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DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
We use derivative instruments primarily to manage exposures arising in the normal course of business. Our principal exposures are commodity market risk, benchmark interest rate risk and foreign exchange rate exposures. Our use of derivatives for these risks is integrated into the economic management of our anticipated revenues, anticipated expenses, assets and liabilities. Derivatives may be effective in mitigating these risks (1) that could lead to declines in anticipated revenues or increases in anticipated expenses, or (2) that our asset values may fall or our liabilities increase. Accordingly, our derivative activity summarized below generally represents an impact that is intended to offset associated revenues, expenses, assets or liabilities that are not included in the tables below.
In certain cases, we apply the normal purchase or sale exception to derivative instruments and have other commodity contracts that are not derivatives. These contracts are not recorded at fair value and are therefore excluded from the disclosures below.
In all other cases, we record derivatives at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We designate each derivative as (1) a cash flow hedge, (2) a fair value hedge, or (3) undesignated. Depending on the applicability of hedge accounting and, for the California Utilities and other operations subject to regulatory accounting, the requirement to pass impacts through to customers, the impact of derivative instruments may be offset in OCI (cash flow hedge), on the balance sheet (fair value hedges and regulatory offsets), or recognized in earnings. We classify cash flows from the principal settlements of cross-currency swaps that hedge exposure related to Mexican peso-denominated debt as financing activities, and settlements of other derivative instruments as operating activities, on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
HEDGE ACCOUNTING
We may designate a derivative as a cash flow hedging instrument if it effectively converts anticipated cash flows associated with revenues or expenses to a fixed dollar amount. We may utilize cash flow hedge accounting for derivative commodity instruments, foreign currency instruments and interest rate instruments. Designating cash flow hedges is dependent on the business context in which the instrument is being used, the effectiveness of the instrument in offsetting the risk that the future cash flows of a given revenue or expense item may vary, and other criteria.
We may designate an interest rate derivative as a fair value hedging instrument if it effectively converts our own debt from a fixed interest rate to a variable rate. The combination of the derivative and debt instrument results in fixing that portion of the fair value of the debt that is related to benchmark interest rates. Designating fair value hedges is dependent on the instrument being used, the effectiveness of the instrument in offsetting changes in the fair value of our debt instruments, and other criteria.
ENERGY DERIVATIVES
Our market risk is primarily related to natural gas and electricity price volatility and the specific physical locations where we transact. We use energy derivatives to manage these risks. The use of energy derivatives in our various businesses depends on the particular energy market, and the operating and regulatory environments applicable to the business, as follows:
▪
The California Utilities use natural gas and electricity derivatives, for the benefit of customers, with the objective of managing price risk and basis risks, and stabilizing and lowering natural gas and electricity costs. These derivatives include fixed price natural gas and electricity positions, options, and basis risk instruments, which are either exchange-traded or over-the-counter financial instruments, or bilateral physical transactions. This activity is governed by risk management and transacting activity plans that have been filed with and approved by the CPUC. Natural gas and electricity derivative activities are recorded as commodity costs that are offset by regulatory account balances and are recovered in rates. Net commodity cost impacts on the
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are reflected in Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power or in Cost of Natural Gas.
▪
SDG&E is allocated and may purchase CRRs, which serve to reduce the regional electricity price volatility risk that may result from local transmission capacity constraints. Unrealized gains and losses do not impact earnings, as they are offset by regulatory account balances. Realized gains and losses associated with CRRs, which are recoverable in rates, are recorded in Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
▪
Sempra Mexico, Sempra LNG & Midstream, and Sempra Renewables may use natural gas and electricity derivatives, as appropriate, to optimize the earnings of their assets which support the following businesses: LNG, natural gas transportation and storage, and power generation. Gains and losses associated with undesignated derivatives are recognized in Energy-Related Businesses Revenues or in Cost of Natural Gas, Electric Fuel and Purchased Power on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Certain of these derivatives may also be designated as cash flow hedges. Sempra Mexico may also use natural gas energy derivatives with the objective of managing price risk and lowering natural gas prices at its distribution operations. These derivatives, which are recorded as commodity costs that are offset by regulatory account balances and recovered in rates, are recognized in Cost of Natural Gas on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
▪
From time to time, our various businesses, including the California Utilities, may use other energy derivatives to hedge exposures such as the price of vehicle fuel and GHG allowances.
We summarize net energy derivative volumes at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 as follows:
NET ENERGY DERIVATIVE VOLUMES
(Quantities in millions)
Commodity
Unit of measure
 
