10-Q 1 v201726_10q.htm Unassociated Document


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2010.

or

¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _______ to _______.

Commission File Number:  000-25020

HERITAGE OAKS BANCORP
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

California
 
77-0388249
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

545 12th Street,
 
Paso Robles, California
93446
(Address of principal offices)
(Zip Code)

(805) 369-5200
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve (12) months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

YES x     NO ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

YES ¨     NO ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or smaller reporting company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one.)

Large accelerated filer ¨     Accelerated filer ¨     Non-accelerated filer ¨    Smaller reporting company x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

YES ¨      NO x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:  As of November 9, 2010 there were 25,082,344 shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock.
 


 

 

Part I.  Financial Information

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

The financial statements and the notes thereto begin on next page.
 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 2 -

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp
and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets

         
(audited)
 
   
September 30,
   
December 31,
 
(dollars in thousands except per share data)
 
2010
   
2009
 
             
Assets
           
Cash and due from banks
  $ 16,681     $ 19,342  
Interest bearing due from banks
    34,936       17,046  
Federal funds sold
    5,500       4,350  
   Total cash and cash equivalents
    57,117       40,738  
                 
Interest bearing deposits with other banks
    119       119  
Securities available for sale
    202,218       121,180  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
    5,395       5,828  
Loans held for sale
    12,374       9,487  
Loans, net of deferred fees of $1,605 and $1,825 and allowance for
               
loan loss of $21,571 and $14,372 at September 30, 2010 and
               
December 31, 2009, respectively.
    650,706       712,482  
Property, premises and equipment, net
    6,216       6,779  
Deferred tax assets
    11,420       10,553  
Bank owned life insurance
    12,937       12,549  
Goodwill
    11,049       11,049  
Core deposit intangible
    2,256       2,642  
Other real estate owned
    9,031       946  
Other assets
    9,708       10,825  
                 
Total assets
  $ 990,546     $ 945,177  
                 
Liabilities
               
Deposits
               
Demand, non-interest bearing
  $ 176,419     $ 174,635  
Savings, NOW, and money market deposits
    384,080       365,602  
Time deposits of $100 or more
    118,443       117,420  
Time deposits under $100
    116,682       117,808  
Total deposits
    795,624       775,465  
                 
Short term FHLB borrowing
    55,000       65,000  
Junior subordinated debentures
    8,248       13,403  
Other liabilities
    9,124       7,558  
                 
Total liabilities
    867,996       861,426  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
    -       -  
                 
Stockholders' Equity
               
Series A senior preferred stock, $1,000 per share
               
stated value, 21,000 shares issued and outstanding
    19,701       19,431  
Series C preferred stock, $3.25 per share
               
stated value, 1,189,538 shares issued and outstanding
    3,604       -  
Common stock, no par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; issued and
               
outstanding: 25,082,344 and 7,771,952 as of September 30, 2010 and
               
December 31, 2009, respectively.
    101,140       48,747  
Additional paid in capital
    6,880       3,242  
Retained (deficit) / earnings
    (9,187 )     13,407  
Accumulated other comprehensive income / (loss), net of (tax) / tax benefit of ($288)
               
and $752 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
    412       (1,076 )
                 
Total stockholders' equity
    122,550       83,751  
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  $ 990,546     $ 945,177  

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 3 -

 

Heritage Oaks Bancorp
and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income

   
For the three months
   
For the nine months
 
   
ended September 30,
   
ended September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands except per share data)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
                         
Interest Income
                       
Interest and fees on loans
  $ 10,908     $ 10,703     $ 33,478     $ 33,266  
Interest on investment securities
                               
Mortgage backed securities
    1,442       871       3,886       2,044  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    329       247       873       641  
Interest on time deposits with other banks
    -       1       1       3  
Interest on due from Federal Reserve Bank
    20       -       72       -  
Interest on federal funds sold
    1       21       3       38  
Interest on other securities
    6       17       19       33  
                                 
Total interest income
    12,706       11,860       38,332       36,025  
                                 
Interest Expense
                               
Interest on savings, NOW and money market deposits
    705       984       2,589       2,640  
Interest on time deposits in denominations of $100 or more
    502       695       1,597       1,870  
Interest on time deposits under $100
    494       675       1,684       1,903  
Other borrowings
    163       241       533       938  
                                 
Total interest expense
    1,864       2,595       6,403       7,351  
                                 
Net interest income before provision for possible loan losses
    10,842       9,265       31,929       28,674  
                                 
Provision for possible loan losses
    4,400       9,756       25,700       14,566  
                                 
Net interest income / (loss) after provision for possible loan losses
    6,442       (491 )     6,229       14,108  
                                 
Non Interest Income
                               
Fees and service charges
    581       750       1,820       2,214  
Other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses on investment securities:
                               
Total impairment loss on investment securities
    (650 )     -       (650 )     -  
Non credit related losses recognized in other comprehensive income
    544       -       544       -  
                                 
Net impairment losses on investment securities
    (106 )     -       (106 )     -  
                                 
Gain on sale of investment securities
    807       211       710       333  
(Loss) / gain on sale of OREO
    (28 )     (200 )     34       (331 )
Gain on sale of furniture fixtures and equipment
    -       -       58       -  
Gain on sale of SBA loans
    -       70       209       70  
Gain on extinguishment of debt
    -       -       1,700       -  
Other
    1,253       762       3,281       2,467  
                                 
Total non interest income
    2,507       1,593       7,706       4,753  
                                 
Non Interest Expenses
                               
Salaries and employee benefits
    4,799       3,969       13,528       11,517  
Equipment
    433       365       1,131       1,066  
Occupancy
    966       843       2,840       2,521  
Reserve for unfunded loan commitments
    65       -       65       -  
Other
    3,611       5,074       10,004       10,586  
                                 
Total non interest expenses
    9,874       10,251       27,568       25,690  
                                 
Loss before provision for income taxes
    (925 )     (9,149 )     (13,633 )     (6,829 )
                                 
Income tax expense / (benefit)
    9,978       (3,907 )     4,444       (3,196 )
                                 
Net loss
    (10,903 )     (5,242 )     (18,077 )     (3,633 )
                                 
Dividends and accretion on preferred stock
    357       352       4,517       613  
                                 
Net loss applicable to common shareholders
  $ (11,260 )   $ (5,594 )   $ (22,594 )   $ (4,246 )
                                 
Loss Per Common Share
                               
Basic
  $ (0.45 )   $ (0.73 )   $ (1.54 )   $ (0.56 )
Diluted
  $ (0.45 )   $ (0.73 )   $ (1.54 )   $ (0.56 )

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 4 -

 

Heritage Oaks Bancorp
and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

                                       
Accumulated
       
         
Common Stock
   
Additional
               
Other
   
Total
 
   
Preferred
   
Number of
         
Paid-In
   
Comprehensive
   
Retained
   
Comprehensive
   
Stockholders'
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Stock
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Capital
   
Income
   
Earnings
   
Income/(Loss)
   
Equity
 
Balance, December 31, 2009
  $ 19,431       7,771,952     $ 48,747     $ 3,242           $ 13,407     $ (1,076 )   $ 83,751  
                                                               
Issuance of 56,160 shares of Series B preferred stock
    52,351                                                     52,351  
Discount on Series B preferred stock
    (3,456 )                     3,456                                
Conversion of Series B preferred stock to common stock
    (52,351 )     17,279,995       52,351                                     -  
Issuance of 1,189,538 shares of Series C preferred stock
    3,604                                                     3,604  
Accretion on Series A preferred stock discount
    270                                     (270 )             -  
Accretion on Series B preferred stock discount
    3,456                                     (3,456 )             -  
Dividends paid on preferred stock
                                          (262 )             (262 )
Accrued dividends and interest on preferred stock
                                          (529 )             (529 )
Exercise of stock options
            11,260       42                                     42  
Share-based compensation expense
                            182                             182  
Issuance of restricted share awards
            26,565                                                
Retirement of restricted share awards
            (7,428 )                                              
Comprehensive loss:
                                                             
Net loss
                                  $ (18,077 )     (18,077 )             (18,077 )
Unrealized security holding gains (net of $1,137 tax)
                                    1,626               1,626       1,626  
Reclassification for net gains on investments included in earnings (net of $97 tax)
                                    (138 )             (138 )     (138 )
                                                                 
Total comprehensive loss
                                  $ (16,589 )                        
                                                                 
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 23,305       25,082,344     $ 101,140     $ 6,880             $ (9,187 )   $ 412     $ 122,550  
                                                                 
Balance, December 31, 2008
  $ -       7,753,078     $ 48,649     $ 1,055             $ 21,420     $ (1,092 )   $ 70,032  
                                                                 
Issuance of 21,000 shares of Series A Senior preferred stock and common stock warrant
    19,152                       1,848                               21,000  
Accretion on Series A preferred stock discount
    189                                       (189 )             -  
Dividends paid on preferred stock discount
                                            (424 )             (424 )
Exercise of stock options (including $9 excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options)
            10,050       46                                       46  
Share-based compensation expense
                            269                               269  
Retirement of restricted share awards
            (2,623 )                                                
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
Net loss
                                  $ (3,633 )     (3,633 )             (3,633 )
Unrealized security holding gains (net of $483 tax)
                                    692               692       692  
Reclassification for net gains on investments included in earnings (net of $137 tax)
                                    (196 )             (196 )     (196 )
                                                                 
Total comprehensive loss
                                  $ (3,137 )                        
                                                                 
Balance, September 30, 2009
  $ 19,341       7,760,505     $ 48,695     $ 3,172             $ 17,174     $ (596 )   $ 87,786  

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 5 -

 
 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp
and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   
For the nine month periods
 
   
ended September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
             
Cash flows from operating activities:
           
Net loss
  $ (18,077 )   $ (3,633 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used) / provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    967       844  
Provision for possible loan losses
    25,700       14,566  
Amortization of premiums / discounts on investment securities, net
    1,206       64  
Amortization of intangible assets
    386       787  
Share-based compensation expense
    182       269  
Gain on sale of available for sale securities
    (710 )     (333 )
Other than temporary impairment
    106       -  
Gain on extinguishment of debt
    (1,700 )     -  
(Increase) / decrease in loans held for sale
    (2,887 )     161  
Net increase in bank owned life insurance
    (388 )     (318 )
Increase in deferred tax asset
    (12,427 )     (5,017 )
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance adjustment
    10,519       -  
(Gain) / loss on sale of other real estate owned
    (34 )     331  
Write-downs on other real estate owned
    362       1,449  
Increase in other assets
    (10,395 )     (8,218 )
Increase in other liabilities
    1,037       260  
Excess tax benefit related to share-based compensation expense
    -       (9 )
                 
NET CASH (USED) / PROVIDED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES
    (6,153 )     1,203  
                 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Purchase of securities, available for sale
    (105,382 )     (76,600 )
Sale of available for sale securities
    8,088       16,040  
Maturities and calls of available for sale securities
    556       1,138  
Proceeds from principal reductions and maturities of available for sale securities
    17,627       8,424  
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    -       (705 )
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    433       -  
Decrease / (increase) in loans, net
    34,266       (38,921 )
Allowance for loan and lease loss recoveries
    1,810       30  
Purchase of property, premises and equipment, net
    (404 )     (1,011 )
Purchase of bank owned life insurance
    -       (377 )
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned
    3,099       6,269  
                 
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES
    (39,907 )     (85,713 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
Increase in deposits, net
    20,159       150,008  
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing
    35,000       75,000  
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing
    (45,000 )     (119,000 )
Decrease in repurchase agreements
    -       (2,796 )
Decrease in junior subordinated debentures
    (3,455 )     -  
Excess tax benefit related to share-based compensation expense
    -       9  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    42       37  
Cash dividends paid
    (262 )     (424 )
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and common stock warrants, net
    55,955       21,000  
                 
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES
    62,439       123,834  
                 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
    16,379       39,324  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    40,738       24,571  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 57,117     $ 63,895  
                 
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures:
               
                 
Cash Flow information
               
Interest paid
  $ 6,519     $ 7,433  
Income taxes paid
  $ 5,475     $ 460  
                 
Non-Cash Flow Information
               
Change in other valuation allowance for investment securities
  $ 2,529     $ 842  
Loans transferred to OREO or foreclosed collateral
  $ 12,114     $ 9,595  
Preferred stock dividends declared not paid
  $ 529     $ -  
Accretion of preferred stock discount
  $ 3,726     $ 189  
Conversion of preferred stock
  $ 52,351     $ -  

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 6 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Note 1.  Consolidated Financial Statements

The accompanying un-audited condensed consolidated financial statements of Heritage Oaks Bancorp and subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for annual financial statements are not included herein. In the opinion of Management, all adjustments (which consist solely of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of results for the interim periods presented have been included. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes contained in the Company’s 2009 Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned financial subsidiary, Heritage Oaks Bancorp (“the Company”).  All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated. Heritage Oaks Capital Trust II is an unconsolidated subsidiary formed solely for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2010. Certain amounts in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009 may have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the consolidated financial statements in 2010.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires Management to make estimates and assumptions.  These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Events or transactions that provided evidence about conditions that did not exist at September 30, 2010, but arose before the financial statements were available to be issued have not been recognized in the financial statements as of and for the periods ended September 30, 2010.  Based on all currently available information, the Company is not aware of any such events.  Events or transactions that were deemed to be of a material nature and provide evidence about conditions that did exist at September 30, 2010 have been recognized in these consolidated financial statements.

Note 2.  Investment Securities

In accordance with U.S. GAAP, investment securities are classified in three categories and accounted for as follows: debt and mortgage-backed securities that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and are measured at amortized cost; debt and equity securities bought and held principally for the purpose of selling in the near term are classified as trading securities and are measured at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses included in earnings; debt and equity securities not classified as either held-to-maturity or trading securities are deemed as available-for-sale and are measured at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of applicable taxes, reported in a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Any gains and losses on sales of investments are computed on a specific identification basis.  Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted using the interest method over the lives of the related securities.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 7 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair values of investment securities available for sale at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:

(dollars in thousands)
       
Gross
   
Gross
       
   
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
 
As of September 30, 2010
 
Cost
   
Gains
   
Losses
   
Value
 
Obligations of U.S. government agencies and corporations
  $ 102     $ -     $ (3 )   $ 99  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
Agency
    152,042       1,784       (842 )     152,984  
Non-agency
    15,906       251       (1,849 )     14,308  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    33,359       1,385       (26 )     34,718  
Other securities
    109       -       -       109  
                                 
Total
  $ 201,518     $ 3,420     $ (2,720 )   $ 202,218  
                                 
As of December 31, 2009
                               
Obligations of U.S. government agencies
  $ 108     $ -     $ (4 )   $ 104  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
Agency
    78,203       619       (872 )     77,950  
Non-agency
    21,935       1,184       (2,966 )     20,153  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    22,653       421       (210 )     22,864  
Other securities
    109       -       -       109  
                                 
Total
  $ 123,008     $ 2,224     $ (4,052 )   $ 121,180  

During the nine months ended September 30, 2010 the Company purchased approximately $105.4 million in investment securities.  Sales of investments totaled approximately $8.1 million.  In connection with these sales, the Company recognized an aggregate pre-tax gain of $0.7 million.  Sales of investment securities during the first nine months of 2009 totaled approximately $16.0 million.  Gains recognized in connection with those sales totaled approximately $0.3 million.  Principal pay-downs on mortgage related securities totaled approximately $17.9 million and $8.4 million during the first nine months of 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Other than Temporary Impairment

Management periodically evaluates investments in the portfolio for other than temporary impairment and more specifically when conditions warrant such an evaluation.  When evaluating whether impairment is other than temporary, Management considers, among other things, the following: (1) the length of time the security has been in an unrealized loss position, (2) the extent to which the security’s fair value is less than its cost, (3) the financial condition of the issuer, (4) any adverse changes in ratings issued by various rating agencies, (5) the intent and ability of the Company to hold such securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value and (6) in the case of mortgage related securities, credit enhancements, loan-to-values, credit scores, delinquency and default rates, cash flows and the extent to which those cash flows are within Management’s initial expectations based on pre-purchase analyses.

U.S. GAAP states that OTTI is considered to have occurred: (1) if the Company intends to sell the related securities; (2) if it is “more likely than not” the Company will be required to sell the securities before recovery of its amortized cost basis; or (3) the present value of expected future cash flows is not sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the securities.  If an investor is not required to or does not intend to sell the security, it must still evaluate the expected future cash flows to be received to determine if a credit loss has occurred.  In the event that a credit loss has occurred, only the amount of impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings.  OTTI amounts related to all other factors, such as market conditions, are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.

During the third quarter of 2010, the Company recognized approximately $0.1 million in OTTI credit losses on one non-agency whole loan CMO.  Gross unrealized losses on this one security were approximately $0.6 million, with approximately $0.5 million related to all other factors, including general market conditions, and recognized as a component of other comprehensive income.  During the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company recognized OTTI credit losses on this particular security of approximately $0.2 million.
 
Although as of the date of evaluation the Company had the ability and intent to hold the related security it evaluated for OTTI for the foreseeable future, the results of the analysis performed on this security indicated that the present value of the expected future cash flows was not sufficient to recover the entire amortized cost basis, and thus indicating a credit loss had occurred.
 
 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 8 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
As of September 30, 2010 the Company held three securities in which OTTI losses had been recognized.  These securities had an aggregate remaining book balance of approximately $3.6 million, compared to the $5.4 million reported at December 31, 2009.  During the second quarter of 2010 the Company sold one of four securities on which OTTI had previously been recognized, in an effort to take advantage of current, more favorable, market pricing available at that time.  The Company recognized a loss of approximately $150 thousand on the sale of that security.  The Company did not sell any of the other securities mentioned above during the third quarter of 2010 and therefore, continues to hold a total of three securities with OTTI.  The Company will continue to engage an independent third party to review these securities on a quarterly basis for the foreseeable future.

The Company’s evaluations of non-agency whole loan CMOs, with the assistance of an independent third party, compile relevant collateral details and performance statistics on a security-by-security basis.  These evaluations also include assumptions about prepayment rates, future delinquencies, and loss severities based on the underlying collateral characteristics, and vintage.  Additionally, evaluations include consideration of actual recent collateral performance, the structuring of the security, including the Company’s position within that structure, and expectations of relevant market and economic data as of the end of the reporting period.  Assumptions made concerning the items listed above allow the Company to then derive an estimate for the net present value of each security’s expected future cash flows.  This amount is then compared to the amortized cost of each security to determine the amount of any possible credit loss.

As of September 30, 2010, net unrealized losses on non-agency CMOs within the Company’s investment portfolio totaled approximately $1.6 million compared to $1.8 million reported at December 31, 2009 and were primarily attributable to market interest rate volatility and a significant widening of interest rate spreads relating to the continued uncertainty in financial markets, rather than to credit risk.  Current characteristics of each security owned, such as delinquency rates, foreclosure levels, credit enhancements, and projected losses, are reviewed periodically by Management.  Accordingly, it is expected that these securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the Company’s investment. Because the Company does not have the intent to sell these investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these investments before anticipated recovery of fair value, which may be at maturity, the Company did not consider these investments to be other than temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2010.  However, it is possible that the underlying loan collateral of these securities will perform worse than is currently expected, which could lead to adverse changes in cash flows on these securities and future OTTI losses.  Events that could trigger material unrecoverable declines in fair values, and therefore potential OTTI losses for these securities in the future, include, but are not limited to, further significantly weakened economic conditions, deterioration of credit metrics, significantly higher levels of default, loss in value on the underlying collateral, deteriorating credit enhancement, and further uncertainty and illiquidity in the financial markets.

As of September 30, 2010, the Company believes that unrealized losses on all other mortgage related securities such as agency securities, including those issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) and the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) are not attributable to credit quality, but rather fluctuations in market prices for these types of investments.  Additionally, these securities have maturity dates that range from 1 to 30 years and have contractual cash flows guaranteed by agencies of the U.S. Government.  As of September 30, 2010, the Company does not believe unrealized losses related to these securities are other than temporary.

The following table provides a roll forward as of September 30, 2010 of investment securities credit losses recorded in earnings.  The beginning balance represents the credit loss component for which OTTI occurred on debt securities in prior periods.  Additions represent the first time a debt security was credit impaired or when subsequent credit impairments have occurred on securities for which OTTI credit losses have been previously recognized.  As previously discussed the Company did recorded additional OTTI on one investment security in the amount of $0.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.

         
OTTI Related to
       
   
OTTI Related
   
All Other
   
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
to Credit Loss
   
Factors
   
OTTI
 
Balance, December 31, 2009
  $ 372     $ 1,584     $ 1,956  
Additional charges on securities for which OTTI was previously recognized
    106       544       650  
Realized losses for securities sold
    (45 )     (70 )     (115 )
                         
Balance, September 30, 2010
  $ 433     $ 2,058     $ 2,491  

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 9 -

 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
The following table provides a summary of investment securities in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:

   
Securities In A Loss Position
             
   
For Less Than 12 Months
   
For 12 Months or More
   
Total
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
As of September 30, 2010
 
Value
   
Loss
   
Value
   
Loss
   
Value
   
Loss
 
Obligations of U.S. government agencies and corporations
  $ -     $ -     $ 99     $ (3 )   $ 99     $ (3 )
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
Agency
    84,468       (841 )     75       (1 )     84,543       (842 )
Non-agency
    -       -       9,798       (1,849 )     9,798       (1,849 )
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    2,254       (22 )     150       (4 )     2,404       (26 )
                                                 
Total
  $ 86,722     $ (863 )   $ 10,122     $ (1,857 )   $ 96,844     $ (2,720 )
                                                 
As of December 31, 2009
                                               
Obligations of U.S. government agencies
  $ -     $ -     $ 104     $ (4 )   $ 104     $ (4 )
Mortgage backed securities:
                                               
Agency
    38,625       (870 )     357       (2 )     38,982       (872 )
Non-agency
    -       -       11,618       (2,966 )     11,618       (2,966 )
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    6,012       (210 )     -       -       6,012       (210 )
                                                 
Total
  $ 44,637     $ (1,080 )   $ 12,079     $ (2,972 )   $ 56,716     $ (4,052 )

At September 30, 2010, the Company owned nine Whole Loan Private Label Mortgage Backed Securities (“PMBS”) with a remaining principal balance of approximately $15.9 million.  PMBS do not carry a government guarantee (explicit or implicit) and require much more detailed due diligence in the form of pre and post purchase analysis.  All PMBS bonds were rated AAA by one or more of the major rating agencies at the time of purchase.  Due to the severe and prolonged downturn in the economy PMBS bonds along with other asset classes have seen deterioration in price, credit quality, and liquidity.  Rating agencies have been reassessing all ratings associated with bonds starting with lower tranche or subordinate pieces (which have increased loss exposure) then moving on to senior and super senior bonds which is what the Company owns with the exception of one mezzanine bond (subordinate).  At September 30, 2010, five bonds with an aggregate fair value of $9.6 million are deemed to be non-investment grade. All five of these bonds are in senior or super senior tranche positions of their respective bond structures, meaning the Company has priority in cash flows and has subordinate tranches below its position providing credit support.

The Company continues to perform regular extensive analyses, quarterly, on PMBS bonds in the portfolio including but not limited to updates on: credit enhancements, loan-to-values, credit scores, delinquency rates and default rates. These investment securities continue to demonstrate cash flows as expected, based on pre-purchase analyses.  As of September 30, 2010, Management does not believe that losses on PMBS in the portfolio, other than those previously discussed, are other than temporary.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 10 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Note 3.  Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses

The following table provides a summary of outstanding loan balances as of September 30, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009:

   
September 30,
   
December 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Real Estate Secured
           
Multi-family residential
  $ 20,475     $ 20,631  
Residential 1 to 4 family
    23,358       25,483  
Home equity lines of credit
    30,627       29,780  
Commercial
    343,753       337,940  
Farmland
    15,364       13,079  
Commercial
               
Commercial and industrial
    139,672       157,270  
Agriculture
    14,746       17,698  
Other
    194       238  
Construction
               
Single family residential
    8,972       15,538  
Single family residential - Spec.
    2,789       3,400  
Tract
    -       2,215  
Multi-family
    1,870       2,300  
Hospitality
    -       14,306  
Commercial
    32,307       27,128  
Land
    32,167       52,793  
Installment loans to individuals
    7,129       8,327  
All other loans (including overdrafts)
    459       553  
                 
Total loans, gross
    673,882       728,679  
                 
Deferred loan fees
    1,605       1,825  
Allowance for loan losses
    21,571       14,372  
                 
Total loans, net
  $ 650,706     $ 712,482  
                 
Loans held for sale
  $ 12,374     $ 9,487  

Concentration of Credit Risk

At September 30, 2010, approximately $511.7 million or 75.9% of the Company’s loan portfolio was collateralized by various forms of real estate, this represents a decrease of approximately $32.9 million when compared to that reported at December 31, 2009. Such loans are generally made to borrowers located in San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties. The Company attempts to reduce its concentration of credit risk by making loans which are diversified by industry and project type.  While Management believes that the collateral presently securing this portfolio is adequate, there can be no assurances that further significant deterioration in the California real estate market would not expose the Company to significantly greater credit risk.

At September 30, 2010, the Company was contingently liable for letters of credit accommodations made to its customers totaling approximately $16.1 million and un-disbursed loan commitments in the approximate amount of $142.0 million, exclusive of letters of credit. The Company makes commitments to extend credit in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total outstanding commitment amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Standby letters of credit written are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as those involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Company currently anticipates no losses as a result of such transactions.  For more detailed information on concentrations of credit risk, please refer to “Loans” of “Financial Condition” under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results and Operations” contained within this document.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 11 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Loans Serviced for Others

Loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying balance sheets.  The unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others, exclusive of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans was $13.6 million and $16.3 million at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.

The Company originates SBA loans for sale to governmental agencies and institutional investors.  At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the unpaid principal balance of SBA loans serviced for others totaled $6.5 million and $4.4 million, respectively.  In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company recognized $0 and approximately $0.2 million in gains on the sale of SBA loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.  The Company also recorded approximately $0 and $79 thousand in servicing assets related to the sale of SBA loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.  These servicing assets are recoded initially at fair value and will be amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income associated with each SBA loan for which the Company provides servicing.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the change in net SBA servicing assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010:

   
For the three months ended
   
For the nine months ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Beginning balance
  $ 59     $ (18 )   $ (19 )   $ (18 )
Additions
    -       (11 )     79       (11 )
Disposals
    -       -       -       -  
Amortization
    (1 )     -       (2 )     -  
                                 
Ending balance
  $ 58     $ (29 )   $ 58     $ (29 )

U.S. GAAP requires that the Company record the transfer of a portion of a financial asset (such as SBA loans) as secured borrowing in its consolidated financial statements until such time that the transfer of a portion of the financial asset represents a participating interest and the transfer of the participating interest has met the conditions for surrender of control, as defined.

The following summarizes the conditions that must be met to qualify as a participating interest:

 
·
The portions of a financial asset must represent a proportionate ownership interest in an entire financial asset.
 
·
From the date of transfer, all cash flows received from the entire financial asset must be divided proportionately among the participating interest holders in an amount equal to their share of ownership.
 
