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Note 18 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2014

18. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company carries certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 825 “Financial Instruments” and values those financial assets and financial liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” ASC Topic 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC topic 825 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. At December 31, 2014, the Company carried financial assets and financial liabilities under the fair value option with fair values of $32.6 million and $28.8 million, respectively. The Company elected to measure at fair value, securities with a cost of $5.0 million that were purchased during the year ended December 31, 2014. The Company did not elect to carry any additional financial assets or financial liabilities under the fair value option during the year ended December 31, 2013. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company sold financial assets carried under the fair value option totaling $6.2 million and $8.1 million, respectively.

The following table presents the financial assets and financial liabilities reported at fair value under the fair value option at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the changes in fair value included in the Consolidated Statement of Income – Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

	Fair Value		Fair Value		Changes in Fair Values For Items Measured at Fair Value
	Measurements		Measurements		Pursuant to Election of the Fair Value Option
	at December 31,		at December 31,		For the year ended		For the year ended			For the year ended
Description	2014		2013		December 31, 2014		December 31, 2013			December 31, 2012
(Dollars in thousands)
Mortgage-backed securities	$	4,678	$	7,119	$	75	$	(725	)	$	(539	)
Other securities		27,915		30,163		598		241			796
Borrowed funds		28,771		29,570		802		(5,651	)		2,062
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments (1)					$	1,475	$	(6,135	)	$	2,319

(1)

The net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments presented in the above table does not include net gains and (losses) of ($4.0) million, $3.6 million and ($2.3) million from the change in fair value of derivative instruments during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Included in the fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities selected for the fair value option is the accrued interest receivable or payable for the related instrument. The Company reports as interest income or interest expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income, the interest receivable or payable on the financial instruments selected for the fair value option at their respective contractual rates.

The borrowed funds have a contractual principal amount of $61.9 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013. The fair value of borrowed funds includes accrued interest payable of $0.1 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

The Company generally holds its earning assets, other than securities available for sale, to maturity and settles its liabilities at maturity. However, fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time and are based on relevant market information. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular instrument. Accordingly, as assumptions change, such as interest rates and prepayments, fair value estimates change and these amounts may not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale.

Disclosure of fair value does not require fair value information for items that do not meet the definition of a financial instrument or certain other financial instruments specifically excluded from its requirements. These items include core deposit intangibles and other customer relationships, premises and equipment, leases, income taxes and equity.

Further, fair value disclosure does not attempt to value future income or business. These items may be material and accordingly, the fair value information presented does not purport to represent, nor should it be construed to represent, the underlying “market” or franchise value of the Company.

Financial assets and financial liabilities reported at fair value are required to be measured based on either: (1) quoted prices in active markets for identical financial instruments (Level 1); (2) significant other observable inputs (Level 2); or (3) significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

A description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:

Level 1 – where quoted market prices are available in an active market. The Company did not value any of its assets or liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis as Level 1 at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

Level 2 – when quoted market prices are not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar financial instruments and adjusted for differences between the quoted instrument and the instrument being valued. Fair value can also be estimated by using pricing models, or discounted cash flows. Pricing models primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, models also incorporate maturity and cash flow assumptions. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, Level 2 included mortgage related securities, corporate debt and interest rate caps/swaps.

Level 3 – when there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, financial instruments are classified as Level 3. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, Level 3 included municipal securities and trust preferred securities owned by and junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company.

The methods described above may produce fair values that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those of other market participants, the use of different methodologies, assumptions and models to determine fair value of certain financial instruments could produce different estimates of fair value at the reporting date.

The following table sets forth the Company's assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis, and the method that was used to determine their fair value, at December 31:

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)				Total carried at fair value on a recurring basis
	2014		2013		2014		2013		2014		2013		2014		2013

Assets:
Securities available for sale
Mortgage-backed Securities	$	-	$	-	$	704,933	$	756,156	$	-	$	-	$	704,933	$	756,156
Other securities		-		-		245,768		237,476		22,609		24,158		268,377		261,634
Interest rate swaps		-		-		84		2,081		-		-		84		2,081

Total assets	$	-	$	-	$	950,785	$	995,713	$	22,609	$	24,158	$	973,394	$	1,019,871


Liabilities:
Borrowings	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	28,771	$	29,570	$	28,771	$	29,570
Interest rate swaps		-		-		2,649		-		-		-		2,649		-

Total liabilities	$	-	$	-	$	2,649	$	-	$	28,771	$	29,570	$	31,420	$	29,570

The following table sets forth the Company's assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis, classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for the period indicated:


	Municipals			Trust preferred securities			Junior subordinated debentures
	(In thousands)

