EX-13 14 ex13.htm EXHIBIT 13.1 Unassociated Document
SEMPRA ENERGY FINANCIAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
  
 
Page
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
2
Our Business
2
Executive Summary
9
Business Strategy
9
Key Events and Issues in 2013
9
Results of Operations
11
Overall Results of Operations of Sempra Energy and Factors Affecting the Results
11
Segment Results
14
Changes in Revenues, Costs and Earnings
20
Transactions with Affiliates
39
Book Value Per Share
39
Capital Resources and Liquidity
39
Overview
39
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
43
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
46
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
51
Credit Ratings
58
Factors Influencing Future Performance
58
California Utilities
58
Sempra International
63
Sempra U.S. Gas & Power
65
Other Sempra Energy Matters
68
Litigation
69
Market Risk
69
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, and Key Noncash Performance Indicators
72
New Accounting Standards
78
Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
79
Common Stock Data
 
80
Performance Graph – Comparative Total Shareholder Returns
 
81
Five-Year Summaries
 
82
Controls and Procedures
84
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
84
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
84
Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
 
85
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
86
Consolidated Financial Statements
92
Sempra Energy
92
San Diego Gas & Electric Company
100
Southern California Gas Company
107
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
113
Glossary
 
240
 
This Financial Report is a combined report for the following separate companies (each a separate Securities and Exchange Commission registrant):
   
Sempra Energy
San Diego Gas & Electric Company
Southern California Gas Company
  

 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
We provide below:
 
§  
A description of our business
 
§  
An executive summary
 
§  
A discussion and analysis of our operating results for 2011 through 2013
 
§  
Information about our capital resources and liquidity
 
§  
Major factors expected to influence our future operating results
 
§  
A discussion of market risk affecting our businesses
 
§  
A table of accounting policies that we consider critical to our financial condition and results of operations
 
You should read Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report, and in “Risk Factors” contained in our 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 

 
OUR BUSINESS
 

Sempra Energy is a Fortune 500 energy-services holding company whose operating units develop energy infrastructure, operate utilities and provide related services to their customers. Our operations are divided principally between our California Utilities, which are San Diego Gas & Electric Company (SDG&E) and Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas), and Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power. SDG&E and SoCalGas are separate, reportable segments. Sempra International includes two reportable segments – Sempra South American Utilities and Sempra Mexico. Sempra U.S. Gas & Power also includes two reportable segments – Sempra Renewables and Sempra Natural Gas. (See Figure 1.)
 
 

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Figure 1: Sempra Energy’s Operating Units and Reportable Segments


This report includes information for the following separate registrants:
 
§  
Sempra Energy and its consolidated entities
 
§  
SDG&E
 
§  
SoCalGas
 
References to “we,” “our” and “Sempra Energy Consolidated” are to Sempra Energy and its consolidated entities, collectively, unless otherwise indicated by its context. All references to “Sempra International” and “Sempra U.S. Gas & Power,” and to their respective principal segments, are not intended to refer to any legal entity with the same or similar name.
 
In the first quarter of 2013, a Sempra Energy subsidiary, Infraestructura Energética Nova, S.A.B. de C.V. (IEnova), completed a private offering in the U.S. and outside of Mexico and concurrent public offering in Mexico of common stock. IEnova is a separate legal entity, formerly known as Sempra México, S.A. de C.V., comprised primarily of Sempra Energy’s operations in Mexico. IEnova is included within our Sempra Mexico reportable segment, but is not the same in its entirety as the reportable segment. In addition to the IEnova operating companies, the Sempra Mexico segment includes, among other things, certain holding companies and risk management activity. Also, IEnova’s financial results are reported in Mexico under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as required by the Mexican Stock Exchange (La Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V., BMV) where the shares are traded under the symbol IENOVA. We discuss the offerings and IEnova further in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
RBS Sempra Commodities LLP (RBS Sempra Commodities) is a joint venture partnership that held commodities-marketing businesses previously owned by us. We and The Royal Bank of Scotland plc (RBS), our partner in the joint venture, sold substantially all of the partnership’s businesses and assets in four separate transactions completed in 2010 and early 2011. We discuss these transactions and other matters concerning the partnership in Notes 4, 5 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. We account for our remaining investment in RBS Sempra Commodities under the equity method and report our share of partnership earnings and other associated costs in Parent and Other.
 
RBS Sempra Commodities had various agreements with our Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas segments. These agreements were substantially assigned to certain buyers of the RBS Sempra Commodities businesses by May 1, 2011.
 
Below are summary descriptions of our operating units and their reportable segments.
 
 
SEMPRA ENERGY OPERATING UNITS AND REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
 

CALIFORNIA UTILITIES
    
 
MARKET
SERVICE TERRITORY
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY (SDG&E)
A regulated public utility; infrastructure supports electric generation, transmission and distribution, and natural gas distribution
§ Provides electricity to 3.4 million consumers (1.4 million meters)
 
§ Provides natural gas to 3.2 million consumers (0.9 million meters)
 
 
Serves the county of San Diego, California and an adjacent portion of southern Orange County covering 4,100 square miles
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY (SOCALGAS)
A regulated public utility; infrastructure supports natural gas distribution, transmission and storage
§ Residential, commercial, industrial, utility electric generation and wholesale customers
 
§ Covers a population of 21.3 million (5.8 million meters)
 
 
Southern California and portions of central California (excluding San Diego County, the city of Long Beach and the desert area of San Bernardino County) covering 20,000 square miles

 
We refer to SDG&E and SoCalGas collectively as the California Utilities, which do not include the utilities in our Sempra International or Sempra U.S. Gas & Power operating units described below.
 

 
SDG&E
 
SDG&E provides electricity to 3.4 million consumers and natural gas to 3.2 million consumers. It delivers the electricity through 1.4 million meters in San Diego County and an adjacent portion of southern Orange County, California. SDG&E’s electric energy is purchased from others or generated from its own electric generation facilities and, prior to the second quarter of 2012, its 20-percent interest in the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS). Due to operating issues, SONGS was taken offline in the first quarter of 2012, and in June 2013, Southern California Edison Company (Edison), the majority owner and operator of SONGS, made the decision to permanently retire the facility. We discuss the SONGS retirement and related issues in “Factors Influencing Future Performance” below and in Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. SDG&E’s electric generation facilities include Palomar Energy Center, Miramar Energy Center, Desert Star Energy Center (purchased from Sempra Natural Gas in October 2011) and Cuyamaca Peak Energy Plant (purchased in January 2012). SDG&E also delivers natural gas through 0.9 million meters in San Diego County and transports electricity and natural gas for others. SDG&E’s service territory encompasses 4,100 square miles.
 
Sempra Energy indirectly owns all of the common stock of SDG&E. SDG&E had publicly held preferred stock that was redeemed in October 2013. We discuss the redemption in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
SDG&E’s financial statements include a variable interest entity (VIE), Otay Mesa Energy Center LLC (Otay Mesa VIE), of which SDG&E is the primary beneficiary. As we discuss in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under “Variable Interest Entities,” SDG&E has a long-term power purchase agreement with Otay Mesa VIE.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
SoCalGas is the nation’s largest natural gas distribution utility. It owns and operates a natural gas distribution, transmission and storage system that supplies natural gas throughout its approximately 20,000 square miles of service territory.  Its service territory extends from San Luis Obispo, California in the north to the Mexican border in the south, excluding San Diego County, the city of Long Beach and the desert area of San Bernardino County. SoCalGas provides natural gas service to residential, commercial, industrial, utility electric generation and wholesale customers through 5.8 million meters, covering a population of 21.3 million.
 
Sempra Energy indirectly owns all of the common stock of SoCalGas. SoCalGas has publicly held preferred stock. The preferred stock has liquidation preferences totaling $22 million and represents less than 1% of the ordinary voting power of SoCalGas shares.
 
We provide here descriptions of our Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power businesses, primarily operations relating to 2013, 2012 and 2011 earnings. We provide additional information regarding development projects at each of their segments in “Factors Influencing Future Performance” below.
 
 

 
SEMPRA INTERNATIONAL
    
 
MARKET
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
SEMPRA SOUTH AMERICAN UTILITIES
Infrastructure supports electric transmission and distribution
§ Provides electricity to approximately 640,000 customers in Chile and 996,000 customers in Peru
 
 
§ Chile
 
§ Peru
 
 
 
SEMPRA MEXICO
Develops, owns and operates, or holds interests in:
§ natural gas transmission pipelines and propane and ethane systems
 
§ a natural gas distribution utility
 
§ electric generation facilities, including wind
 
§ a terminal for the import of liquefied natural gas (LNG)
 
§ marketing operations for the purchase of LNG and the purchase and sale of natural gas
 
 
§ Natural gas
 
§ Wholesale electricity
 
§ Liquefied natural gas
 
 
 
§ Mexico
 
 
 

 

 
Sempra International
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
Sempra South American Utilities operates electric transmission and distribution utilities in Chile and Peru, and until June 2013, owned interests in utilities in Argentina. We discuss the sale of the two Argentine natural gas utility holding companies in Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
On April 6, 2011, Sempra South American Utilities completed the acquisition of AEI’s interests in Chilquinta Energía S.A. (Chilquinta Energía) in Chile and Luz del Sur S.A.A. (Luz del Sur) in Peru. Upon completion of the transaction, Sempra South American Utilities owned 100 percent of Chilquinta Energía and approximately 76 percent of Luz del Sur, and consolidated the companies. Pursuant to a tender offer that was completed in September 2011, Sempra South American Utilities now owns 79.82 percent of Luz del Sur, as we discuss in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The remaining shares of Luz del Sur are held by institutional investors and the general public. Prior to the acquisition in 2011, we accounted for our 50-percent interest in Chilquinta Energía and approximately 38-percent interest in Luz del Sur as equity method investments.
 
Chilquinta Energía is an electric distribution utility serving approximately 640,000 customers in the cities of Valparaiso and Viña del Mar in central Chile. Luz del Sur is an electric distribution utility that serves approximately 996,000 customers in the southern zone of metropolitan Lima, Peru, and delivers approximately one-third of all power used in the country. As part of the transaction, Sempra South American Utilities also acquired AEI’s interests in two energy-services companies, Tecnored S.A. (Tecnored) and Tecsur S.A. (Tecsur).
 
Sempra Mexico
 
Gas Business
 
Pipelines. Sempra Mexico develops, owns and operates natural gas transmission pipelines and propane and ethane systems in Mexico. These facilities are contracted under long-term, U.S. dollar-based agreements with Petróleos Mexicanos (or PEMEX, the Mexican state-owned oil company), the Federal Electricity Commission (Comisión Federal de Electricidad, or CFE), Shell México Gas Natural (Shell), Gazprom Marketing & Trading Mexico (Gazprom) and other similar counterparties. Its natural gas pipeline systems had a contracted capacity for up to 4,540 million cubic feet (MMcf) per day in 2013.
 
Sempra Mexico also owns a 50-percent interest in Gasoductos de Chihuahua, a joint venture with PEMEX that operates several natural gas pipelines and propane systems in Mexico.
 
Pipeline projects currently under construction by Sempra Mexico that are both regulated by the Comisión Reguladora de Energía (or CRE, the Energy Regulatory Commission) and meet the regulatory accounting requirements of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) record the impact of allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC) related to equity. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2013, Sempra Mexico began recording AFUDC equity for its Sonora Pipeline project. Sempra Mexico’s joint venture with PEMEX also began recording AFUDC equity for its Los Ramones I Pipeline project in the fourth quarter of 2013.
 
LNG. Sempra Mexico’s Energía Costa Azul LNG terminal in Baja California, Mexico is capable of processing 1 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of natural gas per day. The Energía Costa Azul facility generates revenue under capacity services agreements with Shell and Gazprom, expiring in 2028, that permit them, together, to use one-half of the terminal’s capacity.
 
In connection with Sempra Natural Gas’ LNG purchase agreement with Tangguh PSC Contractors (Tangguh PSC), which we discuss below, Sempra Mexico purchases from Sempra Natural Gas the LNG delivered to Energía Costa Azul by Tangguh PSC. Sempra Mexico uses the natural gas produced from this LNG to supply a contract through 2022 for the sale of an average of approximately 150 MMcf per day of natural gas to Mexico’s national electric company, the CFE, at prices that are based on the Southern California border index. If LNG volumes received from Tangguh PSC are not sufficient to satisfy the commitment to the CFE, Sempra Mexico may purchase natural gas from Sempra Natural Gas’ natural gas marketing operations.
 
Natural Gas Distribution. Sempra Mexico’s natural gas distribution utility, Ecogas Mexico, S de RL de CV (Ecogas), operates in three separate areas in Mexico, and had approximately 99,000 customers and sales volume of 65 MMcf per day in 2013.
 
Power Business
 
Natural Gas-Fired Generation. Sempra Mexico’s Termoeléctrica de Mexicali, a 625-megawatt (MW) natural gas-fired power plant, is located in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. In January 2013, Sempra Mexico’s Termoeléctrica de Mexicali entered into an Energy Management Agreement (EMA), effective January 1, 2012, with our Sempra Natural Gas segment for energy marketing, scheduling and other related services to support its sales of generated power into the California electricity market. Under the EMA, Termoeléctrica de Mexicali pays fees to Sempra Natural Gas for these revenue-generating services. Termoeléctrica de Mexicali also purchases fuel from Sempra Natural Gas. J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corporation (J.P. Morgan Ventures) and J.P. Morgan Mexico facilitate the natural gas transactions between the segments. Sempra Mexico records revenue for the sale of power generated by Termoeléctrica de Mexicali, and records cost of sales for the purchases of natural gas and energy management services provided by Sempra Natural Gas.
 
The EMA replaced a similar agreement that was in effect in prior years, under which Sempra Mexico recorded revenue for the sale of power generated by Termoeléctrica de Mexicali to Sempra Natural Gas, and recorded cost of sales for the purchases from Sempra Natural Gas of natural gas to fuel the facility. J.P. Morgan Ventures and J.P. Morgan Mexico facilitated the natural gas transactions between the segments.
 
Wind Power Generation. Sempra Mexico is developing a wind power generation project, Energía Sierra Juárez, in Baja California, Mexico, which is designed to provide up to 1,200 MW of capacity if fully developed. In April 2011, SDG&E entered into a 20-year contract for up to 156 MW of renewable power supplied from the first phase of the project, which we expect to be fully operational in the first quarter of 2015. Sempra Mexico intends to finance and develop the project within the framework of a joint venture.
 

 
SEMPRA U.S. GAS & POWER
    
 
MARKET
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
SEMPRA RENEWABLES
Develops, owns, operates, or holds interests in renewable energy generation projects
§ Wholesale electricity
 
 
§ U.S.A.
 
 
 
SEMPRA NATURAL GAS
Develops, owns and operates, or holds interests in:
§ a natural gas-fired electric generation asset
 
§ natural gas pipelines and storage facilities
 
§ natural gas distribution utilities
 
§ a terminal in the U.S. for the import and export of LNG and sale of natural gas
 
§ marketing operations
 
 
§ Wholesale electricity
 
§ Natural gas
 
§ Liquefied natural gas
 
 
 
§ U.S.A.
 
 
 
 

 
 
Sempra U.S. Gas & Power
 
Sempra Renewables
 
The following table provides information about the Sempra Renewables solar and wind energy generation facilities that were operational as of December 31, 2013. The generating capacity of these facilities is fully contracted under long-term power purchase agreements (PPA) for the periods indicated in the table.
 
The majority of Sempra Renewables’ wind farm assets also earn production tax credits (PTC) based on the number of megawatt hours of electricity they generate. A PTC is a federal subsidy that effectively pays wind producers a flat rate for making clean energy and enables wind producers like Sempra Renewables to pass on the benefit to its customers. Because PTCs last for ten years after project completion, any wind turbine that was under construction before the end of 2013 will still earn a full decade of PTCs. For each of the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, PTCs represented a large portion of our wind farm earnings, often exceeding earnings from operations. 
 

SEMPRA RENEWABLES OPERATING FACILITIES
Capacity in Megawatts (MW) at December 31, 2013
Name
Generating Capacity
  
 
PPA Term in Years
 
First In Service
  
Location
Wholly owned facility:
            
Copper Mountain Solar 1
10/48
  
20
2008/2010
  
Boulder City, Nevada
             
Jointly owned facilities(1):
            
Auwahi Wind Farm
11
  
20
2012
  
Maui, Hawaii
Cedar Creek 2 Wind Farm
125
  
25
2011
  
New Raymer, Colorado
Copper Mountain Solar 2
46
  
25
2012
  
Boulder City, Nevada
Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm
235
  
20 and 25
2012
  
Wichita, Kansas
Fowler Ridge 2 Wind Farm
100
  
20
2009
  
Benton County, Indiana
Mehoopany Wind Farm
71
  
20
2012
  
Wyoming County, Pennsylvania
Mesquite Solar 1
21/54
(2)
20
2011/2012
  
Arlington, Arizona
            Total MW in operation 721           
(1)
Sempra Renewables has a 50-percent interest in each of these facilities and accounts for them as equity method investments. The generating capacity represents Sempra Renewables’ share only.
(2)
 
Total generating capacity of 42 MW/108 MW was placed in service in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The capacity noted in the above table represents Sempra Renewables’ share only.
 
 
 
The first phase of Copper Mountain Solar 2 (CMS 2) of 92 MW was placed in service in November 2012. Mesquite Solar 1’s (MS 1) 150-MW photovoltaic solar installation went fully into service in December 2012. In the third quarter of 2013, Sempra Renewables sold 50-percent equity interests in these facilities to Consolidated Edison Development (ConEdison Development). We discuss these sales further in Notes 3 and 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
Generation. Sempra Natural Gas sells electricity under short-term and long-term contracts and into the spot market and other competitive markets. While it may also purchase electricity in the open market to satisfy its contractual obligations, Sempra Natural Gas generally purchases natural gas to fuel its Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant, described below, and Sempra Mexico’s Termoeléctrica de Mexicali power plant, described above. The Mesquite Power plant is a 1,250-MW facility located in Arlington, Arizona. In February 2013, Sempra Natural Gas sold one 625-MW block of Mesquite Power to the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District for $371 million. In January 2014, management approved a plan to market and sell the remaining 625-MW block of the plant. We expect to complete the sale in 2014.
 
In June 2011, Sempra Natural Gas entered into a 25-year contract with various members of Southwest Public Power Resources Group (SPPR Group), an association of 40 not-for-profit utilities in Arizona and southern Nevada, for 240 MW of electricity from the Mesquite Power plant. This contract was amended in early 2013 to increase the capacity to 271 MW. Under the terms of the agreement, Sempra Natural Gas will provide 21 participating SPPR Group members with firm, day-ahead dispatchable power delivered to the Palo Verde hub beginning in January 2015. This contract may be assigned to the buyer of the remaining 625-MW block of Mesquite Power.
 
