Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Income
 
(Unaudited) (Canadian $ in millions, except as noted)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
   July 31,
2024
 
  
   April 30,
2024
 
  
   July 31,
2023
 
 
   July 31,
2024
 
 
   July 31,
2023
 
Interest, Dividend and Fee Income
  
  
  
 
 
Loans
  
$
10,269
 
   $ 9,745      $ 9,130    
$
29,846
 
   $    24,629  
Securities (Note 2)
  
 
3,917
 
    
3,716
      
3,099
   
 
   
11,072
 
   
8,132
 
Securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements
  
 
1,839
 
     1,672        1,563    
 
5,068
 
     4,263  
Deposits with banks
  
 
1,078
 
     1,031        1,029    
 
3,135
 
     2,950  
    
 
   17,103
 
        16,164           14,821    
 
49,121
 
     39,974  
Interest Expense
             
Deposits
  
 
8,974
 
     8,454        7,102    
 
25,812
 
     18,647  
Securities sold but not yet purchased and securities lent or sold under repurchase agreements
  
 
2,405
 
     2,282        1,985    
 
6,563
 
     5,439  
Subordinated debt
  
 
116
 
     111        109    
 
338
 
     313  
Other liabilities
  
 
814
 
     802        720    
 
2,378
 
     1,835  
    
 
12,309
 
     11,649        9,916    
 
35,091
 
     26,234  
Net Interest Income
  
 
4,794
 
     4,515        4,905    
 
14,030
 
     13,740  
Non-Interest
Revenue
             
Securities commissions and fees
  
 
278
 
     271        253    
 
818
 
     774  
Deposit and payment service charges
  
 
412
 
     398        404    
 
1,206
 
     1,115  
Trading revenues (losses)
  
 
622
 
     599        400    
 
1,681
 
     (543
Lending fees
  
 
353
 
     388        388    
 
1,126
 
     1,153  
Card fees
  
 
220
 
     212        126    
 
646
 
     446  
Investment management and custodial fees
  
 
528
 
     501        476    
 
1,512
 
     1,378  
Mutual fund revenues
  
 
339
 
     323        316    
 
977
 
     936  
Underwriting and advisory fees
  
 
332
 
     371        253    
 
1,047
 
     730  
Securities gains, other than trading (Note 2)
  
 
49
 
     81        36    
 
143
 
     146  
Foreign exchange gains, other than trading
  
 
67
 
     65        67    
 
196
 
     179  
Insurance service results (Note 1)
  
 
100
 
     99        96    
 
298
 
     285  
Insurance investment results (Note 1)
  
 
17
 
     25        193    
 
33
 
     40  
Share of profit
(
loss
)
 
in associates and joint ventures
  
 
52
 
     67        (2  
 
157
 
     133  
Other revenues (losses)
  
 
29
 
     59        141    
 
(32
)
 
     428  
    
 
3,398
 
     3,459        3,147    
 
9,808
 
     7,200  
Total Revenue
  
 
8,192
 
     7,974        8,052    
 
23,838
 
     20,940  
Provision for Credit Losses
(Note 3)
  
 
906
 
     705        492    
 
2,238
 
     1,732  
Non-Interest
Expense
             
Employee compensation
  
 
2,689
 
     2,619        3,051    
 
8,178
 
     8,565  
Premises and equipment
  
 
1,047
 
     1,032        1,215    
 
3,055
 
     3,426  
Amortization of intangible assets
  
 
277
 
     276        284    
 
832
 
     724  
Advertising and business development
  
 
217
 
     202        218    
 
610
 
     552  
Communications
  
 
98
 
     100        95    
 
299
 
     259  
Professional fees
  
 
213
 
     204        276    
 
624
 
     815  
Other
  
 
298
 
     411        433    
 
1,474
 
     1,114  
    
 
4,839
 
     4,844        5,572    
 
15,072
 
     15,455  
Income Before Provision for Income Taxes
  
 
2,447
 
     2,425        1,988    
 
6,528
 
     3,753  
Provision for income taxes (Note 10)
  
 
582
 
     559        423    
 
1,505
 
     1,026  
Net Income
  
$
1,865
 
   $ 1,866      $ 1,565    
$
5,023
 
   $ 2,727  
Attributable to:
             
Bank shareholders
  
$
1,865
 
   $ 1,862      $ 1,563    
$
5,017
 
   $ 2,722  
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
 
-
 
     4        2    
 
6
 
     5  
Net Income
  
$
1,865
 
   $ 1,866      $ 1,565    
$
5,023
 
   $ 2,727  
Earnings Per Common Share (Canadian $)
(Note 9)
             
Basic
  
$
2.49
 
   $ 2.36      $ 2.13    
$

6.58
 
   $ 3.56  
Diluted
  
 
2.48
 
     2.36        2.12    
 
6.57
 
     3.56  
Dividends per common share
  
 
1.55
 
     1.51        1.47    
 
4.57
 
     4.33  
 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation and for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
5
2
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
 
(Unaudited) (Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
   July 31,
2024
 
 
   April 30,
2024
 
 
   July 31,
2023
 
 
   July 31,
2024
 
 
   July 31,
2023
 
Net Income
  
$
1,865
 
  
$
    1,866
 
 
$
    1,565
 
 
$
    5,023
 
  
$
    2,727
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of taxes
  
  
 
 
  
Items that will subsequently be reclassified to net income
  
  
 
 
  
Net change in unrealized gains on fair value through OCI debt securities
  
  
 
 
  
Unrealized gains on fair value through OCI debt securities arising during the period (1)
  
 
56
 
  
 
40
 
 
 
4
 
 
 
367
 
  
 
169
 
Reclassification to earnings of (gains) during the period (2)
  
 
(19
)
 
  
 
(40
 
 
(4
 
 
(64
)
 
  
 
(27
 
  
 
37
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
303
 
  
 
142
 
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
  
  
 
 
  
Gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges arising during the period (3)
  
 
1,829
 
  
 
(1,443
 
 
(1,722
 
 
2,300
 
  
 
(742
Reclassification to earnings/goodwill of losses on derivatives designated as
cash flow hedges during the period (4)
  
 
335
 
  
 
379
 
 
 
334
 
 
 
1,103
 
  
 
595
 
 
  
 
    2,164
 
  
 
(1,064
 
 
(1,388
 
 
3,403
 
  
 
(147
Net gains (losses) on translation of net foreign operations
  
  
 
 
  
Unrealized gains (losses) on translation of net foreign operations
  
 
154
 
  
 
1,482
 
 
 
(1,498
 
 
(244
)
  
 
(1,411
Unrealized gains (losses) on hedges of net foreign operations (5)
  
 
(41
)
  
 
(266
 
 
262
 
 
 
20
 
  
 
111
 
 
  
 
113
 
  
 
1,216
 
 
 
(1,236
 
 
(224
)
  
 
(1,300
Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to net income
  
  
 
 
  
Net unrealized gains on fair value through OCI equity securities arising during the period (6)
  
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
9
 
  
 
-
 
Net gains (losses) on remeasurement of pension and other employee future benefit plans (7)
  
 
102
 
  
 
43
 
 
 
48
 
 
 
54
 
  
 
(11
Net gains (losses) on remeasurement of own credit risk on financial liabilities
designated at fair value (8)
  
 
107
 
  
 
(356
 
 
(89
 
 
(676
)
  
 
(325
 
  
 
210
 
  
 
(313
 
 
(41
 
 
(613
)
  
 
(336
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of taxes
  
 
2,524
 
  
 
(161
 
 
(2,665
 
 
2,869
 
  
 
(1,641
Total Comprehensive Income (Loss)
  
$
4,389
 
  
$
1,705
 
 
$
(1,100
 
$
7,892
 
  
$
1,086
 
Attributable to:
  
  
 
 
  
Bank shareholders
  
$
4,389
 
  
$
1,701
 
 
$
(1,102
 
$
7,886
 
  
$
1,081
 
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
 
-
 
  
 
4
 
 
 
2
 
 
 
6
 
  
 
5
 
Total Comprehensive Income (Loss)
  
$
4,389
 
  
$
1,705
 
 
$
(1,100
 
$
7,892
 
  
$
1,086
 
 
 (1)
Net of income tax (provision) of $(21) million, $(14) million, $nil million for the three months ended and $(134) million, $(55) million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 (2)
Net of income tax provision of $7 million, $15 million, $2 million for the three months ended and $24 million, $11 million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 (3)
Net of income tax (provision) recovery of $(702) million, $547 million, $635 million for the three months ended and $(884) million, $367 million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 (4)
Net of income tax (recovery) of $(127) million, $(144) million, $(126) million for the three months ended and $(418) million, $(223) million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 (5)
Net of income tax (provision) recovery of $14 million, $103 million, $(104) million for the three months ended and $(9) million, $(96) million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 (6)
Net of income tax (provision) of $
(1) million, $nil million, $nil million for the three months ended and $(4) million, $nil million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 (7)
Net of income tax (provision) of $(40) million, $(17) million, $(19) million for the three months ended and $(22) million, $(19) million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 (8)
Net of income tax (provision) recovery of $(42) million, $137 million, and $42 million for the three months ended and $258 million, $114 million for the nine months ended, respectively.
 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
5
3
 

Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
(Unaudited) (Canadian $ in millions)
  
  As at
 
  
  
   July 31,
2024
 
 
  October 31,
2023
 
Assets
  
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
  
$
       74,761
 
   $        77,934  
Interest Bearing Deposits with Banks
  
 
3,562
 
     4,109  
Securities
(Note 2)
     
Trading
  
 
168,099
 
     123,718  
Fair value through profit or loss
  
 
18,537
 
     16,733  
Fair value through other comprehensive income
  
 
81,456
 
     62,819  
Debt securities at amortized cost
  
 
117,869
 
     116,814  
Investments in associates and joint ventures
  
 
1,653
 
     1,461  
    
 
387,614
 
     321,545  
Securities Borrowed or Purchased Under Resale Agreements
  
 
118,005
 
     115,662  
Loans
(Note 3)
     
Residential mortgages
  
 
186,512
 
     177,250  
Consumer instalment and other personal
  
 
92,555
 
     104,042  
Credit cards
  
 
13,437
 
     12,294  
Business and government
  
 
384,996
 
     366,886  
  
 
677,500
 
     660,472  
Allowance for credit losses (Note 3)
  
 
(4,276
)
     (3,807
    
 
673,224
 
     656,665  
Other Assets
     
Derivative instruments
  
 
36,834
 
     39,976  
Customers’ liability under acceptances
  
 
495
 
     8,111  
Premises and equipment
  
 
6,249
 
     6,241  
Goodwill
  
 
16,641
 
     16,728  
Intangible assets
  
 
4,961
 
     5,216  
Current tax assets
  
 
1,456
 
     2,052  
Deferred tax assets
  
 
3,268
 
     3,420  
Receivable from brokers, dealers and clients
  
 
32,162
 
     53,002  
Other
  
 
41,238
 
     36,345  
    
 
143,304
 
     171,091  
Total Assets
  
$
1,400,470
 
   $ 1,347,006  
Liabilities and Equity
     
Deposits
(Note 4)
  
$
965,239
 
   $ 910,879  
Other Liabilities
     
Derivative instruments
  
 
49,488
 
     50,193  
Acceptances
  
 
495
 
     8,111  
Securities sold but not yet purchased
  
 
39,967
 
     43,774  
Securities lent or sold under repurchase agreements
  
 
125,326
 
     106,108  
Securitization and structured entities’ liabilities
  
 
36,222
 
     27,094  
Payable to brokers, dealers and clients
  
 
34,525
 
     53,754  
Other
  
 
56,930
 
     62,742  
    
 
342,953
 
     351,776  
Subordinated Debt
  
 
9,321
 
     8,228  
Total Liabilities
  
 
1,317,513
 
     1,270,883  
Equity
     
Preferred shares and other equity instruments (Note 5)
  
 
8,487
 
     6,958  
Common shares (Note 5)
  
 
23,911
 
     22,941  
Contributed surplus
  
 
346
 
     328  
Retained earnings
  
 
45,451
 
     44,006  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
  
 
4,731
 
     1,862  
Total shareholders’ equity
  
 
82,926
 
     76,095  
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries (Note 5)
  
 
31
 
     28  
Total Equity
  
 
82,957
 
     76,123  
Total Liabilities and Equity
  
$
1,400,470
 
   $ 1,347,006  
 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
5
4
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
 
(Unaudited) (Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
July 31,
2024
 
 
July 31,
2023
 
 
July 31,
2024
 
 
July 31,
2023
 
Preferred Shares and Other Equity Instruments
(Note 5)
  
 
 
 
Balance at beginning of period
  
$
       8,314
 
  
$
       6,958
 
 
$
6,958
 
  
$
       6,308
 
Issued during the period
  
 
1,023
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
       2,379
 
  
 
650
 
Redeemed during the period
  
 
(850
)
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(850
)
 
  
 
-
 
Balance at End of Period
  
 
8,487
 
  
 
6,958
 
 
 
8,487
 
  
 
6,958
 
Common Shares
(Note 5)
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
23,896
 
  
 
22,062
 
 
 
22,941
 
  
 
17,744
 
Issued under the Shareholder Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan
  
 
-
 
  
 
405
 
 
 
905
 
  
 
1,170
 
Issued under the Stock Option Plan
  
 
15
 
  
 
8
 
 
 
57
 
  
 
47
 
Treasury shares sold (purchased)
  
 
-
 
  
 
(1
 
 
8
 
  
 
-
 
Issued to align capital position with increased regulatory requirements as announced by OSFI
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
3,360
 
Issued for acquisitions
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
153
 
Balance at End of Period
  
 
23,911
 
  
 
22,474
 
 
 
23,911
 
  
 
22,474
 
Contributed Surplus
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
350
 
  
 
327
 
 
 
328
 
  
 
317
 
Stock option expense, net of options exercised
  
 
(2
)
  
 
2
 
 
 
9
 
  
 
12
 
Net premium (discount) on sale of treasury shares
  
 
(2
)
  
 
1
 
 
 
9
 
  
 
(1
Other
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
2
 
Balance at End of Period
  
 
346
 
  
 
330
 
 
 
346
 
  
 
330
 
Retained Earnings
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
44,772
 
  
 
43,025
 
 
 
44,006
 
  
 
45,117
 
Impact from accounting policy changes (Note 1)
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(974
Net income attributable to bank shareholders
  
 
1,865
 
  
 
1,563
 
 
 
5,017
 
  
 
2,722
 
Dividends on preferred shares and distributions payable on other equity instruments
  
 
(51
)
  
 
(41
 
 
(234
)
  
 
(206
Dividends on common shares
  
 
(1,130
)
  
 
(1,054
 
 
(3,327
)
  
 
(3,089
Equity issue expense
  
 
(5
)
  
 
-
 
 
 
(11
)
  
 
(73
Net discount on sale of treasury shares
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(4
Balance at End of Period
  
 
45,451
 
  
 
43,493
 
 
 
45,451
 
  
 
43,493
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) on Fair Value through OCI Securities, net of taxes
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
(190
)
  
 
(217
 
 
(464
)
  
 
(359
Unrealized gains on fair value through OCI debt securities arising during the period
  
 
56
 
  
 
4
 
 
 
367
 
  
 
169
 
Unrealized gains on fair value through OCI equity securities arising during the period
  
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
9
 
  
 
-
 
Reclassification to earnings of (gains) during the period
  
 
(19
)
  
 
(4
 
 
(64
)
  
 
(27
Balance at End of Period
  
 
(152
)
  
 
(217
 
 
(152
)
  
 
(217
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges, net of taxes
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
(4,209
)
  
 
(3,888
 
 
(5,448
)
  
 
(5,129
Gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges arising during the period
  
 
1,829
 
  
 
(1,722
 
 
2,300
 
  
 
(742
Reclassification to earnings/goodwill of losses on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges during the period
  
 
335
 
  
 
334
 
 
 
1,103
 
  
 
595
 
Balance at End of Period
  
 
(2,045
)
  
 
(5,276
 
 
(2,045
)
  
 
(5,276
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Translation of Net Foreign Operations, net of taxes
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
5,857
 
  
 
5,104
 
 
 
6,194
 
  
 
5,168
 
Unrealized gains (losses) on translation of net foreign operations
  
 
154
 
  
 
(1,498
 
 
(244
)
  
 
(1,411
Unrealized gains (losses) on hedges of net foreign operations
  
 
(41
)
  
 
262
 
 
 
20
 
  
 
111
 
Balance at End of Period
  
 
5,970
 
  
 
3,868
 
 
 