Beginning balance	$	9,223		$	14,935		$	29,570
Purchases		7,595			-			-
Principal repayments		(214	)		-			-
Maturities		(1,085	)		-			-
Sales		-			(11,133	)		-
Net gain from fair value adjustment of financial assets		-			71			-
Net gain from fair value adjustment of financial liabilities		-			-			(801	)
Increase in accrued interest payable		-			-			2
Change in unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income		-			3,217			-
Ending balance	$	15,519		$	7,090		$	28,771

Changes in unrealized held at period end	$	-		$	3,217		$	-

The following table sets forth the Company's assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis, classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for the period indicated:

	For the year ended December 31, 2013
	REMIC and CMO			Municipals			Trust preferred securities		Junior subordinated debentures
	(In thousands)

Beginning balance	$	23,475		$	9,429		$	6,650	$	23,922
Transfer into Level 3		-			-			6,126		-
Principal repayments		(5,036	)		(206	)		-		-
Sales		(19,973	)		-			-		-
Net gain from fair value adjustment of financial assets		-			-			884		-
Net loss from fair value adjustment of financial liabilities		-			-			-		5,651
Decrease in accrued interest payable		-			-			-		(3	)
Other-than-temporary impairment charge		(1,419	)		-			-		-
Change in unrealized gains (losses) included in other comprehensive income		2,953			-			1,275		-
Ending balance	$	-		$	9,223		$	14,935	$	29,570

Changes in unrealized held at period end	$	-		$	-		$	1,275	$	-

During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no transfers between Levels 1 and 2.

During the year ended December 31, 2014 there were no transfers between Level 3 and Level 2.

During the year ended December 31, 2013, transfers from Level 2 to Level 3 included one private issue trust preferred security for $6.1 million. This security was transferred due to illiquidity and reduced price transparency.

The following table presents the quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value of financial instruments and the fair value measurements as of December 31, 2014:

December 31, 2014	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:

Municipals	$	15,519	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	0.2%	-	4.0%	(2.3%)

Trust Preferred Securities	$	7,090	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	7.0%	-	7.25%	(7.2%)

Liabilities:

Junior subordinated debentures	$	28,771	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate		7.0%		(7.0%)

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s municipal securities valued under Level 3 are the securities’ effective yield. Significant increases or decreases in the effective yield in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s trust preferred securities valued under Level 3 are the securities’ effective yield, probability of default and loss severity in the event of default. Significant increases or decreases in any of the inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s junior subordinated Debentures are effective yield. Significant increases or decreases in the effective yield in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.

The following table sets forth the Company's assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis, and the method that was used to determine their fair value, at December 31:

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)				Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)				Total carried at fair value on a recurring basis
	2014		2013		2014		2013		2014		2013		2014		2013

Assets:
Loans held for sale	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	425	$	-	$	425
Impaired loans		-		-		-		-		22,174		23,544		22,174		23,544
Other real estate owned		-		-		-		-		6,326		2,985		6,326		2,985

Total assets	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	28,500	$	26,954	$	28,500	$	26,954

The following table presents the quantitative information about non-recurring Level 3 fair value of financial instruments and the fair value measurements as of December 31, 2014:

December 31, 2014	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)
	(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:

Impaired loans	$	6,981	Income approach	Capitalization rate	7.3%	to	8.5%	(7.8%)
				Loss severity discount	0.5%	to	81.7%	(21.3%)

Impaired loans	$	6,935	Sales approach	Adjustment to sales comparison value to reconcile differences between comparable sales	-41.5%	to	40.0%	(-2.2%)
				Loss severity discount	1.8%	to	89.4%	(20.0%)


Impaired loans	$	8,258	Blended income and sales approach	Adjustment to sales comparison value to reconcile differences between comparable sales	-55.0%	to	25.0%	(-6.1%)
				Capitalization rate	5.8%	to	11.0%	(8.0%)
				Loss severity discount	0.9%	to	74.4%	(30.0%)


Other real estate owned	$	4,768	Income approach	Capitalization rate	9.0%	to	12.0%	(9.1%)
				Loss severity discount	0.9%	to	4.9%	(1.0%)

Other real estate owned	$	587	Sales approach	Adjustment to sales comparison value to reconcile differences between comparable sales	-11.9%	to	15.0%	(-3.5%)
				Loss severity discount	0.0%	to	36.9%	(9.6%)


Other real estate owned	$	971	Blended income and sales approach	Adjustment to sales comparison value to reconcile differences between comparable sales	-25.0%	to	0.0%	(-8.9%)
				Capitalization rate	7.5%	to	8.0%	(7.7%)
				Loss severity discount	0.0%	to	6.2%	(3.0%)

The Company carries its Loans held for sale and OREO at the expected sales price less selling costs.