Sempra Natural Gas also has various power sale transactions intended to hedge its generation capacity. Through 2013, Sempra Natural Gas sold its power to various counterparties, including J.P. Morgan Ventures. Contracts with J.P. Morgan Ventures were initially with RBS Sempra Commodities. In connection with the 2010 sale of businesses within RBS Sempra Commodities, substantially all of these transactions with RBS Sempra Commodities were assigned to J.P. Morgan Ventures by May 1, 2011. In addition, Sempra Natural Gas has power sale transactions for various quantities of power for delivery in 2013 and 2014. Finally, Sempra Natural Gas has sold certain quantities of expected future generation output under long-term contracts. The remaining output of our natural gas-fired generation facilities, including that of Sempra Mexico’s Termoeléctrica de Mexicali power plant, is available to be sold into energy markets on a day-to-day basis.
 
In January 2013, Sempra Natural Gas entered into an EMA, effective January 1, 2012, with Sempra Mexico to provide energy marketing, scheduling and other related services to Sempra Mexico’s Termoeléctrica de Mexicali to support its sales of generated power into the California electricity market. We discuss the EMA in “Sempra Mexico – Power Business” above.
 
Sempra Natural Gas sold its El Dorado (renamed Desert Star) natural gas-fired generation plant (excluding the solar facility) to SDG&E on October 1, 2011. This sale, pursuant to an option to acquire the plant that was exercised by SDG&E in 2007, coincided with the end of a contract with the California Department of Water Resources (DWR). Prior to September 30, 2011, the Mesquite Power plant and the El Dorado generation plant, along with Sempra Mexico’s Termoeléctrica de Mexicali power plant, sold the majority of their output under this long-term purchased-power contract with the DWR which provided for 1,200 MW to be supplied during all hours and an additional 400 MW during on-peak hours, and which ended on September 30, 2011.
 
Transportation and Storage. Sempra Natural Gas owns and operates, or holds interests in, natural gas underground storage and related pipeline facilities in Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi. Sempra Natural Gas provides natural gas marketing, trading and risk management services through the utilization and optimization of contracted natural gas supply, transportation and storage capacity, as well as optimizing its assets in the short-term services market.
 
Sempra Natural Gas, Tallgrass Energy Partners, L.P. (Tallgrass) and Phillips 66 jointly own, through Rockies Express Pipeline LLC (Rockies Express), the Rockies Express Pipeline (REX) that links the Rocky Mountain region to the upper Midwest and the eastern United States. Our ownership interest in the pipeline is 25 percent. Tallgrass purchased its 50-percent equity interest in Rockies Express from Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P. (Kinder Morgan or KMP) in November 2012, as we discuss in Notes 4 and 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Sempra Rockies Marketing has an agreement through November 2019 with Rockies Express for 200 MMcf per day of capacity on REX, which has a total capacity of 1.8 Bcf per day. Sempra Rockies Marketing released a portion of its capacity to RBS Sempra Commodities, which capacity was assigned to J.P. Morgan Ventures effective January 1, 2011 in connection with the sale of businesses within RBS Sempra Commodities. This contract expired on December 31, 2013. Sempra Rockies Marketing has entered into new capacity release arrangements, but these new agreements and any additional capacity release agreements that we may enter into may not be sufficient to offset all of our capacity payments to Rockies Express.
 
In 2012, we recorded a noncash impairment charge of $239 million after-tax to write down our investment in the partnership that operates REX. We discuss our investment in Rockies Express and the impairments in Notes 4 and 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Distribution.  Sempra Natural Gas owns and operates Mobile Gas Service Corporation (Mobile Gas) and Willmut Gas Company (Willmut Gas), regulated natural gas distribution utilities in southwest Alabama and in Mississippi, respectively. Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas serve approximately 87,000 customers and 19,000 customers, respectively. Sempra Natural Gas acquired Willmut Gas in May 2012, as we discuss in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
LNG. Sempra Natural Gas’ Cameron LNG regasification terminal in Hackberry, Louisiana is capable of processing 1.5 Bcf of natural gas per day. Cameron LNG generates revenue under a terminal services agreement for approximately 3.75 Bcf of natural gas storage and associated send-out rights of approximately 600 MMcf of natural gas per day through 2029. The agreement allows the customer to pay Sempra Natural Gas capacity reservation and usage fees to use its facilities to receive, store and regasify the customer’s LNG. Sempra Natural Gas also may enter into short-term and/or long-term supply agreements to purchase LNG to be received, stored and regasified at its terminal for sale to other parties. Sempra Natural Gas is currently progressing with the development of a natural gas liquefaction and LNG export facility at the Cameron LNG terminal. We discuss these activities below in “Factors Influencing Future Performance.”
 
Sempra Natural Gas has an LNG purchase agreement with Tangguh PSC for the supply of the equivalent of 500 MMcf of natural gas per day from Tangguh PSC’s Indonesian liquefaction facility with delivery to Sempra Mexico’s Energía Costa Azul receipt terminal at a price based on the Southern California border index for natural gas. Sempra Natural Gas may also record revenues from non-delivery of cargoes under the provisions of the contract with Tangguh PSC that allow for deliveries to be diverted to other global markets in exchange for cash differential payments.
 
 
REGULATION OF OUR UTILITIES
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas are regulated by federal, state and local governmental agencies. The primary regulatory agency is the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC). The CPUC regulates the California Utilities’ rates and operations in California, except for SDG&E’s electric transmission operations. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) regulates SDG&E’s electric transmission operations. The FERC also regulates interstate transportation of natural gas and various related matters.
 
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulates SONGS, in which SDG&E owns a 20-percent interest. Municipalities and other local authorities may influence decisions affecting the location of utility assets, including natural gas pipelines and electric lines. Some of Sempra Energy’s other operating units are also regulated by the FERC, various state commissions and local governmental entities, and similar authorities in countries other than the United States.
 
Our South American utilities are regulated by federal and local governmental agencies. The National Energy Commission (Comisión Nacional de Energía, or CNE) regulates Chilquinta Energía in Chile. The Energy and Mining Investment Supervisory Body (Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión en Energía y Minería, or OSINERGMIN) of the National Electricity Office under the Ministry of Energy and Mines regulates Luz del Sur in Peru.  
 
Ecogas, our natural gas distribution utility in northern Mexico, is subject to regulation by the CRE and by the labor and environmental agencies of city, state and federal governments in Mexico.
 
Mobile Gas, our natural gas distribution utility serving southwest Alabama, is regulated by the Alabama Public Service Commission. Willmut Gas, our natural gas distribution utility serving customers in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, is regulated by the Mississippi Public Service Commission.
 

 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
 

 
BUSINESS STRATEGY
 
Our focus is to increase shareholder value and meet customer needs by sustaining the financial strength, operational flexibility and skilled workforce needed to operate a safe, stable and successful portfolio of integrated energy businesses.
 
The key components of our strategy include the following three disciplined growth platforms:
 
§  
U.S. utilities
 
§  
South American utilities and Mexican midstream
 
§  
U.S. natural gas midstream and renewables
 
Our organization is aligned based on these platforms to obtain the greatest long-term value through tangible growth primarily focused on regulated and contracted assets.
 
 
KEY EVENTS AND ISSUES IN 2013
 
Below are key events and issues that affected our business in 2013; some of these may continue to affect our future results. Each event/issue includes the page number you may reference for additional details.
 
§  
In February 2013, IEnova publicly offered and sold in Mexico notes totaling $408 million (U.S. equivalent). Then, in March 2013, IEnova sold 18.9 percent of its common shares in a private offering in the U.S. and outside of Mexico and in a concurrent initial public offering in Mexico for net proceeds of $574 million (U.S. equivalent) (133).
 
§  
In February 2013, Sempra Natural Gas completed the sale of one 625-MW block of its Mesquite Power plant to the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District for $371 million in cash (144).
 
§  
In May 2013, the CPUC approved a final decision in the California Utilities’ 2012 General Rate Case (2012 GRC). In the second quarter of 2013, SDG&E and SoCalGas recorded earnings of $52 million and $25 million, respectively, from the retroactive impact for full-year 2012 as a result of the final decision (213).
 
§  
In June 2013, Southern California Edison announced that it would permanently retire SONGS, which has been offline since early 2012 due to operating issues. Consequently, we recorded a $200 million pretax loss from plant closure representing the portion of SDG&E’s net investment in the facility and SDG&E’s associated costs incurred through the closure date, including replacement power costs, that management estimates may not be recovered in rates (208).
 
§  
In June 2013, Eletrans II S.A., a joint venture between Sempra South American Utilities’ Chilquinta Energía and Sociedad Austral de Electricidad Sociedad Anónima (SAESA), was awarded the construction of two 220-kilovolt (kV) transmission lines in Chile (64).
 
§  
In October 2013, SDG&E redeemed all six series of its outstanding shares of contingently redeemable preferred stock for $83 million (including call premium and accrued dividends) (205).
 
§  
SDG&E continued to settle claims related to the 2007 California wildfire litigation; there are approximately 40 cases left to be resolved (220).
 

§  
Updates for projects at Sempra Mexico’s IEnova subsidiary:
 
□  
In January 2013, PEMEX announced that the first phase of the Los Ramones Pipeline project, or Los Ramones I, was assigned to and will be developed by our joint venture with PEMEX; construction began in January 2014. Los Ramones I will be a 70-mile natural gas pipeline from the northern portion of the state of Tamaulipas bordering the United States to Los Ramones in the Mexican state of Nuevo León (65).
 
□  
In the third quarter of 2013, IEnova began construction on the first phase, or approximately 300 miles, of the Sonora Pipeline, a 500-mile natural gas pipeline network in northern Mexico (65).
 
□  
In the third quarter of 2013, through its joint venture with PEMEX, IEnova began construction on the Ethane Pipeline, a 140-mile pipeline to transport ethane from Tabasco, Mexico to Veracruz, Mexico (65). 
 
□  
In the fourth quarter of 2013, IEnova began construction on the Energía Sierra Juárez wind project (65).
 
§  
Updates for projects at Sempra Renewables:
 
□  
In March 2013, we started construction on Copper Mountain Solar 3 (CMS 3), which will have 250 MW of generating capacity when completed (66).
 
□  
In the third quarter of 2013, Sempra Renewables sold 50-percent equity interests in Copper Mountain Solar 2 and Mesquite Solar 1 to ConEdison Development (144).
 
□  
In September 2013, Sempra Renewables acquired the rights to develop the 75-MW Broken Bow 2 Wind project in Custer County, Nebraska (66).
 
§  
Updates for Sempra Natural Gas’ Cameron liquefaction project:
 
□  
In May 2013, Sempra Natural Gas signed a joint venture agreement (subject to a final investment decision, finalization of permit authorizations, securing financing commitments and other conditions) with affiliates of GDF SUEZ S.A., Mitsubishi Corporation (through a related company jointly established with Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (NYK)), and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. each to acquire 16.6 percent equity in the existing facilities and the Cameron liquefaction project. We will have a 50.2-percent interest in the joint venture (67).
 
□  
In May 2013, Sempra Natural Gas signed 20-year liquefaction and regasification tolling capacity agreements (subject to a final investment decision, finalization of permit authorizations, securing financing commitments and other conditions) with GDF SUEZ S.A. and affiliates of Mitsubishi Corporation and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. to subscribe the full nameplate capacity of the facility (68).
 
□  
In June and November 2013, Sempra Natural Gas signed agreements totaling 1.45 Bcf per day of firm natural gas transportation service to Cameron LNG on the Cameron Interstate Pipeline (subject to effectiveness of the liquefaction and regasification tolling capacity agreements) with GDF SUEZ S.A. and affiliates of Mitsubishi Corporation and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. The terms of these agreements are concurrent with the liquefaction and regasification tolling capacity agreements (68).
 


 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 

We discuss the following in Results of Operations:
 
§  
Overall results of our operations and factors affecting those results
 
§  
Our segment results
 
§  
Significant changes in revenues, costs and earnings between periods
 
 
OVERALL RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF SEMPRA ENERGY AND FACTORS AFFECTING THE RESULTS
 
The graphs below show our overall operations from 2009 to 2013.
 

OVERALL OPERATIONS OF SEMPRA ENERGY FROM 2009 TO 2013
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts)

[a008.gif]


[a004.gif]



In 2013, our earnings increased by $142 million (17%) to $1.0 billion and our diluted earnings per share increased by $0.53 per share (15%) to $4.01 per share. The net increases in our earnings and diluted earnings per share were primarily impacted by the following increases (decreases), by segment:
 
SDG&E
 
§  
$61 million higher earnings from CPUC base operations and electric transmission, including Sunrise Powerlink
 
§  
$52 million ($0.21 per share) favorable impact on 2013 earnings from the retroactive impact for 2012 of the 2012 GRC, for which a final decision by the CPUC was issued in the second quarter of 2013
 
§  
$(119) million ($0.48 per share) charge for loss from plant closure associated with SDG&E’s investment in the SONGS nuclear facility
 
§  
$(54) million from an income tax benefit recorded in 2012 related to a change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures, the lower rate of return authorized in our CPUC cost of capital proceeding and higher interest expense
 
SoCalGas
 
§  
$51 million higher operating margin and newly recovered costs as a result of the 2012 GRC
 
§  
$25 million ($0.10 per share) favorable impact on 2013 earnings from the retroactive impact for 2012 of the 2012 GRC
 
Sempra Mexico
 
§  
$(26) million decrease in Sempra Mexico’s earnings for earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests at IEnova following its March 2013 offerings of 18.9 percent of its common stock
 
Sempra Renewables
 
§  
$24 million ($0.10 per share) gains from the sale of 50-percent equity interests in MS 1 and CMS 2 in 2013
 
§  
$(50) million lower deferred income tax benefits, including $5 million decrease from U.S. Treasury grant sequestration in 2013, as a result of solar and wind generating assets placed in service in 2012
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
§  
$239 million ($0.97 per share) in noncash impairment charges in 2012 to write down our investment in Rockies Express, partially offset by a $25 million income tax make-whole payment received in 2012 from Kinder Morgan ($0.10 per share)
 
§  
$44 million ($0.18 per share) gain on the sale of one 625-MW block of Sempra Natural Gas’ 1,250-MW Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant in the first quarter of 2013
 
§  
$41 million higher earnings from LNG operations, primarily due to lower of cost or market adjustments in 2012 associated with the timing of cargoes, the impact of higher natural gas prices on marketing operations and lower costs resulting from commercial arrangements entered into with affiliates
 
Parent and Other
 
§  
$(63) million ($0.25 per share) income tax expense in the first quarter of 2013 resulting from a corporate reorganization in connection with the IEnova stock offerings
 
§  
$(54) million ($0.22 per share) income tax benefit in 2012 primarily associated with our decision to hold life insurance contracts kept in support of certain benefit plans to term
 
Diluted earnings per share for 2013 compared to 2012 were also impacted by an increase in the number of shares outstanding (decrease of $0.05 per share).
 

Our earnings in 2012 decreased by $472 million (35%) to $859 million compared to 2011. Diluted earnings per share for 2012 decreased by $2.03 per share to $3.48 per share.  The decreases were primarily due to:
 
§  
a $277 million ($1.15 per share) gain resulting from the remeasurement of our equity method investments at our South American Utilities segment related to its acquisition of additional interests in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur in April 2011;
 
§  
$239 million ($0.97 per share) in noncash impairment charges in 2012 to write down our investment in Rockies Express, partially offset by a $25 million income tax make-whole payment received from Kinder Morgan ($0.10 per share); and
 
§  
lower earnings at Sempra Natural Gas and Sempra Mexico in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily due to the end of the DWR contract in September 2011; offset by
 
§  
improved results at the California Utilities, Sempra Renewables and Parent and Other.
 
Diluted earnings per share for 2012 compared to 2011 were also impacted by an increase in the number of shares outstanding (decrease of $0.08 per share).
 
The following table shows our earnings (losses) by segment, which we discuss below in “Segment Results.”
 

SEMPRA ENERGY EARNINGS (LOSSES) BY SEGMENT 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
California Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    SDG&E(1)
$ 
 404 
 41 
%
$ 
 484 
 56 
%
$ 
 431 
 32 
%
    SoCalGas(2)
 
 364 
 37 
 
 
 289 
 34 
 
 
 287 
 22 
 
Sempra International:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sempra South American Utilities
 
 153 
 15 
 
 
 164 
 19 
 
 
 425 
 32 
 
    Sempra Mexico
 
 122 
 12 
 
 
 157 
 18 
 
 
 192 
 14 
 
Sempra U.S. Gas & Power:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sempra Renewables
 
 62 
 6 
 
 
 61 
 7 
 
 
 7 
 1 
 
    Sempra Natural Gas
 
 64 
 6 
 
 
 (241)
 (28)
 
 
 115 
 9 
 
Parent and other(3)
 
 (168)
 (17)
 
 
 (55)
 (6)
 
 
 (126)
 (10)
 
Earnings
$ 
 1,001 
 100 
%
$ 
 859 
 100 
%
$ 
 1,331 
 100 
%
(1)
After preferred dividends and 2013 call premium on preferred stock.
(2)
After preferred dividends.
(3)
Includes after-tax interest expense ($144 million in 2013, $150 million in 2012 and $138 million in 2011), intercompany eliminations recorded in consolidation and certain corporate costs.
 

 

 
SEGMENT RESULTS
 
The following section is a discussion of earnings (losses) by Sempra Energy segment, as presented in the table above. Variance amounts are the after-tax earnings impact (based on applicable statutory tax rates), unless otherwise noted.
 

 
EARNINGS BY SEGMENT – CALIFORNIA UTILITIES
(Dollars in millions)

[a010.gif]


 
SDG&E
 
Our SDG&E segment recorded earnings of:
 
§  
$404 million in 2013 ($411 million before preferred dividends and call premium)
 
§  
$484 million in 2012 ($489 million before preferred dividends)
 
§  
$431 million in 2011 ($436 million before preferred dividends)
 
The decrease of $80 million (17%) in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$119 million charge for loss from plant closure associated with SDG&E’s investment in SONGS;
 
§  
$22 million income tax benefit recorded in the third quarter of 2012 for full-year 2011 from the change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures, as we discuss below in “Income Taxes;”
 
§  
$20 million lower CPUC-authorized rate of return established in the CPUC cost of capital proceeding effective as of January 1, 2013;
 
§  
$12 million higher interest expense;
 
§  
$11 million loss of revenue from SONGS due to the early closure of the plant; and
 
§  
$6 million for the recovery from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in 2012 of incremental costs incurred in prior years for the long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel; offset by
 
§  
$52 million favorable impact on 2013 earnings from the retroactive application for 2012 of the final decision in the 2012 GRC;
 
§  
$38 million higher CPUC base operating margin as a result of the final 2012 GRC decision, net of operating costs; and
 
§  
$23 million higher electric transmission margin (including Sunrise Powerlink).
 