·
The transfer of the financial asset shall involve no recourse (other than standard representation and warranties) to, or subordination by, any participating interest holder.
 
·
No party has the right to pledge or exchange the entire financial asset.

If the participating interest or surrender of control criteria are not met the transfer of the financial asset is not accounted for as a sale and de-recognition of the asset is not appropriate and the Company would continue to account for the transfer as secured borrowing.

The accounting guidance provided under U.S. GAAP has impacted the way the Company accounts for the sale of SBA loans.  The terms contained in certain participation and loan sale agreements, specifically those that relate to the sale of SBA loans, are outside the control of the Company.  These sales agreements contain recourse provisions (generally 90 days) that initially require the Company to account for the transfer of a portion of these financial assets as secured borrowing, until such time that the recourse provision expires.  Once the recourse provision expires, transfers of a portion of these financial assets are re-evaluated to determine if they meet the participating interest definition and subsequently accounted for as a sale.  As a result, the Company will report SBA transfers as secured borrowings over the period for which recourse provisions exist, which will result in the deferral of any potential gain on sale from these transactions, assuming all other sales criteria for each transaction are met.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 12 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Impaired Loans

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s investment in impaired loans, the corresponding valuation allowance for such loans as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:

   
September 30,
   
December 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Non-accruing loans
  $ 26,776     $ 38,170  
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing
    52       151  
Troubled debt restructurings (exclusive of loans on non accrual)
    6,782       9,703  
                 
Total impaired loans
  $ 33,610     $ 48,024  
                 
Impaired loans with a valuation allowance
  $ 9,042     $ 6,155  
Valuation allowance related to impaired loans
  $ 1,922     $ 852  
Impaired loans without a valuation allowance
  $ 24,568     $ 41,869  
                 
Average recorded investment in impaired loans
  $ 47,528     $ 32,781  
Cash receipts applied to reduce principal balance
  $ 15,854     $ 7,042  

The provisions of U.S. GAAP permit the valuation allowances reported above to be determined on a loan-by-loan basis or by aggregating loans with similar risk characteristics.  Because all of the loans currently identified as impaired have unique risk characteristics, valuation allowances the Company has recorded were determined on a loan-by-loan basis.

Loans the Company considers to be impaired totaled approximately $33.6 million and $48.0 million at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.  The Company classifies all non-accruing loans, loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing as well as loans classified as troubled debt restructurings as impaired.  If interest on non-accruing loans (including trouble debt restructurings (“TDRs”) on non-accrual) had been recognized at the original interest rates stipulated in the respective loan agreements, interest income would have been approximately $0.7 million and $2.4 million higher during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.  The Company recognized approximately $0.1 million and $0.4 million in interest income on certain loans classified as impaired for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.  This compares to $11 thousand and $18 thousand in interest income recognized on impaired loans for the same periods ended a year earlier.  Interest income recognition on impaired loans related exclusively to TDRs that were performing under the modified terms of their respective loan agreements. It should be noted that a significant portion of the Company’s impaired loans were carried at fair value as of September 30, 2010, resulting in large part from the charge-off of loan balances following the receipt of appraisal information on the underlying collateral.

At September 30, 2010, approximately $13.9 million in loans were classified as TDRs of which approximately $7.1 million were non-accruing.  In a majority of cases, the Company has granted concessions regarding interest rates, payment structure and maturity.  Forgone interest related to TDRs totaled approximately $120 thousand and $197 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.  This compares to the $17 thousand and $26 thousand reported in the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 13 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Allowance for Loan Losses

An allowance for loan losses has been established by Management to provide for those loans that may not be repaid in their entirety for a variety of reasons.  The allowance is maintained at a level considered by Management to be adequate to provide for probable incurred losses.  The allowance is increased by provisions charged to earnings and is reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries. The provision for loan losses is based upon past loan loss experience and Management’s evaluation of the loan portfolio under current economic conditions.  Loans are charged to the allowance for loan losses when, and to the extent, they are deemed by Management to be uncollectible.

The following table provides a summary for the activity in the allowance for loan losses during the periods indicated:

   
For the three months ended
   
For the nine months ended
   
For the year ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
   
December 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
   
2009
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 22,134     $ 11,106     $ 14,372     $ 10,412     $ 10,412  
Provision expense
    4,400       9,756       25,700       14,566       24,066  
Loans charged-off:
                                       
Residential 1-4 family
    316       304       598       304       558  
Home equity line of credit
    1       -       1       -       -  
Commercial real estate
    523       41       3,106       41       339  
Farmland
    -       -       235       -       -  
Commercial and industrial
    2,530       503       11,348       1,728       5,816  
Agriculture
    44       1,909       1,253       1,909       2,224  
Construction
    21       397       1,009       2,218       2,218  
Land
    1,673       1,801       2,629       2,792       8,886  
Other
    25       42       132       143       163  
                                         
Total charge-offs
    5,133       4,997       20,311       9,135       20,204  
                                         
Recoveries of loans previously charged off
    170       8       1,810       30       98  
                                         
Balance at end of period
  $ 21,571     $ 15,873     $ 21,571     $ 15,873     $ 14,372  

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Company made provisions for loan losses in the amount of $4.4 million and $25.7 million, respectively.  This when compared to the $9.8 million and $14.6 million reported for the same periods ended a year earlier, represents a decrease of approximately $5.4 million and an increase of $11.1 million, respectively.  Elevated provision expenses are reflective of, among other things, additional loan balances charged-off during the nine months of 2010, continued weakness in local, state and national economic conditions, the number and dollar volume of loans placed on non-accruing status when compared to historical periods and the downgrade of certain credits within the loan portfolio.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 14 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Note 4.  Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”)

The following table provides a summary of the change in the balance of OREO for the nine months ended September 30, 2010:
 
   
Balance
                     
Balance
 
   
December 31,
                     
September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2009
   
Additions
   
Disposals
   
Writedowns
   
2010
 
Real Estate Secured
                             
Multi-family residential
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
Residential 1 to 4 family
    367       235       (198 )     (172 )     232  
Home equity line of credit
    -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial
    165       5,590       (363 )     (187 )     5,205  
Farmland
    -       577       (577 )     -       -  
Commercial
                                       
Commercial and industrial
    -       50       -       -       50  
Agriculture
    -       -       -       -       -  
Other
    -       -       -       -       -  
Construction
                                       
Single family residential
    -       -       -       -       -  
Single family residential - Spec.
    -       538       -       (41 )     497  
Tract
    -       363       -       (69 )     294  
Multi-family
    -       -       -       -       -  
Hospitality
    -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial
    -       -       -       -       -  
Land
    414       4,726       (2,001 )     (386 )     2,753  
Installment loans to individuals
    -       -       -       -       -  
All other loans
    -       -       -       -       -  
                                         
Totals
  $ 946     $ 12,079     $ (3,139 )   $ (855 )   $ 9,031  
 
Note 5.  Deferred Tax Assets

U.S. GAAP requires that companies assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against their deferred tax assets based on the consideration of all available evidence using a “more likely than not” standard.  In making such judgments, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified.  U.S. GAAP provides that a cumulative loss in recent years is significant negative evidence in considering whether deferred tax assets are realizable and also restricts the amount of evidence on projections of future taxable income to support the recovery of deferred tax assets.  As of September 30, 2010, the Company recorded a $10.5 million valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets, which was recognized as a charge to income tax expense during the three months ended September 30, 2010.  

The ultimate realization of these deferred tax assets is dependent on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the valuation of deferred tax assets over time.  The deferred tax assets for which there are no valuation allowances relate to amounts that are expected to be realized through subsequent reversals of existing taxable temporary differences.  The accounting for deferred taxes is based on an estimate of future results.  Differences between anticipated and actual outcomes of these future tax consequences could have an impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or financial position.

The deferred tax asset will be analyzed quarterly for changes affecting realizability and the valuation allowance may be adjusted in future periods accordingly.  The Company will analyze changes in near-term market conditions and consider both positive and negative evidence as well as other factors which may impact future operating results in making any decision to adjust the valuation allowance in future periods.

Companies are subject to a change in ownership test under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, that if met, would limit the annual utilization of pre-change of ownership carry-forward as well as the ability to use certain unrealized built-in losses (as determined by Section 382 testing).  As a result of the Company’s March 2010 private placement, a change of ownership was deemed to have occurred under Section 382.  Under Section 382, the yearly limitation on the Company’s ability to utilize such deductions will be equal to the product of the applicable long-term tax exempt rate and the sum of the values of the Company’s common stock and TARP preferred stock immediately before the ownership change.  The Company’s ability to utilize deductions related to credit losses during the twelve month period following the deemed ownership change would also be limited under Section 382, together with net operating loss carry-forwards, to the extent that such deductions reflect a net loss that was “built-in” to the Company’s assets immediately prior to the ownership change.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 15 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Because the amount of equity issued in the Company’s March 2010 private placement triggered an ownership change under Section 382, the Company’s ability to use the net operating loss carry-forwards and certain “built-in” losses existing at the time of the deemed change in ownership to offset future income may be substantially limited.  Therefore, the Company may incur higher than anticipated income tax expense in future periods and / or may not fully realize portions of its DTA subject to the Section 382 limitation.

Note 6.  Earnings / (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic earnings / (loss) per common share are computed by dividing net income / (loss) applicable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period.  Diluted earnings / (loss) per common share are computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding over the reporting period, adjusted to include the effect of potentially dilutive common shares.  Potentially dilutive common shares are calculated using the Treasury Stock Method and include incremental shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, other share-based compensation awards and any other security in which its conversion / exercise may result in the issuance of common stock, such as the warrant the Company issued to the U.S. Treasury during 2009 or the Series C Perpetual Preferred Stock the Company issued during 2010.  U.S. GAAP prohibits the computation of diluted loss per common share from assuming exercise or issuance of securities that would have an anti-dilutive effect, which can occur when the Company reports a net loss..  As a result, any potential dilution associated with share-based compensation awards, the warrant issued to the U.S. Treasury, and the Series C Perpetual Preferred Stock were not included in the calculation of diluted loss per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, because the Company reported a net loss.

The following table sets forth the number of shares used in the calculation of both basic and diluted loss per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009:

   
For the three months ending,
 
   
September 30, 2010
   
September 30, 2009
 
   
Net
         
Net
       
(dollars in thousands except per share data)
 
Loss
   
Shares
   
Loss
   
Shares
 
Net loss
  $ (10,903 )         $ (5,242 )      
Dividends and accretion on preferred stock
    (357 )           (352 )      
                             
Net loss applicable to common shareholders
  $ (11,260 )         $ (5,594 )      
                             
Weighted average shares outstanding
            25,004,479               7,699,377  
                                 
Basic loss per common share
  $ (0.45 )           $ (0.73 )        
                                 
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards, common stock warrants, and convertible perpetual preferred stock
            -               -  
                                 
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding
            25,004,479               7,699,377  
                                 
Diluted loss per common share
  $ (0.45 )           $ (0.73 )        

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 16 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


   
For the nine months ending,
 
   
September 30, 2010
   
September 30, 2009
 
   
Net
         
Net
       
(dollars in thousands except per share data)
 
Loss
   
Shares
   
Loss
   
Shares
 
Net loss
  $ (18,077 )         $ (3,633 )      
Dividends and accretion on preferred stock
    (4,517 )           (613 )      
                             
Net loss applicable to common shareholders
  $ (22,594 )         $ (4,246 )      
                             
Weighted average shares outstanding
            14,719,951               7,694,969  
                                 
Basic loss per common share
  $ (1.54 )           $ (0.56 )        
                                 
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards, common stock warrants, and convertible perpetual preferred stock
               -                  -  
                                 
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding
            14,719,951               7,694,969  
                                 
Diluted loss per common share
  $ (1.54 )           $ (0.56 )        

Note 7.  Recent Accounting Pronouncements

On July 21, 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2010-20, “Receivables (Topic 310): Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses.” The new disclosures will require significantly more information about credit quality in a financial institution’s loan portfolio. This statement addresses only disclosures and does not change recognition or measurement of the allowance for loan losses. The provisions under this statement are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010.

In April 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-18, “Effect of a Loan Modification When the Loan Is Part of a Pool That Is Accounted for as a Single Asset.”  ASU No. 2010-18 provides guidance on accounting for acquired loans that have evidence of credit deterioration upon acquisition, specifically those loans acquired and accounted for in the aggregate as a pool. As a result of the amendments in this Update, modifications of loans that are accounted for within a pool under Subtopic 310-30 do not result in the removal of those loans from the pool even if the modification of those loans would otherwise be considered a troubled debt restructuring. An entity will continue to be required to consider whether the pool of assets in which the loan is included is impaired if expected cash flows for the pool change.  The Company is required to adopt the provisions of this ASU in its first interim period beginning after July 15, 2010.  The Company does not currently believe the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2010, the Financial FASB issued ASU No. 2010-09, “Subsequent Events (Topic 855) Amendments to Certain Recognition and disclosure Requirements.”  The amendments remove the requirement for an SEC registrant to disclose the date through which subsequent events were evaluated.  Removal of the disclosure requirement did not have an effect on the nature or timing of subsequent events evaluations performed by the Company.  ASU 2010-09 became effective upon issuance.

In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-06, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Topic 820):  Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements.”  ASU 2010-06 revises two disclosure requirements concerning fair value measurements and clarifies two others.  It requires separate presentation of significant transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy and disclosure of the reasons for such transfers.  It will also require the presentation of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements within Level 3 on a gross basis rather than a net basis.  The amendments also clarify that disclosures should be disaggregated by class of asset or liability and that disclosures about inputs and valuation techniques should be provided for both recurring and non-recurring fair value measurements.  These new disclosure requirements were effective for the period ended March 31, 2010, except for the requirement concerning gross presentation of Level 3 activity, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010.  The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 17 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


In December 2009, FASB issued an accounting standard incorporated into Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 860.  This update codifies SFAS No. 166, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets—an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 140,” which was previously issued by the FASB in June 2009 but was not included in the original codification.  This update to ASC 860 creates more stringent conditions for reporting a transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale, clarifies other sale-accounting criteria, and changes the initial measurement of a transferor’s interest in transferred financial assets. This statement is effective for all annual and interim reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2009.  Under this standard, in order to recognize the transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale, the transferred portion and any portion that continues to be held by the transferor must represent a participating interest, and the transfer of the participating interest must meet the conditions for surrender of control. To qualify as a participating interest: (i) the portions of a financial asset must represent a proportionate ownership interest in an entire financial asset, (ii) from the date of transfer, all cash flows received from the entire financial asset must be divided proportionately among the participating interest holders in an amount equal to their share of ownership, (iii) involve no recourse (other than standard representation and warranties) to, or subordination by, any participating interest holder, and (iv) no party has the right to pledge or exchange the entire financial asset. If the participating interest or surrender of control criteria are not met the transfer is not accounted for as a sale and de-recognition of the asset is not appropriate.  Rather the transaction is accounted for as a secured borrowing arrangement. The impact to certain transactions such as the sale of SBA loans or certain participations being reported as secured borrowings rather than derecognizing a portion of a financial asset would increase total assets (loans) and liabilities (other borrowings).  The terms contained in certain participation and loan sale agreements are outside the control of the Company and largely relate to Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loan sales.  These sales agreements contain recourse provisions (generally 90 days) that will initially preclude sale accounting.  However, once the recourse provision expires, transfers of portions of financial assets may be reevaluated to determine if they meet the participating interest definition and subsequently accounted for as a sale.  As a result, The Company will report SBA transfers as secured borrowings over the period for which recourse provisions exist, which will result in the deferral of any potential gain on sale from these transactions, assuming all other sales criteria for each transaction are met. The Company does not believe it has or will have a significant amount of participations subject to recourse provisions or other features that would preclude de-recognition of the assets transferred.  The Company adopted this accounting standard on January 1, 2010 and has not had a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standard, incorporated into ASC topic 810 “Consolidation,” that seeks to improve financial reporting by companies involved with variable interest entities. Also addressed under this standard are concerns about the application of certain key provisions, including those in which the accounting and disclosures do not always provide timely and useful information about a company’s involvement in a variable interest entity.  The standard requires a company to perform analyses to determine if its variable interest(s) give it a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity.  These analyses identify the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity as the company that has both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity that most significantly impact the company’s economic performance; and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the variable interest entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the variable interest entity.  This standard is effective for all annual and interim reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2009 with earlier application prohibited.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standard which was incorporated into ASC topic 860 “Transfers and Servicing.” This standard seeks to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial statements about a transfer of financial assets; the effects of a transfer on its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; and a transferor’s continuing involvement, if any, in transferred financial assets.  The Company adopted this accounting standard on January 1, 2010 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In December 2008, the FASB issued an accounting standard which was subsequently incorporated into ASC topic 715 “Compensation – Retirement Benefits.”  This standard seeks to provide users of financial statements with an understanding of: how investment allocation decisions are made, the major categories of plan assets, the inputs and valuations techniques used to measure the fair value of those assets, the effect of fair value measurements using unobservable inputs on changes in plan assets during a reporting period, and significant concentrations of risk within plan assets.  The Company adopted this accounting standard on January 1, 2010.  The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on its financial statements.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 18 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Note 8.  Share-Based Compensation

As of September 30, 2010, the Company had two share-based employee compensation plans, which are more fully described in Note 15 of the consolidated financial statements in the Company's Annual Report filed on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.  These plans include the “1997 Stock Option Plan” and the “2005 Equity Based Compensation Plan.”  Share-based compensation expense for all share-based compensation awards granted after January 1, 2006, is based on the grant-date fair value.  For all awards except stock option awards, the grant date fair value is the fair market value per share as of the grant date.  For stock option awards, the grant date fair value is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  For all awards, the Company recognizes these compensation costs only for those shares expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, for which we use the related vesting term.  The Company estimates forfeiture rates based on historical employee option exercise and employee termination experience.

The share-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009 is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, and accordingly has been adjusted by the amount of estimated forfeitures.  U.S. GAAP requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

The following table provides a summary of the expenses the Company has recognized related to share-based compensation as well as the impact those expenses have had on diluted earnings per share for the periods indicated below:

   
For the three months ended
   
For the nine months ended
 
   
September 30,
   
September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands except share and per share data)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Share-based compensation expense:
                       
Stock option expense
  $ 57     $ 43     $ 149     $ 129  
Restricted stock expense
    (63 )     42       33       140  
                                 
Total share-based compensation expense
  $ (6 )   $ 85     $ 182     $ 269  
                                 
Unrecognized compensation expense:
                               
Stock option expense
  $ 562     $ 274                  
Restricted stock expense
    152       307                  
                                 
Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense
  $ 714     $ 581                  

Share-based compensation expense was negative for the third quarter of 2010, and relates to the reversal of unvested restricted stock expense associated with the departure of one of the Company’s executive officers.

At September 30, 2010, there was a total of $562 thousand of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock option awards. That expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years.

The Company grants restricted share awards periodically for the benefit of employees. These restricted shares generally “cliff vest” after five years of issuance. Recipients of restricted shares have the right to vote all shares subject to such grant, and receive all dividends with respect to such shares, whether or not the shares have vested. Recipients do not pay any cash consideration for the shares.  The total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted share awards at September 30, 2010 was $152 thousand. That expense is expected to be recognized over the next 1.8 years.

The aggregate intrinsic value in the following table represents the total pretax intrinsic value (the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the third quarter of 2010 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on September 30, 2010).  The aggregate pretax intrinsic value is subject to change based on the fair market value of the Company's stock.  There was no aggregate intrinsic value associated with options that were exercised during 2010.   The pretax intrinsic value associated with options exercised for the nine month period ended September 30, 2009 was approximately $22 thousand.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 19 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
The following table provides a summary of the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable as well as options granted, exercised, and forfeited during the year to date periods ended September 30, 2010 and 2009:

               
Average
       
         
Weighted
   
Remaining
   
Total
 
         
Average
   
Contractual
   
Intrinsic
 
   
Number of
   
Exercise
   
Term
   
Value
 
   
Shares
   
Price
   
(in years)
   
(in 000's)
 
                         
Options outstanding, January 1, 2010
    440,738     $ 9.15              
Granted
    311,813       3.10              
Exercised
    (11,260 )     3.73              
Forfeited
    -       -              
                             
Options outstanding, September 30, 2010
    741,291     $ 6.69       6.33     $ 62  
                                 
Exercisable at September 30, 2010
    361,475     $ 9.51       2.89     $ 18  
                                 
Options outstanding, January 1, 2009
    408,830     $ 9.34                  
Granted
    49,741       5.41                  
Exercised
    (10,050 )     3.73                  
Forfeited
    -       -                  
                                 
Options outstanding, September 30, 2009
    448,521     $ 9.03       4.33     $ 484  
                                 
Exercisable at September 30, 2009
    347,172     $ 8.92       3.03     $ 385  

The Company granted 229,313 options to Management and other Company employees and 82,500 to various non-management members of the Company’s Board of Directors during the third quarter of 2010.  The Company also granted a restricted share award of 26,565 shares to one member of management during the third quarter of 2010.  During the first quarter of 2009 the Company granted 25,000 options to various non-management members of the Company’s Board of Directors.  The Company also granted 24,741 options to other individuals during the first nine months of 2009.  The following table presents the assumptions used in the calculation of the weighted average fair value of options granted during the first nine months of 2009:

   
2010
   
2009
 
Expected volatility
    43.75 %     37.66 %
Expected term (years)
    7       10  
Dividend yield
    0.00 %     0.00 %
Risk free rate
    2.02 %     3.16 %
                 
Weighted-average grant date fair value
  $ 1.48     $ 2.87  

The table on the previous page presents the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model.  The Black-Scholes model incorporates a range of assumptions for inputs that are disclosed in the table above.  Expected volatilities are based on the daily historical stock price over the expected life of the option.  The expected term of options granted is derived from the output of the model and represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding.  Dividend yields are estimated based on the dividend yield on the Company’s common stock at the time of grant.  The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the stock option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

Estimates of fair value derived from the Company’s use of the Black-Scholes pricing model are theoretical values for stock options and changes in the assumptions used in the models could result in different fair value estimates.  The actual value of the stock options granted will depend on the market value of the Company’s common stock when the options are exercised.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 20 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Note 9.  Fair Value Disclosures

The Company determines the fair market values of certain financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established in U.S. GAAP which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value and describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value.

The following provides a summary of the hierarchical levels used to measure fair value:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 1 assets and liabilities may include debt and equity securities that are traded in an active exchange market and that are highly liquid and are actively traded in over-the-counter markets.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 assets and liabilities may include debt securities with quoted prices that are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments and other instruments whose value is determined using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data. This category generally includes U.S. Government and agency mortgage-backed debt securities, corporate debt securities, derivative contracts, residential mortgage and loans held-for-sale.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. This category generally includes certain private equity investments, retained residual interests in securitizations, residential MSRs, asset-backed securities (“ABS”), highly structured or long-term derivative contracts and certain collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) where independent pricing information was not able to be obtained for a significant portion of the underlying assets.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value:

Securities

The fair value of securities available-for-sale are determined by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized exchanges or matrix pricing which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather relying on the security’s relationship to other benchmark quoted securities.

Loans Held For Sale

The fair value of loans held for sale is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary market prices. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of the loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset or assets, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan.

Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Impairment is measured based on the fair value of the underlying collateral or the discounted expected future cash flows.  The Company measures impairment on all non-accrual loans for which it has established specific reserves as part of the specific credit allocation component of the allowance for loan losses.  As such, the Company records impaired loans as non-recurring Level 2 when the fair value of the underlying collateral is based on an observable market price or current appraised value.  When current market prices are not available or the Company determines that the fair value of the underlying collateral is further impaired below appraised values, the Company records impaired loans as non-recurring Level 3.  At September 30, 2010, a significant majority of the Company’s impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value of their underlying collateral based upon the most recent appraisal available to Management.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 21 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Other Real Estate Owned and Foreclosed Collateral

Other real estate owned and foreclosed collateral are adjusted to fair value, less any estimated costs to sell, at the time the loans are transferred into this category.  The fair value of these assets is based on independent appraisals, observable market prices for similar assets, or Management’s estimation of value.  When the fair value is based on independent appraisals or observable market prices for similar assets, the Company records other real estate owned or foreclosed collateral as non-recurring Level 2 assets.  When appraised values are not available, there is no observable market price for similar assets, or Management determines the fair value of the asset is further impaired below appraised values or observable market prices, the Company records other real estate owned or foreclosed collateral as non-recurring Level 3 assets.

The following table provides a summary of the financial instruments the Company measures at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2010:

   
Fair Value Measurements Using
       
   
Quoted Prices in
   
Significant Other
   
Significant
       
   
Active Markets for
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
Identical Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
   
Assets At
 
As of September 30, 2010
 
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
   
Fair Value
 
Assets
                       
Obligations of U.S. government agencies
  $ -     $ 99     $ -     $ 99  
Mortgage backed securities
                               
Agency
    -       152,984       -       152,984  
Non-agency
    -       14,308       -       14,308  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    -       34,422       296       34,718  
Other securities
    -       109       -       109  
                                 
Total assets measured on a recurring basis
  $ -     $ 201,922     $ 296     $ 202,218  
                                 
As of December 31, 2009
                               
Assets
                               
Obligations of U.S. government agencies
  $ -     $ 104     $ -     $ 104  
Mortgage backed securities
                               
Agency
    -       77,950       -       77,950  
Non-agency
    -       20,153       -       20,153  
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
    -       22,127       737       22,864  
Other securities
    -       109       -       109  
                                 
Total assets measured on a recurring basis
  $ -     $ 120,443     $ 737     $ 121,180  

The following table provides a summary of the changes in balance sheet carrying values associated with Level 3 financial instruments during the nine months ended September 30, 2010:

               
Purchases,
             
   
Balance as of
   
Gains
   
Issuances, and
   
Sales and
   
Balance as of
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
December 31, 2009
   
Included in OCI (1)
   
Settlements
   
Maturities
   
September 30, 2010
 
Obligations of state and political subdivisions
  $ 737     $ 3     $ -     $ (444 )   $ 296  

(1) Realized or unrealized gains from the changes in values of Level 3 financial instruments represent gains from changes in values of financial instruments only for the period(s) in which the instruments were classified as Level 3.