5,970
 
  
 
3,868
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income on Pension and Other Employee Future Benefit Plans, net of taxes
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
895
 
  
 
885
 
 
 
943
 
  
 
944
 
Gains (losses) on remeasurement of pension and other employee future benefit plans
  
 
102
 
  
 
48
 
 
 
54
 
  
 
(11
Balance at End of Period
  
 
997
 
  
 
933
 
 
 
997
 
  
 
933
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on Own Credit Risk on Financial Liabilities
Designated at Fair Value, net of taxes
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
(146
)
  
 
692
 
 
 
637
 
  
 
928
 
Gains (losses) on remeasurement of own credit risk on financial liabilities designated at fair value
  
 
107
 
  
 
(89
 
 
(676
)
  
 
(325
Balance at End of Period
  
 
(39
)
  
 
603
 
 
 
(39
)
  
 
603
 
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
  
 
4,731
 
  
 
(89
 
 
4,731
 
  
 
(89
Total Shareholders’ Equity
  
 
82,926
 
  
 
73,166
 
 
 
82,926
 
  
 
73,166
 
Non-Controlling
Interest in Subsidiaries
(Note 5)
  
  
 
  
Balance at beginning of period
  
 
31
 
  
 
19
 
 
 
28
 
  
 
-
 
Acquisition
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
16
 
Net income attributable to
non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
 
-
 
  
 
2
 
 
 
6
 
  
 
5
 
Dividends to
non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(3
)
  
 
-
 
Balance at End of Period
  
 
31
 
  
 
21
 
 
 
31
 
  
 
21
 
Total Equity
  
$
82,957
 
  
$
73,187
 
 
$
82,957
 
  
$
73,187
 
 The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
5
5
 

Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
 
(Unaudited) (Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
July 31,
2024
 
 
July 31,
2023
 
 
July 31,
2024
 
 
July 31,
2023
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
  
 
 
 
Net Income
  
$
     1,865
 
   $      1,565    
$
     5,023
 
  $        2,727  
Adjustments to determine net cash flows provided by operating activities:
         
Securities (gains), other than trading (Note 2)
  
 
(49
)
 
     (36 )  
 
(143
)
 
    (146 )
Depreciation of premises and equipment
  
 
246
 
     252    
 
730
 
    724  
Depreciation of other assets
  
 
7
 
     14    
 
24
 
    50  
Amortization of intangible assets
  
 
277
 
     284    
 
832
 
    724  
Provision for credit losses (Note 3)
  
 
906
 
     492    
 
2,238
 
    1,732  
Deferred taxes
  
 
146
 
     (547 )  
 
(118
)
    (669 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
         
Trading securities
  
 
(8,011
)
     (12,468 )  
 
(43,770
)
    (18,612 )
Derivative assets
  
 
1,949
 
     (564 )  
 
7,679
 
    20,820  
Derivative liabilities
  
 
762
 
     1,359    
 
(3,997
)
    (19,324 )
Current income taxes
  
 
587
 
     54    
 
711
 
    (1,032 )
Accrued interest receivable and payable
  
 
280
 
     902    
 
1,119
 
    2,254  
Brokers, dealers and clients receivable and payable
  
 
(2,841
)
     6,904    
 
1,527
 
    5,444  
Other items and accruals, net
  
 
(4,137
)
     903    
 
(5,749
)
    3,606  
Deposits
  
 
25,062
 
     19,643    
 
56,597
 
    28,645  
Loans
  
 
(16,492
)
     (4,268 )  
 
(20,644
)
    (14,455 )
Securities sold but not yet purchased
  
 
(2,263
)
     (1,055 )  
 
(3,630
)
    7,410  
Securities lent or sold under repurchase agreements
  
 
4,234
 
     (7,088 )  
 
19,285
 
    (11,734 )
Securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements
  
 
161
 
     3,242    
 
(2,415
)
    (1,963 )
Securitization and structured entities’ liabilities
  
 
(663
)
     1,090    
 
9,024
 
    (170 )
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
  
 
2,026
 
     10,678    
 
24,323
 
    6,031  
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
         
Net increase (decrease) in liabilities of subsidiaries
  
 
(2,042
)
     (2,347  
 
(8,810
)
    2,456  
Proceeds from issuance of covered bonds
  
 
-
 
     2,916    
 
-
 
    8,027  
Redemption/buyback of covered bonds
  
 
-
 
     -    
 
(2,327
)
    (8,175
Proceeds from issuance of subordinated debt
  
 
1,000
 
     -    
 
1,000
 
     -  
Proceeds from issuance of preferred shares, net of issuance costs (Note 5)
  
 
1,018
 
     -    
 
2,368
 
    648  
Redemption of preferred shares (Note 5)
  
 
(850
)
     -    
 
(850
)
     -  
Net proceeds from issuance of common shares (Note 5)
  
 
17
 
     6    
 
48
 
    3,324  
Net sale (purchase) of treasury shares
  
 
-
 
     (1  
 
8
 
    -  
Cash dividends and distributions paid
  
 
(1,245
)
     (742  
 
(2,659
)
    (2,047
Cash dividends paid to
non-controlling
interest
  
 
-
 
     -    
 
(3
)
    -  
Repayment of lease liabilities
  
 
(91
)
     (92  
 
(276
)
    (259
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
  
 
(2,193
)
     (260  
 
(11,501
)
    3,974  
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
         
Net decrease in interest bearing deposits with banks
  
 
791
 
     489    
 
553
 
    924  
Purchases of securities, other than trading
  
 
(21,789
)
     (7,645  
 
(62,007
)
    (35,096
Maturities of securities, other than trading
  
 
6,919
 
     5,669    
 
20,008
 
    15,595  
Proceeds from sales of securities, other than trading
  
 
9,338
 
     5,896    
 
26,605
 
    19,318  
Premises and equipment – net purchases
  
 
(196
)
     (190  
 
(576
)
    (566
Purchased and developed software – net purchases
  
 
(217
)
     (178  
 
(556
)
    (572
Acquisitions (1)
  
 
-
 
     (155  
 
-
 
    (15,107
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
  
 
(5,154
)
     3,886    
 
(15,973
)
    (15,504 )
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents
  
 
213
 
     (1,537  
 
(22
)
    (705
Net increase (decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
  
 
(5,108
)
     12,767    
 
(3,173
)
    (6,204
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
  
 
79,869
 
     68,495    
 
77,934
 
    87,466  
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
  
$

74,761
 
   $ 81,262    
$

74,761
 
  $ 81,262  
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
         
Net cash provided by operating activities includes:
         
Interest paid in the period (2)
  
$
12,083
 
   $ 9,313    
$
33,564
 
  $ 23,493  
Income taxes paid in the period
  
 
471
 
     319    
 
1,548
 
    2,302  
Interest received in the period
  
 
16,519
 
     14,571    
 
46,995
 
    37,729  
Dividends received in the period
  
 
732
 
     698    
 
1,923
 
    1,777  
 
 (1)
This amount is net of $
63
million and $3,646 million cash and cash equivalents acquired as part of acquisitions for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2023. To mitigate changes in the Canadian dollar equivalent of the purchase price on close, we entered into forward contracts, which qualified for hedge accounting. 
 (2)
Includes dividends paid on securities sold but not yet purchased.
 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
5
6
 BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
July 31, 2024 (Unaudited)
Note 1: Basis of Presentation
Bank of Montreal (the bank or BMO) is a chartered bank under the
Bank Act (Canada)
and is a public company incorporated in Canada. We are a highly diversified financial services company, providing a broad range of personal and commercial banking, wealth management and investment banking products and services. The bank’s head office is at 129 rue Saint Jacques, Montreal, Quebec. Our executive offices are at 100 King Street West, 1 First Canadian Place, Toronto, Ontario. Our common shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) and the New York Stock Exchange.
These condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard (IAS) 34,
Interim Financial Reporting
as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) using the same accounting policies as disclosed in our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2023, except as outlined below. These condensed interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the notes to our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2023. We also comply with interpretations of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by our regulator, the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI). These interim consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on August 27, 2024.
Interbank Offered Rate (IBOR) Reform
BMO has transitioned all Canadian Dollar Offered Rate settings to alternative reference rates, except for certain loans for which the interest rate will reset after July 31, 2024. For additional details regarding interest rate benchmarks, refer to Note 1 of our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2023.
Use of Estimates and Judgments
The preparation of the interim consolidated financial statements requires management to use estimates and assumptions that affect the carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities, certain amounts reported in net income and other related disclosures.
The most significant assets and liabilities for which we must make estimates and judgments include the allowance for credit losses (ACL); financial instruments measured at fair value; pension and other employee future benefits; impairment of securities; income taxes and deferred tax assets; goodwill and intangible assets; insurance-related assets and liabilities; provisions including legal proceedings and severance charges; transfer of financial assets and consolidation of structured entities. We make judgments in assessing the business model for financial assets as well as whether substantially all risks and rewards have been transferred in respect of transfers of financial assets and whether we control structured entities. If actual results were to differ from the estimates, the impact would be recorded in future periods.
The economic outlook is subject to several risks that could lead to a more adverse outcome for the North American economy, including the economy decelerating more rapidly than central banks anticipated due to higher interest rates, inflation staying above target and resulting in continued restrictive monetary policies, an escalation of geopolitical risks including wars in Ukraine and the Middle East, and an increase in tensions between the United States and China relating to trade protectionism and Taiwan. These tensions are likely to increase further if the U.S. November presidential election results in a new administration. The impact on our business, results of operations, reputation, financial performance and condition, including the potential for credit, counterparty and
mark-to-market
losses, our credit ratings and regulatory capital and liquidity ratios, as well as impacts to our customers and competitors, will depend on future developments, which remain uncertain. By their very nature, the judgments and estimates we make for the purposes of preparing our consolidated financial statements relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. However, we have detailed policies and internal controls that are intended to ensure the judgments made in estimating these amounts are well controlled and independently reviewed, and that our policies are consistently applied from period to period. We believe that our estimates of the value of our assets and liabilities are appropriate as at July 31, 2024.
Allowance for Credit Losses
As detailed further in Note 1 of our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2023, ACL consists of allowances on impaired loans, which represent estimated losses related to impaired loans in the portfolio provided for but not yet written off, and allowances on performing loans, which is our best estimate of impairment in the existing portfolio for loans that have not yet been individually identified as impaired.
The expected credit losses (ECL) model requires the recognition of credit losses generally based on 12 months of expected losses for performing loans and the recognition of lifetime losses on performing loans that have experienced a significant increase in credit risk since origination.
The determination of a significant increase in credit risk takes into account many different factors and varies by product and risk segment. The bank’s methodology for determining significant increase in credit risk is based on the change in probability of default between origination, and reporting date, assessed using probability-weighted scenarios as well as certain other criteria, such as 30 days past due and watchlist status. The assessment of a significant increase in credit risk requires experienced credit judgment.
In determining whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk and in calculating the amount of ECL, we must rely on estimates and exercise judgment regarding matters for which the ultimate outcome is unknown. These judgments include changes in circumstances that may cause future assessments of credit risk to be materially different from current assessments, which could require an increase or a decrease in the ACL. The calculation of ECL includes the explicit incorporation of forecasts of future economic conditions. We have developed models incorporating specific macroeconomic variables that are relevant to each portfolio. Key economic variables for our retail portfolios include primary operating markets of Canada, the United States and regional markets, where considered significant. Forecasts are developed internally by our Economics group, considering external data and our view of future economic conditions. We exercise experienced credit judgment to incorporate multiple economic forecasts, which are probability-weighted, in the determination of the final ECL. The allowance is sensitive to changes in both economic forecasts and the probability-weight assigned to each forecast scenario.
Additional information regarding the ACL is included in Note 3.
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
5
7
 

Insurance Contract Liabilities
Insurance contract liabilities represent estimates of fulfilment cash flows, which include a risk adjustment, and the contractual service margin (CSM). Fulfillment cash flows include estimates of future cash flows related to the remaining coverage period and for already incurred claims, which are then discounted and probability-weighted. This is based on
non-financial
risk assumptions including mortality, lapse and expenses, which are based on a combination of industry and entity specific data and in the case of expenses, on historical analysis of which expenses are attributable to insurance operations. These assumptions are reviewed at least annually and updated to reflect actual experience and market conditions. In addition, we add a risk adjustment for
non-financial
risk to bring the confidence level on the sufficiency for reserves to
70-80%.
The CSM is a component of the liability representing the unearned profit we will recognize as we provide services.
Changes in Accounting Policy
IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts
Effective November 1, 2023, we adopted IFRS 17
Insurance Contracts
(IFRS 17), which provides a comprehensive approach to accounting for all types of insurance contracts and replaced existing IFRS 4
Insurance Contracts
(IFRS 4).
IFRS 17 fundamentally changes the accounting for insurance contracts, with two key changes for the bank which impact the timing of income recognition:
Firstly, IFRS 17 requires us to group insurance contracts, where contracts have similar risks, were written in the same fiscal year and have similar expected profitability. IFRS 4 had no similar grouping requirement. We then measure these groups of contracts based on our estimates of the present value of future cash flows that are expected to arise as we fulfill the contracts, plus an explicit risk adjustment for insurance-specific risk. To the extent that future cash inflows exceed the future cash outflows, a CSM is recorded, representing unearned profits that will be recognized over the duration of the insurance contracts. If a group of insurance contracts is expected to experience losses, these losses are recorded in income immediately in
non-interest
revenue, insurance service results. Changes in expected fulfilment cash outflows, risk adjustment and CSM will be recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income in insurance service results over the term of the related insurance contracts. We will use this approach for all insurance contracts, except for creditor insurance and direct participating contracts. We will apply a modified approach to our direct participating products, including segregated funds, whereby their initial measurement is consistent with other insurance contracts, but the fee variability is factored into the remeasurement over the contract coverage period. For our creditor business, with a coverage period of one year or less, we will defer premiums received and recognize them in income over the coverage period and recognize a liability for claims only once a loss is incurred.
Under IFRS 4, gains/losses on new contracts were previously recognized in income immediately.
The second key difference under IFRS 17 compared to IFRS 4 is the rate used to discount our insurance contract liabilities. Under IFRS 17, the discount rate is comprised of a risk-free rate and an illiquidity premium that reflects the characteristics of these liabilities. Under IFRS 4, the discount rate was connected to the yield of the assets held to support insurance contract liabilities. We have elected the accounting policy choice under IFRS 17 to recognize the impact of changes in the discount rate and financial assumptions on insurance contract liabilities in our Consolidated Statement of Income in
non-interest
revenue, insurance investment results.
On transition, we were required to apply a full retrospective approach, where we restated prior periods as if we had always applied IFRS 17, unless impracticable, in which case we were to apply either the modified retrospective approach, where we applied specific modifications to the full retrospective approach, or the fair value approach, where we determined the fair value of the CSM as the difference between the fair value of a group of contracts and our fulfilment cash flows at the date of transition. We applied the full retrospective approach to our creditor business and the fair value approach to all other products written prior to November 1, 2022. The impact of adopting IFRS 17 as at November 1, 2022 is an increase in assets of $1,075 million, an increase in liabilities of $2,181 million and a decrease in shareholders’ equity of $1,106 million
after-tax.
The CSM qualifies as Tier 1 Capital. We applied the change retrospectively, as though we had always accounted for insurance contracts under IFRS 17.
IAS 40 Investment Property
On transition to IFRS 17, we voluntarily changed our accounting policy for the measurement of investment properties, included in insurance-related assets in other assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheet, from cost to fair value. This better aligns our returns on investment properties with gains and losses from our insurance business. IAS 40
Investment Property
(IAS 40) permits either measurement approach. We applied the change retrospectively, as though we had always accounted for investment properties at fair value. The result was an increase in other assets of $132 million and an increase in shareholders’ equity of $132 million
after-tax
at November 1, 2022.
 