The increase in earnings of $53 million (12%) in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$52 million reduction in 2012 income tax expense primarily due to a change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures, as we discuss below in “Income Taxes;”
 
§  
$33 million higher earnings related to Sunrise Powerlink;
 
§  
$13 million higher earnings for Desert Star in 2012, which was acquired in October 2011;
 
§  
$11 million higher electric transmission margin (excluding Sunrise Powerlink);
 
§  
$8 million increase in AFUDC related to equity (excluding Sunrise Powerlink);
 
§  
$7 million lower expense associated with the settlement of 2007 wildfire claims; and
 
§  
$6 million for the recovery from the DOE in 2012 of incremental costs incurred in prior years for the long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel; offset by
 
§  
$28 million higher depreciation and operation and maintenance expenses related to CPUC-regulated operations (excluding insurance premiums for wildfire coverage, litigation and Desert Star) with no corresponding increase in the CPUC-authorized margin in 2012 due to the delay in the 2012 GRC decision;
 
§  
$18 million unfavorable earnings impact due to higher revenues in 2011 associated with incremental wildfire insurance premiums (revenues in 2011 were for an 18-month period compared to a 12-month period in 2012);
 
§  
$18 million higher interest expense;
 
§  
$6 million lower regulatory incentive awards; and
 
§  
$5 million higher litigation expense.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
Our SoCalGas segment recorded earnings of:
 
§  
$364 million in 2013 ($365 million before preferred dividends)
 
§  
$289 million in 2012 ($290 million before preferred dividends)
 
§  
$287 million in 2011 ($288 million before preferred dividends)
 
The increase of $75 million (26%) in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$36 million higher CPUC base operating margin as a result of the final 2012 GRC decision and lower non-refundable operating costs;
 
§  
$25 million favorable impact on 2013 earnings from the retroactive application for 2012 of the final decision in the 2012 GRC;
 
§  
$20 million higher favorable resolution of prior years’ income tax issues in 2013; and
 
§  
$15 million due to costs associated with the Transmission Integrity Management Program (TIMP) being expensed in 2012 now being fully recovered (balanced) in revenues pursuant to the 2012 GRC; offset by
 
§  
$14 million lower CPUC-authorized rate of return established in the CPUC cost of capital proceeding effective as of January 1, 2013.
 
The increase of $2 million (1%) in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$37 million from a lower effective tax rate, primarily due to a change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures, as we discuss below in “Income Taxes;” and
 
§  
$6 million from an increase in AFUDC related to equity; offset by
 
§  
$37 million increase in non-refundable operating expenses, primarily due to depreciation and expenses related to the TIMP, with no corresponding increase in CPUC-authorized margin in 2012 due to the delay in the 2012 GRC decision; and
 
§  
$2 million higher bad debt accruals.
 


EARNINGS BY SEGMENT – SEMPRA INTERNATIONAL
(Dollars in millions)

[a011.gif]


 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
Our Sempra South American Utilities segment recorded earnings of:
 
§  
$153 million in 2013
 
§  
$164 million in 2012
 
§  
$425 million in 2011
 
The decrease in earnings of $11 million (7%) in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$11 million equity losses related to our investments in two Argentine natural gas utility holding companies, including $7 million noncash impairment charge in the first quarter of 2013 and $4 million loss from the sale of the investments in the second quarter of 2013; and
 
§  
$4 million equity losses from our joint venture in Chile in 2013 resulting from a forward exchange contract to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk; offset by
 
§  
$4 million lower income tax expense from an unfavorable resolution of prior years’ tax matters in 2012.
 
The decrease in earnings of $261 million in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
a $277 million gain related to the remeasurement of the Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur equity method investments in April 2011; and
 
§  
$12 million earnings in 2011 from foreign currency rate effect mainly for a previously held U.S. dollar monetary position in Chile; offset by
 
§  
$21 million higher earnings in 2012 due to the acquisition of additional interests in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur in April 2011; and
 
§  
$7 million higher earnings from operations in 2012 primarily attributable to an increase in customer base and higher consumption.
 

 
Sempra Mexico
 
Sempra Mexico recorded earnings of:
 
§  
$122 million in 2013
 
§  
$157 million in 2012
 
§  
$192 million in 2011
 
The decrease of $35 million (22%) in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$26 million decrease in Sempra Mexico’s earnings for earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests at IEnova following its stock offerings in March 2013;
 
§  
$13 million increase in deferred income tax liability due to Mexico income tax law enacted in the fourth quarter of 2013 and effective January 1, 2014, as we discuss below in “Income Taxes;”
 
§  
$10 million lower earnings mainly due to administrative expenses related to the new IEnova public company structure, scheduled plant maintenance at our Mexicali power plant in 2013, and the net impact of changes in affiliate agreements;
 
§  
$7 million negative translation effect primarily on Peso-denominated tax receivables; and
 
§  
$6 million higher interest expense, including interest associated with the IEnova debt offering in February 2013; offset by
 
§  
$19 million AFUDC related to equity associated with construction of the natural gas pipeline in Sonora; and
 
§  
$7 million lower income tax expense, including the favorable impact of Mexican currency inflation and translation adjustments in 2013 compared to 2012.
 
 
 The decrease in earnings of $35 million (18%) in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$43 million lower earnings at our Mexicali power plant in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily due to the expiration of the DWR contract in September 2011, which resulted in a change in the intercompany agreement with Sempra Natural Gas effective January 1, 2012. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in earnings from a prior year outage at the plant; and
 
§  
$8 million income tax expense in 2012 compared to $12 million income tax benefit in 2011, primarily related to Mexican currency translation and inflation adjustments and to changes in tax valuation allowances, net of the effects of a Mexican peso income tax hedge; offset by
 
§  
$22 million in improved operations primarily due to increased earnings from Sempra Mexico’s joint venture with PEMEX and from Sempra Mexico’s LNG operations; and
 
§  
$4 million positive translation effect on Peso-denominated receivables.
 


EARNINGS (LOSSES) BY SEGMENT – SEMPRA U.S. GAS & POWER
(Dollars in millions)

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Sempra Renewables
 
Sempra Renewables recorded earnings of:
 
§  
$62 million in 2013
 
§  
$61 million in 2012
 
§  
$7 million in 2011
 
The increase in earnings of $1 million (2%) in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$24 million gains from the sale of 50-percent equity interests in Mesquite Solar 1 and Copper Mountain Solar 2;
 
§  
$16 million higher earnings attributable to our wind assets; and
 
§  
$13 million higher earnings from our solar assets, including $6 million from interest rate hedges; offset by
 
§  
$50 million lower deferred income tax benefits, including $5 million decrease from U.S. Treasury grant sequestration in 2013, as a result of solar and wind generating assets placed in service in 2012.
 
The increase in earnings of $54 million in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$35 million higher deferred income tax benefits as a result of increased investments in solar and wind generating assets in 2012;
 
§  
$7 million higher production tax credits from our wind assets;
 
§  
$6 million higher earnings attributable to our solar assets; and
 
§  
$3 million higher interest income.
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
Sempra Natural Gas recorded earnings (losses) of:
 
§  
$64 million in 2013
 
§  
$(241) million in 2012
 
§  
$115 million in 2011
 
The change in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$239 million write-down of our investment in Rockies Express in 2012;
 
§  
$44 million gain in 2013 on the sale of a 625-MW block of the Mesquite Power plant, net of related expenses;
 
§  
$41 million higher earnings from LNG operations, primarily due to lower of cost or market adjustments in 2012 associated with the timing of cargoes, the impact of higher natural gas prices on marketing operations and lower costs resulting from commercial arrangements entered into with affiliates;
 
§  
$11 million lower interest expense and operating costs at the Mesquite Power plant due to the sale of one block of the plant in the first quarter of 2013; and
 
§  
$10 million improved results at our marketing and storage operations primarily driven by sales of natural gas in 2013; offset by
 
§  
a $25 million payment received from Kinder Morgan in 2012 due to tax impacts related to the sale of their interest in Rockies Express; and
 
§  
$12 million lower earnings at Sempra Rockies Marketing due to expiring capacity release contracts.
 
 The change in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$239 million write-down of our investment in Rockies Express in 2012;
 
§  
$121 million lower earnings from natural gas power plant operations in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily from lower natural gas and power prices, including the impact from the end of the DWR contract as of September 30, 2011; and
 
§  
$44 million lower earnings from LNG primarily due to lower natural gas prices, timing of cargo marketing operations, and costs in 2012 related to the development of the Cameron liquefaction project; offset by
 
§  
a $25 million payment received from Kinder Morgan due to tax impacts related to the sale of their interest in Rockies Express; and
 
§  
$23 million operating losses in 2011 from the El Dorado power plant sold to SDG&E as of October 1, 2011.
 
 
Parent and Other
 
Losses for Parent and Other were
 
§  
$168 million in 2013
 
§  
$55 million in 2012
 
§  
$126 million in 2011
 
The increase in losses of $113 million in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$63 million income tax expense resulting from a corporate reorganization in connection with the IEnova stock offerings;
 
§  
$54 million income tax benefit in 2012 primarily associated with our decision to hold life insurance contracts kept in support of certain benefit plans to term, as we discuss below in “Income Taxes;” and
 
§  
$42 million higher net interest expense primarily due to lower intercompany interest income from a debt restructuring at Sempra Natural Gas and increased borrowings from Sempra Renewables; offset by
 
§  
$42 million higher income tax benefits, excluding income tax items discussed above, primarily due to higher favorable resolution of prior years’ income tax issues and the timing of a change in tax law. We discuss this new law, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, in “Income Taxes” below.
 
The decrease in losses of $71 million (56%) in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$54 million income tax benefit primarily associated with the decision to hold life insurance contracts to term, as we discuss below in “Income Taxes;”
 
§  
$20 million higher investment gains on dedicated assets in support of our executive retirement and deferred compensation plans, net of the increase in deferred compensation liability associated with the investments;
 
§  
$15 million equity losses in 2011 from the RBS Sempra Commodities joint venture, including a $10 million write-down of the investment; and
 
§  
higher earnings from foreign currency exchange effects mainly related to a Chilean holding company, and hedging transactions; offset by
 
§  
$27 million lower income tax benefits, excluding the $54 million income tax benefit discussed above.
 

 
CHANGES IN REVENUES, COSTS AND EARNINGS
 
This section contains a discussion of the differences between periods in the specific line items of the Consolidated Statements of Operations for Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas.
 
 
Utilities Revenues
 
Our utilities revenues include
 
Natural gas revenues at:
 
§  
SDG&E
 
§  
SoCalGas
 
§  
Sempra Mexico’s Ecogas
 
§  
Sempra Natural Gas’ Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas
 
Electric revenues at:
 
§  
SDG&E
 
§  
Sempra South American Utilities’ Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur
 
Intercompany revenues included in the separate revenues of each utility are eliminated in the Sempra Energy Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
 
The California Utilities
 
The current regulatory framework for SoCalGas and SDG&E permits the cost of natural gas purchased for core customers (primarily residential and small commercial and industrial customers) to be passed through to customers in rates substantially as incurred. However, SoCalGas’ Gas Cost Incentive Mechanism provides SoCalGas the opportunity to share in the savings and/or costs from buying natural gas for its core customers at prices below or above monthly market-based benchmarks. This mechanism permits full recovery of costs incurred when average purchase costs are within a price range around the benchmark price. Any higher costs incurred or savings realized outside this range are shared between the core customers and SoCalGas. We provide further discussion in Notes 1 and 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
The regulatory framework also permits SDG&E to recover the actual cost incurred to generate or procure electricity based on annual estimates of the cost of electricity supplied to customers. The differences in cost between estimates and actual are recovered in the next year through rates.
 

The table below summarizes Utilities Revenues and Cost of Sales for Sempra Energy, net of intercompany activity.
 

UTILITIES REVENUES AND COST OF SALES 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Electric revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
SDG&E
$ 
 3,537 
$ 
 3,226 
$ 
 2,830 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
 1,383 
 
 1,349 
 
 1,009 
Eliminations and adjustments
 
 (9)
 
 (7)
 
 (6)
 
Total
 
 4,911 
 
 4,568 
 
 3,833 
Natural gas revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas
 
 3,736 
 
 3,282 
 
 3,816 
SDG&E
 
 529 
 
 468 
 
 543 
Sempra Mexico
 
 97 
 
 75 
 
 91 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
 109 
 
 96 
 
 93 
Eliminations and adjustments
 
 (73)
 
 (48)
 
 (54)
 
Total
 
 4,398 
 
 3,873 
 
 4,489 
  Total utilities revenues
$ 
 9,309 
$ 
 8,441 
$ 
 8,322 
Cost of electric fuel and purchased power:
 
 
 
 
 
 
SDG&E
$ 
 1,019 
$ 
 892 
$ 
 715 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
 913 
 
 868 
 
 682 
 
Total
$ 
 1,932 
$ 
 1,760 
$ 
 1,397 
Cost of natural gas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas
$ 
 1,362 
$ 
 1,074 
$ 
 1,568 
SDG&E
 
 204 
 
 151 
 
 226 
Sempra Mexico
 
 63 
 
 45 
 
 63 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
 35 
 
 25 
 
 27 
Eliminations and adjustments
 
 (18)
 
 (5)
 
 (18)
 
Total
$ 
 1,646 
$ 
 1,290 
$ 
 1,866 

 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Electric Revenues
 
Our electric revenues increased by $343 million (8%) to $4.9 billion in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$311 million increase at SDG&E, including:
 
□  
$140 million higher authorized revenues from electric transmission,
 
□  
$127 million increase in cost of electric fuel and purchased power,
 
□  
$94 million higher authorized revenue from implementation of the 2012 GRC decision and 2013 attrition. Due to the delay in the issuance of the 2012 GRC decision by the CPUC, 2012 authorized revenue was essentially unchanged from the 2011 authorized revenue, and
 
□  
$61 million increase due to the retroactive application in 2013 of the 2012 GRC decision for the period from January 2012 through December 2012, offset by
 
□  
$40 million lower recovery of costs associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses,
 
□  
$33 million loss of revenue from SONGS due to the early closure of the plant, and
 
□  
$30 million lower CPUC-authorized rate of return established in the CPUC cost of capital proceeding effective as of January 1, 2013; and
 
§  
$34 million increase at our South American utilities primarily due to higher volumes, net of foreign currency exchange rate effects.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, our electric revenues increased by $735 million (19%) to $4.6 billion primarily due to:
 
§  
$396 million increase at SDG&E, which we discuss below; and
 
§  
$340 million increase at our South American utilities, primarily from the consolidation of Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur acquired in April 2011. In addition, electric revenues increased due to higher commodity prices and volume at Luz del Sur, offset by lower commodity prices at Chilquinta Energía.
 
Our utilities’ cost of electric fuel and purchased power increased by $172 million (10%) to $1.9 billion in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$127 million increase in SDG&E’s cost of electric fuel and purchased power primarily due to the incremental cost and purchases of renewable energy, and increased cost of other purchased power primarily due to higher power prices, slightly offset by lower demand driven by an overall cooler summer in 2013 compared to 2012; and
 
§  
$45 million increase at our South American utilities driven primarily by higher volumes and higher costs of purchased power, net of foreign currency exchange rate effects.
 
Our utilities’ cost of electric fuel and purchased power increased by $363 million (26%) to $1.8 billion in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily due to:
 
§  
$186 million increase at Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur associated with the higher revenues; and
 
§  
$177 million increase at SDG&E, which we discuss below.
 
Natural Gas Revenues
 
In 2013, Sempra Energy’s natural gas revenues increased by $525 million (14%) to $4.4 billion, and the cost of natural gas increased by $356 million (28%) to $1.6 billion. The increase in natural gas revenues included
 
§  
an increase in cost of natural gas sold at both SoCalGas and SDG&E, as we discuss below;
 
§  
increases of $64 million and $20 million at SoCalGas and SDG&E, respectively, primarily due to higher authorized revenues from implementation of the 2012 GRC decision and 2013 attrition. Due to the delay in the issuance of the 2012 GRC decision by the CPUC, 2012 authorized revenue was essentially unchanged from the 2011 authorized revenue;
 
§  
higher recovery of costs at SoCalGas associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses; and
 
§  
$30 million increase due to the retroactive application in 2013 of the 2012 GRC decision for the period from January 2012 through December 2012.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, Sempra Energy’s natural gas revenues decreased by $616 million (14%) to $3.9 billion, and the cost of natural gas decreased by $576 million (31%) to $1.3 billion. The decrease in natural gas revenues included
 
§  
$494 million and $75 million decreases in cost of natural gas sold at SoCalGas and SDG&E, respectively, from lower natural gas prices and volumes sold; and
 
§  
$64 million lower recovery of the California Utilities’ costs associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses.
 
We discuss the changes in revenues and cost of natural gas individually for SDG&E and SoCalGas below.
 
