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Derivative Financial Instruments
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative Financial Instruments

The following table provides a summary of derivative strategies and the related accounting treatment:
 
Cash Flow Hedges
Fair Value Hedges
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
Risk exposure
Variability in cash flows of interest payments on floating rate business loans, overnight funding and various LIBOR funding instruments.
Changes in value on fixed rate long-term debt, CDs, FHLB advances, loans and state and political subdivision securities due to changes in interest rates.
Risk associated with an asset or liability, including mortgage banking operations and MSRs, or for client needs. Includes exposure to changes in market rates and conditions subsequent to the interest rate lock and funding date for mortgage loans originated for sale.
Risk management objective
Hedge the variability in the interest payments and receipts on future cash flows for forecasted transactions related to the first unhedged payments and receipts of variable interest.
Convert the fixed rate paid or received to a floating rate, primarily through the use of swaps.
For interest rate lock commitment derivatives and LHFS, use mortgage-based derivatives such as forward commitments and options to mitigate market risk. For MSRs, mitigate the income statement effect of changes in the fair value of the MSRs. For client swaps, hedges are executed with dealer counterparties to offset market risk.
Treatment during the hedge period
Changes in value of the hedging instruments are recognized in AOCI until the related cash flows from the hedged item are recognized in earnings.
Changes in value of both the hedging instruments and the assets or liabilities being hedged are recognized in the income statement line item associated with the instrument being hedged.
Entire change in fair value recognized in current period income.
Treatment if hedge ceases to be highly effective or is terminated
Hedge is dedesignated. Changes in value recorded in AOCI before dedesignation are amortized to yield over the period the forecasted hedged transactions impact earnings.
If hedged item remains outstanding, the basis adjustment that resulted from hedging is amortized into earnings over the lesser of the designated hedged period or the maturity date of the instrument, and cash flows from terminations are reported in the same category as the cash flows from the hedged item.
Not applicable
Treatment if transaction is no longer probable of occurring during forecast period or within a short period thereafter
Hedge accounting ceases and any gain or loss in AOCI is reported in earnings immediately.
Not applicable
Not applicable


Impact of Derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

The fair values of derivative instruments are presented on a gross basis in other assets or other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Master netting arrangements allow counterparties to offset certain net derivative assets and liabilities with a defaulting party in determining the net termination amount. Collateral practices mitigate the potential loss impact to affected parties by requiring liquid collateral to be posted on a daily basis to secure the aggregate net exposure. Cash collateral is recorded in restricted cash in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. BB&T utilizes LCH Limited to clear swaps that are required to be cleared under the Dodd-Frank Act. Effective January 16, 2018, certain clearing agent rules were modified to treat variation margin payments as settlements of exposure instead of collateral. At December 31, 2018, settlements are applied against the fair value of the related derivative contracts in the table below. The following table presents the notional amount and estimated fair value of derivative instruments:
 
 
 
 
2018
 
2017
December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
 
Hedged Item or Transaction
 
Notional Amount
 
Fair Value
 
Notional Amount
 
Fair Value
 
 
 
Gain
 
Loss
 
 
Gain
 
Loss
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pay fixed swaps
 
3 mo. LIBOR funding
 
$
6,500

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
6,500

 
$
—

 
$
(126
)
Fair value hedges:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Receive fixed swaps
 
Long-term debt
 
12,908

 
5

 
(74
)
 
15,538

 
118

 
(166
)
Options
 
Long-term debt
 
4,785

 
—

 
(2
)
 
6,087

 
—

 
(1
)
Pay fixed swaps
 
Commercial loans
 
505

 
2

 
—

 
416

 
5

 
(1
)
Pay fixed swaps
 
Municipal securities
 
259

 
—

 
—

 
231

 
—

 
(76
)
Total
 
 
 
18,457

 
7

 
(76
)
 
22,272

 
123

 
(244
)
Not designated as hedges:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Client-related and other risk management:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Receive fixed swaps
 
 
 
11,577

 
128

 
(98
)
 
10,880

 
141

 
(61
)
Pay fixed swaps
 
 
 
11,523

 
19

 
(32
)
 