The assets presented under level 3 of the fair value hierarchy classified as obligations of state and political subdivisions represent available for sale investment securities in the form of certificates of participation where an active market for such securities is not currently available.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 22 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
The following table provides a summary of the financial instruments the Company measures at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2010:

   
Fair Value Measurements Using
             
   
Quoted Prices in
   
Significant Other
   
Significant
             
   
Active Markets for
   
Observable
   
Unobservable
             
(dollars in thousands)
 
Identical Assets
   
Inputs
   
Inputs
   
Assets At
   
Total
 
As of September 30, 2010
 
(Level 1)
   
(Level 2)
   
(Level 3)
   
Fair Value
   
Gains / (Losses)
 
Assets
                             
Impaired loans
  $ -     $ 31,688     $ -     $ 31,688     $ (1,455 )
Loans held for sale
    -       12,374       -       12,374          
Other real estate owned
    -       9,031       -       9,031       (650 )
Goodwill
    -       -       11,049       11,049          
                                         
Total assets measured on a non-recurring basis
  $ -     $ 53,093     $ 11,049     $ 64,142     $ (2,105 )
                                         
As of December 31, 2009
                                       
Assets
                                       
Impaired loans
  $ -     $ 47,172     $ -     $ 47,172     $ (20,204 )
Loans held for sale
    -       9,487       -       9,487       -  
Other real estate owned
    -       946       -       946       (1,496 )
Goodwill
    -       -       11,049       11,049       -  
                                         
Total assets measured on a non-recurring basis
  $ -     $ 57,605     $ 11,049     $ 68,654     $ (21,700 )

Goodwill assets are recorded at fair value initially and assessed for impairment periodically thereafter under the provisions set forth in U.S. GAAP.  During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, the carrying amount of goodwill assets were compared to their fair value.  No change in carrying amount resulted in accordance with the provisions set forth in U.S. GAAP.

Note 10.  Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the asset or obligation could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than a forced or liquidation sale.  Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument.  These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the entire holdings or a particular financial instrument.  Because no market value exists for a significant portion of the financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors.  These estimates are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision.  Changes in assumptions could significantly affect these estimates.

Fair value estimates are based on financial instruments both on and off the balance sheet without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments.  Additionally, tax consequences related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a potential effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in many of the estimates.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 23 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
The following table provides a summary of the estimated fair value of financial instruments at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:

   
September 30, 2010
   
December 31, 2009
 
   
Carrying
         
Carrying
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
Amount
   
Fair Value
   
Amount
   
Fair Value
 
Assets
                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 57,117     $ 57,117     $ 40,738     $ 40,738  
Interest bearing deposits
    119       119       119       119  
Investments and mortgage-backed securities
    202,218       202,218       121,180       121,180  
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    5,395       5,395       5,828       5,828  
Loans receivable, net of deferred fees and costs
    672,277       676,232       726,854       731,045  
Loans held for sale
    12,374       12,374       9,487       9,487  
Bank owned life insurance
    12,937       12,937       12,549       12,549  
Accrued interest receivable
    3,571       3,571       3,639       3,639  
                                 
Liabilities
                               
Non-interest bearing deposits
    176,419       176,419       174,635       174,635  
Interest bearing deposits
    619,205       620,762       600,830       596,782  
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
    55,000       55,000       65,000       65,180  
Junior subordinated debentures
    8,248       7,710       13,403       12,390  
Accrued interest payable
    474       474       590       590  

   
Notional
   
Cost to Cede
   
Notional
   
Cost to Cede
 
   
Amount
   
or Assume
   
Amount
   
or Assume
 
Off-balance sheet instruments, commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit
  $ 158,148     $ 1,581     $ 169,578     $ 1,696  

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair values of financial instruments:

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximate the fair values of those assets due to the short-term nature of the assets.

Interest Bearing Deposits at Other Financial Institutions

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for interest bearing deposits at other financial institutions approximates the fair value of these assets due to the short-term nature of the assets.

Investments Including Federal Home Loan Bank Stock and Mortgage-Backed Securities

Fair values are based upon quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are extrapolated from the quoted prices of similar instruments or through the use of other observable data supporting a valuation model.  Fair values for holdings of Federal Home Loan Bank stock is based on carrying amounts due to redemption provisions.

Loans, Loans Held for Sale, and Accrued Interest Receivable

For variable-rate loans that re-price frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying amounts.  The fair values for other loans (for example, fixed rate loans and loans that possess a rate variable other than daily) are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.  Loan fair value estimates include judgments regarding future expected loss experience and risk characteristics.

The fair value of loans held for sale is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary market prices.  If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of the loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset or assets, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan.  The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates its fair value.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 24 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Bank Owned Life Insurance

Fair values are based on current cash surrender values at each reporting date provided by the underlying insurers.

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances

The fair value disclosed for FHLB advances is determined by discounting contractual cash flows at current market interest rates for similar instruments.

Interest Bearing Deposits and Accrued Interest Payable

The fair values disclosed for interest bearing deposits (for example, interest-bearing checking accounts and passbook accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (that is, their carrying amounts).  The fair values for certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated contractual maturities on such time deposits.  The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value.

Junior Subordinated Debentures

The fair value disclosed for junior subordinated debentures is based on contractual cash flows at current market interest rates for similar instruments.

Off-Balance Sheet Instruments

Fair values of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are based upon fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreement and the counterparties' credit standing.

Note 11.  Preferred Stock

U.S Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”)

Under its Amended Articles of Incorporation, the Company is authorized to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, in one or more series, having such voting powers, designations, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions as determined by the Board of Directors.  

On March 20, 2009, the Company issued 21,000 shares of Series A Senior Preferred Stock to the U.S. Treasury under the terms of the CPP for $21.0 million with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share.  The preferred stock carries a coupon of 5% for five years and 9% thereafter.  Senior preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury is non-voting, cumulative, and perpetual and may be redeemed at 100% of their liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends following three years from the date of issue.  In addition, the Company issued a warrant to the U.S. Treasury to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock in an amount equal to 15% of the preferred equity issuance or approximately $3.2 million (611,650 shares).  The warrant is exercisable immediately at a price of $5.15 per share, will expire after a period of 10 years from issuance and is transferable by the U.S. Treasury.  The warrant may be dilutive to earnings per common share during reporting periods in which the warrant is not anti-dilutive.

The U.S. Treasury may transfer a portion or portions of the warrant, and/or exercise the warrant at any time.  The U.S. Treasury has agreed not to exercise voting power with respect to any common shares issued to it upon exercise of the warrant.   At September 30, 2010, there had been no changes to the number of common shares covered by the warrant nor had the U.S. Treasury exercised any portion of the warrant.

The proceeds received from the U.S. Treasury were allocated to the Series A Senior Preferred Stock and the warrant based on their relative fair values.  The fair value of the Series A Senior Preferred Stock was determined through a discounted future cash flow model at a discount rate of 10%.  The fair value of the warrant was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which includes assumptions regarding the Company’s dividend yield, stock price volatility, and the risk-free interest rate.  As a result the Company recorded the Series A Senior Preferred Stock and the warrant at approximately $19.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively.  The Company is accreting the discount on the Series A Senior Preferred Stock over a period of five years with corresponding charges to retained earnings.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 25 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
It is also important to note that net income available to common shareholders will be impacted to the extent the Company charges retained earnings for the accretion of the discount on the Series A Senior Preferred Stock and any dividends accrued and paid from retained earnings on the Series A Senior Preferred Stock.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, dividends and accretion on the Series A Senior Preferred Stock totaled approximately $0.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively.  Additionally, the Company is subject to certain limitations during its participation in the CPP including:

 
·
The requirement to obtain consent from the U.S. Treasury for any proposed increases in common stock dividends prior to the third anniversary date of the preferred equity issuance.

 
·
The Series A Senior Preferred Stock cannot be redeemed for three years unless the Company obtains proceeds to replace the Series A Senior Preferred Stock through a qualified equity offering.

 
·
The U.S. Treasury must consent to any buy back of our common stock.

The Company must adhere to restrictions placed on the amount of and type of compensation paid to its executives while participating in the CPP, pursuant to section 111 of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, as amended (“EESA”).

In the second quarter of 2010 the Company was required to defer dividend payments on its Series A Senior Preferred Stock to comply with the terms of the Written Agreement entered into between the Company and the Federal Reserve Company of San Francisco.  As a result, as of September 30, 2010, the Company has accrued for but has not paid approximately $0.5 million in dividends on its Series A Senior Preferred Stock.  If the Company fails to pay dividends on Series A Senior Preferred Stock for a total of six quarters, whether or not consecutive, the U.S. Treasury will have the right to elect two members of the Company’s Board of Directors, voting together with any other holders of preferred shares ranking pari passu with the Series A Senior Preferred Stock. These directors would serve on the Company’s Board of Directors until such time as the Company has paid in full all dividends not previously paid, at which time these directors’ terms of office would immediately terminate.  As of September 30, 2010, the Company has not paid dividends on Series A Preferred Stock for two consecutive quarters.

For more information concerning the Written Agreement, please refer to Note 12. Regulatory Order and Written Agreement of these consolidated financial statements.

Private Placement and Preferred Stock Conversion

On March 12, 2010 the Company announced that it completed a private placement of 52,088 shares of its Series B Mandatorily Convertible Adjustable Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock ("Series B Preferred Stock") and 1,189,538 shares of its Series C Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred Stock”), raising gross proceeds of approximately $56.0 million. In addition, approximately $4.0 million was placed in escrow for a second closing of 4,072 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, which then closed during the second quarter of 2010.  Total gross proceeds raised in the private placement were approximately $60.0 million and total costs associated with the capital raising efforts were approximately $4.0 million, which represent a reduction of the addition to equity from the private placement.

In June 2010, the Company received shareholder approval to convert all outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Stock to common stock and as a result the Company issued 17,279,995 shares of common stock in June 2010.

The Series B Preferred Stock was mandatorily convertible into common stock, upon the approval by shareholders of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $3.25 per common share.  As indicated above, shareholder approval occurred during the second quarter of 2010.  The conversion price of $3.25 per common share was less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on March 10, 2010, (the “commitment date”) the date the Company made a firm commitment to issue the Series B Preferred Stock.  The fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the commitment date was $3.45 per share.  Therefore, the Series B Preferred Stock was issued with a contingent beneficial conversion feature that had an intrinsic value equal to the $0.20 per share difference between the share price on the commitment date and the conversion price of the Series B Preferred Stock.  The intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature related to the entire Series B Preferred Stock issuance was $3.5 million.  The recognition of the beneficial conversion feature was contingent upon the approval of the Company’s shareholders of the conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock to common stock and thus was recognized in June 2010 when such approval was received at the Company’s annual meeting of shareholders.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 26 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
Upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Stock the related beneficial conversion feature was recorded in conjunction with the establishment of a discount on the Series B Preferred Stock and a corresponding increase in additional paid in capital.  The immediate accretion of the entire Series B Preferred Stock discount occurred through a charge to retained earnings on June 11, 2010, the date the Company converted the outstanding Series B Preferred Stock to common stock.

Series C Preferred Stock is a non-voting class of stock substantially similar in priority to the common stock of the Company, except for a liquidation preference over the Company’s common stock.  The Series C Preferred Stock will convert to shares of common stock on a one share for one share basis if the original holder of such shares transfers them to an unaffiliated third party. The Series C Preferred Stock will not be redeemable by either the Company or by the holders.  Holders of the Series C Preferred Stock do not have any voting rights, including the right to elect any directors, other than the customary limited voting rights with respect to matters significantly and adversely affecting the rights and privileges of the Series C Preferred Stock.

As is the case with the Series B Preferred Stock, the fair market value of the Company’s common stock was higher than the conversion price of $3.25 per share of the Series C Preferred Stock on the date the Company made a firm commitment to issue the Series C Preferred Stock.  Therefore, the Series C Preferred Stock also has a contingent beneficial conversion feature associated with it.  However, since the conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock remains contingent upon the holder’s transfer of the securities to an unaffiliated third party with no specified date for its conversion to common stock, the Company will record the contingent beneficial conversion feature as an initial discount on Series C Preferred Stock and additional paid in capital, with a concurrent immediate accretion of the established discount and corresponding charge to retained earnings on the date the Series C Preferred Stock converts to common stock.  The amount of the contingent beneficial conversion feature is approximately $0.2 million and will be recorded as described upon the original holder’s transfer of Series C Preferred Stock to an unaffiliated third party.  Such transfer has not occurred as of September 30, 2010.

It should be noted that two investors in the Company’s March 2010 private placement have Board observation rights, while one of the two investors also has Board nomination rights.

Note 12.  Regulatory Order and Written Agreement

On March 4, 2010, the FDIC and the DFI issued a Consent Order (the "Order") to the Bank that requires, among other things, the Bank to increase its capital ratios, reduce its classified assets and increase Board oversight of Management. The Board and Management are aggressively responding to the Order to ensure full compliance and have taken actions necessary to comply with the Order within the required time frames. Such actions include the completion of the capital raise discussed above which, following a contribution of a portion of the proceeds to the Bank, brought the Bank into compliance with the capital requirements of the Order.  Additionally, a Written Agreement was entered into between the Company and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco on March 4, 2010.

The following provides a summary of certain provisions in the Order as well as the Written Agreement.  Please also refer to the Company’s current reports filed on Form 8-K with the SEC on March 10, 2010 and March 8, 2010, for a more complete description of the provisions of the Order and Written Agreement, respectively.

Consent Order

On February 26, 2010, the Bank stipulated to the issuance of the Order by the FDIC, its principal federal banking regulator, and the California Department of Financial Institutions (“DFI”) which requires the Bank to take certain measures to improve its safety and soundness.  The Order was subsequently issued by the FDIC and DFI on March 4, 2010. The Bank’s stipulation to the issuance by the FDIC and the DFI of the Order resulted from certain findings in a report of examination resulting from an examination of the Bank conducted in September 2009 based upon financial and lending data measured as of June 30, 2009. In entering into the stipulation to entry of the Order, the Bank did not concede the findings or admit to any of the assertions in the report of examination (“ROE”).

Under the Order, the Bank is required to take certain measures as more fully discussed below.  At September 30, 2010, the Bank believes it is in compliance with all components of the Order.

 
·
Among the corrective actions required are for the Bank to develop and adopt a plan to maintain the minimum capital requirements for a “well-capitalized” Bank, and to reach and maintain a Tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 10% and a total risked based capital ratio of 11.5% at the Bank level beginning 90 days from the issuance of the Order.  Following the Company’s March 2010 private placement, $48.0 million was down-streamed to the Bank in the form of Tier I capital, bringing the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios above the required minimums set forth in the Order.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 27 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
 
·
Pursuant to the Order, the Bank must retain qualified management, must notify the FDIC and the DFI in writing when it proposes to add any individual to its Board of Directors or to employ any new senior executive officer, and must conduct an independent study of management and personnel structure of the Bank. A consultant was retained to complete the required management study. The Bank is in compliance with the Order’s timelines for completion of such study and implementation by the Board of a plan to address the findings of such study.  As part of the capital raise, the Company and Bank received regulatory approval to add as a director of both the Bank and Company one of the principals of the investor in the transaction that owns approximately 14.4% of the outstanding voting shares of the Company.  The addition of a director to the Company’s Board of Directors required an amendment to the Company’s bylaws to increase the range of the size of the board.  The Company’s shareholders approved such an amendment at the June 10, 2010 Shareholder Meeting and the director was added to the Company’s Board effective June 23, 2010.

 
·
Under the Order the Bank’s Board of Directors must also increase its participation in the affairs of the Bank, assuming full responsibility for the approval of sound policies and objectives and for the supervision of all the Bank’s activities.  The Board of Directors believes it has always provided appropriate oversight of the Bank, but has recently taken steps to reevaluate such oversight and enhance where appropriate the frequency and duration and the scope and depth of matters covered at its Board meetings in response to the current economic environment and concerns raised in the ROE.  In direct response to the ROE, a new joint regulatory compliance committee was formed at both the Bank and Company levels to oversee the Bank’s and Company’s response to all regulatory matters, including the Order and the Written Agreement, discussed below.  Detailed tracking of the Order’s requirements, and the Bank’s progress in responding thereto, is reviewed and reported at all such committee meetings, with regular reports then being provided by the committee to the full Board.  Further, and prior to the issuance of the Order, the Board directed its Chairman, Michael Morris, to significantly increase his direct oversight of Management and involvement in Bank and Company affairs to ensure an appropriate response at both the Bank and Company to the concerns raised in the recent examination of the Bank.

 
·
The Order further requires the Bank to increase its Allowance for Loan Losses (“ALLL”), as of the date of the ROE, by $3.5 million and to review and revise its ALLL methodology.  The Bank subsequently made provisions of approximately $19.3 million in the third and fourth quarters of 2009 and increased the ALLL by a net $4.2 million in the first quarter of 2010.  The Bank has revised its Policy for determining the adequacy of the ALLL to include an assessment of market conditions and other qualitative factors.  The Bank’s Policy otherwise continues to provide for a comprehensive determination of the adequacy of its ALLL which is to be reviewed promptly and regularly at least once each calendar quarter and be properly reported, and any deficiency in the allowance must be remedied in the calendar quarter it is discovered, by a charge to current operating earnings.  As of the date of this report the Bank is in compliance with this provision of the Order.

 
·
With respect to classified assets as of the date of the ROE, the Order also requires the Bank to charge-off or collect all assets classified as “Loss” and one-half of the assets classified as “Doubtful,” and within 180 days of the Order to reduce its level of assets classified as “Substandard” to no more than the greater of $50.0 million or 50% of Tier 1 capital plus the ALLL.  As of December 31, 2009, the Bank met the requirement to charge-off or collect all assets classified as “Loss” and one-half of the assets classified as “Doubtful” as of the date of the ROE.  At September 30, 2010, the Bank has met the requirement to reduce assets classified as “Substandard” as of the date of the ROE to no more than the greater of $50.0 million or 50% of Tier 1 capital plus the ALLL.

 
·
The Order requires that the Bank develop or revise, adopt and implement a plan, which must be approved by the FDIC and DFI, to reduce the amount of Commercial Real Estate loans extended, particularly focusing on reducing loans for construction and land development. At September 30, 2010, the Bank has reduced its concentrations for Commercial Real Estate and construction and land development to within guidelines acceptable by the Order. In addition, the Bank is to develop a plan for reducing the number of “watch list” credits to an acceptable level, and develop or revise its written lending and collection policies to provide more effective guidance and control over the Bank’s lending function.  At September 30, 2010, the Bank has in place a plan to comply with this provision of the Order.

 
·
The Order restricts the Bank from taking certain actions without the prior written consent of the FDIC and the DFI, including paying cash dividends, and from extending additional credit to certain types of borrowers. The Bank has not paid cash dividends since the first quarter of 2008. In addition, the Bank has put processes and controls in place to ensure extensions of credit, directly or indirectly, are not granted to those who are related to borrowers of loans charged-off or classified as “Loss”, “Substandard” or “Doubtful” in the ROE. The Bank has also acknowledged that neither the loan committee nor the Board of Directors will approve any extension to a borrower classified “Substandard” or “Doubtful” in the ROE without first collecting all past due interest in cash.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 28 -

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
 
·
The Order further requires the Bank to develop or revise, adopt and implement a revised liquidity policy, and to adopt a contingency funding plan to adequately address contingency funding sources and appropriately reduce contingency funding reliance on off-balance sheet sources.  The Bank has revised its current liquidity policy and contingency funding plan.

 
·
The Order also requires that the Bank prepare and submit a revised business plan, that is to include a comprehensive budget, and a 3 year strategic plan, and to further revise its investment policy.  The Bank has since prepared a comprehensive budget and revised the investment policy and is in the process of developing a revised business plan and 3 year strategic plan.

Although the Company believes it is in full compliance with all provisions of the Order as of the date of this report, ultimate determination of compliance will be determined by the FDIC and DFI in connection with their examination of the Bank and other regulatory processes.

Written Agreement

On March 4, 2010, the Company entered into a written agreement with the FRB (the “Written Agreement”), which requires the Company to take certain measures to improve its safety and soundness. Under the Written Agreement, the Company is required to develop and submit for approval, a plan to maintain sufficient capital at the Company and the Bank within 60 days of the date of the Written Agreement. The Written Agreement further provides, among other things, that the Company shall not: declare or pay dividends without prior approval of the FRB, take dividends from the Bank, make any distribution of interest, principal or other sums on subordinated debt or trust preferred securities, incur, increase, or guarantee any debt.  The Company believes it is currently in compliance with all requirements of the Written Agreement, including an update to its capital plan.  The Company has updated its cash flow projections for 2010 and has provided that information to the FRB.

The forgoing discussion of the Order and Written Agreement are qualified in their entirety by reference to the complete text of the Order and Written Agreement, which can be found on the Current Reports on Form 8-K filed March 10, 2010, and March 8, 2010, respectively.

Note 13.  Junior Subordinated Debentures

On June 8, 2010, the Company repurchased $5.0 million in face amount trust preferred securities issued by Heritage Oaks Capital Trust III, and the related $5.2 million junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company. The repurchase resulted in a pre-tax gain of approximately $1.7 million, recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2010. The repurchase was made pursuant to the non-objection of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco and approval of the United States Treasury Department. 

In the second quarter of 2010 the Company elected to defer interest payments on $8.2 million junior subordinated debentures to comply with the terms of the Written Agreement entered into between the Company and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.  As a result the Company has accrued for but has not paid approximately $89 thousand in interest payments on these debentures, as of September 30, 2010, for the second and third quarter 2010 payments due on these debentures. For more information concerning the Written Agreement, please refer to Note 12. Regulatory Order and Written Agreement of these consolidated financial statements.  For such time as the Company continues to the deferral of interest, it will be prevented from, among other things, paying dividends on its preferred and common stock.

Note 14.  Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the 2009 financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 2010 presentation.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 29 -

 

Forward Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”), including, without limitation, statements containing the words “believes”, “anticipates”, “intends”, “expects”, and words of similar impact, constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the following: the ongoing financial crisis in the United States, including the continuing downturn in the California real estate market, and the response of the federal and state government and our regulators thereto, general economic conditions in those areas in which the Company operates, demographic changes, competition, fluctuations in interest rates, changes in business strategy or development plans, changes in governmental regulation, credit quality, the impact of the recent capital raise to support the Company’s business, as well as economic, political and global changes arising from the war on terrorism, increased profitability, continued growth, the Company’s beliefs as to the adequacy of its existing and anticipated allowance for loan losses, beliefs and expectations about, and requirements to comply with the terms of Consent Order and Written Agreement issued by regulatory authorities having oversight of the Company’s and Bank’s operations, and financial policies of the United States government. (Refer to the Company’s December 31, 2009 10-K, ITEM 1A. Risk Factors). The Company disclaims any obligation to update any such factors or to publicly announce the results of any revisions to any of the forward-looking statements contained herein to reflect future events or developments.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 30 -

 

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following is an analysis of the results of operations and financial condition of the Company as of and for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2010 and 2009.  The analysis should be read in connection with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.

The Company

Heritage Oaks Bancorp (the "Company") is a California corporation organized in 1994 to act as a holding company of Heritage Oaks Bank ("Bank"), a 15 branch bank serving San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties.  In 1994, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of the Bank in a holding company formation transaction.

In October 2006, the Company formed Heritage Oaks Capital Trust II (“Trust II”). Trust II is a statutory business trust formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and is a wholly-owned, non-financial, non-consolidated subsidiary of the Company.

In September 2007, the Company formed Heritage Oaks Capital Trust III (“Trust III”). Trust III is a statutory business trust formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and is a wholly-owned, non-financial, non-consolidated subsidiary of the Company.  In June 2010 the Company re-purchased all the outstanding securities related to Trust III and plans to dissolve Trust III in the fourth quarter of 2010.

On October 12, 2007, the Company acquired Business First National Bank (“Business First”).  Business First was merged with and into Heritage Oaks Bank, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.  In connection with the acquisition, two additional branches were added to the Bank’s network.  For additional information regarding this acquisition, please see Note 23 to the consolidated financial statements of the Company’s 2008 annual report, which was filed on Form 10-K.

Other than holding the shares of the Bank, the Company conducts no significant activities, although it is authorized, with the prior approval of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve Board"), the Company's principal regulator, to engage in a variety of activities which are deemed closely related to the business of banking. The Company has also caused to be incorporated a subsidiary, CCMS Systems, Inc. which is currently inactive and has not been capitalized. The Company has no present plans to activate the proposed subsidiary.

Where You Can Find More Information

Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Sections 13 and 15(d), periodic and current reports must be filed with the SEC. The Company electronically files the following reports with the SEC: Form 10-K (Annual Report), Form 10-Q (Quarterly Report), Form 8-K (Current Report), and Form DEF 14A (Proxy Statement). The Company may file additional forms. The SEC maintains an internet site, www.sec.gov, in which all forms filed electronically may be accessed. Additionally, all forms filed with the SEC and additional shareholder information are available free of charge on the Company’s website: www.heritageoaksbancorp.com.

The Company posts these reports to its website as soon as reasonably practicable after filing them with the SEC.  None of the information on or hyperlinked from the Company’s website is incorporated into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 31 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Executive Summary

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Company reported a net loss applicable to common shareholders of approximately $11.3 million and $22.6 million, respectively.  In the same periods ended a year earlier, the Company reported a net loss applicable to common shareholders of approximately $5.6 million and $4.2 million, respectively.  Net loss per diluted common share was $0.45 for the third quarter of 2010, compared to net loss of $0.73 per diluted common share in the same period ended a year earlier.  For the first nine months of 2010, the net loss per diluted common share was $1.54 compared to net loss per diluted common share of $0.56 for the same period ended a year earlier.

Operating results for the third quarter of 2010 were significantly impacted by a $10.5 million valuation allowance the Company recorded for a portion of its deferred tax assets.  Please see Note 5. Deferred Tax Assets, of the conslolidated financial statements, filed on this Form 10-Q for additional information related to the valuation allowance established for deferred tax assets.  Exclusive of this charge, operating results for the third quarter of 2010, as outlined below, showed significant improvement when compared to prior year results, as the Company experienced measured improvement in asset quality.  However, the results for the first nine months of 2010, exclusive of the valuation allowance established for a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets, when compared to the same period ended a year earlier reflect the impact of a very challenging first six months of 2010, resulting in higher year over year loan loss provisions.

Third quarter 2010 and year to date operating results through September 30, 2010, exclusive of the $10.5 million valuation allowance recorded for a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets, were positively impacted by greater net interest income and non-interest income as compared to the same periods a year earlier.  Positive quarterly and year-to date impacts to net interest income are attributable to the increased interest income generated by the securities portfolio and reductions in the Company’s cost of interest bearing liabilities.  Current quarter and year to date increases of non-interest income, as compared to the same periods a year earlier are primarily attributable to increased gains on sales of investment securities, mortgage origination income, and a reduction in losses on sale of OREO.  Increases in non-interest income for the first nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same prior year period are also significantly elevated due to the $1.7 million pre-tax gain the Company recognized from the extinguishment of $5.0 million in junior subordinated debentures in June 2010.

The provision for loan losses continues to have a significant negative effect on year to date operating results through September 30, 2010; current year to date loan loss provisions were 76.4% higher than those recorded for the same period a year earlier.  Increased provisions for loan losses can be attributed to downgrades in the loan portfolio and current year charge-offs related to the continued effort to work through the troubled asset portfolio.  However, the Company recorded 54.9% less in provision for loan losses during the third quarter of 2010 as compared with the same quarter a year earlier, demonstrating a deceleration in the amount of required provisions for loan losses.  As of September 30, 2010, the allowance for loan losses represented 3.20% of total gross loans.

Non-interest expenses decreased for the quarter ended September 30, 2010, as compared to the third quarter of 2009, primarily as a result of decreases in OREO related write-downs and sales costs.  This positive impact on non-interest expense was augmented by decreases in data processing expenses and FDIC insurance premiums, but was significantly offset by increases in salaries and benefits, and, to a lesser extent, increases in occupancy costs.  Non-interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 increased as compared to the same period ended a year earlier primarily due to increases in salaries and benefits, FDIC insurance premiums and occupancy costs; all offset partially by decreases in OREO related write-downs and sales costs.