March 31,
2018
 
December 31,
2017
California Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
Natural gas
MMBtu
 
33

 
39

Electricity
MWh
 
3

 
3

Congestion revenue rights
MWh
 
57

 
59

 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy-Related Businesses:
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra LNG & Midstream – natural gas
MMBtu
 
5

 
3

Sempra Mexico – natural gas
MMBtu
 
17

 
4



In addition to the amounts noted above, we frequently use commodity derivatives to manage risks associated with the physical locations of contractual obligations and assets, such as natural gas purchases and sales.
INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES
We are exposed to interest rates primarily as a result of our current and expected use of financing. The California Utilities, as well as Sempra Energy and its other subsidiaries and joint ventures, periodically enter into interest rate derivative agreements intended to moderate our exposure to interest rates and to lower our overall costs of borrowing. We may utilize interest rate swaps typically designated as fair value hedges, as a means to achieve our targeted level of variable rate debt as a percent of total debt. In addition, we may utilize interest rate swaps, typically designated as cash flow hedges, to lock in interest rates on outstanding debt or in anticipation of future financings. Separately, Otay Mesa VIE has entered into interest rate swap agreements, designated as cash flow hedges, to moderate its exposure to interest rate changes.
At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the net notional amounts of our interest rate derivatives, excluding joint ventures, were:
INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES
(Dollars in millions)
 
March 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
Notional debt
 
Maturities
 
Notional debt
 
Maturities
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges(1)
$
845

 
2018-2032
 
$
861

 
2018-2032
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedge(1)
292

 
2018-2019
 
295

 
2018-2019
(1) 
Includes Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s interest rate derivatives relate to Otay Mesa VIE.
FOREIGN CURRENCY DERIVATIVES
We utilize cross-currency swaps to hedge exposure related to Mexican peso-denominated debt at our Mexican subsidiaries and joint ventures. These cash flow hedges exchange our Mexican peso-denominated principal and interest payments into the U.S. dollar and swap Mexican variable interest rates for U.S. fixed interest rates. From time to time, Sempra Mexico and its joint ventures may use other foreign currency derivatives to hedge exposures related to cash flows associated with revenues from contracts denominated in Mexican pesos that are indexed to the U.S. dollar.
We are also exposed to exchange rate movements at our Mexican subsidiaries and joint ventures, which have U.S. dollar-denominated cash balances, receivables, payables and debt (monetary assets and liabilities) that give rise to Mexican currency exchange rate movements for Mexican income tax purposes. They also have deferred income tax assets and liabilities denominated in the Mexican peso, which must be translated to U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. In addition, monetary assets and liabilities and certain nonmonetary assets and liabilities are adjusted for Mexican inflation for Mexican income tax purposes. We utilize foreign currency derivatives as a means to manage the risk of exposure to significant fluctuations in our income tax expense and equity earnings from these impacts, however we generally do not hedge our deferred income tax assets and liabilities or inflation.
In addition, Sempra South American Utilities and its joint ventures use foreign currency derivatives to manage foreign currency rate risk. We discuss these derivatives at Chilquinta Energía’s Eletrans joint venture investment in Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report.
At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the net notional amounts of our foreign currency derivatives, excluding joint ventures, were:
FOREIGN CURRENCY DERIVATIVES
(Dollars in millions)
 
March 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
 
Notional amount
 
Maturities
 
Notional amount
 
Maturities
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cross-currency swaps
$
306

 
2018-2023
 
$
408

 
2018-2023
Other foreign currency derivatives
975

 
2018-2019
 
345

 
2018-2019
FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION
The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets reflect the offsetting of net derivative positions and cash collateral with the same counterparty when a legal right of offset exists. The following tables provide the fair values of derivative instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, including the amount of cash collateral receivables that were not offset, as the cash collateral was in excess of liability positions.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS ON THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
March 31, 2018
 