5
8
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Transition Impacts
The following table shows the impact of these combined changes at November 1, 2022:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
November 1, 2022
previously reported
    
IFRS 17 impacts
    
IAS 40 accounting
policy change impacts
   
November 1, 2022
restated
 
Assets
          
Other Assets
          
Deferred tax assets
   $ 1,175      $ 418      $ (51   $ 1,542  
Other
          
Insurance-related assets
     2,575        657        183       3,415  
Total Assets
   $ 3,750      $ 1,075      $ 132     $ 4,957  
Liabilities
          
Other Liabilities
          
Deferred tax liabilities
   $ 102      $ -      $ -     $ 102  
Other
          
Insurance-related liabilities
     11,201             2,181        -            13,382  
Total Liabilities
   $ 11,303      $ 2,181      $ -     $ 13,484  
The impact of these changes on our Common Equity Tier 1 (
CET1
) Ratio is not material.
Presentation of Insurance Results
Insurance results are presented in
non-interest
revenue, insurance service results and
non-interest
revenue, insurance investment results, in our Consolidated Statement of Income. Insurance service results include insurance revenue, insurance service expenses and reinsurance results. Insurance investment results include net returns on insurance-related assets and the impact of the change in discount rates and financial assumptions on insurance contract liabilities. We no longer report Insurance claims, commissions and changes in policy benefit liabilities.
Insurance service results in our Consolidated Statement of Income are as follows:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
 July 31, 2024
 
 
 July 31, 2023
 
 
 July 31, 2024
 
 
 July 31, 2023
 
Insurance revenue
  
$
440
 
   $ 415     
$
    1,307
 
  $     1,162  
Insurance service expenses
  
 
(317
)
 
     (287   
 
(919
)
    (796 )
Net expenses from reinsurance contracts
  
 
(23
)
     (32   
 
(90
)
 
    (81 )
 
Insurance service results
  
$
    100
 
   $    96     
$
298
 
  $     285  
Insurance investment results in our Consolidated Statement of Income are as follows:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
 July 31, 2024
 
 
 July 31, 2023
 
 
 July 31, 2024
 
 
 July 31, 2023
 
Investment return
  
$
    978
 
   $ (120   
$
    2,046
 
  $       871  
Insurance finance income (expense) from insurance and reinsurance contracts held
  
 
(899
)
 
     278     
 
(1,911
)
 
    (814 )
 
Movement in investment contract liabilities
  
 
(62
)
     35     
 
(102
)
    (17 )
Insurance investment results
  
$
17
 
   $   193     
$
33
 
  $ 40  
We use the following rates for discounting fulfilment cash flows for our insurance contracts, which are based on a ri
sk-fre
e yield adjusted for an illiquidity premium that reflects the liquidity characteristics of the liabilities:
 
Portfolio duration:
  
 July 31, 2024
     October 31, 2023  
1 year
  
 
4.78%
 
     6.10%  
3 years
  
 
4.26%
 
     5.83%  
5 years
  
 
4.25%
 
     5.69%  
10 years
  
 
4.69%
 
     5.82%  
20 years
  
 
5.07%
 
     5.85%  
30 years
  
 
4.96%
 
     5.81%  
Ultimate
  
 
5.00%
 
     5.00%  
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
5
9
 

Presentation of Insurance Contract Liabilities
Insurance contract liabilities by remaining coverage and incurred claims is comprised of the following:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the nine months ended July 31, 2024
 
 
For the twelve months ended October 31, 2023
 
  
  
Liabilities for
remaining coverage
 
 
Liabilities for
incurred claims
 
 
Total
 
 
Liabilities for
remaining coverage
 
 
Liabilities for
incurred claims
 
 
Total
 
Insurance contract liabilities, beginning of period
  
$
13,114
 
  
$
235
 
  
$
13,349
 
   $ 11,850     $ 267     $ 12,117  
Insurance service results
  
 
(1,171
)
 
  
 
842
 
  
 
(329
)
 
     (1,403     979       (424
Net finance expenses from insurance contracts
  
 
2,031
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
2,031
 
     179       -       179  
Total cash flows
  
 
1,792
 
  
 
(871
)
 
  
 
921
 
     2,488       (1,013     1,475  
Other changes in the net carrying amount of the insurance contract
  
 
-
 
  
 
(1
)
  
 
(1
)
     -       2       2  
Insurance contract liabilities, end of period (1)
  
$
     15,766
 
  
$
      205
 
  
$
       15,971
 
   $     13,114     $     235     $     13,349  
 
 (1)
The liabilities for incurred claims relating to insurance contracts in our creditor and reinsurance business were $110 million as at July 31, 2024 and $131 million as at October 31, 2023.
CSM from contracts issued in 2023 was $73 million and for the nine months ended July 31, 2024 was $73 million. Total CSM as at July 31, 2024 was $1,697 million ($1,689 million as at October 31, 2023). This excludes the impact of any reinsurance held, which is not significant to the bank. Onerous contract losses in the three and nine months ended July 31, 2024 and 2023 were not material.
IFRS 9 Financial Instruments
Effective November 1, 2023, we voluntarily changed our accounting policy to account for regular way contracts to buy or sell financial assets on trade date, instead of on settlement date. This change was applied retrospectively, as is required for changes in accounting policy, as if we always recorded securities transactions on trade date. Regular way contracts are contracts which will be settled within a timeframe established by market convention or regulation. The change resulted in an increase in both assets and liabilities of $52.5 billion as at October 31, 2023.
IAS 12 Income Taxes
Effective November 1, 2023, we adopted an amendment to IAS 12
Income Taxes
(IAS 12). This amendment narrows the IAS 12 exemption to exclude transactions that give rise to equal and offsetting temporary differences (e.g. leases and asset retirement obligations). Upon adoption of the amendment, we record separate deferred tax assets and liabilities related to the assets and liabilities that give rise to these temporary differences. There was no impact on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, as the balances are eligible for offset when levied by the same tax authority. This change impacts note disclosure only.
Future Changes in IFRS
IFRS 9 Financial Instruments
In May 2024, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 9
Financial Instruments
which introduce additional guidance in two areas. The first relates to financial assets with contingent features and when these features can be considered consistent with a basic lending arrangement, in which case the instrument can be measured at amortized cost. The second relates to the timing of derecognition of financial liabilities when payment takes place through an electronic payment system and certain conditions are met. These amendments will be effective for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2026 and we are currently assessing their impact on our consolidated financial statements.
IAS 12 Income Taxes
In May 2023, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 12. The amendment addresses concerns around accounting for the global minimum
top-up
tax as outlined in the
two-pillar
plan for international tax reform developed by members of the Organisation for Economic
Co-operation
and Development/G20 Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting. The amendment to IAS 12 includes temporary mandatory relief from recognizing and disclosing deferred taxes related to the
top-up
tax. We have applied the temporary mandatory relief related to deferred taxes in jurisdictions in which we operate where the
top-up
tax legislation has been enacted or substantively enacted. The minimum tax rules in these jurisdictions are not yet effective for us and we continue to assess their financial impact. The global minimum tax rules will be effective for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2024.
IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosure in the Financial Statements
In April 2024, the IASB issued IFRS 18
Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements
(IFRS 18), which will replace IAS 1
Presentation of Financial Statements
, and will be effective for our fiscal year beginning November 1, 2027. IFRS 18 requires changes to how information is grouped and presented in the financial statements, and requires that certain management performance measures be included in the financial statements. We are currently assessing the impact of the standard on the presentation of our consolidated financial statements.
 
60
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Note 2: Securities
Classification of Securities
The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of the bank’s securities by classification:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
Trading securities (1)
 
$
168,099
 
   $ 123,718  
Fair value through profit or loss securities (FVTPL)
     
FVTPL securities mandatorily measured at fair value
  
 
6,683
 
     6,730  
FVTPL investment securities held by Insurance subsidiaries designated at fair value
  
 
11,854
 
     10,003  
Total FVTPL securities
  
 
18,537
 
     16,733  
Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) securities (2)
  
 
81,456
 
     62,819  
Amortized cost securities (3)
  
 
117,869
 
     116,814  
Investments in associates and joint ventures
  
 
1,653
 
     1,461  
Total
  
$
    387,614
  
   $   321,545  
 
 (1)
Trading securities include interests of $11,376 million as at July 31, 2024 ($3,346 million as at October 31, 2023) in Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMO). We receive CMO in return for our sales of Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS) to certain structured vehicles that we do not consolidate. When we subsequently sell these CMO to third parties, but do not transfer substantially all risks and rewards of ownership to the third-party investor, or we maintain an interest in the sold instrument, we retain these CMO on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Refer to Note 7 of our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2023 for further discussion on these vehicles.
 (2)
Amounts are net of ACL of $4 million ($3 million as at October 31, 2023).
 (3)
Amounts are net of ACL of $3 million ($3 million as at October 31, 2023).
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
Amortized Cost Securities
The following table summarizes the carrying value and fair value of amortized cost debt
securities:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
  
  
Carrying value
 
  
Fair value
 
  
Carrying value
 
 
Fair value
 
Issued or guaranteed by:
  
  
  
 
Canadian federal government
  
$
3,299
 
  
$
3,278
 
$
4,908
 
 
$
4,905
 
Canadian provincial and municipal governments
  
 
4,378
 
  
 
4,379
 
 
 
4,613
 
 
 
4,605
 
U.S. federal government
  
 
55,666
 
  
 
51,414
 
 
 
56,878
 
 
 
51,063
 
U.S. states, municipalities and agencies
  
 
185
 
  
 
184
 
 
 
190
 
 
 
179
 
Other governments
  
 
862
 
  
 
846
 
 
 
948
 
 
 
779
 
NHA MBS, U.S. agency MBS and CMO (1)
  
 
43,886
 
  
 
39,945
 
 
 
47,590
 
 
 
41,134
 
Corporate debt
  
 
9,593
 
  
 
9,564
 
 
 
1,687
 
 
 
1,506
 
Total
  
$
   117,869
 
  
$
       109,610
 
$
     116,814
  
 
$
  104,171
 
 
 (1)
These amounts are either supported by insured mortgages or issued by U.S. agencies and government-sponsored enterprises. NHA refers to the National Housing Act.
 The carrying value of securities that are part of fair value hedging relationships are adjusted for related gains (losses) on hedge contracts.
Unrealized Gains and Losses on FVOCI Securities
The following table summarizes the unrealized gains and losses on FVOCI securities:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
  
  
Cost or
amortized
cost
 
  
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
  
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
 
Fair value
 
  
Cost or
amortized
cost
 
  
Gross
unrealized
gains
 
  
Gross
unrealized
losses
 
 
Fair value
 
Issued or guaranteed by:
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Canadian federal government
  
$
28,029
 
  
$
 
278
 
  
$
(18
)
 
  
$
28,289
 
   $ 20,579      $ 14      $ (493   $ 20,100  
Canadian provincial and municipal governments
  
 
5,831
 
  
 
88
 
  
 
(27
)
  
 
5,892
 
     5,281        2        (228     5,055  
U.S. federal government
  
 
12,019
 
  
 
223
 
  
 
(70
)
  
 
12,172
 
     6,245        -        (365     5,880  
U.S. states, municipalities and agencies
  
 
5,050
 
  
 
23
 
  
 
(72
)
  
 
5,001
 
     5,486        5        (190     5,301  
Other governments
  
 
5,764
 
  
 
29
 
  
 
(8
)
  
 
5,785
 
     7,064        13        (108     6,969  
NHA MBS, U.S. agency MBS and CMO
  
 
19,825
 
  
 
87
 
  
 
(274
)
  
 
19,638
 
     16,421        12        (668     15,765  
Corporate debt
  
 
4,458
 
  
 
73
 
  
 
(29
)
  
 
4,502
 
     3,676        3        (90     3,589  
Corporate equity
  
 
134
 
  
 
43
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
177
 
     129        31        -       160  
Total
  
$
    81,110
 
  
$
    844
 
  
$
    (498
)
  
$
   81,456
 
   $    64,881      $       80      $     (2,142   $    62,819  
 Unrealized gains (losses) may be offset by related (losses) gains on hedge contracts.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
Interest Income on Debt Securities
The following table presents interest income calculated using the effective interest
method:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
July 31, 2023
 
 
July 31, 2024
 
  
July 31, 2023
 
FVOCI securities
  
$
946
 
  
$
689
 
 
$
2,789
 
$
1,812
 
Amortized cost securities
  
 
988
 
  
 
991
 
 
 
3,017
 
 
 
2,406
 
Total
  
$
        1,934
 
  
$
    1,680
  
 
$
        5,806
 
 
$
   4,218
 
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
61
 

Non-Interest
Revenue
Net gains and losses from securities, excluding gains and losses on trading securities, have been included in our Consolidated Statement of Income as follows:

 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
July 31, 2023
 
 
July 31, 2024
 
 
July 31, 2023
 
FVTPL securities
  
$
23
 
   $ 34    
$
55
 
$ 111  
FVOCI securities - net realized gains (1)
  
 
26
 
     2    
 
89
 
    35  
Impairment on FVOCI and amortized cost securities
  
 
-
 
     -    
 
(1
)
 
    -  
Securities gains, other than trading
  
$
 
 
     49
 
   $        36     
$
     143
 
  $      146  
 
 (1)
Gains are net of (losses) on hedge contracts.
Interest and dividend income and gains on securities held in our Insurance business are recorded in
non-interest
revenue, insurance investment results, in our Consolidated Statement of Income as follows:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
July 31, 2023
 
 
July 31, 2024
 
 
July 31, 2023
 
Interest and dividend income
  
$
127
 
   $ 117    
$
385
  $ 334  
Gains (losses) from securities designated at FVTPL
  
 
560
 
     (280  
 
1,166
 
    329  
Realized gains from FVOCI securities
  
 
1
 
     -    
 
1
 
    1  
Total interest and dividend income and gains held in our Insurance business
  
$
     688
 
   $      (163  
$
   1,552
  $      664  
 
6
2
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Note 3: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
Credit Risk Exposure
The following table sets out our credit risk exposure for all loans carried at amortized cost, FVOCI or FVTPL as at July 31, 2024 and October 31, 2023. Stage 1 represents performing loans carried with up to a
12-month
ECL, Stage 2 represents performing loans carried with a lifetime ECL, and Stage 3 represents loans with a lifetime ECL that are credit impaired.
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
July 31, 2024
    October 31, 2023  
     
Stage 1
   
Stage 2
   
Stage 3 
(1)
   
Total
    Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3 (1)     Total  
Loans: Residential mortgages
                
Exceptionally low
  
$
1
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
1
 
  $ 2     $ -     $ -     $ 2  
Very low
  
 
83,763
 
 
 
7,550
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
91,313
 
    85,423       171       -       85,594  
Low
  
 
48,857
 
 
 
15,495
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
64,352
 
    51,366       10,820       -       62,186  
Medium
  
 
6,905
 
 
 
5,250
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
12,155
 
    5,289       5,434       -       10,723  
High
  
 
263
 
 
 
2,550
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
2,813
 
    282       2,015       -       2,297  
Not rated (2)
  
 
14,292
 
 
 
969
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
15,261
 
    15,906       118       -       16,024  
Impaired
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
617
 
 
 
617
 
    -       -       424       424  
Gross residential mortgages
  
 
154,081
 
 
 
31,814
 
 
 
617
 
 
 
186,512
 
    158,268       18,558       424       177,250  
ACL
  
 
53
 
 
 
191
 
 
 
8
 
 
 
252
 
    73       146       5       224  
Carrying amount
  
 
154,028
 
 
 
31,623
 
 
 
609
 
 
 
186,260
 
    158,195       18,412       419       177,026  
Loans: Consumer instalment and other personal
                
Exceptionally low
  
 
8,724
 
 
 
237
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
8,961
 
    1,547       4       -       1,551  
Very low
  
 
20,269
 
 
 
1,229
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
21,498
 
    37,924       180       -       38,104  
Low
  
 
26,095
 
 
 
5,020
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
31,115
 
    21,406       1,052       -       22,458  
Medium
  
 
7,695
 
 
 
5,341
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
13,036
 
    7,971       5,686       -       13,657  
High
  
 
766
 
 
 
1,918
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
2,684
 
    759       2,127       -       2,886  
Not rated (2)
  
 
14,341
 
 
 
343
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
14,684
 
    24,426       411       -       24,837  
Impaired
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
577
 
 
 
577
 
    -       -       549       549  
Gross consumer instalment and other personal
  
 
77,890
 
 
 
14,088
 
 
 
577
 
 
 
92,555
 
    94,033       9,460       549       104,042  
ACL
  
 
165
 
 
 
384
 
 
 
162
 
 
 
711
 
    208       415       152       775  
Carrying amount
  
 
77,725
 
 
 
13,704
 
 
 
415
 
 
 
91,844
 
    93,825       9,045       397       103,267  
Loans: Credit cards
(3)
                
Exceptionally low
  
 
1,670
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1,670
 
    1,605       -       -       1,605  
Very low
  
 
2,122
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
2,123
 
    1,946       1       -       1,947  
Low
  
 
2,078
 
 
 
51
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
2,129
 
    1,884       70       -       1,954  
Medium
  
 
4,514
 
 
 
801
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
5,315
 
    3,860       890       -       4,750  
High
  
 
741
 
 
 
