Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2020

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

B. Summary of significant accounting policies

(1) Accounting estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant estimates impacting the consolidated financial statements include accruals that have been established for contingent liabilities, pending claims and legal actions arising in the normal course of business, useful lives of property, plant and equipment, residual values of tanks, capitalization of customer tank installation costs, amortization methods of intangible assets, valuation methods used to value sales returns and allowances, allowance for doubtful accounts, fair value of reporting units, recoverability of long-lived assets, assumptions used to value business combinations, determination of incremental borrowing rate used to measure right-of-use asset and lease liability, fair values of derivative contracts and stock-based compensation calculations.

(2) Principles of consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements present the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Ferrellgas Partners, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Ferrellgas Partners Finance Corp., and the operating partnership, its majority-owned subsidiary, after elimination of all intercompany accounts and transactions. We have determined that the operating partnership is a variable interest entity for whom Ferrellgas Partners has no ability through voting rights or similar rights to make decisions and thus does not have the power to direct the activities of the operating partnership that most significantly impact economic performance. However, we have determined that the accounts of Ferrellgas Partners’ majority-owned subsidiary should be included because Ferrellgas Partners is most closely associated with the operations of the operating partnership due to the fact that Ferrellgas Partners has the obligation to absorb the losses of and the right to receive benefits from the operating partnership that are significant to the operating partnership and substantially all the assets and liabilities of Ferrellgas Partners consist of the operating partnership. The operating partnership includes the accounts of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The general partner’s approximate 1% general partner interest in the operating partnership is accounted for as a noncontrolling interest. The wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary of the operating partnership, Ferrellgas Receivables, LLC (“Ferrellgas Receivables”), is a special purpose entity that has agreements with the operating partnership to securitize, on an ongoing basis, a portion of its trade accounts receivable.

Certain prior-year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation.

(3) Fair value measurements: Ferrellgas measures certain of its assets and liabilities at fair value, which is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants – in either the principal market or the most advantageous market. The principal market is the market with the greatest level of activity and volume for the asset or liability.

The common framework for measuring fair value utilizes a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values. The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below with Level 1 having the highest priority and Level 3 having the lowest.

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.

(4) Accounts receivable: Accounts receivable are reported on the consolidated balance sheets at the gross outstanding amount adjusted for an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable that are acquired are initially recorded at fair value on the date of acquisition. Provisions for uncollectible accounts are established based upon our collection experience and the assessment of the collectability of specific amounts. Accounts receivable are written off in the period in which the receivable is deemed uncollectible.

(5) Accounts receivable securitization: Through its wholly-owned and consolidated subsidiary Ferrellgas Receivables, Ferrellgas has agreements to securitize, on an ongoing basis, substantially all of its trade accounts receivable.

(6) Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using weighted average cost and actual cost methods.

(7) Property, plant and equipment: Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and routine repairs are expensed as incurred. Ferrellgas capitalizes computer software, equipment replacement and betterment expenditures that upgrade, replace or completely rebuild major mechanical components and extend the original useful life of the equipment. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from two to 30 years. Ferrellgas, using its best estimates based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and projections, tests long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of its assets or asset groups might not be recoverable. The recoverability tests for property, plant and equipment are performed at the asset group level that represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The recoverability test is performed by determining the carrying value of the asset group and comparing it to the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset group. The expected future cash flows are estimated based on Ferrellgas management’s plans. If the carrying value exceeds the expected undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the estimated fair market value and the carrying value of the asset group.

(8) Goodwill: Ferrellgas records goodwill as the excess of the cost of acquisitions over the fair value of the related net assets at the date of acquisition. Ferrellgas tests goodwill for impairment annually during the second quarter or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying value. Ferrellgas has determined that it has two reporting units for goodwill impairment testing purposes. As of July 31, 2020, one of these reporting units contains goodwill that is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair-value-based test. Under this test, the carrying value of each reporting unit is determined by assigning the assets and liabilities, including the existing goodwill and intangible assets, to those reporting units as of the date of the evaluation on a specific identification basis. To the extent a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, the reporting unit’s goodwill is impaired. The amount of impairment would be equal to the lesser of the excess of reporting unit carrying value over its fair value and the reporting unit’s recorded amount of goodwill. Ferrellgas completed its most recent annual goodwill impairment test on January 31, 2020 and did not incur an impairment loss.