Liquidity continued to remain strong during the third quarter of 2010.  The Company reported a liquidity ratio, the ratio of liquid assets not pledged for collateral and other purposes to deposits and other liabilities, of 31.89% at September 30, 2010, compared to 20.50% and 19.65% reported at December 31, 2009, and September 30, 2009, respectively.  The proceeds from the March 2010 private placement, a $20.2 million or 2.6% year to date increase in total deposits, in conjunction with reduced loan demand, contributed significantly to the rise in on-balance sheet liquidity.

The following provides a summary of operating results for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 and 2009:

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 32 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
 
·
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 interest income totaled approximately $12.7 million and $38.3 million.  When compared to the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier, this represents increases of approximately $0.8 million and $2.3 million, respectively.  The increase in interest income was primarily driven by an increase in the average balance of the Company’s investment portfolio which increased by $108.7 million and $93.2 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to the same periods ended a year earlier.  Increases within this category can be attributed in large part to the investment of excess liquidity stemming from significant year over year deposit growth as well as funds received in the Company’s March 2010 private placement.  Increases in interest income from the investment portfolio were augmented by increases in interest income from the loan portfolio, despite a $16.8 million decrease in average loan balances, for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same period ended a year earlier.  This was primarily a result of a decrease of interest reversals on loans transferred to non-accrual status during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the third quarter of 2009.  Interest income from loans also increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same period ended a year earlier due to the positive impact of an increase in average loans of $12.4 million, which was partially offset by the negative impact of higher levels of forgone interest.

 
·
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, interest expense totaled approximately $1.9 million and $6.4 million, respectively.  When compared to the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier, this represents a decrease in interest expense of approximately $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively.  Management’s continued focus on decreasing funding costs contributed significantly to the year over year declines within this category.  The cost of interest bearing deposits declined 60 and 39 basis points for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 when compared to that reported for the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.

 
·
Net interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 totaled approximately $10.8 million and $31.9 million.  Net interest income increased approximately $1.6 million and $3.3 million from that reported during the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.  Year over year changes in net interest income can be attributed in large part to the items mentioned in the preceding paragraphs.

 
·
Non-interest income totaled approximately $2.5 million and $7.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010, representing an increase of approximately $0.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively when compared to the same periods ended a year earlier.  Significant items contributing to the increase of non-interest income for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same periods ended a year earlier were the increases of gains on sale of investment securities, greater amounts of mortgage origination fee income, and reductions in losses on disposition of OREO, which offset decreases in service charges on deposit accounts.  The most significant component of the year to date increase in non-interest income, however, was the $1.7 million pre-tax gain on the extinguishment of $5.0 million in junior subordinated debentures during the second quarter of 2010.

 
·
Non-interest expense totaled approximately $9.9 million and $27.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively.  These amounts when compared to those reported for the same periods ended a year earlier represent a decrease of approximately $0.4 million and an increase of $1.9 million, respectively.  The year over year decline for the third quarter of 2010 can be attributed in large part to a decrease in both write-downs of OREO to fair market value and the costs associated with maintaining such assets, and to a lesser extent, reductions in amortization of the core deposit intangible (“CDI”) and data processing charges.  Increased salaries and benefits costs accounted for the majority of the increase in non-interest expenses for the nine months of 2010, and offset a significant portion of the decrease for the three months ended, September 30, 2010 as compared to the same periods ended a year earlier.  Salaries and benefits increases on a quarterly and year to date basis resulted from expansion in the Company’s management team, increases in insurance benefit premiums, and adjustments in accrued compensated absences.  Other year to date increases to non-interest expense were driven by increases in FDIC insurance premiums and occupancy expenses.  For more information related to non-interest expenses, please see “Non-Interest Expenses” of this Discussion and Analysis.

 
·
The efficiency ratio was 77.90% for the third quarter of 2010, compared to 95.12% in the third quarter of 2009.  Year over year, the efficiency ratio decreased from 77.02% for the nine months ending September 30, 2009 to 74.45% for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and was positively impacted due to an increase in net interest income during 2010 which more than offset increases in non-interest expenses.

The following provides a summary for significant year to date changes in financial condition balances as of September 30, 2010:

 
·
At September 30, 2010, gross loan balances were approximately $672.3 million, approximately $54.8 million or 7.5% lower than that reported at December 31, 2009.  Contributing to the year to date decline in loan balances was the receipt of approximately $15.7 million in principal payments on non-accruing loans, $12.1 million in transfers to foreclosed collateral and $20.3 million in charge-offs. The remaining year to date decline in gross loans can be attributed to several large pay-downs during the first nine months of 2010 in conjunction with scheduled amortization of balances in the absence of significant new loan originations.  The lower volume of loan originations relative to historical periods can be attributed in part to lower demand for credit as well as the Company becoming more selective with respect to the types of loans it chooses to originate.  See also “Loans” under “Financial Condition” of this Discussion and Analysis for additional information regarding the Company’s loan portfolio.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 33 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
 
·
At September 30, 2010, total deposits were approximately $795.6 million, approximately $20.2 million or 2.6% higher than that reported at December 31, 2009.  Deposits, exclusive of brokered deposits were approximately $794.8 million or $30.5 million higher than that reported at December 31, 2009.  Increases in core deposit balances allowed the Company to rely less on brokered deposits for funding.  At September 30, 2010 brokered deposit balances totaled approximately $0.9 million and represented 0.1% of total deposits.  This compares to $11.2 million or 1.5% at December 31, 2009.  See also “Deposits and Borrowed Funds” under “Financial Condition” of this Discussion and Analysis for information regarding the Company’s deposit liabilities.

 
·
At September 30, 2010, borrowings from the FHLB were $55.0 million, and decreased $10.0 million from that reported at December 31, 2009.  The average rate paid on borrowings with the FHLB for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 was 0.73% and 0.64%, respectively.  This compares to the 0.63% and 0.81% reported for the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.

 
·
Investment securities totaled approximately $202.2 million, approximately $81.0 million greater than that reported at December 31, 2009.  The year to date increase in the portfolio can be attributed to purchases the Company made to maximize the yield on earning assets in the absence of significant new loan originations.  For additional information on the Company’s investment securities portfolio, please see “Investment Securities and Other Earning Assets” of this Discussion and Analysis.

 
·
Federal Funds sold and interest bearing due from balances totaled approximately $40.4 million at September 30, 2010, representing an increase of approximately $19.0 million over that reported at December 31, 2009.  Increased balances within this category are attributable in large part to approximately $20.2 million in deposit growth experienced during the first nine months of 2010 as well as proceeds the Company received related to its March 2010 private placement.  See also “Investment Securities and Other Earning Assets” of this Discussion and Analysis for additional information regarding Federal Funds sold and interest bearing due from balances.

The following provides an overview of asset quality as of September 30, 2010:

 
·
At September 30, 2010, the balance of non-performing loans was approximately $26.8 million or $8.3 million and $11.4 million lower than that reported at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.  As of September 30, 2010 the balance of non-performing loans as a percentage of total gross loans was 3.98% compared to the 5.03% and 5.26% reported as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.  Contributing to the year to date decrease in non-performing loans was the receipt of approximately $15.7 million in principal payments on non-accruing balances, transfers to foreclosed collateral totaling $12.1 million and charge-offs of approximately $20.3 million.  Contributing further to the year to date decrease in non-accruing loans was the return of approximately $3.7 million in balances to accruing status following the Company’s efforts to bring resolution to problem credits.  These reductions were offset by approximately $40.4 million in balances that transferred to non-accruing status during the first nine months of 2010.  Please see “Non-Performing Assets” of this Discussion and Analysis for a more complete discussion of the loans the Company has placed on non-accrual status.

 
·
At September 30, 2010, the allowance for loan losses totaled approximately $21.6 million, representing 3.20% of total gross loans.  This compares to the $14.4 million or 1.97% of total gross loans reported at December 31, 2009.  Provisions for loan losses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 totaled approximately $4.4 million and $25.7 million, respectively.  Provisions for loan losses declined approximately $5.4 million, and increased approximately $11.1 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010, when compared to the same respective periods ended in 2009. See also “Provision for Loan Losses” of this Discussion and Analysis for a more complete discussion regarding loan loss provisions.

 
·
Charge-offs during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 totaled approximately $5.1 million and $20.3 million, respectively.  Net charge-offs during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 totaled approximately $5.0 million and $18.5 million, respectively.  Net charge-offs to average gross loans were 0.71% and 2.58% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010, respectively.  This compares to 0.70% and 1.29% reported for the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.  Please see “Allowance for Loan Losses” of this Discussion and Analysis for additional information related to the charge-offs.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 34 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
 
·
OREO balances totaled approximately $9.0 million at September 30, 2010, an increase of approximately $8.1 million from that reported at December 31, 2009.  As previously mentioned, the Company transferred approximately $12.1 million to OREO in the first nine months of 2010.  OREO dispositions totaled approximately $3.1 million and write-downs of OREO totaled $0.9 million in first nine months of 2010.

Recent Developments

The Bank is currently in the middle of an ongoing regulatory examination.  The results of this examination are not known at the time of this filing.  The results of this examination, when determined, may have an impact on the financial results of the Bank and the Company.  Although the Company believes it is in full compliance with the terms of the Order, as discussed in Note 12 of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q, compliance will be determined by the FDIC and DFI in connection with their examination of the Bank.

Dividends and Stock Repurchases

During the first nine months of 2010, the Company paid approximately $0.3 million in dividends on its Series A Senior Preferred Stock issued to the U.S. Treasury under the CPP.  In the second quarter of 2010 the Company was required to defer dividend payments on its Series A Senior Preferred Stock to comply with the terms of the Written Agreement entered into between the Company and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.  See also Note 11. Preferred Stock, of the consolidated financial statements filed on this form 10-Q for additional information about dividends on the Company’s Series A Senior Preferred Stock.  For more information concerning the Written Agreement, please refer to Note 12. Regulatory Order and Written Agreement of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.

The Company paid no dividends on or made repurchases of its common stock during the first nine months of 2010 or during the entire year of 2009.
 
 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 35 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Selected Financial Data

The table below provides selected financial data that highlights the Company’s quarterly performance results:

   
For the quarters ended,
 
(dollars in thousands except per share data)
 
09/30/10
   
06/30/10
   
03/31/10
   
12/31/09
   
09/30/09
   
06/30/09
   
03/31/09
   
12/31/08
 
                                                 
Return on average assets
    -4.29 %     -2.32 %     -0.56 %     -1.43 %     -2.30 %     0.23 %     0.54 %     -0.63 %
                                                                 
Return on average equity
    -32.20 %     -17.35 %     -5.70 %     -15.27 %     -22.54 %     2.20 %     6.04 %     -6.93 %
                                                                 
Return on average common equity
    -40.70 %     -55.46 %     -10.93 %     -22.05 %     -31.14 %     1.44 %     6.21 %     -6.93 %
                                                                 
Average equity to average assets
    13.32 %     13.36 %     9.88 %     9.35 %     10.18 %     10.68 %     8.95 %     9.06 %
                                                                 
Average common equity to average assets
    10.88 %     6.91 %     6.57 %     7.14 %     7.87 %     8.26 %     8.61 %     9.06 %
                                                                 
Net interest margin
    4.56 %     4.69 %     4.43 %     4.81 %     4.34 %     4.91 %     5.03 %     5.04 %
                                                                 
Efficiency ratio*
    77.90 %     68.86 %     76.88 %     70.84 %     95.12 %     70.02 %     66.71 %     66.43 %
                                                                 
Average loans to average deposits
    87.99 %     91.82 %     93.67 %     93.45 %     98.20 %     103.58 %     112.39 %     109.95 %
                                                                 
Net (loss) / income
  $ (10,903 )   $ (5,835 )   $ (1,339 )   $ (3,416 )   $ (5,242 )   $ 507     $ 1,102     $ (1,254 )
                                                                 
Net (loss) / income available to common shareholders
  $ (11,260 )   $ (9,644 )   $ (1,690 )   $ (3,767 )   $ (5,594 )   $ 257     $ 1,091     $ (1,254 )
                                                                 
(Loss) / Earnings Per Common Share:
                                                               
Basic
  $ (0.45 )   $ (0.86 )   $ (0.22 )   $ (0.48 )   $ (0.73 )   $ 0.03     $ 0.14     $ (0.16 )
Diluted
  $ (0.45 )   $ (0.86 )   $ (0.22 )   $ (0.48 )   $ (0.73 )   $ 0.03     $ 0.14     $ (0.16 )
Weighted Average Outstanding Shares:
                                                               
Basic
    25,004,479       11,250,989       7,717,194       7,704,060       7,699,377       7,696,027       7,689,317       7,660,342  
Diluted
    25,004,479       11,250,989       7,717,194       7,704,060       7,699,377       7,866,962       7,824,377       7,660,342  

* The efficiency ratio is defined as total non interest expense as a percent of the combined net interest income plus non interest income, exclusive of gains and losses on the sale of investment securities, other real estate owned, SBA loans, FF&E, extinguishment of debt and OTTI impairment losses.

Local Economy

The economy in the Company’s primary market area (San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties) is based primarily on agriculture, tourism, light industry, oil and retail trade. Services supporting these industries have also developed in the areas of medical, financial and educational services.  The population of San Luis Obispo County, the City of Santa Maria (in Northern Santa Barbara County), and the City of Santa Barbara totaled approximately 267,000, 85,000, and 86,000 respectively, according to the most recent economic data provided by the U.S. Census Bureau.  The moderate climate allows a year round growing season in the local economy’s agricultural sector.  Vineyards and cattle ranches also contribute largely to the local economy.  The Central Coast’s leading agricultural industry is the production of wine grapes. Vineyards in production have grown significantly over the past several years throughout the Company’s service area.  Further, access to numerous recreational activities and destinations including lakes, mountains and beaches, provide a relatively stable tourist industry from many areas including the Los Angeles/Orange County basin, the San Francisco Bay area and the San Joaquin Valley. The economy in the Company’s primary markets of San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara counties has not been immune to the current downturn in national and state economic conditions.  Weakened economic conditions have resulted in, among other things, increased unemployment, increased vacancy rates, and lower occupancy rates in the hospitality industry within the Company’s primary markets.  However, the abundant tourism that has developed over the past decade in the Company’s market area, especially in the wine industry and coastal communities, has provided support for the local economy in previous economic downturns and has, to some degree, provided support in the current economic environment.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 36 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The last two years have proven to be challenging not only on the national level, but within the state of California and more specifically the Company’s primary market area.  As the real estate market and general economic conditions have  continued to wane throughout the last two years, the ability of borrowers to satisfy their obligations to the financial sector has languished.  Although the Company’s primary market area has historically witnessed a more stable level of economic activity, the weakened state of the real estate market in conjunction with a decline in economic activity in the Company’s primary market has negatively impacted the credit quality of the loan portfolio over the last two years.  Recent indications show the unemployment rate within California to be approximately 12.4%.  Within the Company’s primary market area, recent indications show the unemployment rate within San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara major metropolitan areas to be approximately 10.3% and 8.9%, respectively.  Additionally, according to the most recent data available to the Company in regard to hotel occupancy rates, published by Smith Travel Research in June 2010, hotel occupancy rates showed a year over year decline of 3.9% and 0.1% for Paso Robles/San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara/Santa Maria, respectively.  For the State of California, hotel occupancy rates showed a year over year increase of 5.7%.

Real estate prices have fallen significantly in California and within the Company’s market area from the highs seen during 2006 and 2007.  Recent information provided by DataQuick Information Systems indicates that housing prices in San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara counties have declined in excess of 38% from the highs seen in 2006 and 2007.  Prices in some of the largest cities in the Company’s market area such as: San Luis Obispo, Paso Robles, Santa Barbara, and Santa Maria have experienced year over year price variances of approximately -4%, -1%, 17%, and -6%, respectively as of August 2010. It should be noted that although changes in local median home prices typically indicate home price appreciation and depreciation, price changes may also reflect shifts in the composition of housing market activity. Therefore, some of the variations in median home prices as of August 2010 may have been impacted by compositional changes in housing demand. Real estate sales in the Company’s market area have remained relatively stable, and can be attributed in part to sales of distressed properties, and the work through of any additional supply added to the market in recent years during the economic downturn.

Although prices in the Company’s market area remain well below the highs witnessed in 2006 and 2007, a lack of oversupply in the Company’s market relative to other areas of California, desirable climate, and close proximity to popular tourist destinations, for both San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties have resulted in lower percentage declines in prices for the local real estate market, relative to other areas of California.

Commercial real estate prices in the Company’s primary markets have also come under some pressure in the current economic downturn, although not to the extent witnessed in some other areas of California.  The most current data available to the Company indicates vacancy rates in the retail, office and manufacturing sectors of the Company’s primary market area to be 3.0%, 6.1% and 5.4%, respectively as of the fourth quarter of 2009.  This compares to vacancy rates of 1.4%, 3.5% and 2.3% for the same respective categories in 2008.

As economic conditions continue to wane, and as the level of unemployment continues to rise, conditions within the Company’s primary market may be negatively impacted above and beyond what the Company has seen thus far.  Additional job losses and any prolonged decline in economic activity may further impact the borrowers to whom the Company has extended credit, which may further impact the Company’s operating results and financial condition.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are set forth in the 2009 Annual Report, Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements, which was filed on Form 10-K.

The following is a brief description of the Company’s current accounting policies involving significant Management valuation judgments.

Loans and Interest on Loans

Loans receivable that Management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances reduced by any charge-offs of specific valuation allowances and net of any deferred fees or costs on originated loans, or unamortized premiums or discounts on purchased loans.

Loan origination fees and certain direct origination costs are capitalized and recognized as an adjustment in yield over the life of the related loan.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 37 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued are designated as non-accruing loans.  The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when principal and/or interest is past due 90 days based on contractual terms of the loan and/or when, in the opinion of Management, there is reasonable doubt as to collectability unless such loans are well collateralized and in the process of collection.  When loans are placed on non-accrual status, all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income.  Interest income generally is not recognized on specific non-accruing loans unless the likelihood of further loss is remote.  Interest payments received on such loans are applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance.  Interest accruals are resumed on such loans only when they are brought current with respect to interest and principal and when, in the judgment of Management, all remaining principal and interest is estimated to be fully collectible, there has been at least six months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on non-accrual and/or Management believes, based on current information, that such loan is no longer impaired.

The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Measurement of impairment is based on the expected future cash flows of an impaired loan which are discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate, or measured by reference to an observable market value, if one exists, or the fair value of the collateral for a collateral-dependent loan.  The Company selects the measurement method on a loan-by-loan basis except that collateral-dependent loans for which foreclosure is probable are measured at the fair value of the collateral.  The Company recognizes interest income on impaired loans based on its existing methods of recognizing interest income on non-accrual loans.  All loans are generally charged-off at such time that it is highly certain a loss has been realized.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level which, in Management's judgment, is adequate to absorb credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date.  The amount of the allowance is based on Management's evaluation of the collectability of the loan portfolio, including the nature and volume of the portfolio, credit concentrations, trends in historical loss experience, the level of certain classified balances and specific impaired loans, and economic conditions and the related impact on specific borrowers and industry groups.  The allowance is increased by provisions for loan losses, which are charged to earnings and reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries.  Changes in the allowance relating to impaired loans are charged or credited to the provision for loan losses.  Because of uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, Management’s estimate of credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio and the related allowance may change.

As mentioned, loans are considered impaired if, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  In certain instances the Company may work with the borrower to modify the terms of the loan agreement or otherwise restructure the loan in a way that would allow the borrower to continue to perform under the modified terms of the loan agreement.  Loans such as these are considered impaired and require the Company to measure the amount of impairment, if any, at the time the loan is restructured.  The measurement of impaired loans is generally based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the historical effective interest rate stipulated in the loan agreement, except that all collateral-dependent loans are measured for impairment based on the fair value of the collateral less the cost to sell such collateral.  In measuring the fair value of the collateral, Management uses assumptions and methodologies consistent with those that would be utilized by unrelated third parties.  Allowances for impaired loans are generally determined based on collateral values or the present value of estimated cash flows.
 
As mentioned, changes in the financial condition of individual borrowers, economic conditions, historical loss experience and the condition of the various markets in which collateral may be sold may all affect the required level of the allowance for loan losses and the associated provision for loan losses.

Other Real Estate Owned

Real estate and other property acquired in full or partial settlement of loan obligations is referred to as other real estate owned (“OREO”).  OREO is originally recorded in the Company’s financial statements at fair value less any estimated costs to sell.  When property is acquired through foreclosure or surrendered in lieu of foreclosure, the Company measures the fair value of the property acquired against its recorded investment in the loan.  If the fair value of the property at the time of acquisition is less than the recorded investment in the loan, the difference is charged to the allowance for loan losses.  Any subsequent fluctuations in the fair value of OREO are recorded against a valuation allowance for foreclosed assets, established through a charge to non-interest expense.  All related operating or maintenance costs are charged to non-interest expense as incurred.  Any subsequent gains or losses on the sale of OREO are recorded in other income or expense as incurred.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 38 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Appraisals for Collateral Dependent Loans

Once a loan has been funded, the Company has a policy to perform an annual review of the borrower’s financial condition and of any real estate securing the loan.  This review includes, among other things, a physical inspection of the real estate securing the loan, an analysis of any related rent rolls, an analysis of all borrower and guarantor tax returns and financial statements.  This information is used internally by the Company to validate all covenants and the risk grade assigned to the loan.  If during the review process the Company learns of additional information that would suggest that the value of the collateral may be impaired from the original underwriting of the loan, or the most recent appraisal, an additional independent appraisal of the collateral is requested.  If based on the updated appraisal information it is determined the value of the collateral is impaired and the Company no longer expects to collect all previously determined amounts related to the loan as stipulated in the loan’s original agreement, the Company typically moves to establish a valuation allowance for such loans or charge-off such differences.  Once a loan is deemed to be impaired and/or the loan was downgraded to substandard status, the loan becomes the responsibility of the Company’s Special Assets department, which provides more diligent oversight of problem credits.  This oversight includes, among other things, a review of all previous appraisals of collateral securing such loans and determining in the Company’s best judgment if those appraisals still represent the current fair value of the loan.  Additional appraisals may be ordered at this time if deemed necessary.

Securities Available for Sale

In accordance with U.S. GAAP, securities  are classified in three categories and accounted for as follows:  debt and mortgage-backed securities that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and are measured at amortized cost; debt and equity securities bought and held principally for the purpose of selling in the near term are classified as trading securities and are measured at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings; debt and equity securities not classified as either held-to-maturity or trading securities are deemed as available-for-sale and are measured at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of applicable taxes, reported in a separate component of stockholders' equity.  The fair value of most securities that are designated available for sale are based on quoted market prices.  If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are extrapolated from the quoted prices of similar instruments or through the use of other observable data supporting a valuation model.  Gains or losses on sales of investment securities are determined on the specific identification method.  Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted using the interest method over the expected lives of the related securities.

Declines in the fair value of individual held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities below their cost that are other than temporary result in write-downs of individual securities to their fair value.  The related write-downs are included in earnings as realized losses. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment losses, Management considers: (1) the length of time the security has been in an unrealized loss position, (2) the extent to which the security’s fair value is less than its cost, (3) the financial condition of the issuer, (4) any adverse changes in ratings issued by various rating agencies, (5) the intent and ability of the Company to hold such securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value and (6) in the case of mortgage related securities, current cash flows, credit enhancements, loan-to-values, credit scores, delinquency and default rates.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

As discussed in the 2009 Annual Report, Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements, which was filed on Form 10-K, the Company assess goodwill and other intangible assets each year for impairment.  The Company’s assessment at December 31, 2009, pursuant to its Goodwill Impairment Testing Policy, was performed with the assistance of an independent third party and resulted in no impairment.

Deferred Tax Assets

Deferred income taxes reflect the tax effect of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the corresponding tax basis of assets and liabilities.  The Company uses an estimate of future earnings to support its position that the benefit of its deferred tax assets will be realized.  If future income should prove non-existent or less than the amount of the deferred tax assets within the tax years to which they may be applied, the asset may not be realized and a valuation allowance may be established and the Company’s net income will be reduced.  The Company performed an in depth analysis of its deferred tax assets to determine if the current carrying value would be realized in future periods during the third quarter of 2010.  Based on the Company’s analysis it determined that approximately $10.5 million of its deferred tax assets did not meet the “more likely than not” standard for realizability as of September 30, 2010.  Therefore the Company established a valuation allowance for this portion of its deferred tax assets.  Please see Note 5. Deferred Tax Assets of the consolidated financial statements, filed on this Form 10-Q for additional information related to its deferred tax assets and the related valuation allowance.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 39 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Results of Operations

The Company’s operating results for the three months ended September 30, 2010 when compared to the same period ended a year earlier were significantly impacted by higher provisions for income taxes, due to a $10.5 million valuation allowance established for a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets.  Exclusive of this charge, operating results for the third quarter of 2010 showed significant improvement due to a reduction in the provisions for loan losses.  Provisions for loan losses during the three months ended September 30, 2010 totaled approximately $4.4 million, representing a decrease of approximately $5.4 million from that reported in the same period ended a year earlier.  Provisions for loan losses made during the first nine months of 2010 totaled approximately $25.7 million and increased by $11.1 million when compared to the same period ended a year earlier; therefore the Company’s operating results on a year to date basis, remain below that experienced through September 30, 2009.  Net charge-offs were similar for the three month periods ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, however the amount of provision recorded during the third quarter of 2009 was significantly larger than that recorded during the third quarter of 2010 due to the need to increase the allowance for loan losses as a percentage of gross loans to an acceptable level.  Net charge-offs for 2010 on a year to date basis were nearly double the amount recorded for the first nine months of 2009, and when combined with increases in historical loan loss rates, continued weakness in the local and national economy and deterioration in asset quality, necessitated additional provisions for loan losses.  Please see “Provision for Loan Losses” of this Discussion and Analysis for additional information related to provision for loan losses.

Forgone interest on non-accrual loans continues to be a significant strain on interest income on a year to date basis, though this trend is stabilizing due to a deceleration in the volume of new non-accrual loans.  Total forgone interest related to impaired loans, which includes (1) the initial accrued interest reversal when a loan is transfered to non-accrual status, and (2) interest lost prospectively for the period of time a loan is on non-accrual status and lost interest due to restructuring terms below original note terms, was approximately $0.7 million and $2.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.

The Company’s earnings are highly influenced by changes in short term interest rates.  The nature of the Company’s balance sheet can be summarily described as of short duration and net asset sensitive. The balance sheet is of short duration because a large percentage of its interest sensitive assets and liabilities re-price immediately with changes in Federal Funds and Prime interest rates.  Contributing significantly to an asset sensitive balance sheet is a relatively large volume of non-interest bearing demand deposit accounts which effectively never re-price.  Therefore, an upward movement in short term interest rates will generally result in higher net interest margin and conversely, a reduction in short term interest rates will result in reduced net interest margin.

