10-Q 1 ppl10q_3-05.htm PPL CORPORATION FORM 10-Q MARCH 2005 PPL Form 10-Q 1st Quarter 2005

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549

Form 10-Q

[X]

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005

OR

[  ]

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for the transition period from _________ to ___________

Commission File
Number

Registrant; State of Incorporation;
Address and Telephone Number

IRS Employer
Identification No.

1-11459

PPL Corporation
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
(Pennsylvania)
Two North Ninth Street
Allentown, PA 18101-1179
(610) 774-5151

23-2758192

333-74794

PPL Energy Supply, LLC
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
(Delaware)
Two North Ninth Street
Allentown, PA 18101-1179
(610) 774-5151

23-3074920

1-905

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
(Pennsylvania)
Two North Ninth Street
Allentown, PA 18101-1179
(610) 774-5151

23-0959590

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 

PPL Corporation

Yes  X   

No        

 

PPL Energy Supply, LLC

Yes  X   

No        

 

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

Yes  X   

No        

       

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrants are accelerated filers (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).

 

PPL Corporation

Yes  X  

No        

 

PPL Energy Supply, LLC

Yes       

No  X   

 

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

Yes       

No  X   

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

 

PPL Corporation

Common stock, $.01 par value, 189,753,784 shares outstanding at April 29, 2005, excluding 31,056,521 shares held as treasury stock

     
 

PPL Energy Supply, LLC

PPL Corporation indirectly holds all of the membership interests in PPL Energy Supply, LLC.

     
 

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

Common stock, no par value, 78,029,863 shares outstanding and all held by PPL Corporation at April 29, 2005, excluding 79,270,519 shares held as treasury stock

     

This document is available free of charge at the Investor Center on PPL's Web site at www.pplweb.com. However, information on this Web site does not constitute a part of this Form 10-Q.




PPL CORPORATION
PPL ENERGY SUPPLY, LLC
PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2005

Table of Contents

Page

GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

1

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income

2

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

3

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

4

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income

6

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

7

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

8

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income

10

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

11

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

12

Combined Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

14

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries

37

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries

48

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries

57

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

60

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

60

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

60

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

60

Item 6. Exhibits

61

SIGNATURES

62

COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries

63

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries

64

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries

65

CERTIFICATES OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL
OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

PPL Corporation

66

PPL Energy Supply, LLC

68

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

70

CERTIFICATES OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL
OFFICER PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

PPL Corporation

72

PPL Energy Supply, LLC

74

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

76

 




GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

 

£ - British pounds sterling.

2001 Senior Secured Bond Indenture - PPL Electric's Indenture, dated as of August 1, 2001, to JPMorgan Chase Bank, as trustee, as supplemented.

2004 Form 10-K - Annual Report to the SEC on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.

APA - Asset Purchase Agreement.

ARO - asset retirement obligation.

Bcf - billion cubic feet.

CGE - Compañia General de Electricidad, S.A., a distributor of electricity and natural gas with other industrial segments in Chile and Argentina, in which PPL Global had an 8.7% direct and indirect minority ownership interest until the sale of this interest in March 2004.

Clean Air Act - federal legislation enacted to address certain environmental issues related to air emissions including acid rain, ozone and toxic air emissions.

CTC - competitive transition charge on customer bills to recover allowable transition costs under the Customer Choice Act.

Customer Choice Act - the Pennsylvania Electricity Generation Customer Choice and Competition Act, legislation enacted to restructure the state's electric utility industry to create retail access to a competitive market for generation of electricity.

DEP - Department of Environmental Protection, a state government agency.

Derivative - a financial instrument or other contract with all three of the following characteristics:

  1. It has (1) one or more underlyings and (2) one or more notional amounts or payment provisions or both. Those terms determine the amount of the settlement or settlements, and, in some cases, whether or not a settlement is required.
  2. It requires no initial net investment or an initial net investment that is smaller than would be required for other types of contracts that would be expected to have a similar response to changes in market factors.
  3. Its terms require or permit net settlement, it can readily be settled net by a means outside the contract, or it provides for delivery of an asset that puts the recipient in a position not substantially different from net settlement.

DIG - Derivatives Implementation Group.

EITF - Emerging Issues Task Force, an organization that assists the FASB in improving financial reporting through the identification, discussion and resolution of financial accounting issues within the framework of existing authoritative literature.

EMF - electric and magnetic fields.

EPA - Environmental Protection Agency, a U.S. government agency.

EPS - earnings per share.

FASB - Financial Accounting Standards Board, a rulemaking organization that establishes financial accounting and reporting standards.

FERC - Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the federal agency that regulates interstate transmission and wholesale sales of electricity and related matters.

FIN - FASB Interpretation.

Fitch - Fitch Ratings.

FSP - FASB Staff Position.

GAAP - generally accepted accounting principles.

GWh - gigawatt-hour, one million kilowatt-hours.

Hyder - Hyder Limited, a subsidiary of WPDL that was the previous owner of South Wales Electricity plc. In March 2001, South Wales Electricity plc was acquired by WPDH Limited and renamed WPD (South Wales).

IRS - Internal Revenue Service, a U.S. government agency.

ISO - Independent System Operator.

ITC - intangible transition charge on customer bills to recover intangible transition costs associated with securitizing stranded costs under the Customer Choice Act.

LIBOR - London Interbank Offered Rate.

Montana Power - The Montana Power Company, a Montana-based company that sold its generating assets to PPL Montana in December 1999. Through a series of transactions consummated during the first quarter of 2002, Montana Power sold its electricity delivery business to NorthWestern.

Moody's - Moody's Investors Service, Inc.

MW - megawatt, one thousand kilowatts.

MWh - megawatt-hour, one thousand kilowatt-hours.

NorthWestern - NorthWestern Energy Division, a Delaware corporation and a subsidiary of NorthWestern Corporation and successor in interest to Montana Power's electricity delivery business, including Montana Power's rights and obligations under contracts with PPL Montana.

NPDES - National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System.

NRC - Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the federal agency that regulates the operation of nuclear power facilities.

NUGs(Non-Utility Generators) - generating plants not owned by public utilities, whose electrical output must be purchased by utilities under the PURPA if the plant meets certain criteria.

Ofgem - Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, the British agency that regulates transmission, distribution and wholesale sales of electricity and related matters.

PCB - polychlorinated biphenyl, an additive to oil used in certain electrical equipment up to the late-1970s. It is now classified as a hazardous chemical.

PEPS Units (Premium Equity Participating Security Units, or PEPSSM Units) - securities issued by PPL and PPL Capital Funding Trust I that consisted of a Preferred Security and a forward contract to purchase PPL common stock.

PEPS Units, Series B (Premium Equity Participating Security Units, or PEPSSM Units, Series B) - securities issued by PPL and PPL Capital Funding that consisted of an undivided interest in a debt security issued by PPL Capital Funding and guaranteed by PPL, and a forward contract to purchase PPL common stock.

PJM (PJM Interconnection, L.L.C.) - operator of the electric transmission network and electric energy market in all or parts of Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia.

PLR (Provider of Last Resort) - The role of PPL Electric in providing electricity to retail customers within its delivery territory who have not chosen to select an alternative electricity supplier under the Customer Choice Act.

PP&E - property, plant and equipment.

PPL - PPL Corporation, the parent holding company of PPL Electric, PPL Energy Funding and other subsidiaries.

PPL Capital Funding - PPL Capital Funding, Inc., a wholly owned financing subsidiary of PPL.

PPL Capital Funding Trust I - a Delaware statutory business trust created to issue the Preferred Security component of the PEPS Units. This trust was terminated in June 2004.

PPL Electric - PPL Electric Utilities Corporation, a regulated utility subsidiary of PPL that transmits and distributes electricity in its service territory and provides electric supply to retail customers in this territory as a PLR.

PPL Energy Funding - PPL Energy Funding Corporation, a subsidiary of PPL and the parent company of PPL Energy Supply.

PPL EnergyPlus - PPL EnergyPlus, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy Supply that markets wholesale and retail electricity, and supplies energy and energy services in deregulated markets.

PPL Energy Supply - PPL Energy Supply, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy Funding and the parent company of PPL Generation, PPL EnergyPlus, PPL Global and other subsidiaries.

PPL Gas Utilities - PPL Gas Utilities Corporation, a regulated utility subsidiary of PPL that specializes in natural gas distribution, transmission and storage services, and the competitive sale of propane.

PPL Generation - PPL Generation, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy Supply that owns and operates U.S. generating facilities through various subsidiaries.

PPL Global - PPL Global, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy Supply that owns and operates international energy businesses that are focused on the regulated distribution of electricity.

PPL Maine - PPL Maine, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Generation that owns generating operations in Maine.

PPL Martins Creek - PPL Martins Creek, LLC, a generating subsidiary of PPL Generation that owns generating operations in Pennsylvania.

PPL Montana - PPL Montana, LLC, an indirect subsidiary of PPL Generation that generates electricity for wholesale sales in Montana and the Pacific Northwest.

PPL Services - PPL Services Corporation, a subsidiary of PPL that provides shared services for PPL and its subsidiaries.

PPL Susquehanna - PPL Susquehanna, LLC, the nuclear generating subsidiary of PPL Generation.

PPL Transition Bond Company - PPL Transition Bond Company, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Electric that was formed to issue transition bonds under the Customer Choice Act.

Preferred Securities - company-obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities issued by PPL Capital Funding Trust I, which solely held debentures of PPL Capital Funding, and by SIUK Capital Trust I, which solely holds debentures of WPD LLP.

PUC - Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, the state agency that regulates certain ratemaking, services, accounting and operations of Pennsylvania utilities.

PURPA - Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, legislation passed by the U.S. Congress to encourage energy conservation, efficient use of resources and equitable rates.

PURTA - the Pennsylvania Public Utility Realty Tax Act.

Regulation S-X - SEC regulation governing the form and content of and requirements for financial statements required to be filed pursuant to the federal securities laws.

SCR - selective catalytic reduction, a pollution control process.

SEC - Securities and Exchange Commission, a U.S. government agency whose primary mission is to protect investors and maintain the integrity of the securities markets.

SFAS - Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, the accounting and financial reporting rules issued by the FASB.

SIUK Capital Trust I - a business trust created to issue preferred securities and whose common securities are held by WPD LLP.

S&P - Standard & Poor's Ratings Services.

Superfund - federal environmental legislation that addresses remediation of contaminated sites; states also have similar statutes.

Synfuel projects - production facilities that manufacture synthetic fuel from coal or coal byproducts. Favorable federal tax credits are available on qualified synthetic fuel products.

Tolling agreement - agreement whereby the owner of an electric generating facility agrees to use that facility to convert fuel provided by a third party into electric energy for delivery back to the third party.

WPD - refers collectively to WPDH Limited and WPDL.

WPD LLP - Western Power Distribution LLP, a wholly owned subsidiary of WPDH Limited, which owns WPD (South West) and WPD (South Wales).

WPD (South Wales) - Western Power Distribution (South Wales) plc, a British regional electric utility company.

WPD (South West) - Western Power Distribution (South West) plc, a British regional electric utility company.

WPDH Limited - Western Power Distribution Holdings Limited, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of PPL Global. WPDH Limited owns WPD LLP.

WPDL - WPD Investment Holdings Limited, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of PPL Global. WPDL owns 100% of the common shares of Hyder.



FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

Statements contained in this Form 10-Q concerning expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance and underlying assumptions and other statements which are other than statements of historical facts are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities laws. Although PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric believe that the expectations and assumptions reflected in these statements are reasonable, there can be no assurance that these expectations will prove to be correct. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. In addition to the specific factors discussed in the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" sections herein, the following are among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements:

  • market demand and prices for energy, capacity and fuel;
  • weather conditions affecting customer energy usage and operating costs;
  • competition in retail and wholesale power markets;
  • the effect of any business or industry restructuring;
  • the profitability and liquidity of PPL and its subsidiaries;
  • new accounting requirements or new interpretations or applications of existing requirements;
  • operation and availability of existing generation facilities and operating costs;
  • transmission and distribution system conditions and operating costs;
  • environmental conditions and requirements;
  • development of new projects, markets and technologies;
  • performance of new ventures;
  • asset acquisitions and dispositions;
  • political, regulatory or economic conditions in states, regions or countries where PPL or its subsidiaries conduct business;
  • receipt of necessary governmental permits, approvals and rate relief;
  • impact of state, federal or foreign investigations applicable to PPL and its subsidiaries and the energy industry;
  • the outcome of litigation against PPL and its subsidiaries;
  • capital market conditions, including changes in interest rates, and decisions regarding capital structure;
  • stock price performance;
  • the market prices of equity securities and the impact on pension income and resultant cash funding requirements for defined benefit pension plans;
  • securities and credit ratings;
  • state, federal and foreign regulatory developments;
  • foreign exchange rates;
  • new state, federal or foreign legislation, including new tax legislation;
  • national or regional economic conditions, including any potential effects arising from terrorist attacks in the U.S., the situation in Iraq and any consequential hostilities or other hostilities; and
  • the commitments and liabilities of PPL and its subsidiaries.

Any such forward-looking statements should be considered in light of such important factors and in conjunction with other documents of PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric on file with the SEC.

New factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for PPL, PPL Energy Supply or PPL Electric to predict all of such factors, or the extent to which any such factor or combination of factors may cause actual results to differ from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which such statement is made, and PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric undertake no obligations to update the information contained in such statement to reflect subsequent developments or information.



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars, except per share data)

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 
   

 
   

2005

   

2004

 

Operating Revenues

 

   

 
 

Utility

 

$

1,151

   

$

1,085

 
 

Unregulated retail electric and gas

   

25

     

31

 
 

Wholesale energy marketing

   

271

     

278

 
 

Net energy trading margins

   

16

     

6

 
 

Energy related businesses

   

139

     

119

 

 

Total

   

1,602

     

1,519

 

Operating Expenses

               
 

Operation

               
   

Fuel

   

245

     

205

 
   

Energy purchases

   

269

     

267

 
   

Other operation and maintenance

   

364

     

316

 
   

Amortization of recoverable transition costs

   

69

     

71

 
 

Depreciation

   

105

     

99

 
 

Taxes, other than income

   

73

     

57

 
 

Energy related businesses

   

148

     

138

 

 

Total

   

1,273

     

1,153

 

Operating Income

   

329

     

366

 

Other Income - net

   

9

     

11

 

Interest Expense

   

135

     

124

 

Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes, Minority Interest
  and Dividends on Preferred Stock

   

203

     

253

 

Income Taxes

   

32

     

72

 

Minority Interest

   

2

     

2

 

Dividends on Preferred Stock

   

1

     

1

 

Income from Continuing Operations

   

168

     

178

 

Loss from Discontinued Operations (net of income taxes)

           

1

 

Net Income

 

$

168

   

$

177

 

Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:

               
 

Income from Continuing Operations:

               
   

Basic

 

$

0.89

   

$

1.00

 
   

Diluted

 

$

0.88

   

$

0.99

 
 

Net income:

               
   

Basic

 

$

0.89

   

$

1.00

 
   

Diluted

 

$

0.88

   

$

0.99

 
                 

Dividends Declared Per Share of Common Stock

 

$

0.46

   

$

0.41

 

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

Three Months Ended
March 31,

   

 

2005

2004

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

$

309

$

317

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

Expenditures for property, plant and equipment

(169

)

(174

)

Investment in generating assets and electric energy projects

(18

)

Proceeds from the sale of minority interest in CGE

123

Purchases of auction rate securities

(39

)

Proceeds from the sale of auction rate securities

66

8

Net decrease in restricted cash

16

3

Other investing activities

(8

)

(1

)

Net cash used in investing activities

(95

)

(98

)

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

Issuance of common stock

24

12

Issuance of long-term debt

116

14

Retirement of long-term debt

(396

)

(107

)

Payment of common dividends

(77

)

(69

)

Payment of preferred dividends

(1

)

(1

)

Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt

265

(6

)

Other financing activities

(9

)

(1

)

Net cash used in financing activities

(78

)

(158

)

Effect of Exchange Rates on Cash and Cash Equivalents

2

4

Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents

138

65

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period

616

466

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period

$

754

$

531

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

March 31,
2005

   

December 31,
2004

 

Assets

               
                 

Current Assets

               
 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

754

   

$

616

 
 

Restricted cash

   

53

     

50

 
 

Accounts receivable (less reserve: 2005 and 2004, $88)

   

576

     

459

 
 

Unbilled revenues

   

355

     

407

 
 

Fuel, materials and supplies

   

267

     

309

 
 

Prepayments

   

160

     

56

 
 

Deferred income taxes

   

227

     

162

 
 

Price risk management assets

   

242

     

115

 
 

Other

   

65

     

130

 

       

2,699

     

2,304

 

                   

Investments

               
 

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates - at equity

   

54

     

51

 
 

Nuclear plant decommissioning trust fund

   

405

     

409

 
 

Other

   

12

     

12

 

       

471

     

472

 

                   

Property, Plant and Equipment - net

               
 

Electric plant in service

               
   

Transmission and distribution

   

5,998

     

5,927

 
   

Generation

   

4,019

     

4,007

 
   

General

   

456

     

480

 

         

10,473

     

10,414

 
 

Construction work in progress

   

164

     

148

 
 

Nuclear fuel

   

158

     

153

 

   

Electric plant

   

10,795

     

10,715

 
 

Gas and oil plant

   

213

     

213

 
 

Other property

   

219

     

221

 

       

11,227

     

11,149

 

                   

Regulatory and Other Noncurrent Assets

               
 

Recoverable transition costs

   

1,363

     

1,431

 
 

Goodwill

   

1,137

     

1,127

 
 

Other acquired intangibles

   

341

     

336

 
 

Other

   

940

     

942

 

       

3,781

     

3,836

 

                   
     

$

18,178

   

$

17,761

 

                   

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

March 31,
2005

   

December 31,
2004

 

Liabilities and Equity

               
                 

Current Liabilities

               
 

Short-term debt

 

$

306

   

$

42

 
 

Long-term debt

   

840

     

866

 
 

Accounts payable

   

412

     

407

 
 

Above market NUG contracts

   

72

     

73

 
 

Taxes

   

204

     

164

 
 

Interest

   

121

     

129

 
 

Dividends

   

88

     

79

 
 

Price risk management liabilities

   

295

     

167

 
 

Other

   

463

     

368

 

       

2,801

     

2,295

 

                   

Long-term Debt

   

6,550

     

6,792

 

                   

Long-term Debt with Affiliate Trust

   

89

     

89

 

                   

Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities

               
 

Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits

   

2,429

     

2,426

 
 

Accrued pension obligations

   

459

     

476

 
 

Asset retirement obligations

   

262

     

257

 
 

Above market NUG contracts

   

188

     

206

 
 

Other

   

976

     

874

 

       

4,314

     

4,239

 

                   

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

               

                 

Minority Interest

   

55

     

56

 

                 

Preferred Stock without Sinking Fund Requirements

   

51

     

51

 

Shareowners' Common Equity

               
 

Common stock

   

2

     

2

 
 

Capital in excess of par value

   

3,609

     

3,577

 
 

Treasury stock

   

(838

)

   

(838

)

 

Earnings reinvested

   

1,951

     

1,870

 
 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

   

(378

)

   

(323

)

 

Capital stock expense and other

   

(28

)

   

(49

)

       

4,318

     

4,239

 

                   
     

$

18,178

   

$

17,761

 

                   

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 
   

 
   

2005

   

2004

 

Operating Revenues

               
 

Wholesale energy marketing

 

$

271

   

$

278

 
 

Wholesale energy marketing to affiliate

   

415

     

410

 
 

Utility

   

293

     

279

 
 

Unregulated retail electric and gas

   

25

     

31

 
 

Net energy trading margins

   

16

     

6

 
 

Energy related businesses

   

133

     

114

 

 

Total

   

1,153

     

1,118

 

Operating Expenses

               
 

Operation

               
   

Fuel

   

192

     

159

 
   

Energy purchases

   

178

     

213

 
   

Energy purchases from affiliate

   

38

     

37

 
   

Other operation and maintenance

   

262

     

236

 
 

Depreciation

   

74

     

70

 
 

Taxes, other than income

   

25

     

26

 
 

Energy related businesses

   

139

     

131

 

 

Total

   

908

     

872

 

Operating Income

   

245

     

246

 

Other Income - net

   

10

     

11

 

Interest Expense

   

65

     

53

 

Interest Expense with Affiliate

   

7

     

3

 

Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes and Minority Interest

   

183

     

201

 

Income Taxes

   

26

     

52

 

Minority Interest

2

2

Income from Continuing Operations

   

155

     

147

 

Loss from Discontinued Operations (net of income taxes)

           

1

 

Net Income

 

$

155

   

$

146

 

 

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 
   

 
   

2005

   

2004

 

                 

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

 

$

299

   

$

272

 

                 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

               
 

Expenditures for property, plant and equipment

   

(123

)

   

(114

)

 

Investment in generating assets and electric energy projects

           

(18

)

 

Proceeds from the sale of minority interest in CGE

           

123

 
 

Purchases of auction rate securities

           

(9

)

 

Proceeds from the sale of auction rate securities

   

51

     

3

 
 

Net increase in notes receivable from affiliates

           

(4

)

 

Net decrease in restricted cash

   

17

     

2

 
 

Other investing activities

   

(8

)

   

(1

)

   

Net cash used in investing activities

   

(63

)

   

(18

)

                 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

               
 

Issuance of long-term debt

           

14

 
 

Contributions from Member

           

8

 
 

Retirement of long-term debt

   

(208

)

   

(5

)

 

Distributions to Member

   

(58

)

   

(63

)

 

Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt

   

165

     

(51

)

   

Net cash used in financing activities

   

(101

)

   

(97

)

                 

Effect of Exchange Rates on Cash and Cash Equivalents

   

2

     

4

 

                 

Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents

   

137

     

161

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period

   

357

     

222

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period

 

$

494

   

$

383

 

                 

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

March 31,
2005

   

December 31,
2004

 

Assets

               
                 

Current Assets

               
 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

494

   

$

357

 
 

Restricted cash

   

3

     

3

 
 

Accounts receivable (less reserve: 2005, $66; 2004, $68)

   

306

     

259

 
 

Unbilled revenues

   

219

     

250

 
 

Accounts receivable from affiliates

   

142

     

152

 
 

Collateral on PLR energy supply to affiliate

   

300

     

300

 
 

Fuel, materials and supplies

   

229

     

256

 
 

Prepayments

   

34

     

42

 
 

Deferred income taxes

   

171

     

128

 
 

Price risk management assets

   

242

     

113

 
 

Other

   

49

     

97

 

       

2,189

     

1,957

 

Investments

               
 

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates - at equity

   

54

     

51

 
 

Nuclear plant decommissioning trust fund

   

405

     

409

 
 

Other

   

5

     

5

 

     

464

     

465

 

                 

Property, Plant and Equipment - net

               
 

Electric plant in service

               
   

Transmission and distribution

   

3,581

     

3,523

 
   

Generation

   

4,019

     

4,007

 
   

General

   

232

     

254

 

         

7,832

     

7,784

 
 

Construction work in progress

   

128

     

115

 
 

Nuclear fuel

   

158

     

153

 

   

Electric plant

   

8,118

     

8,052

 
 

Gas and oil plant

   

20

     

21

 
 

Other property

   

154

     

156

 

       

8,292

     

8,229

 

                 

Other Noncurrent Assets

               
 

Goodwill

   

1,081

     

1,072

 
 

Other acquired intangibles

   

210

     

202

 
 

Other

   

559

     

559

 

       

1,850

     

1,833

 

                   
     

$

12,795

   

$

12,484

 

 

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

March 31,
2005

   

December 31,
2004

 

Liabilities and Equity

               
                 

Current Liabilities

               

Short-term debt

$

164

 

Long-term debt

   

5

   

$

181

 
 

Accounts payable

   

351

     

338

 
 

Accounts payable to affiliates

   

80

     

52

 
 

Above market NUG contracts

   

72

     

73

 
 

Taxes

   

93

     

101

 
 

Interest

   

83

     

87

 
 

Deferred revenue on PLR energy supply to affiliate

   

12

     

12

 
 

Price risk management liabilities

   

287

     

163

 
 

Other

   

300

     

262

 

       

1,447

     

1,269

 

                   

Long-term Debt

3,698

3,694

                   

Note Payable to Affiliate

495

495

                   

Long-term Debt with Affiliate Trust

89

89

                 

Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities

               
 

Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits

   

1,293

     

1,261

 
 

Accrued pension obligations

   

318

     

341

 
 

Asset retirement obligations

   

262

     

257

 
 

Above market NUG contracts

   

188

     

206

 
 

Deferred revenue on PLR energy supply to affiliate

   

43

     

46

 
 

Other

   

815

     

720

 

       

2,919

     

2,831

 

                   

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

               

                 

Minority Interest

   

55

     

56

 

                 

Member's Equity

   

4,092

     

4,050

 

                 
   

$

12,795

   

$

12,484

 

                 

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 
   

 
   

2005

   

2004

 

Operating Revenues

               

Retail electric

$

780

$

732

 

Wholesale electric

   

1

     

4

 
 

Wholesale electric to affiliate

   

38

     

37

 

 

Total

   

819

     

773

 

                 

Operating Expenses

               
 

Operation

               
   

Energy purchases

   

91

     

55

 
   

Energy purchases from affiliate

   

415

     

410

 
   

Other operation and maintenance

   

101

     

78

 
   

Amortization of recoverable transition costs

   

69

     

71

 
 

Depreciation

   

28

     

26

 
 

Taxes, other than income

   

47

     

31

 

 

Total

   

751

     

671

 

                   

Operating Income

   

68

     

102

 
                 

Other Income - net

   

4

     

1

 
                 

Interest Expense

   

53

     

49

 

                 

Income Before Income Taxes

   

19

     

54

 
                 

Income Taxes

   

3

     

20

 

                 

Income Before Dividends on Preferred Stock

   

16

     

34

 
                 

Dividends on Preferred Stock

   

1

     

1

 

                 

Income Available to PPL Corporation

 

$

15

   

$

33

 

 

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

Three Months Ended
March 31,

   

 
   

2005

   

2004

 

                 

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

 

$

4

   

$

44

 

                 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

               
 

Expenditures for property, plant and equipment

   

(40

)

   

(54

)

 

Purchases of auction rate securities

           

(30

)

 

Proceeds from the sale of auction rate securities

   

10

     

5

 
 

Net decrease in restricted cash

   

2

     

2

 
 

Other investing activities

           

1

 

   

Net cash used in investing activities

   

(28

)

   

(76

)

                 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

               
 

Issuance of long-term debt

   

116

         
 

Retirement of long-term debt

   

(188

)

   

(102

)

 

Payment of preferred dividends

   

(1

)

   

(1

)

 

Payment of common dividends to PPL Corporation

   

(16

)

   

(1

)

 

Net increase in short-term debt

   

100

     

45

 
 

Other financing activities

   

(5

)

       

   

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   

6

     

(59

)

                 

Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents

   

(18

)

   

(91

)

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period

   

151

     

162

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period

 

$

133

   

$

71

 

 

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

March 31,
2005

   

December 31,
2004

 

Assets

               
                 

Current Assets

               
 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

133

   

$

151

 
 

Restricted cash

   

42

     

42

 
 

Accounts receivable (less reserve: 2005, $20; 2004, $18)

   

234

     

179

 
 

Unbilled revenues

   

130

     

148

 
 

Accounts receivable from affiliates

   

6

     

17

 
 

Note receivable from affiliate

   

300

     

300

 
 

Prepayments

   

111

     

6

 
 

Prepayment on PLR energy supply from affiliate

   

12

     

12

 
 

Other

   

76

     

66

 

       

1,044

     

921

 

                 

Property, Plant and Equipment - net

               
 

Electric plant in service

               
   

Transmission and distribution

   

2,417

     

2,404

 
   

General

   

219

     

220

 

         

2,636

     

2,624

 
 

Construction work in progress

   

30

     

29

 

   

Electric plant

   

2,666

     

2,653

 
 

Other property

   

4

     

4

 

       

2,670

     

2,657

 

                   

Regulatory and Other Noncurrent Assets

               
 

Recoverable transition costs

   

1,363

     

1,431

 
 

Intangibles

   

116

     

117

 
 

Prepayment on PLR energy supply from affiliate

   

43

     

46

 
 

Other

   

357

     

354

 

       

1,879

     

1,948

 

                   
     

$

5,593

   

$

5,526

 

                   

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries

(Unaudited)

(Millions of Dollars)

   

March 31,
2005

   

December 31,
2004

 

Liabilities and Equity

               

Current Liabilities

Short-term debt

$

142

$

42

Long-term debt

485

336

Accounts payable

37

39

Accounts payable to affiliates

153

168

Taxes

60

46

Collateral on PLR energy supply from affiliate

300

300

Other

140

98

1,317

1,029

Long-term Debt

1,987

2,208

Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities

Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits

780

776

Other

187

190

967

966

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

Preferred Stock without Sinking Fund Requirements

51

51

Shareowner's Common Equity

Common stock

1,476

1,476

Additional paid-in capital

361

361

Treasury stock

(912

)

(912

)

Earnings reinvested

353

354

Capital stock expense and other

(7

)

(7

)

1,271

1,272

$

5,593

$

5,526

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of the financial statements.