(9) Intangible assets: Intangible assets with finite useful lives, consisting primarily of customer related assets and non-compete agreements, permits, favorable lease arrangements and patented technology are stated at cost, net of accumulated amortization calculated using the straight-line method over periods ranging from two to 15 years. When necessary, intangible assets’ useful lives are revised and the impact on amortization reflected on a prospective basis. Trade names and trademarks have indefinite lives, are not amortized, and are stated at cost. Ferrellgas tests finite-lived intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets or asset groups might not be recoverable. Ferrellgas tests indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually on January 31 or more frequently if circumstances dictate. The recoverability tests for definite-lived intangible assets are performed at the asset group level that represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The recoverability test is performed by determining the carrying value of the asset group and comparing it to the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset group. The expected future cash flows are estimated based on Ferrellgas management’s plans. If the carrying value exceeds the expected undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the estimated fair market value and the carrying value of the asset group.

(10) Derivative instruments and hedging activities:

Commodity and Transportation Fuel Price Risk.

Ferrellgas’ overall objective for entering into commodity based derivative contracts, including commodity options and swaps, is to hedge a portion of its exposure to market fluctuations in propane, gasoline and diesel prices.

Ferrellgas’ risk management activities primarily attempt to mitigate price risks related to the purchase, storage, transport and sale of propane generally in the contract and spot markets from major domestic energy companies on a short-term basis. Ferrellgas attempts to mitigate these price risks through the use of financial derivative instruments and forward propane purchase and sales contracts. Additionally, from time to time Ferrellgas risk management activities attempt to mitigate price risks related to the purchase of gasoline and diesel fuel for use in the transport of propane from retail fueling stations through the use of financial derivative instruments.

Ferrellgas’ risk management strategy involves taking positions in the forward or financial markets that are equal and opposite to Ferrellgas’ positions in the physical products market in order to minimize the risk of financial loss from an adverse price change. This risk management strategy is successful when Ferrellgas’ gains or losses in the physical product markets are offset by its losses or gains in the forward or financial markets. The propane related financial derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges. The gasoline and diesel related financial derivatives have not historically been formally designated and documented as a hedge of exposure to fluctuations in the market price of fuel.

Ferrellgas’ risk management activities may include the use of financial derivative instruments including, but not limited to, futures, swaps, and options to seek protection from adverse price movements and to minimize potential losses. Ferrellgas enters into these financial derivative instruments primarily with brokers who are clearing members with the Intercontinental Exchange or the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and, to a lesser extent, directly with third parties in the over-the-counter market. All of Ferrellgas’ financial derivative instruments are reported on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value.

Ferrellgas also enters into forward propane purchase and sales contracts with counterparties. These forward contracts qualify for the normal purchase normal sales exception within GAAP guidance and are therefore not recorded on Ferrellgas’ financial statements until settled.

On the date that derivative contracts are entered into, other than those designated as normal purchases or normal sales, Ferrellgas makes a determination as to whether the derivative instrument qualifies for designation as a hedge. These financial instruments are formally designated as a hedge of a specific underlying exposure, and that designation as well as the risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transaction are documented. Because of the high degree of correlation between the hedging instrument and the underlying exposure being hedged, fluctuations in the value of the derivative instrument are generally offset by changes in the anticipated cash flows of the underlying exposure being hedged. Since the fair value of these derivatives fluctuates over their contractual lives, their fair value amounts should not be viewed in isolation, but rather in relation to the anticipated cash flows of the underlying hedged transaction and the overall reduction in Ferrellgas’ risk relating to adverse fluctuations in propane prices. Ferrellgas formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the financial instruments that are used in hedging transactions are effective at offsetting changes in the anticipated cash flows of the related underlying exposures. Any ineffective portion of a financial instrument’s change in fair value is recognized in “Cost of product sold - propane and other gas liquids sales” in the consolidated statements of operations. Financial instruments formally designated and documented as a hedge of a specific underlying exposure are recorded gross at fair value as either “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets, net”, “Other current liabilities”, or “Other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income.