However, in the last two years interest rates have fallen to unprecedented levels and as a result a significant portion of loans in the Company’s loan portfolio are currently at their floors.  Given that current interest rates are considerably lower than most floors in the loan portfolio, the Company would need to see a notable rise in interest rates before the overall yield on the portfolio would begin to rise.  Additionally, as a result of promotions over the last two years designed to attract lower cost core deposits, the Company was able to significantly increase the level of floating rate liabilities in the form of money market and short term certificate accounts, bringing the balance sheet to a more neutral position regarding interest rate sensitivity.  This was instrumental in mitigating substantial year over year declines in the net interest margin as a result of dramatic declines in the overnight Federal Funds and Prime rates during 2008 which are still in place as of September 30, 2010.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, the net interest margin was 4.56%, 4.56%, 4.34%, 4.75%, respectively.  This represents an increase of 22 and a decline of 19 basis points when compared to that reported for the same periods ended a year earlier.  As mentioned, forgone interest related to loans the Company placed on non-accrual and rate concessions on TDRs negatively impacted the net interest margin in 2010, although less so in the third quarter of 2010 as compared to the third quarter of 2009.  For the third quarter and first nine months of 2010 interest reversals (related to loans placed on non-accrual during the period) negatively impacted the net interest margin by approximately 8 and 6 basis points.  Total forgone interest negatively impacted the net interest margin by approximately 32 and 33 basis points for the third quarter and the first nine months of 2010, respectively.  The shift in interest earning asset mix away from higher yielding loans to lower yielding securities has also begun to negatively impact the net interest margin which has resulted primarily due to loan principal repayments and loan portfolio amortization.  Average loans have decreased by $16.8 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same period a year earlier.  Additionally higher average balances of overnight liquidity in the form of federal funds sold and interest bearing due from placed added pressure on the margin as these investments yielded, on average, approximately 0.22% for the third quarter and 0.24% for the first nine months of 2010.

Net Interest Income and Margin

Net interest income, the primary component of the net earnings of a financial institution, refers to the difference between the interest paid on deposits and borrowings, and the interest earned on loans and investments.  The net interest margin is the amount of net interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets. Factors considered in the analysis of net interest income are the composition and volume of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, the amount of non-interest bearing liabilities and non-accrual loans, and changes in market interest rates.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 40 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The tables below set forth average balance sheet information, interest income and expense, average yields and rates and net interest income and margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009.  The average balance of non-accruing loans has been included in loan totals:

   
For the three months ending
   
For the three months ending
 
   
September 30, 2010
   
September 30, 2009
 
         
Yield/
   
Income/
         
Yield/
   
Income/
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
   
Rate (4)
   
Expense
   
Balance
   
Rate (4)
   
Expense
 
Interest Earning Assets:
                                   
Investments with other banks
  $ 119       1.41 %   $ -     $ 119       3.33 %   $ 1  
Interest bearing due from banks
    32,708       0.24 %     20       -       0.00 %     -  
Federal funds sold
    5,500       0.11 %     1       33,895       0.25 %     21  
Investment securities taxable
    178,833       3.29 %     1,483       75,563       4.66 %     888  
Investment securities non taxable
    28,080       4.15 %     294       22,653       4.33 %     247  
Loans (1) (2)
    697,053       6.21 %     10,908       713,810       5.95 %     10,703  
Total interest earning assets
    942,293       5.35 %     12,706       846,040       5.56 %     11,860  
                                                 
Allowance for possible loan losses
    (21,814 )                     (11,969 )                
Other assets
    88,315                       71,976                  
Total assets
  $ 1,008,794                     $ 906,047                  
                                                 
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
                                               
Interest bearing demand
  $ 66,885       0.27 %   $ 45     $ 67,825       0.92 %   $ 157  
Savings
    27,701       0.16 %     11       25,619       0.28 %     18  
Money market
    286,435       0.90 %     647       209,634       1.52 %     804  
Time deposits
    229,861       1.72 %     996       219,253       2.32 %     1,284  
Brokered money market funds
    954       0.83 %     2       2,826       0.70 %     5  
Brokered time deposits
    100       0.00 %     -       23,426       1.46 %     86  
Total interest bearing deposits
    611,936       1.10 %     1,701       548,583       1.70 %     2,354  
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing
    63,370       0.73 %     116       65,000       0.63 %     103  
Junior subordinated debentures
    8,248       2.26 %     47       13,403       4.08 %     138  
Total borrowed funds
    71,618       0.90 %     163       78,403       1.22 %     241  
Total interest bearing liabilities
    683,554       1.08 %     1,864       626,986       1.64 %     2,595  
Non interest bearing demand
    180,284                       178,293                  
Total funding
    863,838       0.86 %     1,864       805,279       1.28 %     2,595  
Other liabilities
    10,602                       8,490                  
Total liabilities
  $ 874,440                     $ 813,769                  
                                                 
Stockholders' Equity:
                                               
Preferred stock
  $ 23,253                     $ 19,288                  
Common stock
    101,162                       48,695                  
Additional paid in capital
    6,881                       3,125                  
Retained earnings
    2,728                       23,171                  
Valuation allowance investments
    330                       (2,001 )                
Total stockholders' equity
    134,354                       92,278                  
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  $ 1,008,794                     $ 906,047                  
                                                 
Net interest income
                  $ 10,842                     $ 9,265  
Net interest margin (3)
            4.56 %                     4.34 %        

(1)
Nonaccrual loans have been included in total loans.
(2)
Loan fees of $138 and $229 for the three months ending September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively have been included in interest income computation.
(3)
Net interest margin has been calculated by dividing the net interest income by total average earning assets.
(4)
Yield / Rate is annualized using actual number of days in period.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 41 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
   
For the nine months ending
   
For the nine months ending
 
   
September 30, 2010
   
September 30, 2009
 
         
Yield/
   
Income/
         
Yield/
   
Income/
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
   
Rate (4)
   
Expense
   
Balance
   
Rate (4)
   
Expense
 
Interest Earning Assets:
                                   
Investments with other banks
  $ 119       1.12 %   $ 1     $ 119       3.37 %   $ 3  
Interest bearing due from banks
    41,216       0.23 %     72       -       0.00 %     -  
Federal funds sold
    4,070       0.10 %     3       22,596       0.22 %     38  
Investment securities taxable
    149,588       3.57 %     3,989       59,614       4.66 %     2,077  
Investment securities non taxable
    22,956       4.60 %     789       19,763       4.34 %     641  
Loans (1) (2)
    717,571       6.24 %     33,478       705,187       6.31 %     33,266  
Total interest earning assets
    935,520       5.48 %     38,332       807,279       5.97 %     36,025  
                                                 
Allowance for possible loan losses
    (20,362 )                     (10,909 )                
Other assets
    79,515                       70,288                  
Total assets
  $ 994,673                     $ 866,658                  
                                                 
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
                                               
Interest bearing demand
  $ 72,987       0.58 %   $ 315     $ 64,524       0.72 %   $ 347  
Savings
    27,659       0.27 %     55       23,849       0.21 %     38  
Money market
    276,969       1.07 %     2,214       186,921       1.51 %     2,118  
Time deposits
    229,917       1.89 %     3,246       182,771       2.49 %     3,400  
Brokered money market funds
    985       0.68 %     5       25,387       0.72 %     137  
Brokered time deposits
    2,548       1.84 %     35       29,886       1.67 %     373  
Total interest bearing deposits
    611,065       1.28 %     5,870       513,338       1.67 %     6,413  
Federal funds purchased
    -       0.00 %     -       251       1.07 %     2  
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase
    -       0.00 %     -       870       0.15 %     1  
Other secured borrowing
    595       4.94 %     22       -       0.00 %     -  
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing
    64,451       0.64 %     308       80,982       0.81 %     492  
Junior subordinated debentures
    11,231       2.42 %     203       13,403       4.42 %     443  
Total borrowed funds
    76,277       0.93 %     533       95,506       1.31 %     938  
Total interest bearing liabilities
    687,342       1.25 %     6,403       608,844       1.61 %     7,351  
Non interest bearing demand
    176,401                       162,830                  
Total funding
    863,743       0.99 %     6,403       771,674       1.27 %     7,351  
Other liabilities
    9,265                       8,650                  
Total liabilities
  $ 873,008                     $ 780,324                  
                                                 
Stockholders' Equity:
                                               
Preferred stock
  $ 39,325                     $ 13,741                  
Common stock
    69,499                       48,673                  
Additional paid in capital
    4,778                       2,504                  
Retained earnings
    8,159                       23,166                  
Valuation allowance investments
    (96 )                     (1,750 )                
Total stockholders' equity
    121,665                       86,334                  
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
  $ 994,673                     $ 866,658                  
                                                 
Net interest income
                  $ 31,929                     $ 28,674  
Net interest margin (3)
            4.56 %                     4.75 %        

(1)
Nonaccrual loans have been included in total loans.
(2)
Loan fees of $496 and $711 for the nine months ending September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively have been included in interest income computation.
(3)
Net interest margin has been calculated by dividing the net interest income by total average earning assets.
(4)
Yield / Rate is annualized using actual number of days in period.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 42 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis


The tables below set forth changes in average interest earning assets and their respective yields for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2010 compared to that reported during the same periods ended in 2009:

   
Average Balance
               
Average Yield
       
   
for the three months ending
               
for the three months ending
       
   
September 30,
   
Variance
   
September 30,
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
   
2010
   
2009
   
Variance
 
Investments with other banks
  $ 119     $ 119     $ -       0.00 %     1.41 %     3.33 %     -1.92 %
Interest bearing due from banks
    32,708       -       32,708       100.00 %     0.24 %     0.00 %     0.24 %
Federal funds sold
    5,500       33,895       (28,395 )     -83.77 %     0.11 %     0.25 %     -0.14 %
Investment securities taxable
    178,833       75,563       103,270       136.67 %     3.29 %     4.66 %     -1.37 %
Investment securities non taxable
    28,080       22,653       5,427       23.96 %     4.15 %     4.33 %     -0.18 %
Loans (1) (2)
    697,053       713,810       (16,757 )     -2.35 %     6.21 %     5.95 %     0.26 %
                                                         
Total interest earning assets
  $ 942,293     $ 846,040     $ 96,253       11.38 %     5.35 %     5.56 %     -0.21 %

(1)
Nonaccrual loans have been included in total loans.
(2)
Loan fees of $138 and $229 for the three months ending September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively have been included in the interest income computation.

   
Average Balance
               
Average Yield
       
   
for the nine months ending
               
for the nine months ending
       
   
September 30,
   
Variance
   
September 30,
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
   
2010
   
2009
   
Variance
 
Investments with other banks
  $ 119     $ 119     $ -       0.00 %     1.12 %     3.37 %     -2.25 %
Interest bearing due from banks
    41,216       -       41,216       100.00 %     0.23 %     0.00 %     0.23 %
Federal funds sold
    4,070       22,596       (18,526 )     -81.99 %     0.10 %     0.22 %     -0.12 %
Investment securities taxable
    149,588       59,614       89,974       150.93 %     3.57 %     4.66 %     -1.10 %
Investment securities non taxable
    22,956       19,763       3,193       16.16 %     4.60 %     4.34 %     0.26 %
Loans (1) (2)
    717,571       705,187       12,384       1.76 %     6.24 %     6.31 %     -0.07 %
                                                         
Total interest earning assets
  $ 935,520     $ 807,279     $ 128,241       15.89 %     5.48 %     5.97 %     -0.49 %

(1)
Nonaccrual loans have been included in total loans.
(2)
Loan fees of $496 and $711 for the nine months ending September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively have been included in the interest income computation.

At September 30, 2010, average interest earning assets were approximately $96.3 million and $128.2 million higher than that reported over the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.  The primary driver behind the increase in average interest earning assets was the growth in the Company’s securities portfolio, which increased by $108.7 million and $93.2 million for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2010.  Increases of average balances on the securities portfolio during the third quarter of 2010 offset the $16.8 million decrease in average loan balances as compared to the same period a year earlier.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2010 average loans contributed an additional $12.4 million and average interest bearing due from and federal funds sold contributed an additional $22.7 million to the increase in average interest earning assets as compared to the same period a year earlier.

Increases in interest bearing due from balances as well as investment securities is primarily the result of a $42.1 million year over year increase in deposit balances in addition to approximately $60.0 million in gross proceeds the Company raised in its March 2010 private placement.  The yield on earning assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 was 5.35% and 5.48% compared to 5.56% and 5.97% for the same periods ended a year earlier.  The year over year decline in the yield on earning assets can be attributed to several factors including the impact of interest reversals and forgone interest on non-accruing loans and lost interest due to TDR rate and term concessions, as well as a significant increase in the level of lower yielding short term investment balances.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 the yield on the loan portfolio was 6.21% and 6.24% or 26 basis points higher and 7 basis points lower than that reported for the same periods ended a year earlier.  The increase in quarterly yield on the loan portfolio can be attributed to both a $1.0 million reduction in the quarterly amount of interest reversals on loans transferred to non-accrual status during the third quarter of 2010, as compared to the third quarter of 2009, and a year over year reduction in the balance of non-accrual loans of approximately $12.6 million or 32.0%.  The decrease in loan portfolio yield for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 can be attributed to greater amounts of forgone interest on non-accrual loans and TDRs for the first nine months of 2010 as compared to the same period a year earlier.  Forgone interest for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 were approximately $0.7 million and $2.4 million, respectively and reduced the yield on the loan portfolio by 42 basis points for both periods.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 43 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Throughout the last twelve months the Company has sought to maintain considerable levels of on-balance sheet liquidity through its continued focus on core deposit gathering while operating in a challenging economic environment.  While the Company’s liquidity position was enhanced markedly over the last twelve months as a result of this initiative, this trend has placed some pressure on earning asset yields as a significant portion of these funds have been invested overnight in the form of interest bearing balances due from the Federal Reserve and federal funds sold.  These investments yield considerably less than what the Company might otherwise earn if those funds were invested in loans.  As previously discussed, average loan balances, while still showing an increase on a year over year basis of $12.4 million, actually contracted for the three months ended September 30, 2010 by $16.8 million as compared to the third quarter of 2009.  New loan originations have slowed due in part to a decline in loan demand and fewer loans that meet the Company’s underwriting criteria in the current economic environment.  As a result, in an effort to maximize the yield on interest earning assets in the absence of significant new loan originations, the Company has been making selective purchases of relatively short term, agency-backed, cash flow generating, mortgage securities over the last twelve months.  These purchases account for the majority of the year over year increase in the average balance of the investment portfolio and the decline in the overall yield of taxable investment securities as they currently yield considerably less than other investments in the portfolio.  These relatively short term investments have allowed the Company to maximize yields on excess liquidity while ensuring adequate cash flow to support potential loan growth in future periods.

The tables below set forth changes in average interest bearing liabilities and their respective rates for the three and nine month periods ending September 30, 2010 compared to that reported during the same periods ended in 2009:

   
Average Balance
               
Average Rate
       
   
for the three months ending
               
for the three months ending
       
   
September 30,
   
Variance
   
September 30,
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
   
2010
   
2009
   
Variance
 
Interest bearing demand
  $ 66,885     $ 67,825     $ (940 )     -1.39 %     0.27 %     0.92 %     -0.65 %
Savings
    27,701       25,619       2,082       8.13 %     0.16 %     0.28 %     -0.12 %
Money market
    286,435       209,634       76,801       36.64 %     0.90 %     1.52 %     -0.62 %
Time deposits
    229,861       219,253       10,608       4.84 %     1.72 %     2.32 %     -0.60 %
Brokered money market funds
    954       2,826       (1,872 )     -66.24 %     0.83 %     0.70 %     0.13 %
Brokered time deposits
    100       23,426       (23,326 )     -99.57 %     0.00 %     1.46 %     -1.46 %
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing
    63,370       65,000       (1,630 )     -2.51 %     0.73 %     0.63 %     0.10 %
Junior subordinated debentures
    8,248       13,403       (5,155 )     -38.46 %     2.26 %     4.08 %     -1.82 %
                                                         
Total interest bearing liabilities
  $ 683,554     $ 626,986     $ 56,568       9.02 %     1.08 %     1.64 %     -0.56 %
 
   
Average Balance
               
Average Rate
       
   
for the nine months ending
               
for the nine months ending
       
   
September 30,
   
Variance
   
September 30,
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
   
2010
   
2009
   
Variance
 
Interest bearing demand
  $ 72,987     $ 64,524     $ 8,463       13.12 %     0.58 %     0.72 %     -0.14 %
Savings
    27,659       23,849       3,810       15.98 %     0.27 %     0.21 %     0.06 %
Money market
    276,969       186,921       90,048       48.17 %     1.07 %     1.51 %     -0.44 %
Time deposits
    229,917       182,771       47,146       25.80 %     1.89 %     2.49 %     -0.60 %
Brokered money market funds
    985       25,387       (24,402 )     -96.12 %     0.68 %     0.72 %     -0.04 %
Brokered time deposits
    2,548       29,886       (27,338 )     -91.47 %     1.84 %     1.67 %     0.17 %
Federal funds purchased
    -       251       (251 )     -100.00 %     0.00 %     1.07 %     -1.07 %
Securities sold under repurchase agreements
    -       870       (870 )     -100.00 %     0.00 %     0.15 %     -0.15 %
Other secured borrowing
    595       -       595       100.00 %     4.94 %     0.00 %     4.94 %
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing
    64,451       80,982       (16,531 )     -20.41 %     0.64 %     0.81 %     -0.17 %
Junior subordinated debentures
    11,231       13,403       (2,172 )     -16.21 %     2.42 %     4.42 %     -2.00 %
                                                         
Total interest bearing liabilities
  $ 687,342     $ 608,844     $ 78,498       12.89 %     1.25 %     1.61 %     -0.36 %

At September 30, 2010, the average balance of interest bearing liabilities was approximately $56.6 million and $78.5 million higher than that reported over the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.  Year over year increases in the average balance of interest bearing liabilities can be attributed in large part to higher money market, time deposits as well as interest bearing demand.  The Company attributes strong year over year deposit growth within these categories to several factors including promotional efforts to attract and retain core deposits.  This initiative allowed the Company to pay-down FHLB borrowings and average brokered deposits of approximately $26.8 million and $68.3 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010, respectively, thereby relying less on non-core funding sources.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 44 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The significant increases in floating rate deposit balances over the last year and the ability to re-price those funds as needed, as well as year over year increases in non-interest bearing demand deposits assisted the Company in keeping its overall cost of funding down and mitigating the decline in interest earning asset yields.  At September 30, 2010 approximately $447.3 million or 65.6% of the Company’s interest bearing liabilities possess a floating rate.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 the average rate paid on interest bearing liabilities was 1.08% and 1.25%, respectively, down 56 and 36 basis points from that reported for the same periods ended a year earlier.  The year over year decline can be attributed in part to increases in lower cost core deposit balances, the absence of higher cost brokered time deposits and the re-pricing of money market and time deposits.

The volume and rate variances table below sets forth the dollar difference in interest earned and paid for each major category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 over the same periods ended in 2009, and the amount of such change attributable to changes in average balances (volume) or changes in average yields and rates:

   
For the three months ended
   
For the nine months ended
 
   
September 30, 2010 over 2009
   
September 30, 2010 over 2009
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Volume
   
Rate
   
Total
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Total
 
Interest Income:
                                   
Investments with other banks
  $ -     $ (1 )   $ (1 )   $ -     $ (2 )   $ (2 )
Interest bearing due from Federal Reserve
    20       -       20       72       -       72  
Federal funds sold
    (12 )     (8 )     (20 )     (21 )     (14 )     (35 )
Investment securities taxable
    919       (324 )     595       2,499       (587 )     1,912  
Investment securities non-taxable (2)
    87       -       87       162       2       164  
Taxable equivalent adjustment (2)
    (30 )     (10 )     (40 )     (55 )     39       (16 )
Loans (1)
    (254 )     459       205       589       (377 )     212  
                                                 
Net increase / (decrease)
    730       116       846       3,246       (939 )     2,307  
                                                 
Interest expense:
                                               
Savings, NOW, money market
    211       (487 )     (276 )     792       (711 )     81  
Time deposits
    59       (347 )     (288 )     771       (925 )     (154 )
Brokered funds
    (60 )     (29 )     (89 )     (565 )     95       (470 )
Federal funds purchased
    -       -       -       (1 )     (1 )     (2 )
Other secured borrowings
    -       -       -       22       -       22  
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase
    -       -       -       (1 )     -       (1 )
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowing
    (3 )     16       13       (90 )     (94 )     (184 )
Long term debt
    (42 )     (49 )     (91 )     (63 )     (177 )     (240 )
                                                 
Net increase / (decrease)
    165       (896 )     (731 )     865       (1,813 )     (948 )
                                                 
Total net increase / (decrease)
  $ 565     $ 1,012     $ 1,577     $ 2,381     $ 874     $ 3,255  

(1)
Includes loan fees of $138 and $229 for the three months ending September 30, 2010 and 2009 and $496 and $711 for the nine months ending September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
(2)
Adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent basis using a tax rate of 34%.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 45 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Non-Interest Income

The tables below set forth changes in non-interest income for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 compared to the same periods ended in 2009:

   
For the three months ended
             
   
September 30,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
 
Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 581     $ 750     $ (169 )     -22.5 %
ATM/Debit and credit card transaction/interchange fees
    333       253       80       31.6 %
Bancard
    53       48       5       10.4 %
Mortgage origination fees
    631       245       386       157.6 %
Earnings on bank owned life insurance
    143       124       19       15.3 %
Other commissions and fees
    93       92       1       1.1 %
Net OTTI impairment losses on investment securities
    (106 )     -       (106 )     -100.0 %
Gain on sale of investment securities
    807       211       596       282.5 %
Loss on sale of OREO
    (28 )     (200 )     172       86.0 %
Gain on sale of SBA loans
    -       70       (70 )     -100.0 %
                                 
Total non-interest income
  $ 2,507     $ 1,593     $ 914       57.4 %

   
For the nine months ended
             
   
September 30,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
 
Service charges on deposit accounts
  $ 1,820     $ 2,214     $ (394 )     -17.8 %
ATM/Debit and credit card transaction/interchange fees
    915       723       192       26.6 %
Bancard
    137       140       (3 )     -2.1 %
Mortgage origination fees
    1,432       910       522       57.4 %
Earnings on bank owned life insurance
    437       369       68       18.4 %
Other commissions and fees
    360       325       35       10.8 %
Net OTTI impairment losses on investment securities
    (106 )     -       (106 )     -100.0 %
Gain on extinguishment of debt
    1,700       -       1,700       100.0 %
Gain on sale of investment securities
    710       333       377       113.2 %
Gain / (loss) on sale of OREO
    34       (331 )     365       110.3 %
Gain on sale of furniture fixtures and equipment
    58       -       58       100.0 %
Gain on sale of SBA loans
    209       70       139       198.6 %
                                 
Total non-interest income
  $ 7,706     $ 4,753     $ 2,953       62.1 %

Non-interest income totaled approximately $2.5 million and $7.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010, representing an increase of approximately $0.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively when compared to the same periods ended a year earlier.  The drivers which contributed to the increase of non-interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same period ended a year earlier, were an increase in gains on sale of investment securities of $0.6 million, an increase of $0.4 million in mortgage origination fee income, and a reduction in the loss on sale of OREO of $0.2 million.  These quarterly increases were partially offset by decreases in service charges on deposit accounts of $0.2 million, and by an OTTI impairment charge on a specific bond in the investment portfolio of $0.1 million.  The most significant component of the year to date increase in non-interest income as compared to the first nine months of 2009 was the $1.7 million pre-tax gain on the extinguishment of $5.0 million in junior subordinated debentures during the second quarter of 2010.  Other significant contributors on a year to date basis included an increase of $0.5 million in mortgage origination fee income, an increase in gains on sale of investment securities of $0.4 million, an increase in the gain on sale of OREO of $0.4 million, and an increase of $0.2 million in ATM/Debit and credit card transaction and interchange fees.  This year over year increases were partially offset by decreases in service charges on deposit accounts of $0.4 million, and by an OTTI impairment charge on a specific bond in the investment portfolio of $0.1 million.

The Company attributes the decline in service charge income to better cash management practices of business clients in the current economic environment.  Higher transaction/interchange income is attributable to greater focus on debit card usage in conjunction with additional core relationships the Company obtained over the last twelve months.  The Company also saw an increase in earnings on bank owned life insurance which can be attributed to additional policies the Company purchased in the second half of 2009 for certain executive officers.

Mortgage origination fees increased considerably during the third quarter and first nine months of 2010 from that reported a year earlier.  This can be attributed to a reduction in origination expenses the Company realized during the first nine months of 2010.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 46 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The tables below illustrate the change in the number and total dollar volume of mortgage loans originated during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 when compared to the same periods ended in 2009:

   
For the three months ended
September 30,
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
Variance
 
Dollar volume
  $ 45,765     $ 38,993       17.4 %
Number of loans
    128       99       29.3 %

   
For the nine months ended
September 30,
       
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
Variance
 
Dollar volume
  $ 114,280     $ 127,680       -10.5 %
Number of loans
    327       377       -13.3 %

Non-Interest Expenses

The tables below set forth changes in non-interest expenses for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 compared to the same periods ended in 2009:

   
For the three months ended
             
   
September 30,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
 
Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 4,799     $ 3,969     $ 830       20.9 %
Occupancy
    966       843       123       14.6 %
Equipment
    433       365       68       18.6 %
Promotional
    173       191       (18 )     -9.4 %
Data processing
    497       687       (190 )     -27.7 %
Stationery and supplies
    114       111       3       2.7 %
Regulatory fees
    669       851       (182 )     -21.4 %
Audit and tax costs
    143       182       (39 )     -21.4 %
Amortization of core deposit intangible
    128       262       (134 )     -51.1 %
Director fees
    132       80       52       65.0 %
Communications
    99       76       23       30.3 %
Loan department
    943       1,844       (901 )     -48.9 %
Other
    778       790       (12 )     -1.5 %
                                 
Total non interest expense
  $ 9,874     $ 10,251     $ (377 )     -3.7 %

   
For the nine months ended
             
   
September 30,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
 
Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 13,528     $ 11,517     $ 2,011       17.5 %
Occupancy
    2,840       2,521       319       12.7 %
Equipment
    1,131       1,066       65       6.1 %
Promotional
    525       517       8       1.5 %
Data processing
    1,832       2,049       (217 )     -10.6 %
Stationery and supplies
    343       314       29       9.2 %
Regulatory fees
    1,971       1,531       440       28.7 %
Audit and tax costs
    428       477       (49 )     -10.3 %
Amortization of core deposit intangible
    385       787       (402 )     -51.1 %
Director fees
    388       243       145       59.7 %
Communications
    260       199       61       30.7 %
Loan department
    1,675       2,356       (681 )     -28.9 %
Other
    2,262       2,113       149       7.1 %
                                 
Total non interest expense
  $ 27,568     $ 25,690     $ 1,878       7.3 %

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 47 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Salary and Employee Benefits

Salaries and employee related expenses increased approximately $0.8 million and $2.0 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 when compared to that reported in the same periods ended a year earlier.  The expansion of the Company’s management team in conjunction with additions to the Company’s special assets department contributed to the year over year increase within this category.  Salaries and benefits increases on a quarterly and year to date basis resulted from: a) the expansion of the Company’s executive management team; b) additional staff added to the special assets department; c) adjustments to accrued compensation balances which resulted from enhancements made to the Company’s reporting mechanisms, and to policy changes, which impacted those balances; and d) increases in group insurance benefits, which have risen 19.3% and 25.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to the same periods a year earlier.