844
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1,585
 
    533       763       -       1,296  
Not rated (2)
  
 
466
 
 
 
149
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
615
 
    651       91       -       742  
Impaired
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Gross credit cards
  
 
11,591
 
 
 
1,846
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
13,437
 
    10,479       1,815       -       12,294  
ACL
  
 
153
 
 
 
360
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
513
 
    134       267       -       401  
Carrying amount
  
 
11,438
 
 
 
1,486
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
12,924
 
    10,345       1,548       -       11,893  
Loans: Business and government
(4)
                
Acceptable
                
Investment grade
  
 
194,063
 
 
 
3,230
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
197,293
 
    202,731       3,886       -       206,617  
Sub-investment
grade
  
 
147,342
 
 
 
15,752
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
163,094
 
    126,535       26,260       -       152,795  
Watchlist
  
 
263
 
 
 
19,994
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
20,257
 
    1,078       11,520       -       12,598  
Impaired
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
4,847
 
 
 
4,847
 
    -       -       2,987       2,987  
Gross business and government
  
 
341,668
 
 
 
38,976
 
 
 
4,847
 
 
 
385,491
 
    330,344       41,666       2,987       374,997  
ACL
  
 
690
 
 
 
1,295
 
 
 
815
 
 
 
2,800
 
    849       1,031       527       2,407  
Carrying amount
  
 
340,978
 
 
 
37,681
 
 
 
4,032
 
 
 
382,691
 
    329,495       40,635       2,460       372,590  
Total gross loans and acceptances
  
 
585,230
 
 
 
86,724
 
 
 
6,041
 
 
 
677,995
 
    593,124       71,499       3,960       668,583  
Total net loans and acceptances
  
 
584,169
 
 
 
84,494
 
 
 
5,056
 
 
 
673,719
 
    591,860       69,640       3,276       664,776  
Commitments and financial guarantee contracts
                
Acceptable
                
Investment grade
  
 
195,684
 
 
 
315
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
195,999
 
    195,149       1,721       -       196,870  
Sub-investment
grade
  
 
65,476
 
 
 
6,290
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
71,766
 
    54,148       14,158       -       68,306  
Watchlist
  
 
60
 
 
 
8,214
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
8,274
 
    254       4,137       -       4,391  
Impaired
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
750
 
 
 
750
 
    -       -       687       687  
Gross commitments and financial guarantee contracts
  
 
261,220
 
 
 
14,819
 
 
 
750
 
 
 
276,789
 
    249,551       20,016       687       270,254  
ACL
  
 
218
 
 
 
230
 
 
 
26
 
 
 
474
 
    260       189       11       460  
Carrying amount (5) (6)
  
$
  261,002
  
 
$
   14,589
  
 
$
  724
  
 
$
  276,315
  
  $ 249,291      $   19,827      $      676      $ 269,794   
 
 (1)
Includes purchased credit impaired (PCI) loan balances.
 (2)
Includes purchased portfolios and certain cases where an internal risk rating is not assigned. Alternative credit risk assessments, rating methodologies, policies and tools are used to manage credit risk for these portfolios.
 (3)
Credit card loans are immediately written off when principal or interest payments are 180 days past due, and as a result are not reported as impaired in Stage 3.
 (4)
Includes customers’ liability under acceptances.
 (5)
Represents total contractual amounts of undrawn credit facilities and other
off-balance
sheet exposures, excluding personal lines of credit and credit cards that are unconditionally cancellable at our discretion.
 (6)
Certain commercial borrower commitments are conditional and may include recourse to counterparties.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
Allowance for Credit Losses
The ACL recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet is maintained at a level we consider adequate to absorb credit-related losses on our loans and other credit instruments. The ACL amounted to $4,750 million as at July 31, 2024 ($4,267 million as at October 31, 2023) of which $4,276 million ($3,807 million as at October 31, 2023) was recorded in loans and $474 million ($460 million as at October 31, 2023) was recorded in other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Significant changes in gross balances, including originations, maturities, sales, write-offs and repayments in the normal course of operations, impact the ACL.
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
63
 

The following tables show the continuity in the loss
allowance
by product type for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023. Transfers represent the amount of ECL that moved between stages during the period, for example, moving from a
12-month
(Stage 1) to lifetime (Stage 2) ECL measurement basis. Net remeasurements represent the ECL impact due to transfers between stages, as well as changes in economic forecasts and credit quality. Model changes include new calculation models or methodologies.
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
       
For the three months ended
  
July 31, 2024
    July 31, 2023  
     
Stage 1
   
Stage 2
   
Stage 3 
(1)
   
Total
    Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3 (1)     Total  
Loans: Residential mortgages
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
47
 
 
$
209
 
 
$
13
 
 
$
269
 
  $ 77     $ 133     $ 8     $ 218  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
45
 
 
 
(46
 
 
1
 
 
 
-
 
    25       (25     -       -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(2
 
 
6
 
 
 
(4
 
 
-
 
    (4     7       (3     -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
-
 
 
 
(5
 
 
5
 
 
 
-
 
    -       (2     2       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(45
 
 
31
 
 
 
12
 
 
 
(2
    (26     59       9       42  
Loan originations
  
 
7
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
7
 
    8       -       -       8  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
-
 
 
 
(4
 
 
-
 
 
 
(4
    (1     (3     -       (4
Model changes
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Total PCL (2)
  
 
5
 
 
 
(18
 
 
14
 
 
 
1
 
    2       36       8       46  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(1
 
 
(1
    -       -       (1     (1
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
1
 
    -       -       2       2  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
1
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
(10
 
 
(8
    (1     (2     (7     (10
Balance as at end of period
  
$
53
 
 
$
192
 
 
$
17
 
 
$
262
 
  $ 78     $ 167     $ 10     $ 255  
Loans: Consumer instalment and other personal
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
166
 
 
$
394
 
 
$
169
 
 
$
729
 
  $ 257     $ 364     $ 130     $ 751  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
66
 
 
 
(62
 
 
(4
 
 
-
 
    66       (63     (3     -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(10
 
 
24
 
 
 
(14
 
 
-
 
    (15     27       (12     -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
(1
 
 
(35
 
 
36
 
 
 
-
 
    (3     (27     30       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(51
 
 
92
 
 
 
120
 
 
 
161
 
    (68     111       86       129  
Loan originations
  
 
11
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
11
 
    17       3       -       20  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
(5
 
 
(9
 
 
-
 
 
 
(14
    (7     (12     -       (19
Model changes
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Total PCL (2)
  
 
10
 
 
 
10
 
 
 
138
 
 
 
158
 
    (10     39       101       130  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(157
 
 
(157
    -       -       (98     (98
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
33
 
 
 
33
 
    -       -       19       19  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
1
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(15
 
 
(14
    (5     (3     (11     (19
Balance as at end of period
  
$
177
 
 
$
404
 
 
$
168
 
 
$
749
 
  $ 242     $ 400     $ 141     $ 783  
Loans: Credit cards
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
207
 
 
$
383
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
590
 
  $ 156     $ 270     $ -     $ 426  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
56
 
 
 
(56
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    41       (41     -       -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(16
 
 
16
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    (12     12       -       -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
(2
 
 
(83
 
 
85
 
 
 
-
 
    -       (43     43       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(41
 
 
149
 
 
 
73
 
 
 
181
 
    (33     88       54       109  
Loan originations
  
 
21
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
21
 
    20       1       -       21  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
(2
 
 
(7
 
 
-
 
 
 
(9
    (2     (6     -       (8
Model changes
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Total PCL (2)
  
 
16
 
 
 
19
 
 
 
158
 
 
 
193
 
    14       11       97       122  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(192
 
 
(192
    -       -       (115     (115
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
48
 
 
 
48
 
    -       -       28       28  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
(1
 
 
1
 
 
 
(14
 
 
(14
    (2     -       (10     (12
Balance as at end of period
  
$
222
 
 
$
403
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
625
 
  $ 168     $ 281     $ -     $ 449  
Loans: Business and government
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
884
 
 
$
1,353
 
 
$
653
 
 
$
2,890
 
  $ 1,162     $ 871     $ 405     $ 2,438  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
91
 
 
 
(86
 
 
(5
 
 
-
 
    74       (65     (9     -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(63
 
 
76
 
 
 
(13
 
 
-
 
    (52     61       (9     -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
(2
 
 
(73
 
 
75
 
 
 
-
 
    (2     (58     60       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(117
 
 
242
 
 
 
461
 
 
 
586
 
    (94     236       85       227  
Loan originations
  
 
70
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
70
 
    58       -       -       58  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
(35
 
 
(67
 
 
-
 
 
 
(102
    (27     (54     -       (81
Model changes
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    -       -       -       -  
Total PCL (2)
  
 
(56
 
 
92
 
 
 
518
 
 
 
554
 
    (43     120       127       204  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(293
 
 
(293
    -       -       (91     (91
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
24
 
 
 
24
 
    -       -       10       10  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
(1
 
 
16
 
 
 
(76
 
 
(61
    (42     (4     (16     (62
Balance as at end of period
  
$
827
 
 
$
1,461
 
 
$
826
 
 
$
3,114
 
  $ 1,077     $ 987     $ 435     $ 2,499  
Total as at end of period
  
$
1,279
 
 
$
2,460
 
 
$
1,011
 
 
$
4,750
 
  $ 1,565     $ 1,835     $ 586     $ 3,986  
Comprising: Loans
  
$
    1,061
 
 
$
    2,230
 
 
$
  985
 
 
$
    4,276
 
  $    1,296      $    1,648      $       576     $    3,520   
Other credit instruments (4)
  
 
218
 
 
 
230
 
 
 
26
 
 
 
474
 
    269       187       10       466  
 
 (1)
Includes changes in the allowance for PCI loans.
 (2)
Excludes PCL on other assets of $
nil
million for the three months ended July 31, 2024 ($(
10
) million for the three months ended July 31, 2023).
 (3)
Generally, we continue to seek recovery on amounts that were written off during the year, unless the loan is sold, we no longer have the right to collect or we have exhausted all reasonable efforts to collect.
 (4)
Other credit instruments, including
off-balance
sheet items, are recorded in other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 
6
4
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

(Canadian $ in millions)
       
For the nine months ended
  
July 31, 2024
    July 31, 2023  
     
Stage 1
   
Stage 2
   
Stage 3
(1)
   
Total
    Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3 (1)     Total  
Loans: Residential mortgages
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
73
 
 
$
151
 
 
$
10
 
 
$
234
 
  $ 59     $ 67     $ 16     $ 142  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
98
 
 
 
(98
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    64       (64     -       -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(24
 
 
34
 
 
 
(10
 
 
-
 
    (15     22       (7     -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
-
 
 
 
(19
 
 
19
 
 
 
-
 
    (1     (8     9       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(108
 
 
138
 
 
 
24
 
 
 
54
 
    (58     93       9       44  
Loan originations
  
 
17
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
17
 
    21       -       -       21  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    31       -       -       31  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
(2
 
 
(9
 
 
-
 
 
 
(11
    (3     (5     -       (8
Model changes
  
 
(1
 
 
(5
 
 
-
 
 
 
(6
    (19     63       -       44  
Total PCL (2)
  
 
(20
 
 
41
 
 
 
33
 
 
 
54
 
    20       101       11       132  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(4
 
 
(4
    -       -       (6     (6
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
4
 
 
 
4
 
    -       -       5       5  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(26
 
 
(26
    (1     (1     (16     (18
Balance as at end of period
  
$
53
 
 
$
192
 
 
$
17
 
 
$
262
 
  $ 78     $ 167     $ 10     $ 255  
Loans: Consumer instalment and other personal
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
220
 
 
$
434
 
 
$
152
 
 
$
806
 
  $ 111     $ 304     $ 102     $ 517  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
237
 
 
 
(225
 
 
(12
 
 
-
 
    193       (185     (8     -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(31
 
 
66
 
 
 
(35
 
 
-
 
    (40     72       (32     -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
(5
 
 
(100
 
 
105
 
 
 
-
 
    (16     (71     87       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(202
 
 
209
 
 
 
322
 
 
 
329
 
    (177     313       209       345  
Loan originations
  
 
44
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
44
 
    44       4       -       48  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    179       -       -       179  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
(12
 
 
(25
 
 
(11
 
 
(48
    (20     (26     -       (46
Model changes
  
 
15
 
 
 
46
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
61
 
    (26     (8     -       (34
Total PCL (2)
  
 
46
 
 
 
(29
 
 
369
 
 
 
386
 
    137       99       256       492  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(472
 
 
(472
    -       -       (242     (242
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
156
 
 
 
156
 
    -       -       48       48  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
(89
 
 
(1
 
 
(37
 
 
(127
    (6     (3     (23     (32
Balance as at end of period
  
$
177
 
 
$
404
 
 
$
168
 
 
$
749
 
  $ 242     $ 400     $ 141     $ 783  
Loans: Credit cards
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
188
 
 
$
308
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
496
 
  $ 115     $ 250     $ -     $ 365  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
172
 
 
 
(172
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    126       (126     -       -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(43
 
 
43
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    (32     32       -       -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
(4
 
 
(199
 
 
203
 
 
 
-
 
    (2     (116     118       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(146
 
 
434
 
 
 
235
 
 
 
523
 
    (116     258       135       277  
Loan originations
  
 
58
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
58
 
    59       1       -       60  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    25       -       -       25  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
(6
 
 
(20
 
 
-
 
 
 
(26
    (5     (17     -       (22
Model changes
  
 
4
 
 
 
9
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
13
 
    -       -       -       -  
Total PCL (2)
  
 
35
 
 
 
95
 
 
 
438
 
 
 
568
 
    55       32       253       340  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(523
 
 
(523
    -       -       (299     (299
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
123
 
 
 
123
 
    -       -       70       70  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
(38
 
 
(39
    (2     (1     (24     (27
Balance as at end of period
  
$
222
 
 
$
403
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
625
 
  $ 168     $ 281     $ -     $ 449  
Loans: Business and government
                
Balance as at beginning of period
  
$
1,043
 
 
$
1,155
 
 
$
533
 
 
$
2,731
 
  $ 746     $ 789     $ 439     $ 1,974  
Transfer to Stage 1
  
 
478
 
 
 
(458
 
 
(20
 
 
-
 
    212       (199     (13     -  
Transfer to Stage 2
  
 
(237
 
 
268
 
 
 
(31
 
 
-
 
    (124     180       (56     -  
Transfer to Stage 3
  
 
(6
 
 
(226
 
 
232
 
 
 
-
 
    (19     (109     128       -  
Net remeasurement of loss allowance
  
 
(551
 
 
851
 
 
 
949
 
 
 
1,249
 
    (286     449       193       356  
Loan originations
  
 
217
 
 
 
8
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
225
 
    199       3       -       202  
Loan purchases
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
    470       -       -       470  
Derecognitions and maturities
  
 
(119
 
 
(231
 
 
(11
 
 
(361
    (105     (147     -       (252
Model changes
  
 
53
 
 
 
57
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
110
 
    -       (1     -       (1
Total PCL (2)
  
 
(165
 
 
269
 
 
 
1,119
 
 
 
1,223
 
    347       176       252       775  
Write-offs (3)
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(737
 
 
(737
    -       -       (234     (234
Recoveries of previous write-offs
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
114
 
 
 
114
 
    -       -       35       35  
Foreign exchange and other
  
 
(51
 
 
37
 
 
 
(203
 
 
(217
    (16     22       (57     (51
Balance as at end of period
  
$
827
 
 
$
1,461
 
 
$
826
 
 
$
3,114
 
  $ 1,077     $ 987     $ 435     $ 2,499  
Total as at end of period
  
$
1,279
 
 
$
2,460
 
 
$
1,011
 
 
$
4,750
 
  $ 1,565     $ 1,835     $ 586     $ 3,986  
Comprising: Loans
  
$
    1,061
 
 
$
    2,230
 
 
$
   985
 
 
$
    4,276
 
  $     1,296     $    1,648     $      576     $     3,520  
Other credit instruments (4)
  
 
218
 
 
 
230
 
 
 
26
 
 
 
474
 
    269       187       10       466  
 
 (1)
Includes changes in the allowance for PCI loans.
 (2)
Excludes PCL on other assets of $
7
million for the nine months ended July 31, 2024 ($(
7
) million for the nine months ended July 31, 2023).
 (3)
Generally, we continue to seek recovery on amounts that were written off during the year, unless the loan is sold, we no longer have the right to collect or we have exhausted all reasonable efforts to collect.
 (4)
Other credit instruments, including
off-balance
sheet items, are recorded in other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
6
5
 