Financial instruments not formally designated and documented as a hedge of a specific underlying exposure are recorded at fair value as “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets, net”, “Other current liabilities”, or “Other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value reported in “Operating expense” on the consolidated statements of operations.

Interest Rate Risk.

Fluctuations in interest rates subject Ferrellgas to interest rate risk. Decreases in interest rates increase the fair value of Ferrellgas’ fixed rate debt, while increases in interest rates subject Ferrellgas to the risk of increased interest expense related to its variable rate borrowings.

Ferrellgas may enter into fair value hedges to help reduce its fixed interest rate risk. Interest rate swaps may be used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of fixed rate debt due to changes in interest rates. Fixed rate debt that has been designated as being hedged is adjusted to offset the change in the fair value of interest rate derivatives that are fair value hedges, which are classified as “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets, net”, Other current liabilities” or as “Other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of fixed rate debt and any related fair value hedges are recognized as they occur in “Interest expense” on the consolidated statements of operations.

Ferrellgas may enter into cash flow hedges to help reduce its variable interest rate risk. Interest rate swaps are used to hedge the risk associated with rising interest rates and their effect on forecasted interest payments related to variable rate borrowings. These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges. Thus, the effective portions of changes in the fair value of the hedges are recorded in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets, net”, “Other current liabilities” or as “Other liabilities” with an offsetting entry to “Other comprehensive income” at interim periods and are subsequently recognized as interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations when the forecasted transaction impacts earnings. Changes in the fair value of any cash flow hedges that are considered ineffective are recognized as interest expense on the consolidated statement of operations as they occur.

(11) Revenue recognition: Revenues from Ferrellgas’ propane operations and related equipment sales segment are recognized at the time product is delivered with payments generally due 30 days after receipt. Amounts are considered past due after 30 days. Ferrellgas determines accounts receivable allowances based on management’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the customers and other collection actions. Ferrellgas offers “even pay” billing programs that can create customer deposits or advances. Revenue is recognized from these customer deposits or advances to customers at the time product is delivered. Other revenues, which include revenue from the sale of propane appliances and equipment is recognized at the time of delivery or installation. Ferrellgas recognizes shipping and handling revenues and expenses for sales of propane, appliances and equipment at the time of delivery or installation. Shipping and handling revenues are included in the price of propane charged to customers, and are classified as revenue. Revenues from annually billed, non-refundable propane tank rentals are recognized in “Revenues: other” on a straight-line basis over one year.

Prior to the dispositions in 2018 which constituted Ferrellgas’ Midstream operations segment, revenues included crude oil sales, pipeline tariffs, trucking fees, rail throughput fees, pipeline management services, leasing, throughput, storage and salt water disposal. These revenues were recognized upon completion of the related service or delivery of product.

(12) Shipping and handling expenses: Shipping and handling expenses related to delivery personnel, vehicle repair and maintenance and general liability expenses are classified within “Operating expense – personnel, vehicle, plant and other” in the consolidated statements of operations. Depreciation expenses on delivery vehicles Ferrellgas owns are classified within “Depreciation and amortization expense.” Delivery vehicles and distribution technology under operating leases by Ferrellgas are classified within “Operating expense – equipment lease expense.” Delivery vehicles and distribution technology under finance leases by Ferrellgas are classified within “Depreciation and amortization expense.”

See Note F – Supplemental financial statement information – for the financial statement presentation of shipping and handling expenses.

(13) Cost of sales: “Cost of sales – propane and other gas liquids sales” includes all costs to acquire propane and other gas liquids, the costs of storing and transporting inventory prior to delivery to Ferrellgas’ customers, the results from risk management activities to hedge related price risk and the costs of materials related to the refurbishment of Ferrellgas’ portable propane tanks. “Cost of sales - midstream operations” includes all costs incurred to purchase and transport crude oil, including the costs of terminaling and transporting crude oil prior to delivery to customers and the costs of salt water disposal. “Cost of sales – other” primarily includes costs related to the sale of propane appliances and equipment.

(14) Operating expense: “Operating expense – personnel, vehicle, plant and other” primarily includes the personnel, vehicle, delivery, handling, plant, office, selling, marketing, credit and collections and other expenses.