10,962

 
59

 
(155
)
Other
 
 
 
1,143

 
2

 
(3
)
 
1,658

 
4

 
(4
)
Forward commitments
 
 
 
2,883

 
11

 
(13
)
 
3,549

 
3

 
(2
)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
529

 
5

 
(2
)
 
470

 
3

 
(6
)
Total
 
 
 
27,655

 
165

 
(148
)
 
27,519

 
210

 
(228
)
Mortgage banking:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate lock commitments
 
702

 
12

 
—

 
1,308

 
7

 
(3
)
When issued securities, forward rate agreements and forward commitments
 
1,753

 
2

 
(20
)
 
3,124

 
4

 
(3
)
Other
 
 
 
271

 
2

 
(1
)
 
182

 
1

 
—

Total
 
 
 
2,726

 
16

 
(21
)
 
4,614

 
12

 
(6
)
MSRs:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts:
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Receive fixed swaps
 
 
 
4,328

 
—

 
—

 
4,498

 
15

 
(86
)
Pay fixed swaps
 
 
 
3,224

 
—

 
—

 
3,418

 
32

 
(13
)
Options
 
 
 
3,155

 
48

 
(2
)
 
4,535

 
50

 
(11
)
When issued securities, forward rate agreements and forward commitments
 
1,590

 
10

 
—

 
1,813

 
1

 
—

Other
 
 
 
103

 
—

 
—

 
3

 
—

 
—

Total
 
 
 
12,400

 
58

 
(2
)
 
14,267

 
98

 
(110
)
Total derivatives not designated as hedges
 
42,781

 
239

 
(171
)
 
46,400

 
320

 
(344
)
Total derivatives
 
 
 
$
67,738

 
246

 
(247
)
 
$
75,172

 
443

 
(714
)
Gross amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Amounts subject to master netting arrangements not offset due to policy election
 
 
 
(47
)
 
47

 
 

 
(297
)
 
297

Cash collateral (received) posted
 
 

 
(53
)
 
82

 
 

 
(20
)
 
344

Net amount
 
 
 
 

 
$
146

 
$
(118
)
 
 

 
$
126

 
$
(73
)


The following table presents additional information for fair value hedging relationships:
 
 
2018
 
2017
 
 
 
 
Hedge Basis Adjustment
 
 
 
Hedge Basis Adjustment
December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
 
Hedged Asset / Liability Basis
 
Items Currently Designated
 
Items No Longer Designated
 
Hedged Asset / Liability Basis
 
Items Currently Designated
 
Items No Longer Designated
AFS securities
 
$
493

 
$
5

 
$
54

 
$
533

 
$
64

 
$
10

Loans and leases
 
562

 
—

 
(3
)
 
511

 
(5
)
 
—

Long-term debt
 
15,397

 
(98
)
 
12

 
16,917

 
(49
)
 
140



Impact of Derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

No portion of the change in fair value of derivatives designated as hedges has been excluded from effectiveness testing.
The following table summarizes amounts related to cash flow hedges, which consist of interest rate contracts. Prior amounts and presentation were not conformed to new hedge accounting guidance that was adopted in 2018.
Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Pre-tax gain (loss) recognized in OCI:
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
$
15

 
 
 


Short-term borrowings
(3
)
 
 
 


Long-term debt
57

 
 
 


Total
69

 
$
10

 
$
(24
)
Pre-tax gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into interest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
(1
)
 
 
 


Short-term borrowings
1

 
 
 


Long-term debt
(12
)
 
 
 


Total
$
(12
)
 
$
(15
)
 
$
(11
)

The following table summarizes the impact on net interest income related to fair value hedges, which consist of interest rate contracts. Prior period amounts and presentation were not conformed to new hedge accounting guidance that was adopted in 2018.
Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
 
2016
AFS securities:
 
 


 
 
Amounts related to interest settlements
$
(5
)
 
 
 
 
Recognized on derivatives
12

 
 
 
 
Recognized on hedged items
(15
)
 
 
 
 
Net income (expense) recognized
(8
)
 
$
(16
)
 