 
SDG&E: Electric Revenues and Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power
 
The table below shows electric revenues for SDG&E. Because the cost of electricity is substantially recovered in rates, changes in the cost are reflected in the changes in revenues. In addition to the change in cost, electric revenues recorded during a period are impacted by customer billing cycles causing a difference between customer billings and recorded or authorized costs.  These differences are required to be balanced over time, resulting in over- and undercollected regulatory balancing accounts. We discuss balancing accounts and their effects further in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 


SDG&E
ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSMISSION 2011-2013
(Volumes in millions of kilowatt-hours, dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Customer class
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
Residential
 7,392 
$ 
 1,283 
 7,587 
$ 
 1,242 
 7,374 
$ 
 1,215 
Commercial
 6,722 
 
 1,080 
 6,902 
 
 1,017 
 6,736 
 
 1,000 
Industrial
 1,962 
 
 257 
 2,042 
 
 249 
 2,037 
 
 247 
Direct access(1)
 3,593 
 
 151 
 3,399 
 
 148 
 3,265 
 
 148 
Street and highway lighting
 87 
 
 12 
 95 
 
 13 
 100 
 
 14 
 
 
 19,756 
 
 2,783 
 20,025 
 
 2,669 
 19,512 
 
 2,624 
CAISO shared transmission revenue - net(2)
 
 
 268 
 
 
 64 
 
 
 11 
Other revenues
 
 
 172 
 
 
 134 
 
 
 106 
Balancing accounts
 
 
 314 
 
 
 359 
 
 
 89 
    Total(3)
 
$ 
 3,537 
 
$ 
 3,226 
 
$ 
 2,830 
(1)
The Direct Access (DA) program, which offered all customers the option to purchase their electric commodity services from a third-party Energy Service Provider (ESP) instead of continuing to receive these services from SDG&E, was implemented in 1998 and suspended in 2001. In 2009, Senate Bill 695 required the CPUC to develop a process and rules for a limited re-opening of DA to be phased in over a period of time. In 2010, the CPUC adopted the process and rules for the limited re-opening of DA for non-residential customers under a 4-year phase-in schedule. The 2013 tranche of non-residential customers switching to DA resulted in higher volumes in 2013. The increase in revenues from the higher volumes was offset by lower tariffs in 2013 compared to 2012.
(2)
California Independent System Operator (CAISO) shared transmission revenue increased in both 2013 and 2012 compared to the prior year due to the Sunrise Powerlink transmission line being placed in service in June 2012.
(3)
Includes sales to affiliates of $9 million in 2013, $7 million in 2012 and $6 million in 2011.

 
SDG&E’s electric revenues increased by $311 million (10%) to $3.5 billion in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$140 million higher authorized revenues from electric transmission including:
 
□  
$80 million from placing the Sunrise Powerlink transmission line in service in June 2012, and
 
□  
$60 million from increased investment in other transmission assets;
 
§  
$127 million increase in cost of electric fuel and purchased power primarily due to the incremental cost and purchases of renewable energy, and increased cost of other purchased power primarily due to higher power prices, slightly offset by lower demand driven by an overall cooler summer in 2013 compared to 2012;
 
§  
$94 million higher authorized revenue from implementation of the 2012 GRC decision and 2013 attrition. Due to the delay in the issuance of the 2012 GRC decision by the CPUC, SDG&E’s 2012 authorized revenue was essentially unchanged from the 2011 authorized revenue; and
 
§  
$61 million increase due to the retroactive application in 2013 of the 2012 GRC decision for the period from January 2012 through December 2012; offset by
 
§  
$40 million lower recovery of costs associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses;
 
§  
$33 million loss of revenue from SONGS due to the early closure of the plant; and
 
§  
$30 million lower CPUC-authorized rate of return established in the CPUC cost of capital proceeding effective as of January 1, 2013.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, electric revenues increased by $396 million (14%) to $3.2 billion at SDG&E, primarily due to:
 
§  
$177 million increase in cost of electric fuel and purchased power in 2012 including:
 
□  
$100 million due to the incremental cost of renewable energy and other purchased power, and
 
□  
$77 million due to the cost of power purchased to replace power scheduled to be generated and delivered to SDG&E from SONGS;
 
§  
$130 million higher authorized revenues from electric transmission including:
 
□  
$83 million from placing the Sunrise Powerlink transmission line in service in June 2012, and
 
□  
$47 million from increased investment in other transmission assets;
 
§  
$45 million higher authorized revenues from electric generation, primarily due to the acquisition of the Desert Star generation facility in October 2011;
 
§  
$42 million higher recoverable expenses that are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses; and
 
§  
$21 million from advanced meter program costs; offset by
 
§  
$22 million lower revenues associated with incremental wildfire insurance premiums; and
 
§  
$10 million lower regulatory awards.
 
We do not include in the Consolidated Statements of Operations the commodity costs (and the revenues to recover those costs) associated with long-term contracts that are allocated to SDG&E by the California DWR. However, we do include the associated volumes and distribution revenues in the table above. We provide further discussion of these contracts in Notes 1 and 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas: Natural Gas Revenues and Cost of Natural Gas
 
The following tables show natural gas revenues for SDG&E and SoCalGas. Because the cost of natural gas is recovered in rates, changes in the cost are reflected in the changes in revenues. In addition to the change in market prices, natural gas revenues recorded during a period are impacted by the difference between customer billings and recorded or CPUC-authorized costs.  These differences are required to be balanced over time, resulting in over- and undercollected regulatory balancing accounts. We discuss balancing accounts and their effects further in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

SDG&E
NATURAL GAS SALES AND TRANSPORTATION 2011-2013
(Volumes in billion cubic feet, dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Natural Gas Sales 
Transportation 
Total 
Customer class
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Residential
 31 
$ 
 323 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
 31 
$ 
 324 
    Commercial and industrial
 15 
 
 98 
 9 
 
 13 
 24 
 
 111 
    Electric generation plants
 ― 
 
 ― 
 25 
 
 15 
 25 
 
 15 
 
 46 
$ 
 421 
 34 
$ 
 29 
 80 
 
 450 
    Other revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 42 
    Balancing accounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 37 
        Total(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 
 529 
2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Residential
 30 
$ 
 266 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
 30 
$ 
 267 
    Commercial and industrial
 15 
 
 76 
 8 
 
 11 
 23 
 
 87 
    Electric generation plants
 ― 
 
 ― 
 37 
 
 15 
 37 
 
 15 
 
 45 
$ 
 342 
 45 
$ 
 27 
 90 
 
 369 
    Other revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 40 
    Balancing accounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 59 
        Total(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 
 468 
2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Residential
 32 
$ 
 341 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
 32 
$ 
 342 
    Commercial and industrial
 15 
 
 103 
 8 
 
 10 
 23 
 
 113 
    Electric generation plants
 ― 
 
 ― 
 25 
 
 8 
 25 
 
 8 
 
 47 
$ 
 444 
 33 
$ 
 19 
 80 
 
 463 
    Other revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 36 
    Balancing accounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 44 
        Total(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 
 543 
(1)    Includes sales to affiliates of $3 million in 2013, $2 million in 2012 and $1 million in 2011.


In 2013, SDG&E’s natural gas revenues increased by $61 million (13%) to $529 million, and the cost of natural gas increased by $53 million (35%) to $204 million. The increase in revenues was primarily due to:
 
§  
higher cost of natural gas sold, as we discuss below;
 
§  
$20 million higher authorized revenue from implementation of the 2012 GRC decision and 2013 attrition. Due to the delay in the issuance of the 2012 GRC decision by the CPUC, SDG&E’s 2012 authorized revenue was essentially unchanged from the 2011 authorized revenue; and
 
§  
$5 million increase from the retroactive application in 2013 of the 2012 GRC decision for the period from January 2012 through December 2012; offset by
 
§  
$5 million lower recovery of costs associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, SDG&E’s natural gas revenues decreased by $75 million (14%) to $468 million, and the cost of natural gas decreased by $75 million (33%) to $151 million. The decrease in revenues was primarily due to:
 
§  
the decrease in cost of natural gas sold from lower natural gas prices and volumes sold, as we discuss below; and
 
§  
$13 million lower recovery of costs associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses; offset by
 
§  
$10 million increase associated with the advanced meter program.
 
SDG&E’s average cost of natural gas was $4.49 per thousand cubic feet (Mcf) for 2013, $3.62 per Mcf for 2012 and $4.83 per Mcf for 2011. In 2013, the 24-percent increase of $0.87 per Mcf resulted in higher revenues and cost of $40 million compared to 2012.
 
In 2012, the 25-percent decrease of $1.21 per Mcf resulted in lower revenues and cost of $54 million compared to 2011. The decrease in the cost of natural gas sold was also attributable to lower volumes, which resulted in lower revenues and cost of $9 million.
 


SOCALGAS
NATURAL GAS SALES AND TRANSPORTATION 2011-2013
(Volumes in billion cubic feet, dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Natural Gas Sales 
Transportation 
Total 
Customer class
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Residential
 234 
$ 
 2,204 
 2 
$ 
 8 
 236 
$ 
 2,212 
    Commercial and industrial
 100 
 
 691 
 293 
 
 242 
 393 
 
 933 
    Electric generation plants
 ― 
 
 ― 
 200 
 
 44 
 200 
 
 44 
    Wholesale
 ― 
 
 ― 
 170 
 
 27 
 170 
 
 27 
 
 334 
$ 
 2,895 
 665 
$ 
 321 
 999 
 
 3,216 
    Other revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 101 
    Balancing accounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 419 
        Total(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 
 3,736 
2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Residential
 234 
$ 
 1,963 
 2 
$ 
 8 
 236 
$ 
 1,971 
    Commercial and industrial
 101 
 
 608 
 283 
 
 240 
 384 
 
 848 
    Electric generation plants
 ― 
 
 ― 
 231 
 
 39 
 231 
 
 39 
    Wholesale
 ― 
 
 ― 
 175 
 
 24 
 175 
 
 24 
 
 335 
$ 
 2,571 
 691 
$ 
 311 
 1,026 
 
 2,882 
    Other revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 91 
    Balancing accounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 309 
        Total(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 
 3,282 
2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Residential
 253 
$ 
 2,358 
 1 
$ 
 4 
 254 
$ 
 2,362 
    Commercial and industrial
 103 
 
 759 
 272 
 
 219 
 375 
 
 978 
    Electric generation plants
 ― 
 
 ― 
 166 
 
 42 
 166 
 
 42 
    Wholesale
 ― 
 
 ― 
 148 
 
 19 
 148 
 
 19 
 
 356 
$ 
 3,117 
 587 
$ 
 284 
 943 
 
 3,401 
    Other revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 99 
    Balancing accounts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 316 
        Total(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ 
 3,816 
(1)    Includes sales to affiliates of $70 million in 2013, $46 million in 2012 and $53 million in 2011.

 
In 2013, SoCalGas’ natural gas revenues increased by $454 million (14%) to $3.7 billion, and the cost of natural gas increased by $288 million (27%) to $1.4 billion. The revenue increase included
 
§  
an increase in cost of natural gas sold from higher natural gas prices (as we discuss below);
 
§  
$76 million higher recovery of costs associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses;
 
§  
$64 million increase primarily due to higher authorized revenue from implementation of the 2012 GRC decision and 2013 attrition. Due to the delay in the issuance of the 2012 GRC decision by the CPUC, SoCalGas’ 2012 authorized revenue was essentially unchanged from the 2011 authorized revenue; and
 
§  
$25 million increase due to the retroactive application in 2013 of the 2012 GRC decision for the period from January 2012 through December 2012.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, SoCalGas’ natural gas revenues decreased by $534 million (14%) to $3.3 billion, and the cost of natural gas sold decreased by $494 million (32%) to $1.1 billion. The decrease in revenues was primarily due to:
 
§  
the decrease in cost of natural gas sold from lower natural gas prices and volumes sold (as we discuss below); and
 
§  
$51 million lower recovery of costs associated with CPUC-authorized refundable programs, which revenues are fully offset in operation and maintenance expenses.
 

The average cost of natural gas was $4.08 per Mcf for 2013, $3.21 per Mcf for 2012 and $4.41 per Mcf for 2011. In 2013, the 27-percent increase of $0.87 per Mcf resulted in higher revenues and cost of $291 million compared to 2012.
 
In 2012, the 27-percent decrease of $1.20 per Mcf resulted in lower revenues and cost of $402 million compared to 2011. The decrease in the cost of natural gas sold was also attributable to lower demand for natural gas from a warmer winter in 2012.
 
 
Other Utilities: Revenues and Cost of Sales
 
Revenues generated by Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur are based on tariffs that are set by government agencies in their respective countries based on an efficient model distribution company defined by those agencies. The basis for the tariffs do not meet the requirement necessary for treatment under applicable U.S. GAAP for regulatory accounting. We discuss revenue recognition further for Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Operations of Mobile Gas, Willmut Gas and Ecogas qualify for regulatory accounting treatment under applicable U.S. GAAP, similar to the California Utilities.
 
The table below summarizes natural gas and electric revenue for our utilities outside of California:
 

OTHER UTILITIES
NATURAL GAS AND ELECTRIC REVENUES 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
 
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
Volumes 
Revenue 
Natural Gas Sales (billion cubic feet):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra Mexico - Ecogas
 24 
$ 
 97 
 23 
$ 
 75 
 22 
$ 
 91 
Sempra Natural Gas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Mobile Gas
 40 
 
 88 
 43 
 
 86 
 40 
 
 93 
    Willmut Gas(1)
 3 
 
 21 
 1 
 
 10 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total
 67 
$ 
 206 
 67 
$ 
 171 
 62 
$ 
 184 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Electric Sales (million kilowatt hours)(2):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Luz del Sur
 6,984 
$ 
 785 
 6,668 
$ 
 759 
 4,715 
$ 
 487 
    Chilquinta Energía
 2,856 
 
 537 
 2,698 
 
 533 
 1,859 
 
 481 
 
 
 9,840 
 
 1,322 
 9,366 
 
 1,292 
 6,574 
 
 968 
Other service revenues
 
 
 61 
 
 
 57 
 
 
 41 
    Total
 
$ 
 1,383 
 
$ 
 1,349 
 
$ 
 1,009 
(1)
We acquired Willmut Gas in May 2012.
(2)
We accounted for Luz del Sur and Chilquinta Energía under the equity method until April 6, 2011, when they became consolidated entities upon our acquisition of additional ownership interests.


 
Energy-Related Businesses: Revenues and Cost of Sales
 
The table below shows revenues and cost of sales for our energy-related businesses.
 

ENERGY-RELATED BUSINESSES: REVENUES AND COST OF SALES 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
REVENUES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sempra South American Utilities
$ 
 112 
 9 
%
$ 
 92 
 8 
%
$ 
 71 
 4 
%
    Sempra Mexico
 
 578 
 46 
 
 
 530 
 44 
 
 
 645 
 38 
 
    Sempra Renewables
 
 82 
 7 
 
 
 68 
 6 
 
 
 22 
 1 
 
    Sempra Natural Gas
 
 799 
 64 
 
 
 835 
 69 
 
 
 1,539 
 90 
 
    Intersegment revenues, adjustments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      and eliminations(1)
 
 (323)
 (26)
 
 
 (319)
 (27)
 
 
 (563)
 (33)
 
        Total revenues
$ 
 1,248 
 100 
%
$ 
 1,206 
 100 
%
$ 
 1,714 
 100 
%
COST OF SALES(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sempra Mexico
$ 
 253 
 58 
%
$ 
 197 
 41 
%
$ 
 276 
 37 
%
    Sempra Renewables
 
 3 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 ― 
 
    Sempra Natural Gas
 
 497 
 114 
 
 
 581 
 121 
 
 
 1,034 
 139 
 
    Adjustments and eliminations(1)
 
 (318)
 (73)
 
 
 (300)
 (62)
 
 
 (564)
 (76)
 
        Total cost of natural gas, electric fuel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            and purchased power
$ 
 435 
 100 
%
$ 
 481 
 100 
%
$ 
 746 
 100 
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sempra South American Utilities
$ 
 84 
 47 
%
$ 
 66 
 41 
%
$ 
 45 
 33 
%
    Sempra Mexico
 
 10 
 6 
 
 
 21 
 13 
 
 
 4 
 3 
 
    Sempra Natural Gas
 
 91 
 51 
 
 
 90 
 57 
 
 
 89 
 65 
 
    Adjustments and eliminations(1)
 
 (7)
 (4)
 
 
 (18)
 (11)
 
 
 (1)
 (1)
 
        Total other cost of sales
$ 
 178 
 100 
%
$ 
 159 
 100 
%
$ 
 137 
 100 
%
(1)
Includes eliminations of intercompany activity.
(2)
Excludes depreciation and amortization, which are shown separately on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 
Revenues from our energy-related businesses increased by $42 million (3%) to $1.2 billion in 2013. The increase included
 
§  
$48 million increase at Sempra Mexico primarily due to higher natural gas and power prices, partially offset by the net impact of changes in affiliate agreements;
 
§  
$20 million increase at Sempra South American Utilities primarily due to higher electric construction service and energy distribution revenues at Tecnored; and
 
§  
$14 million increase at Sempra Renewables mainly from revenues generated by our solar assets placed in service during 2012; offset by
 
§  
$36 million decrease at Sempra Natural Gas primarily due to lower power production at Mesquite Power, a portion of which was due to the sale of one 625-MW block of the natural gas-fired power plant, and expiring capacity release contracts at Sempra Rockies Marketing, offset by higher physical gas sales at natural gas marketing and storage operations, and the impact of higher natural gas prices on LNG marketing operations.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, revenues from our energy-related businesses decreased by $508 million (30%) to $1.2 billion. The decrease included
 
§  
$704 million decrease at Sempra Natural Gas due to decreased power sales in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily from the end of the DWR contract in September 2011, lower natural gas revenues from its LNG operations as a result of lower natural gas prices and volumes, and lower revenues due to power sales associated with the EMA with Sempra Mexico, which we discuss above in “Sempra Mexico – Power Business;” and
 
§  
$115 million decrease in 2012 compared to 2011 at Sempra Mexico primarily due to the expiration of the DWR contract, which resulted in a change in the intercompany agreement with Sempra Natural Gas effective January 1, 2012, and from lower natural gas prices at its LNG operations, partially offset by an increase in revenues due to an outage at the Mexicali power plant in 2011; offset by
 
§  
$244 million lower intercompany eliminations primarily associated with sales between Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas; and
 
§  
$46 million increase at Sempra Renewables mainly from revenues generated by our solar and wind assets.
 
The cost of natural gas, electric fuel and purchased power for our energy-related businesses decreased by $46 million (10%) to $435 million in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
an $84 million decrease at Sempra Natural Gas primarily due to lower natural gas costs as a result of lower power production at Mesquite Power, as discussed above, and a decrease at its LNG operations primarily due to lower natural gas sales and lower costs resulting from commercial arrangements entered into with affiliates; offset by
 
§  
a $56 million increase at Sempra Mexico primarily due to higher natural gas prices and costs associated with greenhouse gas allowances.
 
The cost of natural gas, electric fuel and purchased power for our energy-related businesses in 2012 compared to 2011 decreased by $265 million (36%) to $481 million. The decrease was primarily due to:
 
§  
$453 million decrease at Sempra Natural Gas primarily associated with lower natural gas prices and lower power costs associated with the EMA with Sempra Mexico, which we discuss above in “Sempra Mexico – Power Business;” and
 
§  
$79 million decrease at Sempra Mexico primarily due to lower natural gas prices; offset by
 
§  
$264 million lower intercompany eliminations primarily associated with sales between Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas.
 