Combined Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Terms and abbreviations appearing in Combined Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions, except per share data, unless otherwise noted.

  1. Interim Financial Statements

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X and, therefore, do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (including normal, recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. are reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements. The Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2004, is derived from each Registrant's 2004 audited Balance Sheet. The financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in each Registrant's 2004 Form 10-K. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2005, or other future periods, because results for interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various factors and developments and seasonal variations.

    Certain amounts in the March 31, 2004, and December 31, 2004, financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the presentation in the March 31, 2005, financial statements.

  2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

    The following accounting policy disclosures represent updates to the "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" Note in each Registrant's 2004 Form 10-K.

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    Depreciation

    PPL subsidiaries periodically review the depreciable lives of their fixed assets. In light of significant planned environmental capital expenditures, PPL Generation conducted studies of depreciable lives of Montour Units 1 and 2 and Brunner Island Unit 3 during the first quarter of 2005. Based on these studies, management determined that the useful lives for these units should be extended from 2025 to 2035. Therefore, effective January 1, 2005, PPL Generation revised the useful lives of these fossil units. The effect of this change for the first quarter of 2005 was to increase net income by approximately $2 million, as a result of lower depreciation.

    Goodwill

    The change in the carrying amount of "Goodwill," as shown on the Balance Sheet, was due to the effect of foreign exchange rates.

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    Stock-Based Compensation

    Effective January 1, 2003, PPL and its subsidiaries prospectively adopted the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation. If the fair value method had been used to account for all outstanding stock-based compensation awards in both periods, there would not have been a material impact on reported net income and EPS.

    See Note 16 for a discussion of SFAS 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment."

    In SFAS 123 (revised 2004) the FASB provided additional guidance on the requirement to accelerate expense recognition for employees who are at or near retirement age and who are under a plan that allows for accelerated vesting upon an employee's retirement which is relevant to prior accounting for stock-based compensation. PPL's plans allow for accelerated vesting upon an employee's retirement. Thus, for employees who are retirement eligible when stock-based awards are granted, PPL will recognize the expense immediately. For employees who are not retirement eligible when stock-based awards are granted, PPL will amortize the awards over the shorter of the vesting period or the period up to the employee's attainment of retirement age. Retirement eligible has been defined as the early retirement age of 55 under PPL's primary pension plans.

    (PPL)

    In the first quarter of 2005, PPL recorded an adjustment of approximately $10 million after tax, or $0.06 per share, to accelerate stock-based compensation expense for retirement-eligible employees. Approximately $5 million of the total, or $0.03 per share, was related to prior periods. The prior period amounts were not material to previously issued financial statements.

    (PPL Energy Supply)

    In the first quarter of 2005, PPL Energy Supply recorded a charge of approximately $7 million after tax to accelerate stock-based compensation expense for retirement-eligible employees. Approximately $4 million of the after-tax total was related to prior periods. The prior period amounts were not material to previously issued financial statements.

    (PPL Electric)

    In the first quarter of 2005, PPL Electric recorded a charge of approximately $3 million after tax to accelerate stock-based compensation expense for retirement-eligible employees. Approximately $1 million of the after-tax total was related to prior periods. The prior period amounts were not material to previously issued financial statements.

    New Accounting Standards

    See Note 16 for information on new accounting standards pending adoption.

  3. Segment and Related Information

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    See the "Segment and Related Information" Note in each Registrant's 2004 Form 10-K for a discussion of reportable segments. As of March 31, 2005, there were no changes to the reportable segments except that the segments were renamed to more specifically describe their businesses. The reportable segments are now Supply, International Delivery (formerly International) and Pennsylvania Delivery (formerly Delivery).

    Financial data for the segments are as follows:

       

    Three Months Ended March 31,

     

       

    PPL

       

    PPL Energy Supply

     

       

    2005

       

    2004

       

    2005

       

    2004

     

    Income Statement Data

                                   

    Revenues from external customers

                                   
     

    Supply

     

    $

    434

       

    $

    417

       

    $

    843

       

    $

    823

     
     

    International Delivery

       

    310

         

    295

         

    310

         

    295

     
     

    Pennsylvania Delivery (a)

       

    858

         

    807

                     

           

    1,602

         

    1,519

         

    1,153

         

    1,118

     

    Intersegment revenues

                                   
     

    Supply

       

    416

         

    410

                     
     

    Pennsylvania Delivery (a)

       

    38

         

    38

                     
                                     

    Net Income

                                   
     

    Supply

       

    86

         

    89

         

    93

         

    98

     
     

    International Delivery (b)

       

    62

         

    48

         

    62

         

    48

     
     

    Pennsylvania Delivery (a)

       

    20

         

    40

                     

       

    $

    168

       

    $

    177

       

    $

    155

       

    $

    146

     
                 

    PPL

    PPL Energy Supply

       

    March 31,
    2005

       

    December 31,
    2004

       

    March 31,
    2005

       

    December 31,
    2004

     

    Balance Sheet Data

                                   

    Total assets

                                   
     

    Supply

     

    $

    7,009

       

    $

    6,673

       

    $

    7,389

       

    $

    7,094

     
     

    International Delivery

       

    5,406

         

    5,390

         

    5,406

         

    5,390

     
     

    Pennsylvania Delivery (a)

       

    5,763

         

    5,698

                     

         

    $

    18,178

       

    $

    17,761

       

    $

    12,795

       

    $

    12,484

     

    (a)

     

    The Pennsylvania Delivery segment is not a component of PPL Energy Supply.

    (b)

     

    2004 includes the "Loss from Discontinued Operations." See Note 8 for additional information.


  4. Earnings Per Share

    (PPL)

    Basic EPS is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated using weighted-average shares outstanding that are increased for additional shares that would be outstanding if potentially dilutive securities were converted to common stock. Potentially dilutive securities consist of:

    stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units granted under the incentive compensation plans;

    stock units representing common stock granted under the directors compensation programs;

    common stock purchase contracts that were a component of the PEPS Units and PEPS Units, Series B; and

    convertible senior notes.

    The basic and diluted EPS calculations, and the reconciliation of the shares (in thousands) used in the calculations, are shown below:

       

    Three Months
    Ended March 31,

     

       

    2005

       

    2004

     

    Income (Numerator)

                   

    Income from continuing operations

     

    $

    168

       

    $

    178

     
     

    Loss from discontinued operations (net of income taxes)

               

    1

     

    Net Income

     

    $

    168

       

    $

    177

     
                     

    Shares (Denominator)

                   

    Shares for Basic EPS

       

    189,060

         

    177,150

     

    Add incremental shares:

                   
     

    Convertible Senior Notes

       

    584

             
     

    Stock options and other share-based awards

       

    1,031

         

    607

     

    Shares for Diluted EPS

       

    190,675

         

    177,757

     
                     

    Basic EPS

                   

    Income from continuing operations

     

    $

    0.89

       

    $

    1.00

     
     

    Loss from discontinued operations (net of income taxes)

                   

    Net Income

     

    $

    0.89

       

    $

    1.00

     
                     

    Diluted EPS

                   

    Income from continuing operations

     

    $

    0.88

       

    $

    0.99

     
     

    Loss from discontinued operations (net of income taxes)

                   

    Net Income

     

    $

    0.88

       

    $

    0.99

     

    In May 2001, PPL and PPL Capital Funding Trust I issued 23 million PEPS Units that contained a purchase contract component for PPL's common stock. The purchase contracts were only dilutive if the average price of PPL's common stock exceeded a threshold appreciation price, which was adjusted for cash distributions on PPL common stock. The threshold appreciation price was initially set at $65.03 and was adjusted to $63.38 as of April 1, 2004, based on dividends paid on PPL's common stock since issuance. The purchase contracts were settled in May 2004. Since the average price did not exceed the threshold appreciation price, the purchase contracts were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation for 2004.

    In January 2004, PPL completed an exchange offer resulting in the exchange of approximately four million PEPS Units for PEPS Units, Series B. The primary difference in the units related to the debt component. The purchase contract components of both units, which were potentially dilutive, were identical. The threshold appreciation price for the purchase contract component of the PEPS Units, Series B was adjusted in the same manner as that of the PEPS Units and was $63.38 as a result of the adjustment as of April 1, 2004. These purchase contracts were settled in May 2004. Since the average price did not exceed the threshold appreciation price, the purchase contracts were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation for 2004.

    In May 2003, PPL Energy Supply issued $400 million of 2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023. Based on the terms at the time of issuance, the Convertible Senior Notes could be settled entirely in cash or shares of PPL common stock. The notes were modified in November 2004 to require cash settlement of the principal amount, permit settlement of any conversion premium in cash or stock and eliminate a provision that required settlement in stock in the event of default. These modifications were made in response to the FASB's ratification in October 2004 of EITF Issue 04-8, "The Effect of Contingently Convertible Instruments on Diluted Earnings per Share," as well as other anticipated rules relating to EPS. EITF Issue 04-8 requires contingently convertible instruments to be included in diluted EPS. It also requires restatement of prior-period diluted EPS, in certain circumstances, based upon the terms of the contingently convertible instruments as of the date of adoption, which was December 31, 2004, for PPL.

    Based upon the current conversion rate of 20.1106 shares per $1,000 principal of notes, the Convertible Senior Notes will have a dilutive impact when the average market price of PPL common stock exceeds the conversion price of $49.73. The Convertible Senior Notes did not have a dilutive impact on EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2004.

    The maximum number of shares that could potentially be issued to settle the conversion premium, based upon the current conversion rate, is 8,044,240 shares. Based on PPL's common stock price at March 31, 2005, the conversion premium equated to 635,461 shares, or approximately $34 million.

    The following number of stock options to purchase PPL common shares were excluded in the periods' computations of diluted EPS because the effect would have been antidilutive.

     

     

     

     

    Three Months
    Ended March 31,

     

    (Thousands of Shares)

     

    2005

       

    2004

     

    Antidilutive stock options

     

    804

       

    747

     

  5. Income Taxes

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    Reconciliations of effective income tax rates are as follows:

       

    Three Months
    Ended March 31,

     

    PPL

     

    2005

       

    2004

     

    Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense

                   
     

    Indicated federal income tax on pre-tax income at statutory tax rate - 35%

     

    $

    71

       

    $

    89

     

    Increase (decrease) due to:

                   
     

    State income taxes

       

    (2

    )

       

    4

     
     

    Amortization of investment tax credit

       

    (3

    )

       

    (3

    )

     

    Difference related to income recognition of foreign affiliates (net of foreign income taxes)

       

    (10

    )

       

    (3

    )

     

    Federal income tax credits

       

    (24

    )

       

    (14

    )

     

    Other

               

    (1

    )

           

    (39

    )

       

    (17

    )

    Total income tax expense

     

    $

    32

       

    $

    72

     

    Effective income tax rate

       

    15.8%

         

    28.5%

     

    PPL Energy Supply

               

    Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense

                   
     

    Indicated federal income tax on pre-tax income at statutory tax rate - 35%

     

    $

    64

       

    $

    70

     

    Increase (decrease) due to:

                   
     

    State income taxes

       

    (1

    )

       

    1

     
     

    Amortization of investment tax credit

       

    (2

    )

       

    (2

    )

     

    Difference related to income recognition of foreign affiliates (net of foreign income taxes)

       

    (10

    )

       

    (3

    )

     

    Federal income tax credits

       

    (24

    )

       

    (14

    )

     

    Other

       

    (1

    )

           

           

    (38

    )

       

    (18

    )

    Total income tax expense

     

    $

    26

       

    $

    52

     

    Effective income tax rate

       

    14.2%

         

    25.9%

     

    PPL Electric

               

    Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense

                   
     

    Indicated federal income tax on pre-tax income at statutory tax rate - 35%

     

    $

    6

       

    $

    19

     

    Increase (decrease) due to:

                   
     

    State income taxes

       
         

    3

     
     

    Amortization of investment tax credit

       

    (1

    )

       

    (1

    )

     

    Release of tax reserves

       

    (2

    )

           
     

    Other

               

    (1

    )

           

    (3

    )

       

    1

     

    Total income tax expense

     

    $

    3

       

    $

    20

     

    Effective income tax rate

       

    15.8%

         

    37.0%

     

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In October 2004, President Bush signed the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (the Act). The Act creates a temporary incentive for U.S. corporations to repatriate accumulated income earned abroad by providing an 85% dividends received deduction for certain dividends from controlled foreign corporations. The deduction is subject to a number of limitations, and uncertainty remains as to how to interpret numerous provisions in the Act. As such, PPL Energy Supply is not in a position to decide on whether, and to what extent, it might repatriate foreign earnings that have not yet been remitted to the U.S. based on its analysis to date. However, it is reasonably possible that PPL Energy Supply may repatriate some amount between zero and $500 million, with the respective tax liability ranging from zero to $27 million. PPL Energy Supply expects to be in a position to finalize its assessment by December 31, 2005.

    The Act also provides, beginning in 2005, a tax deduction from income for certain qualified domestic production activities. FSP FAS 109-1, "Application of FASB Statement No. 109, 'Accounting for Income Taxes', to the Tax Deduction on Qualified Production Activities Provided by the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004," specifies that this tax deduction will be treated as a special deduction and not as a tax rate reduction. During the first quarter of 2005, the Treasury Department and the IRS issued interim guidance related to the tax deduction. Based on the interim guidance, PPL and PPL Energy Supply estimate an annual tax benefit for the year 2005 of approximately $3 million.

  6. Comprehensive Income

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    The after-tax components of comprehensive income are:

       

    Three Months Ended March 31,

     

       

    PPL

       

    PPL Energy Supply

     

       

    2005

       

    2004

       

    2005

       

    2004

     

    Net Income

     

    $

    168

       

    $

    177

       

    $

    155

       

    $

    146

     

    Other comprehensive income (loss):

                                   
                                     
     

    Foreign currency translation adjustments

       

    16

         

    79

         

    16

         

    79

     
                                     
     

    Disposition of investment in CGE - foreign currency translation adjustment
    (Note 8)

               

    10

                 

    10

     
                                     
     

    Unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities

       

    (5

    )

       

    (3

    )

       

    (5

    )

       

    (3

    )

                                     
     

    Unrealized loss on qualifying derivatives

       

    (66

    )

       

    (36

    )

       

    (66

    )

       

    (33

    )

     

    Total other comprehensive income (loss)

       

    (55

    )

       

    50

         

    (55

    )

       

    53

     

    Comprehensive Income

     

    $

    113

       

    $

    227

       

    $

    100

       

    $

    199

     

    (PPL Electric)

    PPL Electric's comprehensive income approximates net income.

  7. Credit Arrangements and Financing Activities

    Credit Arrangements

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric maintain credit facilities in order to enhance liquidity, and as a credit back-stop to their respective commercial paper programs. PPL Electric maintains two credit facilities: a $100 million three-year credit facility maturing in June 2006 and a $200 million five-year credit facility maturing in June 2009. PPL Energy Supply also maintains two credit facilities: a $300 million three-year credit facility maturing in June 2006 and an $800 million five-year credit facility maturing in June 2009. At March 31, 2005, no cash borrowings were outstanding under any credit facilities of PPL Electric or PPL Energy Supply. Both PPL Electric and PPL Energy Supply have the ability to cause the lenders under their respective facilities to issue letters of credit. At March 31, 2005, PPL Electric had no letters of credit outstanding under its credit facilities, and PPL Energy Supply had $396 million of letters of credit outstanding under its credit facilities.

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    WPD (South West) maintains three credit facilities: a £100 million 364-day credit facility expiring in October 2005, a £150 million three-year credit facility expiring in October 2007, and a £150 million five-year credit facility expiring in October 2009. In December 2004, WPD (South West) borrowed £108 million (approximately $208 million at December 2004 exchange rates) under its credit facilities. This borrowing was recorded in January 2005 due to the one-month reporting lag. The balance outstanding under the WPD (South West) credit facilities at March 31, 2005, was £85 million (approximately $164 million at current exchange rates).

    WPD also has a £2.5 million uncommitted borrowing line, which has £1.25 million (approximately $2 million at current exchange rates) of letters of credit outstanding.

    In March 2005, PPL Energy Supply entered into a 364-day bilateral reimbursement agreement with a bank for the purpose of issuing letters of credit. Under the agreement, PPL Energy Supply can cause the bank to issue up to $200 million of letters of credit. As of March 31, 2005, there were no letters of credit outstanding under this agreement.

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    The subsidiaries of PPL are separate legal entities. PPL's subsidiaries are not liable for the debts of PPL. Accordingly, creditors of PPL may not satisfy their debts from the assets of the subsidiaries absent a specific contractual undertaking by a subsidiary to pay PPL's creditors or as required by applicable law or regulation. Similarly, absent a specific contractual undertaking or as required by applicable law or regulation, PPL is not liable for the debts of its subsidiaries. Accordingly, creditors of PPL's subsidiaries may not satisfy their debts from the assets of PPL absent a specific contractual undertaking by PPL to pay the creditors of its subsidiaries or as required by applicable law or regulation.

    Similarly, the subsidiaries of PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric are separate legal entities. These subsidiaries are not liable for the debts of PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric. Accordingly, creditors of PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric may not satisfy their debts from the assets of their subsidiaries absent a specific contractual undertaking by a subsidiary to pay the creditors or as required by applicable law or regulation. In addition, absent a specific contractual undertaking or as required by applicable law or regulation, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric are not liable for the debts of their subsidiaries. Accordingly, creditors of these subsidiaries may not satisfy their debts from the assets of PPL Energy Supply or PPL Electric absent a specific contractual undertaking by that parent to pay the creditors of its subsidiaries or as required by applicable law or regulation.

    Financing Activities

    (PPL)

    In April 2005, PPL Capital Funding retired all $320 million of its 7-3/4% Medium-term Notes due April 2005 at par value. The funds for the retirement were obtained from PPL Energy Supply's August 2004 issuance of $300 million of 5.40% Senior Notes maturing in August 2014.

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In December 2004, WPD borrowed £108 million (approximately $208 million at December 2004 exchange rates) under its credit facilities to retire $178 million of 6.75% Unsecured Bonds due December 2004 and settle the related $30 million cross currency swap. The total amount is included on the Statement of Cash Flows as "Retirement of long-term debt." This bond retirement was recorded in January 2005 due to the one-month reporting lag.

    At March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply had no commercial paper outstanding under its commercial paper program, but plans to access the commercial paper market in the second quarter of 2005.

    During the three months ended March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply distributed $58 million to its parent company.

    (PPL and PPL Electric)

    At March 31, 2005, $113 million of accounts receivable and $115 million of unbilled revenue were pledged under the credit agreement related to PPL Electric's asset-backed commercial paper program. Also at this date, there was $42 million of short-term debt outstanding under the credit agreement at an interest rate of 2.79%, with such debt being used to cash collateralize letters of credit issued on PPL Electric's behalf. At March 31, 2005, based on the accounts receivable and unbilled revenue pledged, an additional $103 million was available for borrowing. PPL Electric's sale to its subsidiary of the accounts receivable and unbilled revenue is an absolute sale of the assets, and PPL Electric does not retain an interest in these assets. However, for financial reporting purposes, the subsidiary's financial results are consolidated in PPL Electric's financial statements.

    In the first quarter of 2005, PPL Transition Bond Company made principal payments on transition bonds totaling $73 million.

    At March 31, 2005, PPL Electric had $100 million of commercial paper outstanding under its commercial paper program that had an average interest rate of 2.90%.

    In February 2005, the Lehigh County Industrial Development Authority (LCIDA) issued $116 million of 4.70% Pollution Control Revenue Refunding Bonds due 2029 on behalf of PPL Electric. The proceeds of the LCIDA bonds were used in March 2005 to refund the LCIDA's $116 million of 6.40% Pollution Control Revenue Refunding Bonds due 2029. PPL Electric has entered into a loan agreement with the LCIDA pursuant to which the LCIDA has loaned to PPL Electric the proceeds of the LCIDA bonds on payment terms that correspond to the LCIDA bonds. The scheduled principal and interest payments on the LCIDA bonds are insured. In order to secure its obligations to the insurance provider, PPL Electric issued $116 million aggregate principal amount of its Senior Secured Bonds (under its 2001 Senior Secured Bond Indenture), which also have payment terms that correspond to the LCIDA bonds.

    In April 2005, PPL Electric retired all $69 million of its 6-1/2% First Mortgage Bonds due April 2005 at par value.

    Dividends (PPL)

    In February 2005, PPL announced an increase to its quarterly common stock dividend, payable April 1, 2005, to 46 cents per share (equivalent to $1.84 per annum). Future dividends, declared at the discretion of the Board of Directors, will be dependent upon future earnings, cash flows, financial requirements and other factors.

  8. Acquisitions, Development and Divestitures

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    Domestic Generation Projects

    In 2003, PPL Maine entered into an agreement in principle with a coalition of government agencies and private groups to sell three of its nine hydroelectric dams in Maine.  The parties reached a final agreement in 2004 and submitted the plan to the FERC for approval. Under the agreement, a non-profit organization designated by the coalition would have a five-year option to purchase the dams for approximately $25 million, and PPL Maine would receive rights to increase energy output at its other hydroelectric dams in Maine. The coalition has announced plans to remove or bypass the dams subject to the agreement in order to restore runs of Atlantic salmon and other migratory fish to the Penobscot River. The agreement requires several approvals by the FERC, and PPL cannot predict whether or when these regulatory approvals will be obtained.

    In 2004, a subsidiary of PPL Generation agreed to sell the 450 MW Sundance power plant located in Pinal County, Arizona, to Arizona Public Service Company for approximately $190 million in cash, subject to the receipt of various state and federal regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. In January 2005, each party waived the remaining contractual obligation for approval by the state regulator, the Arizona Corporation Commission. The sale still requires approvals by the FERC under the Federal Power Act. PPL estimates that a loss on sale or impairment charge of about $47 million after tax, or $0.25 per share, could be recorded in 2005 depending on the timing and likelihood of obtaining FERC approvals. PPL cannot predict whether or when the FERC approvals for this transaction will be obtained.

    International Energy Projects

    Discontinued Operations

    In December 2003, PPL Global's Board of Managers authorized PPL Global to sell its investment in a Latin American telecommunications company, and approved a plan of sale. It was determined that this non-strategic business was not economically viable. PPL Global sold this investment to local management for a nominal amount in June 2004. The operating results of the Latin American telecommunications company, which were a loss of approximately $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, are reflected as "Loss from Discontinued Operations" on the Statement of Income.

    Sale of CGE

    In March 2004, PPL Global completed the sale of its minority interest in shares of CGE for approximately $123 million.  The sale resulted in a charge of approximately $15 million pre-tax, which is included in operating expenses, as "Energy related businesses," on the Statement of Income. This charge was due to the write-off of the associated cumulative translation adjustment, primarily as a result of the devaluation of the Chilean peso since the original acquisition in 2000.

