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Income Taxes (Tables)
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of effective tax rate to the U.S. federal statutory tax rate
A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:
 
Three months ended June 30,

Six months ended June 30,
 
2020
 
2019
 
2020
 
2019
U.S. federal statutory tax rate
21.0
 %
 
21.0
 %
 
21.0
 %
 
21.0
 %
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
0.4

 
1.7

 
—

 
1.0

Non-U.S. income taxed at different rates
0.9

 
0.7

 
0.2

 
1.0

Reduction in tax benefit related to stock-based awards
0.9

 
(1.1
)
 
(0.1
)
 
(1.8
)
Non-deductible expenses
0.7

 
—

 
—

 
(0.3
)
Research and development credit
0.1

 
0.4

 
—

 
0.6

Increase in valuation allowance
(23.7
)
 
(20.7
)
 
(16.0
)
 
(17.9
)
Effect of tax rate differences of NOL carryback
—

 
—

 
2.6

 
—

Other
—

 
(0.4
)
 
—

 
(0.3
)
Effective income tax rate
0.3
 %
 
1.6
 %
 
7.7
 %
 
3.3
 %