Other cost of sales from our energy-related businesses increased by $19 million (12%) to $178 million in 2013 primarily due to costs associated with higher service revenues at Tecnored and Tecsur, including those related to electric construction and generation projects.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, other cost of sales from our energy-related businesses increased by $22 million (16%) to $159 million primarily due to twelve months of cost of sales in 2012 for Tecnored and Tecsur compared to only nine months in 2011. We started consolidating Tecnored and Tecsur in April 2011.
 
 
Operation and Maintenance
 
In the table below, we provide a breakdown of our operation and maintenance expenses by segment.
 

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
California Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    SDG&E
$ 
 1,157 
 39 
%
$ 
 1,154 
 39 
%
$ 
 1,072 
 38 
%
    SoCalGas
 
 1,324 
 44 
 
 
 1,304 
 44 
 
 
 1,305 
 46 
 
Sempra International:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sempra South American Utilities
 
 170 
 6 
 
 
 177 
 6 
 
 
 132 
 5 
 
    Sempra Mexico
 
 124 
 4 
 
 
 94 
 3 
 
 
 98 
 3 
 
Sempra U.S. Gas & Power:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sempra Renewables
 
 46 
 1 
 
 
 34 
 1 
 
 
 17 
 1 
 
    Sempra Natural Gas
 
 167 
 6 
 
 
 168 
 6 
 
 
 169 
 6 
 
Parent and other(1)
 
 7 
 ― 
 
 
 25 
 1 
 
 
 32 
 1 
 
Total operation and maintenance
$ 
 2,995 
 100 
%
$ 
 2,956 
 100 
%
$ 
 2,825 
 100 
%
(1)
Includes intercompany eliminations recorded in consolidation.


Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
While our operation and maintenance expenses remained approximately the same at $3.0 billion in 2013, it included the following activities:
 
§  
$30 million higher expenses at Sempra Mexico mainly due to higher administrative expenses from the new IEnova public company structure and scheduled plant maintenance at the Mexicali power plant in 2013;
 
§  
$20 million increase at SoCalGas, which we discuss below; and
 
§  
$12 million increase at Sempra Renewables primarily due to higher corporate allocations, land lease costs for CMS 3, and operating expenses of CMS 2 and MS 1 prior to the projects’ deconsolidation in the third quarter of 2013; offset by
 
§  
$18 million decrease at Parent and Other mainly due to higher eliminations of intersegment operating costs.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, our operation and maintenance expenses increased by $131 million (5%) to $3.0 billion. The increase included
 
§  
$82 million increase at SDG&E, which we discuss below;
 
§  
$45 million increase at Sempra South American Utilities primarily from the consolidation of expenses in Chile and Peru for a full year; and
 
§  
$17 million higher costs at Sempra Renewables primarily due to growth in the business.
 
SDG&E
 
SDG&E’s operation and maintenance expenses remained approximately the same at $1.2 billion in 2013, and included the following activities:
 
§  
$36 million higher non-refundable operating costs, including:
 
□  
$10 million recovery from the DOE in 2012 of incremental costs incurred in prior years for the long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel, and
 
□  
$4 million increase in liability insurance premiums for wildfire coverage in 2013;
 
§  
$7 million higher litigation expense; and
 
§  
$5 million higher operation and maintenance expenses at Otay Mesa VIE; offset by
 
§  
$45 million lower refundable program expenses.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, SDG&E’s operation and maintenance expenses increased by $82 million (8%) to $1.2 billion. The increase was primarily due to:
 
§  
$56 million higher other operation and maintenance costs, including:
 
□  
$14 million associated with the Desert Star generation facility acquired by SDG&E in October 2011 and from increased costs from the operations of other electric generating facilities,
 
□  
$12 million of advanced meter program costs, and
 
□  
$9 million increase in liability insurance premiums for wildfire coverage, offset by
 
□  
$10 million recovery in 2012 of incremental costs incurred in prior years for the long-term storage of spent nuclear fuel; and
 
§  
$29 million higher recoverable expenses primarily due to an increase in electric transmission-related operating expenses.
 
SoCalGas
 
Operation and maintenance expenses at SoCalGas increased by $20 million (2%) to $1.3 billion in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$76 million higher refundable program expenses; offset by
 
§  
$49 million lower non-refundable operating costs; and
 
§  
$7 million insurance recovery in 2013 of previously expensed costs.
 
SoCalGas’ operation and maintenance expenses decreased by $1 million to $1.3 billion in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily due to:
 
§  
$51 million lower recoverable expenses, primarily from reduced funding requirements for employee benefit programs; offset by
 
§  
$49 million higher other operational and maintenance costs, including expenses related to the TIMP, with no corresponding increase in CPUC-authorized margin in 2012 due to the delay in the 2012 GRC decision.
 
 
Depreciation and Amortization
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Our depreciation and amortization expense was
 
§  
$1,113 million in 2013
 
§  
$1,090 million in 2012
 
§  
$976 million in 2011
 
The increase in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$36 million higher depreciation and amortization at SoCalGas from higher utility plant base; and
 
§  
$22 million net increase in depreciation and amortization at SDG&E mainly from Sunrise Powerlink going into service in June 2012 and higher amortization of legacy meters, offset by lower depreciation from the retirement of SONGS; offset by
 
§  
lower depreciation and amortization of $18 million at SDG&E and $15 million at SoCalGas due to the retroactive application to the period of January 1 to December 2012 of the extension of the useful lives of depreciable assets as adopted in the 2012 GRC; and
 
§  
$12 million lower depreciation expense at Sempra Natural Gas largely due to the sale of one block of the Mesquite Power plant in February 2013.
 
The increase in 2012 compared to 2011 included
 
§  
$68 million at SDG&E, primarily from higher electric plant depreciation;
 
§  
$31 million at SoCalGas from an increase in net utility plant base;
 
§  
$16 million from the consolidation of entities in Chile and Peru for a full year; and
 
§  
$10 million at Sempra Renewables mainly due to Mesquite Solar 1 going into service starting in December 2011; offset by
 
§  
$10 million decrease at Sempra Natural Gas primarily due to the sale of El Dorado in 2011.
 
 
Loss From Plant Closure
 
SDG&E has a 20-percent ownership interest in SONGS, a nuclear generating facility near San Clemente, California. SONGS’ Units 2 and 3 were shut down in early 2012 due to steam generator issues and, in June 2013, Southern California Edison, the majority owner and operator of SONGS, made the decision to permanently retire these two units. In the second quarter of 2013, SDG&E recorded a pretax charge of $200 million ($119 million after-tax), which represents the portion of SDG&E’s investment in SONGS and associated costs that management estimates may not be recovered in rates based on prior CPUC precedent. We discuss SONGS further in Notes 13 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
Gain on Sale of Assets
 
In the first quarter of 2013, Sempra Natural Gas completed the sale of one 625-MW block of its Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant to the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District for $371 million, resulting in a pretax gain on sale of the asset of $74 million ($44 million after-tax). In the third quarter of 2013, Sempra Renewables recorded pretax gains of $36 million and $4 million from the sale of 50-percent equity interests in Mesquite Solar 1 and Copper Mountain Solar 2, respectively. After-tax gains from the sales were $22 million and $2 million, respectively.
 
 
Equity Earnings (Losses), Before Income Tax
 
Equity earnings (losses) from our equity method investments were
 
§  
$31 million in 2013
 
§  
$(319) million in 2012
 
§  
$9 million in 2011
 
Equity losses in 2012 included a write-down of our investment in Rockies Express of $400 million, offset by a $41 million make-whole income tax provision payment received from our previous joint venture partner, Kinder Morgan.
 
Results for 2011 include a $16 million write-down of, and $8 million equity loss from, our investment in the RBS Sempra Commodities joint venture. We and RBS, our partner in the joint venture, sold substantially all of the partnership’s businesses and assets in four separate transactions completed in 2010 and early 2011.
 
We provide further details about equity method investments in Note 4 and the impairments of our Rockies Express and RBS Sempra Commodities investments in Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
Remeasurement of Equity Method Investments
 
In the second quarter of 2011, we recorded a $277 million non-taxable gain from the remeasurement of our equity method investments in Chilquinta Energía in Chile and Luz del Sur in Peru.  We provide additional discussion related to this gain below in “Income Taxes” and in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
Other Income, Net
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Other income, net, was
 
§  
$140 million in 2013
 
§  
$172 million in 2012
 
§  
$130 million in 2011
 
Other Income, Net, includes equity-related AFUDC at the California Utilities and, starting in 2013, at Sempra Mexico; interest on regulatory balancing accounts; gains and losses from our investments and interest rate swaps; foreign currency gains and losses; and other, sundry amounts. The investment activity is on dedicated assets in support of certain executive benefit plans, as we discuss in Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Other income, net, decreased by $32 million (19%) to $140 million in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$21 million decrease in equity-related AFUDC, including:
 
□  
$32 million decrease at SDG&E primarily due to completion of construction on the Sunrise Powerlink project in June 2012, and
 
□  
$8 million decrease at SoCalGas, offset by
 
□  
$19 million increase at Sempra Mexico related to construction of the Sonora Pipeline; and
 
§  
$9 million foreign currency gains in 2012.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, other income, net, increased by $42 million (32%) primarily due to:
 
§  
$10 million gains on interest rate and foreign exchange instruments in 2012 compared to $14 million losses in 2011; and
 
§  
$19 million higher gains from investment activity related to our executive retirement and deferred compensation plans in 2012.
 
SDG&E
 
Other income, net, was
 
§  
$40 million in 2013
 
§  
$69 million in 2012
 
§  
$79 million in 2011
 
The decreases in other income, net, in 2013 and 2012 were primarily due to lower AFUDC equity as a result of completion of construction on the Sunrise Powerlink project in June 2012.
 
We provide further details of the components of other income, net, in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
Interest Expense
 
The table below shows the interest expense for Sempra Energy Consolidated, SDG&E and SoCalGas.
 

INTEREST EXPENSE 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 559 
$ 
 493 
$ 
 465 
SDG&E
 
 197 
 
 173 
 
 142 
SoCalGas
 
 69 
 
 68 
 
 69 

Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Our interest expense increased in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$46 million decrease in capitalized interest mainly due to projects placed in service, including: SDG&E’s Sunrise Powerlink, which was placed in service in June 2012; Sempra Renewables’ solar and wind projects, which went online in the fourth quarter of 2012; and additional capacity at Sempra Natural Gas’ Mississippi Hub facility, which went online in September 2012; and
 
§  
$20 million net increase in interest expense primarily related to long-term debt issuances, including:
 
□  
the IEnova debt offering in February 2013,
 
□  
long-term debt issuances in 2012 and 2013 and remarketing of industrial development bonds in 2012 from floating to fixed rates at SDG&E,
 
□  
long-term debt issuances of $1.6 billion in March and September 2012 and November 2013 at Parent and Other, offset by lower interest expense associated with the maturity of $650 million of notes in February and November 2013, and
 
□  
project financing of selected projects at Sempra Renewables.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, our interest expense increased by $28 million (6%) primarily due to:
 
§  
$31 million higher interest expense at SDG&E, which we discuss below; and
 
§  
$19 million higher long-term debt interest expense at Parent and Other from debt issuances in 2012; offset by
 
§  
$24 million higher capitalized interest associated with energy projects at Sempra Renewables.
 
SDG&E
 
SDG&E’s interest expense increased $24 million (14%) in 2013 primarily due to lower AFUDC debt as a result of the Sunrise Powerlink project going into service in June 2012, the issuances of long-term debt in 2012 and 2013 and the remarketing of industrial development bonds from floating to fixed rates in 2012.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, SDG&E’s interest expense increased by $31 million (22%) primarily due to issuances of long-term debt in the second half of 2011 and in March 2012, and the decrease in AFUDC debt in 2012 due to the completion of construction of Sunrise Powerlink.
 

 
Income Taxes
 
The table below shows the income tax expense and effective income tax rates for Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas.
 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE AND EFFECTIVE INCOME TAX RATES 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
 
2013 
 
2012 
 
2011 
 
 
 
Income Tax
 
Effective Income
 
 
Income Tax
 
Effective Income
 
 
Income Tax
 
Effective Income
 
 
 
 
Expense
 
Tax Rate
 
 
Expense
 
Tax Rate
 
 
Expense
 
Tax Rate
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$
 366 
 
 26 
%
$
 59 
 
 6 
%
$
 394 
 
 23 
%
SDG&E
 
 191 
 
 31 
 
 
 190 
 
 27 
 
 
 237 
 
 34 
 
SoCalGas
 
 116 
 
 24 
 
 
 79 
 
 21 
 
 
 143 
 
 33 
 
 
 

 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Sempra Energy’s income tax expense increased in 2013 compared to 2012 due to higher pretax income and a higher effective income tax rate. The higher effective income tax rate was primarily due to:
 
§  
$63 million income tax expense recorded in the first quarter of 2013 resulting from a corporate reorganization in connection with the IEnova stock offerings. We discuss the stock offerings further in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements;
 
§  
a $62 million income tax benefit recorded in 2012 for life insurance contracts, of which $54 million is primarily associated with our decision in the second quarter of 2012 to hold life insurance contracts kept in support of certain benefit plans to term. Previously, we took the position that we might cash in or sell these contracts before maturity, which required that we record deferred income taxes on unrealized gains on investments held within the insurance contracts;
 
§  
lower deferred income tax benefits related to renewable energy projects;
 
§  
lower income tax benefit in 2013 relating to certain repairs expenditures that are capitalized for financial statement purposes, including $22 million income tax benefit recorded in 2012 for 2011 resulting from a favorable change made in the third quarter of 2012, as we discuss below;
 
§  
lower favorable impact of exclusions from taxable income of the equity portion of AFUDC; and
 
§  
lower deductions for self-developed software expenditures; offset by
 
§  
a lower unfavorable impact on our effective tax rate in 2013 from the reversal through book depreciation of previously recognized tax benefits for a certain portion of utility fixed assets; and
 
§  
favorable adjustments to prior years’ income tax items in 2013, primarily at SoCalGas.
 
Sempra Energy’s income tax expense decreased in 2012 compared to 2011 due to significantly lower pretax income (due to the write-down of our investment in Rockies Express in 2012) and a lower effective income tax rate. The lower effective income tax rate was primarily due to:
 
§  
a change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures at SDG&E and SoCalGas that are capitalized for financial statement purposes, which resulted in a $70 million higher income tax benefit compared to 2011, including a $22 million income tax benefit related to the 2011 U.S. federal income tax return filed in the third quarter of 2012. This higher income tax benefit reflects the offsetting impact of lower income tax depreciation and unrecognized income tax benefits. We discuss this change in income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures for electric transmission and distribution assets and for gas plant assets in Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements;
 
§  
a $62 million income tax benefit for life insurance contracts, of which $54 million is primarily associated with our decision in the second quarter of 2012 to hold life insurance contracts kept in support of certain benefit plans to term, as we discuss above;
 
§  
higher renewable energy income tax credits and deferred income tax benefits related to renewable energy projects; and
 
§  
higher deductions for self-developed software expenditures; offset by
 
§  
the impact of the $277 million remeasurement gain (non-U.S. earnings) in 2011 related to our acquisition of controlling interests in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur, which was non-taxable;
 
§  
higher reversal through book depreciation in 2012 of previously recognized tax benefits for a certain portion of utility fixed assets; and
 
§  
higher income tax expense due to Mexican currency translation and inflation adjustments.
 
We use the deferral method of accounting for investment tax credits (ITC). For certain solar and wind generating assets being placed into service during 2011 and 2012, we elected to seek cash grants rather than ITC for which the projects also qualify. Accordingly, cash grant accounting was applied. Grant accounting for cash grants is very similar to the deferral method of accounting for ITC, the primary difference being the recording of a cash grant receivable instead of an income tax receivable. We discuss our accounting for ITC and cash grants further in Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
The results for Sempra Energy Consolidated and SDG&E include Otay Mesa VIE, which is consolidated, and therefore, Sempra Energy Consolidated’s and SDG&E’s effective income tax rates are impacted by the VIE’s stand-alone effective income tax rate, as we discuss in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. For 2013, 2012 and 2011, the impacts on the Sempra Energy Consolidated and SDG&E effective income tax rates shown above were not material.
 
We report as part of our pretax results the income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests. However, we do not record income taxes for a portion of this income or loss, as some of our entities with noncontrolling interests are currently treated as partnerships for income tax purposes and thus we are only liable for income taxes on the portion of the earnings that are allocated to us. As our entities with noncontrolling interests grow, and as we may continue to invest in such entities, the impact on our effective income tax rate may become more significant.
 
In 2014, we anticipate that Sempra Energy Consolidated’s effective income tax rate will be approximately 28% compared to 26% in 2013. This increase is primarily due to a forecasted increase in pretax book income and because we are not currently anticipating any similar significant one-time events as incurred in 2013. In addition, we are forecasting higher planned repatriation of a portion of future earnings beginning in 2014 from our subsidiaries in Mexico and Peru.
 
In the years 2015 through 2018, we anticipate that Sempra Energy Consolidated’s effective income tax rate will range from 30% to 33% primarily due to forecasted increases in pretax book income, higher reversal through book depreciation of previously recognized tax benefits for a certain portion of utility fixed assets and lower deductions for self-developed software expenditures.
 
SDG&E
 
SDG&E’s income tax expense increased in 2013 due to a higher effective tax rate offset by lower pretax income. The higher rate in 2013 compared to 2012 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$22 million income tax benefit recorded in 2012 for 2011 resulting from a favorable change made in the third quarter of 2012 in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures that are capitalized for book purposes; and
 
§  
lower favorable impact of exclusions from taxable income of the equity portion of AFUDC.
 
SDG&E’s income tax expense decreased in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily due to a lower effective income tax rate. The lower effective income tax rate was primarily due to a change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures that are capitalized for financial statement purposes, which resulted in a $36 million higher income tax benefit compared to 2011, including the $22 million income tax benefit related to the 2011 U.S. federal income tax return filed in the third quarter of 2012. This higher income tax benefit reflects the offsetting impact of lower income tax depreciation. The change in income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures for electric transmission and distribution assets was made pursuant to an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Revenue Procedure providing a safe harbor for deducting certain repairs expenditures from taxable income when incurred for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2011.
 
In 2014, we anticipate that SDG&E’s effective income tax rate will be approximately 36% compared to 31% in 2013.  This increase is primarily due to a forecasted increase in pretax book income and lower deductions for self-developed software and repairs expenditures.
 
In the years 2015 through 2018, we anticipate that SDG&E’s effective income tax rate will range from 37% to 38% primarily due to forecasted increases in pretax book income and lower deductions for self-developed software expenditures.
 