Purchased Loans
As part of our acquisition of Bank of the West, we identified loans purchased as either purchased performing loans or PCI loans. As at July 31, 2024, purchased performing loans recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet totalled $47,629 million ($68,025 million as at October 31, 2023), including a remaining fair value mark of $(1,587) million ($(2,317) million as at October 31, 2023). As at July 31, 2024, PCI loans recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet totalled $139 million ($219 million as at October 31, 2023), including a remaining fair value mark of $(25) million ($(61) million as at October 31, 2023).
Loans Past Due Not Impaired
Loans that are past due but not classified as impaired are loans where our customers have failed to make payments when contractually due but for which we expect the full amount of principal and interest payments to be collected, or loans which are held at fair value. The following table presents loans that are past due but not classified as impaired as at July 31, 2024 and October 31, 2023. Loans less than 30 days past due are excluded as they are not generally representative of the borrower’s ability to meet their payment
obligations.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
  
  
30 to 89 days
 
  
90 days or more 
(1)
 
  
Total
 
  
30 to 89 days
 
  
90 days or more (1)
 
  
Total
 
Residential mortgages
  
$
763
 
  
$
8
 
  
$
771
 
  
$
707
 
  
$
9
 
  
$
716
 
Consumer instalment and other personal
  
 
724
 
  
 
160
 
  
 
884
 
  
 
1,003
 
  
 
129
 
  
 
1,132
 
Business and government
  
 
790
 
  
 
10
 
  
 
800
 
  
 
826
 
  
 
18
 
  
 
844
 
Total
  
$
   2,277
 
  
$
   178
 
  
$
  2,455
 
  
$
2,536
 
  
$
156
 
  
$
  2,692
 
 
 (1)
Fully secured loans with amounts between 90 and 180 days past due that we have not classified as impaired totalled $8 million and $10
 
million as at July 31, 2024 and October 31, 2023, respectively.
ECL Sensitivity and Key Economic Variables
The ECL model requires the recognition of credit losses generally based on 12 months of expected losses for performing loans and the recognition of lifetime losses on performing loans that have experienced a significant increase in credit risk since origination.
The allowance for performing loans is sensitive to changes in both economic forecasts and the probability-weight assigned to each forecast scenario. Many of the factors have a high degree of interdependency, although there is no single factor to which loan loss allowances as a whole are sensitive.
The upside scenario as at July 31, 2024 assumes a stronger economic environment than the base case forecast, with lower unemployment rates.
As at July 31, 2024, our base case scenario depicts a relatively weak economic environment in the near-term, largely in response to higher interest rates and tighter lending conditions, and a moderate economic recovery over the medium-term as inflation is expected to ease further and lead to lower interest rates. Our base case forecast as at October 31, 2023 broadly depicted a similar economic environment over the projection period though with generally weaker financial conditions. If we assumed a
100% weight on the base case forecast and included the impact of loan migration by restaging, with other assumptions held constant, including the application of experienced credit judgment, the allowance on performing loans would be approximately $2,225 million as at July 31, 2024 ($2,625 million as at October 31, 2023), compared to the reported allowance for performing loans of $3,739 million ($3,572 million as at October 31, 2023).
In the second quarter of fiscal 2024, we added a fourth scenario reflecting a less severe downside which improves the continuum of economic forecasts used in the allowance estimation. As at July 31, 2024, our downside scenario assumes a significant escalation of the Ukraine war and a sharp contraction in the Canadian and U.S. economies in the near-term, followed by a relatively slow recovery. Our severe downside scenario depicts a deeper contraction in the Canadian and U.S. economies than in the downside scenario. The severe downside scenario as at October 31, 2023 broadly depicted a similar economic environment over the projection period. If we assumed a 100%
severe downside economic forecast and included the impact of loan migration by restaging, with other assumptions held constant, including the application of experienced credit judgment, the allowance on performing loans would be approximately
$
6,875
million as at July 31, 2024 (
$
6,025
 
million as at October 31, 2023), compared to the reported allowance for performing loans of
$
3,739
million ($
3,572
 million as at October 31, 2023).
Actual results in a recession will differ as our portfolio will change through time due to migration, growth, risk mitigation actions and other factors. In addition, our allowance will reflect the four economic scenarios used in assessing the allowance, with often unequal weightings attached to each scenario that can change through time.
 
6
6
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

The following tables show the key economic variables used to estimate the allowance on performing loans forecast over the next 12 months or lifetime measurement period. While the values disclosed below are national variables, we use regional variables in the underlying models and consider factors impacting particular industries where
appropriate.
 
  
 
As at July 31, 2024
 
  
 
Scenarios
 
All figures are average annual values
 
Upside
 
 
Base
 
 
Downside
 
 
Severe downside
 
  
 
First 12
months
 
 
Remaining
horizon 
(1)
 
 
First 12 
months 
 
 
Remaining
horizon 
(1)
 
 
First 12 
months 
 
 
Remaining 
horizon 
(1)
 
 
First 12 
months 
 
 
Remaining 
horizon 
(1)
 
Real GDP growth rates (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
 
 
4.4%
 
 
 
2.7%
 
 
 
1.7% 
 
 
 
1.9%
 
 
 
(2.5)%
 
 
 
1.3% 
 
 
 
(3.8)%
 
 
 
1.2% 
 
United States
 
 
4.0%
 
 
 
2.4%
 
 
 
1.6% 
 
 
 
1.9%
 
 
 
(2.3)%
 
 
 
1.4% 
 
 
 
(3.5)%
 
 
 
1.3% 
 
Corporate BBB
10-year
spread
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
 
 
1.3%
 
 
 
1.8%
 
 
 
1.9% 
 
 
 
2.0%
 
 
 
3.6% 
 
 
 
3.0% 
 
 
 
4.2% 
 
 
 
3.5% 
 
United States
 
 
0.7%
 
 
 
1.6%
 
 
 
1.5% 
 
 
 
2.0%
 
 
 
3.4% 
 
 
 
3.1% 
 
 
 
4.6% 
 
 
 
3.6% 
 
Unemployment rates
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
Canada
 
 
4.9%
 
 
 
4.4%
 
 
 
6.4% 
 
 
 
5.7%
 
 
 
8.7% 
 
 
 
9.3% 
 
 
 
9.4% 
 
 
 
10.2% 
 
United States
 
 
3.2%
 
 
 
2.8%
 
 
 
4.2% 
 
 
 
4.0%
 
 
 
6.6% 
 
 
 
7.1% 
 
 
 
7.7% 
 
 
 
8.5% 
 
Housing Price Index (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada (3)
 
 
3.9%
 
 
 
6.0%
 
 
 
(0.4)%
 
 
 
3.5%
 
 
 
(13.3)%
 
 
 
(1.0)%
 
 
 
(20.7)%
 
 
 
(5.0)%
 
United States (4)
 
 
6.1%
 
 
 
4.1%
 
 
 
3.0% 
 
 
 
2.6%
 
 
 
(9.4)%
 
 
 
(0.9)%
 
 
 
(19.1)%
 
 
 
(4.3)%
 
  
 
As at October 31, 2023
 
  
 
Scenarios
 
All figures are average annual values
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
Upside
 
 
Base
 
 
Severe downside
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
First 12 
months 
 
 
Remaining
horizon (1)
 
 
First 12 
months 
 
 
Remaining 
horizon (1) 
 
 
First 12
months
 
 
Remaining 
horizon (1) 
 
Real GDP growth rates (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
 
 
 
 
3.2% 
 
 
 
2.6%
 
 
 
0.4% 
 
 
 
1.9% 
 
 
 
(3.9)%
 
 
 
1.2% 
 
United States
 
 
 
 
4.1% 
 
 
 
2.5%
 
 
 
1.4% 
 
 
 
2.0% 
 
 
 
(3.5)%
 
 
 
1.4% 
 
Corporate BBB
10-year
spread
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
 
 
 
 
1.7% 
 
 
 
1.8%
 
 
 
2.4% 
 
 
 
2.0% 
 
 
 
4.2% 
 
 
 
3.5% 
 
United States
 
 
 
 
1.4% 
 
 
 
1.7%
 
 
 
2.2% 
 
 
 
2.1% 
 
 
 
4.6% 
 
 
 
3.5% 
 
Unemployment rates
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
 
 
 
 
4.2% 
 
 
 
3.7%
 
 
 
5.9% 
 
 
 
5.7% 
 
 
 
9.3% 
 
 
 
10.1% 
 
United States
 
 
 
 
2.9% 
 
 
 
2.5%
 
 
 
4.2% 
 
 
 
4.1% 
 
 
 
7.5% 
 
 
 
8.3% 
 
Housing Price Index (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canada (3)
 
 
 
 
9.9% 
 
 
 
6.9%
 
 
 
5.5% 
 
 
 
4.5% 
 
 
 
(20.2)%
 
 
 
(5.0)%
 
United States (4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.7% 
 
 
 
3.7%
 
 
 
(0.5)%
 
 
 
2.3% 
 
 
 
(19.2)%
 
 
 
(4.3)%
 
 
 (1)
The remaining forecast period is two years.
 (2)
Real gross domestic product (GDP) and housing price index are averages of quarterly year-over-year growth rates.
 (3)
In Canada, we use the Housing Price Index Benchmark Composite.
 (4)
In the United States, we use the National Case-Shiller House Price Index.
The ECL approach requires the recognition of credit losses generally based on 12 months of expected losses for performing loans (Stage 1) and the recognition of lifetime expected losses for performing loans that have experienced a significant increase in credit risk since origination (Stage 2). Under our current probability-weighted scenarios, if all our performing loans were in Stage 1, our models would generate an allowance for performing loans of approximately $2,725 million ($2,800 million as at October 31, 2023), compared to the reported allowance for performing loans of $3,739 million ($3,572 million as at October 31, 2023).
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
6
7
 

Note 4: Deposits and Subordinated Debt
Deposits
 
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
 
  
Payable on demand
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
 Interest bearing
 
  
Non-interest 
bearing 
 
  
Payable
after notice 
(1)
 
 
Payable on a
fixed date 
(2) (3)
 
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
Deposits by:
  
  
  
 
  
  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
                  
Banks (4)
  
$

4,185
 
  
$

1,540
 
 
$
1,527
 
  
$
22,344
 
  
$
29,596
 
    $ 29,587  
Business and government
  
 
68,507
 
  
 
39,971
 
 
 
204,459
 
  
 
294,326
 
  
 
607,263
 
     575,957  
Individuals
  
 
3,671
 
  
 
33,959
 
 
 
138,331
 
  
 
152,419
 
  
 
328,380
 
     305,335  
Total (5)
  
$
76,363
 
  
$
75,470
 
 
$
   344,317
 
  
$
469,089
 
  
$
     965,239
 
    $ 910,879  
Booked in:
                     
Canada
  
$
65,553
 
  
$
64,761
 
 
$
143,334
 
  
$
    328,469
 
  
$
602,117
 
    $ 564,412  
United States
  
 
10,691
 
  
 
10,708
 
 
 
198,739
 
  
 
95,055
 
  
 
315,193
 
     301,064  
Other countries
  
 
119
 
  
 
1
 
 
 
2,244
 
  
 
45,565
 
  
 
47,929
 
     45,403  
Total
  
$
76,363
 
  
$
75,470
 
 
$
344,317
 
  
$
469,089
 
  
$
965,239
 
    $      910,879  
 
 (1)
Includes $46,607 million of
non-interest
bearing deposits as at July 31, 2024 ($49,515 million as at October 31, 2023).
 (2)
Includes $64,189 million of senior unsecured debt as at July 31, 2024 subject to the Bank Recapitalization
(Bail-In)
regime ($63,925 million as at October 31, 2023). The
Bail-In
regime provides certain statutory powers to the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation, including the ability to convert specified eligible shares and liabilities into common shares if the bank becomes
non-viable.
 (3)
Deposits totalling $31,363 million as at July 31, 2024 ($30,852 million as at October 31, 2023) can be redeemed early, either fully or partially, by customers without penalty. These are classified as payable on a fixed date, based on their remaining contractual maturities.
 (4)
Includes regulated and central banks.
 (5)
Includes $506,950 million of deposits denominated in U.S. dollars as at July 31, 2024 ($492,404 million as at October 31, 2023), and $56,436 million of deposits denominated in other foreign currencies ($55,705 million as at October 31, 2023).
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
The following table presents deposits payable on a fixed date and greater than one hundred thousand dollars:

 

(Canadian $ in millions)
  
  
 
  
           
 
  
Canada
 
  
United States
 
  
Other
 
  
Total
 
As at July 31, 2024
  
 
         
 
  
   
 
  
$
     277,253
 
  
$
       84,052
 
  
$
      45,562
 
 
  
 
$
406,867
 
As at October 31, 2023
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     269,262        73,226        43,106             385,594  
The following table presents the maturity schedule for deposits payable on a fixed date greater than one hundred thousand dollars, which are booked in Canada:

 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
  
 
  
Less than 3 months 
 
  
3 to 6 months
 
  
6 to 12 months
 
  
Over 12 months
 
  
Total
 
As at July 31, 2024
  
 
         
 
  
$
  51,757
 
  
$
      39,244
 
  
$
       60,405
 
  
$
     125,847
 
 
 
$
277,253
 
As at October 31, 2023
 
 
 
 
     55,070        38,509        61,370            114,313            269,262  
Subordinated Debt
On Aug 12, 2024, we announced our intention to redeem all of our $1,000 million 2.88
% Series J Medium-Term Notes (non-viability contingent capital (NVCC)) First Tranche, at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount plus unpaid accrued interest to, but excluding, the redemption date on
September 17, 2024.
On July 3, 2024, we issued $
1,000 million of 4.976
% Series M Medium-Term Notes (NVCC) Second Tranche through our Canadian Medium-Term Note Program. The notes will reset to a floating rate on
July 3, 2029.
 
6
8
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Note 5: Equity
Preferred and Common Shares Outstanding and Other Equity Instruments
(1)
 
(Canadian $ in millions, except as noted)
 
July 31, 2024
 
 
October 31, 2023
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
Number
of shares
 
 
Amount
 
 
Dividends declared
per share
(2)
 
 
Number
of shares
 
 
Amount
 
 
Dividends declared
per share (2)
 
 
Convertible into
 
 
  
 
Preferred Shares - Classified as Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Class B – Series 27
 
 
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
0.48
 
    20,000,000     $ 500     $ 0.96       Class B - Series 28       (3) (4)  
Class B – Series 29
 
 
16,000,000
 
 
 
400
 
 
 
0.68
 
    16,000,000       400       0.91       Class B - Series 30       (3) (4)  
Class B – Series 31
 
 
12,000,000
 
 
 
300
 
 
 
0.72
 
    12,000,000       300       0.96       Class B - Series 32       (3) (4)  
Class B – Series 33
 
 
8,000,000
 
 
 
200
 
 
 
0.57
 
    8,000,000       200       0.76       Class B - Series 34       (3) (4)  
Class B – Series 44
 
 
16,000,000
 
 
 
400
 
 
 
1.28
 
    16,000,000       400       1.21       Class B - Series 45       (3) (4)  
Class B – Series 46
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
0.64
 
    14,000,000       350       1.28       Class B - Series 47       (3) (4)  
Class B – Series 50
 
 
500,000
 
 
 
500
 
 
 
36.87
 
    500,000       500       73.73       Not convertible       (4)  
Class B – Series 52
 
 
650,000
 
 
 
650
 
 
 
35.29
 
    650,000       650       57.52       Not convertible       (4)  
Preferred Shares - Classified as Equity
 
 
$
2,450
 
                  $ 3,300                          
                                               Recourse to         
Other Equity Instruments
               
4.800% Additional Tier 1 Capital Notes (AT1 Notes)
   
$
658
 
      $ 658         -       (4) (6)  
4.300% Limited Recourse Capital Notes, Series 1 (Series 1 LRCNs)
   
 
1,250
 
        1,250       Preferred Shares Series 48       (4) (5) (6)  
5.625% Limited Recourse Capital Notes, Series 2 (Series 2 LRCNs)
   
 
750
 
        750       Preferred Shares Series 49       (4) (5) (6)  
7.325% Limited Recourse Capital Notes, Series 3 (Series 3 LRCNs)
   
 
1,000
 
        1,000       Preferred Shares Series 51       (4) (5) (6)  
7.700% Limited Recourse Capital Notes, Series 4 (Series 4 LRCNs)
   
 
1,356
 
        -       Preferred Shares Series 53       (4) (5) (6)  
7.300% Limited Recourse Capital Notes, Series 5 (Series 5 LRCNs)
         