(15) General and administrative expense: “General and administrative expense” primarily includes personnel and incentive expense related to executives and employees, as well as other overhead expenses related to centralized corporate functions.

(16) Stock-based plans:

Ferrell Companies, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plans (“ICPs”)

The ICPs are not Ferrellgas stock-compensation plans; however, in accordance with Ferrellgas’ partnership agreements, all Ferrellgas employee-related costs incurred by Ferrell Companies are allocated to Ferrellgas. As a result, Ferrellgas incurs a non-cash compensation charge from Ferrell Companies. During the years ended July 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the portion of the total non-cash compensation charge relating to the ICPs was zero. During fiscal 2020 there were no plan-based awards granted under the ICP and all outstanding stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) are currently valued at zero.

Ferrell Companies is authorized to issue up to 9.25 million SARs that are based on shares of Ferrell Companies common stock. The SARs were established by Ferrell Companies to allow upper-middle and senior level managers as well as directors of the general partner to participate in the equity growth of Ferrell Companies. The SARs awards vest ratably over periods ranging from zero to 10 years or 100% upon a change of control of Ferrell Companies, or upon the death, disability or retirement at the age of 65 of the participant. All awards expire 10 years from the date of issuance. The fair value of each award is estimated on each balance sheet date using a binomial valuation model.

(17) Income taxes: Ferrellgas Partners is a publicly-traded master limited partnership with one subsidiary that is a taxable corporation. The operating partnership is a limited partnership with three subsidiaries that are taxable corporations. Partnerships are generally not subject to federal income tax, although publicly-traded partnerships are treated as corporations for federal income tax purposes and therefore subject to Federal income tax unless a qualifying income test is satisfied. If this qualifying income test is satisfied, the publicly-traded partnership will be treated as a partnership for Federal income tax purposes. Based on Ferrellgas’ calculations, Ferrellgas Partners satisfies the qualifying income test. As a result, except for the taxable corporations, Ferrellgas Partners’ earnings or losses for Federal income tax purposes are included in the tax returns of the individual partners, Ferrellgas Partners’ unitholders. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Ferrellgas Partners reflect federal income taxes related to the above mentioned taxable corporations and certain states that allow for income taxation of partnerships. Net earnings for financial statement purposes may differ significantly from taxable income reportable to Ferrellgas Partners unitholders as a result of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities, the taxable income allocation requirements under Ferrellgas Partners’ partnership agreement and differences between Ferrellgas Partners’ financial reporting fiscal year end and its calendar tax year end.

Income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:


	For the year ended July 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Current expense	$	297	$	180	$	1,140
Deferred expense (benefit)		554		143		(3,818)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	851	$	323	$	(2,678)

Deferred taxes consisted of the following:


	July 31,
	2020		2019
Deferred tax assets (included in Other assets, net)	$	4	$	631
Deferred tax liabilities (included in Other liabilities)		(3)		(76)
Net deferred tax asset	$	1	$	555

(18) Sales taxes: Ferrellgas accounts for the collection and remittance of sales tax on a net tax basis. As a result, these amounts are not reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.

(19) Net loss per common unitholders’ interest: Net loss per common unitholders’ interest is computed by dividing “Net loss attributable to Ferrellgas Partners, L.P.,” after deducting the general partner’s approximate 1% interest, by the weighted average number of outstanding common units and the dilutive effect, if any, of outstanding unit options. See Note Q – Net loss per common unitholders’ interest – for further discussion about these calculations.

(20) Loss contingencies: In the normal course of business, Ferrellgas is involved in various claims and legal proceedings. Ferrellgas records a liability for such matters when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. When only a range of possible loss can be established, the most probable amount in the range is accrued. If no amount within this range is a better estimate than any other amount within the range, the minimum amount in the range is accrued. Legal costs associated with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.

(21) New accounting standards:

FASB Accounting Standard Update No. 2016‑02

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 became effective for Ferrellgas for its annual reporting period beginning August 1, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. Ferrellgas adopted the standard using the transition relief option in ASU 2018-11, “Leases: Targeted Improvements” which, among other things, provides entities with an option to recognize the cumulative-effect adjustment from the modified retrospective application to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption and consequently, to continue to report comparative periods in compliance with the prior guidance (ASC 840).