SoCalGas
 
SoCalGas’ income tax expense increased in 2013 due to higher pretax income and a higher effective tax rate. The higher rate in 2013 compared to 2012 was primarily due to:
 
§  
lower income tax benefit in 2013 relating to certain repairs expenditures for gas assets that are capitalized for financial statement purposes; and
 
§  
lower deductions for self-developed software expenditures; offset by
 
§  
higher favorable adjustments to prior years’ income tax items in 2013.
 
SoCalGas’ income tax expense decreased in 2012 compared to 2011 due to lower pretax income and a lower effective tax rate. The lower rate in 2012 was primarily due to:
 
§  
a change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures that are capitalized for financial statement purposes, which resulted in a $34 million higher income tax benefit compared to 2011. This higher income tax benefit reflects the offsetting impact of lower income tax depreciation and unrecognized income tax benefits. The change in income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures for gas plant assets was made pursuant to an IRS Revenue Procedure which allows, under an Internal Revenue Code section, for such expenditures to be deducted from taxable income when incurred; and
 
§  
higher deductions for self-developed software expenditures; offset by
 
§  
higher reversal through book depreciation in 2012 of previously recognized tax benefits for a certain portion of utility fixed assets.
 
In 2014, we anticipate that SoCalGas’ effective income tax rate will be approximately 33% compared to 24% in 2013.  This increase is primarily due to a forecasted increase in pretax book income and because we are not currently anticipating any similar significant one-time events as incurred in 2013. In addition, we are forecasting higher reversal through book depreciation of previously recognized tax benefits for a certain portion of utility fixed assets and lower deductions for self-developed software expenditures.
 
In the years 2015 through 2018, we anticipate that SoCalGas’ effective income tax rate will remain constant at approximately 33%, primarily due to forecasted increases in pretax book income and lower deductions for self-developed software expenditures.
 
Subject to review in each general rate case proceeding, in general, the following items are subject to flow-through treatment at the California Utilities:
 
§  
repairs expenditures related to a certain portion of utility plant fixed assets
 
§  
the equity portion of AFUDC
 
§  
a portion of the cost of removal of utility plant assets
 
§  
self-developed software expenditures
 
§  
depreciation on a certain portion of utility plant fixed assets
 
The AFUDC related to equity recorded for regulated construction projects at Sempra Mexico has similar flow-through treatment.
 
In December 2013, the Mexican Congress passed tax reform legislation with the following impacts on Sempra Energy and our Sempra Mexico segment:
 
§  
Higher Corporate Tax Rate:  Previously, the law provided that the corporate income tax rate would return to the previously enacted rate of 28 percent for 2014 and future years. The newly enacted rate is 30 percent for 2014 and future years. The earnings impact of this rate change is:
 
□  
For 2013, $13 million additional income tax expense related to the revaluation of deferred tax liabilities.
 
□  
For 2014 through 2017, estimated higher income tax expense of approximately $18 million in total over the four years.
 
§  
Tax Consolidation:  The current consolidation rules under the income tax law were replaced with new rules under which tax benefits are recaptured in three years instead of five years. As part of the revocation of the old rules, we are required to make a prepayment of approximately $38 million in 2014 that we expect to recover in 2015. The new rules do not have a material earnings impact at Sempra Energy or our Sempra Mexico segment.
 
§  
10-Percent Dividends Tax:  A new “corporate” tax on dividends is payable by the Mexican entity that distributes the dividend to its foreign shareholder, which will increase Mexico’s income tax rate to an effective 37 percent. Under the law, this tax is reduced or offset in accordance with bilateral tax treaties. The dividends from our Mexican entities to Sempra Energy will be to a country which has a bilateral tax treaty with Mexico that we expect will fully offset the tax. Accordingly, we do not expect this rule to have a material financial impact.
 
In January 2013, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (2012 Tax Act) was signed into law. The 2012 Tax Act included retroactive extensions from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2013 of certain business income tax provisions that had expired at the end of 2011, including the look-through rule. The look-through rule allows, under certain situations, for certain non-operating income (e.g., dividend income, royalty income, interest income, rental income, etc.), of a greater than 50-percent owned non-U.S. subsidiary, to not be taxed under U.S. federal income tax law. The retroactive application of the look-through rule to 2012 resulted in a $6 million income tax benefit. However, as the 2012 Tax Act was not signed into law as of December 31, 2012, the extension of the look-through rule has been treated as a 2013 event, and the related income tax benefit for 2012 was recorded in the first quarter of 2013. The 2012 Tax Act also extended the 50 percent bonus depreciation for qualified property placed in service before January 1, 2014, the impact of which is discussed below.
 
In December 2010, the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 (2010 Tax Act) was signed into law. The 2010 Tax Act included the extension of bonus depreciation for U.S. federal income tax purposes for years 2010 through 2012 and an increase in the rate of bonus depreciation from 50 percent to 100 percent. This increased rate only applies to certain investments made after September 8, 2010 through December 31, 2012. Self-constructed property, where the construction period exceeds one year, construction started between December 31, 2007 and January 1, 2013, and the property is placed in service by December 31, 2013, qualified for bonus depreciation in 2013 at either the original or increased rate.
 
Due to the extension of bonus depreciation, Sempra Energy generated a U.S. federal net operating loss (NOL) in 2011, 2012 and 2013. We currently project that the total NOL will not be fully utilized until approximately 2018. Because of the carryforward of NOL and U.S. federal income tax credits discussed below, Sempra Energy expects no U.S. federal income tax payments in years 2014 through 2018. Because bonus depreciation only creates a temporary difference between Sempra Energy’s U.S. federal income tax return and its U.S. GAAP financial statements, it does not impact Sempra Energy’s effective income tax rate. We expect larger U.S. federal income tax payments in the future as these temporary differences reverse.
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas both generated a large U.S. federal NOL in 2011 and in 2012 primarily due to bonus depreciation. In 2012, SoCalGas was able to, on a stand-alone basis, carry back its 2011 NOL to 2009 and partially carry back 2012 NOL to 2010 to offset taxable income in those years. In 2012, SDG&E was able to, on a stand-alone basis, carry back a majority of its 2011 NOL to 2009 and 2010 to offset taxable income in those years. The remaining portion of SDG&E’s 2011 NOL and 2012 NOL is carried forward to offset taxable income from 2013 to 2015, when we expect that the NOL will be fully utilized. Since SDG&E’s 2012 NOL and partial NOL from 2011 will be carried forward, it is therefore recorded as a deferred income tax asset. Because of the carryforward of NOL and U.S. federal income tax credits discussed below, SDG&E expects minimal U.S. federal income tax payments in 2014. SoCalGas’ 2012 remaining NOL after carry back will be carried forward, and is therefore recorded as a deferred income tax asset. We currently project that SoCalGas’ NOL carryforward, on a stand-alone basis, will be fully utilized by 2014. Because bonus depreciation only creates a temporary difference between SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ U.S. federal income tax returns and U.S. GAAP financial statements, it does not impact SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ effective income tax rates. We expect larger U.S. federal income tax payments in the future as these temporary differences reverse.
 
Bonus depreciation, in addition to impacting Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s U.S. federal income tax payments, will also have a temporary impact on Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s ability to utilize their U.S. federal income tax credits, which primarily are investment tax credits and production tax credits generated by Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s current and future renewable energy investments. However, based on current projections, Sempra Energy and SDG&E do not expect, based on more-likely-than-not criteria required under U.S. GAAP, any of these income tax credits to expire prior to the end of their 20-year carryforward period, as allowed under current U.S. federal income tax law. We also expect bonus depreciation to increase the deferred income tax liability component of SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ rate base, which reduces rate base.
 
We had planned to begin repatriating a portion of future earnings beginning in 2013 from certain of our non-U.S. subsidiaries in Mexico and Peru. Due to the income tax expense resulting from a corporate reorganization in connection with the IEnova stock offerings that we discuss in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we made a distribution in 2013 of approximately $200 million from our non-U.S. subsidiaries. This distribution was from previously taxed income and will not be subject to additional U.S. federal income tax. We now plan to repatriate a portion of future earnings beginning in 2014 from our subsidiaries in Mexico and Peru. Currently, all future repatriated earnings would be subject to U.S. income tax (with a credit for foreign income taxes) and future repatriation from Peru would be subject to local country withholding tax. Because this potential repatriation would only be from future earnings, it does not change our current assertion that we intend to continue to indefinitely reinvest our cumulative undistributed non-U.S. earnings through December 31, 2013. Therefore, we do not intend to use these cumulative undistributed earnings as a source of funding for U.S. operations.
 
Mexican Currency Exchange Rate and Inflation Impact on Income Taxes and Related Economic Hedging Activity
 
Our Mexican subsidiaries have U.S. dollar denominated cash balances, receivables and payables (monetary assets and liabilities) that give rise to Mexican currency exchange rate movements for Mexican income tax purposes. They also have deferred income tax assets and liabilities that are denominated in the Mexican peso, which must be translated to U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. In addition, monetary assets and liabilities are adjusted for Mexican inflation for Mexican income tax purposes.
 
The fluctuations in both the currency exchange rate for the Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar, with regard to Mexican monetary assets and liabilities, and Mexican inflation are subject to Mexican income tax and thus may expose us to fluctuations in our income tax expense. The income tax expense of Sempra Mexico is impacted by these factors. From time to time, we may utilize short-term foreign currency derivatives at our subsidiaries and at the consolidated level as a means to manage these exposures.
 
For Sempra Energy Consolidated, the impacts in 2011-2013 related to the factors described above are as follows:
 

MEXICAN CURRENCY IMPACT ON INCOME TAXES AND RELATED ECONOMIC HEDGING ACTIVITY
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Income tax (expense) benefit on currency exchange
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
rate movement of monetary assets and liabilities
$ 
 (6)
$ 
 (6)
$ 
 11 
Translation of non-U.S. deferred income tax balances
 
 1 
 
 (2)
 
 11 
Income tax expense on inflation
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
 
 (4)
 
Total impact on income taxes
 
 (5)
 
 (10)
 
 18 
After-tax gains (losses) on Mexican peso exchange rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
instruments (included in Other Income, Net)
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 (9)
Net impacts on Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Operations
$ 
 (1)
$ 
 (4)
$ 
 9 

 
Equity Earnings, Net of Income Tax
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Equity earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net of income tax, which are primarily earnings from Sempra South American Utilities’ and Sempra Mexico’s equity method investments, were
 
§  
$24 million in 2013
 
§  
$36 million in 2012
 
§  
$52 million in 2011
 
The decrease in 2013 included
 
§  
$11 million equity losses related to our investments in two Argentine natural gas utility holding companies, including $7 million noncash impairment charge in the first quarter of 2013 and $4 million loss from the sale of the investments in the second quarter of 2013, as we discuss in Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements; and
 
§  
$4 million of equity losses in 2013 from our Eletrans S.A. and Eletrans II S.A. (collectively, Eletrans) joint ventures in Chile resulting from a forward exchange contract to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk; offset by
 
§  
$3 million higher earnings in 2013 from Sempra Mexico’s joint-venture interest in pipeline assets.
 
The decrease in 2012 compared to 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$24 million earnings in 2011 related to equity method investments in Chile and Peru, for entities that we have consolidated since April 2011; offset by
 
§  
$7 million higher earnings from Sempra Mexico’s joint-venture interest in pipeline assets.
 

Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests were $79 million for 2013 compared to $55 million for the same period in 2012. The net change of $24 million included
 
§  
$26 million earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests of IEnova in 2013; offset by
 
§  
$2 million lower earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest at Otay Mesa VIE in 2013.
 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests increased by $13 million in 2012 compared to 2011 primarily due to:
 
§  
$7 million higher earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest at Otay Mesa VIE, which we discuss below; and
 
§  
$5 million higher earnings at Sempra South American Utilities primarily from noncontrolling interests at Luz del Sur.
 
SDG&E
 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest at Otay Mesa VIE decreased by $2 million (8%) to $24 million in 2013.
 
In 2012 compared to 2011, earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest at Otay Mesa VIE increased by $7 million due to higher operating income.
 
 
Earnings
 
We summarize variations in overall earnings in “Overall Results of Operations of Sempra Energy and Factors Affecting the Results” above. We discuss variations in earnings (losses) by segment above in “Segment Results.”
 
 
TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES
 
We provide information about our related party transactions in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
BOOK VALUE PER SHARE
 
Sempra Energy’s book value per share on the last day of each year was
 
§  
$45.03 in 2013
 
§  
$42.43 in 2012
 
§  
$40.74 in 2011
 
The increases in 2013 and 2012 were primarily the result of comprehensive income exceeding dividends.
 

 
CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
 

 
OVERVIEW
 
We expect our cash flows from operations to fund a substantial portion of our capital expenditures and dividends. In addition, we may meet our cash requirements through the issuance of securities, including short-term and long-term debt securities, distributions from our equity method investments, and project financing.
 
Significant events in 2013 affecting capital resources, liquidity and cash flows were
 
§  
$574 million net proceeds from IEnova common stock offerings
 
§  
$546 million proceeds from Sempra Natural Gas’ sale of a 625-MW block of its Mesquite Power plant ($371 million) and Sempra Renewables’ sale of equity interests in Mesquite Solar 1 and Copper Mountain Solar 2 ($175 million)
 
§  
$238 million U.S. Treasury grant proceeds received
 
§  
long-term debt issuances of $1.6 billion, including $500 million at Sempra Energy, $450 million at SDG&E and $408 million (U.S. equivalent) at IEnova
 
§  
$1 billion of long-term debt retirements and paydowns, including $650 million at Sempra Energy, and $199 million at SDG&E
 
§  
$2.6 billion in expenditures for property, plant and equipment, including $978 million at SDG&E and $762 million at SoCalGas
 
§  
$204 million undercollection of electric resource costs at SDG&E
 
§  
$83 million redemption of SDG&E’s outstanding preferred stock (including call premium and accrued dividends)
 
We discuss these events in more detail later in this section.
 
Our committed lines of credit provide liquidity and support commercial paper. As we discuss in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Sempra Energy, Sempra Global (the holding company for our subsidiaries not subject to California utility regulation) and the California Utilities each have five-year revolving credit facilities, expiring in 2017. At Sempra Energy and the California Utilities, the agreements are syndicated broadly among 24 different lenders and at Sempra Global, among 25 different lenders. No single lender has greater than a 7-percent share in any agreement.
 
The table below shows the amount of available funds at year-end 2013:
 
AVAILABLE FUNDS AT DECEMBER 31, 2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
SDG&E      
SoCalGas 
Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents(1)
$
 904 
$
 27 
$
 27 
Available unused credit(2)
 
 3,430 
 
 599 
 
 616 
(1)
Amounts at Sempra Energy Consolidated include $814 million held in non-U.S. jurisdictions that are unavailable to fund U.S. operations unless repatriated, as we discuss below.
(2)
Borrowings on the shared line of credit at SDG&E and SoCalGas, discussed in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, are limited to $658 million for each utility and a combined total of $877 million. SDG&E's available funds reflect commercial paper outstanding of $59 million supported by the line. SoCalGas' available funds reflect commercial paper outstanding of $42 million supported by the line.
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
We believe that these available funds and cash flows from operations, distributions from equity method investments and securities issuances, and project financing and partnering in joint ventures, combined with current cash and cash equivalents balances, will be adequate to fund operations, including to:
 
§  
finance capital expenditures
 
§  
meet liquidity requirements
 
§  
fund shareholder dividends
 
§  
fund new business acquisitions or start-ups
 
§  
repay maturing long-term debt
 
In November 2013, Sempra Energy publicly offered and sold $500 million of 4.05-percent notes maturing in 2023. In September 2013, SDG&E publicly offered and sold $450 million of 3.6-percent first mortgage bonds maturing in 2023. Sempra Energy, SoCalGas and SDG&E issued long-term debt in 2012 in the aggregate principal amounts of $1.1 billion, $350 million and $250 million, respectively. Changing economic conditions could affect the availability and cost of both short-term and long-term financing. If cash flows from operations were to be significantly reduced or we were unable to borrow under acceptable terms, we would likely first reduce or postpone discretionary capital expenditures (not related to safety) and investments in new businesses. If these measures were necessary, they would primarily impact certain of our Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power businesses before we would reduce funds necessary for the ongoing needs of our utilities. We continuously monitor our ability to finance the needs of our operating, investing and financing activities in a manner consistent with our intention to maintain strong, investment-grade credit ratings and capital structure.
 
The increase in Sempra Energy Consolidated cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2013 compared to December 31, 2012 of $429 million was primarily due to the cash proceeds from the IEnova debt and equity offerings and remains held in cash and cash equivalents in non-U.S. jurisdiction entities at December 31, 2013. Net cash proceeds from these transactions totaled approximately $1 billion. Although IEnova used the majority of the proceeds from its debt offering to repay intercompany debt balances, these balances were primarily with other Sempra Energy consolidated foreign entities. In 2013, cash held in foreign jurisdictions was utilized to pay down $83 million of bonds at Chilquinta Energía, fund capital expenditures at Sempra Mexico, and repatriate approximately $200 million pursuant to our plans to do so as we discuss below. The repatriated funds were used primarily to pay down commercial paper borrowings. Sempra Energy also received $371 million cash proceeds from the sale of a 625-MW block of Sempra Natural Gas’ Mesquite Power plant, which we utilized to pay down commercial paper in February and March of 2013. In July 2013, we received $72 million cash proceeds from the sale of a 50-percent equity interest in CMS 2, and in September 2013, we received $103 million cash proceeds from the sale of a 50-percent equity interest in MS 1. These funds were utilized to pay down commercial paper in July and September 2013. We discuss these transactions further in Notes 3 and 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
In three separate transactions during 2010 and one in early 2011, we and RBS sold substantially all of the businesses and assets of our joint-venture partnership that comprised our commodities-marketing businesses. Distributions from the partnership in 2013 and 2011 were $50 million and $623 million, respectively. The investment balance of $73 million at December 31, 2013 reflects remaining distributions expected to be received from the partnership as it is dissolved. The timing and amount of distributions may be impacted by the matters we discuss related to RBS Sempra Commodities in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under “Other Litigation.” In addition, amounts may be retained by the partnership for an extended period of time to help offset unanticipated future general and administrative costs necessary to complete the dissolution of the partnership.
 
We provide additional information about RBS Sempra Commodities and the sales transactions and guarantees in Notes 4, 5 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
In April 2011, Sempra South American Utilities acquired AEI’s interests in Chilquinta Energía, Luz del Sur, and related entities for $611 million in cash (net of cash acquired). This transaction was funded with excess funds from foreign operations, proceeds from divestitures and short-term debt.
 
