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Stockholders’ Equity and Stock-Based Compensation
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stockholders’ Equity and Stock-Based Compensation Stockholders’ Equity and Stock-Based Compensation
Common Stock
On May 14, 2020, the Company completed a public offering of 16,666,667 shares of Penn Common Stock and on May 19, 2020, the underwriters exercised their right to purchase an additional 2,500,000 shares of Penn Common Stock, resulting in an aggregate public offering of 19,166,667 shares of Penn Common Stock. All of the shares were issued at a public offering price of $18.00 per share, resulting in gross proceeds of $345.0 million, and net proceeds of $331.2 million after underwriter fees and discounts of $13.8 million.

On May 11, 2021, as part of the acquisition of Hitpoint, the Company issued 43,684 shares for a total of $3.5 million. See Note 6, "Acquisitions and Dispositions."

On June 17, 2021, the Company filed its Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation with the Department of State of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. These Articles of Incorporation, as amended and restated and approved by the Company’s shareholders at the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, increase the number of authorized shares of common stock from 200,000,000 to 400,000,000.
Preferred Stock

On February 20, 2020, the Company issued 883 shares of Series D Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, to certain individual stockholders affiliated with Barstool Sports as discussed in Note 10, "Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates."

During the quarter ended March 31, 2021, 151.2 shares of Series D Preferred Stock were converted to Penn Common Stock. As a result of the conversion, the Company issued 151,200 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2021, the Company issued 43 shares of Series D Preferred Stock in conjunction with acquiring 0.3% of Barstool Sports common stock. The acquisition of the incremental Barstool Sports common stock represents a partial settlement of the 1% purchase on a delayed basis as described in Note 10, "Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates."
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were 5,000 shares authorized of Series D Preferred Stock of which 775 shares and 883 shares were outstanding, respectively.

2018 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan

The Company’s 2018 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (the “2018 Plan”) permits it to issue stock options (incentive and/or non-qualified), stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), RSAs, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), cash-settled phantom stock units (“CPSUs”) and other equity and cash awards to employees. Non-employee directors and the chairman emeritus are eligible to receive all such awards, other than incentive stock options. Pursuant to the 2018 Plan, 12,700,000 shares of the Company’s common stock are reserved for issuance. For purposes of determining the number of shares available for issuance under the 2018 Plan, stock options and SARs (except cash-settled SARs) count against the 12,700,000 limit as one share of common stock for each share granted and restricted stock or any other full value stock award count as issuing 2.30 shares of common stock for each share granted. Any awards that are not settled in shares of common stock are not counted against the share limit. As of June 30, 2021, there were 5,011,193 shares available for future grants under the 2018 Plan.

On April 12, 2021, the Board of Directors granted 600,000 RSUs and 300,000 RSAs with market-based and service-based vesting conditions (collectively the “Stock Awards”), solely to the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. The Stock Awards are classified as equity with separate tranches and requisite service periods identified for each separately achievable component. The fair value of the Stock Awards was $48.7 million and was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value of the RSAs was estimated at $19.4 million and segregated into 15 tranches with expense recognition periods ranging from 2.2 to 6.0 years. The fair value of the RSUs was estimated at $29.3 million and segregated into 4 tranches with expense recognition periods ranging from 6.7 to 8.7 years. We recognized $1.9 million of stock compensation expense for the Stock Awards during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021.

Performance Share Program
In February 2019, the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors adopted a performance share program (the “Performance Share Program II”) pursuant to the 2018 Plan. An aggregate of 107,297 RSAs with performance-based vesting conditions, at target, was granted in February 2020 under the Performance Share Program II, with the grant having a three-year award period consisting of three one-year performance periods and a three-year service period. The performance threshold for vesting of these awards is 50% of target and, based on the level of achievement, up to 150% of target.
An aggregate of 95,276 RSAs and RSUs with performance-based vesting conditions, at target, was granted in April 2021 under the Performance Share Program II, with the grant having a three-year award period consisting of three one-year performance periods and a three-year service period. The performance threshold for vesting of these awards is 50% of target and, based on the level of achievement, up to 150% of target.
Stock-based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense, which pertains principally to our stock options, RSAs and RSUs, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 was $9.2 million and $13.4 million, respectively, as compared to $2.9 million and $8.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, and is included within the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) under “General and administrative.”
Stock Options
The Company granted 0.0 million and 0.2 million stock options during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, as compared to 0.0 million and 0.6 million stock options during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.
Cash-settled Phantom Stock Units
Our outstanding CPSUs entitle employees, non-employee directors, and the chairman emeritus to receive cash based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the vesting date. Our CPSUs vest over a period of three or four years. The cash-settled CPSUs are accounted for as liability awards and are re-measured at fair value each reporting period until they become vested with compensation expense being recognized over the requisite service period. The Company has a liability, which is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” within the unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, associated with its cash-settled CPSUs of $9.8 million and $10.1 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
For CPSUs held by employees, non-employee directors, and the chairman emeritus of the Company, there was $12.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost as of June 30, 2021 that will be recognized over the awards remaining weighted-average vesting period of 1.9 years. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized $1.0 million and $5.7 million of compensation expense associated with these awards, respectively, as compared to $1.9 million and $2.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. Compensation expense associated with our CPSUs is recorded in “General and administrative” within the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). We paid $6.0 million and $2.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, pertaining to cash-settled CPSUs.
Stock Appreciation Rights
Our outstanding SARs are accounted for as liability awards since they will be settled in cash and vest over a period of four years. The fair value of cash-settled SARs is calculated each reporting period and estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company has a liability, which is included in “Accrued expenses and other current liabilities” within the unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets, associated with its cash-settled SARs of $27.7 million and $54.6 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
For SARs held by employees of the Company, there was $50.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost as of June 30, 2021 that will be recognized over the awards remaining weighted-average vesting period of 2.3 years. The Company recognized a reduction to compensation expense of $9.9 million and a charge to compensation expense of $10.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, as compared to a charge of $17.7 million and $12.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. Compensation expense associated with our SARs is recorded in “General and administrative” within the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). We paid $38.0 million and $10.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to cash-settled SARs.
Other
In the second quarter of 2021, the Company entered into two promissory notes with shareholders for a total of $9.0 million. The promissory notes are unsecured and bear interest of 2.25%. The receivable is recorded as a reduction of equity within our unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets and is presented within our unaudited Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity within the “other" caption.