$
(16
)
Loans and leases:
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts related to interest settlements
(2
)
 
 
 
 
Recognized on derivatives
(1
)
 
 
 
 
Recognized on hedged items
2

 
 
 
 
Net income (expense) recognized
(1
)
 
(3
)
 
(2
)
Long-term debt:


 


 


Amounts related to interest settlements
(30
)
 
 
 
 
Recognized on derivatives
(122
)
 
 
 
 
Recognized on hedged items
165

 
 
 
 
Net income (expense) recognized
13

 
148

 
226

Net income (expense) recognized, total
$
4

 
$
129

 
$
208


The following table presents pre-tax gain (loss) recognized in income for derivative instruments not designated as hedges:
Year Ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
Location
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Client-related and other risk management:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate contracts
Other noninterest income
$
40

 
$
50

 
$
52

Foreign exchange contracts
Other noninterest income
21

 
1

 
11

Mortgage banking:
 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts
Mortgage banking income
(5
)
 
(12
)
 
8

MSRs:
 
 

 
 

 
 

Interest rate contracts
Mortgage banking income
(65
)
 
—

 
31

Total
 
$
(9
)
 
$
39

 
$
102



The following table presents information about BB&T's cash flow and fair value hedges:
December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
 
2018
 
2017
Cash flow hedges:
 
 
 
 

Net unrecognized after-tax gain (loss) on active hedges recorded in AOCI
 
$
(18
)
 
$
(96
)
Net unrecognized after-tax gain (loss) on terminated hedges recorded in AOCI (to be recognized in earnings through 2022)
 
(13
)
 
3

Estimated portion of net after-tax gain (loss) on active and terminated hedges to be reclassified from AOCI into earnings during the next 12 months
 
4

 
(25
)
Maximum time period over which BB&T has hedged a portion of the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions excluding those transactions relating to the payment of variable interest on existing instruments
 
4 years

 
5 years

Fair value hedges:
 
 

 
 
Unrecognized pre-tax net gain (loss) on terminated hedges (to be recognized as interest primarily through 2029)
 
$
(39
)
 
$
129

Portion of pre-tax net gain (loss) on terminated hedges to be recognized as a change in interest during the next 12 months
 
15

 
49


 
Derivatives Credit Risk – Dealer Counterparties
 
Credit risk related to derivatives arises when amounts receivable from a counterparty exceed those payable to the same counterparty. The risk of loss is addressed by subjecting dealer counterparties to credit reviews and approvals similar to those used in making loans or other extensions of credit and by requiring collateral. Dealer counterparties operate under agreements to provide cash and/or liquid collateral when unsecured loss positions exceed minimal limits.
 
Derivative contracts with dealer counterparties settle on a monthly, quarterly or semiannual basis, with daily movement of collateral between counterparties required within established netting agreements. BB&T only transacts with dealer counterparties with strong credit standings.
 
Derivatives Credit Risk – Central Clearing Parties
 
With the exception of the central clearing party used for TBA transactions that does not post variation margin to BB&T, central clearing parties exchange cash on a daily basis to settle changes in exposure. Certain derivatives are cleared through central clearing parties that require initial margin collateral. Initial margin collateral requirements are established on varying bases, with such amounts generally designed to offset the risk of non-payment. Initial margin is generally calculated by applying the maximum loss experienced in value over a specified time horizon to the portfolio of existing trades.

The following table summarizes collateral positions with counterparties:
December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2018
 
2017
Dealer counterparties:
 
 
 
Cash collateral received from dealer counterparties
$
56

 
$
21

Derivatives in a net gain position secured by collateral received
55

 
22

Unsecured positions in a net gain with dealer counterparties after collateral postings
2

 
2

Cash collateral posted to dealer counterparties
75

 
172

Derivatives in a net loss position secured by collateral received
76

 
171

Additional collateral that would have been posted had BB&T's credit ratings dropped below investment grade
1

 
—

Central clearing parties:
 
 
 
Cash collateral, including initial margin, posted to central clearing parties
17

 
177

Derivatives in a net loss position
8

 
176

Securities pledged to central clearing parties
124

 
91