  9. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

    Energy Purchases and Sales Commitments

    Energy Purchase Commitments (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into long-term purchase contracts to supply the fuel requirements for generation facilities. These include contracts to purchase coal, natural gas, oil and uranium. These contracts extend for terms through 2019. PPL and PPL Energy Supply also enter into long-term contracts for the storage and transport of natural gas. These contracts extend through 2014 and 2032, respectively. Additionally, PPL Energy Supply enters into long-term contracts to purchase power to meet load requirements and emissions allowances for its generation facilities. These contracts extend for terms through 2010.

    PPL Energy Supply entered into long-term power purchase agreements with two wind project developers to purchase the full output of their facilities when they begin commercial operation, which is expected by the end of 2005. One of the power purchase agreements is for 100 MW and extends for a term of 15 years, while the other is for 20 MW and extends for a term of 20 years.

    As part of the purchase of generation assets from Montana Power, PPL Montana assumed a power purchase agreement, which was still in effect at March 31, 2005. In accordance with purchase accounting guidelines, PPL Montana recorded a liability of $58 million as the estimated fair value of the agreement at the acquisition date. The liability is being reduced over the term of the agreement, through 2010, as an adjustment to "Energy purchases" on the Statement of Income. The unamortized balance of the liability related to the agreement at March 31, 2005, was $51 million and is included in "Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities - Other" on the Balance Sheet.

    Liability for Above Market NUG Contracts

    In 1998, PPL Electric recorded a loss accrual for above market contracts with NUGs of $854 million, due to its generation business being deregulated. Effective January 1999, PPL Electric began reducing this liability as an offset to "Energy purchases" on the Statement of Income. This reduction is based on the estimated timing of the purchases from the NUGs and projected market prices for this generation. The final existing NUG contract expires in 2014. In connection with the corporate realignment in 2000, the remaining balance of this liability was transferred to PPL EnergyPlus. At March 31, 2005, the remaining liability associated with the above market NUG contracts was $260 million.

    Energy Sales Commitments (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    PPL Energy Supply enters into long-term power sales contracts in connection with its load-serving activities or associated with certain of its power plants. These power sales contracts extend for terms through 2017. All long-term contracts were executed at pricing that approximated market rates, including profit margin, at the time of execution.

    As part of the purchase of generation assets from Montana Power, PPL Montana assumed a power sales agreement, which is still in effect at March 31, 2005. In accordance with purchase accounting guidelines, PPL Montana recorded a liability of $7 million as the estimated difference between the fair value and the market value of the agreement at the acquisition date. The agreement was re-evaluated under DIG Issue C20, "Scope Exceptions: Interpretation of the Meaning of Not Clearly and Closely Related in Paragraph 10(b) Regarding Contracts with a Price Adjustment Feature," which changed its fair value and reclassified it as a derivative instrument. The current liability balance is $6 million as of March 31, 2005.

    On July 1, 2002, PPL EnergyPlus began to sell to NorthWestern an aggregate of 450 MW of energy supplied by PPL Montana. Under two five-year agreements, PPL EnergyPlus is supplying 300 MW of around-the-clock electricity and 150 MW of unit-contingent on-peak electricity. PPL Montana also makes short-term energy sales to NorthWestern.

    In April 2003, the Maryland Public Service Commission authorized the competitive provision of the Standard Offer Service (SOS) to allow utilities to procure SOS for customers through the competitive selection of wholesale supply. In March 2004, PPL EnergyPlus was awarded an 11-month fixed-price SOS contract for customer load (approximately 60 MW) for Potomac Electric Power Company. This contract commenced in July 2004.

    As a result of New Jersey's Electric Discount and Energy Competition Act, the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities authorized and made available to power suppliers, on a competitive basis, the opportunity to provide Basic Generation Service (BGS) to all non-shopping New Jersey customers. In February 2003, PPL EnergyPlus was awarded a 34-month fixed-price BGS contract for a fixed percentage of customer load (approximately 1,000 MW) for Atlantic City Electric Company, Jersey Central Power & Light Company and Public Service Electric & Gas Company. This contract commenced in August 2003. In February 2004, PPL EnergyPlus was awarded a 12-month hourly energy price supply BGS contract for a fixed percentage of customer load (approximately 450 MW) for Atlantic City Electric Company, Jersey Central Power & Light Company and Public Service Electric & Gas Company. These contracts commenced in June 2004. In the first quarter of 2005, PPL EnergyPlus was awarded a portion of the Commercial Industrial Energy Pricing tranche, which will amount to approximately 85 MW after expected shopping. These contracts will commence in June 2005.

    In April 2003, PPL EnergyPlus entered into an agreement with Arizona Public Service Company to provide capacity and associated electricity. The remaining commitment is to provide 150 MW from June through September of 2005. See Note 8 for information regarding the possible sale of the Sundance power plant to Arizona Public Service Company.

    In January 2004, PPL EnergyPlus began supplying 12.5% of Connecticut Light & Power Company's Transitional Standard Offer load, under a three-year fixed-price contract. During peak hours, PPL EnergyPlus' obligation to supply the Transitional Standard Offer load may reach 625 MW.

    Legal Matters

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    PPL and its subsidiaries are involved in numerous legal proceedings, claims and litigation in the ordinary course of business. PPL and its subsidiaries cannot predict the outcome of such matters, or whether such matters may result in material liabilities.

    Montana Power Shareholders' Litigation (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In August 2001, a purported class-action lawsuit was filed by a group of shareholders of Montana Power against Montana Power, the directors of Montana Power, certain advisors and consultants of Montana Power and PPL Montana. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that Montana Power was required to, and did not, obtain shareholder approval of the sale of Montana Power's generation assets to PPL Montana in 1999. Although most of the claims in the complaint are against Montana Power, its board of directors, and its consultants and advisors, two claims are asserted against PPL Montana. In the first claim, plaintiffs seek a declaration that because Montana Power shareholders did not vote on the 1999 sale of generating assets to PPL Montana, that sale "was null and void ab initio." The second claim alleges that PPL Montana was privy to and participated in a strategy whereby Montana Power would sell its generation assets to PPL Montana without first obtaining Montana Power shareholder approval, and that PPL Montana has made net profits in excess of $100 million as the result of this alleged illegal sale. In the second claim, plaintiffs request that the court impose a "resulting and/or constructive trust" on both the generation assets themselves and all profits, plus interest on the amounts subject to the trust. This lawsuit is currently pending in the U.S. District Court of Montana, Butte Division. In July 2004, the plaintiffs notified the District Court that the parties had reached an oral partial settlement of the case that would result in the dismissal of PPL Montana as a defendant, and in January 2005 a global settlement agreement was filed with the District Court along with a motion to approve the agreement. Under the terms of the global settlement agreement, the plaintiffs' claims against PPL Montana would be dismissed and PPL Montana would not have to pay any amounts to the plaintiffs. The global settlement agreement must still be approved by the District Court. PPL and PPL Energy Supply cannot predict whether the global settlement agreement will be approved or the outcome of this matter if it is not approved.

    NorthWestern Corporation Litigation (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In connection with the acquisition of the Montana generation assets, the Montana Power APA, which was previously assigned to PPL Montana by PPL Global, includes a provision concerning the proposed purchase by PPL Montana of a portion of NorthWestern's interest in the 500-kilovolt Colstrip Transmission System (CTS) for $97 million. During 2002, PPL Montana had been in discussions with NorthWestern regarding the proposed purchase of the CTS and the claims that PPL Montana believes it has against NorthWestern arising from the Montana Power APA and related agreements. Notwithstanding such discussions, in September 2002, NorthWestern filed a lawsuit against PPL Montana in Montana state court seeking specific performance of PPL Montana's purchase of the CTS or, alternatively, damages for breach of contract. Pursuant to PPL Montana's application, the matter was removed to the U.S. District Court of Montana, Butte Division. Following removal, NorthWestern asserted additional claims for damages against PPL Montana, including a claim for punitive damages. PPL Montana filed defenses denying liability for NorthWestern's claims as well as counterclaims against NorthWestern seeking damages PPL Montana believes it has suffered under the Montana Power APA and related agreements.

    In October 2004, the federal district court in Delaware, where NorthWestern's bankruptcy proceeding had been pending, approved a joint stipulation between PPL Montana and NorthWestern under which NorthWestern agreed to establish a segregated reserve to be used for any distributions to be made to satisfy any final judgment that PPL Montana may be awarded pursuant to PPL Montana's counterclaims. This segregated reserve has been funded with shares of NorthWestern common stock equal to $50 million, valued as of the effective date of NorthWestern's plan of reorganization. Also in October, the federal district court in Delaware confirmed NorthWestern's plan of reorganization, and in November 2004, NorthWestern announced that it had officially emerged from bankruptcy protection.

    In May 2005, PPL Montana and NorthWestern reached an agreement in principle pursuant to which each of the parties will withdraw its claims in this litigation. Under the terms of this agreement, NorthWestern will retain the CTS and PPL Montana will pay NorthWestern $9 million. The settlement of this matter is subject to the parties' execution of a final agreement and the satisfaction of the terms and conditions of any such agreement, and PPL cannot be certain whether or when the parties will reach a final agreement. PPL and PPL Energy Supply recognized an after-tax charge of approximately $6 million (or $0.03 per share for PPL) in the first quarter of 2005 for a loss contingency related to this matter.

    If a final agreement between the parties is not reached, the trial for this matter is expected to commence in the Montana federal district court in the last half of 2005. PPL and PPL Energy Supply cannot be certain of the outcome of this matter.

    Montana Hydroelectric Litigation (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In October 2003, a lawsuit was filed against PPL Montana, PPL Services, Avista Corporation, PacifiCorp and nine John Doe defendants in the U.S. District Court of Montana, Missoula Division, by two residents allegedly acting in a representative capacity on behalf of the State of Montana. In January 2004, the complaint was amended to, among other things, include the Great Falls school districts as additional plaintiffs. In May 2004, the Montana Attorney General filed a motion to allow the State of Montana to intervene as an additional plaintiff in the litigation. This motion was granted without objection. The individual plaintiffs, the school districts and the State sought declaratory judgment, compensatory damages and attorneys fees and costs for use of state and/or "school trust" lands by hydropower facilities and to require the defendants to adequately compensate the State and/or the State School Trust fund for full market value of lands occupied. Generally, the suit is founded on allegations that the bed of navigable rivers became state-owned property upon Montana's admission to statehood, and that the use thereof for placement of dam structures, affiliated structures and reservoirs should, under an existing regulatory scheme, trigger lease payments for use of land underneath. The plaintiffs also sought relief on theories of unjust enrichment, trespass and negligence. No specific amount of damages or future rental value has been claimed by the plaintiffs. The defendants filed separate motions to dismiss the individual plaintiffs' and school district's complaint, as well as the complaint of the State of Montana. In September 2004, the federal court granted the motions to dismiss the individual plaintiffs' and school districts' complaint but denied the similar motions as to the State of Montana's complaint. Following the federal court's September decision, PPL Montana and the other defendants filed a motion to dismiss the State of Montana's complaint for lack of diversity jurisdiction and also filed a motion to vacate certain portions of the decision. The federal court has not yet ruled on these motions.

    In November 2004, PPL Montana, Avista Corporation and PacifiCorp commenced an action for declaratory judgment in Montana First Judicial District Court seeking a determination that no lease payments or other compensation for the hydropower facilities' use and occupancy of streambeds can be collected by the State of Montana. The State subsequently filed counterclaims and a motion for summary judgment. In February 2005, the individual plaintiffs and school districts who were dismissed from the federal court proceeding, along with a state teachers' union, filed a motion to intervene as additional defendants in this state court proceeding, and also filed a proposed answer and counterclaims to be used if their motion to intervene is granted. The state court denied this motion to intervene, but has not yet ruled on any of the other above-described motions. PPL and PPL Energy Supply cannot predict the outcome of either the federal or the state court proceeding.

    Regulatory Issues

    California ISO and Western Markets (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    Through its subsidiaries, PPL made approximately $18 million of sales to the California ISO during the period from October 2000 through June 2001, of which $17 million has not been paid to PPL subsidiaries. Given the myriad of electricity supply problems presently faced by the California electric utilities and the California ISO, PPL cannot predict whether or when it will receive payment. As of March 31, 2005, PPL has fully reserved for possible underrecoveries of payments for these sales.

    Regulatory proceedings arising out of the California electricity supply situation have been filed at the FERC. The FERC has determined that all sellers of energy into markets operated by the California ISO and the California Power Exchange, including PPL Montana, should be subject to refund liability for the period beginning October 2, 2000, through June 20, 2001, and initiated an evidentiary hearing concerning refund amounts. In April 2003, the FERC changed the manner in which this refund liability is to be computed and ordered further proceedings to determine the exact amounts that the sellers, including PPL Montana, would be required to refund. In September 2004, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that the FERC had the additional legal authority to order refunds for periods prior to October 2, 2000, and ordered the FERC to determine whether or not it would be appropriate to grant such additional refunds.

    In June 2003, the FERC took several actions as a result of a number of related investigations. The FERC terminated proceedings pursuant to which it had been considering whether to order refunds for spot market bilateral sales made in the Pacific Northwest, including sales made by PPL Montana, during the period December 2000 through June 2001. The FERC explained that the totality of the circumstances made refunds unfeasible and inequitable, and that it had provided adequate relief by adopting a price cap throughout the western U.S. The FERC also denied pending complaints against long-term contracts in the western U.S. In these complaints, various power buyers had challenged selected long-term contracts that they entered into during 2000 and 2001, complaining that the power prices were too high and reflected manipulation of those energy markets. The FERC found that the complainants had not met their burden of showing that changing or canceling the contracts was "in the public interest" and that the dysfunction in the California markets did not justify changing these long-term contracts. These orders have been appealed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. In two separate orders, the FERC also ordered 65 different companies, agencies or municipalities to show cause why they should not be ordered to disgorge profits for "gaming" or anomalous market behavior during 2000 and 2001. These orders to show cause address both unilateral and joint conduct identified as the "Enron trading strategies." Neither PPL EnergyPlus nor PPL Montana was included in these orders to show cause, and they previously have explained in responses to data requests from the FERC that they have not engaged in such trading strategies. Finally, the FERC issued a new investigation order directing its staff to investigate any bids made into the California markets in excess of $250/MWh during the period from May 2000 to October 2000, a period of time prior to the period examined in connection with most of the proceedings described above. To their knowledge, neither PPL EnergyPlus nor PPL Montana is being investigated by the FERC under this new order.

    Litigation arising out of the California electricity supply situation has been filed in California courts against sellers of energy to the California ISO. The plaintiffs and intervenors in these legal proceedings allege, among other things, abuse of market power, manipulation of market prices, unfair trade practices and violations of state antitrust laws, and seek other relief, including treble damages and attorneys' fees. While PPL's subsidiaries have not been named by the plaintiffs in these legal proceedings, PPL Montana was named by a defendant in its cross-complaint in a consolidated court proceeding, which combined into one master proceeding several of the lawsuits alleging antitrust violations and unfair trade practices. This generator denies that any unlawful, unfair or fraudulent conduct occurred but asserts that, if it is found liable, the other generators and power marketers, including PPL Montana, caused, contributed to and/or participated in the plaintiffs' alleged losses.

    In February 2004, the Montana Public Service Commission initiated a limited investigation of the Montana retail electricity market for the years 2000 and 2001, focusing on how that market was affected by transactions involving the possible manipulation of the electricity grid in the western U.S. The investigation includes all public utilities and licensed electricity suppliers in Montana, as well as other entities that may possess relevant information. Through its subsidiaries, PPL is a licensed electricity supplier in Montana and a wholesale supplier in the western U.S. In June 2004, the Montana Attorney General served PPL Montana and more than 20 other companies with subpoenas requesting documents, and PPL Montana has provided responsive documents to the Montana Attorney General. As with the other investigations taking place as a result of the issues arising out of the electricity supply situation in California and other western states, PPL and its subsidiaries believe that they have not engaged in any improper trading or marketing practices affecting the Montana retail electricity market.

    While PPL and its subsidiaries believe that they have not engaged in any improper trading practices, they cannot predict whether, or the extent to which, any PPL subsidiaries will be the target of any additional governmental investigations or named in other lawsuits or refund proceedings, the outcome of any such lawsuits or proceedings or whether the ultimate impact on them of the electricity supply situation in California and other western states will be material.

    PJM Capacity Litigation (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    In December 2002, PPL was served with a complaint against PPL, PPL EnergyPlus and PPL Electric filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania by a group of 14 Pennsylvania boroughs that apparently alleges, among other things, violations of the federal antitrust laws in connection with the pricing of installed capacity in the PJM daily market during the first quarter of 2001. These boroughs were wholesale customers of PPL Electric. The claims of the boroughs are similar to those previously alleged by a single borough in litigation brought in the same court that is still pending. In addition, in November 2003, PPL and PPL EnergyPlus were served with a complaint which was filed in the same court by Joseph Martorano, III (d/b/a ENERCO), that also alleges violations of the federal antitrust laws in early 2001. The complaint indicates that ENERCO provides consulting and energy procurement services to clients in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. In September 2004, this complaint was dismissed by the District Court and the plaintiff has appealed the dismissal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.

    Each of the U.S. Department of Justice - Antitrust Division, the FERC and the Pennsylvania Attorney General conducted investigations regarding PPL's PJM capacity market transactions in early 2001 and did not find any reason to take action against PPL.

    Although PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric believe the claims in these complaints are without merit, they cannot predict the outcome of these matters.

    New England Investigation (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In January 2004, PPL became aware of an investigation by the Connecticut Attorney General and the FERC's Office of Market Oversight and Investigation (OMOI) regarding allegations that natural gas-fired generators located in New England illegally sold natural gas instead of generating electricity during the week of January 12, 2004. Subsequently, PPL and other generators were served with a data request by OMOI. The data request indicated that PPL was not under suspicion of a regulatory violation, but that OMOI was conducting an initial investigation. PPL has responded to this data request. PPL also has responded to data requests of ISO - New England and data requests served by subpoena from the Connecticut Attorney General. Both OMOI and ISO - New England have issued preliminary reports finding no regulatory or other violations concerning these matters. While PPL does not believe that it committed any regulatory or other violations concerning the subject matter of these investigations, PPL cannot predict the outcome of these investigations.

    PJM Billing (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    In December 2004, Exelon Corporation, on behalf of its subsidiary, PECO Energy, Inc. (PECO), filed a complaint against PJM and PPL Electric with the FERC alleging that PJM had overcharged PECO from April 1998 through May 2003 as a result of an error by PJM in the State Estimator Model used in connection with billing all PJM customers for certain transmission, spot market energy and ancillary services charges. Specifically, the complaint alleges that PJM mistakenly identified PPL Electric's Elroy substation transformer as belonging to PECO and that, as a consequence, during times of congestion, PECO's bills for transmission congestion from PJM erroneously reflected energy that PPL Electric took from the Elroy substation and used to serve PPL Electric's load. The complaint requests the FERC, among other things, to direct PPL Electric to refund to PJM $39 million, plus interest of approximately $8 million, and for PJM to refund these same amounts to PECO. In February 2005, PPL Electric filed its response with the FERC stating that neither PPL Electric nor any of its affiliates should be held financially responsible or liable to PJM or PECO as a result of PJM's error.

    In April 2005, the FERC issued an Order Establishing Hearing and Settlement Judge Proceedings (the Order). In the Order, the FERC determined that PECO is entitled to reimbursement for the transmission congestion charges that PECO asserts PJM erroneously billed to it at the Elroy substation. The FERC set for additional proceedings before a judge the determination of the amount of the overcharge to PECO and which PJM market participants were undercharged and therefore are responsible for reimbursement to PECO. The FERC also ordered procedures before a judge to attempt to reach a settlement of the dispute.

    PPL and PPL Electric recognized an after-tax charge of approximately $27 million (or $0.14 per share for PPL) in the first quarter of 2005 for a loss contingency related to this matter. The pre-tax accrual was approximately $47 million, with $39 million included in "Energy purchases" on the Statement of Income, and $8 million in "Interest Expense."

    PPL, PPL Electric and PPL Energy Supply cannot be certain of the outcome of this matter or the impact on PPL and its subsidiaries. Some or all of the first quarter 2005 charges for this matter may be reversed in a future period depending on the outcome of this matter, the potential for recovery of any amounts paid as a result of the additional FERC proceedings, the application of the relevant provisions of the energy supply agreements between PPL Electric and PPL EnergyPlus and other factors. Depending on these factors, PPL Energy Supply, the parent company of PPL EnergyPlus, may incur some or all of the costs associated with this matter in a future period.

    FERC Market-Based Rate Authority (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In December 1998, the FERC issued an order authorizing PPL EnergyPlus to make wholesale sales of electric power and related products at market-based rates. In that order, the FERC directed PPL EnergyPlus to file an updated market analysis within three years of the date of the order, and every three years thereafter. PPL EnergyPlus filed its initial updated market analysis in December 2001. Several parties thereafter filed interventions and protests requesting that PPL EnergyPlus be required to provide additional information demonstrating that it has met the FERC's market power tests necessary for PPL EnergyPlus to continue its market-based rate authority. PPL EnergyPlus has responded that the FERC does not require the economic test suggested by the intervenors and that, in any event, it would meet such economic test if required by the FERC.

    In June 2004, FERC approved certain changes to its standards for granting market-based rate authority. As a result of the schedule adopted by the FERC, PPL EnergyPlus, PPL Electric, PPL Montana and most of PPL Generation's subsidiaries were required to file in November 2004 updated analyses demonstrating that they should continue to maintain market-based rate authority under the new standards. PPL made two filings, one for PPL Montana and one for most of the other PPL subsidiaries. The Montana Public Service Commission and the Montana Consumer Counsel filed pleadings opposing the filing by PPL Montana. The Montana Public Service Commission requested that the FERC hold a hearing on the market-based rate renewal application, while the Montana Consumer Counsel suggested applying an altered version of the FERC's tests for assessing market power in reviewing the renewal application. The PJM Industrial Customer Coalition, the PP&L Industrial Customer Alliance and the consumer advocates of Maryland and Pennsylvania filed pleadings opposing the filings by the other PPL subsidiaries. These parties challenge the FERC's continued reliance on market-based rates to yield just and reasonable prices for wholesale electric transactions and suggest that the FERC change its tests for market power to include capacity and ancillary services markets. While PPL believes its filings demonstrate that all PPL subsidiaries pass the new tests established by the FERC in June 2004, PPL cannot predict the outcome of these proceedings.

    FERC Proposed Rules (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    In July 2002, the FERC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking entitled "Remedying Undue Discrimination through Open Access Transmission Service and Standard Electricity Market Design." The proposed rule contained a proposed implementation date of July 31, 2003. However, since the issuance of the proposed rule, the FERC has delayed the implementation date. This far-reaching proposed rule purported to establish uniform transmission rules and a standard market design by, among other things:

    enacting standard transmission tariffs and uniform market mechanisms,

    monitoring and mitigating "market power,"

    managing transmission congestion through pricing and tradable financial rights,

    requiring independent operational control over transmission facilities,

    forming state advisory committees on regional transmission organizations and resource adequacy, and

    exercising FERC jurisdiction over all transmission service.

    In April 2003, the FERC issued a white paper describing certain modifications to the proposed rule. The FERC requested comments and held numerous public comment sessions concerning the white paper.

    If adopted, this proposed rule may have a significant impact on PPL and its subsidiaries, which cannot be predicted at this time.

    In November 2003, the FERC adopted a proposed rule to require all existing and new electric market-based tariffs and authorizations to include provisions prohibiting the seller from engaging in anticompetitive behavior or the exercise of market power. The FERC order adopts a list of market behavior rules that apply to all electric market-based rate tariffs and authorizations, including those of PPL EnergyPlus and any other PPL subsidiaries that hold market-based rate authority. PPL does not expect this rule to have a significant impact on its subsidiaries.

    Montana Hydroelectric License Contingencies (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    PPL Montana has 11 hydroelectric facilities and one storage reservoir licensed by the FERC pursuant to the Federal Power Act under long-term licenses which expire on varying dates from 2009 through 2040. Pursuant to Section 8(e) of the Federal Power Act, the FERC approved the transfer from Montana Power to PPL Montana of all pertinent licenses and any amendments in connection with the Montana APA.

    The Kerr Dam Project license was jointly issued by the FERC to Montana Power and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation in 1985, and required Montana Power to hold and operate the project for 30 years. The license required Montana Power, and subsequently PPL Montana as a result of the purchase of the Kerr Dam from Montana Power, to continue to implement a plan to mitigate the impact of the Kerr Dam on fish, wildlife and the habitat. Under this arrangement, PPL Montana has a remaining commitment to spend approximately $67 million between 2005 and 2035.

    PPL Montana entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with state, federal and private entities related to the issuance in 2000 of the FERC renewal license for the nine dams for the Missouri-Madison project. The MOU requires PPL Montana to implement plans to mitigate the impact of its projects on fish, wildlife and the habitat, and to increase recreational opportunities. The MOU was created to maximize collaboration between the parties and possibilities for matching funds from relevant federal agencies. Under this arrangement, PPL Montana has a remaining commitment to spend approximately $26 million between 2005 and 2040.

    Wallingford Deactivation (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In January 2003, PPL negotiated an agreement with ISO - New England that would declare that four of the five units at PPL's Wallingford, Connecticut facility are "reliability must run" units and put those units under cost-based rates. This agreement and the cost-based rates are subject to the FERC's approval, and PPL filed a request with the FERC for such approval. PPL requested authority for cost-based rates because the current and anticipated wholesale prices in New England are insufficient to cover the costs of keeping these units available for operation. In March 2003, PPL filed an application with the New England Power Pool to temporarily deactivate these four units. In May 2003, the FERC denied PPL's request for cost-based rates in light of the FERC's changes to the market and bid mitigation rules of ISO - New England made in a similar case involving generating units owned by NRG Energy, Inc. PPL subsequently has explained to the FERC that its changes to the market and bid mitigation rules of ISO - New England will not provide sufficient revenues to PPL, and PPL continues to seek approval of its cost-based rates. However, PPL has informed the New England Power Pool that it will not pursue its request to temporarily deactivate certain Wallingford units. In February 2004, PPL appealed the FERC's denial of its request for cost-based rates to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. PPL cannot predict the outcome of this matter.