Current
assets:
Fixed-price
contracts
and other
derivatives(1)
 
Other
assets:
Sundry
 
Current liabilities:
Fixed-price
contracts
and other
derivatives(2)
 
Deferred
credits
and other
liabilities:
Fixed-price
contracts
and other
derivatives
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate and foreign exchange instruments(3)
$
1

 
$
2

 
$
(12
)
 
$
(122
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange instruments
43

 
—

 
—

 
—

Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
64

 
10

 
(61
)
 
(11
)
Associated offsetting commodity contracts
(54
)
 
(8
)
 
54

 
8

Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
22

 
98

 
(60
)
 
(123
)
Associated offsetting cash collateral
—

 
—

 
16

 
7

Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
76

 
102

 
(63
)
 
(241
)
Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
not subject to rate recovery
21

 
—

 
—

 
—

Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
subject to rate recovery
14

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total(4)
$
111

 
$
102

 
$
(63
)
 
$
(241
)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instruments(3)
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
(8
)
 
$
(1
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
20

 
98

 
(59
)
 
(123
)
Associated offsetting cash collateral
—

 
—

 
16

 
7

Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
20

 
98

 
(51
)
 
(117
)
Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
subject to rate recovery
12

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total(4)
$
32

 
$
98


$
(51
)

$
(117
)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$
2

 
$
—

 
$
(1
)
 
$
—

Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
2

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
subject to rate recovery
2

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total
$
4

 
$
—

 
$
(1
)
 
$
—

 
(1) 
Included in Current Assets: Other for SoCalGas.
(2) 
Included in Current Liabilities: Other for SoCalGas.
(3) 
Includes Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s amounts relate to Otay Mesa VIE.
(4) 
Normal purchase contracts previously measured at fair value are excluded.

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS ON THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
December 31, 2017
 
Current
assets:
Fixed-price
contracts
and other
derivatives(1)
 
Other
assets:
Sundry
 
Current liabilities:
Fixed-price
contracts
and other
derivatives(2)
 
Deferred
credits
and other
liabilities:
Fixed-price
contracts
and other
derivatives
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate and foreign exchange instruments(3)
$
5

 
$
2

 
$
(51
)
 
$
(165
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange instruments
—

 
—

 
(1
)
 
—

Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
81

 
8

 
(72
)
 
(6
)
Associated offsetting commodity contracts
(67
)
 
(5
)
 
67

 
5

Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
28

 
101

 
(65
)
 
(120
)
Associated offsetting commodity contracts
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
1

Associated offsetting cash collateral
—

 
—

 
19

 
4

Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
47

 
105

 
(103
)
 
(281
)
Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
not subject to rate recovery
2

 
—

 
—

 
—

Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
subject to rate recovery
17

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total(4)
$
66

 
$
105

 
$
(103
)
 
$
(281
)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instruments(3)
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
(10
)
 
$
(3
)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
26

 
101

 
(63
)
 
(120
)
Associated offsetting commodity contracts
—

 
(1
)
 
—

 
1

Associated offsetting cash collateral
—

 
—

 
19

 
4

Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
26

 
100

 
(54
)
 
(118
)
Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
subject to rate recovery
16

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total(4)
$
42

 
$
100

 
$
(54
)
 
$
(118
)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$
2

 
$
—

 
$
(2
)
 
$
—

Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
2

 
—

 
(2
)
 
—

Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
subject to rate recovery
1

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
(2
)
 
$
—

(1) Included in Current Assets: Other for SoCalGas.
(2) Included in Current Liabilities: Other for SoCalGas.
(3) Includes Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s amounts relate to Otay Mesa VIE.
(4) Normal purchase contracts previously measured at fair value are excluded.

