. This value incorporates an allowance for doubtful accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on accounts receivable balances. The Company regularly evaluates its accounts receivable to estimate amounts that will not be collected and records the appropriate provision for doubtful accounts as a charge to operating expenses. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a combination of the age of the receivables, individual customer circumstances, credit conditions, and historical write-offs and collections. The Company writes off specific accounts receivable when they are determined to be uncollectible. The recovery of accounts receivable previously written off is recorded as a reduction to the provision for doubtful accounts charged to operating expense.

The majority of the Company’s customers are engaged in the energy industry. The cyclical nature of the energy industry may affect customers’ operating performance and cash flows, which directly impact the Company’s ability to collect on outstanding obligations. Additionally, certain customers are located in international areas that are inherently subject to risks of economic, political, and civil instability, which can impact the collectability of receivables.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost determined using the weighted-average cost method, or net realizable value. Finished goods inventories include raw materials, direct labor and production overhead. The Company periodically reviews inventories on hand and current market conditions to determine if the cost of raw materials and finished goods inventories exceed current market prices and impairs the cost basis of the inventory accordingly. Obsolete inventory or inventory in excess of management’s estimated usage requirement is written down to its net realizable value if those amounts are determined to be less than cost. Write-downs or write-offs of inventory are charged to cost of goods sold.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. The cost of ordinary maintenance and repair is charged to operating expense, while replacement of critical components and major improvements are capitalized. Depreciation or amortization of property and equipment, including right-of-use assets (“ROU”), is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life as follows:

Buildings and leasehold improvements	2-30 years
Machinery and equipment	7-10 years
Furniture and fixtures	3 years
Land improvements	20 years
Transportation equipment	2-5 years
Computer equipment and software	3-7 years

Property and equipment, including ROU assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable, the Company first compares the carrying amount of an asset or asset group to the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposal of the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset or asset group exceeds the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposal of the asset, the Company will determine the fair value of the asset or asset group. The amount of impairment loss recognized is the excess of the asset or asset group’s carrying amount over its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values, and third-party independent appraisals, as considered necessary.

Liability Classified Convertible Notes Payable and Contingent Convertible Notes Payable

The Company accounts for the Contingent Convertible Notes Payable issued as consideration for the ProFrac Agreement, which is discussed in Note 8, “Debt and Convertible Notes Payable”, as liability classified convertible instruments in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ASC 718, “Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, liability classified convertible instruments are measured at fair value at the grant date and at each reporting date (see Note 9, “Fair Value Measurements”) with the change in fair value included in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

The Company categorizes financial assets and liabilities using a three-tier fair value hierarchy, based on the nature of the inputs used to determine fair value. Inputs refer broadly to assumptions that market participants would use to value an asset or liability and may be observable or unobservable. When determining the fair value of assets and liabilities, the Company uses the most reliable measurement available. See Note 9, “Fair Value Measurements.”

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the amount that would be received for selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company categorizes financial assets and liabilities into the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value and bases categorization within the hierarchy on the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement.

•Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

•Level 3 — Significant unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity or that are based on the reporting entity’s assumptions about the inputs.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.

The Company recognizes revenue based on a five-step model when all of the following criteria have been met: (i) a contract with a customer exists, (ii) performance obligations have been identified, (iii) the price to the customer has been determined, (iv) the price to the customer has been allocated to the performance obligations, and (v) performance obligations are satisfied.

Products and services are sold with fixed or determinable prices. Certain sales include right of return provisions, which are considered when recognizing revenue and deferred accordingly. Deposits and other funds received in advance of delivery are deferred until the transfer of control is complete.

The Company applies several practical expedients including:

•Sales commissions are expensed as selling, general and administrative expenses when incurred because the amortization period is generally one year or less.

•The majority of the Company’s services are short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. As a result the Company does not disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations.

•The Company’s payment terms are short-term in nature with settlements of one year or less. As a result the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component.

•In most service contracts, the Company has the right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company’s performance obligations completed to date and as such the Company recognizes revenue in the amount to which it has a right to invoice.

•The Company excludes from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected by the entity from a customer. Such taxes are included in accrued liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet until remitted to the governmental agency.

Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of goods sold on our consolidated statement of operations.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation

Financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are prepared using the currency of the primary economic environment of the foreign subsidiaries as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect as of the end of identified reporting periods. Revenue and expense transactions are translated using the average monthly exchange rate for the reporting period. Resultant translation adjustments are recognized as other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss encompasses all changes in stockholders’ equity, except those arising from investments from and distributions to stockholders. The Company’s comprehensive loss includes consolidated net loss and foreign currency translation adjustments.

Research and Development Costs

Research and Development Costs

Expenditures for research activities relating to product development and improvement are charged to expense as incurred.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the tax rates expected to be in effect when the differences reverse. Deferred tax assets are also recognized for operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date.

A valuation allowance is established when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The establishment of a valuation allowance requires significant judgment and is impacted by various estimates. Both positive and negative evidence, as well as the objectivity and verifiability of that evidence, is considered in determining the appropriateness of recording a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs.

The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as income tax expense.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense, related to stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units, is recognized based on their grant-date fair values. The Company recognizes compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Estimated forfeitures are based on historical experience.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Significant items subject to estimates and assumptions include the carrying amount and useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets; property and equipment and intangible asset impairment assessments; stock-based compensation expense; valuation allowances for accounts receivable, inventories, and deferred tax assets; recoverability and timing of the realization of contract assets; and fair value of liability classified contingent convertible notes payable.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. In the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company changed its financial statement presentation to report cost of goods sold and gross profit (loss) and eliminated the reporting of operating expenses (excluding depreciation and amortization) on the consolidated statements of operations to conform to customary industry reporting practices. In connection with this change in presentation, the Company reclassified selling costs of $1.7 million to selling, general and administrative expenses which were previously reported in operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The reclassifications and change in presentation of the statements of operations did not impact previously recorded loss from operations, net loss or stockholders’ equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements And New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). We evaluate the applicability and impact of all authoritative guidance issued by the FASB. Guidance not listed below was assessed and determined to be either not applicable, clarifications of items listed below, immaterial or already adopted by the Company.

New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted as of March 31, 2022

The FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, “Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity.” This standard changes the accounting for convertible instruments by reducing the number of accounting models, amends the requirements for a conversion option to be classified in equity and amends diluted earnings per share calculations for certain convertible debt instruments. The pronouncement is effective for smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, with early adoption allowed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company has adopted this standard as of January 1, 2022, and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures but will have an impact on the future issuances of convertible instruments and contracts in the Company’s equity.

The FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, “Government Assistance (Topic 832); Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance.” This standard provides guidance on disclosures for transactions with a government that are accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy. The pronouncement is effective for fiscals years beginning after December 15, 2021.The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2022 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

New Accounting Standards Issued But Not Adopted as of March 31, 2022

The FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This standard replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current U.S. GAAP with a methodology that reflects estimates of expected credit losses over their contractual life that are recorded at inception based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The pronouncement is effective for smaller reporting companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard, including subsequent amendments, on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding combined with dilutive common share equivalents outstanding, if the effect is dilutive. Potentially dilutive common share equivalents consist of incremental shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options and settlement of restricted stock units.

Segment Information

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The operations of the Company are categorized into the following reportable segments: CT and DA.

Chemistry Technologies. The CT segment includes green specialty chemistries, logistics and technology services, which enable its customers to pursue improved efficiencies and performance throughout the life cycle of their wells, helping customers improve their ESG and operational goals. This segment also includes a portfolio of specialty chemical products to address the long-term challenges of in the janitorial, sanitization, food services, and adjacent markets. Customers of the CT segment include major integrated oil and gas companies, oilfield services companies, independent oil and gas companies, national and state-owned oil companies, and international supply chain management companies.

Data Analytics. The DA segment, created in the second quarter of 2020 in conjunction with the acquisition of JP3 on May 18, 2020, includes the design, development, production, sale and support of equipment and services that create and provide valuable information on the composition and properties of energy customers’ hydrocarbon fluids. The company markets products and services that support in-line data analysis of hydrocarbon components and properties. Customers of the DA segment span across the entire oil and gas market, from upstream production to midstream facilities to refineries and distribution networks.

The Company evaluates performance based upon a variety of criteria. The primary financial measure is segment operating income (loss). Various functions, including certain sales and marketing activities and general and administrative activities, are provided centrally by the corporate office. Costs associated with corporate office functions, other corporate income and expense items, and income taxes are not allocated to the reportable segment.