 
1,023
 
                    -       Preferred Shares Series 54       (4) (5) (6)  
Other Equity Instruments
         
 
6,037
 
                    3,658                          
Preferred Shares and Other Equity Instruments
         
 
  8,487
 
                      6,958                          
Common Shares
 
 
729,413,376
 
 
$
  23,911
 
 
$
4.57
 
    720,909,161     $ 22,941     $ 5.80               (7) (8) (9)  
 
 (1)
For additional information refer to Notes 16 and 20 of our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2023.
 (2)
Represents
year-to-date
dividends declared per share as at reporting date.
Non-cumulative
dividends on preferred shares are payable quarterly as and when declared by the Board of Directors, except for Class B – Series 50 and 52 preferred share dividends, which are payable semi-annually.
 (3)
If converted, the holders have the option to convert back to the original preferred shares on subsequent redemption dates, subject to certain conditions.
 (4)
The instruments issued include a NVCC provision, which is necessary for the preferred shares, AT1 Notes and by virtue of the recourse to the Preferred Shares Series 48, Preferred Shares Series 49, Preferred Shares Series 51, Preferred Shares Series 53 and Preferred Shares Series 54 (collectively, the LRCN Preferred Shares) for Series 1, Series 2, Series 3, Series 4 and Series 5 LRCNs (collectively, the LRCNs), respectively, to qualify as regulatory capital under Basel III. As such, they are convertible into a variable number of our common shares if OSFI announces that the bank is, or is about to become,
non-viable
or if a federal or provincial government in Canada publicly announces that the bank has accepted or agreed to accept a capital injection, or equivalent support, to avoid
non-viability.
In such an event, each preferred share, including the LRCN Preferred Shares and AT1 Notes, is convertible into common shares pursuant to an automatic conversion formula and a conversion price based on the greater of: (i) a floor price of $5.00 and (ii) the current market price of our common shares based on the volume weighted average trading price of our common shares on the TSX. The number of common shares issued is determined by dividing the value of the preferred share or other equity instrument, including declared and unpaid dividends, by the conversion price and then applying the multiplier.
 (5)
Non-deferrable
interest is payable semi-annually on the Series 1, Series 2 and Series 3 LRCNs and quarterly on the Series 4 and Series 5 LRCNs at the bank’s discretion.
Non-payment
of interest will result in a recourse event, with the noteholders’ sole remedy being the holders’ proportionate share of trust assets comprised of the LRCN Preferred Shares, each series of which is issued concurrently with the corresponding LRCNs and are eliminated on consolidation. In such an event, the delivery of the trust assets will represent the full and complete extinguishment of our obligations under the LRCNs. In circumstances where the LRCN Preferred Shares are converted into common shares of the bank under the NVCC provision, the LRCNs would be redeemed and the noteholders’ sole remedy would be their proportionate share of trust assets, then comprised of common shares of the bank received by the trust on conversion.
 (6)
The rates represent the annual interest rate percentage applicable to the notes issued as at the reporting date.
 (7)
The stock options issued under the Stock Option Plan are convertible into 6,726,164 common shares as at July 31, 2024 (6,312,576 common shares as at October 31, 2023) of which 3,028,132 are exercisable as at July 31, 2024 (2,759,935 as at October 31, 2023).
 (8)
During the three and nine months ended July 31, 2024, we issued nil and 7,790,724 common shares, under the Shareholder Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan (3,561,234 and 9,492,623 common shares during the three and nine months ended July 31, 2023) and we issued 160,277 and 639,980 common shares, under the Stock Option Plan (100,379 and 588,018 common shares during the three and nine months ended July 31, 2023).
 (9)
Common shares are net of nil treasury shares as at July 31, 2024 (73,511 treasury shares as at October 31, 2023).
Other Equity Instruments
On July 17, 2024, we issued US$750 million 7.300% Limited Recourse Capital Notes, Series 5. On March 8, 2024, we issued US$1,000 
million 7.700% Limited Recourse Capital Notes, Series 4. These issuances, together with our AT1
N
otes and existing LRCNs are classified as equity and form part of our additional Tier 1 NVCC. The AT1 Notes and LRCNs are compound financial instruments that have both equity and liability features. On the date of issuance, we assigned an insignificant value to the liability components of both instruments and, as a result, the full amount of proceeds has been classified as equity and form part of our additional Tier 1 NVCC. Distributions on the AT1 Notes and LRCNs are recognized as a reduction in equity when payable. The AT1 Notes and LRCNs are subordinate to the claims of the depositors and certain other creditors in right of payment.
Preferred Shares
On August 2
5
, 2024, we redeemed all of our outstanding 16 million
Non-Cumulative
5-year
Rate Reset Class B Preferred Shares, Series 29 (NVCC) for an aggregate total of $400 million. On May 25, 2024, we redeemed all of our outstanding 20 million
Non-Cumulative
5-year
Rate Reset Class B Preferred Shares, Series 27 (NVCC) for an aggregate total of $500 million. On May 25, 2024, we also redeemed all of our outstanding 14 million
Non-Cumulative
5-year
Rate Reset Class B Preferred Shares, Series 46 (NVCC) for an aggregate total of $350 million.
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
6
9
 

On October 19, 2023, we announced that we did not intend to exercise our right to redeem the current outstanding
Non-Cumulative
5-Year
Rate Reset Class B Preferred Shares, Series 44 (Preferred Shares Series 44) on November 25, 2023. As a result, subject to certain conditions, the holders of Preferred Shares Series 44 had the right, at their option, by November 10, 2023, to convert any or all of their Preferred Shares Series 44 on a
one-for-one
basis into
Non-Cumulative
Floating Rate Class B Preferred Shares, Series 45 (Preferred Shares Series 45). During the conversion period, which ran from October 25, 2023 to November 10, 2023, 93,870 Preferred Shares Series 44 were tendered for conversion into Preferred Shares Series 45, which is less than the minimum 1,000,000 required to give effect to the conversion, as described in the Preferred Shares Series 44 prospectus supplement dated September 10, 2018. As a result, no Preferred Shares Series 45 were issued and the holders of Preferred Shares Series 44 retained their shares. The dividend rate for the Preferred Shares Series 44 for the five-year period commencing on November 25, 2023 to, but excluding, November 25, 2028, is 6.816%.
Shareholder Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan
In the first and second quarter of 2024, common shares under the Shareholder Dividend Reinvestment and Share Purchase Plan (the Plan) were issued by the bank from treasury with a 2% discount, calculated in accordance with the terms of the Plan.
In the third quarter of 2024 and until further notice, common shares under the Plan will be purchased on the open market without a discount.
Non-Controlling
Interest
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries, relating to our acquisition of Bank of the West, was $31 million as at July 31, 2024 ($28 million as at October 31, 2023).
 
 
Note 6: Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value on the Balance Sheet
Set out in the following table are the amounts that would be reported if all financial instruments not currently carried at fair value were reported at their fair values. Refer to Note 17 of our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2023 for further discussion on the determination of fair value.
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
  
  
Carrying value
 
  
Fair value
 
  
Carrying value
 
  
Fair value
 
Securities
(1)
  
  
  
  
Amortized cost
  
$
  117,869
 
  
$
  109,610
 
   $   116,814      $   104,171  
           
Loans
(1) (2)
           
Residential mortgages
  
 
186,183
 
  
 
183,784
 
     175,350        167,863  
Consumer instalment and other personal
  
 
91,844
 
  
 
91,102
 
     103,267        101,023  
Credit cards
  
 
12,924
 
  
 
12,924
 
     11,893        11,893  
Business and government
  
 
369,027
 
  
 
368,725
 
     358,712        357,027  
  
 
659,978
 
  
 
656,535
 
     649,222        637,806  
           
Deposits
(3)
  
 
911,856
 
  
 
911,360
 
     875,034        871,776  
Securitization and structured entities’ liabilities
(4)
  
 
22,064
 
  
 
21,769
 
     24,631        23,739  
Other liabilities
(5)
  
 
4,139
 
  
 
3,586
 
     4,160        3,287  
Subordinated debt
  
 
9,321
 
  
 
9,430
 
     8,228        7,849  
 This table excludes financial instruments with a carrying value approximating fair value, such as cash and cash equivalents, interest bearing deposits with banks, securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements,
 customers’ liability under acceptances, certain other assets, certain other liabilities, acceptances and securities lent or sold under repurchase agreements.
 
 (1)
Carrying value is net of ACL.
 (2)
Excludes $77 million of residential mortgages classified as FVTPL, $13,112 million of business and government loans classified as FVTPL and $60 million of business and government loans classified as FVOCI ($1,676 million, $5,720 million and $58 million, respectively, as at October 31, 2023).
 (3)
Excludes $44,789 million of structured note liabilities, $7,562 million of money market deposits, $774 million of structured deposits and $258 million of metals deposits measured at fair value ($35,300 million, $nil million, $341 million and $204 million, respectively, as at October 31, 2023).
 (4)
Excludes $14,158 million of securitization and structured entities’ liabilities classified as FVTPL ($2,463 million as at October 31, 2023).
 (5)
Other liabilities include certain other liabilities of subsidiaries, other than deposits.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
Fair Value Hierarchy
We use a fair value hierarchy to categorize assets and liabilities carried at fair value according to the inputs we use in valuation techniques to measure fair value.
 
70
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Valuation Techniques and Significant Inputs
We determine the fair value of financial assets and liabilities using quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) when these are available. When quoted prices in active markets are not available, we determine the fair value of financial assets and liabilities using models such as discounted cash flows with observable market data for inputs, such as yields or broker quotes and other third-party vendor quotes (Level 2). Fair value may also be determined using models where significant market inputs are not observable due to inactive markets or minimal market activity (Level 3). We maximize the use of observable market inputs to the extent possible.
Our Level 2 trading securities are primarily valued using discounted cash flow models with observable spreads or broker quotes. The fair value of Level 2 FVOCI securities is determined using discounted cash flow models with observable spreads or third-party vendor quotes. Level 2 structured note liabilities are valued using models with observable market information. Level 2 derivative assets and liabilities are valued using industry standard models and observable market information.
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
71

The extent of our use of actively quoted market prices (Level 1), internal models using observable market information as inputs (Level 2) and models without observable market information as inputs (Level 3) in the valuation of securities, loans classified as FVTPL and FVOCI, other assets, fair value liabilities, derivative assets and derivative liabilities is presented in the following table:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
  
  
Valued using
quoted
market
prices
 
  
Valued using
models (with
observable
inputs)
 
  
Valued using
models (without
observable
inputs)
 
  
Total
 
  
Valued using
quoted
market
prices
 
  
Valued using
models (with
observable
inputs)
 
  
Valued using
models (without
observable
inputs)
 
  
Total
 
Trading Securities
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Issued or guaranteed by:
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Canadian federal government
  
$

1,458
 
  
$

11,191
 
  
$

-
 
  
$
  12,649
 
   $ 1,176      $ 10,194      $ -      $   11,370  
Canadian provincial and municipal governments
  
 
-
 
  
 
7,938
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
7,938
 
     -        7,169        -        7,169  
U.S. federal government
  
 
2,546
 
  
 
22,935
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
25,481
 
     3,593        16,539        -        20,132  
U.S. states, municipalities and agencies
  
 
-
 
  
 
911
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
911
 
     -        279        -        279  
Other governments
  
 
319
 
  
 
3,077
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
3,396
 
     20        2,521        -        2,541  
NHA MBS, and U.S. agency MBS and CMO
  
 
-
 
  
 
37,067
 
  
 
41
 
  
 
37,108
 
     -        21,517        -        21,517  
Corporate debt
  
 
-
 
  
 
13,422
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
13,422
 
     -        11,933        -        11,933  
Trading loans
  
 
-
 
  
 
739
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
739
 
     -        450        -        450  
Corporate equity
  
 
66,002
 
  
 
453
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
66,455
 
     48,094        196        37        48,327  
    
 
70,325
 
  
 
97,733
 
  
 
41
 
  
 
168,099
 
       52,883          70,798        37        123,718  
FVTPL Securities
                       
Issued or guaranteed by:
                       
Canadian federal government
  
 
81

 
  
 
269
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
350
 
    
4

       212        -        216  
Canadian provincial and municipal governments
  
 
-
 
  
 
1,507
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
1,507
 
     -        1,166        -        1,166  
U.S. federal government
  
 
2

 
  
 
1,670
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
1,672
 
    
2

       2,086        -        2,088  
Other governments
  
 
-
 
  
 
25
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
25
 
     -        48        -        48  
NHA MBS, and U.S. agency MBS and CMO
  
 
-
 
  
 
21
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
21
 
     -        19        -        19  
Corporate debt
  
 
-
 
  
 
8,558
 
  
 
36
 
  
 
8,594
 
     -        7,335        27        7,362  
Corporate equity
  
 
893
 
  
 
885
 
  
 
   4,590
 
  
 
6,368
 
     821        805        4,208        5,834  
    
 
976
 
  
 
12,935
 
  
 
4,626
 
  
 
18,537
 
     827        11,671        4,235        16,733  
FVOCI Securities
                       
Issued or guaranteed by:
                       
Canadian federal government
  
 
2,381

 
  
 
25,908
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
28,289
 
    
633

       19,468        -        20,101  
Canadian provincial and municipal governments
  
 
-
 
  
 
5,892
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
5,892
 
     -        5,054        -        5,054  
U.S. federal government
  
 
5

 
  
 
12,167
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
12,172
 
     -        5,880        -        5,880  
U.S. states, municipalities and agencies
  
 
-
 
  
 
5,001
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
5,001
 
     -        5,300        -        5,300  
Other governments
  
 
-
 
  
 
5,785
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
5,785
 
     -        6,969        -        6,969  
NHA MBS, and U.S. agency MBS and CMO
  
 
-
 
  
 
  19,638
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
19,638
 
     -        15,766        -        15,766  
Corporate debt
  
 
-
 
  
 
4,502
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
4,502
 
     -        3,589        -        3,589  
Corporate equity
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
177
 
  
 
177
 
     -        -        160        160  
    
 
2,386

 
  
 
78,893
 
  
 
177
 
  
 
81,456
 
    
633

       62,026        160        62,819  
Loans
                       
Residential mortgages
  
 
-
 
  
 
77
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
77
 
     -        1,676        -        1,676  
Business and government loans
  
 
-
 
  
 
12,906
 
  
 
266
 
  
 
13,172
 
     -        5,592        186        5,778  
    
 
-
 
  
 
12,983
 
  
 
266
 
  
 
13,249
 
     -        7,268        186        7,454  
Other Assets
(1)
  
 
   10,630
 
  
 
34
 
  
 
1,682
 
  
 
12,346
 
     6,020        33        1,723        7,776  
Fair Value Liabilities
(2)
                       
Deposits (3)
  
 
-
 
  
 
53,383
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
53,383
 
     -        35,845        -        35,845  
Securities sold but not yet purchased
  
 
9,640
 
  
 
30,327
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
39,967
 
     12,217        31,557        -        43,774  
Other liabilities (4)
  
 
1,664
 
  
 
15,064
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
16,728
 
     1,479        3,046        5        4,530  
    
 
11,304
 
  
 
98,774
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
110,078
 
     13,696        70,448        5        84,149  
Derivative Assets
                       
Interest rate contracts
  
 
23
 
  
 
9,025
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
9,048
 
     21        13,329        -        13,350  
Foreign exchange contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
14,511
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
14,511
 
     28        19,861        -        19,889  
Commodity contracts
  
 
176
 
  
 
1,940
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
2,116
 
     668        1,349        5        2,022  
Equity contracts
  
 
22
 
  
 
11,117
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
11,139
 
     58        4,632        -        4,690  
Credit default swaps
  
 
4
 
  
 
16
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
20
 
     -        25        -        25  
    
 
225
 
  
 
36,609
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
36,834
 
     775        39,196        5        39,976  
Derivative Liabilities
                       
Interest rate contracts
  
 
36
 
  
 
11,286
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
11,322
 
     52        17,749        -        17,801  
Foreign exchange contracts
  
 
65
 
  
 
13,872
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
13,937
 
     1        19,204        -        19,205  
Commodity contracts
  
 
229
 
  
 
1,983
 
  
 
2
 
  
 
2,214
 
     589        1,067        1        1,657  
Equity contracts
  
 
310
 
  
 
21,666
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
21,976
 
     160        11,335        8        11,503  
Credit default swaps
  
 
13
 
  
 
25
 
  
 
1
 
  
 
39
 
     -        25        2        27  
    
 
653
 
  
 
48,832
 
  
 
3
 
  
 
49,488
 
     802        49,380        11        50,193  
 
 (1)
Other assets include precious metals, segregated fund assets and investment properties in our insurance business, carbon credits, certain receivables and other items measured at fair value.
 (2)
Interest expense for liabilities carried at fair value is $726 million and $2,061 million for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2024, respectively ($650 million and $1,776 million for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2023, respectively). Interest expense for liabilities carried at amortized cost is $11,583 million and $33,030 million for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2024, respectively ($9,266 million and $24,458 million for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2023).
 (3)
Deposits include structured note liabilities, money market and metals deposits designated at FVTPL and certain embedded options related to structured deposits carried at amortized cost.
 (4)
Other liabilities include investment contract liabilities and segregated fund liabilities in our insurance business, as well as certain securitization and structured entities’ liabilities measured at FVTPL.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation and for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
7
2
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The table below presents the fair values of our significant Level 3 financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the valuation techniques used to determine their fair values and the value ranges of significant unobservable inputs used in the valuations. We have not applied any other reasonably possible alternative assumptions to the significant Level 3 categories of private equity investments, as the net asset values are provided by the investment or fund managers.
 
