Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2016

Business

Hudson Technologies, Inc., incorporated under the laws of New York on January 11, 1991, is a refrigerant services company providing innovative solutions to recurring problems within the refrigeration industry. The Company’s operations consist of one reportable segment. The Company's products and services are primarily used in commercial air conditioning, industrial processing and refrigeration systems, and include refrigerant and industrial gas sales, refrigerant management services consisting primarily of reclamation of refrigerants and RefrigerantSide® Services performed at a customer's site, consisting of system decontamination to remove moisture, oils and other contaminants. In addition, the Company’s SmartEnergy OPS® service is a web-based real time continuous monitoring service applicable to a facility’s refrigeration systems and other energy systems. The Company’s Chiller Chemistry® and Chill Smart® services are also predictive and diagnostic service offerings. As a component of the Company’s products and services, the Company also participates in the generation of carbon offset projects. The Company operates principally through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Hudson Technologies Company. Unless the context requires otherwise, references to the “Company”, “Hudson”, “we", “us”, “our”, or similar pronouns refer to Hudson Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

In preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, and in accordance with ASC 855-10 “Subsequent Events”, the Company’s management has evaluated subsequent events through the date that the financial statements were filed.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial statements and with the instructions of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. The financial information included in this quarterly report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and related notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2015. Operating results for the nine month period ended September 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2016.

In the opinion of management, all estimates and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included and all such adjustments were normal and recurring.

Consolidation

Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements represent all companies of which Hudson directly or indirectly has majority ownership or otherwise controls. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company's consolidated financial statements include the accounts of wholly-owned subsidiaries Hudson Holdings, Inc. and Hudson Technologies Company. The Company does not present a statement of comprehensive income as its comprehensive income is the same as its net income.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values of financial instruments including trade accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, because of the relatively short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of short and long-term debt approximates fair value, due to the variable rate nature of the debt, as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Credit Risk

Credit Risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of temporary cash investments and trade accounts receivable. The Company maintains its temporary cash investments in highly-rated financial institutions and, at times, the balances exceed FDIC insurance coverage. The Company's trade accounts receivables are primarily due from companies throughout the United States. The Company reviews each customer's credit history before extending credit.

The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based on factors associated with the credit risk of specific accounts, historical trends, and other information. The carrying value of the Company’s accounts receivable is reduced by the established allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts includes any accounts receivable balances that are determined to be uncollectible, along with a general reserve for the remaining accounts receivable balances. The Company adjusts its reserves based on factors that affect the collectability of the accounts receivable balances.

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2016, two customers each accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues, and in the aggregate, these two customers accounted for 33% of the Company’s revenues. At September 30, 2016, there were no outstanding receivables from these customers.

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2015, two customers each accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues and, in the aggregate these two customers accounted for 34% of the Company’s revenues.

The loss of a principal customer or a decline in the economic prospects of and/or a reduction in purchases of the Company's products or services by any such customer could have a material adverse effect on the Company's operating results and financial position.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Temporary investments with original maturities of ninety days or less are included in cash and cash equivalents.

Inventories

Inventories

Inventories, consisting primarily of refrigerant products available for sale, are stated at the lower of cost, on a first-in first-out basis, or market. Where the market price of inventory is less than the related cost, the Company may be required to write down its inventory through a lower of cost or market adjustment, the impact of which would be reflected in cost of sales in the Consolidated Income Statements. Any such adjustment would be based on management’s judgment regarding future demand and market conditions and analysis of historical experience.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, including internally manufactured equipment. The cost to complete equipment that is under construction is not considered to be material to the Company's financial position. Provision for depreciation is recorded (for financial reporting purposes) using the straight-line method over the useful lives of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of economic life or terms of the respective leases. Costs of maintenance and repairs are charged to expense when incurred.

Due to the specialized nature of the Company's business, it is possible that the Company's estimates of equipment useful life periods may change in the future.

Goodwill

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in business combinations accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. For the year ended December 31, 2015 the Company performed the annual goodwill impairment assessment using a qualitative approach to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying value. In performing the qualitative assessment, we identify and consider the significance of relevant key factors, events, and circumstances that affect the fair value of our goodwill. These factors include external factors such as macroeconomic, industry, and market conditions, as well as entity-specific factors, such as our actual and planned financial performance. If the results of the qualitative assessment conclude that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of goodwill exceeds its carrying value, additional quantitative impairment testing is performed.