Ferrellgas elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify, meaning it does not recognize right-of-use assets (“ROU assets”) or lease liabilities for those leases. Ferrellgas also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components for its most significant leasing activity, which includes vehicle and real estate leases.

Additionally, Ferrellgas elected the package of three practical expedients which allows entities to not reassess initial direct costs, lease classification for existing or expired leases, and lease definition for existing or expired contracts as of the effective date of August 1, 2019. Ferrellgas did not, however, elect the hindsight method practical expedient which would have allowed it to reassess lease terms and impairment.

FASB Accounting Standard Update No. 2016‑13

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016‑13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) which requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. Ferrellgas adopted the amended guidance effective August 1, 2020. Ferrellgas does not expect this adoption to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

FASB Accounting Standard Update No. 2017‑12

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017‑12, Financial Instruments - Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which is intended to improve the financial reporting for hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements. This standard became effective for Ferrellgas for its fiscal year beginning August 1, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. Ferrellgas applied ASU No. 2017-12 using a modified retrospective approach for cash flow hedges existing at the date of adoption and prospectively for the presentation and disclosure guidance. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Ferrellgas, L.P. [Member]

Significant Accounting Policies

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

B. Summary of significant accounting policies

(1)

Accounting estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant estimates impacting the consolidated financial statements include accruals that have been established for contingent liabilities, pending claims and legal actions arising in the normal course of business, useful lives of property, plant and equipment, residual values of tanks, capitalization of customer tank installation costs, amortization methods of intangible assets, valuation methods used to value sales returns and allowances, allowance for doubtful accounts, fair value of reporting units, recoverability of long-lived assets, assumptions used to value business combinations, determination of incremental borrowing rate used to measure right-of-use asset and lease liability, fair values of derivative contracts and stock-based compensation calculations.

(2)

Principles of consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements present the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of Ferrellgas, L.P. and its subsidiaries after elimination of all intercompany accounts and transactions. Ferrellgas, L.P. consolidates the following wholly-owned entities: Bridger Logistics, LLC, Sable Environmental, LLC, Sable SWD 2, LLC, Blue Rhino Global Sourcing, Inc., Blue Rhino Canada, Inc., Ferrellgas Real Estate, Inc., Ferrellgas Finance Corp. and Ferrellgas Receivables, LLC (“Ferrellgas Receivables”), a special purpose entity that has agreements with Ferrellgas, L.P. to securitize, on an ongoing basis, a portion of its trade accounts receivable.

Certain prior-year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation.

(3)

Fair value measurements: Ferrellgas, L.P. measures certain of its assets and liabilities at fair value, which is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants – in either the principal market or the most advantageous market. The principal market is the market with the greatest level of activity and volume for the asset or liability.

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.

(4)

Accounts receivable: Accounts receivable are reported on the consolidated balance sheets at the gross outstanding amount adjusted for an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable that are acquired are initially recorded at fair value on the date of acquisition. Provisions for uncollectible accounts are established based upon our collection experience and the assessment of the collectability of specific amounts. Accounts receivable are written off in the period in which the receivable is deemed uncollectible.

(5)

Accounts receivable securitization: Through its wholly-owned and consolidated subsidiary Ferrellgas Receivables, Ferrellgas, L.P. has agreements to securitize, on an ongoing basis, substantially all of its trade accounts receivable.

(6)

Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using weighted average cost and actual cost methods.

(7)

Property, plant and equipment: Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and routine repairs are expensed as incurred. Ferrellgas, L.P. capitalizes computer software, equipment replacement and betterment expenditures that upgrade, replace or completely rebuild major mechanical components and extend the original useful life of the equipment. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from two to 30 years. Ferrellgas, L.P., using its best estimates based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and projections, tests long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of its assets or asset groups might not be recoverable. The recoverability tests for property, plant and equipment are performed at the asset group level that represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The recoverability test is performed by determining the carrying value of the asset group and comparing it to the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset group. The expected future cash flows are estimated based on Ferrellgas, L.P. management’s plans. If the carrying value exceeds the expected undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the estimated fair market value and the carrying value of the asset group.