We provide additional information about Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
At December 31, 2013, our cash and cash equivalents held in non-U.S. jurisdictions that are unavailable to fund U.S. operations unless repatriated are $814 million. As we discuss in “Results of Operations – Changes in Revenues, Costs and Earnings – Income Taxes” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” we plan to repatriate a portion of future earnings beginning in 2014 from certain of our non-U.S. subsidiaries in Mexico and Peru. Because this potential repatriation would only be from future earnings, it does not change our current assertion that we intend to continue to indefinitely reinvest our cumulative undistributed non-U.S. earnings through December 31, 2013. Therefore, we do not intend to use these cumulative undistributed earnings as a source of funding for U.S. operations.
 
We have significant investments in several trusts to provide for future payments of pensions and other postretirement benefits, and nuclear decommissioning. Changes in asset values, which are dependent on the activity in the equity and fixed income markets, have not affected the trust funds’ abilities to make required payments, but along with a number of other factors such as changes to discount rates, assumed rates of returns and regulations, may impact funding requirements for pension and other postretirement benefit plans and the nuclear decommissioning trusts. At the California Utilities, funding requirements are generally recoverable in rates.
 
On February 21, 2014, our board of directors approved an increase to Sempra Energy’s quarterly common stock dividend to $0.66 per share ($2.64 annually), an increase of $0.03 per share ($0.12 annually) from $0.63 per share ($2.52 annually) authorized in February 2013. Declarations of dividends on our common stock are made at the discretion of the board. While we view dividends as an integral component of shareholder return, the amount of future dividends will depend upon earnings, cash flows, financial and legal requirements, and other relevant factors at that time.
 
On February 22, 2013, our board of directors approved an increase to Sempra Energy’s quarterly common stock dividend to $0.63 per share ($2.52 annually), an increase of $0.03 per share ($0.12 annually) from $0.60 per share ($2.40 annually) authorized in February 2012. We provide further information regarding dividends and dividend restrictions in “Dividends” below and under “Restricted Net Assets” in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
Short-Term Borrowings
 
Our short-term debt is primarily used to meet liquidity requirements, fund shareholder dividends, temporarily finance capital expenditures, and fund new business acquisitions or start-ups. Our corporate short-term, unsecured promissory notes, or commercial paper, were our primary source of short-term debt funding in 2013.
 

The following table shows selected statistics for our commercial paper borrowings for 2013:
 

COMMERCIAL PAPER STATISTICS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
SDG&E
 
SoCalGas
Amount outstanding at December 31, 2013
$
 691 
(1) 
$
 59 
 
$
 42 
Weighted average interest rate at December 31, 2013
 
0.32%
 
 
0.13%
 
 
0.13%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Maximum month-end amount outstanding during 2013(2)
$
 995 
 
$
 136 
 
$
 42 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Monthly weighted average amount outstanding during 2013
$
 711 
 
$
 10 
 
$
 1 
Monthly weighted average interest rate during 2013
 
0.44%
 
 
0.16%
 
 
0.13%
(1)
Includes $200 million classified as long-term, as we discuss in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
(2)
The largest amount outstanding at the end of the last day of any month during the year.

Significant cash flows impacting commercial paper levels at Sempra Energy during 2013 included:
 
§  
issuance of long-term debt at Sempra Energy ($500 million);
 
§  
repatriated funds received from non-U.S. subsidiaries (approximately $200 million);
 
§  
cash proceeds from the sale of a 625-MW block of Sempra Natural Gas’ Mesquite Power plant ($371 million);
 
§  
cash proceeds from the sale of a 50-percent equity interest in Copper Mountain Solar 2 ($72 million);
 
§  
cash proceeds from the sale of a 50-percent equity interest in Mesquite Solar 1 ($103 million); and
 
§  
U.S. Treasury grant proceeds ($238 million); offset by
 
§  
repayments of debt ($650 million); and
 
§  
payments of common dividends ($606 million) at Sempra Energy.
 
 
California Utilities
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas expect that available funds, cash flows from operations and debt issuances will continue to be adequate to meet their working capital and capital expenditure requirements.
 
SoCalGas declared and paid common dividends of $50 million in 2013, $250 million in 2012, and $50 million in 2011. However, as a result of the increase in SoCalGas’ capital investment programs over the next few years, and the increase in SoCalGas’ authorized common equity weighting as approved by the CPUC in the cost of capital proceeding, management expects that SoCalGas’ dividends on common stock will be reduced, when compared to the dividends on common stock declared on an annual basis historically, or temporarily suspended over the next few years to maintain SoCalGas’ authorized capital structure during the periods of high capital investments. We discuss the cost of capital proceeding in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
As a result of SDG&E’s large capital investment program over the past few years and the level of capital investment in 2013, SDG&E did not pay common dividends to Sempra Energy in 2013 or 2012. In 2011, Sempra Energy made a $200 million capital contribution to SDG&E. However, due to the completion of construction of the Sunrise Powerlink transmission power line in June 2012, SDG&E expects to be able to resume the declaration and payment of dividends on its common stock in 2014.
 
On October 15, 2013, SDG&E redeemed all of its outstanding preferred stock for $83 million (including call premium and accrued dividends).
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
We expect projects at Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur to be funded by available funds, funds internally generated by those businesses and by external borrowings.
 
 
Sempra Mexico
 
We expect projects in Mexico to be funded through a combination of available funds, funds internally generated by the Mexico businesses, debt issuances, project financing, partnering in joint ventures, and the proceeds from IEnova’s debt and equity offerings in early 2013. In February 2013, IEnova, a subsidiary of Sempra Mexico, publicly offered and sold in Mexico $306 million U.S. equivalent of fixed-rate, peso-denominated notes maturing in 2023 and $102 million U.S. equivalent variable-rate, peso-denominated notes maturing in 2018. Sempra Mexico used the proceeds of the notes primarily for the repayment of intercompany debt and also for capital projects. Sempra Mexico entered into cross-currency swaps for U.S. dollars at the time of issuance. We discuss this offering further in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
In March 2013, Sempra Mexico received net proceeds of $574 million from the sale of IEnova common stock in concurrent private and public offerings, as we discuss in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Sempra Mexico is using the net proceeds from these offerings primarily for general corporate purposes and for the funding of current investments and ongoing expansion plans.
 
 
Sempra Renewables
 
We expect Sempra Renewables to require funds for the development of and investment in electric renewable energy projects. Projects at Sempra Renewables may be financed through a combination of operating cash flow, project financing, funds from the parent, and partnering in joint ventures. The Sempra Renewables projects have planned in-service dates through 2016. In May 2013, Sempra Renewables received $286 million in total committed funding ($146 million of which was drawn upon in May 2013) related to Copper Mountain Solar 2, as we discuss in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In July 2013, Sempra Renewables sold a 50-percent equity interest in Copper Mountain Solar 2 to ConEdison Development and received $72 million in cash from the sale. Sempra Renewables’ interest is now accounted for under the equity method and the related long-term debt was deconsolidated upon the sale. Sempra Renewables received $103 million in cash from the sale of a 50-percent equity interest in Mesquite Solar 1 to ConEdison Development in September 2013. Mesquite Solar 1’s $297 million of outstanding long-term debt was also deconsolidated after the sale.
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
We expect Sempra Natural Gas to require funding for the expansion of its portfolio of projects, including natural gas storage and pipelines and natural gas liquefaction facility. Funding for the development and expansion of its natural gas storage and transmission projects may be financed through a combination of operating cash flow and funding from the parent. In January 2014, management approved a plan to sell the remaining 625-MW block of the Mesquite Power plant, which we expect to yield cash proceeds at the time of sale. Sempra Natural Gas also plans to develop a natural gas liquefaction export facility at its Cameron LNG terminal. Sempra Natural Gas expects the majority of the liquefaction project to be project-financed with most or all of the remainder of the capital requirements to be provided by the project partners, including Sempra Energy, through equity contributions in a joint venture agreement. We expect to provide the majority of our share of equity through the contribution of the existing Cameron LNG facility at an agreed value of approximately $1 billion and also by cash generated from each train as it comes on line.
 
Some of Sempra Natural Gas’ long-term power sale contracts contain collateral requirements that require its affiliates and/or the counterparty to post cash, guarantees or letters of credit to the other party for exposure in excess of established thresholds. Sempra Natural Gas may be required to provide collateral when the fair value of the contract with our counterparty exceeds established thresholds. We have no collateral posted and less than $1 million of collateral owed to counterparties at December 31, 2013 pursuant to these requirements.
 
 
 CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
(Dollars in millions)
 
2013 
2013 Change
2012 
2012 Change
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 1,784 
$ 
 (234)
 (12)
% 
$ 
 2,018 
$ 
 151 
 8 
% 
$ 
 1,867 
SDG&E
 
 719 
 
 (382)
 (35)
 
 
 1,101 
 
 219 
 25 
 
 
 882 
SoCalGas
 
 681 
 
 (165)
 (20)
 
 
 846 
 
 292 
 53 
 
 
 554 
 

 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Cash provided by operating activities at Sempra Energy decreased in 2013 due to:
 
§  
$110 million decrease in net overcollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2013 at SoCalGas (including long-term amounts included in regulatory assets) compared to a $31 million increase in net overcollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2012. Over- and undercollected regulatory balancing accounts reflect the difference between customer billings and recorded or CPUC-authorized costs. These differences are required to be balanced over time. See further explanation for changes in regulatory balances at both SDG&E and SoCalGas below;
 
§  
$273 million increase in accounts receivable in 2013, primarily due to a $60 million increase at SoCalGas as a result of an increase in billing rates in 2013, and a $69 million increase in natural gas sales at Sempra Natural Gas in 2013;
 
§  
$375 million of funds received from wildfire litigation settlements at SDG&E in 2012; and
 
§  
$85 million payment received by SDG&E in 2012 for third party transmission line access (which we discuss in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements); offset by
 
§  
$259 million higher net income, adjusted for noncash items included in earnings, in 2013 compared to 2012;
 
§  
a $203 million decrease in settlement payments and associated legal fees in 2013 for wildfire claims at SDG&E; and
 
§  
$116 million decrease in inventory in 2013 (including an $82 million decrease at SoCalGas) compared to a $78 million increase in 2012.
 
Cash provided by operating activities at Sempra Energy increased in 2012 due to:
 
§  
$290 million higher net income, adjusted for noncash items included in earnings, in 2012 compared to 2011;
 
§  
$375 million of funds received in 2012 compared to $300 million received in 2011 from wildfire litigation settlements;
 
§  
$130 million settlement payment in 2011 related to energy crisis litigation;
 
§  
a $36 million decrease in accounts receivable in 2012 compared to a $32 million increase in accounts receivable in 2011; and
 
§  
an $85 million payment received by SDG&E for third party transmission line access; offset by
 
§  
$29 million increase in income taxes receivable in 2012 compared to a $269 million decrease in income taxes receivable in 2011;
 
§  
an increase of $291 million in net undercollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2012 compared to an increase of $150 million in such accounts in 2011; and
 
§  
$53 million of distributions from RBS Sempra Commodities in 2011.
 
 
SDG&E
 
Cash provided by operating activities at SDG&E decreased in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$375 million of funds received from wildfire litigation settlements in 2012;
 
§  
$85 million payment received in 2012 for third party transmission line access; and
 
§  
$50 million increase in income taxes receivable in 2013 compared to an $85 million decrease in 2012; offset by
 
§  
$301 million increase in net undercollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2013 (including long-term amounts included in regulatory assets) compared to a $322 million increase in 2012,  as detailed below in the discussion of the increase in cash provided by operating activities in 2012. The increase in the net undercollected balancing accounts in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
□  
$103 million increase in the net undercollected balance due to the adoption of the 2012 GRC in 2013; and
 
□  
$204 million increase in the undercollected balancing account for electric resource cost;
 
§  
$40 million higher net income, adjusted for noncash items included in earnings, in 2013 compared to 2012; and
 
§  
$203 million decrease in settlement payments and associated legal fees in 2013 for wildfire claims.
 

Cash provided by operating activities at SDG&E increased in 2012 due to:
 
§  
$375 million of funds received in 2012 compared to $300 million received in 2011 from wildfire litigation settlements;
 
§  
$242 million net income tax refunds in 2012 compared to $59 million net income tax payments in 2011;
 
§  
$129 million higher net income, adjusted for noncash items included in earnings, in 2012 compared to 2011; and
 
§  
an $85 million payment received in 2012 for third party transmission line access; offset by
 
§  
$42 million decrease in accounts payable in 2012 compared to a $68 million increase in accounts payable in 2011; and
 
§  
an increase of $322 million in net undercollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2012 compared to an increase of $87 million in such accounts in 2011, as follows:
 
□  
the increase in net undercollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2012 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$214 million undercollection of electric resource costs, and
 
§  
$71 million return of prior year’s overcollection to customers and $83 million of unrecovered current year spending for advanced metering infrastructure costs, offset by
 
§  
$54 million reduction of prior year’s undercollected electric distribution fixed costs.
 
□  
the increase in net undercollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
$18 million undercollection of electric resource costs,
 
§  
$36 million undercollection of power commodity costs and costs associated with SDG&E’s contracts with qualifying electric generation facilities, and
 
§  
$18 million undercollection of rate design settlement costs.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
Cash provided by operating activities at SoCalGas decreased in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$110 million decrease in overcollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2013 (including long-term amounts included in regulatory assets) compared to a $31 million increase in 2012, as detailed below in the discussion of the increase in cash provided from operating activities in 2012. The decrease in the net overcollected balancing accounts in 2013 was primarily due to:
 
□  
$26 million decrease in the net overcollected balancing accounts due to the adoption of the 2012 GRC in 2013, and
 
□  
$86 million change in the balancing account for fixed costs associated with core customer activities. In 2013, this account changed from a $36 million overcollected balance to a $50 million undercollected balance at year-end;
 
§  
$113 million increase in accounts receivable in 2013, primarily due to a $60 million increase in trade accounts receivable and a $30 million increase in physical gas sales. The $60 million increase in trade accounts receivable is primarily due to the increase in billing rates in 2013 compared to 2012; and
 
§  
$54 million decrease in accounts payable in 2013 compared to a $54 million increase in 2012; offset by
 
§  
$92 million higher net income, adjusted for noncash items included in earnings, in 2013 compared to 2012; and
 
§  
$82 million decrease in inventory in 2013 compared to $1 million increase in 2012, due to higher net withdrawal volume and higher rate of natural gas withdrawn in 2013.
 
Cash provided by operating activities at SoCalGas increased in 2012 due to:
 
§  
$37 million decrease in accounts receivable in 2012 compared to a $57 million increase in accounts receivable in 2011;
 
§  
a $54 million increase in accounts payable in 2012 compared to a $7 million decrease in accounts payable in 2011;
 
§  
$46 million increase in inventory in 2011;
 
§  
$25 million higher net income, adjusted for noncash items included in earnings, in 2012 compared to 2011; and
 

§  
an increase of $31 million in net overcollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2012 as compared to a decrease of $63 million in net overcollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2011, as follows:
 
□  
the increase in net overcollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2012 was primarily due to:
 
§  
overcollection of California Alternate Rates for Energy (CARE) program costs of $54 million; and
 
§  
overcollection of advanced metering infrastructure costs of $38 million; offset by
 
§  
undercollection of fixed costs associated with core customer activities of $59 million.
 
□  
the decrease in net overcollected regulatory balancing accounts in 2011 was primarily due to:
 
§  
undercollection of direct assistance program costs of $32 million; and
 
§  
undercollection of postretirement benefit plans costs of $27 million.
 
The table below shows the contributions to pension and other postretirement benefit plans for each of the past three years.
 

CONTRIBUTIONS TO PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS 2011-2013
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement Benefits 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 133 
$ 
 123 
$ 
 212 
 
$ 
 27 
$ 
 39 
$ 
 72 
SDG&E
 
 51 
 
 45 
 
 69 
 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 15 
SoCalGas
 
 59 
 
 47 
 
 95 
 
 
 9 
 
 23 
 
 55 

The significant decrease in 2012 compared to 2011 was due to the passage of legislation in July 2012, the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act, that significantly reduces the minimum contributions required for single employer defined benefit plans, but increases premiums to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation. The contributions to our other postretirement plans at SoCalGas and Sempra Energy decreased significantly in 2012 compared to 2011 mainly due to the impact of lower than expected retiree claims costs, our election to switch to an Employer Group Waiver Plan for administering prescription drug benefits for retirees and the change in the participation rates assumption to reflect lower anticipated utilization.
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 

CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES
(Dollars in millions)
 
2013 
2013 Change
2012 
2012 Change
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 (1,689)
$ 
 (1,469)
 (47)
% 
$ 
 (3,158)
$ 
 88 
 3 
% 
$ 
 (3,070)
SDG&E
 
 (973)
 
 (262)
 (21)
 
 
 (1,235)
 
 (529)
 (30)
 
 
 (1,764)
SoCalGas
 
 (728)
 
 85 
 13 
 
 
 (643)
 
 9 
 1 
 
 
 (634)
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Cash used in investing activities at Sempra Energy decreased in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$384 million decrease in capital expenditures;
 
§  
$371 million proceeds received from Sempra Natural Gas’ 2013 sale of a 625-MW block of its Mesquite Power plant;
 
§  
$372 million invested in wind assets in 2012, including $291 million in the Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm;
 
§  
$238 million U.S. Treasury grant proceeds;
 
§  
$103 million proceeds received from the sale of a 50-percent equity interest in Mesquite Solar 1; and
 
§  
$72 million proceeds received from the sale of a 50-percent equity interest in Copper Mountain Solar 2; offset by
 
§  
$55 million lower distributions from investments, including a $50 million distribution in 2013 from RBS Sempra Commodities.
 

Cash used in investing activities at Sempra Energy increased in 2012 due to:
 
§  
$570 million in distributions received from RBS Sempra Commodities in 2011;
 
§  
$381 million in payments in 2011 for claims related to wildfire litigation using restricted funds received from a wildfire litigation settlement;
 
§  
$127 million increase in investments in wind assets; and
 
§  
$112 million increase in capital expenditures; offset by
 
§  
$611 million in cash used to fund Sempra South American Utilities’ purchase of South American entities in 2011;
 
§  
a $300 million increase in SDG&E’s restricted cash in 2011 due to funds received from a wildfire litigation settlement;
 
§  
$148 million in distributions received from Flat Ridge 2 in 2012; and
 
§  
$59 million from the sale of Chilquinta Energía bonds in 2012.
 