Revenues and Cost of Sales

Revenues and Cost of Sales

Revenues are recorded upon completion of service or product shipment and passage of title to customers in accordance with contractual terms. The Company evaluates each sale to ensure collectability. In addition, each sale is based on an arrangement with the customer and the sales price to the customer is fixed. License fees are recognized over the period of the license based on the respective performance measurements associated with the license. Royalty revenues are recognized when earned. Cost of sales is recorded based on the cost of products shipped or services performed and related direct operating costs of the Company's facilities. To the extent that the Company charges its customers shipping fees, such amounts are included as a component of revenue and the corresponding costs are included as a component of cost of sales.

The Company's revenues are derived from refrigerant and reclamation sales and RefrigerantSide® Services, including license and royalty revenues. The revenues for each of these lines are as follows:

Nine Month Periods Ended September 30,	2016		2015
(in thousands, unaudited)
Refrigerant and reclamation sales	$	94,353	$	69,032
RefrigerantSide® Services		3,348		3,390
Total	$	97,701	$	72,422

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company utilizes the asset and liability method for recording deferred income taxes, which provides for the establishment of deferred tax asset or liability accounts based on the difference between tax and financial reporting bases of certain assets and liabilities. The tax benefit associated with the Company's net operating loss carry forwards (“NOLs”) is recognized to the extent that the Company is expected to recognize future taxable income. The Company assesses the recoverability of its deferred tax assets based on its expectation that it will recognize future taxable income and adjusts its valuation allowance accordingly. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the net deferred tax asset was $2,079,000 and $3,663,000, respectively.

Certain states either do not allow or limit NOLs and as such the Company will be liable for certain state taxes. To the extent that the Company utilizes its NOLs, it will not pay tax on such income but may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. In addition, to the extent that the Company’s net income, if any, exceeds the annual NOL limitation it will pay income taxes based on existing statutory rates. Moreover, as a result of a “change in control”, as defined by the Internal Revenue Service, the Company’s ability to utilize its existing NOLs is subject to certain annual limitations. All of the Company’s remaining NOLs of approximately $5,000,000 are subject to annual limitations of $1,300,000.

As a result of an Internal Revenue Service audit, the 2013 and prior federal tax years have been closed. The Company operates in many states throughout the United States and, as of September 30, 2016, the various states’ statutes of limitations remain open for tax years subsequent to 2012. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, relating to income taxes as a component of the provision for income taxes.

The Company evaluates uncertain tax positions, if any, by determining if it is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities. As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had no uncertain tax positions.

Income per Common and Equivalent Shares

Net Income per Common and Equivalent Shares

If dilutive, common equivalent shares (common shares assuming exercise of options and warrants) utilizing the treasury stock method are considered in the presentation of diluted earnings per share. The reconciliation of shares used to determine net income per share is as follows (dollars in thousands, unaudited):

	Three Month Periods ended September 30,				Nine Month Periods ended September 30,
	2016		2015		2016		2015

Net income	$	4,789	$	1,082	$	12,562	$	5,786

Weighted average number of shares - basic		33,873,479		32,639,429		33,265,470		32,487,230
Shares underlying warrants		—		176,775		—		332,269
Shares underlying options		1,424,106		1,039,841		1,076,460		1,252,483
Weighted average number of shares outstanding – diluted		35,297,585		33,856,045		34,341,930		34,071,982

During the three-month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, certain options and warrants aggregating 73,034 and 1,196,643 shares, respectively, have been excluded from the calculation of diluted shares, due to the fact that their effect would be anti-dilutive.

During the nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, certain options and warrants aggregating 123,034 and 75,000 shares, respectively, have been excluded from the calculation of diluted shares, due to the fact that their effect would be anti-dilutive.

Estimates and Risks

Estimates and Risks

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the results of operations during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

The Company utilizes both internal and external sources to evaluate potential current and future liabilities for various commitments and contingencies. In the event that the assumptions or conditions change in the future, the estimates could differ from the original estimates.