(Canadian $ in millions, except as noted)
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
July 31, 2024
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
Range of input values 
(1)
 
  
  
Reporting line in fair
value hierarchy table
  
Fair value
of assets
 
  
Valuation techniques
  
Significant
unobservable inputs
  
  
  
Low
 
  
High
 
Private equity
   Corporate equity   
$
4,590
 
   Net asset value    Net asset value      
 
na
 
  
 
na
 
         EV/EBITDA    Multiple      
 
4
 
  
 
23
 
Investment Properties
   Other assets - other   
 
1,381
 
   Discounted cash flows    Discount margin      
 
3%
 
  
 
7%
 
 
 (1)
The low and high input values represent the lowest and highest actual level of inputs used to value a group of financial instruments in a particular product category. These input ranges do not reflect the level of input uncertainty, but are affected by the specific underlying instruments within each product category. The input ranges will therefore vary from period to period based on the characteristics of the underlying instruments held at each balance sheet date.
 na – not applicable
Significant Transfers
Our policy is to record transfers of assets and liabilities between fair value hierarchy levels at their fair values as at the end of each reporting period, consistent with the date of the determination of fair value. Transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 are dependent on the recency of issuance and availability of quoted market prices in the active market.
During the three months ended July 31, 2024, transfers from Level 1 to Level 2 included total securities of
 
$
5,194
million and securities sold but not yet purchased of
$
1,039
million
. Transfers from Level 2 to Level 1 included total securities of
$882 million
and securities sold but not yet purchased of
$30 million.
During the nine months ended July 31, 2024, transfers from Level 1 to Level 2 included total securities of $2,253 million and securities sold but not yet purchased of $518 million. Transfers from Level 2 to Level 1 included total securities of $91 million and securities sold but not yet purchased of $11 million.
Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The tables below present a reconciliation of all changes in Level 3 financial instruments for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2024 and July 31, 2023, including realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings and other comprehensive income as well as transfers into and out of Level 3. Transfers from Level 2 into Level 3 were due to an increase in unobservable market inputs used in pricing the securities. Transfers out of Level 3 into Level 2 were due to an increase in observable market inputs used in pricing the securities.
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
7
3
 

           
Change in fair value
           
Movements
   
Transfers
                
For the three months ended July 31, 2024
(Canadian $ in millions)
   Balance
April 30,
2024
    
Included in
earnings
   
Included
in other
comprehensive
income
(1)
   
Issuances/
   Purchases
    
Sales
   
Maturities/
Settlement
   
Transfers
into
Level 3
    
Transfers
out of
Level 3
   
Fair Value
as at July 31,
2024
    
Change in
unrealized gains
(losses) recorded
in income
for instruments
still held
(2)
 
Trading Securities
                        
NHA MBS and U.S. agency MBS and CMO
   $ -     
$
      -
 
 
$
      -
 
 
$
     41
 
  
$
      -
 
 
$
      -
 
 
$
      -
 
  
$
     -
 
 
$
41
 
  
$
        -
 
Corporate equity
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Total trading securities
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
41
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
41
 
  
 
-
 
FVTPL Securities
                        
Corporate debt
     35     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
36
 
  
 
-
 
Corporate equity
     4,501     
 
(44
 
 
5
 
 
 
183
 
  
 
(54
 
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
4,590
 
  
 
7
 
Total FVTPL securities
     4,536     
 
(44
 
 
5
 
 
 
184
 
  
 
(54
 
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
4,626
 
  
 
7
 
FVOCI Securities
                        
Corporate equity
     174     
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
177
 
  
 
na
 
Total FVOCI securities
     174     
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
177
 
  
 
na
 
Business and Government Loans
     353     
 
-
 
   
-
   
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(88
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
266
 
  
 
-
 
Other Assets
     1,622     
 
24
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
58
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(22
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
    1,682
 
  
 
     24
 
Derivative Assets
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
     -     
 
-
 
   
-
   
 
-
 
    
-
   
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Commodity contracts
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Equity contracts
     13     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(13
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Total derivative assets
     13     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(13
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Other Liabilities
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Derivative Liabilities
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Commodity contracts
     2     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
Equity contracts
     1     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Credit default swaps
     1     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
Total derivative liabilities
     4     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(1
 
 
3
 
  
 
-
 
           
Change in fair value
           
Movements
   
Transfers
                
For the nine months ended July 31, 2024
(Canadian $ in millions)
   Balance
October 31,
2023
    
Included in
earnings
   
Included
in other
comprehensive
income
(1)
   
Issuances/
Purchases
    
Sales
   
Maturities/
Settlement
   
Transfers
into
Level 3
    
Transfers
out of
Level 3
   
Fair Value
as at July 31,
2024
    
Change in
unrealized gains
(losses) recorded
in income
for instruments
still held
(2)
 
Trading Securities
     
 
     
 
      
 
     
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
     
 
    
NHA MBS and U.S. agency MBS and CMO
   $    -     
$
   -
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
41
 
  
$
   -
 
 
$
    -
 
 
$
    -
 
  
$
      -
 
 
$
41
 
  
$
-
 
Corporate equity
     37     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(37
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Total trading securities
     37     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
41
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(37
 
 
41
 
  
 
-
 
FVTPL Securities
                        
Corporate debt
     27     
 
(9
 
 
-
 
 
 
18
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
36
 
  
 
(9
Corporate equity
       4,208     
 
(136
 
 
(5
 
 
705
 
  
 
(180
 
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
(1
 
 
    4,590
 
  
 
24
 
Total FVTPL securities
     4,235     
 
(145
 
 
(5
 
 
723
 
  
 
(180
 
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
(1
 
 
4,626
 
  
 
15
 
FVOCI Securities
                        
Corporate equity
     160     
 
-
 
 
 
13
 
 
 
4
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
177
 
  
 
na
 
Total FVOCI securities
     160     
 
-
 
 
 
13
 
 
 
4
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
177
 
  
 
na
 
Business and Government Loans
     186     
 
-
 
 
 
(1
 
 
47
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(164
 
 
198
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
266
 
  
 
-
 
Other Assets
     1,723     
 
7
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
74
 
  
 
(21
 
 
(101
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
1,682
 
  
 
24
 
Derivative Assets
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Commodity contracts
     5     
 
(5
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(5
Equity contracts
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
13
 
  
 
(13
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Total derivative assets
     5     
 
(5
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
13
 
  
 
(13
 
 
-
 
  
 
(5
Other Liabilities
     5     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
8
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(13
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Derivative Liabilities
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
     -     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Commodity contracts
     1     
 
1
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
1
 
Equity contracts
     8     
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
(9
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Credit default swaps
     2     
 
(2
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
(1
Total derivative liabilities
     11     
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
(9
 
 
3
 
  
 
-
 
 
 (1)
Foreign exchange translation on assets and liabilities held by foreign operations is included in other comprehensive income, net foreign operations.
 (2)
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) on Trading and FVTPL securities still held on July 31, 2024 are included in earnings for the period.
 Unrealized gains (losses) recognized on Level 3 financial instruments may be offset by (losses) gains on economic hedge contracts.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation and for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 na – not applicable
 
7
4
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

           
Change in fair value
           
Movements
   
Transfers
                
For the three months ended July 31, 2023
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
Balance
April 30,
2023
    
Included in
earnings
   
Included
in other
comprehensive
income
(1)
   
Issuances/
   Purchases
    
Sales
   
Maturities/
Settlement
   
Transfers
into
Level 3
    
Transfers
out of
Level 3
   
Fair Value
as at July 31,
2023
    
Change in
unrealized gains
(losses) recorded
in income
for instruments
still held
(3)
 
Trading Securities
     
 
     
 
      
 
     
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
     
 
    
NHA MBS and U.S. agency MBS and CMO
  
$
    -
 
  
$
    -
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
  
$
    -
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
      -
 
  
$
    -
 
 
$
-
 
  
$
-
 
Corporate equity
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
       -
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Total trading securities
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
FVTPL Securities
                        
Corporate debt
  
 
11
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
11
 
  
 
-
 
Corporate equity
  
 
  6,089
 
  
 
(89
 
 
(45
 
 
179
 
  
 
(36
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(2,097
 
 
    4,001
 
  
 
(7
Total FVTPL securities
  
 
6,100
 
  
 
(89
 
 
(45
 
 
179
 
  
 
(36
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(2,097
 
 
4,012
 
  
 
(7
FVOCI Securities
                        
Corporate equity
  
 
157
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
159
 
  
 
na
 
Total FVOCI securities
  
 
157
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
     2
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
159
 
  
 
na
 
Business and Government Loans
  
 
201
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(5
 
 
21
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(82
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
135
 
  
 
-
 
Other Assets
  
 
1,300
 
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
103
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
1,401
 
  
 
(1
Derivative Assets
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
9
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
9
 
  
 
    9
 
Commodity contracts
  
 
10
 
  
 
4
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
14
 
  
 
4
 
Equity contracts
  
 
4
 
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
3
 
  
 
(1
Total derivative assets
  
 
14
 
  
 
   12
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
26
 
  
 
12
 
Other Liabilities
  
 
5
 
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
3
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
7
 
  
 
(1
Derivative Liabilities
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Commodity contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Equity contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Credit default swaps
  
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
Total derivative liabilities
  
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
           
Change in fair value
           
Movements
   
Transfers
                
For the nine months ended July 31, 2023
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
Balance
October 31,
2022
    
Included in
earnings
   
Included
in other
comprehensive
income
(1)
   
Issuances/
Purchases 
(2)
    
Sales
   
Maturities/
Settlement
   
Transfers
into
Level 3
    
Transfers
out of
Level 3
   
Fair Value
as at July 31,
2023
    
Change in
unrealized gains
(losses) recorded
in income
for instruments
still held
(3)
 
Trading Securities
                        
NHA MBS and U.S. agency MBS and CMO
  
$
-
 
  
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
  
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
  
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
  
$
-
 
Corporate equity
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Total trading securities
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
FVTPL Securities
                        
Corporate debt
  
 
8
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
3
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
11
 
  
 
-
 
Corporate equity
  
 
4,044
 
  
 
(127
 
 
(41
 
 
2,507
 
  
 
(284
 
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
(2,097
 
 
4,001
 
  
 
28
 
Total FVTPL securities
  
 
4,052
 
  
 
(127
 
 
(41
 
 
2,510
 
  
 
(284
 
 
(1
 
 
-
 
  
 
(2,097
 
 
4,012
 
  
 
28
 
FVOCI Securities
                        
Corporate equity
  
 
153
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
7
 
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
159
 
  
 
na
 
Total FVOCI securities
  
 
153
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
7
 
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
159
 
  
 
na
 
Business and Government Loans
  
 
20
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(3
 
 
215
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(97
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
135
 
  
 
-
 
Other Assets
  
 
1,233
 
  
 
54
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
125
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(11
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
1,401
 
  
 
54
 
Derivative Assets
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
  
 
26
 
  
 
(17
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
9
 
  
 
9
 
Commodity contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
1
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
13
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
14
 
  
 
1
 
Equity contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
2
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
3
 
  
 
2
 
Total derivative assets
  
 
26
 
  
 
(14
 
 
-
 
 
 
13
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
26
 
  
 
12
 
Other Liabilities
  
 
2
 
  
 
(1
 
 
-
 
 
 
6
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
7
 
  
 
(1
Derivative Liabilities
                        
Foreign exchange contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
12
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(12
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
(38
Commodity contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Equity contracts
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Credit default swaps
  
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
-
 
Total derivative liabilities
  
 
2
 
  
 
12
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
(12
 
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
 
 
2
 
  
 
(38
 
 (1)
Foreign exchange translation on assets and liabilities held by foreign operations is included in other comprehensive income, net foreign operations.
 (2)
FVTPL securities includes $969 million of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank equity and $587 million of investments in Low Income Housing Tax Credit entities, acquired as a result of our acquisition of Bank of the West.
 (3)
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) on Trading and FVTPL securities still held on July 31, 2023 are included in earnings for the period.
 Unrealized gains (losses) recognized on Level 3 financial instruments may be offset by (losses) gains on economic hedge contracts.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation and for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 na – not applicable
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
7
5
 

Note 7: Capital Management
Our objective is to maintain a strong capital position in a cost-effective structure that: is appropriate given our target regulatory capital ratios and our internal assessment of required economic capital; underpins our operating groups’ business strategies and considers the market environment; supports depositor, investor and regulator confidence, while building long-term shareholder value; and is consistent with our target credit ratings.
As at July 31, 2024, we met OSFI’s target capital ratio requirements, which include a 2.5% Capital Conservation Buffer, a 1.0% Common Equity Surcharge for Domestic Systemically Important Banks
(D-SIBs),
a Countercyclical Buffer and a 3.5% Domestic Stability Buffer (DSB) applicable to
D-SIBs.
As announced by OSFI
on
June
 20,
 2023, the DSB level was increased to 3.5% effective November 1, 2023.
On
June
18, 
2024, OSFI announced that the DSB will remain at 3.5%. Our capital position as at July 31, 2024 is further detailed in the Capital Management section of our interim Management’s Discussion and Analysis.
Regulatory Capital and Total Loss Absorbing Capacity Measures, Risk-Weighted Assets and Leverage Exposures
(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Canadian $ in millions, except as noted)
  
July 31, 2024
 
  
October 31, 2023
 
CET1 Capital
  
$
 
    55,605
 
   $ 52,914  
Tier 1 Capital
  
 
63,598
 
     59,785  
Total Capital
  
 
73,530
 
     68,718  
TLAC
  
 
122,053
 
     114,402  
Risk-Weighted Assets
  
 
428,860
 
     424,197  
Leverage Exposures
  
 
1,480,736
 
     1,413,036  
CET1 Ratio
  
 
13.0%
 
     12.5%  
Tier 1 Capital Ratio
  
 
14.8%
 
     14.1%  
Total Capital Ratio
  
 
17.1%
 
     16.2%  
TLAC Ratio
  
 
28.5%
 
     27.0%  
Leverage Ratio
  
 
4.3%
 
     4.2%  
TLAC Leverage Ratio
  
 
8.2%
 
     8.1%  
 
 (1)
Calculated in accordance with OSFI’s Capital Adequacy Requirements Guideline, Leverage Requirements Guideline and Total Loss Absorbing Capacity (TLAC) Guideline.
 
 
Note 8: Employee Compensation
Stock Options
We did not grant any stock options during the three months ended July 31, 2024 or 2023. During the nine months ended July 31, 2024 we granted a total of 1,113,853 stock options (1,322,817 stock options during the nine months ended July 31, 2023) with a weighted-average fair value of $15.33 per option ($18.94 per option for the nine months ended July 31, 2023).
To determine the fair value of the stock option tranches (i.e. the portion that vests each year) on the grant date, the following ranges of values were used for each option pricing assumption:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For stock options granted during the nine months ended
  
July 31, 2024  
 
  
July 31, 2023
 
Expected dividend yield
  
 
4.5
%
  
 
    
4.5% - 4.6%
 
Expected share price volatility
  
 
17.4
% - 17.6%
  
 
     20.9%  
Risk-free rate of return
  
 
3.3% -
 
3.4%  
 
     3.2%  
Expected period until exercise (in years)
  
 
6.5 - 7.0  
 
     6.5 - 7.0  
Exercise price ($)
  
 
118.50  
 
     122.31  
 Changes to the input assumptions can result in different fair value estimates.
Pension and Other Employee Future Benefit Expenses
Pension and other employee future benefit expenses are determined as follows:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
Pension benefit plans
 
 
Other employee future benefit plans
 
For the three months ended
  
July 31, 2024
 
 
July 31, 2023
 
 
July 31, 2024
 
  
July 31, 2023
 
Current service cost
  
$
39
 
   $ 40    
$
1
 
    $ 1  
Net interest (income) expense on net defined benefit (asset) liability
  
 
(16
)
 
     (17  
 
11
 
     11  
Impact of plan amendments
  
 
-
 
     -    
 
-
 
     -  
Administrative expenses
  
 
3
 
     3    
 
-
 
     -  
Benefits expense
  
 
26
 
     26    
 
12
 
     12  
Government pension plans expense (1)
  
 
93
 
     94    
 
-
 
     -  
Defined contribution expense
  
 
62
 
     63    
 
-
 
     -  
Total pension and other employee future benefit expenses
recognized in our Consolidated Statement of Income
  
$
       181
 
   $       183    
$
12
 
    $        12  
 
 (1)
Includes Canada Pension Plan, Quebec Pension Plan and U.S. Federal Insurance Contributions Act.
 
