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Long-Term Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]  
Long-Term Compensation Long-Term Compensation
Equity Based Compensation
The Company maintains a stock incentive plan which is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors for which officers, certain employees and the Company's independent directors are eligible to participate in (the "Stock Incentive Plan"). Among other forms of allowed awards, awards made under the Stock Incentive Plan during the three years ended December 31, 2020 have been in the form of restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance share awards and RLP Units (as defined in Note 6). Special provisions apply to awards granted under the Stock Incentive Plan in the event of a change in control in the Company. As of December 31, 2020, awards covering 3.3 million shares of common stock were available to be granted under the Stock Incentive Plan. Under the Stock Incentive Plan, each RLP Unit counts as one share of common stock for purposes of calculating the limit on shares that may be issued.
Awards with Performance Measures
During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company granted 59,263, 36,064, and 179,288 performance units ("Performance Units"), respectively to certain employees. In addition, the Company granted 322,477 and 166,942 RLP Units, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, with the same performance-based criteria as the Performance Units ("Performance RLP Units" and, together with the Performance Units, collectively the "Performance Awards") to certain employees. A portion of the Performance Awards issued in 2020 vest based upon the total shareholder return ("TSR") of the Company's common stock compared to the TSRs of the FTSE Nareit All Equity Index and the remainder vests based upon the TSR of the Company’s common stock compared to nine other peer industrial real estate companies. A portion of the Performance Awards issued in 2019 and 2018 vest based upon the total shareholder return ("TSR") of the Company's common stock compared to the TSRs of the FTSE Nareit All Equity Index and the remainder vests based upon the TSR of the Company’s common stock compared to the MSCI US REIT Index. The performance periods for such awards are one year, two years and three years. Compensation expense is charged to earnings over the applicable vesting period for the Performance Awards. At the end of the measuring period, vested Performance Units convert into shares of common stock. The participant is also entitled to dividend equivalents for shares and RLP units issued pursuant to vested Performance Awards. The Operating Partnership issues General Partner Units to the Company in the same amounts for vested Performance Units.
The Performance Awards issued for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, had fair value of $7,883, $2,527, and $2,381, respectively. The fair values were determined by a lattice-binomial option-pricing model based on Monte Carlo simulations using the following assumptions:
Year Ended December 31, 2020Year Ended December 31, 2019Year Ended December 31, 2018
Expected dividend yield2.22 %3.02 %2.67 %
Expected volatility - range used16.25% - 17.56%18.53% - 19.72%15.83% - 17.87%
Expected volatility - weighted average16.97 %19.10 %17.02 %
Risk-free interest rate1.63% - 1.68%2.45% - 2.57%1.57% - 2.04%

Performance Award transactions for the year ended December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows:
Performance UnitsWeighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Performance RLP UnitsWeighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2019380,722 $12.89 156,702 $12.45 
Issued59,263 $20.65 322,477 $20.65 
Forfeited(5,681)$13.67 — $— 
Vested(178,211)$12.62 — $— 
Outstanding at December 31, 2020256,093 $14.86 479,179 $17.97 
Service Based Awards
During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company awarded 80,387, 109,353, and 227,059 of restricted stock units or and restricted stock shares ("Service Units"), respectively, to certain employees and outside directors. In addition, for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company awarded 119,596 and 112,428 RLP Units, respectively, ("Service RLP Units" and, together with the Service Units, collectively the "Service Awards") to certain employees and outside directors. The fair value is based on the Company's stock price on the date such awards were approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The Service Awards granted to employees were based upon the prior achievement of certain corporate performance goals and generally vest ratably over a period of three years based on continued employment. Service Awards granted to outside directors vest after one year. The Operating Partnership issued restricted Unit awards to the Company in the same amount for the restricted stock units. Compensation expense is charged to earnings over the vesting periods for the Service Awards.
The Service Awards issued for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 had fair value of $8,641, $7,627 and $6,558, respectively. Service Award transactions for the year ended December 31, 2020 are summarized as follows:
Service UnitsWeighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Service RLP UnitsWeighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2019296,371 $30.56 110,640 $33.64 
Issued80,387 $43.61 119,596 $42.94 
Forfeited(4,009)$33.86 (1,967)$35.58 
Vested(160,829)$29.37 (43,700)$33.73 
Outstanding at December 31, 2020211,920 $36.35 184,569 $39.62 
Compensation Expense Related to Long-Term Compensation
For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized $12,931, $8,376 and $7,586, respectively, in compensation expense related to Performance Awards and Service Awards. Performance Award and Service Award compensation expense capitalized in connection with development activities was $2,030, $870 and $472 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. At December 31, 2020, we had $12,741 in unrecognized compensation related to unvested Performance Awards and Service Awards. The weighted average period that the unrecognized compensation is expected to be recognized is 0.85 years.
Retirement Eligibility
Commencing January 1, 2020, all award agreements issued underlying Performance Awards and Service Awards contain a retirement benefit for employees with at least 10 years of continuous service and that are at least 60 years old. For employees that meet the age and service eligibility requirements, their awards are non-forfeitable. As such, during the year ended December 31, 2020, we expensed 100% of the awards granted to retirement-eligible employees at the grant date as if fully vested. For employees who will meet the age and service eligibility requirements during the normal vesting periods, the grants are amortized over the shorter service period.
401(k) Plan
Under the Company's 401(k) Plan, all eligible employees may participate by making voluntary contributions, and we may make, but are not required to make, matching contributions. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, total expense related to matching contributions was $977, $926 and $688, respectively.