    IRS Synthetic Fuels Tax Credits (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    PPL, through its subsidiaries, has interests in two synthetic fuel production facilities: the Somerset facility located in Pennsylvania and the Tyrone facility located in Kentucky. PPL receives tax credits pursuant to Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code based on the sale of synthetic fuel from these facilities to unaffiliated third-party purchasers. Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code provides tax credits for the production and sale of solid synthetic fuels produced from coal. Section 29 tax credits are currently scheduled to expire at the end of 2007.

    To qualify for the Section 29 tax credits, the synthetic fuel must meet three primary conditions: (i) there must be a significant chemical change in the coal feedstock, (ii) the product must be sold to an unaffiliated entity, and (iii) the production facility must have been placed in service before July 1, 1998.

    In addition, Section 29 provides for the phase-out of the synthetic fuel tax credit when the reference price for crude oil, as adjusted for inflation, exceeds a certain threshold. The reference price is published by the IRS annually in April for the prior year and is calculated based on the annual average wellhead price per barrel for all unregulated domestic crude oil. The average reference price for crude oil in 2004 was $36.75 per barrel, significantly below the phase-out level. Accordingly, the tax credit phase-out did not impact results in 2004. Accounting for inflation, PPL estimates that the 2005 tax credit phase-out would start at about $52 per barrel and the tax credit would be totally eliminated at about $65 per barrel. Based on market conditions at April 30, 2005, PPL currently does not expect any significant phase-out of the synfuel tax credit for 2005. However, given the recent increases in and volatility of crude oil prices, PPL cannot predict the final average reference price for 2005 and a significant increase in oil prices could reduce the synfuel tax credit and adversely impact PPL's 2005 earnings. For 2006 and 2007, PPL has taken measures to mitigate the impact of a phase-out of the synfuel tax credit due to high oil prices.

    A PPL subsidiary owns and operates the Somerset facility. In November 2001, PPL received a private letter ruling from the IRS pursuant to which, among other things, the IRS concluded that the synthetic fuel produced at the Somerset facility qualifies for Section 29 tax credits. The Somerset facility uses the Covol technology to produce synthetic fuel, and the IRS issued the private letter ruling after its review and approval of that technology. In reliance on this private letter ruling, PPL has sold synthetic fuel produced at the Somerset facility resulting in an aggregate of approximately $220 million of tax credits as of March 31, 2005.

    PPL owns a limited partnership interest in the entity that owns and operates the Tyrone facility. In April 2004, this entity received a private letter ruling from the IRS. Similar to its conclusions relating to the Somerset facility, the IRS concluded that the synthetic fuel to be produced at the Tyrone facility qualifies for Section 29 tax credits. In reliance on this private letter ruling, this entity has sold synthetic fuel produced at the Tyrone facility resulting in an aggregate of approximately $24 million of tax credits as of March 31, 2005. The Tyrone facility began commercial operation in the third quarter of 2004, after being relocated to Kentucky from Pennsylvania.

    PPL also purchases synthetic fuel from unaffiliated third parties, at prices below the market price of coal, for use at its coal-fired power plants.

    In June 2003, the IRS announced that it had reason to question the scientific validity of certain test procedures and results that have been presented to it by taxpayers with interests in synthetic fuel operations as evidence that the required significant chemical change has occurred, and that it was reviewing information regarding these test procedures and practices. In October 2003, the IRS announced that it had completed its review and determined that the test procedures and results used by taxpayers are scientifically valid, if the procedures are applied in a consistent and unbiased manner. The IRS indicated that it would require taxpayers to comply with certain sampling and data/record retention practices to obtain or maintain a ruling on significant chemical change.

    PPL believes that the October 2003 IRS announcement and its receipt of the private letter ruling for the Tyrone facility following this announcement confirms that PPL is justified in its reliance on the private letter rulings for the Somerset and Tyrone facilities, and that the test results that PPL presented to the IRS in connection with its private letter rulings are scientifically valid. In addition, PPL believes that the Somerset facility and the Tyrone facility have been operated in compliance with their respective private letter rulings and Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code.

    In October 2003, following the IRS announcement, it was reported that the U.S. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, had begun an investigation of the synthetic fuel industry and its producers. That investigation is ongoing. PPL cannot predict when the investigation will be completed or the potential results of the investigation.

    During 2004, certain other owners or operators of synthetic fuel facilities reported that the IRS had questioned whether their facilities were placed in service before July 1, 1998. Whether or not a facility meets the "placed-in service" requirement is based on the particular facts and circumstances relating to the operation of that facility. PPL is not aware of the facts and circumstances relating to the operation of the facilities being questioned by the IRS or the specific IRS position in these other matters. PPL believes that the Tyrone and Somerset facilities meet the in-service requirement. However, PPL cannot predict the outcome of the IRS's inquiries or the impact of those inquiries on PPL.

    Environmental Matters - Domestic

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    Due to the environmental issues discussed below or other environmental matters, PPL subsidiaries may be required to modify, replace or cease operating certain facilities to comply with statutes, regulations and actions by regulatory bodies or courts. In this regard, PPL subsidiaries also may incur capital expenditures or operating expenses in amounts which are not now determinable, but which could be significant.

    Air (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    The Clean Air Act deals, in part, with acid rain, attainment of federal ambient ozone standards, fine particulate matter standards and toxic air emissions in the U.S. PPL's subsidiaries are in substantial compliance with the Clean Air Act. The Bush administration's Clear Skies Initiative and proposals of certain members of Congress would amend the Clean Air Act. These amendments could require significant further reductions in emissions of nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide and reductions in emission of mercury.

    Although the Bush administration's Clear Skies Initiative does not include limits on carbon dioxide emissions, rising concerns about global warming have prompted several states to pass legislation capping carbon dioxide emissions and other bills have been introduced at the federal level proposing mandatory carbon dioxide reductions. However, the Bush administration is promoting a voluntary carbon dioxide reduction program. In support of this voluntary Climate VISION program, the electric power industry has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emission intensity levels (measured as tons of carbon dioxide equivalent against electric power production in MWh) by 3% to 5% by the 2010 to 2012 period. Furthermore, an initiative is underway in nine Northeast states to propose a cap-and-trade program, the details of which are expected to be released in mid-2005 for carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel-fired power plants. Increased pressure for carbon dioxide emissions reduction is also coming from investor organizations and the international community. Pennsylvania and Montana have not, at this time, established any formal programs to address carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. As a result of the national and international concerns, PPL has conducted an inventory of its carbon dioxide emissions and is continuing to evaluate various options for reducing, avoiding, off-setting or sequestering its emissions.

    If the above-described initiatives or other legislative or regulatory initiatives result in mandatory reductions being imposed or if PPL adopts voluntary measures to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions, the cost of such reductions could be significant.

    The EPA has developed new standards for ambient levels of ozone and fine particulates in the U.S. These standards have been upheld following court challenges. To facilitate attainment of these standards, the EPA has finalized a rule (now called the Clean Air Interstate Rule - CAIR) for 28 midwestern and eastern states, including Pennsylvania, to reduce national sulfur dioxide emissions by 40% (about 50% in the CAIR region) by 2010 and to extend the current seasonal program for nitrogen oxide emission reductions to a year-round program (in the CAIR region) starting in 2009. Starting in 2015, the final rule requires further reductions in sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide of 30% and 20%, respectively, from 2010 levels. The final rule allows these reductions to be achieved through cap-and-trade programs, and is consistent with the Bush administration's proposed amendments to the Clean Air Act, except that it applies to only the 28 states. PPL expects the rule to be challenged by several states and environmental groups.

    In order to continue meeting existing sulfur dioxide reduction requirements of the Clean Air Act, PPL will need to use its banked sulfur dioxide allowances and to purchase additional allowances. Currently, PPL has enough sulfur dioxide allowances to cover expected consumption through 2006, but will experience shortfalls in some years after 2006. As a result and based on projected allowance prices, PPL plans to complete the installation of sulfur dioxide scrubbers at its Montour Units 1 and 2 and Brunner Island Unit 3 by 2008. PPL also is evaluating under CAIR the possible installation of SCR technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions at Brunner Island Unit 3 at a later date. PPL's current plan reflects a cost of approximately $730 million for the combined cost of the scrubbers at Montour and Brunner Island and of the SCR at Brunner Island. PPL currently is in the process of evaluating vendor proposals for this equipment and will provide updated costs estimates, which are expected to increase, after the completion of that process.

    The EPA has finalized mercury regulations that affect coal-fired plants. These regulations establish an emission trading program to take effect beginning January 2010, with a second phase to take effect in 2018. At the same time that it finalized these mercury regulations, the EPA determined that it currently does not need to regulate nickel emissions from oil-fired units. PPL is still assessing what measures it will need to take to comply with the mercury regulations. PPL believes that it may be possible to comply with the 2010 requirements with the mercury removal co-benefits that are expected to be achieved from the installation of the scrubbers at Montour and Brunner Island. However, PPL may need to take additional measures to comply with the 2010 requirements, and it expects to need to take additional measures to comply with the 2018 requirements. The costs to PPL of complying with any such additional measures are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    Pennsylvania and about eight other states have indicated that they will challenge the EPA's new mercury regulations as being inadequate. The Pennsylvania Environmental Quality Board (PEQB) is also reviewing a petition filed by PennFuture, an environmental organization, requesting the PEQB to develop significantly more stringent mercury rules than those proposed by the EPA. The costs to PPL of complying with any such new mercury rules are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    The Ozone Transport Commission (consisting of Pennsylvania and 11 other states and the District of Columbia) has passed a resolution calling for reductions in sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and mercury emissions that are more stringent than those proposed by the EPA or contemplated by the Clear Skies Initiative. Should Pennsylvania implement such reductions, the cost to PPL is not now determinable but could be significant.

    In 1999, the EPA initiated enforcement actions against several utilities, asserting that older, coal-fired power plants operated by those utilities have, over the years, been modified in ways that subject them to more stringent "New Source" requirements under the Clean Air Act. The EPA has since issued notices of violation and commenced enforcement activities against other utilities. The future direction of the EPA's enforcement initiative is presently unclear. However, states and environmental groups have also been bringing enforcement actions alleging violations of "New Source" requirements by coal-fired plants. At this time, PPL is unable to predict whether such EPA, state or citizens enforcement actions will be brought with respect to any of its affiliates' plants. However, the EPA regional offices that regulate plants in Pennsylvania (Region III) and Montana (Region VIII) have indicated an intention to issue information requests to all utilities in their jurisdiction. The Region VIII office issued such a request to PPL Montana's Corette plant in 2000 and the Colstrip plant in 2003. The Region III office issued such a request to PPL Generation's Martins Creek plant in 2002. PPL and its subsidiaries have responded to the Corette and Martins Creek information requests and began responding to the Colstrip information request. The EPA has stayed further production of Colstrip documents pending discussion among the Colstrip owners and the EPA. The EPA has taken no further action following the Martins Creek and Corette submittals. PPL cannot presently predict what, if any, action the EPA might take in this regard. Should the EPA or any state or citizens group initiate one or more enforcement actions against PPL or its subsidiaries, compliance with any such enforcement actions could result in additional capital and operating expenses which are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    In 2003, the EPA issued changes to its "New Source" regulations that clarify what projects are exempt from "New Source" requirements as routine maintenance and repair. Under these clarifications, any project to replace existing equipment with functionally equivalent equipment would be considered routine maintenance and excluded from "New Source" review if the cost of the replaced equipment does not exceed 20% of the replacement cost of the entire process unit, the basic design is not changed and no permit limit is exceeded. These clarifications would substantially reduce the uncertainties under the prior "New Source" regulations; however, they have been stayed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. PPL is therefore continuing to operate under the "New Source" regulations as they existed prior to the EPA's 2003 clarifications.

    The New Jersey DEP and some New Jersey residents raised environmental concerns with respect to the Martins Creek plant, particularly with respect to sulfur dioxide emissions and the opacity of the plant's plume. These issues were raised in the context of an appeal by the New Jersey DEP of the Air Quality Plan Approval issued by the Pennsylvania DEP to PPL's Lower Mt. Bethel generating plant. In October 2003, PPL finalized an agreement with the New Jersey DEP and the Pennsylvania DEP pursuant to which PPL will reduce sulfur dioxide emissions from its Martins Creek power plant. Under the agreement, PPL Martins Creek will shut down the plant's two coal-fired generating units by September 2007 and may repower them any time after shutting them down so long as it follows all applicable state and federal requirements, including installing the best available pollution control technology. Pursuant to the agreement, PPL Martins Creek began reducing the fuel sulfur content for the coal units as well as the plant's two oil-fired units in June 2004. The agreement also calls for PPL to donate to a non-profit organization 70% of the excess emission allowances and emission reduction credits that result from shutting down or repowering the coal units. Some of these donations have already been made to the Pennsylvania Environmental Council. As a result of the agreement, the New Jersey DEP withdrew its challenge to the Air Quality Plan Approval for the Lower Mt. Bethel facility. The agreement will not result in material costs to PPL. The agreement does not address the issues raised by the New Jersey DEP regarding the visible opacity of emissions from the oil-fired units at the Martins Creek plant. If it is determined that actions must be taken to address the visible opacity of these emissions, such actions could result in costs that are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    In addition to the opacity concerns raised by the New Jersey DEP, the Pennsylvania DEP also has raised concerns about the opacity of emissions from the Martins Creek plant, and the Pennsylvania DEP and PPL are litigating issues relating to the opacity of emissions from the Montour plant. PPL is continuing to discuss these matters with the Pennsylvania DEP. If it is determined that actions must be taken to address the Pennsylvania DEP's concerns, such actions could result in costs that are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    In December 2003, PPL Montana, as operator of the Colstrip facility, received an Administrative Compliance Order (ACO) from the EPA pursuant to the Clean Air Act. The ACO alleges that Units 3 and 4 of the facility have been in violation of the Clean Air Act permit at Colstrip since 1980. The permit required Colstrip to submit for review and approval by the EPA an analysis and proposal for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxide to address visibility concerns if and when the EPA promulgates Best Available Retrofit Technology requirements for nitrogen oxide emissions. The EPA is asserting that regulations it promulgated in 1980 triggered this requirement. PPL believes that the ACO is unfounded and is discussing the matter with the EPA. PPL is engaged in settlement negotiations on these matters with the EPA, the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and the Northern Cheyenne Tribe. In addition, the Montana DEQ is questioning whether the permit limits for sulfur dioxide emissions from Colstrip Units 3 and 4 are too high under provisions of the Clean Air Act that limit allowable emissions from sources built after 1978. PPL Montana completed an ambient air quality modeling demonstration and, based on that study, voluntarily proposed to the Montana DEQ that the permit include restrictions related to sulfur dioxide emissions. The Montana DEQ has accepted PPL Montana's proposal and has issued an amended operating permit to PPL and issued an amended air permit, which PPL expects will resolve this matter.

    Water/Waste (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    Seepages have been detected at one of the wastewater basins at the Montour station, and PPL is working with the Pennsylvania DEP to assess the seepage and develop an abatement plan. PPL is assessing impacted groundwater at two closed wastewater basins at the Brunner Island station to determine what abatement actions may be needed. PPL plans to comprehensively address issues related to wastewater basins at all of its Pennsylvania plants as part of the process to renew the residual waste permits for these basins which expire within the next three years. The cost of addressing seepages at PPL's Pennsylvania plants is not now determinable, but could be significant.

    PPL Montana continues to undertake certain groundwater investigation and remediation measures at its Colstrip plant to address groundwater contamination. These measures include offering to extend city water to certain residents who live near the plant. In addition, in May 2003, approximately 50 plaintiffs brought an action now pending at the Montana Sixteenth Judicial District Court, Rosebud County, against PPL Montana and the other owners of the Colstrip plant alleging property damage from seepage from the freshwater and wastewater ponds at Colstrip. This action could result in PPL Montana and the other Colstrip owners being liable for damages and being required to take additional remedial measures beyond those noted above. Beyond estimated costs of approximately $1 million (PPL Montana's share of the estimated costs, for which PPL has recorded a contingency reserve) for the proposed settlement of these property damage claims and for extending city water, PPL Montana may incur further costs based on its additional groundwater investigations and any related remedial measures, which costs are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    Brunner Island's NPDES permit contains a provision requiring further studies on the thermal impact of the cooling water discharge from the plant. These studies are underway and are expected to be completed in 2006. The Pennsylvania DEP has stated that it believes the studies to date show that the temperature of the discharge must be lowered. The Pennsylvania DEP has also stated that it believes the plant is in violation of a permit condition prohibiting the discharge from changing the river temperature by more than two degrees per hour. PPL is discussing these matters with the agency. Depending on the outcome of these discussions, the plant could be subject to additional capital and operating costs that are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    The EPA has significantly tightened the water quality standard for arsenic. The revised standard becomes effective in 2006. The revised standard may result in action by individual states that could require several PPL subsidiaries to either further treat wastewater or take abatement action at their power plants, or both. The cost of complying with any such requirements is not now determinable, but could be significant.

    The EPA finalized requirements in 2004 for new or modified water intake structures. These requirements affect where generating facilities are built, establish intake design standards, and could lead to requirements for cooling towers at new and modified power plants. Another new rule that was finalized in 2004 addresses existing structures. PPL does not believe that either of these rules will impose material costs on PPL subsidiaries. However, six northeastern states have challenged the new rules for existing structures as being inadequate. If this challenge is successful, it could result in the EPA establishing stricter standards for existing structures that could impose significant costs on PPL subsidiaries.

    Superfund and Other Remediation

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    In 1995, PPL Electric and PPL Generation, and in 1996, PPL Gas Utilities entered into consent orders with the Pennsylvania DEP to address a number of sites that were not being addressed under another regulatory program such as Superfund, but for which PPL Electric, PPL Generation or PPL Gas Utilities may be liable for remediation. This may include potential PCB contamination at certain PPL Electric substations and pole sites; potential contamination at a number of coal gas manufacturing facilities formerly owned or operated by PPL Electric; oil or other contamination which may exist at some of PPL Electric's former generating facilities; and potential contamination at abandoned power plant sites owned by PPL Generation. This may also include former coal gas manufacturing facilities and potential mercury contamination from gas meters and regulators at PPL Gas Utilities' sites.

    Since the PPL Electric Consent Order expired on January 31, 2005, and since only four sites remained, PPL has negotiated a new consent order and agreement (COA) with the Pennsylvania DEP that combines both PPL Electric's and PPL Gas Utilities' consent orders into one single agreement. As of March 31, 2005, PPL Electric and PPL Gas Utilities have 178 sites to address under the new combined COA. Additional sites formerly owned or operated by PPL Electric, PPL Generation or PPL Gas Utilities are added to the consent orders on a case-by-case basis.

    At March 31, 2005, PPL Electric and PPL Gas Utilities had accrued approximately $3 million and $7 million, representing the estimated amounts each will have to spend for site remediation, including those sites covered by each company's consent orders mentioned above. Depending on the outcome of investigations at sites where investigations have not begun or have not been completed, the costs of remediation and other liabilities could be substantial. PPL and its subsidiaries also could incur other non-remediation costs at sites included in the consent orders or other contaminated sites, the costs of which are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    The EPA is evaluating the risks associated with naphthalene, a chemical by-product of coal gas manufacturing operations. As a result of the EPA's evaluation, individual states may establish stricter standards for water quality and soil clean-up. This could require several PPL subsidiaries to take more extensive assessment and remedial actions at former coal gas manufacturing facilities. The costs to PPL of complying with any such requirements are not now determinable, but could be significant.

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    Under the Pennsylvania Clean Streams Law, subsidiaries of PPL Generation are obligated to remediate acid mine drainage at former mine sites and may be required to take additional measures to prevent potential acid mine drainage at previously capped refuse piles. One PPL Generation subsidiary is pumping and treating mine water at two mine sites. Another PPL Generation subsidiary is installing passive wetlands treatment at a third site, and the Pennsylvania DEP has suggested that it may require that PPL Generation subsidiary to pump and treat the mine water at that third site. At March 31, 2005, a PPL Energy Supply subsidiary had accrued $28 million to cover the costs of pumping and treating groundwater at the two mine sites for 50 years and for operating and maintaining passive wetlands treatment at the third site.

    In 1999, the Montana Supreme Court held in favor of several citizens' groups that the right to a clean and healthful environment is a fundamental right guaranteed by the Montana Constitution. The court's ruling could result in significantly more stringent environmental laws and regulations, as well as an increase in citizens' suits under Montana's environmental laws. The effect on PPL Montana of any such changes in laws or regulations or any such increase in legal actions is not currently determinable, but could be significant.

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    Future cleanup or remediation work at sites currently under review, or at sites not currently identified, may result in material additional operating costs for PPL subsidiaries that cannot be estimated at this time.

    Asbestos (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    There have been increasing litigation claims throughout the U.S. based on exposure to asbestos against companies that manufacture or distribute asbestos products or that have these products on their premises. Certain of PPL's generation subsidiaries and certain of its energy services subsidiaries, such as those that have supplied, may have supplied or installed asbestos material in connection with the repair or installation of process piping and heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems, have been named as defendants in asbestos-related lawsuits. PPL cannot predict the outcome of these lawsuits or whether additional claims may be asserted against its subsidiaries in the future. PPL does not expect that the resolution of the current lawsuits will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations.

    Electric and Magnetic Fields (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    Concerns have been expressed by some members of the public regarding potential health effects of power frequency electric and/or magnetic fields (EMFs), which are emitted by all devices carrying electricity, including electric transmission and distribution lines and substation equipment. Government officials in the U.S. and the U.K. have reviewed this issue. The U.S. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences concluded in 2002 that, for most health outcomes, there is no evidence of EMFs causing adverse effects. The agency further noted that there is some epidemiological evidence of an association with childhood leukemia, but that this evidence is difficult to interpret without supporting laboratory evidence. The U.K. National Radiological Protection Board concluded in 2004 that, while the research on EMFs does not provide a basis to find that EMFs cause any illness, there is a basis to consider precautionary measures beyond existing exposure guidelines. PPL and its subsidiaries believe the current efforts to determine whether EMFs cause adverse health effects should continue and are taking steps to reduce EMFs, where practical, in the design of new transmission and distribution facilities. PPL and its subsidiaries are unable to predict what effect, if any, the EMF issue might have on their operations and facilities either in the U.S. or abroad, and the associated cost, or what, if any, liabilities they might incur related to the EMF issue.

    Lower Mt. Bethel (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    In August 2002, the Northampton County Court of Common Pleas issued a decision setting the permissible noise levels for operation of the Lower Mt. Bethel facility. PPL appealed the court's decision to the Commonwealth Court, and an intervenor in the lawsuit cross-appealed the court's decision. In May 2003, the Commonwealth Court remanded the case to the Court of Common Pleas for further findings of fact concerning the zoning application relating to the construction of the facility. In September 2003, the Court of Common Pleas ruled in PPL's favor while also reaffirming its decision on the noise levels, and the intervenor appealed this ruling to the Commonwealth Court. In April 2004, the Commonwealth Court affirmed the decision of the Court of Common Pleas, and the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has denied the intervenor's Petition for Allowance of Appeal.

    The certificate of occupancy for the Lower Mt. Bethel facility was issued by the local township zoning officer in April 2004, and the facility was placed in service in May 2004. In May 2004, the intervenor in the legal proceedings regarding the facility's permissible noise levels filed an appeal with the township zoning board regarding the issuance of the certificate of occupancy. The hearing on the appeal was held in December 2004, and the intervenor's appeal was denied. The intervenor appealed the zoning board's decision to the Northampton County Court of Common Pleas in February 2005.

    Environmental Matters - International (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    U.K.

    WPD's distribution businesses are subject to numerous regulatory and statutory requirements with respect to environmental matters. PPL believes that WPD has taken and continues to take measures to comply with the applicable laws and governmental regulations for the protection of the environment. There are no material legal or administrative proceedings pending against WPD with respect to environmental matters. See "Environmental Matters - Domestic - Electric and Magnetic Fields" for a discussion of EMFs.

    Latin America

    Certain of PPL's affiliates have electric distribution operations in Latin America. PPL believes that these affiliates have taken and continue to take measures to comply with the applicable laws and governmental regulations for the protection of the environment. There are no material legal or administrative proceedings pending against PPL's affiliates in Latin America with respect to environmental matters.

    Other

    Nuclear Insurance (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    PPL Susquehanna is a member of certain insurance programs which provide coverage for property damage to members' nuclear generating stations. Facilities at the Susquehanna station are insured against property damage losses up to $2.75 billion under these programs. PPL Susquehanna is also a member of an insurance program which provides insurance coverage for the cost of replacement power during prolonged outages of nuclear units caused by certain specified conditions. Under the property and replacement power insurance programs, PPL Susquehanna could be assessed retroactive premiums in the event of the insurers' adverse loss experience. At March 31, 2005, this maximum assessment was about $38 million.

    In the event of a nuclear incident at the Susquehanna station, PPL Susquehanna's public liability for claims resulting from such incident would be limited to about $10.8 billion under provisions of The Price Anderson Amendments Act of 1988. PPL Susquehanna is protected against this liability by a combination of commercial insurance and an industry assessment program. In the event of a nuclear incident at any of the reactors covered by The Price Anderson Amendments Act of 1988, PPL Susquehanna could be assessed up to $201 million per incident, payable at $20 million per year.

    Guarantees and Other Assurances

    (PPL)

    PPL fully and unconditionally guarantees all of the debt securities of PPL Capital Funding.

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    The table below provides an update to those guarantees that are within the scope of FIN 45, "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, an Interpretation of FASB Statements No. 5, 57, and 107 and Rescission of FASB Interpretation No. 34," and are specifically disclosed in Note 14 to the Financial Statements contained in each Registrant's 2004 Form 10-K.