7
6
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
Pension benefit plans
 
 
Other employee future benefit plans
 
For the nine months ended
  
July 31, 2024
 
 
July 31, 2023
 
 
July 31, 2024
 
 
July 31, 2023
 
Current service cost
  
$
115
 
 
$
122
 
 
$
4
 
 
$
4
 
Net interest (income) expense on net defined benefit (asset) liability
  
 
(46
 
 
(49
 
 
31
 
 
 
32
 
Impact of plan amendments
  
 
-
 
 
 
(1
 
 
(84
 
 
-
 
Administrative expenses
  
 
9
 
 
 
7
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Benefits expense
  
 
78
 
 
 
79
 
 
 
(49
 
 
36
  
Government pension plans expense (1)
  
 
302
 
 
 
291
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Defined contribution expense
  
 
231
 
 
 
207
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Total pension and other employee future benefit expenses (recovery)
recognized in our Consolidated Statement of Income
  
$
         611
 
 
$
          577
 
 
$
         (49
 
$
        36
 
 
 (1)
Includes Canada Pension Plan, Quebec Pension Plan and U.S. Federal Insurance Contributions Act.
We amended certain other employee future benefit plans in the first quarter of 2024. These amendments have combined the administration of a few plans. In addition, we converted one defined contribution plan into a defined benefit plan and therefore brought a net asset
onto
our Consolidated Balance Sheet equal to the surplus assets in that plan. This resulted in an $84 million benefit of plan amendments that was recognized as a reduction in employee compensation expense. When there are surplus assets, we must assess their economic benefits to the bank. Given there are no immediate economic benefits without further plan amendments, the $62 million in surplus assets of the combined plans are reduced to $nil through other comprehensive income.
 
 
Note 9: Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income, after deducting dividends payable on preferred shares and distributions payable on other equity instruments, by the daily average number of fully paid common shares outstanding throughout the period.
Diluted earnings per share is calculated in the same manner, with further adjustments made to reflect the dilutive impact of instruments convertible into our common shares.
The following tables present our basic and diluted earnings per share:
Basic Earnings Per Common Share
 
(Canadian $ in millions, except as noted)
  
For the three months ended
 
 
For the nine months ended
 
  
  
July 31, 2024
 
 
July 31, 2023
 
 
July 31, 2024
 
 
July 31, 2023
 
Net income attributable to bank shareholders
  
$
1,865
 
   $ 1,563    
$
5,017
 
   $ 2,722  
Dividends on preferred shares and distributions on other equity instruments
  
 
(51
)
 
     (41  
 
(234
)
 
     (206
Net income available to common shareholders
  
$
         1,814
 
   $ 1,522    
$
         4,783
 
   $ 2,516  
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (in thousands)
  
 
729,449
 
           715,432    
 
727,174
 
       706,044  
Basic earnings per common share (Canadian $)
  
$
2.49
 
   $ 2.13    
$
6.58
 
   $ 3.56  
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
Diluted Earnings Per Common Share
 
(Canadian $ in millions, except as noted)
   For the three months ended     For the nine months ended  
     
July 31, 2024
    July 31, 2023    
July 31, 2024
    July 31, 2023  
Net income available to common shareholders adjusted for impact of dilutive instruments
  
$
1,814
  
  $ 1,522    
$
4,783
 
  $ 2,516  
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (in thousands)
  
 
729,449
 
    715,432    
 
727,174
 
    706,044  
Effect of dilutive instruments
        
Stock options potentially exercisable (1)
  
 
3,473
 
    4,320    
 
3,629
 
    4,531  
Common shares potentially repurchased
  
 
(2,730
    (3,375  
 
(2,793
    (3,299
Weighted-average number of diluted common shares outstanding (in thousands)
  
 
   730,192
 
          716,377    
 
   728,010
 
       707,276  
Diluted earnings per common share (Canadian $)
  
$
          2.48
 
  $ 2.12    
$
          6.57
 
  $ 3.56  
 
 (1)
In computing diluted earnings per share, we excluded average stock options outstanding of 3,309,605 and 3,197,420 with a weighted-average exercise price of $129.73 and $130.81, respectively, for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2024 (2,270,156 and 2,178,439 with a weighted-average exercise price of $135.00 and $136.27, respectively, for the three and nine months ended July 31, 2023) as the average share pr
ice for t
he period did not exceed the exercise price.
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
 
Note 10: Income Taxes
Canadian tax authorities have reassessed us for additional income tax and interest in an amount of approximately $1,465 million in respect of certain 2011-2018 Canadian corporate dividends. These reassessments denied certain dividend deductions on the basis that the dividends were received as part of a “dividend rental arrangement.” In general, the tax rules raised by the Canadian tax authorities were prospectively addressed in the 2015 and 2018 Canadian federal budgets. We filed Notices of Appeal with the Tax Court of Canada and the matter is in litigation. We remain of the view that our tax filing positions were appropriate and intend to challenge all reassessments. However, if such challenges are unsuccessful, the additional expense would negatively impact our net income.
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
7
7
 

Note 11: Operating Segmentation
Operating Groups
We conduct our business through three operating groups, each of which has a distinct mandate. Our operating groups are Personal and Commercial Banking (P&C) (comprised of Canadian Personal and Commercial Banking (Canadian P&C) and U.S. Personal and Commercial Banking (U.S. P&C)), BMO Wealth Management (BMO WM) and BMO Capital Markets (BMO CM), along with a Corporate Services unit.
For additional information refer to Note 25 of our annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended October 3
1, 2
023.
Our results and average assets, grouped by operating segment, are as follows:
 
(Canadian $ in millions)
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
For the three months ended July 31, 2024
  
Canadian
P&C
 
 
U.S. P&C
 
 
BMO WM
 
 
BMO CM
 
 
Corporate
Services 
(1)
 
 
Total
 
Net interest income (2)
  
$
2,253
 
 
$
2,056
 
 
$
326
 
 
$
479
 
 
$
(320
)
 
$
4,794
 
Non-interest
revenue
  
 
655
 
 
 
397
 
 
 
1,113
 
 
 
1,187
 
 
 
46
 
 
 
3,398
 
Total Revenue
  
 
2,908
 
 
 
2,453
 
 
 
1,439
 
 
 
1,666
 
 
 
(274
)
 
 
8,192
 
Provision for credit losses on impaired loans
  
 
353
 
 
 
368
 
 
 
1
 
 
 
92
 
 
 
14
 
 
 
828
 
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on performing loans
  
 
35
 
 
 
26
 
 
 
(10
)
 
 
36
 
 
 
(9
)
 
 
78
 
Total provision for (recovery of) credit losses
  
 
388
 
 
 
394
 
 
 
(9
)
 
 
128
 
 
 
5
 
 
 
906
 
Depreciation and amortization
  
 
151
 
 
 
239
 
 
 
65
 
 
 
75
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
530
 
Non-interest
expense
  
 
1,109
 
 
 
1,253
 
 
 
904
 
 
 
972
 
 
 
71
 
 
 
4,309
 
Income (loss) before taxes and
non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
 
1,260
 
 
 
567
 
 
 
479
 
 
 
491
 
 
 
(350
)
 
 
2,447
 
Provision for (recovery of) income taxes
  
 
346
 
 
 
97
 
 
 
117
 
 
 
102
 
 
 
(80
)
 
 
582
 
Reported net income (loss)
  
$
914
 
 
$
470
 
 
$
362
 
 
$
389
 
 
$
(270
)
 
$
1,865
 
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
$
-
 
 
$
(3
)
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
3
 
 
$
-
 
Net income (loss) attributable to bank shareholders
  
$
914
 
 
$
473
 
 
$
362
 
 
$
389
 
 
$
(273
)
 
$
1,865
 
Average assets (3)
  
$
   329,786
 
 
$
   240,484
 
 
$
    65,428
 
 
$
   475,893
 
 
$
   274,275
 
 
$
1,385,866
 
For the three months ended July 31, 2023
  
Canadian
P&C
    U.S. P&C     BMO WM     BMO CM     Corporate
Services (1)
    Total  
Net interest income (2)
   $ 2,061     $ 1,995     $ 357     $ 568     $ (76   $ 4,905  
Non-interest
revenue
     655       419       1,168       895       10       3,147  
Total Revenue
     2,716       2,414       1,525       1,463       (66     8,052  
Provision for credit losses on impaired loans
     197       117       1       1       17       333  
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on performing loans
     62       87       6       9       (5     159  
Total provision for credit losses
     259       204       7       10       12       492  
Depreciation and amortization
     143       252       71       84       -       550  
Non-interest
expense
     1,101       1,299       919       991       712       5,022  
Income (loss) before taxes
     1,213       659       528       378       (790     1,988  
Provision for (recovery of) income taxes
     332       157       132       83       (281     423  
Reported net income (loss)
   $ 881     $ 502     $ 396     $ 295     $ (509   $ 1,565  
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
   $ -     $ 2     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 2  
Net income (loss) attributable to bank shareholders
   $ 881     $ 500     $ 396     $ 295     $ (509   $ 1,563  
Average assets (3)
   $    312,155      $    229,427      $     62,034      $    453,798      $    252,686      $ 1,310,100   
 
 (1)
Corporate Services includes Technology and Operations.
 (2)
Operating groups report on a taxable equivalent basis (teb). Revenue and the provision for income taxes are increased on
tax-exempt
securities to an equivalent
before-tax
basis to facilitate comparisons of income between taxable and
tax-exempt
sources. The offset to the groups’ teb adjustments is reflected in Corporate Services revenue and provision for income taxes. Beginning January 1, 2024, we did not take the deduction for certain Canadian dividends received in BMO CM due to proposed legislation, and as a result, we no longer reported this revenue on a teb basis. This proposed legislation was enacted in the third quarter of fiscal 2024.
 (3)
Included within average assets are average earning assets, which are comprised of deposits with other banks, deposits at central banks, securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements, loans and securities. Total average earning assets for three months ended July 31, 2024 are $1,260,434 million, including $323,768 million for Canadian P&C, $219,467 million for U.S. P&C, and $717,199 million for all other operating segments including Corporate Services (for three months ended July 31, 2023 - Total: $1,162,389 million, Canadian P&C: $297,976 million, U.S. P&C: $209,493 million and all other operating segments: $654,920 million).
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation and for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
7
8
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
 

(Canadian $ in millions)
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
For the nine months ended July 31, 2024
  
Canadian
P&C
 
 
U.S. P&C
 
 
BMO WM
 
 
BMO CM
 
 
Corporate
Services 
(1)
 
 
Total
 
Net interest income (2)
  
$
6,548
 
 
$
6,108
 
 
$
973
 
 
$
1,342
 
 
$
(941
)
 
$
14,030
 
Non-interest
revenue
  
 
1,957
 
 
 
1,188
 
 
 
3,187
 
 
 
3,574
 
 
 
(98
)
 
 
9,808
 
Total Revenue
  
 
8,505
 
 
 
7,296
 
 
 
4,160
 
 
 
4,916
 
 
 
(1,039
)
 
 
23,838
 
Provision for credit losses on impaired loans
  
 
886
 
 
 
839
 
 
 
10
 
 
 
164
 
 
 
60
 
 
 
1,959
 
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on performing loans
  
 
195
 
 
 
126
 
 
 
(13
)
 
 
(6
)
 
 
(23
)
 
 
279
 
Total provision for (recovery of) credit losses
  
 
1,081
 
 
 
965
 
 
 
(3
)
 
 
158
 
 
 
37
 
 
 
2,238
 
Depreciation and amortization
  
 
439
 
 
 
723
 
 
 
198
 
 
 
226
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1,586
 
Non-interest
expense
  
 
3,247
 
 
 
3,676
 
 
 
2,746
 
 
 
2,965
 
 
 
852
 
 
 
13,486
 
Income (loss) before taxes and
non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
 
3,738
 
 
 
1,932
 
 
 
1,219
 
 
 
1,567
 
 
 
(1,928
)
 
 
6,528
 
Provision for (recovery of) income taxes
  
 
1,031
 
 
 
359
 
 
 
297
 
 
 
326
 
 
 
(508
)
 
 
1,505
 
Reported net income (loss)
  
$
2,707
 
 
$
1,573
 
 
$
922
 
 
$
1,241
 
 
$
(1,420
)
 
$
5,023
 
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
  
$
-
 
 
$
1
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
5
 
 
$
6
 
Net income (loss) attributable to bank shareholders
  
$
2,707
 
 
$
1,572
 
 
$
922
 
 
$
1,241
 
 
$
(1,425
)
 
$
5,017
 
Average assets (3)
  
$
   324,846
 
 
$
   236,323
 
 
$
    63,877
 
 
$
   456,676
 
 
$
   271,060
 
 
$
1,352,782
 
For the nine months ended July 31, 2023
  
Canadian
P&C
    U.S. P&C     BMO WM     BMO CM     Corporate
Services (1)
    Total  
Net interest income (2)
   $ 5,947     $ 5,530     $ 1,027     $ 1,860     $ (624   $ 13,740  
Non-interest
revenue
     1,816       1,162       2,919       2,881       (1,578     7,200  
Total Revenue
     7,763       6,692       3,946       4,741       (2,202     20,940  
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on impaired loans
     492       221       3       (2     58       772  
Provision for credit losses on performing loans
     152       109       14       19       666       960  
Total provision for credit losses
     644       330       17       17       724       1,732  
Depreciation and amortization
     413       624       211       250       -       1,498  
Non-interest
expense
     3,050       3,267       2,677       2,976       1,987       13,957  
Income (loss) before taxes and
non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
     3,656       2,471       1,041       1,498       (4,913     3,753  
Provision for (recovery of) income taxes
     1,005       573       246       345       (1,143     1,026  
Reported net income (loss)
   $ 2,651     $ 1,898     $ 795     $ 1,153     $ (3,770   $ 2,727  
Non-controlling
interest in subsidiaries
   $ -     $ 2     $ -     $ -     $ 3     $ 5  
Net income (loss) attributable to bank shareholders
   $ 2,651     $ 1,896     $ 795     $ 1,153     $ (3,773   $ 2,722  
Average assets (3)
   $    307,717      $    204,519      $     59,446      $    463,156      $    251,184      $ 1,286,022   
 
 (1)
Corporate Services includes Technology and Operations.
 (2)
Operating groups report on a teb basis. Revenue and the provision for income taxes are increased on
tax-exempt
securities to an equivalent
before-tax
basis to facilitate comparisons of income between taxable and
tax-exempt
sources. The offset to the groups’ teb adjustments is reflected in Corporate Services revenue and provision for income taxes. Beginning January 1, 2024, we did not take the deduction for certain Canadian dividends received in BMO CM due to proposed legislation, and as a result, we no longer reported this revenue on a teb basis. This proposed legislation was enacted in the third quarter of fiscal 2024.
 (3)
Included within average assets are average earning assets, which are comprised of deposits with other banks, deposits at central banks, securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements, loans and securities. Total average earning assets for nine months ended July 31, 2024 are $1,224,759 million, including $314,719 million for Canadian P&C, $215,821 million for U.S. P&C, and $694,219 million for all other operating segments including Corporate Services (for nine months ended July 31, 2023 - Total: $1,135,342 million, Canadian P&C: $293,614 million, U.S. P&C: $189,259 million and all other operating segments: $652,469 million).
 Certain comparative figures have been reclassified to conform with the current period’s presentation and for changes in accounting policy (Note 1).
 
BMO Financial Group Third Quarter Report 2024
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