Occupancy Expenses

Increases within this category are primarily attributable to annual increases in rental expense as well as the absence of sublease rental income associated with the relocation of one branch office.

Promotion Expenses

Promotional expenses declined slightly in the third quarter of 2010 from that reported in the same period a year ago.  The decline in the second quarter can be attributed in part to Management’s efforts to contain costs within certain areas of the Company. Promotional costs increased slightly during the first nine months of 2010, primarily the result of increased costs incurred during the first quarter associated with promotional efforts designed to attract and retain core deposit balances.

Regulatory Fees

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, regulatory fees totaled approximately $0.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively.  This represents a decrease of approximately $0.2 million and $0.4 million over that reported for the same three and nine month periods ended in 2009.  Year over year increases within this category can be attributed in large part to higher FDIC insurance costs, due both to a change in the Company’s risk ratings and to increases in average deposit balances.  The Company currently anticipates regulatory assessment costs to remain elevated throughout 2010.

Core Deposit Intangible (“CDI”) Amortization

Upon the acquisition of Business First, the Company booked a CDI in the approximate amount of $3.8 million.  The balance of this intangible is being amortized over a six year period pursuant to a schedule provided in the initial valuation process.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 CDI amortization was approximately $0.1 million and $0.4 million lower than that reported for the same periods ended in 2009.  Substantially all of the year over year variance can be attributed to CDI amortization associated with the Business First acquisition.

Loan Department Costs

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, loan department costs increased approximately $0.9 million and $0.7 million from that reported in the same periods ended a year earlier.  Decreases in loan department costs for both the nine months and third quarter ended September 30, 2010 were primarily a result of the decrease in both write-downs of OREO to fair market value and the legal fees and other costs of OREO sales

Data Processing

Data processing charges decreased by $0.2 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared that reported in the same periods a year earlier.  The Company was able to renegotiate the terms of its core processing service contract which lead to significant reductions of the contract service fee during the third quarter of 2010.

Provision for Income Taxes

For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010 the Company recorded an income tax expense of approximately $10.0 million and $4.4 million, respectively.  This compares to the $3.9 million and $3.2 million of income tax benefit the Company recorded for the same periods ended in 2009.  The year over year variances for both the third quarter and first nine months of 2010 can be attributed to a $10.5 million valuation allowance the Company established in the third quarter of 2010 for a portion of its deferred tax assets.  The Company’s effective tax rate was 1,078.7% and 32.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010.  The effective tax rate for the same periods ended a year earlier was (42.7%) and (46.8%), respectively.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 48 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
U.S. GAAP requires that companies assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against their deferred tax assets based on the consideration of all available evidence using a “more likely than not” standard.  The results of the Company’s third quarter 2010 analysis concerning the realizability of its deferred tax assets indicated it was more likely than not the Company would not be able to realize approximately $10.5 million of its deferred tax assets and thus a corresponding valuation allowance was established.  Please see Note 5. Deferred Tax Assets of the consolidated financial statements, filed on this Form 10-Q for additional information concerning the Company’s deferred tax assets.

The deferred tax asset will be analyzed quarterly for changes affecting realizability and the valuation allowance may be adjusted in future periods accordingly.

Provision for Loan Losses

An allowance for loan losses has been established by Management to provide for those loans that may not be repaid in their entirety for a variety of reasons.  The allowance is maintained at a level considered by Management to be adequate to provide for probable incurred losses.  The allowance is increased by provisions charged to earnings and is reduced by charge-offs, net of recoveries.  The provision for loan losses is based upon Management’s analysis of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, which includes, among other things, an analysis of past loan loss experience and Management’s evaluation of the loan portfolio under current economic conditions.

The Company recognizes that credit losses will be experienced and the risk of loss will vary with, among other things: general economic conditions; the type of loan being made; the creditworthiness of the borrower over the term of the loan and in the case of a collateralized loan, the quality of the collateral for such loan.  The allowance for loan losses represents the Company’s best estimate of the allowance necessary to provide for probable estimable losses in the portfolio as of the balance sheet date. In making this determination, the Company analyzes the ultimate collectability of loans in the portfolio by incorporating feedback provided by internal loan staff, Management’s findings from internal loan reviews, findings from an independent semi-annual loan review function, and information provided by examinations performed by regulatory agencies.  The Company makes monthly evaluations as to the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses and makes adjustments to the related provision for loan losses accordingly.

The Company accounts for problem loans in accordance with accounting guidance provided under U.S. GAAP.  U.S. GAAP provides that when it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the terms of the loan that such loan is deemed impaired.  Impaired loans are accounted for differently in that the amount of the impairment is measured and reflected in the records of the creditor.  The allowance for loan losses related to loans that are identified for evaluation in accordance with accounting guidance under U.S. GAAP is based on discounted cash flows using the loan’s historical effective interest rate stipulated in the loan agreement or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral dependent loans.  When the Company determines a loan to be impaired, an analysis is performed to determine the extent of the impairment and specific reserves may be established for such loans, which in many cases requires the Company to make additional provisions for loan losses in addition to any provisions required under Management’s monthly analysis of the adequacy of the allowance, exclusive of the impact that such impaired loans may have on the required balance of the allowance and the related provision for loan losses.

The allowance for loan losses is based on estimates, and ultimate losses will vary from current estimates.  These estimates are reviewed monthly by the Company’s Directors, Loan Committee and full Board of Directors, and as adjustments, either positive or negative, become necessary, a corresponding increase or decrease is made in the provision for loan losses.  The methodology used to determine the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses and any resulting provision for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 is consistent with prior periods.

The Company’s provision for loan losses was $4.4 million in the third quarter of 2010 and approximately $25.7 million for the first nine months of 2010.  This represents a decrease of $5.4 million and an increase of approximately $11.1 million as compared to the amounts reported for the same periods ended a year earlier.  Increased provisions for loan losses can be attributed to: the replenishment of the allowance for loan losses related to write-downs incurred within the Company’s commercial and industrial, commercial real estate and land loan portfolios; to downgrades of certain large credits; and to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses given the current level of historical charge-offs.  However, the Company recorded 54.9% less in provision for loan losses during the third quarter of 2010 as compared with the same quarter a year earlier, demonstrating a deceleration in the amount of required provisions for loan losses.  As of September 30, 2010 the Company’s allowance for loan losses represented 3.20% of total gross loans.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 49 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The Company employs the use of a “watch list” and loan grading system to assist in monitoring the quality of certain credits in the loan portfolio.  As loans on the watch list and any other loan within the portfolio experience deterioration, the Company typically moves to downgrade such loans, resulting in an increase in the required allowance to cover any potential losses.  During 2009 and into the first nine months of 2010, the Company further expanded the list of credits it has placed on the watch list in an effort to add additional oversight and to more closely scrutinize certain groups of loans that have experienced deterioration as a result of, among other things, the continued weakened state of local, state and national economic environments.  Management believes the significant economic downturn witnessed during the last two years has had a considerable impact on the ability of certain borrowers to satisfy their obligations to the Company, resulting in continued watch list expansion, loan downgrades and corresponding increases in loan loss provisions.  At September 30, 2010 the balance of loans the Company has graded “substandard” totaled approximately $58.5 million of which approximately $26.8 million were non-accruing.  When compared to the $75.4 million in substandard balances as of December 31, 2009, substandard balances declined approximately $16.9 million. The year to date decline in substandard balances can be attributed in part to $20.3 million of charge-offs of certain non-accruing loans, $12.1 million of transfers to OREO status as well as credit upgrades of $3.7 million following workouts with various borrowers.

The Company also makes estimates as to the impact that certain economic factors will have on various credits within the portfolio.  Negative economic trends witnessed during 2008 and 2009 have continued in 2010 and contributed substantially to increases in the required allowance to cover potential losses in the loan portfolio, resulting in year over year increases in loan loss provisions.

Charge-offs during the three and nine months ended September  30, 2010 totaled approximately $5.1 million and $20.3 million, respectively.  This represents an increase of approximately $0.1 million and $11.2 million when compared to that reported for the same periods ended a year earlier.  Net charge-offs to average loans were 0.71% and 2.58% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2010, compared to the 0.70% and 1.29% reported for the same periods ended a year earlier.  During 2009 the majority of charge-offs occurred in the commercial and industrial, agriculture, construction and land segments of the loan portfolio.  The majority of charge-offs in the first nine months of 2010 continued in the categories of commercial and industrial as well as construction and land loans.  Losses within these segments in conjunction with the downgrade of certain large credits contributed further to the additional provisions the Company made to the allowance for loan losses during the first nine months of 2010.  Continued increases in the level of charge-offs, elevated levels of substandard and non-performing loans in conjunction with any further significant downturn in economic conditions in future periods may result in further significant provisions to the allowance for loan losses.

Looking forward into the remainder of 2010, Management anticipates there to be continued weakness in economic conditions on national, state and local levels compared to historical periods.  Many economic forecasts suggest unemployment levels to remain elevated for some time, which will undoubtedly place continued pressure on conditions within the Company’s primary market area.  Continued economic pressures may negatively impact the financial condition of borrowers to whom the Company has extended credit and as a result the Company may be required to make further significant provisions to the allowance for loan losses during 2010.  That said, Management has and will continue to be proactive in looking for signs of deterioration within the loan portfolio in an effort to manage credit quality and work with borrowers where possible to mitigate any further losses.

Financial Condition

At September 30, 2010 total assets were approximately $990.5 million.  This represents an increase of approximately $45.4 million or 4.8% over that reported at December 31, 2009.  The increase in total assets is primarily attributable to higher balances in the investments portfolio as well as higher interest bearing due from balances, resulting from the receipt of approximately $60.0 million in gross proceeds from the Company’s March 2010 private placement and a $20.2 million year to date increase in total deposits.

At September 30, 2010, total deposits were approximately $795.6 million or approximately $20.2 million higher than that reported at December 31, 2009.  Net of a $10.4 million pay-down in brokered funds, total deposits increased approximately $30.5 million.  Deposit growth was across all categories except for interest bearing demand with the majority of the year to date increase attributable to increases in time deposits, non-interest bearing demand, and money market balances.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 50 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Loans

At September 30, 2010 total gross loan balances were $673.9 million.  This represents a decline of approximately $54.8 million or 7.5% from the $728.7 million reported at December 31, 2009.  Pay-downs in the commercial real estate, commercial and industrial and construction and land segments in conjunction with charge-offs and transfers to foreclosed collateral  associated with the work through of certain problem credits, combined with lower overall loan demand, contributed to the year to date decline in loan balances.

The following table provides a summary of year to date variances in the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2010:

   
September 30,
   
December 31,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
 
Real Estate Secured
                       
Multi-family residential
  $ 20,475     $ 20,631     $ (156 )     -0.76 %
Residential 1 to 4 family
    23,358       25,483       (2,125 )     -8.34 %
Home equity line of credit
    30,627       29,780       847       2.84 %
Commercial
    343,753       337,940       5,813       1.72 %
Farmland
    15,364       13,079       2,285       17.47 %
Commercial
                               
Commercial and industrial
    139,672       157,270       (17,598 )     -11.19 %
Agriculture
    14,746       17,698       (2,952 )     -16.68 %
Other
    194       238       (44 )     -18.49 %
Construction
                               
Single family residential
    8,972       15,538       (6,566 )     -42.26 %
Single family residential - Spec.
    2,789       3,400       (611 )     -17.97 %
Tract
    -       2,215       (2,215 )     -100.00 %
Multi-family
    1,870       2,300       (430 )     -18.70 %
Hospitality
    -       14,306       (14,306 )     -100.00 %
Commercial
    32,307       27,128       5,179       19.09 %
Land
    32,167       52,793       (20,626 )     -39.07 %
Installment loans to individuals
    7,129       8,327       (1,198 )     -14.39 %
All other loans (including overdrafts)
    459       553       (94 )     -17.00 %
                                 
Total loans, gross
    673,882       728,679       (54,797 )     -7.52 %
                                 
Deferred loan fees
    1,605       1,825       (220 )     -12.05 %
Reserve for possible loan losses
    21,571       14,372       7,199       50.09 %
                                 
Total loans, net
  $ 650,706     $ 712,482     $ (61,776 )     -8.67 %
                                 
Loans held for sale
  $ 12,374     $ 9,487     $ 2,887       30.43 %

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 51 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Real Estate Secured

The following table provides a break-down of the real estate secured segment of the Company’s loan portfolio as of September 30, 2010:

   
September 30, 2010
         
Percent of
         
Single
 
         
Undisbursed
   
Total Bank
   
Percent
   
Bank's Risk
   
Number
   
Largest
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
   
Commitment
   
Exposure
   
Composition
   
Based Capital
   
of Loans
   
Loan
 
Retail
  $ 39,388     $ 2,168     $ 41,556       9.1 %     33.5 %     54     $ 5,000  
Professional
    74,919       236       75,155       16.4 %     63.8 %     96       10,000  
Hospitality
    90,970       220       91,190       19.9 %     77.5 %     47       10,692  
Multi-family
    20,475       -       20,475       4.5 %     17.4 %     21       3,128  
Home equity lines of credit
    30,627       20,192       50,819       11.1 %     26.1 %     319       1,680  
Residential 1 to 4 family
    23,358       839       24,197       5.3 %     19.9 %     72       2,400  
Farmland
    15,364       353       15,717       3.4 %     13.1 %     24       2,893  
Healthcare / medical
    17,594       59       17,653       3.9 %     15.0 %     31       2,155  
Restaurants
    7,013       -       7,013       1.5 %     6.0 %     12       2,541  
Commercial
    99,301       535       99,836       21.8 %     84.6 %     127       5,000  
Other
    14,568       172       14,740       3.1 %     12.4 %     25       2,100  
                                                         
Total real estate secured
  $ 433,577     $ 24,774     $ 458,351       100.0 %     369.3 %     828     $ 47,589  

As of September 30, 2010, real estate secured balances represented approximately $433.6 million or 64.3% of total gross loans.  When compared to that reported at December 31, 2009, this represents an increase of approximately $6.7 million or 1.6%.  The primary factor behind the year to date increase can be attributed to the completion of several large hospitality construction projects and their subsequent re-classification to the commercial real estate segment.

At September 30, 2010, real estate secured balances represented 369.3% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital, compared to the 524.1% reported at December 31, 2009.  Total commitments as a percentage of the Bank’s total risk-based capital were 390.3% at September 30, 2010, compared to 556.1% reported at December 31, 2009.  The significant decline in these ratios can be attributed to the additional capital the Company raised in a private placement during the first six months of 2010 and subsequent down-stream of $48.0 million to the Bank.

At September 30, 2010, approximately $165.7 million or 38.2% of the real estate secured segment of the loan portfolio was considered owner occupied.

Capitalization rates, the rate at which a stream of cash flows are discounted to find their present value, on commercial properties in our primary market area for the last three years were as follows: 5.5% to 9.0% in 2009, 4.5% to 8.0% in 2008 and 6.0% to 7.0% in 2007.  An uptick in capitalization rates, as indicated above, would indicate that we are seeing pressure on commercial real estate prices within our market, primarily resulting from weakened economic conditions.

In September 2004, the Company issued an $11.7 million irrevocable standby letter of credit to guarantee the payment of taxable variable rate demand bonds that has since been reduced to $11.4 million.  The primary purpose of the bond issue was to refinance existing debt and provide funds for capital improvement and expansion of an assisted living facility.  The project is 100% complete and substantially leased.  The letter of credit was renewed in September 2010 and will expire in September 2011.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 52 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Commercial

The following table provides a break-down of the commercial and industrial segment of the Company’s commercial loan portfolio as of September 30, 2010:

   
September 30, 2010
         
Percent of
         
Single
 
         
Undisbursed
   
Total Bank
   
Percent
   
Bank's Risk
   
Number
   
Largest
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
   
Commitment
   
Exposure
   
Composition
   
Based Capital
   
of Loans
   
Loan
 
Agriculture
  $ 2,212     $ 3,465     $ 5,677       2.6 %     1.9 %     32     $ 2,000  
Oil / Gas and Utilities
    1,627       1,847       3,474       1.6 %     1.4 %     11       1,161  
Construction
    21,655       21,606       43,261       20.0 %     18.4 %     156       5,438  
Manufacturing
    6,562       12,568       19,130       8.9 %     5.6 %     85       1,675  
Wholesale and retail
    11,957       5,376       17,333       8.0 %     10.2 %     109       1,148  
Transportation and warehousing
    2,302       441       2,743       1.3 %     2.0 %     30       596  
Media & information services
    7,302       1,645       8,947       4.1 %     6.2 %     21       4,500  
Financial services
    7,260       1,951       9,211       4.3 %     6.2 %     45       1,500  
Real-estate / rental and leasing
    15,755       8,507       24,262       11.2 %     13.4 %     87       3,500  
Professional services
    18,503       7,594       26,097       12.1 %     15.8 %     139       2,000  
Healthcare / medical & social services
    17,542       7,525       25,067       11.6 %     14.9 %     109       4,900  
Restaurants and hospitality
    22,525       2,332       24,857       11.5 %     19.2 %     108       6,000  
All other
    4,470       1,453       5,923       2.8 %     3.8 %     156       1,200  
                                                         
Commercial and industrial
  $ 139,672     $ 76,310     $ 215,982       100.0 %     119.0 %     1,088     $ 35,618  

At September 30, 2010, commercial and industrial loans represented approximately $139.7 million or 20.7% of total gross loan balances.  This represents a decline of approximately $17.6 million or 11.2%.  The year to date decline can be attributed to several large pay-downs of various business lines of credit as well as charge-offs totaling approximately $11.3 million during the first nine months of 2010.

At September 30, 2010 total commercial and industrial balances represented 119.0% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital, compared to the 193.1% reported at December 31, 2009.  Total commercial and industrial commitments as a percentage of the Bank’s total risk-based capital was 183.9%, compared to the 288.7% reported at December 31, 2009. The significant decline in these ratios can be attributed to the additional capital the Company raised in a private placement during the first six months of 2010 and subsequent down-stream of $48.0 million to the Bank.

Agriculture

At September 30, 2010 agriculture balances totaled approximately $14.7 million or 2.2% of total gross loan balances, which represents an approximate $3.0 million decline when compared to that reported at December 31, 2009.  The year to date decline within this category can be attributed in large part to the work-through of one problem loan during the second quarter of 2010.  The Company received approximately $1.9 million from the sale of collateral related to this particular loan and subsequently charge-off the remaining balance of approximately $0.9 million.  At September 30, 2010 agriculture balances represented 12.6% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital.  This compares to 21.7% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital as of December 31, 2009.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 53 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Construction

The following table provides a break-down of the construction segment of the Company’s loan portfolio as of September 30, 2010:

   
September 30, 2010
         
Percent of
         
Single
 
         
Undisbursed
   
Total Bank
   
Percent
   
Bank's Risk
   
Number
   
Largest
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
   
Commitment
   
Exposure
   
Composition
   
Based Capital
   
of Loans
   
Loan
 
Single family residential
  $ 8,972     $ 4,440     $ 13,412       24.7 %     7.6 %     20     $ 3,325  
Single family residential - Spec.
    2,789       211       3,000       5.5 %     2.4 %     2       1,750  
Tract
    -       -       -       0.0 %     0.0 %     -       -  
Multi-family
    1,870       -       1,870       3.4 %     1.6 %     2       1,400  
Commercial
    32,307       3,616       35,923       66.4 %     27.5 %     13       6,720  
Hospitality
    -       -       -       0.0 %     0.0 %     -       -  
                                                         
Total construction
  $ 45,938     $ 8,267     $ 54,205       100.0 %     39.1 %     37     $ 13,195  

At September 30, 2010, construction balances represented approximately $45.9 million or 6.8% of total gross loan balances, compared to $64.9 million or 8.9% reported at December 31, 2009.  The decline in construction balances can be attributed in large part to the re-classification of several large hospitality construction loans to commercial real estate, following the completion of the underlying projects. Contributing further to the year to date decline within this category were charge-offs of approximately $1.0 million, payments received on loans from the liquidation of underlying collateral totaling approximately $1.6 million, transfers to OREO status totaling approximately $0.9 million, and the absence of any new significant originations within this segment.

At September 30, 2010 total construction balances represented approximately 39.1% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital.  This compares to the 79.7% reported at December 31, 2009.  Total construction commitments represented 46.2% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital at September 30, 2010.  This compares to the 103.8% reported at December 31, 2009.  The significant decline in these ratios can be attributed to the additional capital the Company raised in a private placement during the first six months of 2010 and subsequent down-stream of $48.0 million to the Bank.

Construction loans are typically granted for a one year period and then, with income properties, are amortized over a period not more than 30 years with 10 to 15 year maturities.

Land

The following table provides a break-down of the land segment of the Company’s loan portfolio as of September 30, 2010:

   
September 30, 2010
         
Percent of
         
Single
 
         
Undisbursed
   
Total Bank
   
Percent
   
Bank's Risk
   
Number
   
Largest
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
Balance
   
Commitment
   
Exposure
   
Composition
   
Based Capital
   
of Loans
   
Loan
 
Single family residential
  $ 6,307     $ -     $ 6,307       19.3 %     5.4 %     30     $ 1,000  
Single family residential - Spec.
    1,427       -       1,427       4.4 %     1.2 %     6       617  
Tract
    14,119       -       14,119       43.2 %     12.0 %     7       7,521  
Multi-family
    -       -       -       0.0 %     0.0 %     -       -  
Commercial
    9,397       500       9,897       30.3 %     8.0 %     18       1,500  
Hospitality
    917       -       917       2.8 %     0.8 %     2       644  
                                                         
Total land
  $ 32,167     $ 500     $ 32,667       100.0 %     27.4 %     63     $ 11,282  

At September 30, 2010, land balances represented approximately $32.2 million or 4.8% of total gross loan balances.  Land balances declined approximately $20.6 million when compared to the $52.8 million reported at December 31, 2009.  The year to date decline can be attributed to several factors including: charge-offs of approximately $2.6 million, transfers to OREO of approximately $4.7 million and payments received from the sale of collateral of problem loans in the amount of $5.8 million.  Additionally, the largest note within this segment was bifurcated into two separate notes in the absence of meaningful demand for tract construction.  The re-financing of this note resulted in a new $5.4 million credit within the commercial and industrial segment and a corresponding pay-down within the tract construction category.  Commercial and industrial financing was made available for a rock quarry operation that developed on the site of the project in the absence of demand for tract construction.  Recent appraisals of the underlying collateral indicate the loan is well secured and the borrower continues to perform under the terms of the respective notes.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 54 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
At September 30, 2010 total land loan balances represented 27.4% of the Bank’s total risk-based capital compared to the 64.8% reported at December 31, 2009.  Total land commitments represented approximately 27.8% of the Bank’s total-risked based capital at September 30, 2010 compared to the 65.8% reported at December 31, 2009. The significant decline in these ratios can be attributed to the additional capital the Company raised in a private placement during the first six months of 2010 and subsequent down-stream of $48.0 million to the Bank.

Installment

At September 30, 2010, the installment loan balances were approximately $7.1 million compared to the $8.3 million reported at December 31, 2009.  Installment loans include revolving credit plans, consumer loans, as well as credit card balances obtained in the acquisition of Business First.

Loans Held for Sale

Loans held for sale consist of mortgage originations that have already been sold pursuant to correspondent mortgage loan agreements. There is no interest rate risk associated with these loans as the commitments are in place at the time the Company funds them. Settlement from the correspondents is typically within 30 to 45 days.  At September 30, 2010 mortgage correspondent loans (loans held for sale) totaled approximately $12.4 million, $2.9 million greater than that reported at December 31, 2009.

Foreign Loans

At September 30, 2010 the Company had no foreign loans outstanding.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company maintains an allowance for loan losses at a level considered by Management to be adequate to provide for probable incurred losses as of the date of the balance sheet.  The allowance is comprised of three components: specific credit allocation, general portfolio allocation, and subjectively determined allocation.  The allowance is increased by provisions for loan losses charged to earnings and decreased by loan charge-offs, net of recovered balances.

Specific Credit Allocation

The specific credit allocation of the allowance is determined through the measurement of impairment on certain loans that have been identified during each reporting period as impaired.  A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  The Company may also consider a loan impaired when based on certain information and events surrounding a borrower, it is determined that the likelihood of the Company receiving all scheduled payments, including interest, when due is remote.  Once a loan is classified as impaired, the Company places the loan under the supervision of its Special Assets department.  The Special Assets department is responsible for performing comprehensive analyses of impaired loans, including obtaining updated financial information regarding the borrower, obtaining updated appraisals on any collateral securing such loans and ultimately determining the extent to which such loans are impaired.  Once the amount of impairment on specific impaired loans has been determined, the Company typically establishes a corresponding valuation allowance, which then becomes a component of the Company’s specific credit allocation in the allowance for loan losses.

General Portfolio Allocation

For purposes of determining the general portfolio allocation of the allowance, the loan portfolio is segmented into several pools of loans, exclusive of balances individually evaluated for impairment, similar to the stratification presented in Note 3. Loans and the Allowance for Loan Losses, of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.  The loan portfolio is then further segmented by an internal loan grading system that classifies loans as: pass, special mention, substandard and doubtful.  Estimated loss rates are then applied to each segment of the loan portfolio according to loan grade to determine the amount of the general portfolio allocation.  Estimated loss rates applied are determined through an analysis of historical loss rates for each segment of the loan portfolio, based on the Company’s prior experience with such loans.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 55 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

  
Subjectively Determined Allocation

The subjectively determined allocation of the allowance is determined by estimates the Company makes in regard to certain internal and external factors that may have either a positive or negative impact on the overall credit quality of the loan portfolio.  Certain of these factors include: local, state and national economic and business conditions, trends in the credit quality of the loan portfolio, existence and the effects of concentrations, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, the quality of loan review as well as any other factor determined by Management to possibly have an impact on the credit quality of the loan portfolio.

Management periodically monitors loans in the portfolio to identify certain credits that may be impaired and/or experiencing deterioration and as such, makes appropriate changes in the level of the allowance when necessary.  Management employs the use of, among other things, a watch list, loan grading system, feedback provided by internal loan staff regarding specific credits, Management’s findings from internal loan reviews, findings and analyses provided from the Company’s semi-annual independent loan review function and information provided from examinations by regulatory agencies to manage credit risk and address any necessary changes in the required level of the allowance for loan losses in a timely manner.

The determination of the amount of the allowance and any corresponding increase or decrease in the level of provisions for loan losses is based on Management’s best estimate of the current credit quality of the loan portfolio and any probable inherent losses as of the balance sheet date.  The nature of the process in which Management determines the appropriate level of the allowance involves the exercise of considerable judgment.  While Management utilizes its best judgment and all available information in determining the adequacy of the allowance, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control, including but not limited to, the performance of the loan portfolio, changes in current and future economic conditions and the view of regulatory agencies regarding the level of classified assets.  Continued weakness in economic conditions and any other factor that may adversely affect credit quality, result in higher levels of past due and non-accruing loans, defaults, and additional loan charge-offs, which may require additional provisions for loan losses in future periods and a higher balance in the Company’s allowance for loan losses.