     

         

    Recorded Liability at

     

    Exposure at

       

     

       
         

    March 31, 2005

     

    December 31, 2004

     

    March 31, 2005 (a)

     

    Expiration Date

    PPL

                             

    Residual value guarantees of leased equipment

                 

    $

    7

       

    2006

    (b)

                               

    PPL Energy Supply (c)

                             

    WPD LLP guarantee of obligations under SIUK Capital Trust I preferred securities

                   

    82

     (d)

    2027

     

    Letters of credit issued on behalf of affiliates

                   

    5

     (e)

    2006

     

    Support agreements to guarantee partnerships' obligations for the sale of coal

                   

    9

       

    2007

     

    Retroactive premiums under nuclear insurance programs

                   

    38

         

    Nuclear claims under The Price Anderson Amendments Act of 1988

                   

    201

     (f)

       

    Contingent purchase price payments to former owners of synfuel projects

     

    $

    12

     

    $

    11

       

    53

     

    2007

     

    Residual value guarantees of leased equipment

                   

    3

     

    2006

    (b)

    WPD guarantee of pension and other obligations of unconsolidated entities (g)

       

    4

             

    46

     

    2017

     

     

    WPD guarantee related to a contract assigned as part of a sale of one of its businesses

                   

    20

     

    2005

     

     

    Indemnifications for entities in liquidation

                   

    288

     

    2008 to 2012

     

    WPD guarantee of an unconsolidated entity's lease obligations

                   

    1

     

    2008

     

     

                           

    PPL Electric (c)

                             

    Guarantee of a portion of an unconsolidated entity's debt

                   

    7

     (d)

    2008

     

    Residual value guarantees of leased equipment

       

    1

       

    1

       

    81

       

    2006

    (b)

     

    (a)

     

    Represents the estimated maximum potential amount of future payments that could be required to be made under the guarantee.

    (b)

     

    Although the expiration date noted is 2006, equipment of similar value is generally leased and guaranteed on an on-going basis.

    (c)

     

    Other than the exceptions noted in (e) below, all guarantees of PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric also apply to PPL on a consolidated basis.

    (d)

     

    Reflects principal payments only.

    (e)

     

    Represents letters of credit issued at the direction of PPL Energy Supply for the benefit of third parties for assurance against nonperformance by PPL and PPL Gas Utilities. This is not a guarantee by PPL on a consolidated basis.

    (f)

     

    Amount is per incident.

    (g)

     

    As a result of the privatization of the utility industry in the U.K., certain electric associations' roles and responsibilities were discontinued or modified. As a result, certain obligations, primarily pension-related, associated with these organizations have been guaranteed by the participating members. Costs are allocated to the members based on predetermined percentages as outlined in specific agreements. However, if a member becomes insolvent, costs can be reallocated to and are guaranteed by the remaining members. At March 31, 2005, WPD has recorded an estimated discounted liability based on its current allocated percentage of the total expected costs. Neither the expiration date nor the maximum amount of potential payments for certain obligations is explicitly stated in the related agreements and, therefore, have been estimated based on the types of obligations.


  10. Related Party Transactions

    Affiliate Trust (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    At both March 31, 2005, and December 31, 2004, PPL and PPL Energy Supply's Balance Sheets reflect $89 million of "Long-term Debt with Affiliate Trust." This debt represents obligations of PPL Energy Supply under 8.23% subordinated debentures maturing in February 2027 that are held by SIUK Capital Trust I, which is a variable interest entity whose common securities are owned by PPL Energy Supply but which is not consolidated by PPL Energy Supply. Interest expense on this obligation was $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, and is reflected in "Interest Expense" for PPL and "Interest Expense with Affiliate" for PPL Energy Supply on the Statement of Income. See Note 22 in each Registrant's 2004 Form 10-K for additional information.

    PLR Contracts (PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    PPL Electric has power sales agreements with PPL EnergyPlus, effective January 1, 2002, to supply all of PPL Electric's PLR load through 2009. Under these contracts, PPL EnergyPlus provides electricity at the predetermined capped prices that PPL Electric is authorized to charge its PLR customers. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, these purchases totaled $415 million and $410 million, including nuclear decommissioning recovery and amortization of an up-front contract payment. These purchases are included in the Statement of Income as "Energy purchases from affiliate" by PPL Electric, and as "Wholesale energy marketing to affiliate" revenues by PPL Energy Supply.

    Under one of the PLR contracts, PPL Electric is required to make performance assurance deposits with PPL EnergyPlus when the market price of electricity is less than the contract price by more than its contract collateral threshold. Conversely, PPL EnergyPlus is required to make performance assurance deposits with PPL Electric when the market price of electricity is greater than the contract price by more than its contract collateral threshold. PPL Electric estimates that, at March 31, 2005, the market price of electricity would exceed the contract price by approximately $2.3 billion. Accordingly, at March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply was required to provide PPL Electric with performance assurance of $300 million, the maximum amount required under the contract. PPL Energy Supply's deposit with PPL Electric was $300 million at March 31, 2005, and December 31, 2004. This deposit is shown on the Balance Sheet as "Collateral on PLR energy supply to/from affiliate," a current asset of PPL Energy Supply and a current liability of PPL Electric. PPL Electric pays interest equal to the one-month LIBOR plus 0.5% on this deposit, which is included in "Interest Expense" on the Statement of Income.

    In 2001, PPL Electric made a $90 million up-front payment to PPL EnergyPlus in connection with the PLR contracts. The up-front payment is being amortized by both parties over the term of the PLR contracts. The unamortized balance of this payment, and other payments under the contract, was $55 million at March 31, 2005, and $58 million at December 31, 2004. This balance is reported on the Balance Sheet as "Prepayment on PLR energy supply from affiliate" by PPL Electric and as "Deferred revenue on PLR energy supply to affiliate" by PPL Energy Supply.

    NUG Purchases (PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    PPL Electric has a reciprocal contract with PPL EnergyPlus to sell electricity purchased under contracts with NUGs. PPL Electric purchases electricity from the NUGs at contractual rates and then sells the electricity at the same prices to PPL EnergyPlus. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, these NUG purchases totaled $38 million and $37 million, and are included in the Statement of Income as "Wholesale electric to affiliate" revenues by PPL Electric, and as "Energy purchases from affiliate" by PPL Energy Supply.

    Allocations of Corporate Service Costs (PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    PPL Services provides corporate functions such as financial, legal, human resources and information services. PPL Services bills the respective PPL subsidiaries for the cost of such services when they can be specifically identified. The cost of these services that is not directly charged to PPL subsidiaries is allocated to certain of the subsidiaries based on an average of the subsidiaries' relative invested capital, operation and maintenance expenses, and number of employees. PPL Services allocated the following charges to PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric:

     

    Three Months Ended March 31,

     

     

    PPL Energy Supply

     

    PPL Electric

     

     

    2005

     

    2004

     

    2005

     

    2004

     

    Direct expenses

    $

    25

     

    $

    24

     

    $

    14

     

    $

    14

     

    Overhead costs

     

    19

       

    14

       

    7

       

    6

     

    Intercompany Borrowings

    (PPL Energy Supply)

    PPL Energy Supply had no notes receivable from affiliates at March 31, 2005, and December 31, 2004. Interest earned on cash collateral and loans to affiliates, included in "Other Income - net" on the Statement of Income, was $2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and insignificant for the same period in 2004.

    In May 2004, PPL Energy Supply issued a $495 million note payable to an affiliate, which is shown on the Balance Sheet as "Note Payable to Affiliate." The note matures in May 2006 with interest payable monthly in arrears at LIBOR plus 1%. Interest expense on this note was $4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and is reflected in "Interest Expense with Affiliate" on the Statement of Income.

    (PPL Electric)

    In August 2004, a PPL Electric subsidiary made a $300 million demand loan to an affiliate, with interest due quarterly at a rate equal to the 3-month LIBOR plus 1.25%. This loan is shown on the Balance Sheet as "Note receivable from affiliate." Interest earned on loans to affiliates, included in "Other Income - net" on the Statement of Income, was $3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and insignificant for the same period in 2004.

    Trademark Royalties (PPL Energy Supply)

    A PPL subsidiary owns PPL trademarks and bills certain affiliates for their use. PPL Energy Supply was allocated $8 million of this license fee for both the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, which is primarily included in "Other operation and maintenance" on the Statement of Income.

  11. Other Income - Net

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    The breakdown of "Other Income - net" was as follows:

     

    Three Months Ended
    March 31,

     

    PPL

    2005

       

    2004

     

     

    Other Income

                 
     

    Interest income

    $

    6

       

    $

    3

     
     

    Equity earnings

     

    1

         

    1

     
     

    Realized earnings on nuclear decommissioning trust

     

    1

         

    4

     
     

    Hyder-related activity

             

    2

     
     

    Gain by WPD on the disposition of property

     

    1

         

    1

     
     

    Miscellaneous - International

     

    3

         

    3

     
     

    Miscellaneous - Domestic

     

    1

         

    2

     

     

    Total

     

    13

         

    16

     
     

    Other Deductions

                 
     

    Charitable contributions

     

    2

         

    2

     
     

    Miscellaneous - International

             

    1

     
     

    Miscellaneous - Domestic

     

    2

         

    2

     

     

    Other Income - net

    $

    9

       

    $

    11

     

                     

    PPL Energy Supply

     

       

     

     
     

    Other Income

                 
     

    Interest income

    $

    4

       

    $

    2

     
     

    Affiliated interest income

     

    2

             
     

    Equity earnings

     

    1

         

    1

     
     

    Realized earnings on nuclear decommissioning trust

     

    1

         

    4

     
     

    Hyder-related activity

             

    2

     
     

    Gain by WPD on the disposition of property

     

    1

         

    1

     
     

    Miscellaneous - International

     

    3

         

    3

     
     

    Miscellaneous - Domestic

     

    1

         

    1

     

     

    Total

     

    13

         

    14

     
     

    Other Deductions

                 
     

    Loss on hedge activity

     

    1

             
     

    Miscellaneous - International

             

    1

     
     

    Miscellaneous - Domestic

     

    2

         

    2

     

     

    Other Income - net

    $

    10

       

    $

    11

     

                     

    PPL Electric

             
     

    Other Income

                 
     

    Interest income

    $

    2

       

    $

    1

     
     

    Affiliated interest income

     

    3

             
     

    Miscellaneous

             

    1

     

     

    Total

     

    5

         

    2

     
     

    Other Deductions

     

    1

         

    1

     

     

    Other Income - net

    $

    4

       

    $

    1

     

                     
  12. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    Fair Value Hedges

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into financial or physical contracts to hedge a portion of the fair value of firm commitments of forward electricity sales. These contracts range in maturity through 2006. Additionally, PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into financial contracts to hedge fluctuations in market value of existing debt issuances. These contracts range in maturity through 2029.

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply did not recognize significant gains or losses resulting from hedges of firm commitments that no longer qualified as fair value hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2005 or 2004.

    During the three months ended March 31, 2005, PPL Electric redeemed the $116 million of 6.40% Pollution Control Revenue Refunding Bonds due 2029. Consequently, PPL recognized a gain of $3 million related to accelerating the amortization of the fair value hedges related to these bonds.

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply did not recognize any gains or losses resulting from the ineffective portion of fair value hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2005 or 2004.

    Cash Flow Hedges

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into financial and physical contracts, including forwards, futures and swaps, to hedge the price risk associated with electric, gas and oil commodities. These contracts range in maturity through 2010. Additionally, PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into financial interest rate swap contracts to hedge interest expense associated with both existing and anticipated debt issuances. The current contract matures in 2006. PPL and PPL Energy Supply also enter into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the cash flows associated with foreign currency-denominated debt, the exchange rates associated with firm commitments denominated in foreign currencies and the net investment of foreign operations. These forward contracts range in maturity through 2028.

    Net investment hedge activity is reported in the foreign currency translation adjustments component of other comprehensive income. PPL recorded net investment hedge losses, after tax, of $7 million and $4 million as of March 31, 2005 and 2004.

    Cash flow hedges may be discontinued if it is probable that the original forecasted transaction will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period. PPL and PPL Energy Supply did not discontinue any cash flow hedges during the three months ended March 31, 2005 or 2004.

    Due to hedge ineffectiveness, PPL and PPL Energy Supply reclassified losses, after tax, of $2 million from other comprehensive income (reported in "Wholesale energy marketing" revenues and "Energy purchases" on the Statement of Income) for the three months ended March 31, 2005. For the same period in 2004, the amount was insignificant.

    As of March 31, 2005, the deferred net loss, after tax, on derivative instruments in "Accumulated other comprehensive income" expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months was $52 million for PPL and $47 million for PPL Energy Supply.

    The following table shows the change in accumulated unrealized gains or losses on derivatives, after tax, in accumulated other comprehensive income for the following periods:

     

       

    Three Months Ended
    March 31,

       

    2005

       

    2004

     

    PPL

     

       

     

    Beginning accumulated derivative gain (loss)

    $

    (63)

    $

    41

     

    Net change associated with current period hedging activities and other

       

    (79

    )

       

    (99

    )

     

    Net change from reclassification into earnings

       

    13

         

    63

     

     

    Ending accumulated derivative gain (loss)

     

    $

    (129

    )

     

    $

    5

     

    PPL Energy Supply

                   

    Beginning accumulated derivative gain (loss)

    $

    (45)

    $

    60

     

    Net change associated with current period hedging activities and other

       

    (78

    )

       

    (94

    )

     

    Net change from reclassification into earnings

       

    12

         

    61

     

     

    Ending accumulated derivative gain (loss)

     

    $

    (111

    )

     

    $

    27

     

    Credit Concentration

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into contracts with many entities for the purchase and sale of energy. Many of these contracts are considered a normal part of doing business and, as such, the mark-to-market value of these contracts is not reflected in the financial statements. However, the mark-to-market value of these contracts is considered when committing to new business from a credit perspective.

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply have credit exposures to energy trading partners. The majority of these exposures are the mark-to-market value of multi-year contracts for energy sales and purchases. Therefore, if these counterparties fail to perform their obligations under such contracts, PPL and PPL Energy Supply would not experience an immediate financial loss, but would experience lower revenues or higher costs in future years to the extent that replacement sales or purchases could not be made at the same prices as those under the defaulted contracts.

    At March 31, 2005, PPL had a credit exposure of $348 million to energy trading partners. Ten counterparties accounted for 70% of this exposure. No other individual counterparty accounted for more than 3% of the exposure. Nine of the ten counterparties had an investment grade credit rating from S&P. The non-investment grade counterparty has remained current on obligations under its contracts, and has supplied a letter of credit as collateral against its obligations.

    At March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply had a credit exposure of $342 million to energy trading partners. Ten counterparties accounted for 71% of this exposure. No other individual counterparty accounted for more than 3% of the exposure. Nine of the ten counterparties had an investment grade credit rating from S&P. The non-investment grade counterparty has remained current on obligations under its contracts, and has supplied a letter of credit as collateral against its obligations.

    PPL and PPL Energy Supply generally have the right to request collateral from their counterparties in the event that the counterparties' credit ratings fall below investment grade. It is also the policy of PPL and PPL Energy Supply to enter into netting agreements with all of their counterparties to minimize credit exposure.

    (PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    In past years, PPL Energy Supply has had an exposure to PPL Electric under the long-term contract for PPL EnergyPlus to provide PPL Electric's PLR load. However, beginning in 2004, increases in electricity prices have reversed this position. PPL Electric estimates that, at March 31, 2005, the market price of electricity would exceed the contract price by approximately $2.3 billion. In accordance with the terms of one of the PLR contracts, PPL Energy Supply provided PPL Electric with cash collateral in the amount of $300 million, the maximum amount required under the contract. This is the only credit exposure for PPL Electric that has a mark-to-market element. No other counterparty accounts for more than 1% of PPL Electric's total exposure.

  13. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    The components of net pension and other postretirement benefit cost (credit) were as follows:

     

       

    Pension Benefits

       

    Other Postretirement
    Benefits

     

       

     
       

    Three Months Ended
    March 31,

       

    Three Months Ended
    March 31,

     

       

     
       

    2005

       

    2004

       

    2005

       

    2004

     

       

       

       

     
       

    Domestic

       

    International

       

    Domestic

       

    International

                 

    PPL

                                                   

    Service cost

    $

    14

    $

    4

    $

    12

    $

    4

    $

    2

    $

    1

     

    Interest cost

       

    29

         

    38

         

    28

         

    36

         

    7

         

    6

     

     

    Expected return on plan assets

       

    (40

    )

       

    (52

    )

       

    (38

    )

       

    (53

    )

       

    (5

    )

       

    (4

    )

     

    Amortization of transition obligation

    (1

    )

    (1

    )

    2

    2

    Amortization of prior service cost

    4

    1

    4

    1

    1

    Amortization of (gain) loss

    6

    (2

    )

    2

    2

    2

    Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit cost (credit) prior to termination benefits

    6

    (3

    )

    3

    (10

    )

    9

    7

    Termination benefits

    5

    Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit cost (credit)

     

    $

    6

       

    $

    2

       

    $

    3

       

    $

    (10

    )

     

    $

    9

       

    $

    7

     

    PPL Energy Supply

                                                   

    Service cost

     

    $

    1

       

    $

    4

       

    $

    1

       

    $

    4

                     

    Interest cost

       

    1

         

    38

         

    1

         

    36

                     

    Expected return on plan assets

       

    (1

    )

       

    (52

    )

       

    (1

    )

       

    (53

    )

                   

    Amortization of prior service cost

    1

    1

    Amortization of loss

    6

    2

    Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit cost (credit) prior to termination benefits

    1

    (3

    )

    1

    (10

    )

    Termination benefits

    5

    Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit cost (credit)

     

    $

    1

       

    $

    2

       

    $

    1

       

    $

    (10

    )

                   

     

  14. Restricted Cash

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    The following table details the components of restricted cash by reporting entity and by type:

     

    March 31, 2005

     

    PPL

       

    PPL Energy Supply

       

    PPL Electric

     

    Current:

                         

    Collateral for letters of credit (a)

    $

    42

               

    $

    42

     

    Miscellaneous

     

    11

       

    $

    3

             

     

    Restricted cash - current

     

    53

         

    3

         

    42

     

    Noncurrent:

                         

    Required deposit of WPD's insurance subsidiary

     

    20

         

    20

             

    PPL Transition Bond Company Indenture reserves (b)

     

    20

                 

    20

     

     

    Restricted cash - noncurrent

     

    40

         

    20

         

    20

     

       

    Total restricted cash

    $

    93

       

    $

    23

       

    $

    62

     

     

     

    December 31, 2004

     

    PPL

       

    PPL Energy Supply

       

    PPL Electric

     

    Current:

                         

    Collateral for letters of credit (a)

    $

    42

               

    $

    42

     

    Miscellaneous

     

    8

       

    $

    3

             

     

    Restricted cash - current

     

    50

         

    3

         

    42

     

    Noncurrent:

                         

    Required deposit of WPD's insurance subsidiary

     

    37

         

    37

             

    PPL Transition Bond Company Indenture reserves (b)

     

    22

                 

    22

     

     

    Restricted cash - noncurrent

     

    59

         

    37

         

    22

     

       

    Total restricted cash

    $

    109

       

    $

    40

       

    $

    64

     

    (a)

     

    A deposit with a financial institution of funds from the asset-backed commercial paper program to fully collateralize $42 million of letters of credit. See Note 7 for further discussion on the asset-backed commercial paper program.

    (b)

     

    Credit enhancement for PPL Transition Bond Company's $2.4 billion Series 1999-1 Bonds to protect against losses or delays in scheduled payments.


  15. Asset Retirement Obligations

    (PPL and PPL Energy Supply)

    The change in the carrying amounts of the AROs was as follows:

    ARO at December 31, 2004

     

    $

    257

     

    Add: Accretion expense

       

    5

     

    ARO at March 31, 2005

     

    $

    262

     

     

    Funds in the nuclear decommissioning trust are legally restricted for purposes of settling PPL's and PPL Energy Supply's ARO related to the decommissioning of the Susquehanna station. PPL Electric collects authorized nuclear decommissioning costs through the CTC. These revenues are passed on to PPL EnergyPlus under the power supply agreements between PPL Electric and PPL EnergyPlus. Similarly, these revenues are passed on to PPL Susquehanna under a power supply agreement between PPL EnergyPlus and PPL Susquehanna. These revenues, less applicable taxes, are used to fund the nuclear decommissioning trust and can only be used for future decommissioning costs. The fair value of the nuclear plant decommissioning trust fund was $405 million as of March 31, 2005, and $409 million as of December 31, 2004.

    See Note 16 for a discussion of FASB Interpretation No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations, an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143," and its potential impact on PPL and its subsidiaries.

  16. New Accounting Standards

    (PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)

    SFAS 123(R)

    In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment," which is known as SFAS 123(R) and replaces SFAS 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," as amended by SFAS 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure." Among other things, SFAS 123(R) eliminates the alternative to use the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based compensation. SFAS 123(R) requires public entities to recognize compensation expense for awards of equity instruments to employees based on the grant-date fair value of the awards. SFAS 123(R) was originally effective for public entities that do not file as small business issuers as of the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. However, in April 2005, the SEC issued a rule that amended Regulation S-X to change this effective date to the beginning of an entity's fiscal year that begins on or after June 15, 2005.

    SFAS 123(R) requires public entities to apply the modified prospective application transition method of adoption. Under this application, entities must recognize compensation expense based on the grant-date fair value for new awards granted or modified after the effective date and for unvested awards outstanding on the effective date. Additionally, public entities may choose to apply modified retrospective application to periods before the effective date of SFAS 123(R). This application may be applied either to all prior years for which SFAS 123 was effective or only to prior interim periods in the year of initial adoption of SFAS 123(R). Under modified retrospective application, prior periods would be adjusted to recognize compensation expense as though stock-based awards granted, modified or settled in cash in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1994, had been accounted for under SFAS 123.

    PPL and its subsidiaries must adopt SFAS 123(R) no later than January 1, 2006. PPL and its subsidiaries do not plan to apply modified retrospective application to any periods prior to the date of adoption. In addition, PPL and its subsidiaries adopted the fair-value method of accounting for stock-based compensation under SFAS 123 effective January 1, 2003. Therefore, the adoption of SFAS 123(R) is not expected to have a material impact on PPL and its subsidiaries.

    FIN 47

    In March 2005, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations, an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143." FIN 47 clarifies that an entity is required to recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional asset retirement obligation when incurred if the liability's fair value can be reasonably estimated. FIN 47 also clarifies when an entity would be expected to have sufficient information to reasonably estimate the fair value of an asset retirement obligation. FIN 47 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2005. The impact of initially applying FIN 47 is required to be recognized as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle. Retrospective application of interim financial information is permitted but not required.

    PPL and its subsidiaries are currently in the process of reviewing (i) certain obligations to perform asset retirement activities that are conditional upon a future event occurring and (ii) certain legal retirement obligations that were identified but are not measurable at this time due to indeterminable dates of retirement. The potential impact of applying the guidance in FIN 47 to these items is not yet determinable, but could be material.



PPL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

PPL is an energy and utility holding company with headquarters in Allentown, PA. In PPL's 2004 Form 10-K, descriptions of its major segments are found in "Item 1. Business - Background" and the current corporate organizational structure is shown in Exhibit 99. Through its subsidiaries, PPL is primarily engaged in the generation and marketing of electricity in two key markets - the northeastern and western U.S. - and in the delivery of electricity in Pennsylvania, the U.K. and Latin America. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL's 2004 Form 10-K for an overview of PPL's strategy and the risks and the challenges that it faces in its business.

PPL's reportable segments are Supply, International Delivery and Pennsylvania Delivery. See Note 3 to the Financial Statements for further segment information.

The following information should be read in conjunction with PPL's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes.

Terms and abbreviations are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions, except per share data, unless otherwise noted.

Results of Operations

The following discussion begins with a review of PPL's earnings and a description of key factors by segment that management expects may impact future earnings. "Results of Operations" continues with a summary of results by reportable segment and ends with explanations of significant changes in principal items on PPL's Statement of Income, comparing the three months ended March 31, 2005, to the comparable period in 2004.

WPD's results, as consolidated in PPL's Statement of Income, are impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, as compared with the same period in 2004, changes in foreign exchange rates increased WPD's portion of revenue and expense line items by about 5%.

The Statement of Income reflects the results of past operations and is not intended as any indication of future operating results. Future operating results will necessarily be affected by various and diverse factors and developments. Furthermore, because results for interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various factors and developments and by seasonal variations, the results of operations for interim periods do not necessarily indicate results or trends for the year.

 

Earnings

Net income and the related EPS were as follows:

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 

   

2005

     

2004

 

Net income

 

$

168

     

$

177

 

EPS - basic

 

$

0.89

     

$

1.00

 

EPS - diluted

 

$

0.88

     

$

0.99

 

The after-tax change in net income was due to:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Domestic:

       
 

Eastern U.S. non-trading margins

 

$

16

 
 

Northwestern U.S. non-trading margins

   

(9

)

 

Net energy trading margins

   

6

 
 

Delivery revenues (net of CTC/ITC amortization, interest expense on transition bonds and ancillary charges)

   

28

 
 

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(24

)

 

Depreciation

   

(2

)

 

Taxes, other than income (excluding gross receipts tax)

   

(8

)

 

Synfuel earnings

   

7

 
 

Interest expense

   

(2

)

 

Other

   

(2

)

   

Total Domestic

   

10

 

International:

       
 

U.K.:

       
   

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(8

)

   

Impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

   

3

 
 

Latin America

   

2

 
 

U.S. income taxes

   

6

 
 

Interest expense

   

3

 

   

Total International

   

6

 

Unusual items:

       
 

Sale of CGE (Note 8)

   

8

 
 

PJM billing dispute (Note 9)

   

(27

)

 

NorthWestern litigation (Note 9)

   

(6

)

   

$

(9

)

 

The period-to-period changes in earnings components, including domestic gross energy margins by region and income statement line items, are discussed following the future earnings factors and segment results.