The Company carries its impaired collateral dependent loans at 85% of the appraised or internally estimated value of the underlying property.

The Company did not have any liabilities that were carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

The estimated fair value of each material class of financial instruments at December 31, 2014 and 2013 and the related methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value are as follows:

Cash and Due from Banks, Overnight Interest-Earning Deposits and Federal Funds Sold:

The fair values of financial instruments that are short-term or reprice frequently and have little or no risk are considered to have a fair value that approximates carrying value (Level 1).

FHLB-NY stock:

The fair value is based upon the par value of the stock which equals its carrying value (Level 2).

Securities Available for Sale:

The estimated fair values of securities available for sale are contained in Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices (Level 1 input), where available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities and adjusted for differences between the quoted instrument and the instrument being valued (Level 2 input). When there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are valued using (Level 3 input).

Loans held for sale:

The fair value of non-performing loans held for sale is estimated through bids received on the loans and, as such, are classified as a Level 3 input.

Loans:

The estimated fair value of loans is estimated by discounting the expected future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and remaining maturities (Level 3 input).

For non-accruing loans, fair value is generally estimated by discounting management’s estimate of future cash flows with a discount rate commensurate with the risk associated with such assets or for collateral dependent loans 85% of the appraised or internally estimated value of the property (Level 3 input).

Due to Depositors:

The fair values of demand, passbook savings, NOW, money market deposits and escrow deposits are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting dates (i.e. their carrying value) (Level 1). The fair value of fixed-maturity certificates of deposits are estimated by discounting the expected future cash flows using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities (Level 2 input).

Borrowings:

The estimated fair value of borrowings are estimated by discounting the contractual cash flows using interest rates in effect for borrowings with similar maturities and collateral requirements (Level 2 input) or using a market-standard model (Level 3 input).

Interest Rate Caps:

The estimated fair value of interest rate caps is based upon broker quotes (Level 2 input).

Interest Rate Swaps:

The estimated fair value of interest rate swaps is based upon broker quotes (Level 2 input).

Other Real Estate Owned:

OREO are carried at fair value less selling costs. The fair value is based on appraised value through a current appraisal, or sometimes through an internal review, additionally adjusted by the estimated costs to sell the property (Level 3 input).

Other Financial Instruments:

The fair values of commitments to sell, lend or borrow are estimated using the fees currently charged or paid to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties or on the estimated cost to terminate them or otherwise settle with the counterparties at the reporting date. For fixed-rate loan commitments to sell, lend or borrow, fair values also consider the difference between current levels of interest rates and committed rates (where applicable).

At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the fair values of the above financial instruments approximate the recorded amounts of the related fees and were not considered to be material.

The following table sets forth the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of selected financial instruments based on the assumptions described above used by the Company in estimating fair value at December 31, 2014:

	December 31, 2014
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Assets:

Cash and due from banks	$	34,265	$	34,265	$	34,265	$	-	$	-
Mortgage-backed Securities		704,933		704,933		-		704,933		-
Other securities		268,377		268,377		-		245,768		22,609
Loans		3,810,373		3,871,087		-		-		3,871,087
FHLB-NY stock		46,924		46,924		-		46,924		-
Interest rate swaps		84		84		-		84		-
OREO		6,326		6,326		-		-		6,326

Total assets	$	4,871,282	$	4,931,996	$	34,265	$	997,709	$	3,900,022


Liabilities:
Deposits	$	3,508,598	$	3,524,123	$	2,202,775	$	1,321,348	$	-
Borrowings		1,056,492		1,070,428		-		1,041,657		28,771
Interest rate swaps		2,649		2,649		-		2,649		-

Total liabilities	$	4,567,739	$	4,597,200	$	2,202,775	$	2,365,654	$	28,771

	December 31, 2013
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Assets:

Cash and due from banks	$	33,485	$	33,485	$	33,485	$	-	$	-
Mortgage-backed Securities		756,156		756,156		-		756,156		-
Other securities		261,634		261,634		-		237,476		24,158
Loans held for sale		425		425		-		-		425
Loans		3,434,178		3,502,792		-		-		3,502,792
FHLB-NY stock		46,025		46,025		-		46,025		-
Interest rate caps		-		-		-		-		-
Interest rate swaps		2,081		2,081		-		2,081		-
OREO		2,985		2,985		-		-		2,985

Total assets	$	4,536,969	$	4,605,583	$	33,485	$	1,041,738	$	3,530,360


Liabilities:
Deposits	$	3,232,780	$	3,253,261	$	2,111,825	$	1,141,436	$	-
Borrowings		1,012,122		1,034,799		-		1,005,229		29,570

Total liabilities	$	4,244,902	$	4,288,060	$	2,111,825	$	2,146,665	$	29,570

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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