The allowance for loan losses increased in the third quarter of 2010 over that reported at December 31, 2009, due to several factors including: continued weakness in the economy, continued elevated levels in the number of and dollar volume of non-performing and classified loans when compared to historical periods and higher levels of charge-offs.  At September 30, 2010 the balance of classified loans was approximately $60.2 million.  This compares to the $75.4 million in classified loan balances reported at December 31, 2009.  Although the balance of classified loans has declined compared to that reported at December 31, 2009, classified balances remain at elevated levels when compared to historical periods, which has resulted in higher required balances in the general portfolio allocation under the Company’s methodology for determining an appropriate level for the allowance for loan losses.  Elevated charge-offs also contributed significantly to the higher required balances of the general portfolio allocation of the allowance.  Additionally, continued weakened economic conditions, as well as the continued pressure economic conditions have placed on real estate values, resulted in higher required balances of the subjectively determined allocation of the allowance.  As a result of the items mentioned the Company made provisions for loan losses in the amount of $4.4 million and $25.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively.  This compares to provisions of approximately $9.8 million and $14.6 million during the same periods ended a year earlier.  As a result the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2010 was approximately $21.6 million compared to the $14.4 million reported at December 31, 2009, an increase of approximately $7.2 million or 50.1% during the first nine months of 2010.

Loans charged-off during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 totaled approximately $5.1 million and $20.3 million, respectively.  This compares to charge-offs of approximately $5.0 million and $9.1 million reported for the same periods ended a year earlier.

Comprising the majority of charge-offs for the third quarter of 2010 was the charge-off of three large credits in the commercial real estate, commercial and industrial (“C&I”), and land segments of the loan portfolio.  These charge-offs accounted for approximately $2.6 million or 50.2% of total charge-offs during the third quarter of 2010.  Additionally, approximately $1.4 million of C&I charge-offs can be attributed to 18 loans in which the entire carrying value was charged-off.  The majority of these loans represented smaller unsecured business lines of credit.  Charge-offs in the land segment for the third quarter of 2010 can be attributed in large part to the write-down of one large credit in the approximate amount of $1.3 million.

Year to date, the majority of charge-offs, approximately $17.1 million or 84.1%, occurred in the commercial real estate, C&I, and land segments of the loan portfolio.  Year to date charge-offs within the commercial real estate segment can be attributed to three large write-downs totaling $2.5 million, which account for 79.8% of total year to date charge-offs within this segment.  Approximately $4.4 million or 39.2% of year to date charge-offs within the C&I segment can be attributed to the write-down of two large credits.  The remainder of year to date charge-offs within this segment can primarily be attributed to smaller lines of credit that were placed on non-accrual and subsequently charged-off during the first nine months of 2010.  Year to date charge-offs in the land segment can be attributed in large part to a $1.3 million write-down on one large credit, which occurred during the third quarter of 2010 and is referenced in the preceding paragraph.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 56 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Net charge-offs to average loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 were 0.71% and 2.58%, respectively.  This compares to the 0.70% and 1.29% reported for the same three and nine month periods ended a year earlier.  At September 30, 2010 the allowance for loan losses represented 3.20% of total gross loans compared to the 1.97% reported at December 31, 2009.

As of September 30, 2010 Management believes the allowance for loan losses was sufficient to cover current estimable losses in the Company’s loan portfolio.
 
 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 57 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The following table provides an analysis of the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated:

   
For the nine months
 
   
ended September 30,
 
(dollars amounts in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
 
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 14,372     $ 10,412  
Charge-offs:
               
Real Estate Secured
               
Multi-family residential
    -       -  
Residential 1 to 4 family
    598       304  
Home equity line of credit
    1       -  
Commercial
    3,106       41  
Farmland
    235       -  
Commercial
               
Commercial and industrial
    11,348       1,728  
Agriculture
    1,253       1,909  
Other
    -       -  
Construction
    1,009       2,218  
Land
    2,629       2,792  
Installment loans to individuals
    132       -  
All other loans
    -       143  
                 
Total charge-offs
    20,311       9,135  
Recoveries:
               
Real Estate Secured
               
Multi-family residential
    -       -  
Residential 1 to 4 family
    87       9  
Home equity line of credit
    -       -  
Commercial
    25       -  
Farmland
    6       -  
Commercial
               
Commercial and industrial
    308       4  
Agriculture
    73       -  
Other
    -       -  
Construction
    27       16  
Land
    1,272       -  
Installment loans to individuals
    12       -  
All other loans
    -       1  
                 
Total recoveries
    1,810       30  
                 
Net charge-offs
    18,501       9,105  
                 
Provisions for loan losses
    25,700       14,566  
                 
Balance, end of period
  $ 21,571     $ 15,873  
                 
Gross loans, end of period
  $ 673,882     $ 709,867  
Net charge-offs to average loans
    2.58 %     1.29 %
Allowance for loan losses to total gross loans
    3.20 %     2.24 %
Non-performing loans to allowance for loan losses
    124.37 %     250.98 %

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 58 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

  
For reporting purposes, the Company allocates the allowance for loan losses across product types within the loan portfolio.  However, substantially all of the allowance is available to absorb all credit losses without restriction, unless specific reserves have been established.  The following table provides a summary of the allowance for loan losses and its allocation to each major loan category of the loan portfolio as well as the percentage that each major category of loans comprises as compared to total gross loan balances as of the dates indicated below:

   
September 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2009
 
         
Percent
         
Percent
         
Percent
 
   
Amount
   
of Total
   
Amount
   
of Total
   
Amount
   
of Total
 
(dollars amounts in thousands)
 
Allocated
   
Loans
   
Allocated
   
Loans
   
Allocated
   
Loans
 
Real Estate Secured
                                   
Multi-family residential
  $ 453       3.0 %   $ 444       2.4 %   $ 119       2.8 %
Residential 1 to 4 family
    431       3.5 %     429       3.5 %     264       3.5 %
Home equity line of credit
    280       4.5 %     159       4.1 %     179       4.1 %
Commercial
    11,109       51.0 %     5,555       44.7 %     6,081       46.5 %
Farmland
    173       2.3 %     238       1.4 %     208       1.8 %
Commercial
                                               
Commercial and industrial
    5,975       20.7 %     4,794       23.5 %     4,635       21.6 %
Agriculture
    518       2.2 %     222       2.1 %     178       2.4 %
Other
    -       0.0 %     -       0.1 %     1       0.0 %
Construction
                                               
Single family residential
    237       1.3 %     333       2.1 %     304       2.1 %
Single family residential - Spec.
    65       0.4 %     159       0.8 %     46       0.5 %
Tract
    -       0.0 %     222       0.3 %     190       0.3 %
Multi-family
    86       0.3 %     730       0.8 %     90       0.3 %
Hospitality
    -       0.0 %     79       2.0 %     107       2.0 %
Commercial
    626       4.8 %     159       3.2 %     270       3.7 %
Land
    1,467       4.8 %     2,302       7.7 %     1,644       7.2 %
Installment loans to individuals
    86       1.1 %     32       1.2 %     40       1.1 %
All other loans (including overdrafts)
    65       0.1 %     16       0.1 %     16       0.1 %
                                                 
Total allowance for loan losses
  $ 21,571       100.0 %   $ 15,873       100.0 %   $ 14,372       100.0 %

As of September 30, 2010 the allocation of the allowance for loan losses to the real estate secured segment of the loan portfolio has increased when compared to that allocated to these categories in prior periods.  This is due in large part to higher balances of classified real estate loans, an increase in specific credit reserves within this segment, increased levels of credit losses and the continued weakness in local state and economic conditions.  Contributing further to the increase in the allocation to the real estate secured segment of the portfolio was an increase in watch list credits within this segment, specifically within commercial real estate.

Increases in the allocation to commercial and industrial balances can be attributed in large part to higher credit losses within this segment in conjunction with the continued weakened state of economic conditions.

A reduction in the allocation to the land segment of the loan portfolio can be attributed in part to lower levels of classified balances within this segment as well as the charge-off of specific reserves within this segment.

Continued weakness in economic conditions and any further deterioration in the credit quality of the segments mentioned above may result in further significant provisions for loan losses and increases in the allocation of the allowance to those categories.

Credit Quality and Non-Performing Assets

The Company’s Management is responsible for monitoring loan performance and the credit quality of the loan portfolio, which is done through various methods, including frequent review of loan delinquencies and personal knowledge of customers.  Additionally, the Company maintains both a “watch” list of loans that, for a variety of reasons, Management believes require regular review as well as an internal loan classification process.  Semi-annually, the loan portfolio is also reviewed by an experienced, outside loan reviewer not affiliated with the Company to augment Management’s own internal review of the portfolio.  A list of delinquencies, the watch list, internal loan classifications and internal and external loan reviews are reviewed regularly by the Company’s Board of Directors.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 59 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The Company has a non-accrual policy that requires a loan greater than 90 days past due and/or specifically determined to be impaired to be placed on non-accrual status unless such loan is well-collateralized and in the process of collection.  When loans are placed on non-accrual status, all accrued but uncollected interest income is reversed from earnings.  Once on non-accrual status, payments received on such loans are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance.  Interest on a loan is only recognized on a cash basis and is generally not recognized on specific impaired loans unless the likelihood of further loss is remote.  Loans may be returned to accrual status if Management believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least six months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on non-accrual.

Loans typically move to non-accruing status from the Company’s “substandard” risk grade.  When a loan is first classified as substandard, the Company obtains updated appraisal information on the underlying collateral. Once the updated appraisal is obtained and analyzed by Management, a valuation allowance, if necessary, is established against such loan or a loss is recognized by a charge to the allowance for loan losses if Management believes that the full amount of the Company’s recorded investment in the loan is no longer collectible.  Therefore, at the time a loan moves into non-accruing status, a valuation allowance typically has already been established or balances believed to be uncollectible on such loan have been charged-off.  The Company orders new appraisals on underlying collateral in order to have the most current indication of fair value, if appraisals obtained while the loan was classified as substandard are deemed to be out dated.

In certain instances a complete appraisal may take a significant amount of time to complete.  In such cases, the Company may also rely on a broker’s price opinion or other meaningful market data, such as comparable sales, in order to derive its best estimate of a property’s fair value at the time the decision to classify the loan as substandard, or move the loan to non-accruing status, is made.  Once a loan is on non-accruing status an analysis of the underlying collateral is performed at least quarterly.

If a loan’s credit quality deteriorates to the point that collection of principal is believed by Management to be doubtful and the value of collateral securing the obligation is sufficient, the Company generally takes steps to protect and liquidate the collateral.  Any loss resulting from the difference between the loan balance and the fair market value of the collateral is recognized by a charge to the allowance for loan losses.  When collateral is held for sale after foreclosure, it is subject to a periodic appraisal.  If the appraisal indicates that the collateral will sell for less than its recorded value, the Company recognizes the loss by a charge to non-interest expense.

The weakened state of the economy and real estate markets have resulted in the expansion of the Company’s internal watch list as well as the number of and dollar volume of non-accruing loans when compared to historical periods.  While credit quality is consistently monitored, Management has implemented additional precautionary actions that include but are not limited to pro-actively identifying credit weaknesses earlier in the collection cycle, increasing the oversight frequency of watch list credits and devoting additional internal resources to monitor those credits.  Although the Company believes these actions will serve to potentially minimize any future losses the Company may incur related to problem loans, no guarantee can be made that the Company will not experience an increase in non-performing loans, given continued uncertainties surrounding local, state and national economic conditions.

As evidenced in the table below summarizing the Company’s non-performing assets, the current economic downturn has had a significant impact in regard to loans related to land, construction, commercial and industrial and commercial real estate.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 60 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The following table provides a summary of non-accruing loans as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:

   
September 30,
   
December 31,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
Dollar
   
Percent
 
                         
Loans delinquent 90 days or more and still accruing
  $ 52     $ 151     $ (99 )     -65.56 %
                                 
Non-Accruing Loans
                               
Commercial real estate
  $ 13,245     $ 11,035     $ 2,210       20.03 %
Residential 1-4 family
    748       1,147       (399 )     -34.79 %
Home equity lines of credit
    320       320       -       0.00 %
Farmland
    2,712       -       2,712       100.00 %
Commercial and industrial
    3,694       8,429       (4,735 )     -56.18 %
Agriculture
    731       3,172       (2,441 )     -76.95 %
Construction
    2,798       3,838       (1,040 )     -27.10 %
Land
    2,244       10,182       (7,938 )     -77.96 %
Installment
    284       47       237       504.26 %
                                 
Total non-accruing loans
  $ 26,776     $ 38,170     $ (11,394 )     -29.85 %
                                 
Other real estate owned
  $ 9,031     $ 946     $ 8,085       854.65 %
                                 
Total non-performing assets
  $ 35,859     $ 39,267     $ (3,408 )     -8.68 %
                                 
Ratio of allowance for credit losses to total gross loans
    3.20 %     1.97 %                
Ratio of allowance for credit losses to total non-performing loans
    80.40 %     37.50 %                
Ratio of non-performing loans to total gross loans
    3.98 %     5.26 %                
Ratio of non-performing assets to total assets
    3.62 %     4.15 %                

At September 30, 2010 the balance of non-accruing loans was approximately $26.8 million or $11.4 million lower than that reported at December 31, 2009.  Year to date changes in non-accruing balances can be attributed in part to Management’s work-through of problem credits during 2010.  While a significant portion of these balances were charged-off, the Company saw approximately $3.7 million in balances return to accruing status following the Company’s efforts to work with certain borrowers to bring resolution to problem credits.  Additionally, the Company transferred approximately $12.1 million to foreclosed collateral status and has been actively marketing such assets for eventual sale.  The Company also received approximately $15.7 million in principal payments on non-accruing loans during the first nine months of 2010, primarily the result of collateral liquidations.

Non-performing assets totaled approximately $35.9 million at September 30, 2010, approximately $3.4 million lower than that reported at December 31, 2009.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 61 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
The following table reconciles the change in non-accruing balances for the nine months ended September 30, 2010:

   
Balance
   
Additions to
         
Transfers
   
Returns to
         
Balance
 
   
December 31,
   
Non-Accruing
   
Net
   
to Foreclosed
   
Preforming
         
September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2009
   
Balances
   
Paydowns
   
Collateral
   
Status
   
Charge-offs
   
2010
 
Real Estate Secured
                                         
Multi-family residential
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
Residential 1 to 4 family
    1,147       751       (314 )     (235 )     -       (601 )     748  
Home equity line of credit
    320       -       -       -       -       -       320  
Commercial
    11,035       17,792       (3,570 )     (5,590 )     (3,305 )     (3,117 )     13,245  
Farmland
    -       3,810       (286 )     (577 )     -       (235 )     2,712  
Commercial
                                                       
Commercial and industrial
    8,429       8,115       (1,072 )     (50 )     (381 )     (11,347 )     3,694  
Agriculture
    3,172       1,160       (2,348 )     -       -       (1,253 )     731  
Other
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Construction
                                                       
Single family residential
    940       -       (610 )     -       -       (241 )     89  
Single family residential - Spec.
    683       1,250       -       (538 )     -       (145 )     1,250  
Tract
    2,215       -       (1,646 )     (363 )     -       (206 )     -  
Multi-family
    -       900       (4 )     -       -       (417 )     479  
Hospitality
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial
    -       980       -       -       -       -       980  
Land
    10,182       5,221       (5,800 )     (4,726 )     -       (2,633 )     2,244  
Installment loans to individuals
    47       413       (8 )     (35 )     -       (133 )     284  
All other loans
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
                                                         
Totals
  $ 38,170     $ 40,392     $ (15,658 )   $ (12,114 )   $ (3,686 )   $ (20,328 )   $ 26,776  

Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”)

The following table provides a summary for the year to date change in the balance of OREO as of September 30, 2010:

   
Balance
                     
Balance
 
   
December 31,
                     
September 30,
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2009
   
Additions
   
Disposals
   
Writedowns
   
2010
 
Real Estate Secured
                             
Multi-family residential
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
Residential 1 to 4 family
    367       235       (198 )     (172 )     232  
Home equity line of credit
    -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial
    165       5,590       (363 )     (187 )     5,205  
Farmland
    -       577       (577 )     -       -  
Commercial
                                       
Commercial and industrial
    -       50       -       -       50  
Agriculture
    -       -       -       -       -  
Other
    -       -       -       -       -  
Construction
                                       
Single family residential
    -       -       -       -       -  
Single family residential - Spec.
    -       538       -       (41 )     497  
Tract
    -       363       -       (69 )     294  
Multi-family
    -       -       -       -       -  
Hospitality
    -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial
    -       -       -       -       -  
Land
    414       4,726       (2,001 )     (386 )     2,753  
Installment loans to individuals
    -       -       -       -       -  
All other loans
    -       -       -       -       -  
                                         
Totals
  $ 946     $ 12,079     $ (3,139 )   $ (855 )   $ 9,031  

At September 30, 2010, OREO balances totaled approximately $9.0 million, approximately $8.1 million higher than that reported at December 31, 2009.  During the first nine months of 2010 the Company transferred approximately $12.1 million to OREO, disposed of approximately $3.1 million in such assets, and incurred approximately $0.9 million in write-downs, resulting primarily from updated appraisals.  Additions to OREO within the commercial real estate category can be attributed in large part to two properties securing two separate loans, totaling approximately $5.2 million.  The Company is actively marketing these properties for eventual sale.  Additions in the construction and land categories can be attributed to collateral securing five loans made to two borrowers.  During the third quarter, the Company disposed of two of the related properties and is currently marketing the remaining collateral for eventual sale.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 62 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Total Cash and Cash Equivalents

Total cash and cash equivalents were $57.1 million and $40.7 million at September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. This line item will vary depending on cash letters from the previous night and actual cash on hand in the branches.  Cash and cash equivalents were substantially higher than that reported at December 31, 2009 due in large part to the proceeds the Company received from the close of its March 2010 private placement as well as deposit growth during the first nine months of 2010.  For additional information related to the Company’s March 2010 private placement, please see Note 11. Preferred Stock, of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.

Investment Securities and Other Earning Assets

Other earning assets are comprised of Interest Bearing Due from Federal Reserve, Federal Funds Sold (funds the Company lends on a short-term basis to other banks), investments in securities and short-term interest bearing deposits at other financial institutions.  These assets are maintained for liquidity needs of the Company, collateralization of public deposits, and diversification of the earning asset mix.

The table below summarizes the year to date change in the balances of other earning assets as of September 30, 2010:

   
September 30,
   
December 31,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
 
Interest bearing due from banks
  $ 34,936     $ 17,046     $ 17,890       104.95 %
Federal funds sold
    5,500       4,350       1,150       26.44 %
Interest bearing deposits other financial institutions
    119       119       -       0.00 %
Securities available for sale
    202,218       121,180       81,038       66.87 %
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
    5,395       5,828       (433 )     -7.43 %
                                 
Total other earning assets
  $ 248,168     $ 148,523     $ 99,645       67.09 %

Federal Funds Sold and Interest Bearing Due from Federal Reserve

As of September 30, 2010, the total of federal funds sold and interest bearing due from balances was approximately $40.4 million or $19.0 million higher than that reported at December 31, 2009.  Although the balance of federal funds sold and interest bearing due from can vary significantly from day to day as a result of many factors, including the liquidity needs of the Company’s depositors, the year to date increase, as previously mentioned, is mainly attributable to funds received upon completion of the Company’s March 2010 private placement as well as a year to date increase in deposit balances, resulting in excess funds available for short-term overnight investment.

Investment Securities

The Company manages its securities portfolio to provide a source of both liquidity and earnings.  The Company has an Asset/Liability Committee that develops current investment policies based upon its operating needs and market circumstance.  The Company’s investment policy is formally reviewed and approved annually by the Board of Directors.  The Asset/Liability Committee of the Company is responsible for reporting and monitoring compliance with the investment policy.  Reports are provided to the Bank’s Board of Directors on a regular basis.

At September 30, 2010, the balance of the investment portfolio was approximately $202.2 million or $81.0 million higher than that reported at December 31, 2009.  The change in the balance of the portfolio can be attributed in large part to purchases the Company made during the first nine months of the year in the aggregate amount $105.4 million, principal pay downs on mortgage related securities totaling approximately $17.6 million and proceeds from the sale, call and maturity of investments totaling approximately $8.6 million.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2010 the Company recorded a net pre-tax gain of approximately $0.7 million on the sale of various investment securities.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 63 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

  
Securities available-for-sale are carried at fair value, with related unrealized net gains or losses, net of deferred income taxes, recorded as an adjustment to equity capital.  At September 30, 2010 the securities portfolio had net unrealized gains, net of taxes of approximately $0.4 million, an increase of approximately $1.5 million from the unrealized loss reported at December 31, 2009.  Changes in the fair value of the investment portfolio in the last two years can be attributed in part to extreme market turbulence, stemming in part from continued weakened economic conditions and uncertain market conditions and the volatility in interest rates.

During the last two years, the credit markets came under significant duress as investor and consumer confidence in the U.S. financial system became significantly destabilized.  As a result, many financial institutions in severe need of liquidity were forced to de-leverage for a variety of reasons, selling significant portions of their investment holdings which in turn placed considerable pressure on the values of many classes of investment securities.  In particular, mortgage related securities came under substantial pressure and the Company’s portfolio was not immune to this.  Although substantially all of the Company’s mortgage related securities are considered “investment grade,” overall lack of confidence in the housing market, the inability of many consumers to meet their mortgage related obligations, and the strong need for liquidity during the last two years have, among other things, been influential in placing pressure on the prices of these types of securities.

At September 30, 2010, the Company owned nine Whole Loan Private Label Mortgage Backed Securities (“PMBS”) with a remaining principal balance of approximately $15.9 million.  PMBS do not carry a government guarantee (explicit or implicit) and require much more detailed due diligence in the form of pre and post purchase analysis.  All PMBS bonds were rated AAA by one or more of the major rating agencies at the time of purchase.  Due to the severe and prolonged downturn in the economy PMBS bonds along with other asset classes have seen deterioration in price, credit quality, and liquidity.  Rating agencies have been reassessing all ratings associated with bonds starting with lower tranche or subordinate pieces (which have increased loss exposure) then moving on to senior and super senior bonds which is what the Company owns with the exception of one mezzanine bond (subordinate).  At September 30, 2010, five bonds with an aggregate fair value of approximately $9.6 million remained below investment grade.  All five of these bonds are in senior or super senior tranche positions of their respective deals, meaning the Company has priority in cash flows and has subordinate tranches below its position providing credit support.

As more fully disclosed in Note 2. Investments, of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q, during the fourth quarter of 2009 the Company performed an analysis, with the assistance of an independent third party, on several PMBS in the investment portfolio for other than temporary impairment (“OTTI”), including those mentioned in the previous paragraph.  Based on that analysis, the Company determined four securities to be other than temporarily impaired.  As a result, the Company realized approximately $372 thousand in aggregate pre-tax losses related to these securities during the fourth quarter of 2009.  During the second quarter of 2010 the Company sold one of the four securities mentioned above in an effort to take advantage of current, more favorable, market pricing.  The Company recognized a loss of approximately $150 thousand on the sale of this security.  The loss recognized on the sale of this security was due to changes in market pricing.

The Company continues to engage an independent third party to review these same securities for additional OTTI on a quarterly basis.  The results of those analyses indicate there was additional OTTI related to credit impairment on one bond in the amount of $106 thousand.  The Company recorded this realized loss during the third quarter of 2010.  The Company will continue to engage an independent third party to review these securities on a quarterly basis for the foreseeable future.

The Company continues to perform regular extensive analyses on PMBS bonds in the portfolio including but not limited to updates on: credit enhancements, loan-to-values, credit scores, delinquency rates and default rates.  These investment securities continue to demonstrate cash flows as expected, based on pre-purchase analyses.  As of September 30, 2010, Management does not believe that losses on PMBS in the portfolio, other than those previously discussed, are other than temporary.

All PMBS the Company owns are in senior or super senior tranche positions of their respective deals, except for one mezzanine bond, meaning that the Company has priority in cash flows and has subordinate tranches below its position providing credit support.  The more credit support or enhancement, the more protection is provided from possible losses on non-performing collateral.  Credit support on PMBS the Company owns has increased from the time of purchase through September 30, 2010, except for one bond.  As the Company receives cash flow on its senior positions and principle is reduced quicker than default losses are applied to the subordinate positions, the credit enhancement percentage grows.

The majority of the Company’s mortgage securities were issued by: The Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), The Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), and The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”).  These securities carry the guarantee of the issuing agencies.  At September 30, 2010 approximately $153.0 million or 91.4% of the Company’s mortgage related securities were issued by a government agency such as those listed above.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 64 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

All fixed and adjustable rate mortgage pools contain a certain amount of risk related to the uncertainty of prepayments of the underlying mortgages.  Interest rate changes have a direct impact upon prepayment rates.  The Company uses computer simulation models to test the average life, duration, market volatility and yield volatility of adjustable rate mortgage pools under various interest rate assumptions to monitor volatility.  Stress tests are performed quarterly.

Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) Stock

As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco, the Company is required to hold a specified amount of FHLB capital stock based on the level of borrowings the Company has obtained from the FHLB.  As such, the amount of FHLB stock the Company carries can vary from one period to another based on among other things the current liquidity needs of the Company.  At September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company held approximately $5.4 million and $5.8 million in FHLB stock, respectively.  The year to date decline in the balance of FHLB stock can be attributed to redemptions of approximately $0.4 million occurring in the second and third quarters of 2010.

Deposits and Borrowed Funds

The following table provides a summary for the year to date change in various categories of deposit balances as of September 30, 2010:

   
September 30,
   
December 31,
   
Variance
 
(dollars in thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
dollar
   
percentage
 
Non-interest bearing demand
  $ 176,419     $ 174,635     $ 1,784       1.02 %
Interest bearing demand
    62,848       77,765       (14,917 )     -19.18 %
Savings
    27,630       27,166       464       1.71 %
Money market
    292,852       259,671       33,181       12.78 %
Time deposits
    235,025       224,998       10,027       4.46 %
                                 
Total retail deposits
    794,774       764,235       30,539       4.00 %
                                 
Brokered time deposits
    100       10,230       (10,130 )     -99.02 %
Brokered money market funds
    750       1,000       (250 )     -25.00 %
                                 
Total brokered deposits
    850       11,230       (10,380 )     -92.43 %
                                 
Total deposits
  $ 795,624     $ 775,465     $ 20,159       2.60 %

 
Deposits

As indicated in the table above total deposit balances at September 30, 2010 were approximately $795.6 million.  This represents an increase of approximately $20.2 million when compared to that reported at December 31, 2009.  Higher core deposit balances during 2009 allowed the Company to rely less on wholesale funding and brokered deposits.  At September 30, 2010 brokered deposits totaled $0.9 million, representing a decline of approximately $10.4 million from that reported at December 31, 2009.