PPL's future earnings could be, or will be, impacted by a number of key factors, including the following:

Supply Segment:

  • PPL's future energy margins and, consequently, its future earnings, will be impacted by changes in market prices for electricity, as well as fluctuations in fuel prices, fuel transportation costs and emission allowance expenses. For instance, although PPL expects market prices for electricity in 2005 to be higher than in 2004, PPL is not expecting an increase in its 2005 energy margins due to expected increases in the cost of fuel, fuel transportation and emissions allowances. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of the status of PPL's sulfur dioxide emission allowances.
  • A key part of PPL's overall strategy is to enter into long-term and intermediate-term energy supply agreements in order to mitigate market price and supply risk. PPL's ability to continue to enter into such agreements, and to renew existing energy supply agreements, may affect its future earnings. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for more information regarding PPL's wholesale energy commitments and Note 10 for more information regarding the PLR contracts.
  • Due to current electricity and natural gas price levels, there is a risk that PPL may be unable to recover its investment in certain gas-fired generation facilities. Under GAAP, PPL does not believe that there is an impairment charge to be recorded for these facilities at this time. PPL is unable to predict the earnings impact of this issue, based upon future energy and fuel price levels, applicable accounting rules and other factors, but such impact may be material.
  • In June 2004, a subsidiary of PPL Generation agreed to sell the 450 MW Sundance power plant to Arizona Public Service Company. Each party has waived the remaining contractual conditions for approval of the transaction by the Arizona Corporation Commission. The sale still requires approvals of the FERC under the Federal Power Act. PPL cannot predict whether or when these approvals will be obtained. PPL estimates that a loss on sale or an impairment charge of about $47 million, after tax, or $0.25 per share, could be recorded in 2005 depending on the timing and likelihood of obtaining the FERC approvals.
  • PPL's ability to manage operational risk with respect to its generation plants is critical to its financial performance. Specifically, depending on the timing and duration of both planned and unplanned outages (in particular, if such outages are during peak periods or periods of severe weather), PPL's revenue from energy sales could be adversely affected and its need to purchase power to satisfy its energy commitments could be significantly increased. PPL has been successful in the past several years in increasing fleet-wide equivalent availability (i.e., the percentage of time in a year that a generating unit is capable of producing power) from the low 80% range to over 90%. However, since many of its generating units are reaching mid-life, PPL is faced with the potential for outages of longer duration to accommodate significant investments in major component replacements.
  • PPL has interests in two synthetic fuel facilities and receives tax credits pursuant to Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code based on its sale of synthetic fuel to unaffiliated third-party purchasers. PPL has estimated that these facilities will contribute approximately $0.21 to annual EPS through 2007, when the availability of such tax credits is scheduled to expire. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of the requirements to receive the Section 29 tax credits, the IRS review of synthetic fuel production procedures and the impact of higher oil prices on the Section 29 tax credits.
  • To comply with existing and future environmental requirements and as a result of voluntary pollution control measures it may take, PPL expects to spend significant amounts on environmental control and compliance in the future. The costs of such measures, in most cases, are not now determinable with certainty. For instance, PPL's current cost estimates for sulfur dioxide reduction at its generating plants are preliminary and PPL could incur significantly higher capital and operating expenses due to more stringent environmental requirements, changing market conditions with respect to the cost of pollution control equipment or emissions allowances, delays in the installation of pollution control equipment or other factors. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for more information regarding current environmental requirements and initiatives, including those relating to air emissions, and PPL's anticipated capital expenditure program to meet the sulfur dioxide reduction requirements of the Clean Air Act.

International Delivery Segment:

  • Earnings in 2005 and beyond are expected to continue to be adversely affected by increased pension costs. Specifically, WPD will experience increased pension costs due to a recent actuarial valuation of WPD's plans that reflects higher pension obligations. The increase in pension costs in 2005 is forecasted to be approximately $24 million, after tax, and the increase in pension costs is expected to continue to be significant in 2006. An additional $4 million of expense, after tax, was recognized in the first quarter related to termination benefits.

Pennsylvania Delivery Segment:

  • In December 2004, the PUC approved an increase in PPL Electric's distribution rates of approximately $137 million (based on a return on equity of 10.7%), and approved PPL Electric's proposed mechanism for collecting an additional $57 million in transmission-related charges, for a total increase of approximately $194 million, effective January 1, 2005.
  • PPL Electric has agreed to provide electricity supply to its PLR customers at predetermined rates through 2009 and has entered into PUC-approved, full requirements energy supply agreements with PPL EnergyPlus to fulfill its PLR obligation. The predetermined charges for generation supply which PPL Electric collects from its PLR customers and pays to PPL EnergyPlus under the energy supply agreements provide for annual increases in each year commencing in 2006 and continuing through 2009. PPL Electric's PLR obligation after 2009 will be determined by the PUC pursuant to rules that have not yet been promulgated. See Note 10 to the Financial Statements for more information regarding the PLR contracts.
  • In January 2005, severe ice storms hit PPL Electric's service territory. PPL Electric had to restore service to about 238,000 customers. Although the actual cost of these storms and the specific allocation of such cost between operation and maintenance expense and capital costs is not yet finalized, PPL Electric currently estimates a total cost of $22 million, with approximately $19 million, or $0.06 per share, being recorded as an expense on PPL Electric's income statement for the first quarter of 2005.

    On February 11, 2005, PPL Electric filed a petition with the PUC for authority to defer and amortize for regulatory accounting and reporting purposes its actual cost of these storms, excluding capitalized costs of approximately $3 million and regular payroll expenses of approximately $2 million (pursuant to PUC precedent on this issue). If the PUC grants this petition, PPL Electric's management will assess the recoverability of these costs in PPL Electric's next general rate increase proceeding, in accordance with SFAS 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation." Depending on the likelihood of such recovery based on this assessment, most of the first quarter expense could be reversed in that future period. At this time, PPL Electric cannot predict the outcome of its deferral petition or the likelihood of recovery of these storm costs.

All Segments:

  • PPL is unable to predict whether future impairments of goodwill may be required for its domestic and international investments. While no goodwill impairments were required based on the annual review performed in the fourth quarter of 2004, future impairments may occur due to determinations of carrying value exceeding the fair value of these investments.
  • From time to time, PPL and its subsidiaries are involved in negotiations with third parties regarding acquisitions and dispositions of businesses and assets. Any such transactions may impact future earnings.
  • See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for potential commitments and contingent liabilities that may impact future earnings.
  • See Note 16 to the Financial Statements for new accounting standards that have been issued but not yet adopted by PPL that may impact future earnings.

Segment Results

Net income by segment was as follows:

   

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

 

Supply

 

$

86

   

$

89

 
 

International Delivery

   

62

     

48

 
 

Pennsylvania Delivery

   

20

     

40

 

 

Total

 

$

168

   

$

177

 

Supply Segment

The Supply segment owns and operates power plants to generate electricity, markets this electricity and other power purchases to deregulated wholesale and retail markets and acquires and develops domestic generation projects. The Supply segment primarily consists of the activities of PPL Generation and PPL EnergyPlus.

Segment net income was as follows:

   

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Energy revenues

               
 

External

 

$

312

   

$

315

 
 

Intersegment

   

416

     

410

 

Energy related businesses

   

122

     

102

 

 

Total operating revenues

   

850

     

827

 

Fuel and energy purchases

               
 

External

   

307

     

318

 
 

Intersegment

   

38

     

38

 

Other operation and maintenance

   

191

     

171

 

Depreciation

   

38

     

35

 

Taxes, other than income

   

12

     

13

 

Energy related businesses

   

142

     

116

 

 

Total operating expenses

   

728

     

691

 

Other Income - net

           

2

 

Interest Expense

   

30

     

24

 

Income Taxes

   

6

     

25

 

 

Total

 

$

86

   

$

89

 

The after-tax change in net income was due to the following factors:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Eastern U.S. non-trading margins

 

$

16

 

Northwestern U.S. non-trading margins

   

(9

)

Net energy trading margins

   

6

 

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(10

)

Synfuel earnings

   

7

 

Depreciation

   

(2

)

Interest expense

   

(3

)

Other

   

(2

)

 

Total

   

3

 

Unusual item - NorthWestern litigation (Note 9)

   

(6

)

     

$

(3

)

 

  • See "Domestic Gross Energy Margins" for an explanation of non-trading margins by geographic region and for an explanation on net energy trading margins.
  • Higher operation and maintenance expenses were primarily due to accelerated amortization of stock-based compensation for retirement-eligible employees, which resulted from additional accounting guidance. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements for additional information.
  • The improved earnings contribution from synfuel operations resulted from the Tyrone facility that began commercial operation during the third quarter of 2004.

The change in net income was also attributable to an accrual of approximately $6 million after tax for the loss contingency related to the NorthWestern litigation. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for additional information on the accrual.

International Delivery Segment

The International Delivery segment owns and operates international energy businesses that are focused on the distribution of electricity. The segment primarily consists of the operations of the regulated international energy businesses of PPL Global. The majority of PPL Global's international businesses are located in the U.K., Chile, El Salvador and Bolivia.

Segment net income was as follows:

   

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Energy revenues

 

$

293

   

$

279

 

Energy related businesses

   

17

     

16

 

 

Total operating revenues

   

310

     

295

 

Fuel and energy purchases

   

63

     

54

 

Other operation and maintenance

   

62

     

56

 

Depreciation

   

38

     

36

 

Taxes, other than income

   

14

     

13

 

Energy related businesses

   

6

     

21

 

 

Total operating expenses

   

183

     

180

 

Other Income - net

   

5

     

7

 

Interest Expense

   

50

     

49

 

Income Taxes

   

18

     

22

 

Minority Interest

   

2

     

2

 

Loss from Discontinued Operations

           

1

 

 

Total

 

$

62

   

$

48

 

The after-tax change in net income was due to the following factors:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

U.K.:

       
 

Operation and maintenance expenses

 

$

(8

)

 

Impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

   

3

 

Latin America

   

2

 

U.S. income taxes

   

6

 

Interest expense

   

3

 

 

Total

   

6

 

Unusual item - Sale of CGE (Note 8)

   

8

 

   

$

14

 

  • The U.K.'s earnings were negatively impacted by higher operation and maintenance expenses, primarily due to increased pension costs and termination benefit expenses.
  • U.S. income taxes on dividends from WPD decreased primarily due to greater utilization of foreign tax credits.
  • Lower interest expense was due to lower affiliate debt.

Pennsylvania Delivery Segment

The Pennsylvania Delivery segment includes the regulated electric and gas delivery operations of PPL Electric and PPL Gas Utilities.

Segment net income was as follows:

   

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Operating revenues

               
 

External

 

$

858

   

$

807

 
 

Intersegment

   

38

     

38

 

 

Total operating revenues

   

896

     

845

 

Fuel and energy purchases

               
 

External

   

144

     

100

 
 

Intersegment

   

416

     

410

 

Other operation and maintenance

   

111

     

89

 

Amortization of recoverable transition costs

   

69

     

71

 

Depreciation

   

29

     

28

 

Taxes, other than income

   

47

     

31

 

 

Total operating expenses

   

816

     

729

 

Other Income - net

   

4

     

1

 

Interest Expense

   

55

     

51

 

Income Taxes

   

8

     

25

 

Dividends on Preferred Stock

   

1

     

1

 

 

Total

 

$

20

   

$

40

 

The after-tax change in net income was due to the following factors:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Delivery revenues (net of CTC/ITC amortization, interest expense on transition bonds and ancillary charges)

 

$

28

 

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(13

)

Taxes, other than income (excluding gross receipts tax)

   

(8

)

 

Total

   

7

 

Unusual item - PJM billing dispute
(Note 9)

   

(27

)

   

$

(20

)

  • Delivery revenues increased as a result of higher transmission and distribution customer rates effective January 1, 2005, and a 3.7% increase in electricity delivery sales volumes.
  • The increase in operation and maintenance expenses was primarily due to the costs incurred in January 2005 to restore electric service to customers as a result of severe ice storms that affected portions of PPL Electric's service territory. The increase was also due to accelerated amortization of stock-based compensation for retirement-eligible employees, which resulted from additional accounting guidance. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements for additional information on stock-based compensation.
  • Taxes, other than income, benefited in 2004 from the reversal of 1998 and 1999 PURTA tax accruals related to the PPL Susquehanna tax appeals.

The change in net income was also attributable to an accrual of approximately $27 million after tax for the loss contingency related to the PJM billing dispute. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for additional information on the accrual.

Domestic Gross Energy Margins

The following table provides pre-tax changes in the income statement line items that comprise domestic gross energy margins:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Utility

 

$

66

 

Unregulated retail electric and gas

   

(6

)

Wholesale energy marketing

   

(7

)

Net energy trading margins

   

10

 

Other revenue adjustments (a)

   

(45

)

 

Total revenues

   

18

 

Fuel

   

40

 

Energy purchases

   

2

 

Other cost adjustments (a)

   

(44

)

 

Total cost of sales

   

(2

)

   

Domestic gross energy margins

 

$

20

 

 

(a)

 

Adjusted to exclude the impact of any revenues and costs not associated with domestic gross energy margins, in particular, revenues and energy costs related to the international operations of PPL Global, the domestic delivery operations of PPL Electric and PPL Gas Utilities and an accrual for the loss contingency related to the PJM billing dispute (see Note 9 to the Financial Statements for additional information). Also adjusted to include gains or losses on sales of emission allowances, which are included in "Other operation and maintenance" expenses on the Statement of Income.

Changes in Domestic Gross Energy Margins By Region

Domestic gross energy margins are generated through PPL's normal hedging (non-trading) activities, as well as trading activities. PPL manages its non-trading energy business on a geographic basis that is aligned with its generation assets.

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Eastern U.S.

 

$

27

 

Northwestern U.S.

   

(15)

 

Southwestern U.S.

   

(2)

 

Net energy trading

   

10

 

 

Domestic gross energy margins

 

$

20

 

Eastern U.S.

Eastern U.S. non-trading margins were higher primarily because a greater portion of PPL's supply came from its own generation, instead of purchased power. This was due to the timing of plant outages as well as the operation of the Lower Mt. Bethel plant, which began commercial operation in May 2004. The increase was achieved despite higher supply costs, which were driven by increased fossil fuel and power purchase prices. Power purchase prices increased by 4% primarily due to higher market prices for fossil fuel; however, this increase was more than offset by a 10% increase in the average sales price for wholesale transactions. Fuel costs increased 23% due to a 6% increase in generation across a diverse mix of low-cost coal-fired, nuclear and hydroelectric plants and a 17% increase in the average consumed cost of fossil fuels. In addition, PPL also benefited from favorable transmission congestion positions, and gains on sales of emission allowances.

Northwestern U.S.

Northwestern U.S. non-trading margins were lower primarily due to an 8% reduction in coal and hydroelectric generation output. Generation was adversely affected by outages and reduced river flows. Additionally, the average consumed cost of coal increased by 10% primarily due to an unfavorable arbitration ruling effective April 2004.

Net Energy Trading

PPL enters into certain energy contracts that meet the criteria of trading derivatives as defined by EITF Issue 02-3, "Issues Involved in Accounting for Derivative Contracts Held for Trading Purposes and Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities." These physical and financial contracts cover trading activity associated with electricity, gas and oil. The $10 million increase was primarily due to an increase in realized gains on electricity positions as well as an increase in wholesale physical gas trading. The physical volumes associated with energy trading for the three months ended March 31, 2005, were 1,066 GWh and 4.5 Bcf, compared with 994 GWh and 2.4 Bcf for the three months ended March 31, 2004.

Utility Revenues

The increase in utility revenues was attributable to the following:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Domestic:

       
 

Retail electric revenue (PPL Electric)

       

Electric delivery

$

32

PLR electric generation supply

16

 

Gas revenue (PPL Gas Utilities)

   

7

 
 

Wholesale electric revenue (PPL Electric)

   

(3

)

International:

       
 

Retail electric delivery (PPL Global)

       
   

Chile

   

7

 
   

U.K.

   

4

 
   

El Salvador

   

3

 

       

$

66

 

The increase in utility revenues was primarily due to:

  • higher delivery revenues resulting from higher transmission and distribution customer rates effective January 1, 2005, and a 3.7% increase in sales volumes;
  • higher PPL Electric PLR revenues due to higher energy and capacity rates, and a 5.6% increase in volumes, in part due to the return of customers previously served by alternate suppliers;
  • higher PPL Gas Utilities revenues, primarily due to the increase in natural gas prices which are a pass-through to customer rates;
  • higher revenues in Chile, primarily due to a 7.3% increase in sales volumes, primarily attributable to regulated customers;
  • higher WPD revenues, primarily due to the change in foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by a reduction in certain charges which had been a pass-through to customer rates; and
  • higher revenues in El Salvador, due to a 5.3% increase in sales volumes of all customer types.

Energy Related Businesses

Energy related businesses contributed $10 million more to operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2005, compared with the same period in 2004. The increase was attributable to:

  • a $15 million pre-tax loss in 2004, related to the sale of CGE (see Note 8 to the Financial Statements); and
  • a $2 million increase from mechanical contracting and engineering subsidiaries due to a favorable closeout on a major project; partially offset by
  • a $6 million higher pre-tax operating loss from synfuel projects due to increased production levels which improve after-tax earnings.

Other Operation and Maintenance

The increase in other operation and maintenance expenses was due to:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Costs associated with severe ice storms in January 2005

 

$

19

 

Accelerated amortization of stock-based compensation (Note 2)

   

17

 

Increase in domestic and international pension costs

   

14

 

NorthWestern litigation accrual (Note 9)

   

9

 

Increase in foreign currency exchange rates

   

2

 

Gains on sales of emission allowances

   

(7

)

Reduction in WPD costs that are a pass-through to customer rates

   

(5

)

Other

   

(1

)

   

$

48

 

  

The $14 million increase in net pension costs was primarily attributable to a reduction in the discount rate assumptions for PPL's domestic pension plans at December 31, 2004, and increased amortization of prior year actuarial losses for WPD's pension plans. These events will result in PPL's recognition of increased net pension costs in 2005. See Note 13 to the Financial Statements for details of the costs of PPL's pension plans.

Depreciation

The increase in depreciation expense was due to:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Lower Mt. Bethel generation facility, which began commercial operation in May 2004

 

$

4

   

Other additions to PP&E

   

4

   

Foreign currency exchange rates

   

1

   

Extension of useful lives of certain fossil generation assets (Note 2)

   

(3

)

 

   

$

6

   

 

Taxes, Other Than Income

In the first quarter of 2004, PPL Electric reversed a $14 million accrued liability for 1998 and 1999 PURTA taxes that had been accrued based on potential exposure in the proceedings regarding the Susquehanna nuclear station tax assessment. The rights of third-party intervenors to further appeal expired in 2004. The reversal is the primary reason for the $16 million increase in taxes, other than income.

Other Income - net

See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for details of other income.

Interest Expense

The increase in interest expense was due to:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Interest expense related to the Lower Mt. Bethel generation facility, which began commercial operation in May 2004 (a)

 

$

9

   

Interest accrued for PJM billing dispute (Note 9)

   

8

   

Increase in short-term debt interest expense

   

2

   

Decrease in interest expense due to the repayment in June 2004 of financing related to the Sundance and University Park generation facilities (b)

   

(6

)

 

Decrease in other long-term debt interest expense

   

(4

)

 

Other

   

2

   

   

$

11

   

 

(a)

 

Prior to commercial operation, interest related to the Lower Mt. Bethel financing was capitalized as part of the cost of the facility.

(b)

 

In June 2004, subsidiaries of PPL Energy Supply purchased the Sundance and University Park generation facilities from the lessor that was consolidated by PPL Energy Supply under FIN 46 (revised December 2003), "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51." In connection with the purchase, the related financing was repaid.

Income Taxes

Income taxes decreased by $40 million. The decrease was primarily attributable to:

  • a $10 million tax benefit recognized in 2005 related to additional nonconventional fuel tax credits in excess of credits recognized in 2004;
  • a $7 million decrease in tax expense on foreign earnings in 2005 relative to 2004; and
  • a $22 million decrease in income tax expense due to lower pre-tax book income.

Discontinued Operations

See "Discontinued Operations" in Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information regarding the loss of $1 million recorded in the first quarter of 2004 related to PPL Global's plan of sale of its investment in a Latin American telecommunications company.

 

Financial Condition

Liquidity

At March 31, 2005, PPL had $754 million of cash and short-term investments and $306 million of short-term debt. At December 31, 2004, PPL had $682 million in cash and short-term investments and $42 million of short-term debt. The increase in PPL's cash and short-term investment position was primarily the net result of:

  • $309 million of cash provided by operating activities;
  • the issuance of $116 million of tax-exempt long-term debt at PPL Electric;
  • the issuance of $24 million of common stock; and
  • an increase in short-term debt of $265 million; offset by
  • the retirement of $396 million of long-term debt;
  • the payment of $78 million of common and preferred dividends; and
  • $169 million of capital expenditures.

Rating Agency Decisions

S&P, Moody's and Fitch periodically review the credit ratings on the debt and preferred securities of PPL and its subsidiaries. Based on their respective reviews, the rating agencies may make certain ratings revisions.

The ratings of S&P, Moody's and Fitch are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any securities of PPL or its subsidiaries. Such ratings may be subject to revisions or withdrawal by the agencies at any time and should be evaluated independently of each other and any other rating that may be assigned to their securities.

In January 2005, S&P affirmed PPL Electric's A-/A-2 corporate credit ratings and favorably revised its outlook on the company to stable from negative following the authorization of a $194 million rate increase by the PUC. S&P indicated that the outlook revision reflects its expectations that the rate increase, effective January 1, 2005, will allow for material improvement in PPL Electric's financial profile, which had lagged S&P's expectations in recent years. S&P indicated that the stable outlook reflects its expectations that PPL Electric "will rapidly improve and then maintain financial metrics more consistent with its ratings." S&P indicated that it expects PPL Electric's operations to remain stable through the expiration of the PLR agreement.

Additionally, in January 2005, S&P revised its outlooks on the WPD companies to stable from negative. S&P attributes this positive change to financial profile improvements resulting from the final regulatory outcome published by Ofgem in November 2004. At the same time, S&P affirmed the WPD companies' long-term and short-term credit ratings.

Also in January 2005, Fitch announced that it downgraded the WPD companies' senior unsecured credit ratings by one notch as follows:

  • WPDH Limited to BBB- from BBB
  • WPD LLP to BBB from BBB+
  • WPD (South West) and WPD (South Wales) to BBB+/F2 from A-/F1

Fitch has a stable outlook on all of the WPD companies.

Fitch stated that its downgrade was prompted by the high level of pension-adjusted leverage at WPD. Fitch acknowledged that WPD's funding plan should reduce its pension deficit over time and it expects WPD to proceed with its de-leveraging program. However, Fitch indicated that it is not certain enough, due to the unpredictability in future pension valuations, that pension-adjusted leverage will support a BBB rating at WPDH Limited. Fitch indicated that WPD (South West) and WPD (South Wales) have been downgraded to maintain a two-notch differential with WPDH Limited because Fitch does not believe that WPD's financial ring-fencing is restrictive enough to support a three-notch differential.

For additional information on PPL's liquidity, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL's 2004 Form 10-K.

Risk Management - Energy Marketing & Trading and Other

Market Risk

Commodity Price Risk (Non-trading)

PPL's commodity derivative contracts that qualify for hedge accounting treatment mature at various times through 2010. The following chart sets forth PPL's net fair value of these contracts:

   

Three Months Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the period

 

$

(11

)

 

$

86

 

Contracts realized or otherwise settled during the period

   

(7

)

   

(24

)

Fair value of new contracts at inception

               

Other changes in fair values

   

(88

)

   

23

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

(106

)

 

$

85

 

 

The following chart segregates estimated fair values of PPL's commodity derivative contracts that qualify for hedge accounting treatment at March 31, 2005, based on whether the fair values are determined by quoted market prices or other more subjective means:

 

   

Fair Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains (Losses)

 

   

Maturity
Less Than
1 Year

   

Maturity
1-3 Years

   

Maturity
3-5 Years

   

Maturity
in Excess
of 5 Years

   

Total Fair
Value

 

Source of Fair Value

                                       

Prices actively quoted

 

$

15

   

$

15

   

$

1

           

$

31

 

Prices provided by other external sources

   

(17

)

   

(111

)

   

(9

)

           

(137

)

Prices based on models and other valuation methods

                                       

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

(2

)

 

$

(96

)

 

$

(8

)

         

$

(106

)

The "Prices actively quoted" category includes the fair value of exchange-traded natural gas futures contracts quoted on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX). The NYMEX has currently quoted prices through 2010.

The "Prices provided by other external sources" category includes PPL's forward positions and options in natural gas and power and natural gas basis swaps at points for which over-the-counter (OTC) broker quotes are available. The fair value of electricity positions recorded above use the midpoint of the bid/ask spreads obtained through OTC brokers. On average, OTC quotes for forwards and swaps of natural gas and power extend one and two years into the future.

The "Prices based on models and other valuation methods" category includes the value of transactions for which a price curve was developed by PPL due to the long-dated nature of the transaction or the illiquidity of the market point, or the value of options not quoted by an exchange or OTC broker. Additionally, this category includes "strip" transactions whose prices are obtained from external sources and then modeled to monthly prices as appropriate.

As of March 31, 2005, PPL estimated that a 10% adverse movement in market prices of both electricity and fuel across all geographic areas and time periods would have decreased the value of the commodity contracts in its non-trading portfolio by approximately $202 million. For purposes of this calculation, an increase in the market price for electricity is considered an adverse movement because PPL's electricity portfolio is generally in a net sales position, and a decrease in the market price for fuel is considered an adverse movement because PPL's commodity fuels portfolio is generally in a net purchase position. PPL enters into these commodity contracts to reduce the market risk inherent in the generation of electricity.

In accordance with its marketing strategy, PPL does not completely hedge its generation output or fuel requirements. PPL estimates that for its entire portfolio, including all generation and physical and financial energy positions, a 10% adverse change in power prices across all geographic zones and time periods would not have a material impact on expected 2005 gross margins. Similarly, a 10% adverse movement in all fossil fuel prices would decrease 2005 gross margins by $14 million.

PPL also executes energy contracts to take advantage of market opportunities. As a result, PPL may at times create a net open position in its portfolio that could result in significant losses if prices do not move in the manner or direction anticipated. The margins from these trading activities are shown in the Statement of Income as "Net energy trading margins."

Commodity Price Risk (Trading)

PPL's trading contracts mature at various times through 2008. The following chart sets forth PPL's net fair value of trading contracts:

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the period

 

$

10

   

$

3

 

Contracts realized or otherwise settled during the period

   

(4

)

   

(3

)

Fair value of new contracts at inception

   

3

     

4

 

Other changes in fair values

   

7

     

7

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

16

   

$

11

 

 

PPL will reverse approximately $1 million of the $16 million unrealized trading gains over the next three months of 2005 as the transactions are realized.