(8)

Goodwill: Ferrellgas, L.P. records goodwill as the excess of the cost of acquisitions over the fair value of the related net assets at the date of acquisition. Ferrellgas, L.P. tests goodwill for impairment annually during the second quarter or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying value. Ferrellgas, L.P. has determined that it has two reporting units for goodwill impairment testing purposes. As of July 31, 2020, one of these reporting units contains goodwill that is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair-value-based test. Under this test, the carrying value of each reporting unit is determined by assigning the assets and liabilities, including the existing goodwill and intangible assets, to those reporting units as of the date of the evaluation on a specific identification basis. To the extent a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, the reporting unit’s goodwill is impaired. The amount of impairment would be equal to the lesser of the excess of reporting unit carrying value over its fair value and the reporting unit’s recorded amount of goodwill. Ferrellgas, L.P. completed its most recent annual goodwill impairment test on January 31, 2020 and did not incur an impairment loss.

(9)

Intangible assets: Intangible assets with finite useful lives, consisting primarily of customer related assets and non-compete agreements, permits, favorable lease arrangements and patented technology are stated at cost, net of accumulated amortization calculated using the straight-line method over periods ranging from two to 15 years. When necessary, intangible assets’ useful lives are revised and the impact on amortization reflected on a prospective basis. Trade names and trademarks have indefinite lives, are not amortized, and are stated at cost. Ferrellgas, L.P. tests finite-lived intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets or asset groups might not be recoverable. Ferrellgas, L.P. tests indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually on January 31 or more frequently if circumstances dictate. The recoverability tests for definite-lived intangible assets are performed at the asset group level that represents the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. The recoverability test is performed by determining the carrying value of the asset group and comparing it to the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows of the asset group. The expected future cash flows are estimated based on Ferrellgas, L.P. management’s plans. If the carrying value exceeds the expected undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the estimated fair market value and the carrying value of the asset group.

(10)

Derivative instruments and hedging activities:

Commodity and Transportation Fuel Price Risk.

Ferrellgas, L.P.’s overall objective for entering into commodity based derivative contracts, including commodity options and swaps, is to hedge a portion of its exposure to market fluctuations in propane, gasoline and diesel prices.

Ferrellgas, L.P.’s risk management activities primarily attempt to mitigate price risks related to the purchase, storage, transport and sale of propane generally in the contract and spot markets from major domestic energy companies on a short-term basis. Ferrellgas, L.P attempts to mitigate these price risks through the use of financial derivative instruments and forward propane purchase and sales contracts. Additionally, from time to time Ferrellgas, L.P.’s risk management activities attempt to mitigate price risks related to the purchase of gasoline and diesel fuel for use in the transport of propane from retail fueling stations through the use of financial derivative instruments.

Ferrellgas, L.P.’s risk management strategy involves taking positions in the forward or financial markets that are equal and opposite to Ferrellgas, L.P.’s positions in the physical products market in order to minimize the risk of financial loss from an adverse price change. This risk management strategy is successful when Ferrellgas, L.P.’s gains or losses in the physical product markets are offset by its losses or gains in the forward or financial markets. These propane related financial derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges. The gasoline and diesel related financial derivatives have not historically been formally designated and documented as a hedge of exposure to fluctuations in the market price of fuel.

Ferrellgas, L.P.’s risk management activities may include the use of financial derivative instruments including, but not limited to, futures, swaps, and options to seek protection from adverse price movements and to minimize potential losses. Ferrellgas, L.P. enters into these financial derivative instruments primarily with brokers who are clearing members with the Intercontinental Exchange or the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and, to a lesser extent, directly with third parties in the over-the-counter market. All of Ferrellgas, L.P.’s financial derivative instruments are reported on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value.

Ferrellgas, L.P. also enters into forward propane purchase and sales contracts with counterparties. These forward contracts qualify for the normal purchase normal sales exception within GAAP guidance and are therefore not recorded on Ferrellgas, L.P.’s financial statements until settled.