Several of the Company's accounting policies involve significant judgments, uncertainties and estimates. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. To the extent that actual results differ from management's judgments and estimates, there could be a material adverse effect on the Company. On a continuous basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to, those estimates related to its allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, and valuation allowance for the deferred tax assets relating to its NOLs and commitments and contingencies. With respect to accounts receivable, the Company estimates the necessary allowance for doubtful accounts based on both historical and anticipated trends of payment history and the ability of the customer to fulfill its obligations. For inventory, the Company evaluates both current and anticipated sales prices of its products to determine if a write down of inventory to net realizable value is necessary. In determining the Company’s valuation allowance for its deferred tax assets, the Company assesses its ability to generate taxable income in the future.

The Company participates in an industry that is highly regulated, and changes in the regulations affecting our business could affect our operating results. Currently the Company purchases virgin hydrochlorofluorocarbon (“HCFC”) and hydrofluorocarbon (“HFC”) refrigerants and reclaimable, primarily HCFC, HFC and chlorofluorocarbon (“CFC”), refrigerants from suppliers and its customers. Effective January 1, 1996, the Clean Air Act (the “Act”) prohibited the production of virgin CFC refrigerants and limited the production of virgin HCFC refrigerants. Effective January 2004, the Act further limited the production of virgin HCFC refrigerants and federal regulations were enacted which established production and consumption allowances for HCFC refrigerants which imposed limitations on the importation of certain virgin HCFC refrigerants. Under the Act, production of certain virgin HCFC refrigerants is scheduled to be phased out during the period 2010 through 2020, and production of all virgin HCFC refrigerants is scheduled to be phased out by 2030. In October 2014, the EPA published a final rule establishing final production and consumption allowances for virgin HCFC refrigerants for the years 2015 through 2019 (the “Final Rule”). In the Final Rule, the EPA has established a linear draw down for the production or importation of virgin HCFC-22 that started at approximately 22 million pounds in 2015 and reduces by approximately 4.5 million pounds each year and ends at zero in 2020.

To the extent that the Company is unable to source sufficient quantities of refrigerants or is unable to obtain refrigerants on commercially reasonable terms or experiences a decline in demand and/or price for refrigerants sold by the Company, the Company could realize reductions in revenue from refrigerant sales, which could have a material adverse effect on its operating results and its financial position.

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings. The Company assesses the merit and potential liability associated with each of these proceedings. In addition, the Company estimates potential liability, if any, related to these matters. To the extent that these estimates are not accurate, or circumstances change in the future, the Company could realize liabilities, which could have a material adverse effect on its operating results and its financial position.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to the future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less the cost to sell.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-15, "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments." This ASU addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of eliminating the existing diversity in practice. The amendments in this ASU are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and for interim periods therein. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” This ASU simplifies certain aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax requirements, forfeitures, and presentation on the balance sheet and the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and for the interim periods therein. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-09 on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” The core principle of Topic 842 is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. The accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous GAAP. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee also have not significantly changed from previous GAAP. Under ASU 2016-02, a lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

For finance leases, a lessee is required to do the following: (1) Recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position; (2) Recognize interest on the lease liability separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income; and (3) Classify repayments of the principal portion of the lease liability within financing activities and payments of interest on the lease liability and variable lease payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows.

For operating leases, a lessee is required to do the following (1) Recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position; (2) Recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis; and (3) Classify all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows.

In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The modified retrospective approach includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. These practical expedients relate to the identification and classification of leases that commenced before the effective date, initial direct costs for leases that commenced before the effective date, and the ability to use hindsight in evaluating lessee options to extend or terminate a lease or to purchase the underlying asset. An entity that elects to apply the practical expedients will, in effect, continue to account for leases that commence before the effective date in accordance with previous GAAP unless the lease is modified, except that lessees are required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating leases at each reporting date based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments that were tracked and disclosed under previous GAAP. For public entities, ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application of the amendments in this Update is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes”. ASU 2015-17 requires that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The amendments in ASU 2015-17 apply to all entities that present a classified statement of financial position. The current requirement that deferred tax liabilities and assets of a tax-paying component of an entity be offset and presented as a single amount is not affected. For public business entities, the amendments in ASU 2015-17 are effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. Earlier application is permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company does not expect this adoption to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.