The following chart segregates estimated fair values of PPL's trading portfolio at March 31, 2005, based on whether the fair values are determined by quoted market prices or other more subjective means:

   

Fair Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains (Losses)

 

   

Maturity
Less Than
1 Year

   

Maturity
1-3 Years

   

Maturity
3-5 Years

   

Maturity
in Excess
of 5 Years

   

Total Fair
Value

 

Source of Fair Value

                                       

Prices actively quoted

 

$

3

   

$

1

                   

$

4

 

Prices provided by other external sources

   

9

     

4

                     

13

 

Prices based on models and other valuation methods

   

(1

)

                           

(1

)

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

11

   

$

5

                   

$

16

 

See "Commodity Price Risk (Non-trading)" for information on the various sources of fair value.

As of March 31, 2005, PPL estimated that a 10% adverse movement in market prices across all geographic areas and time periods would have decreased the value of the commodity contracts in its trading portfolio by $10 million.

Interest Rate Risk

PPL and its subsidiaries have issued debt to finance their operations. PPL utilizes various financial derivative products to adjust the mix of fixed and floating interest rates in its debt portfolio, adjust the duration of its debt portfolio and lock in U.S. Treasury rates (and interest rate spreads over treasuries) in anticipation of future financing, when appropriate. Risk limits under the risk management program are designed to balance risk exposure to volatility in interest expense and changes in the fair value of PPL's debt portfolio due to changes in the absolute level of interest rates.

At March 31, 2005, PPL's potential annual exposure to increased interest expense, based on a 10% increase in interest rates, was estimated at $5 million.

PPL is also exposed to changes in the fair value of its domestic and international debt portfolios. At March 31, 2005, PPL estimated that its potential exposure to a change in the fair value of its debt portfolio, through a 10% adverse movement in interest rates, was approximately $212 million.

PPL utilizes various risk management instruments to reduce its exposure to the expected future cash flow variability of its debt instruments. These risks include exposure to adverse interest rate movements for outstanding variable rate debt and for future anticipated financing. While PPL is exposed to changes in the fair value of these instruments, any changes in the fair value of these instruments are recorded into equity and then reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the item being hedged affects earnings. At March 31, 2005, the market value of these instruments, representing the amount PPL would pay upon their termination, was approximately $1 million. At March 31, 2005, PPL estimated that its potential exposure to a change in the fair value of these instruments, through a 10% adverse movement in the hedged exposure, was insignificant.

PPL also utilizes various risk management instruments to adjust the mix of fixed and floating interest rates in its debt portfolio. While PPL is exposed to changes in the fair value of these instruments, any change in market value is recorded with an equal and offsetting change in the value of the debt being hedged. At March 31, 2005, PPL estimated that its potential exposure to a change in the fair value of these instruments, through a 10% adverse movement in interest rates, was approximately $18 million.

Foreign Currency Risk

PPL is exposed to foreign currency risk, primarily through investments in affiliates in Latin America and Europe. In addition, PPL may make purchases of equipment in currencies other than U.S. dollars.

PPL has adopted a foreign currency risk management program designed to hedge certain foreign currency exposures, including firm commitments, recognized assets or liabilities and net investments. In addition, PPL enters into financial instruments to protect against foreign currency translation risk.

To protect expected income denominated in British pounds sterling, PPL entered into average rate options for £32 million. At March 31, 2005, the market value of these positions, representing the amount PPL would receive upon their termination, was approximately $1 million.

To protect expected income in Chilean pesos, PPL entered into average rate options for 4 billion Chilean pesos. At March 31, 2005, the market value of these positions, representing the amount PPL would receive upon their termination, was insignificant.

PPL executed net forward sale transactions for £10 million to hedge a portion of its net investment in WPDH Limited. The estimated value of these agreements as of March 31, 2005, was $1 million, being the amount PPL would pay to terminate the transactions.

WPDH Limited held a net position in cross-currency swaps totaling $1.1 billion to hedge the interest payments and value of its U.S. dollar-denominated bonds. The estimated value of this position at March 31, 2005, being the amount PPL would pay to terminate it, including accrued interest, was $255 million.

On the Statement of Income, gains and losses associated with hedges of interest payments denominated in foreign currencies are reflected in "Interest Expense." Gains and losses associated with the purchase of equipment are reflected in "Depreciation." Gains and losses associated with net investment hedges remain in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" on the Balance Sheet until the investment is disposed.

Nuclear Decommissioning Fund - Securities Price Risk

In connection with certain NRC requirements, PPL Susquehanna maintains trust funds to fund certain costs of decommissioning the Susquehanna station. As of March 31, 2005, these funds were invested primarily in domestic equity securities and fixed-rate, fixed-income securities and are reflected at fair value on PPL's Balance Sheet. The mix of securities is designed to provide returns to be used to fund Susquehanna's decommissioning and to compensate for inflationary increases in decommissioning costs. However, the equity securities included in the trusts are exposed to price fluctuation in equity markets, and the values of fixed-rate, fixed-income securities in the trusts are exposed to changes in interest rates. PPL Susquehanna actively monitors the investment performance and periodically reviews asset allocation in accordance with its nuclear decommissioning trust policy statement. At March 31, 2005, a hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates and a 10% decrease in equity prices would have resulted in an estimated $30 million reduction in the fair value of the trust assets. See the "Nuclear Decommissioning" Note in the 2004 Form 10-K for more information regarding the nuclear decommissioning trust funds.

Related Party Transactions

PPL is not aware of any material ownership interests or operating responsibility by senior management of PPL, PPL Energy Supply or PPL Electric in outside partnerships, including leasing transactions with variable interest entities, or other entities doing business with PPL.

For additional information on related party transactions, see Note 10 to the Financial Statements.

Acquisitions, Development and Divestitures

From time to time, PPL and its subsidiaries are involved in negotiations with third parties regarding acquisitions, joint ventures and other arrangements which may or may not result in definitive agreements. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information regarding recent development and divestiture activities.

PPL is currently planning incremental capacity increases of 255 MW at several existing domestic generating facilities.

PPL is continuously reexamining development projects based on market conditions and other factors to determine whether to proceed with these projects, sell them, cancel them, expand them, execute tolling agreements or pursue other opportunities.

Environmental Matters

See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of environmental matters.

New Accounting Standards

See Note 16 to the Financial Statements for information on new accounting standards pending adoption.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

PPL's financial condition and results of operations are impacted by the methods, assumptions and estimates used in the application of critical accounting policies. The following accounting policies are particularly important to the financial condition or results of operations of PPL, and require estimates or other judgments of matters inherently uncertain: price risk management, pension and other postretirement benefits, asset impairment, leasing, loss contingencies and asset retirement obligations.

See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL's 2004 Form 10-K for a discussion of each critical accounting policy. PPL's senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies, and the estimates and assumptions regarding them, with its Audit Committee. In addition, PPL's senior management reviewed the Form 10-K disclosures regarding the application of these critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee.



PPL ENERGY SUPPLY, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

PPL Energy Supply is an energy company with headquarters in Allentown, PA. In PPL Energy Supply's 2004 Form 10-K, a description of PPL Energy Supply's domestic and international businesses is found in "Item 1. Business - Background" and a listing of its principal subsidiaries is shown in Exhibit 99. Through its subsidiaries, PPL Energy Supply is primarily engaged in the generation and marketing of electricity in two key markets - the northeastern and western U.S. - and in the delivery of electricity in the U.K. and Latin America. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL Energy Supply's 2004 Form 10-K for an overview of PPL Energy Supply's strategy and the risks and the challenges that it faces in its business.

PPL Energy Supply's reportable segments are Supply and International Delivery. See Note 3 to the Financial Statements for further segment information.

The following information should be read in conjunction with PPL Energy Supply's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes.

Terms and abbreviations are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions unless otherwise noted.

Results of Operations

The following discussion begins with a review of PPL Energy Supply's earnings and a description of key factors by segment that management expects may impact future earnings. "Results of Operations" continues with a summary of results by reportable segment and ends with explanations of significant changes in principal items on PPL Energy Supply's Statement of Income, comparing the three months ended March 31, 2005, to the comparable period in 2004.

WPD's results, as consolidated in PPL Energy Supply's Statement of Income, are impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, as compared with the same period in 2004, changes in foreign exchange rates increased WPD's portion of revenue and expense line items by about 5%.

The Statement of Income reflects the results of past operations and is not intended as any indication of future operating results. Future operating results will necessarily be affected by various and diverse factors and developments. Furthermore, because results for interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various factors and developments and by seasonal variations, the results of operations for interim periods do not necessarily indicate results or trends for the year.

Earnings

Net income was $155 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and $146 million for the same period in 2004. The after-tax change in net income was due to:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Domestic:

       
 

Eastern U.S. non-trading margins

 

$

16

 
 

Northwestern U.S. non-trading margins

   

(9

)

 

Net energy trading margins

   

6

 
 

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(6

)

 

Interest expense

   

(9

)

 

Synfuel earnings

   

7

 
 

Other

   

(4

)

   

Total Domestic

   

1

 

International:

       
 

U.K.:

       
   

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(8

)

   

Impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

   

3

 
 

Latin America

   

2

 
 

U.S. income taxes

   

6

 
 

Interest expense

   

3

 

   

Total International

   

6

 

Unusual items:

       
 

Sale of CGE (Note 8)

   

8

 
 

NorthWestern litigation (Note 9)

   

(6

)

   

$

9

 

 

The period-to-period changes in earnings components, including domestic gross energy margins by region and income statement line items, are discussed following the future earnings factors and segment results.

PPL Energy Supply's future earnings could be, or will be, impacted by a number of key factors, including the following:

Supply Segment:

  • PPL Energy Supply's future energy margins and, consequently, its future earnings, will be impacted by changes in market prices for electricity, as well as fluctuations in fuel prices, fuel transportation costs and emission allowance expenses. For instance, although PPL Energy Supply expects market prices for electricity in 2005 to be higher than in 2004, PPL Energy Supply is not expecting an increase in its 2005 energy margins due to expected increases in the cost of fuel, fuel transportation and emissions allowances. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of the status of PPL Energy Supply's sulfur dioxide emission allowances.
  • A key part of PPL Energy Supply's overall strategy is to enter into long-term and intermediate-term energy supply agreements in order to mitigate market price and supply risk. PPL Energy Supply's ability to continue to enter into such agreements, and to renew existing energy supply agreements, may affect its future earnings. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for more information regarding PPL Energy Supply's wholesale energy commitments and Note 10 for more information regarding the PLR contracts.
  • PPL Electric has agreed to provide electricity supply to its PLR customers at predetermined rates through 2009 and has entered into PUC-approved, full requirements energy supply agreements with PPL EnergyPlus to fulfill its PLR obligation. The predetermined charges for generation supply which PPL Electric collects from its PLR customers and pays to PPL EnergyPlus under the energy supply agreements provide for annual increases in each year commencing in 2006 and continuing through 2009. PPL Electric's PLR obligation after 2009 will be determined by the PUC pursuant to rules that have not yet been promulgated. See Note 10 to the Financial Statements for more information regarding the PLR contracts.
  • Due to current electricity and natural gas price levels, there is a risk that PPL Energy Supply may be unable to recover its investment in certain gas-fired generation facilities. Under GAAP, PPL Energy Supply does not believe that there is an impairment charge to be recorded for these facilities at this time. PPL Energy Supply is unable to predict the earnings impact of this issue, based upon future energy price and fuel levels, applicable accounting rules and other factors, but such impact may be material.
  • In June 2004, a subsidiary of PPL Generation agreed to sell the 450 MW Sundance power plant to Arizona Public Service Company. Each party has waived the remaining contractual conditions for approval of the transaction by the Arizona Corporation Commission. The sale still requires approvals of the FERC under the Federal Power Act. PPL Energy Supply cannot predict whether or when these approvals will be obtained. PPL Energy Supply estimates that a loss on sale or an impairment charge of about $47 million, after tax, could be recorded in 2005 depending on the timing and likelihood of obtaining the FERC approvals.
  • PPL Energy Supply's ability to manage operational risk with respect to its generation plants is critical to its financial performance. Specifically, depending on the timing and duration of both planned and unplanned outages (in particular, if such outages are during peak periods or periods of severe weather), PPL Energy Supply's revenue from energy sales could be adversely affected and its need to purchase power to satisfy its energy commitments could be significantly increased. PPL Energy Supply has been successful in the past several years in increasing fleet-wide equivalent availability (i.e., the percentage of time in a year that a generating unit is capable of producing power) from the low 80% range to over 90%. However, since many of its generating units are reaching mid-life, PPL Energy Supply is faced with the potential for outages of longer duration to accommodate significant investments in major component replacements.
  • PPL Energy Supply has interests in two synthetic fuel facilities and receives tax credits pursuant to Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code based on its sale of synthetic fuel to unaffiliated third-party purchasers. PPL Energy Supply has estimated that these facilities will contribute approximately $40 million per year to earnings through 2007, when the availability of such tax credits is scheduled to expire. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of the requirements to receive the Section 29 tax credits, the IRS review of synthetic fuel production procedures and the impact of higher oil prices on the Section 29 tax credits.
  • To comply with existing and future environmental requirements and as a result of voluntary pollution control measures it may take, PPL Energy Supply expects to spend significant amounts on environmental control and compliance in the future. The costs of such measures, in most cases, are not now determinable with certainty. For instance, PPL Energy Supply's current cost estimates for sulfur dioxide reduction at its generating plants are preliminary and PPL Energy Supply could incur significantly higher capital and operating expenses due to more stringent environmental requirements, changing market conditions with respect to the cost of pollution control equipment or emissions allowances, delays in the installation of pollution control equipment or other factors. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for more information regarding current environmental requirements and initiatives, including those relating to air emissions, and PPL Energy Supply's anticipated capital expenditure program to meet the sulfur dioxide reduction requirements of the Clean Air Act.

International Delivery Segment:

  • Earnings in 2005 and beyond are expected to continue to be adversely affected by increased pension costs. Specifically, WPD will experience increased pension costs due to a recent actuarial valuation of WPD's plans that reflects higher pension obligations. The increase in pension costs in 2005 is forecasted to be approximately $24 million, after tax, and the increase in pension costs is expected to continue to be significant in 2006. An additional $4 million of expense, after tax, was recognized in the first quarter related to termination benefits.

All Segments:

  • PPL Energy Supply is unable to predict whether future impairments of goodwill may be required for its domestic and international investments. While no goodwill impairments were required based on the annual review performed in the fourth quarter of 2004, future impairments may occur due to determinations of carrying value exceeding the fair value of these investments.
  • From time to time, PPL Energy Supply and its subsidiaries are involved in negotiations with third parties regarding acquisitions and dispositions of businesses and assets. Any such transactions may impact future earnings.
  • See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for potential commitments and contingent liabilities that may impact future earnings.
  • See Note 16 to the Financial Statements for new accounting standards that have been issued but not yet adopted by PPL Energy Supply that may impact future earnings.

Segment Results

Net income by segment was as follows:

   

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Supply

 

$

93

   

$

98

 

International Delivery

   

62

     

48

 

 

Total

 

$

155

   

$

146

 

Supply Segment

The Supply segment owns and operates power plants to generate electricity, markets this electricity and other power purchases to deregulated wholesale and retail markets and acquires and develops domestic generation projects. The Supply segment primarily consists of the activities of PPL Generation and PPL EnergyPlus.

Segment net income was as follows:

   

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Energy revenues

 

$

727

   

$

725

 

Energy related businesses

   

116

     

98

 

 

Total operating revenues

   

843

     

823

 

Fuel and energy purchases

   

345

     

355

 

Other operation and maintenance

   

200

     

180

 

Depreciation

   

36

     

34

 

Taxes, other than income

   

11

     

13

 

Energy related businesses

   

133

     

110

 

 

Total operating expenses

   

725

     

692

 

Other Income - net

   

5

     

4

 

Interest Expense

   

22

     

7

 

Income Taxes

   

8

     

30

 

 

Total

 

$

93

   

$

98

 

The after-tax change in net income was due to the following factors:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Eastern U.S. non-trading margins

 

$

16

 

Northwestern U.S. non-trading margins

   

(9

)

Net energy trading margins

   

6

 

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(6

)

Interest expense

   

(9

)

Synfuel earnings

   

7

 

Other

   

(4

)

 

Total

   

1

 

Unusual item - NorthWestern litigation (Note 9)

   

(6

)

     

$

(5

)

 

  • See "Domestic Gross Energy Margins" for an explanation of non-trading margins by geographic region and for an explanation on net energy trading margins.
  • Higher operation and maintenance expenses were primarily due to accelerated amortization of stock-based compensation for retirement-eligible employees, which resulted from additional accounting guidance. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements for additional information.
  • The improved earnings contribution from synfuel operations resulted from the Tyrone facility that began commercial operation during the third quarter of 2004.
  • Higher interest expense was incurred in the first quarter of 2005 due to the issuance of additional debt, interest associated with Lower Mt. Bethel that is no longer being capitalized since commercial operation commenced in May 2004 and interest on loans from affiliated companies.

The change in net income was also attributable to an accrual of approximately $6 million after tax for the loss contingency related to the NorthWestern litigation. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for additional information on the accrual.

International Delivery Segment

The International Delivery segment owns and operates international energy businesses that are focused on the distribution of electricity. The segment primarily consists of the operations of the regulated international energy businesses of PPL Global. The majority of PPL Global's international businesses are located in the U.K., Chile, El Salvador and Bolivia.

Segment net income was as follows:

   

Three Months
Ended March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Energy revenues

 

$

293

   

$

279

 

Energy related businesses

   

17

     

16

 

 

Total operating revenues

   

310

     

295

 

Fuel and energy purchases

   

63

     

54

 

Other operation and maintenance

   

62

     

56

 

Depreciation

   

38

     

36

 

Taxes, other than income

   

14

     

13

 

Energy related businesses

   

6

     

21

 

 

Total operating expenses

   

183

     

180

 

Other Income - net

   

5

     

7

 

Interest Expense

   

50

     

49

 

Income Taxes

   

18

     

22

 

Minority Interest

   

2

     

2

 

Loss from Discontinued Operations

           

1

 

 

Total

 

$

62

   

$

48

 

The after-tax change in net income was due to the following factors:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

U.K.:

       
 

Operation and maintenance expenses

 

$

(8

)

 

Impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates

   

3

 

Latin America

   

2

 

U.S. income taxes

   

6

 

Interest expense

   

3

 

 

Total

   

6

 

Unusual item - Sale of CGE (Note 8)

   

8

 

   

$

14

 

  • The U.K.'s earnings were negatively impacted by higher operation and maintenance expenses, primarily due to increased pension costs and termination benefit expenses.
  • U.S. income taxes on dividends from WPD decreased primarily due to greater utilization of foreign tax credits.
  • Lower interest expense was due to lower affiliate debt.

Domestic Gross Energy Margins

The following table provides pre-tax changes in the income statement line items that comprise domestic gross energy margins:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Wholesale energy marketing

 

$

(7

)

Wholesale energy marketing to affiliate

   

5

 

Unregulated retail electric and gas

   

(6

)

Net energy trading margins

   

10

 

Other revenue adjustments (a)

   

16

 

 

Total revenues

   

18

 

Fuel

   

33

 

Energy purchases

   

(35

)

Energy purchases from affiliate

   

1

 

Other cost adjustments (a)

   

(1

)

 

Total cost of sales

   

(2

)

   

Domestic gross energy margins

 

$

20

 

 

(a)

 

Adjusted to exclude the impact of any revenues and costs not associated with domestic gross energy margins, in particular, revenues and energy costs related to the international operations of PPL Global. Also adjusted to include gains or losses on sales of emission allowances, which are included in "Other operation and maintenance" expenses on the Statement of Income.

Changes in Domestic Gross Energy Margins By Region

Domestic gross energy margins are generated through PPL Energy Supply's normal hedging (non-trading) activities, as well as trading activities. PPL Energy Supply manages its non-trading energy business on a geographic basis that is aligned with its generation assets.

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Eastern U.S.

 

$

27

 

Northwestern U.S.

   

(15)

 

Southwestern U.S.

   

(2)

 

Net energy trading

   

10

 

 

Domestic gross energy margins

 

$

20

 

Eastern U.S.

Eastern U.S. non-trading margins were higher primarily because a greater portion of PPL Energy Supply's supply came from its own generation, instead of purchased power. This was due to the timing of plant outages as well as the operation of the Lower Mt. Bethel plant, which began commercial operation in May 2004. The increase was achieved despite higher supply costs, which were driven by increased fossil fuel and power purchase prices. Power purchase prices increased by 4% primarily due to higher market prices for fossil fuel; however, this increase was more than offset by a 10% increase in the average sales price for wholesale transactions. Fuel costs increased 23% due to a 6% increase in generation across a diverse mix of low-cost coal-fired, nuclear and hydroelectric plants and a 17% increase in the average consumed cost of fossil fuels. In addition, PPL Energy Supply also benefited from favorable transmission congestion positions, and gains on sales of emission allowances.

Northwestern U.S.

Northwestern U.S. non-trading margins were lower primarily due to an 8% reduction in coal and hydroelectric generation output. Generation was adversely affected by outages and reduced river flows. Additionally, the average consumed cost of coal increased by 10% primarily due to an unfavorable arbitration ruling effective April 2004.

Net Energy Trading

PPL Energy Supply enters into certain energy contracts that meet the criteria of trading derivatives as defined by EITF Issue 02-3, "Issues Involved in Accounting for Derivative Contracts Held for Trading Purposes and Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities." These physical and financial contracts cover trading activity associated with electricity, gas and oil. The $10 million increase was primarily due to an increase in realized gains on electricity positions as well as an increase in wholesale physical gas trading. The physical volumes associated with energy trading for the three months ended March 31, 2005, were 1,066 GWh and 4.5 Bcf, compared with 994 GWh and 2.4 Bcf for the three months ended March 31, 2004.

Utility Revenues

The increase in utility revenues was attributable to the following:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

International:

         

Retail electric delivery (PPL Global)

         
 

Chile

 

$

7

   
 

U.K.

   

4

   
 

El Salvador

   

3

   

   

$

14

   

 

The increase in utility revenues was primarily due to:

  • higher revenues in Chile, primarily due to a 7.3% increase in sales volumes, primarily attributable to regulated customers;
  • higher WPD revenues, primarily due to the change in foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by a reduction in certain charges which had been a pass-through to customer rates; and
  • higher revenues in El Salvador, due to a 5.3% increase in sales volumes of all customer types.

Energy Related Businesses

Energy related businesses contributed $11 million more to operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2005, compared with the same period in 2004. The increase was attributable to:

  • a $15 million pre-tax loss in 2004, related to the sale of CGE (see Note 8 to the Financial Statements); and
  • a $2 million increase from mechanical contracting and engineering subsidiaries due to a favorable closeout on a major project; partially offset by
  • a $6 million higher pre-tax operating loss from synfuel projects due to increased production levels which improve after-tax earnings.

Other Operation and Maintenance

The increase in other operation and maintenance expenses was due to:

 

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Increase in domestic and international pension costs

 

$

13

   

Accelerated amortization of stock-based compensation (Note 2)

   

12

   

Increase in allocation of corporate service cost (Note 10)

   

5

   

NorthWestern litigation accrual (Note 9)

   

9

   

Increase in foreign currency exchange rates

   

2

   

Gains on sales of emission allowances

   

(7

)

 

Reduction in WPD costs that are a pass-through to customer rates

   

(5

)

 

Other

   

(3

)

 

   

$

26

   

 

The $13 million increase in net pension costs was primarily attributable to a reduction in the discount rate assumptions for PPL Energy Supply's domestic pension plans at December 31, 2004, and increased amortization of prior year actuarial losses for WPD's pension plans. These events will result in PPL Energy Supply's recognition of increased net pension costs in 2005. See Note 13 to the Financial Statements for details of the costs of PPL Energy Supply's pension plans.

Depreciation

The increase in depreciation expense was due to:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Lower Mt. Bethel generation facility, which began commercial operation in May 2004

 

$

4

   

Other additions to PP&E

   

2

   

Foreign currency exchange rates

   

1

   

Extension of useful lives of certain fossil generation assets (Note 2)

   

(3

)

 

   

$

4

   

 

Other Income - net

See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for details of other income.

Interest Expense

The increase in interest expense was due to:

 

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Interest expense related to the Lower Mt. Bethel generation facility, which began commercial operation in May 2004 (a)

 

$

9

   

Increase in other long-term debt interest expense

   

5

   

Increase in interest expense with affiliate

   

4

   

Increase in short-term debt interest expense

   

2

   

Decrease in interest expense due to the repayment in June 2004 of financing related to the Sundance and University Park generation facilities(b)

   

(6

)

 

Other

   

2

   

   

$

16

   

 

(a)

 

Prior to commercial operation, interest related to the Lower Mt. Bethel financing was capitalized as part of the cost of the facility.

(b)

 

In June 2004, subsidiaries of PPL Energy Supply purchased the Sundance and University Park generation facilities from the lessor that was consolidated by PPL Energy Supply under FIN 46 (revised December 2003), "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51." In connection with the purchase, the related financing was repaid.

Income Taxes

The $26 million decrease in income taxes was primarily attributable to:

  • a $10 million tax benefit recognized in 2005 related to additional nonconventional fuel tax credits in excess of credits recognized in 2004;
  • a $7 million decrease in tax expense on foreign earnings in 2005 relative to 2004; and
  • an $8 million decrease in income tax expense due to lower pre-tax book income.

Discontinued Operations

See "Discontinued Operations" in Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information regarding the loss of $1 million recorded in the first quarter of 2004 related to PPL Global's plan of sale of its investment in a Latin American telecommunications company.

Financial Condition

Liquidity

At March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply had $494 million of cash and short-term investments and $164 million of short-term debt. At December 31, 2004, PPL Energy Supply had $408 million in cash and short-term investments and no short-term debt. The increase in PPL Energy Supply's cash and short-term investment position was primarily the net result of:

  • $299 million of cash provided by operating activities; and
  • a $165 million increase in short-term debt; offset by
  • distributions to Member of $58 million;
  • the retirement of $208 million of long-term debt; and
  • $123 million of capital expenditures.