During the first nine months of 2010, the Company saw core deposit balances (non-interest and interest bearing demand, savings, money market and time certificate accounts with balances less than $100 thousand) increase approximately $24.5 million from that reported at December 31, 2009.  In addition, those deposit accounts which the Company deems to be volatile have decreased by $29.6 million and now represent an insignificant approximate $2.1 or 0.3% of the total deposits of the Company.

Borrowed Funds

The Company has a variety of sources from which it may obtain secondary funding.  These sources include, among others, the FHLB and credit lines established with correspondent banks.  Borrowings are obtained for a variety of reasons which include, but are not limited to, funding loan growth and the purchase of investments in the absence of core deposits and to provide additional liquidity to meet the demands of depositors.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 65 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
At September 30, 2010, borrowings obtained from the FHLB comprised the majority of borrowed funds.  The following table provides a summary of FHLB borrowings the Company had outstanding as of September 30, 2010:

(dollars in thousands)

Amount
 
Interest
 
Maturity
Borrowed
 
Rate
   
Advance Type
 
Date
$
20,000
    0.22 %  
Variable
 
Open
 
35,000
    0.36 %  
Adjustable
 
1/31/2011
                   
$
55,000
    0.31 %        

As evidenced in the table above, the balance of FHLB borrowing as of September 30, 2010 was $55.0 million a decline of $10.0 million from the balance reported at December 31, 2009.

On September 17, 2004, the Company issued a Letter of Credit in the amount of approximately $11.7 million, which has since been reduced to $11.4 million, to a customer to support the primary financing of a senior care facility.  The Letter of Credit was issued pursuant to a Letter of Credit Reimbursement Agreement between the Company and the FHLB.  It is collateralized by a blanket lien with the FHLB that includes all qualifying loans on the Company’s balance sheet.  The letter of credit was renewed in September 2010 and will expire in September 2011.  The letter of credit was undrawn as of September 30, 2010.

Capital

At September 30, 2010, the balance of stockholders’ equity was approximately $122.6 million.  This represents an increase of approximately $38.8 million over that reported at December 31, 2009.  The year to date change in capital is due primarily to $60.0 million in gross proceeds the Company raised in its March 2010 private placement.  Additionally, the year to date change is also attributed to net losses of $18.1 million, the impact of year to date share-based compensation expense in the amount of $0.2 million, dividends paid and accrued on Series A Senior Preferred stock in the amount of $0.8 million, proceeds from the exercise of options in the amount of $42 thousand and a decline in the balance of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the amount of $1.5 million.

Private Placement and Preferred Stock Conversion

On March 12, 2010 the Company completed a private placement of 52,088 shares of its Series B Mandatorily Convertible Adjustable Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock ("Series B Preferred Stock") and 1,189,538 shares of its Series C Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, raising gross proceeds of approximately $56.0 million.  In addition, approximately $4.0 million was placed in escrow for a second closing of 4,072 shares of Series B Preferred Stock.  The second closing was later completed in the second quarter of 2010. Following the receipt of shareholder approval at the Company’s June 2010 annual meeting, the Company converted to common stock all Series B Preferred shares issued in its private placement.  The total number of common shares issued in the conversion was 17,279,995. For additional information regarding the Company’s private placement, please see Note 11. Preferred Stock, of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.

U.S. Treasury CPP Series A Senior Preferred Stock

On March 20, 2009, the Company issued $21.0 million in Series A Senior Preferred Stock to the U.S. Treasury as part of its participation in the CPP. Pursuant to an interim rule issued by the Federal Reserve Board, effective October 17, 2008, all $21.0 million of preferred stock the Company issued under the CPP qualifies as Tier I Capital.  Under the terms of the CPP, the Company is required to pay dividends on the Senior Preferred Stock in an amount equal to 5% per annum for five years and 9% per annum thereafter.  Dividends are cumulative and payable quarterly.  In the second quarter of 2010, the Company notified the U.S. Treasury that pursuant to a Written Agreement entered into between the Company and the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, the Company was required to defer dividend payments on its Senior Preferred Stock.  If the Company fails to pay dividends on Series A Senior Preferred Stock for a total of six quarters, whether or not consecutive, the U.S. Treasury will have the right to elect two members of the Company’s Board of Directors, voting together with any other holders of preferred shares ranking pari passu with the Series A Senior Preferred Stock. These directors would serve on the Company’s Board of Directors until such time as the Company has paid in full all dividends not previously paid, at which time these directors’ terms of office would immediately terminate.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 66 -

 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Pursuant to the terms outlined under the CPP, the Company issued a warrant to the U.S. Treasury in an amount equal to 15% of the preferred issuance or approximately $3.2 million (611,650 shares).  The warrant is exercisable immediately for a period of ten years at a price equal to the average closing price of the Company’s common stock over the twenty day period ending the day prior to the Company’s preliminary approval to participate in the CPP ($5.15 per share).

For additional information regarding the Company’s Series A Senior Preferred Stock and its participation in the CPP, see Note 11 of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.

Dividends

During the first nine months of 2010, the Company paid a dividend of approximately $0.3 million on its Series A Senior Preferred Stock issued to the U.S. Treasury under the CPP.  The payment of this dividend occurred in the first quarter of 2010.

As mentioned above, the Company, pursuant to a Written Agreement between it and Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco was required to defer dividends payments on the Senior Preferred Stock issued to the U.S. Treasury under the CPP.  For more information concerning the Written Agreement, please refer to Note 12. Regulatory Order and Written Agreement of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.

The Company paid no dividends on its common stock during the first nine months of 2010.

Trust Preferred Securities

On October 27, 2006 the Company issued $8.2 million of Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Debt Securities to Heritage Oaks Capital Trust II (“Trust II”), a statutory trust created under the laws of the State of Delaware.  The debt securities issued to Trust II are subordinated to effectively all borrowings of the Company.  The Company used the proceeds from the issuance for general corporate purposes, which included, but not limited: capital contributions to the Bank, investments, payment of dividends, and repurchases of the Company’s common stock.

On September 20, 2007, the Company issued $5.2 million of Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures to Heritage Oaks Capital Trust III (“Trust III”), a statutory trust created under the laws of the State of Delaware.  The Company used the proceeds from the issuance to assist in the acquisition of Business First, for general corporate purposes, and for capital contributions to the Bank for growth.

In June 2010 the Company announced it had used $3.3 million of the $4.0 million in proceeds received from the second closing of its March 2010 private placement to repurchase the $5.0 million in face amount trust preferred securities issued by Heritage Oaks Capital Trust III, and the related junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company. The repurchase resulted in a pre-tax gain of approximately of $1.7 million. The repurchase was made pursuant to the non-objection of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco and approval of the United States Treasury Department.  The Company intends to dissolve Heritage Oaks Capital Trust III in the second half of 2010.

At September 30, 2010, the Company had at total of $8.2 million in Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures issued and outstanding.  As mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, these securities have been issued to Trust II.  The debt securities are subordinated to effectively all borrowings of the Company and can be redeemed at par if certain events occur that impact the tax treatment, regulatory treatment or the capital treatment of the issuance.  Upon the issuance of the debt securities, the Company purchased a 3.1% minority interest in Trust II, totaling $248 thousand.  The balance of the equity of Trust II is comprised of mandatory redeemable preferred securities and is included in other assets.  Interest associated with the securities issued to Trust II is payable quarterly and varies at 3-month LIBOR plus 1.72%.

The following table provides a summary of the securities the Company has issued to Trust II as of September 30, 2010:

   
Amount
   
Current
 
Issue
 
Scheduled
 
Call
   
(dollars in thousands)
 
Issued
   
Rate
 
Date
 
Maturity
 
Date
 
Rate Type
Heritage Oaks Capital Trust II
  $ 8,248       2.25 %
27-Oct-06
 
Aug-37
 
Nov-11
 
Variable 3-month LIBOR + 1.72%

The Company has the right under the indenture to defer interest payments for a period not to exceed twenty consecutive quarterly periods (each an “Extension Period”) provided that no extension period may extend beyond the maturity of the debt securities.  If the Company elects to defer interest payments pursuant to terms of the agreements, then the Company may not (i) declare or pay any dividends or distributions on, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to any of the Company’s capital stock, or (ii) make any payment of principal or premium, if any, or interest on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities of the Company that rank pari passu with or junior in interest to the Debt Securities, other than, among other items, a dividend in the form of stock, warrants, options or other rights in the same stock as that on which the dividend is being paid or ranks pari passu with or junior to such stock.  The prohibition on payment of dividends and payments on pari passu or junior debt also applies in the case of an event of default under the agreement.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 67 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Pursuant to U.S. GAAP, the Company is not allowed to consolidate Trust II into the Company’s financial statements.  On February 28, 2005, the Federal Reserve Board issued a rule which provides that, notwithstanding the deconsolidation of such trusts, junior subordinated debentures, such as those issued by the Company, may continue to constitute up to 25% of a bank holding company's Tier I capital, subject to certain limitations which were to become effective on March 31, 2009.  However, on March 17, 2009, the Federal Reserve Board issued a ruling to delay the effective date of limitations on trust preferred securities until March 31, 2011.  At September 30, 2010, the Company included $8.0 million of the net junior subordinated debt in its Tier I Capital for regulatory capital purposes.

At September 30, 2010, the Company had sufficient cash to service the $8.2 million in junior subordinated debenture interest payments and other obligations, such as the payment of dividends on the preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury, for approximately 5.7 years without dividends from subsidiaries.  However, in the second quarter of 2010, the Company, in order to comply with the terms of the Written Agreement entered into with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, was required to defer interest payments on its trust preferred securities. For more information concerning the Written Agreement, please refer to Note 12. Regulatory Order and Written Agreement of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.

Regulatory Capital Requirements

Capital ratios for commercial banks in the United States are generally calculated using three different formulas.  These calculations are referred to as the “Leverage Ratio” and two “risk-based” calculations known as: “Tier One Risk Based Capital Ratio” and the “Total Risk Based Capital Ratio.”  These standards were developed through joint efforts of Banking authorities from different countries around the world.  The standards essentially take into account that different types of assets have different levels of risk associated with them.  Furthermore, they take into account the off-balance sheet exposures of banks when assessing capital adequacy.

The Leverage Ratio calculation simply divides common stockholders’ equity (reduced by any goodwill a Company may have) by the total assets.  In the Tier One Risk Based Capital Ratio, the numerator is the same as the leverage ratio, but the denominator is the total “risk-weighted assets.”  Risk weighted assets are determined by segregating all the assets and off balance sheet exposures into different risk categories and weighting them by a percentage ranging from 0% (lowest risk) to 100% (highest risk).  The Total Risk Based Capital Ratio again uses “risk-weighted assets” in the denominator, but expands the numerator to include other capital items besides equity such as a limited amount of the loan loss reserve, long-term capital debt, preferred stock and other instruments.

To be categorized as well-capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum capital ratios as set forth in the table below. However, on February 26, 2010, the Bank stipulated to the issuance of an Order that was issued March 4, 2010, by the FDIC and DFI that requires higher levels of Tier I Leverage and Total Risk Based ratios.  Under the Order the Bank must maintain a Tier I Leverage ratio of 10.0% and a Total Risk-Based Capital ratio of 11.5%.  See also Note 12. Regulatory Order and Written Agreement of the consolidated financial statements for additional information related to the Consent Oder as they pertain to these requirements.

The following table provides a summary of Company and Bank regulatory capital ratios at September 30, 2010 and 2009:

   
Regulatory Standard
   
September 30, 2010
   
September 30, 2009
 
   
Adequately
   
Well
   
Heritage Oaks
   
Heritage Oaks
 
Ratio
 
Capitalized
   
Capitalized
   
Bancorp
   
Bank
   
Bancorp
   
Bank
 
Leverage ratio
    4.00 %     5.00 %     11.48 %     10.95 %     9.30 %     8.76 %
Tier I capital to risk weighted assets
    4.00 %     6.00 %     15.41 %     14.64 %     10.52 %     9.86 %
Total risk based capital to risk weighted assets
    8.00 %     10.00 %     16.68 %     15.91 %     11.78 %     11.12 %

Regulatory capital ratios as of September 30, 2010 fully reflect the $60.0 million in gross proceeds the Company raised through the issuance of Series B and Series C Preferred Stock in a private placement during the first six months of 2010. Following the receipt of shareholder approval at the Company’s June 2010 annual meeting, the Company converted to common stock all Series B Preferred shares issued in its private placement.  The conversion of preferred to common stock is fully reflected in the capital ratios above. Following the receipt of proceeds from the private placement, the Company down-streamed $48.0 million to the Bank as Tier I capital.  These regulatory ratios also fully reflect the issuance of $21.0 million in Series A Senior Preferred Stock to the U.S. Treasury as part of the Company’s participation in the U.S. Treasury’s CPP.

 
Heritage Oaks Bancorp | - 68 -

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

 
Liquidity

The objective of liquidity management is to ensure the continuous availability of funds to meet the demands of depositors, investors and borrowers.  Asset liquidity is primarily derived from loan payments and the maturity of other earning assets.  Liquidity from liabilities is obtained primarily from the receipt of new deposits.  The Company’s Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) is responsible for managing the on and off-balance sheet commitments to meet the needs of customers while achieving the Company’s financial objectives.  ALCO meets regularly to assess the projected funding requirements by reviewing historical funding patterns, current and forecasted economic conditions and individual customer funding needs.  Deposits generated from the Company’s customers serve as the primary source of liquidity.  The Company has credit arrangements with correspondent banks that serve as a secondary liquidity source.  At September 30, 2010, these credit lines totaled $15.0 million and the Company had no borrowings against those lines.  As previously mentioned the Company is a member of the FHLB and has collateralized borrowing capacities remaining of approximately $85.8 million at September 30, 2010.  Additionally, the Company has established and tested a borrowing facility with the Federal Reserve.  The amount of available credit is determined by the collateral provided by the Company at the time of a transaction.

The Company manages liquidity by maintaining a majority of the investment portfolio in Interest Bearing Due from Federal Reserve and other liquid investments.  Most of these investments include obligations of state and political subdivisions (municipal bonds) and mortgage related securities that provide a relatively steady stream of cash flows.  As of September 30, 2010, the Company believes investments in the portfolio can be liquidated at their current fair values in the event they are needed to provide liquidity.  The ratio of liquid assets not pledged for collateral and other purposes to deposits and other liabilities was 31.89% at September 30, 2010 compared to 20.50% at December 31, 2009.  At September 30, 2010, the Company was within its internal guideline for liquidity.  As of September 30, 2010 the fair market value of the Company’s investment portfolio was approximately $202.2 million, of which approximately $10.1 million was pledged to secure public deposits and other purposes. The ratio of gross loans to deposits (“LTD”), another key liquidity ratio, was 84.7% at September 30, 2010 compared to 94.0% at December 31, 2009 both of which are and were within the Company’s policy guidelines.

Inflation

The assets and liabilities of a financial institution are primarily monetary in nature.  As such they represent obligations to pay or receive fixed and determinable amounts of money that are not affected by future changes in prices.  Generally, the impact of inflation on a financial institution is reflected by fluctuations in interest rates, the ability of customers to repay their obligations and upward pressure on operating expenses.  Although inflationary pressures are not considered to be of any particular hindrance in the current economic environment, they may however have an impact on the Company’s future earnings in the event those pressures do become more prevalent.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Off-balance sheet arrangements are any contractual arrangement to which an unconsolidated entity is a party, under which the Company has: (1) any obligation under a guarantee contract; (2) a retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity or similar arrangement that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to that entity for such assets; (3) any obligation under certain derivative instruments; or (4) any obligation under a material variable interest held by the Company in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to the Company, or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with the Company.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into off-balance sheet arrangements consisting of commitments to extend credit, commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit.  Such financial instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they are funded or related fees are incurred or received.  For a more detailed discussion of these financial instruments, refer to Note 11 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of Part II of the Company’s December 31, 2009 Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is a party to various operating leases.  For a more detailed discussion of these financial instruments, refer to Note 11 to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8 of Part II of the Company’s December 31, 2009 Annual Report filed on Form 10-K.

In connection with the $8.2 million in debt securities discussed under “Capital,” the Company issued the full and unconditional payment guarantee of certain accrued distributions.

 
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Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

As a financial institution, the Company’s primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact both the level of interest income and interest expense recorded on a large portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities, and the market value of all interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, other than those which possess a short term to maturity. Virtually all of the Company’s interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities are located at the banking subsidiary level. Thus, virtually all of the Company’s interest rate risk exposure lies at the banking subsidiary level other than $8.2 million in subordinated debentures issued by the Company’s subsidiary grantor trust. As a result, all significant interest rate risk procedures are performed at the banking subsidiary level. The subsidiary Company’s real estate loan portfolio, concentrated primarily within Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties, California, are subject to risks associated with the local economy.
 
The fundamental objective of the Company’s management of its assets and liabilities is to maximize the Company’s economic value while maintaining adequate liquidity and an exposure to interest rate risk deemed by Management to be acceptable. Management believes an acceptable degree of exposure to interest rate risk results from the management of assets and liabilities through maturities, pricing and mix to attempt to neutralize the potential impact of changes in market interest rates. The Company’s profitability is dependent to a large extent upon its net interest income, which is the difference between its interest income on interest earning assets, such as loans and investments, and its interest expense on interest bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. The Company is subject to interest rate risk to the degree that its interest earning assets re-price differently than its interest bearing liabilities. The Company manages its mix of assets and liabilities with the goals of limiting its exposure to interest rate risk, ensuring adequate liquidity, and coordinating its sources and uses of funds.
 
The Company seeks to control interest rate risk exposure in a manner that will allow for adequate levels of earnings and capital over a range of possible interest rate environments. The Company has adopted formal policies and practices to monitor and manage interest rate risk exposure.  Management believes historically it has effectively managed the effect of changes in interest rates on its operating results and believes that it can continue to manage the short-term effect of interest rate changes under various interest rate scenarios.

Management employs the use of an Asset and Liability Management software that is used to measure the Company’s exposure to future changes in interest rates. This model measures the expected cash flows and re-pricing of each financial asset/liability separately in measuring the Company’s interest rate sensitivity.  Based on the results of this model, Management believes the Company’s balance sheet is to a large extent “asset sensitive.”  This means the Company expects (all other things being equal) to expand its net interest income if rates rise and expects it conversely to contract if rates fall.  The level of potential or expected contraction indicated by the tables below is considered acceptable by Management and is compliant with the Company’s ALCO policies.  Management will continue to perform this analysis each quarter to further validate the expected results against actual data.
 
The hypothetical impacts of sudden interest rate movements applied to the Company’s asset and liability balances are modeled monthly. The results of these models indicate how much of the Company’s net interest income is “at risk” from various rate changes over a one year horizon. This exercise is valuable in identifying risk exposures. Management believes the results for the Company’s September 30, 2010 balances indicate that the net interest income at risk over a one year time horizon for a 1% and 2% rate increase and decrease is acceptable and within policy guidelines at this time.

The results in the table below indicate the change in net interest income the Company would expect to see as of September 30, 2010, if interest rates were to change in the amounts set forth:

   
Rate Shock Scenarios
 
(dollars in thousands)
   
-200bp
     
-100bp
   
Base
     
+100bp
     
+200bp
 
                                       
Net interest income (NII)
  $ 44,255     $ 45,589     $ 44,503     $ 43,229     $ 42,457  
                                         
$ Change from base
  $ (248 )   $ 1,086     $ -     $ (1,274 )   $ (2,046 )
                                         
% Change from base
    -0.56 %     2.44 %     0.00 %     -2.86 %     -4.60 %

It is important to note that the above table is a summary of several forecasts and actual results may vary. The forecasts are based on estimates and assumptions of Management that may turn out to be different and may change over time. Factors affecting these estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to 1) competitor behavior, 2) economic conditions both locally and nationally, 3) actions taken by the Federal Reserve Board, 4) customer behavior and 5) Management’s responses. Changes that vary significantly from the assumptions and estimates may have significant effects on the Company’s net interest income; therefore, the results of this analysis should not be relied upon as indicative of actual future results.

 
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The following tables show Management’s estimates of how the loan portfolio is broken out between variable-daily, variable at various time lines, fixed rate loans and estimates of re-pricing opportunities for the entire loan portfolio at September 30, 2010: 

(dollars in thousands)
           
         
Percent of
 
Rate Type
 
Balance
   
Total
 
Variable – daily
  $ 218,867       32.5 %
Variable other than daily
    333,420       49.5 %
Fixed rate
    121,596       18.0 %
                 
Total gross loans
  $ 673,882       100.0 %

The table above identifies approximately 32.5% of the loan portfolio that will re-price immediately in a changing rate environment.  At September 30, 2010, approximately $552.3 million or 82.0% of the Company’s loan portfolio is considered variable.

(dollars in thousands)
           
         
Percent of
 
Re-Pricing
 
Balance
   
Total
 
< 1 Year
  $ 391,763       58.1 %
1-3 Years
    191,710       28.5 %
3-5 Years
    59,563       8.8 %
> 5 Years
    30,846       4.6 %
                 
Total gross loans
  $ 673,882       100.0 %

The following table provides a summary of the loans the Company can expect to see adjust above their floor rates if the Prime rate were to increase by the amounts identified below as of September 30, 2010:

   
Move in Prime Rate (bps)
 
(dollars in thousands)
   
+200
     
+250
     
+300
     
+350
 
Variable daily
  $ 887     $ 12,042     $ 56,092     $ 109,426  
Variable other than daily
    2,370       15,178       62,293       178,740  
                                 
Cumulative total variable at floor
  $ 3,257     $ 27,220     $ 118,385     $ 288,166  

Given the significant decline in Prime rate over the last two years, many loans in the portfolio possess floors significantly higher than the current Prime rate.  Therefore, the Company will need to see rates increase significantly before the majority of loans in the portfolio start to come off their floors.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its Management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurances that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

 
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In connection with the revision to the consolidated financial statements as described in the Explanatory Note of the June 30, 2010 10-Q/A, filed on September 24, 2010 (the “10-Q/A”), Management reevaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2010. In connection therewith, Management identified a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting.  Management determined that the Company did not maintain effective control over the financial reporting process utilized to interpret the applicable accounting literature for computing and allocating the amount attributable to the contingent beneficial conversion feature related to the issuance of Series B Preferred Stock as well as the disclosure of the contingent beneficial conversion feature related to the Series C Preferred Stock, as more fully described in the Explanatory Note on page 2 of the 10-Q/A. Management believes this control deficiency resulted in a misstatement of the net loss applicable to common shareholders.  As a result of this material weakness, Management concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls were not effective as of June 30, 2010.  In light of the material weakness described above, Management revised its consolidated financial statements in the 10-Q/A as discussed previously to ensure that the computation and allocation of the beneficial conversion feature related to the Series B Preferred Stock and the disclosure of the contingent beneficial conversion feature associated with the Series C Preferred Stock was in conformity with the applicable accounting guidance.  Management also believes that the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 10-Q/A were prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in all material respects.

Remediation of Material Weakness

The Company is in the process of actively remediating this material weakness.  The Company is focusing remediation efforts on establishing additional financial reporting processes when events or transactions occur outside of the Company’s usual and routine course of business.

Management believes the additional control procedure, upon implementation, will remediate this material weakness.  Management will validate, through testing of internal controls, the effectiveness of this remediation.  However, the effectiveness of any system of internal controls is subject to inherent limitations and there can be no assurance that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors.  The Company will continue to evaluate and strengthen its internal control over financial reporting system in order to prevent future errors in financial reporting.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. However, as of the date of this report, and as mentioned above, Management is in the process of remediating the material weakness disclosed above.  Management believes that the material weakness it has identified will be remediated by the quarter ended December 31, 2010.

Part II.  Other Information

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

The Bank is party to the following litigation:

Alpert, et al v. Cuesta Title Company, et al.  San Luis Obispo County Sup. Ct. Case no. CV 098220.  Plaintiffs have sued a title company, title insurer, Hurst Financial and related individuals on a variety of claims related to Hurst Financial's lending practices.  The Bank, which made a commercial loan to a developer which also borrowed from Hurst Financial, was named in two causes of action alleging (1) negligence and (2) aiding and abetting Hurst Financial's allegedly illegal lending practices.  The Bank did not lend to any of the plaintiffs or to Hurst Financial, nor did the Bank have any contact whatsoever with the plaintiffs in relation to their transactions with Hurst Financial.  The Bank has foreclosed upon and now owns one of the properties Hurst Financial purportedly financed for the developer using funds raised from the plaintiffs.  The Bank believes the action against it is without merit.  The matter has been tendered to the Bank's insurance carrier, and the Bank is actively defending the case.  The Bank demurred to the amended complaint and the court upheld the demurrer to the cause of action for negligence. Discovery is proceeding and it appears that mediation will take place. The Bank anticipates a favorable outcome to the case and does not expect the litigation to have any material financial impact to the Bank.

Gardality v. Heritage Oaks Bank, et al.  San Diego County Sup. Ct. Case no. 37-2010-00055218-CU-NC. Plaintiff sued the Bank and 157 other defendants.  The pleading indicates the plaintiff’s claim is connected to funds he borrowed from Estate Financial, Inc. (“EFI”) as the developer of a real estate project.  EFI was a customer of the Bank and is now a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding.  The complaint was poorly written and legally deficient to the point where it is impossible to determine the nature or validity of the claim.  The Bank had no contact with the plaintiff prior to service of the complaint and believes that plaintiff’s action against it is without merit.  The matter has been tendered to the Bank’s insurance carrier and the Bank is actively defending the case.  The plaintiff dismissed the defective complaint against the Bank at the Bank’s request, and has not filed a new complaint as of this date. The Bank currently anticipates a favorable outcome to the matter and does not expect the litigation to have any material financial impact to the Bank.

 
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Except as indicated above, neither the Bank nor the Company is involved in any legal proceedings other than routine legal proceedings occurring in the ordinary course of business.  Such routine legal proceedings, in the aggregate, are believed by Management to be immaterial to the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of September 30, 2010.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

During the period covered by this report there were no material changes from risk factors as previously disclosed in the Company’s December 31, 2009 Annual Report filed on Form 10-K in response to Item A to Part I of Form 10-K.

Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities

None.

Purchases of Equity Securities

None.

Item 3.  Defaults upon Senior Securities

(a)
None.

(b)
In the second quarter of 2010 the Company was required to defer dividend payments on its Series A Senior Preferred Stock issued to the U.S. Treasury under the CPP in order to comply with the terms of the Written Agreement entered into between the Company and the Federal Reserve Company of San Francisco.  For more information concerning the Written Agreement, please refer to Note 12. Regulatory Order and Written Agreement of the consolidated financial statements filed on this Form 10-Q.  As of September 30, 2010, the Company has deferred two dividend payment on its Series A Senior Preferred Stock totaling approximately $0.5 million.

Item 4.  (Removed and Reserved)

None.

Item 5.  Other Information

Not applicable.

 
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Item 6.  Exhibits

(a) Exhibits:

Exhibit (31.1)
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
Exhibit (32.1)
  
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 
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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Heritage Oaks Bancorp

Date: November 12, 2010

/s/ Lawrence P. Ward
Lawrence P. Ward
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
(Principal Financial Officer)

 
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