On the date that derivative contracts are entered into, other than those designated as normal purchases or normal sales, Ferrellgas, L.P. makes a determination as to whether the derivative instrument qualifies for designation as a hedge. These financial instruments are formally designated as a hedge of a specific underlying exposure and that designation, as well as the risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transaction are documented. Because of the high degree of correlation between the hedging instrument and the underlying exposure being hedged, fluctuations in the value of the derivative instrument are generally offset by changes in the anticipated cash flows of the underlying exposure being hedged. Since the fair value of these derivatives fluctuates over their contractual lives, their fair value amounts should not be viewed in isolation, but rather in relation to the anticipated cash flows of the underlying hedged transaction and the overall reduction in Ferrellgas, L.P.’s risk relating to adverse fluctuations in propane prices. Ferrellgas, L.P. formally assesses, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the financial instruments that are used in hedging transactions are effective at offsetting changes in the anticipated cash flows of the related underlying exposures. Any ineffective portion of a financial instrument’s change in fair value is recognized in “Cost of product sold - propane and other gas liquids sales” in the consolidated statements of operations. Financial instruments formally designated and documented as a hedge of a specific underlying exposure are recorded gross at fair value as either “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets, net”, “Other current liabilities” or “Other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income.

Interest Rate Risk.

Fluctuations in interest rates subject Ferrellgas, L.P. to interest rate risk. Decreases in interest rates increase the fair value of Ferrellgas, L.P.’s fixed rate debt, while increases in interest rates subject Ferrellgas, L.P. to the risk of increased interest expense related to its variable rate borrowings.

Ferrellgas, L.P. may enter into fair value hedges to help reduce its fixed interest rate risk. Interest rate swaps may be used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of fixed rate debt due to changes in interest rates. Fixed rate debt that has been designated as being hedged is adjusted to offset the change in the fair value of interest rate derivatives that are fair value hedges, which are classified as “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets, net”, Other current liabilities” or as “Other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of fixed rate debt and any related fair value hedges are recognized as they occur in “Interest expense” on the consolidated statements of operations.

Ferrellgas, L.P. may enter into cash flow hedges to help reduce its variable interest rate risk. Interest rate swaps are used to hedge the risk associated with rising interest rates and their effect on forecasted interest payments related to variable rate borrowings. These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges. Thus, the effective portions of changes in the fair value of the hedges are recorded in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets”, “Other assets, net”, “Other current liabilities” or as “Other liabilities” with an offsetting entry to “Other comprehensive income” at interim periods and are subsequently recognized as interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations when the forecasted transaction impacts earnings. Changes in the fair value of any cash flow hedges that are considered ineffective are recognized as interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations as they occur.

(11)

Revenue recognition: Revenues from Ferrellgas, L.P.’s propane operations and related equipment sales segment are recognized at the time product is delivered with payments generally due 30 days after receipt. Amounts are considered past due after 30 days. Ferrellgas, L.P. determines accounts receivable allowances based on management’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the customers and other collection actions. Ferrellgas, L.P. offers “even pay” billing programs that can create customer deposits or advances. Revenue is recognized from these customer deposits or advances to customers at the time product is delivered. Other revenues, which include revenue from the sale of propane appliances and equipment is recognized at the time of delivery or installation. Ferrellgas, L.P. recognizes shipping and handling revenues and expenses for sales of propane, appliances and equipment at the time of delivery or installation. Shipping and handling revenues are included in the price of propane charged to customers, and are classified as revenue. Revenues from annually billed, non-refundable propane tank rentals are recognized in “Revenues: other” on a straight-line basis over one year.

Prior to the dispositions in 2018 which constituted Ferrellgas, L.P.’s Midstream operations segment, revenues included crude oil sales, pipeline tariffs, trucking fees, rail throughput fees, pipeline management services, leasing, throughput, storage and salt water disposal. These revenues were recognized upon completion of the related service or delivery of product.

(12)

Shipping and handling expenses: Shipping and handling expenses related to delivery personnel, vehicle repair and maintenance and general liability expenses are classified within “Operating expense – personnel, vehicle, plant and other” in the consolidated statements of operations. Depreciation expenses on delivery vehicles Ferrellgas, L.P. owns are classified within “Depreciation and amortization expense.” Delivery vehicles and distribution technology under operating leases by Ferrellgas, L.P. are classified within “Operating expense – equipment lease expense.” Delivery vehicles and distribution technology under finance leases by Ferrellgas, L.P. are classified within “Depreciation and amortization expense.”