Rating Agency Decisions

S&P, Moody's and Fitch periodically review the credit ratings on the debt and preferred securities of PPL Energy Supply and its subsidiaries. Based on their respective reviews, the rating agencies may make certain ratings revisions.

The ratings of S&P, Moody's and Fitch are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any securities of PPL Energy Supply or its subsidiaries. Such ratings may be subject to revisions or withdrawal by the agencies at any time and should be evaluated independently of each other and any other rating that may be assigned to their securities.

In January 2005, S&P revised its outlooks on the WPD companies to stable from negative. S&P attributes this positive change to financial profile improvements resulting from the final regulatory outcome published by Ofgem in November 2004. At the same time, S&P affirmed the WPD companies' long-term and short-term credit ratings.

Also in January 2005, Fitch announced that it downgraded the WPD companies' senior unsecured credit ratings by one notch as follows:

  • WPDH Limited to BBB- from BBB
  • WPD LLP to BBB from BBB+
  • WPD (South West) and WPD (South Wales) to BBB+/F2 from A-/F1

Fitch has a stable outlook on all of the WPD companies.

Fitch stated that its downgrade was prompted by the high level of pension-adjusted leverage at WPD. Fitch acknowledged that WPD's funding plan should reduce its pension deficit over time and it expects WPD to proceed with its de-leveraging program. However, Fitch indicated that it is not certain enough, due to the unpredictability in future pension valuations, that pension-adjusted leverage will support a BBB rating at WPDH Limited. Fitch indicated that WPD (South West) and WPD (South Wales) have been downgraded to maintain a two-notch differential with WPDH Limited because Fitch does not believe that WPD's financial ring-fencing is restrictive enough to support a three-notch differential.

For additional information on PPL Energy Supply's liquidity, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL Energy Supply's 2004 Form 10-K.

Risk Management - Energy Marketing & Trading and Other

Market Risk

Commodity Price Risk (Non-Trading)

PPL Energy Supply's commodity derivative contracts that qualify for hedge accounting treatment mature at various times through 2010. The following chart sets forth PPL Energy Supply's net fair value of these contracts:

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the period

 

$

(9

)

 

$

86

 

Contracts realized or otherwise settled during the period

   

(9

)

   

(24

)

Fair value of new contracts at inception

               

Other changes in fair values

   

(88

)

   

22

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

(106

)

 

$

84

 

 

The following chart segregates estimated fair values of PPL Energy Supply's commodity derivative contracts that qualify for hedge accounting treatment at March 31, 2005, based on whether the fair values are determined by quoted market prices or other more subjective means:

   

Fair Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains (Losses)

 

   

Maturity
Less Than
1 Year

   

Maturity
1-3 Years

   

Maturity
3-5 Years

   

Maturity
in Excess
of 5 Years

   

Total Fair
Value

 

Source of Fair Value

                                       

Prices actively quoted

 

$

15

   

$

15

   

$

1

           

$

31

 

Prices provided by other external sources

   

(17

)

   

(111

)

   

(9

)

           

(137

)

Prices based on models and other valuation methods

                                       

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

(2)

   

$

(96

)

 

$

(8

)

         

$

(106

)

The "Prices actively quoted" category includes the fair value of exchange-traded natural gas futures contracts quoted on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX). The NYMEX has currently quoted prices through 2010.

The "Prices provided by other external sources" category includes PPL Energy Supply's forward positions and options in natural gas and power and natural gas basis swaps at points for which over-the-counter (OTC) broker quotes are available. The fair value of electricity positions recorded above use the midpoint of the bid/ask spreads obtained through OTC brokers. On average, OTC quotes for forwards and swaps of natural gas and power extend one and two years into the future.

The "Prices based on models and other valuation methods" category includes the value of transactions for which a price curve was developed by PPL Energy Supply due to the long-dated nature of the transaction or the illiquidity of the market point, or the value of options not quoted by an exchange or OTC broker. Additionally, this category includes "strip" transactions whose prices are obtained from external sources and then modeled to monthly prices as appropriate.

As of March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply estimated that a 10% adverse movement in market prices of both electricity and fuel across all geographic areas and time periods would have decreased the value of the commodity contracts in its non-trading portfolio by approximately $202 million. For purposes of this calculation, an increase in the market price for electricity is considered an adverse movement because PPL Energy Supply's electricity portfolio is generally in a net sales position, and a decrease in the market price for fuel is considered an adverse movement because PPL Energy Supply's commodity fuels portfolio is generally in a net purchase position. PPL Energy Supply enters into these commodity contracts to reduce the market risk inherent in the generation of electricity.

In accordance with its marketing strategy, PPL Energy Supply does not completely hedge its generation output or fuel requirements. PPL Energy Supply estimates that for its entire portfolio, including all generation and physical and financial energy positions, a 10% adverse change in power prices across all geographic zones and time periods would not have a material impact on expected 2005 gross margins. Similarly, a 10% adverse movement in all fossil fuel prices would decrease 2005 gross margins by $14 million.

PPL Energy Supply also executes energy contracts to take advantage of market opportunities. As a result, PPL Energy Supply may at times create a net open position in its portfolio that could result in significant losses if prices do not move in the manner or direction anticipated. The margins from these trading activities are shown in the Statement of Income as "Net energy trading margins."

Commodity Price Risk (Trading)

PPL Energy Supply's trading contracts mature at various times through 2008. The following chart sets forth PPL Energy Supply's net fair value of trading contracts:

 

   

Three Months Ended
March 31,

 

   

2005

   

2004

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the period

 

$

9

   

$

3

 

Contracts realized or otherwise settled during the period

   

(3

)

   

(3

)

Fair value of new contracts at inception

   

3

     

4

 

Other changes in fair values

   

7

     

7

 

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

16

   

$

11

 

 

PPL Energy Supply will reverse approximately $1 million of the $16 million unrealized trading gains over the next three months of 2005 as the transactions are realized.

The following chart segregates estimated fair values of PPL Energy Supply's trading portfolio at March 31, 2005, based on whether the fair values are determined by quoted market prices or other more subjective means:

   

Fair Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains (Losses)

 

   

Maturity
Less Than
1 year

   

Maturity
1-3 years

   

Maturity
3-5 years

   

Maturity
in Excess
of 5 Years

   

Total Fair
Value

 

Source of Fair Value

                                       

Prices actively quoted

 

$

3

   

$

1

                   

$

4

 

Prices provided by other external sources

   

9

     

4

                     

13

 

Prices based on models and other valuation methods

   

(1

)

                           

(1

)

Fair value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period

 

$

11

   

$

5

                   

$

16

 

See "Commodity Price Risk (Non-trading)" for information on the various sources of fair value.

As of March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply estimated that a 10% adverse movement in market prices across all geographic areas and time periods would have decreased the value of the commodity contracts in its trading portfolio by $10 million.

Interest Rate Risk

PPL Energy Supply and its subsidiaries have issued debt to finance their operations. PPL manages interest rate risk for PPL Energy Supply by using various financial derivative products to adjust the mix of fixed and floating interest rates in its debt portfolio, adjust the duration of its debt portfolio and lock in U.S. Treasury rates (and interest rate spreads over treasuries) in anticipation of future financing, when appropriate. Risk limits under the risk management program are designed to balance risk exposure to volatility in interest expense and changes in the fair value of PPL Energy Supply's debt portfolio due to changes in the absolute level of interest rates.

At March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply's potential annual exposure to increased interest expense, based on a 10% increase in interest rates, was estimated at $1 million.

PPL Energy Supply is also exposed to changes in the fair value of its domestic and international debt portfolios. At March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply estimated that its potential exposure to a change in the fair value of its debt portfolio, through a 10% adverse movement in interest rates, was approximately $157 million.

PPL utilizes various risk management instruments to reduce its exposure to the expected future cash flow variability of its debt instruments. These risks include exposure to adverse interest rate movements for outstanding variable rate debt and for future anticipated financing. While PPL is exposed to changes in the fair value of these instruments, any changes in the fair value of these instruments are recorded into equity and then reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the item being hedged affects earnings. At March 31, 2005, the market value of these instruments, representing the amount PPL would pay upon their termination, was approximately $1 million. At March 31, 2005, PPL estimated that its potential exposure to a change in the fair value of these instruments, through a 10% adverse movement in the hedged exposure, was insignificant.

PPL and PPL Energy Supply also utilize various risk management instruments to adjust the mix of fixed and floating interest rates in PPL Energy Supply's debt portfolio. While PPL Energy Supply is exposed to changes in the fair value of these instruments, any change in market value is recorded with an equal and offsetting change in the value of the debt being hedged. At March 31, 2005, PPL Energy Supply estimated that its potential exposure to a change in the fair value of these instruments, through a 10% adverse movement in interest rates, was approximately $1 million.

Foreign Currency Risk

PPL Energy Supply is exposed to foreign currency risk, primarily through investments in affiliates in Latin America and Europe. In addition, PPL Energy Supply may make purchases of equipment in currencies other than U.S. dollars.

PPL has adopted a foreign currency risk management program designed to hedge certain foreign currency exposures, including firm commitments, recognized assets or liabilities and net investments. In addition, PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into financial instruments to protect against foreign currency translation risk.

To protect expected income denominated in British pounds sterling, PPL entered into average rate options for £32 million. At March 31, 2005, the market value of these positions, representing the amount PPL would receive upon their termination, was approximately $1 million.

To protect expected income in Chilean pesos, PPL Energy Supply entered into average rate options for 4 billion Chilean pesos. At March 31, 2005, the market value of these positions, representing the amount PPL would receive upon their termination, was insignificant.

PPL executed net forward sale transactions for £10 million to hedge a portion of its net investment in WPDH Limited. The estimated value of these agreements as of March 31, 2005, was $1 million, being the amount PPL would pay to terminate the transactions.

WPDH Limited held a net position in cross-currency swaps totaling $1.1 billion to hedge the interest payments and value of its U.S. dollar-denominated bonds. The estimated value of this position at March 31, 2005, being the amount PPL and PPL Energy Supply would pay to terminate it, including accrued interest, was $255 million.

On the Statement of Income, gains and losses associated with hedges of interest payments denominated in foreign currencies are reflected in "Interest Expense." Gains and losses associated with the purchase of equipment are reflected in "Depreciation." Gains and losses associated with net investment hedges remain in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Balance Sheet until the investment is disposed.

Nuclear Decommissioning Fund - Securities Price Risk

In connection with certain NRC requirements, PPL Susquehanna maintains trust funds to fund certain costs of decommissioning the Susquehanna station. As of March 31, 2005, these funds were invested primarily in domestic equity securities and fixed-rate, fixed-income securities and are reflected at fair value on PPL Energy Supply's Balance Sheet. The mix of securities is designed to provide returns to be used to fund Susquehanna's decommissioning and to compensate for inflationary increases in decommissioning costs. However, the equity securities included in the trusts are exposed to price fluctuation in equity markets, and the values of fixed-rate, fixed-income securities in the trusts are exposed to changes in interest rates. PPL Susquehanna actively monitors the investment performance and periodically reviews asset allocation in accordance with its nuclear decommissioning trust policy statement. At March 31, 2005, a hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates and a 10% decrease in equity prices would have resulted in an estimated $30 million reduction in the fair value of the trust assets. See the "Nuclear Decommissioning" Note in the 2004 Form 10-K for more information regarding the nuclear decommissioning trust funds.

Related Party Transactions

PPL Energy Supply is not aware of any material ownership interests or operating responsibility by senior management of PPL Energy Supply in outside partnerships, including leasing transactions with variable interest entities, or other entities doing business with PPL Energy Supply.

For additional information on related party transactions, see Note 10 to the Financial Statements.

Acquisitions, Development and Divestitures

From time to time, PPL Energy Supply and its subsidiaries are involved in negotiations with third parties regarding acquisitions, joint ventures and other arrangements which may or may not result in definitive agreements. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information regarding recent development and divestiture activities.

PPL Energy Supply is currently planning incremental capacity increases of 255 MW at several existing domestic generating facilities.

PPL Energy Supply is continuously reexamining development projects based on market conditions and other factors to determine whether to proceed with these projects, sell them, cancel them, expand them, execute tolling agreements or pursue other opportunities.

Environmental Matters

See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of environmental matters.

New Accounting Standards

See Note 16 to the Financial Statements for information on new accounting standards pending adoption.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

PPL Energy Supply's financial condition and results of operations are impacted by the methods, assumptions and estimates used in the application of critical accounting policies. The following accounting policies are particularly important to the financial condition or results of operations of PPL Energy Supply, and require estimates or other judgments of matters inherently uncertain: price risk management, pension and other postretirement benefits, asset impairment, leasing, loss contingencies and asset retirement obligations.

See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL Energy Supply's 2004 Form 10-K for a discussion of each critical accounting policy. PPL's senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies, and the estimates and assumptions regarding them, with its Audit Committee. In addition, PPL's senior management reviewed the Form 10-K disclosures regarding the application of these critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee.




PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

PPL Electric provides electricity delivery service in eastern and central Pennsylvania. Its headquarters are in Allentown, PA. In PPL Electric's 2004 Form 10-K, a description of its business is found in "Item 1. Business - Background" and an overview of its strategy and the risks and the challenges that it faces in its business are discussed in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

The following information should be read in conjunction with PPL Electric's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes.

Terms and abbreviations are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions unless otherwise noted.

Results of Operations

The following discussion, which explains significant changes in principal items on the Statement of Income, compares the three months ended March 31, 2005, with the comparable period in 2004.

The Statement of Income reflects the results of past operations and is not intended as any indication of future operating results. Future operating results will necessarily be affected by various and diverse factors and developments. Furthermore, because results for interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various factors and developments and by seasonal variations, the results of operations for interim periods do not necessarily indicate results or trends for the year.

Earnings

Income available to PPL was $15 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and $33 million for the same period in 2004. The after-tax change in income available to PPL was due to:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Delivery revenues (net of CTC/ITC amortization, interest expense on transition bonds and ancillary charges)

 

$

28

 

Operation and maintenance expenses

   

(13

)

Taxes, other than income (excluding gross receipts tax)

   

(8

)

Other

   

2

 

    Total

   

9

 

Unusual item - PJM billing dispute
(Note 9)

   

(27

)

   

$

(18

)

 

The period-to-period changes in earnings components are discussed following the future earnings factors.

PPL Electric's future earnings could be, or will be, impacted by a number of factors, including the following:

  • In December 2004, the PUC approved an increase in PPL Electric's distribution rates of approximately $137 million (based on a return on equity of 10.7%), and approved PPL Electric's proposed mechanism for collecting an additional $57 million in transmission-related charges, for a total increase of approximately $194 million, effective January 1, 2005.
  • PPL Electric has agreed to provide electricity supply to its PLR customers at predetermined rates through 2009 and has entered into PUC-approved, full requirements energy supply agreements with PPL EnergyPlus to fulfill its PLR obligation. The predetermined charges for generation supply which PPL Electric collects from its PLR customers and pays to PPL EnergyPlus under the energy supply agreements provide for annual increases in each year commencing in 2006 and continuing through 2009. PPL Electric's PLR obligation after 2009 will be determined by the PUC pursuant to rules that have not yet been promulgated. See Note 10 to the Financial Statements for more information regarding the PLR contracts.
  • In January 2005, severe ice storms hit PPL Electric's service territory. PPL Electric had to restore service to about 238,000 customers. Although the actual cost of these storms and the specific allocation of such cost between operation and maintenance expense and capital costs is not yet finalized, PPL Electric currently estimates a total cost of $22 million, with approximately $19 million being recorded as an expense on PPL Electric's income statement for the first quarter of 2005.

    On February 11, 2005, PPL Electric filed a petition with the PUC for authority to defer and amortize for regulatory accounting and reporting purposes its actual cost of these storms, excluding capitalized costs of approximately $3 million and regular payroll expenses of approximately $2 million (pursuant to PUC precedent on this issue). If the PUC grants this petition, PPL Electric's management will assess the recoverability of these costs in PPL Electric's next general rate increase proceeding, in accordance with SFAS 71, "Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation." Depending on the likelihood of such recovery based on this assessment, most of the first quarter expense could be reversed in that future period. At this time, PPL Electric cannot predict the outcome of its deferral petition or the likelihood of recovery of these storm costs.

  • See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for potential commitments and contingent liabilities that may impact future earnings.
  • See Note 16 to the Financial Statements for new accounting standards that have been issued but not yet adopted by PPL Electric that may impact future earnings.

Operating Revenues

The increase in revenues from retail electric operations was attributable to the following:

 

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2005 vs. March 31, 2004

Electric delivery

 

$

32

 

PLR electric generation supply

   

16

 

   

$

48

 

 

The increase in delivery revenues resulted from higher transmission and distribution customer rates effective January 1, 2005, and a 3.7% increase in sales volumes. Higher PLR revenues were due to higher energy and capacity rates, and a 5.6% increase in volumes, in part due to the return of customers previously served by alternate suppliers.

Energy Purchases

Energy purchases increased by $36 million due to a $39 million pre-tax accrual for the PJM billing dispute, offset slightly by lower ancillary service costs in connection with the power supply contracts with PPL EnergyPlus. See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for additional information regarding the loss accrual recorded for the PJM billing dispute.

Energy Purchases from Affiliate

The increase in energy purchases from affiliate of $5 million reflects an increase in PLR load, as well as higher prices for energy purchased under the power supply contracts with PPL EnergyPlus needed to support PLR load.

Other Operation and Maintenance

Other operation and maintenance expense increased by $23 million, primarily due to $19 million of costs associated with severe ice storms that hit PPL Electric's service territory in January 2005 and a $5 million charge for accelerated amortization of stock-based compensation for retirement-eligible employees, which resulted from additional accounting guidance. See Note 2 to the Financial Statements for additional information on stock-based compensation.

Taxes, Other Than Income

In the first quarter of 2004, PPL Electric reversed a $14 million accrued liability for 1998 and 1999 PURTA taxes that had been accrued based on potential exposure in the proceedings regarding the Susquehanna nuclear station tax assessment. The rights of third-party intervenors to further appeal expired in 2004. The reversal is the primary reason for the $16 million increase in taxes, other than income.

Other Income - net

See Note 11 to the Financial Statements for details of other income.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased by $4 million, primarily due to $8 million of interest accrued for the PJM billing dispute and additional interest paid on collateral held by PPL Electric relating to the PLR contract. This increase was partially offset by the net impact of long-term debt retirements. Over the last 12 months, $480 million of long-term debt retirements have occurred, while new issuances over the same period totaled $116 million. See Note 10 to the Financial Statements for further discussion of collateral held under the PLR contract.

Income Taxes

Income taxes decreased by $17 million, primarily as a result of lower pre-tax book income.

Financial Condition

Liquidity

At March 31, 2005, PPL Electric had $133 million of cash and short-term investments and $142 million of short-term debt. At December 31, 2004, PPL Electric had $161 million in cash and short-term investments and $42 million of short-term debt. The decrease in PPL Electric's cash and short-term investment position was primarily the net result of:

  • the retirement of $188 million of long-term debt;
  • the payment of $17 million of common and preferred dividends; and
  • $40 million of capital expenditures; partially offset by
  • $4 million of cash provided by operating activities;
  • the issuance of $116 million of tax-exempt long-term debt; and
  • an increase of $100 million in short-term debt.

Rating Agency Decisions

S&P, Moody's and Fitch periodically review the credit ratings on the debt and preferred securities of PPL Electric. Based on their respective reviews, the rating agencies may make certain ratings revisions.

The ratings of S&P, Moody's and Fitch are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any securities of PPL Electric. Such ratings may be subject to revisions or withdrawal by the agencies at any time and should be evaluated independently of each other and any other rating that may be assigned to their securities.

In January 2005, S&P affirmed PPL Electric's A-/A-2 corporate credit ratings and favorably revised its outlook on the company to stable from negative following the authorization of a $194 million rate increase by the PUC. S&P indicated that the outlook revision reflects its expectations that the rate increase, effective January 1, 2005, will allow for material improvement in PPL Electric's financial profile, which had lagged S&P's expectations in recent years. S&P indicated that the stable outlook reflects its expectations that PPL Electric "will rapidly improve and then maintain financial metrics more consistent with its ratings." S&P indicated that it expects PPL Electric's operations to remain stable through the expiration of the PLR agreement.

For additional information on PPL Electric's liquidity, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL Electric's 2004 Form 10-K.

Risk Management

Market Risk

Commodity Price Risk - PLR Contracts

PPL Electric and PPL EnergyPlus have power supply agreements under which PPL EnergyPlus sells to PPL Electric (under a predetermined pricing arrangement) energy and capacity to fulfill PPL Electric's PLR obligation through 2009. As a result, PPL Electric has shifted any electric price risk relating to its PLR obligation to PPL EnergyPlus through 2009. See Note 10 to the Financial Statements for information on the PLR contracts.

Interest Rate Risk

PPL Electric has issued debt to finance its operations, which increases its interest rate risk. At March 31, 2005, PPL Electric's potential annual exposure to increased interest expense, based on a 10% increase in interest rates, was insignificant.

PPL Electric is also exposed to changes in the fair value of its debt portfolio. At March 31, 2005, PPL Electric estimated that its potential exposure to a change in the fair value of its debt portfolio, through a 10% adverse movement in interest rates, was approximately $45 million.

Related Party Transactions

PPL Electric is not aware of any material ownership interests or operating responsibility by senior management of PPL Electric in outside partnerships, including leasing transactions with variable interest entities, or other entities doing business with PPL Electric.

For additional information on related party transactions, see Note 10 to the Financial Statements.

Environmental Matters

See Note 9 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of environmental matters.

New Accounting Standards

See Note 16 to the Financial Statements for information on new accounting standards pending adoption.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

PPL Electric's financial condition and results of operations are impacted by the methods, assumptions and estimates used in the application of critical accounting policies. The following accounting policies are particularly important to the financial condition or results of operations of PPL Electric, and require estimates or other judgments of matters inherently uncertain: pension and other postretirement benefits and loss contingencies.

See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in PPL Electric's 2004 Form 10-K for a discussion of each critical accounting policy. PPL's senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies, and the estimates and assumptions regarding them, with its Audit Committee. In addition, PPL's senior management reviewed the Form 10-K disclosures regarding the application of these critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee.



PPL CORPORATION
PPL ENERGY SUPPLY, LLC
PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES CORPORATION

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Reference is made to "Risk Management - Energy Marketing & Trading and Other" for PPL and PPL Energy Supply and "Risk Management" for PPL Electric in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a)

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.

The registrants' principal executive officers and principal financial officers, based on their evaluation of the registrants' disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) have concluded that, as of March 31, 2005, the registrants' disclosure controls and procedures are adequate and effective to ensure that material information relating to the registrants and their consolidated subsidiaries is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC's rules and forms, particularly during the period for which this quarterly report has been prepared.

(b)

Change in internal controls over financial reporting.

The registrants' principal executive officers and principal financial officers have concluded that there were no changes in the registrants' internal controls over financial reporting during the registrants' first fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants' internal control over financial reporting.

 

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For additional information regarding various pending administrative and judicial proceedings involving regulatory, environmental and other matters, which information is incorporated by reference into this Part II, see:

 

"Item 3. Legal Proceedings" in PPL's, PPL Energy Supply's and PPL Electric's 2004 Form 10-K; and

Note 9 of the registrants' "Combined Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" in Part I of this report.



Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities:

 

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Period

Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased (1)

Average Price Paid
per Share
(or Unit)

Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs (2)

Maximum Number (or
Approximate Dollar Value) of
Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Plans
or Programs (2)

January 1 to January 31, 2005

       

February 1 to February 28, 2005

9,050          

$52.75

   

March 1 to March 31, 2005

1,618          

$54.69

   

Total

10,668          

     

(1)

 

Represents shares of common stock withheld by PPL at the request of its executive officers to pay taxes upon the vesting of the officers' restricted stock awards, as permitted under the terms of PPL's Incentive Compensation Plan and Incentive Compensation Plan for Key Employees.

     

(2)

 

Not applicable. PPL does not currently have in place any publicly announced plans or programs to purchase equity securities.


Item 6. Exhibits

     
     

10(a) -

Reimbursement Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2005, among PPL Energy Supply, LLC, The Bank of Nova Scotia, as Issuer and Administrative Agent, and the Lenders party thereto from time to time

12(a) -

PPL Corporation and Subsidiaries Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends

12(b) -

PPL Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

12(c) -

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

     

Certifications pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 2005, filed by the following officers for the following companies:

31(a) -

William F. Hecht for PPL Corporation

31(b) -

John R. Biggar for PPL Corporation

31(c) -

William F. Hecht for PPL Energy Supply, LLC

31(d) -

James E. Abel for PPL Energy Supply, LLC

31(e) -

John F. Sipics for PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

31(f) -

James E. Abel for PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

     

Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 2005, furnished by the following officers for the following companies:

32(a) -

William F. Hecht for PPL Corporation

32(b) -

John R. Biggar for PPL Corporation

32(c) -

William F. Hecht for PPL Energy Supply, LLC

32(d) -

James E. Abel for PPL Energy Supply, LLC

32(e) -

John F. Sipics for PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

32(f) -

James E. Abel for PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

     

 




SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature for each undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company or its subsidiaries.

 

PPL Corporation

 

(Registrant)

 
     
 

PPL Energy Supply, LLC

 

(Registrant)

 
     
 

PPL Electric Utilities Corporation

 

(Registrant)

 
     
     
     
     

Date:  May 4, 2005

/s/  John R. Biggar                                           

 

John R. Biggar

 
 

Executive Vice President and

 
 

Chief Financial Officer

 
 

(PPL Corporation)

 
 

(principal financial officer)

 
     
     
     
     
 

/s/  James E. Abel                                            

 

James E. Abel

 
 

Vice President and Treasurer

 
 

(PPL Energy Supply, LLC)

 
 

(principal financial officer)

 
     
     
     
     
 

/s/  Paul A. Farr                                              

 

Paul A. Farr

 
 

Vice President and Controller

 
 

(PPL Electric Utilities Corporation)

 
 

(principal accounting officer)