The table below includes the effects of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and in OCI and AOCI for the three months ended March 31:
CASH FLOW HEDGE IMPACTS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pretax gain (loss)
recognized in OCI
 
 
 
Pretax (loss) gain reclassified
from AOCI into earnings
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2018
 
2017
 
Location
 
2018
 
2017
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate and foreign
exchange instruments(1)
$
54

 
$
16

 
Interest Expense
 
$
2

 
$
3

 
 
 
 
 
Other Income, Net
 
18

 
—

Interest rate and foreign
exchange instruments
70

 
(14
)
 
Equity Losses
 
(4
)
 
(4
)
Foreign exchange instruments
(7
)
 
(9
)
 
Revenues: Energy-
Related Businesses
 
—

 
(2
)
Commodity contracts not subject
to rate recovery
—

 
3

 
Revenues: Energy-
Related Businesses
 
—

 
(9
)
Total
$
117

 
$
(4
)
 
 
 
$
16

 
$
(12
)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instruments(1)
$
1

 
$
—

 
Interest Expense
 
$
(3
)
 
$
(3
)
(1) 
Amounts include Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s interest rate derivative activity relates to Otay Mesa VIE.

For Sempra Energy Consolidated, we expect that net losses of $13 million, which are net of income tax benefit, that are currently recorded in AOCI (including $7 million of losses in NCI related to Otay Mesa VIE at SDG&E) related to cash flow hedges will be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months as the hedged items affect earnings. SoCalGas expects that $1 million of losses, net of income tax benefit, that are currently recorded in AOCI related to cash flow hedges will be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months as the hedged items affect earnings. Actual amounts ultimately reclassified into earnings depend on the interest rates in effect when derivative contracts mature.
For all forecasted transactions, the maximum remaining term over which we are hedging exposure to the variability of cash flows at March 31, 2018 is approximately 14 years and 1 year for Sempra Energy Consolidated and SDG&E, respectively. The maximum remaining term for which we are hedging exposure to the variability of cash flows at our equity method investees is 18 years.
The effects of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31 were:
UNDESIGNATED DERIVATIVE IMPACTS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Pretax gain (loss) on derivatives recognized in earnings
 
 
Three months ended
March 31,
 
Location
2018
 
2017
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange instruments
Other Income, Net
$
44

 
$
65

Commodity contracts not subject
to rate recovery
Revenues: Energy-Related
Businesses
(9
)
 
14

Commodity contracts not subject
to rate recovery
Operation and Maintenance
—

 
(1
)
Commodity contracts subject
to rate recovery
Cost of Electric Fuel
and Purchased Power
2

 
(29
)
Commodity contracts subject
to rate recovery
Cost of Natural Gas
1

 
—

Total
 
$
38

 
$
49

SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts subject
to rate recovery
Cost of Electric Fuel
and Purchased Power
$
2

 
$
(29
)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts not subject
to rate recovery
Operation and Maintenance
$
—

 
$
(1
)
Commodity contracts subject
to rate recovery
Cost of Natural Gas
1

 
—

Total
 
$
1

 
$
(1
)

CONTINGENT FEATURES
For Sempra Energy Consolidated and SDG&E, certain of our derivative instruments contain credit limits which vary depending on our credit ratings. Generally, these provisions, if applicable, may reduce our credit limit if a specified credit rating agency reduces our ratings. In certain cases, if our credit ratings were to fall below investment grade, the counterparty to these derivative liability instruments could request immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing full collateralization. 
For Sempra Energy Consolidated, the total fair value of this group of derivative instruments in a net liability position at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is $1 million and $6 million, respectively. At March 31, 2018, if the credit ratings of Sempra Energy were reduced below investment grade, $2 million of additional assets could be required to be posted as collateral for these derivative contracts.
For SDG&E, the total fair value of this group of derivative instruments in a net asset position is negligible at March 31, 2018 and in a net liability position is $1 million at December 31, 2017. At March 31, 2018, if the credit ratings of SDG&E were reduced below investment grade, a negligible amount of additional assets could be required to be posted as collateral for these derivative contracts.
For Sempra Energy Consolidated, SDG&E and SoCalGas, some of our derivative contracts contain a provision that would permit the counterparty, in certain circumstances, to request adequate assurance of our performance under the contracts. Such additional assurance, if needed, is not material and is not included in the amounts above.