See Note F – Supplemental financial statement information – for the financial statement presentation of shipping and handling expenses.

(13)

Cost of sales: “Cost of sales – propane and other gas liquids sales” includes all costs to acquire propane and other gas liquids, the costs of storing and transporting inventory prior to delivery to Ferrellgas, L.P.’s customers, the results from risk management activities to hedge related price risk and the costs of materials related to the refurbishment of Ferrellgas, L.P.’s portable propane tanks. “Cost of sales - midstream operations” includes all costs incurred to purchase and transport crude oil, including the costs of terminaling and transporting crude oil prior to delivery to customers and the costs of salt water disposal. “Cost of sales – other” primarily includes costs related to the sale of propane appliances and equipment.

(14)

Operating expense: “Operating expense – personnel, vehicle, plant and other” primarily includes the personnel, vehicle, delivery, handling, plant, office, selling, marketing, credit and collections and other expenses.

(15)

General and administrative expense: “General and administrative expense” primarily includes personnel and incentive expense related to executives and employees, as well as other overhead expenses related to centralized corporate functions.

(16)

Stock-based plans:

Ferrell Companies, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plans (“ICPs”)

The ICPs are not Ferrellgas, L.P. stock-compensation plans; however, in accordance with Ferrellgas, L.P.’s partnership agreements, all Ferrellgas, L.P. employee-related costs incurred by Ferrell Companies are allocated to Ferrellgas, L.P. As a result, Ferrellgas, L.P. incurs a non-cash compensation charge from Ferrell Companies. During the years ended July 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the portion of the total non-cash compensation charge relating to the ICPs was zero. During fiscal 2020 there were no plan-based awards granted under the ICP and all outstanding stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) are currently valued at zero.

(17)

Income taxes: Ferrellgas, L.P. is a limited partnership and owns three subsidiaries that are taxable corporations. As a result, except for the taxable corporations, Ferrellgas, L.P.’s earnings or losses for federal income tax purposes are included in the tax returns of the individual partners. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Ferrellgas, L.P. reflect federal income taxes related to the above mentioned taxable corporations and certain states that allow for income taxation of partnerships. Net earnings for financial statement purposes may differ significantly from taxable income reportable to partners as a result of differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities, the taxable income allocation requirements under Ferrellgas, L.P.’s partnership agreement and differences between Ferrellgas, L.P.’s financial reporting fiscal year end and limited partners tax year end.

Income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:


	For the year ended July 31,
	2020		2019		2018
Current expense	$	248	$	150	$	1,119
Deferred expense (benefit)		554		143		(3,818)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	802	$	293	$	(2,699)

Deferred taxes consisted of the following:


	July 31,
	2020		2019
Deferred tax assets (included in Other assets, net)	$	4	$	631
Deferred tax liabilities (included in Other liabilities)		(3)		(76)
Net deferred tax asset	$	1	$	555

(18)

Sales taxes: Ferrellgas, L.P. accounts for the collection and remittance of sales tax on a net tax basis. As a result, these amounts are not reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.

(19)

Loss contingencies: In the normal course of business, Ferrellgas, L.P. is involved in various claims and legal proceedings. Ferrellgas, L.P. records a liability for such matters when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. When only a range of possible loss can be established, the most probable amount in the range is accrued. If no amount within this range is a better estimate than any other amount within the range, the minimum amount in the range is accrued. Legal costs associated with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.

(20)

New accounting standards:

FASB Accounting Standard Update No. 2016‑02

FASB Accounting Standard Update No. 2016‑13

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016 13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), which requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. Ferrellgas adopted the amended guidance effective August 1, 2020. Ferrellgas does not expect this adoption to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

FASB Accounting Standard Update No. 2017-12

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017 12, Financial Instruments - Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which is intended to improve the financial reporting for hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities in its financial statements. This standard became effective for Ferrellgas for its fiscal year beginning August 1, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. Ferrellgas applied ASU No. 2017-12 using a modified retrospective approach for cash flow hedges existing at the date of adoption and prospectively for the presentation and disclosure guidance. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.