 
SDG&E
 
In 2013, cash used in investing activities at SDG&E decreased primarily due to a $259 million decrease in capital expenditures, primarily due to the completion of the Sunrise Powerlink project in June 2012.
 
Cash used in investing activities decreased at SDG&E in 2012 primarily due to:
 
§  
a $594 million decrease in capital expenditures, primarily due to the completion of the Sunrise Powerlink project in June 2012; and
 
§  
a $300 million increase in restricted cash in 2011 due to funds received from a wildfire litigation settlement; offset by
 
§  
$381 million in payments for claims in 2011 related to wildfire litigation using restricted funds received from a wildfire litigation settlement.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
Cash used in investing activities at SoCalGas increased in 2013 due to:
 
§  
a $123 million increase in capital expenditures; offset by
 
§  
$34 million decrease in advances to Sempra Energy in 2013 compared to a $4 million increase in advances to Sempra Energy in 2012.
 
Cash used in investing activities increased at SoCalGas in 2012 primarily due to:
 
§  
a $4 million increase in advances to Sempra Energy in 2012 compared to a $49 million decrease in advances to Sempra Energy in 2011; offset by
 
§  
a $44 million decrease in capital expenditures.
 
 
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES AND INVESTMENTS
 
The table below shows our expenditures for property, plant and equipment, and for investments. We provide capital expenditure information by segment in Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES AND INVESTMENTS/ACQUISITIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Property, plant and equipment
 
Investments and acquisition of businesses
2013 
$ 
 2,572 
 
$ 
 22 
2012 
 
 2,956 
 
 
 445 
2011 
 
 2,844 
 
 
 941 
2010 
 
 2,062 
 
 
 611 
2009 
 
 1,912 
 
 
 939 
 
Capital Expenditures
 
California Utilities
 
The California Utilities’ capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment were
 

(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
SDG&E
$ 
 978 
$ 
 1,237 
$ 
 1,831 
SoCalGas
 
 762 
 
 639 
 
 683 

Capital expenditures at the California Utilities in 2013 consisted primarily of:
 
SDG&E
 
§  
$458 million of improvements to natural gas and electric distribution systems
 
§  
$439 million of improvements to electric transmission systems
 
§  
$33 million for substation expansions (transmission)
 
§  
$48 million for electric generation plants and equipment
 
SoCalGas
 
§  
$580 million of improvements to distribution and transmission systems and storage facilities, and for pipeline safety
 
§  
$170 million for advanced metering infrastructure
 
§  
$10 million for other natural gas projects
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
Sempra South American Utilities had capital expenditures at its utilities of $200 million in 2013, $183 million in 2012 and $110 million in 2011, related to distribution infrastructure and generation projects, including a hydroelectric power plant in Peru.
 
Sempra Mexico
 
Total capital expenditures in 2013 were $371 million, primarily for the development of natural gas pipeline projects. Total capital expenditures were $45 million in 2012 and $16 million in 2011.
 
Sempra Renewables
 
In 2013, capital expenditures include $46 million for construction of the Mesquite Solar 1 facility, $9 million for construction of the Copper Mountain Solar 2 facility, $93 million for construction of the Copper Mountain Solar 3 facility and $26 million for construction of the Broken Bow 2 Wind project. In 2012, capital expenditures include $399 million for the construction of the Mesquite Solar 1 facility and $315 million for the construction of the Copper Mountain Solar 2 facility. In 2011, capital expenditures include $181 million for the construction of the Mesquite Solar 1 facility.
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
In 2013, Sempra Natural Gas had capital expenditures for the development of approximately 13 Bcf of additional capacity at Bay Gas and Mississippi Hub. In 2012, Sempra Natural Gas increased its operational working natural gas storage capacity by approximately 7 Bcf at Mississippi Hub and had capital expenditures related to the development of approximately 13 Bcf of additional capacity at Bay Gas and Mississippi Hub. In 2011, Sempra Natural Gas had capital expenditures for the development of approximately 20 Bcf of additional capacity at Bay Gas and Mississippi Hub. Related amounts included in total capital expenditures were $29 million in 2013, $61 million in 2012 and $122 million in 2011.
 
In 2013 and 2012, Sempra Natural Gas had $36 million and $48 million, respectively, of capital expenditures and development costs related to the Cameron LNG terminal and liquefaction project.
 
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated Investments and Acquisitions
 
In 2013, investments consisted primarily of:
 
§  
$11 million for the acquisition of the rights to develop the Broken Bow 2 Wind project
 
In 2012, investments consisted primarily of:
 
§  
$291 million for the investment in Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
§  
$62 million for the investment in Auwahi Wind Farm
 
§  
the purchase of $53 million in industrial development bonds
 
In 2011, investments and acquisitions consisted primarily of:
 
§  
$611 million in cash used to fund Sempra South American Utilities’ purchase of South American entities
 
§  
$146 million for the initial investment in Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
§  
$88 million for the initial investment in Mehoopany Wind Farm
 
§  
the purchase of $84 million in industrial development bonds
 
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated Distributions From Other Investments
 
Sempra Energy’s Distributions From Other Investments are primarily the return of investment from equity method and other investments at Sempra South American Utilities, Sempra Renewables and Sempra Natural Gas as follows:
 

(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Renewables
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auwahi Wind Farm
$ 
 19 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
 
Cedar Creek 2 Wind Farm
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
Copper Mountain Solar 2
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
 ― 
 
 148 
 
 ― 
 
Fowler Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
Mehoopany Wind Farm
 
 13 
 
 17 
 
 ― 
 
Mesquite Solar 1
 
 28 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rockies Express
 
 31 
 
 37 
 
 57 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Parent and other
 
4 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
Total 
$ 
 102 
$ 
 207 
$ 
 64 
 
The 2012 distributions from Flat Ridge 2 and Mehoopany Wind Farm were made by the joint ventures upon entering into loans to finance the projects. Distributions of earnings from these investments are included in cash flows from operations.
 
 
Purchase and Sale of Bonds Issued by Unconsolidated Affiliate
 
In November 2009, Sempra Energy, at Parent and Other, purchased $50 million of 2.75-percent bonds issued by Chilquinta Energía S.A., a then unconsolidated affiliate, that are adjusted for Chilean inflation. In October 2012, these bonds were sold for $59 million.
 
 
FUTURE CONSTRUCTION EXPENDITURES AND INVESTMENTS
 
The amounts and timing of capital expenditures are generally subject to approvals by the CPUC, the FERC and other regulatory bodies. However, in 2014, we expect to make capital expenditures and investments of approximately $3.2 billion. These expenditures include
 
§  
$2.2 billion at the California Utilities for capital projects and plant improvements ($1.1 billion at SDG&E and $1.1 billion at SoCalGas)
 
§  
$1 billion at our other subsidiaries for capital projects in Mexico and South America, and development of natural gas and renewable generation projects
 
In 2014, the California Utilities expect their capital expenditures and investments to include
 
§  
$620 million for improvements to SDG&E’s natural gas and electric distribution systems
 
§  
$320 million for improvements to SDG&E’s electric transmission systems
 
§  
$100 million at SDG&E for substation expansions (transmission)
 
§  
$20 million for SDG&E’s electric generation plants and equipment
 
§  
$880 million for improvements to SoCalGas’ distribution and transmission systems and storage, and for pipeline safety
 
§  
$190 million for SoCalGas’ advanced metering infrastructure
 
§  
$30 million for SoCalGas’ other natural gas projects
 
The California Utilities expect to finance these expenditures and investments with cash flows from operations and debt issuances.
 
Over the next five years, 2014 through 2018, and subject to a number of factors including those described below which could cause these estimates to vary substantially, the California Utilities expect to make capital expenditures and investments of:
 
§  
$5.5 billion at SDG&E
 
§  
$6.2 billion at SoCalGas
 
In 2014, the expected capital expenditures and investments of approximately $1 billion (excluding amounts expended by joint ventures and net of anticipated project financing and joint venture structures as noted below) at our other subsidiaries include
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
§  
approximately $150 million to $200 million for capital projects in South America (approximately $100 million to $150 million in Peru and approximately $50 million in Chile)
 
 
Sempra Mexico
 
§  
approximately $300 million to $350 million for capital projects in Mexico, including approximately $300 million for the development of the Sonora Pipeline project developed solely by Sempra Mexico
 
§  
approximately $450 million of expenditures for pipeline projects within our joint venture with PEMEX. We expect expenditures for projects done within the joint venture to be funded by the joint venture’s cash flows from operations and project financing without additional contributions from its partners
 
§  
approximately $180 million of expenditures for a renewable wind project to be primarily funded by project financing
 
 
Sempra Renewables
 
§  
approximately $300 million for development of renewable projects, including approximately $100 million for investment in Copper Mountain Solar 3, a 250-MW solar project located near Boulder City, Nevada, and approximately $80 million for investment in the 75-MW Broken Bow 2 Wind project in Custer County, Nebraska. These amounts are net of anticipated project financing and joint venture structures.
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
§  
approximately $200 million for development of natural gas transportation and storage projects
 
Over the next five years, 2014 through 2018, and subject to the factors described below which could cause these estimates to vary substantially, Sempra Energy expects to make aggregate capital expenditures at its other subsidiaries of approximately $3.1 billion.
 
Capital expenditure amounts include capitalized interest. At the California Utilities, the amounts also include the portion of AFUDC related to debt, but exclude the portion of AFUDC related to equity. At Sempra Mexico, the amounts also exclude AFUDC related to equity. We provide further details about AFUDC in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Periodically, we review our construction, investment and financing programs and revise them in response to changes in regulation, economic conditions, competition, customer growth, inflation, customer rates, the cost and availability of capital, and environmental requirements. We discuss these considerations in more detail in Notes 13, 14 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and in “Factors Influencing Future Performance” below.
 
Our level of capital expenditures and investments in the next few years may vary substantially and will depend on the cost and availability of financing, regulatory approvals, changes in U.S. federal tax law and business opportunities providing desirable rates of return. We intend to finance our capital expenditures in a manner that will maintain our investment-grade credit ratings and capital structure.
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
(Dollars in millions)
 
2013 
2013 Change
2012 
2012 Change
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 338 
$ 
 (1,017)
 
 
$ 
 1,355 
$ 
 821 
 
 
$ 
 534 
SDG&E
 
 194 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 192 
 
 (592)
 
 
 
 784 
SoCalGas
 
 (9)
 
 147 
 
 
 
 (156)
 
 145 
 
 
 
 (301)
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Cash provided by financing activities in 2013 decreased due to:
 
§  
$1 billion lower issuances of debt, including a decrease in issuances of long-term debt of $631 million ($1,636 million in 2013 compared to $2,267 million in 2012) and a decrease in issuances of commercial paper and other short-term debt with maturities greater than 90 days of $385 million ($445 million in 2013 compared to $830 million in 2012);
 
§  
$661 million higher payments on long-term debt ($984 million in 2013 compared to $323 million in 2012), excluding amounts related to commercial paper with maturities greater than 90 days;
 
§  
$83 million redemption of SDG&E’s outstanding preferred stock (including call premium and accrued dividends); and
 
§  
$56 million increase in common dividends paid primarily due to an increase in the dividend rate;  offset by
 
§  
$574 million net proceeds received from the sale of noncontrolling interests at Sempra Mexico; and
 
§  
$256 million increase in short-term debt in 2013 compared to $47 million decrease in 2012.
 
Cash provided by financing activities in 2012 increased due to:
 
§  
$999 million higher issuances of debt, primarily long-term debt of $693 million (issuances of $2,267 million in 2012 compared to $1,574 million in 2011) and commercial paper with maturities greater than 90 days of $309 million (issuances of $824 million in 2012 compared to $515 million in 2011);
 
§  
$47 million decrease in short-term debt in 2012 compared to a $498 million decrease in 2011;
 
§  
$80 million for the redemption of subsidiary preferred stock in 2011; and
 
§  
$43 million related to Sempra South American Utilities’ September 2011 tender offer discussed in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements; offset by
 
§  
$628 million higher payments of commercial paper with maturities greater than 90 days, offset by $31 million lower payments on long-term debt; and
 
§  
$110 million increase in common dividends paid.
 
 
SDG&E
 
Cash provided by financing activities at SDG&E increased in 2013 primarily due to:
 
§  
$201 million higher issuances of long-term debt;
 
§  
$59 million increase in short-term debt in 2013; and
 
§  
$14 million reduction in capital distributions made by Otay Mesa VIE ($26 million in 2013 compared to $40 million in 2012); offset by
 
§  
$83 million redemption of outstanding preferred stock (including call premium and accrued dividends); and
 
§  
$189 million higher payments on long-term debt.
 

Cash provided by financing activities in 2012 decreased primarily due to:
 
§  
$349 million lower issuances of long-term debt;
 
§  
a $200 million capital contribution from Sempra Energy in 2011; and
 
§  
$40 million of capital distributions made by Otay Mesa VIE in 2012.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
Cash used by financing activities at SoCalGas in 2013 decreased primarily due to:
 
§  
$250 million repayment of long-term debt in 2012;
 
§  
$200 million reduction in common dividends paid ($50 million in 2013 compared to $250 million in 2012); and
 
§  
$42 million increase in short-term debt in 2013; offset by
 
§  
$348 million issuance of long-term debt in 2012.
 
Cash used by financing activities at SoCalGas in 2012 decreased primarily due to:
 
§  
$348 million issuance of long-term debt in 2012; offset by
 
§  
$200 million increase in common dividends paid.
 
 
LONG-TERM DEBT
 
Long-term debt balances (including the current portion of long-term debt) at December 31 were
 

(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 12,400 
$ 
 12,346 
$ 
 10,414 
SDG&E
 
 4,554 
 
 4,308 
 
 4,077 
SoCalGas
 
 1,411 
 
 1,413 
 
 1,321 

At December 31, 2013, the following information applies to long-term debt, excluding commercial paper classified as long-term:
 

 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas 
Weighted average life to maturity, in years
 12.4 
 
 17.0 
 
 17.6 
 
Weighted average interest rate
 4.71 
% 
 4.72 
% 
 5.02 
% 


 
Issuances of Long-Term Debt
 
Major public issuances of long-term debt over the last three years include the following:
 

(Dollars in millions)
 
Amount
 
Rate
 
Maturing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra Energy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes, November 2013
$
 500 
 
4.05 
%
2023 
 
Notes, September 2012
 
 500 
 
 2.875 
 
2022 
 
Notes, March 2012
 
 600 
 
 2.30 
 
2017 
 
Variable rate notes (1.01% at December 31, 2013),
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    March 2011
 
 300 
 
 1.01 
 
2014 
 
Notes, March 2011
 
 500 
 
 2.00 
 
2014 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra Mexico
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes, February 2013
 
 100 
 
2.66 
 
2018 
 
Notes, February 2013
 
 298 
 
4.12 
 
2023 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First mortgage bonds, September 2013
 
 450 
 
 3.60 
 
2023 
 
First mortgage bonds, March 2012
 
 250 
 
 4.30 
 
2042 
 
First mortgage bonds, November 2011
 
 250 
 
 3.95 
 
2041 
 
First mortgage bonds, August 2011
 
 350 
 
 3.00 
 
2021 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First mortgage bonds, September 2012
 
 350 
 
 3.750 
 
2042 
 
 

Sempra Energy used the proceeds from its issuances of long-term debt primarily for general corporate purposes and to repay commercial paper. We discuss issuances of long-term debt further in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
The California Utilities used the proceeds from their issuances of long-term debt:
 
§  
for general working capital purposes;
 
§  
to support their electric (at SDG&E) and natural gas (SDG&E and SoCalGas) procurement programs;
 
§  
to redeem all outstanding shares of SDG&E’s preferred stock;
 
§  
to repay commercial paper at SDG&E; and
 
§  
to replenish amounts expended and fund future expenditures for the expansion and improvement of their utility plants.
 
 
Payments on Long-Term Debt
 
Payments on long-term debt in 2013 included
 
§  
$400 million of Sempra Energy’s 6-percent notes due in 2013
 
§  
$250 million of Sempra Energy’s 8.9-percent notes due in 2013, including $200 million at variable rates after fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps
 
§  
$60 million of SDG&E’s 5.85-percent Pollution Control Revenue Bonds (PCRB) due in 2021
 
§  
$115 million of SDG&E’s 5.9-percent PCRBs due in 2014
 
§  
$14 million of SDG&E’s 6.8-percent PCRBs due in 2015
 
§  
$86 million of 2.75-percent Series A Chilean public bonds maturing in 2014
 
Payments on long-term debt in 2012 included $250 million of SoCalGas 4.8-percent first mortgage bonds at maturity in October 2012.
 
Payments on long-term debt in 2011 included
 
§  
$100 million of SoCalGas 4.375-percent first mortgage bonds at maturity in January 2011
 
§  
$150 million of SoCalGas variable rate first mortgage bonds at maturity in January 2011
 
In Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we provide information about our lines of credit and additional information about debt activity.
 
 
CAPITAL STOCK TRANSACTIONS
 
 
Sempra Energy
 
Cash provided by employee stock option exercises and newly issued shares for our dividend reinvestment and 401(k) saving plans was
 
§  
$62 million in 2013
 
§  
$78 million in 2012
 
§  
$28 million in 2011
 
In 2013, SDG&E redeemed all of its outstanding preferred stock for $83 million (including call premium and accrued dividends). We discuss the redemption in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
DIVIDENDS
 
 
Sempra Energy
 
Sempra Energy paid cash dividends on common stock of:
 
§  
$606 million in 2013
 
§  
$550 million in 2012
 
§  
$440 million in 2011
 
The increase in 2013 was due to an increase in the per-share quarterly dividends from $0.60 in 2012 to $0.63 in 2013. The increase in 2012 was due to an increase in the per-share quarterly dividend from $0.48 in 2011 to $0.60 in 2012.
 
On December 17, 2013, Sempra Energy declared a quarterly dividend of $0.63 per share of common stock that was paid on January 15, 2014. We provide additional information about Sempra Energy dividends above in “Capital Resources and Liquidity – Overview – Sempra Energy Consolidated.”
 
SDG&E did not pay any common dividends to Sempra Energy in 2013, 2012 or 2011 to preserve cash to fund its capital expenditures program, which included the Sunrise Powerlink.
 
SoCalGas paid dividends to Pacific Enterprises (PE) and PE paid corresponding dividends to Sempra Energy of:
 
§  
$50 million in 2013
 
§  
$250 million in 2012
 
§  
$50 million in 2011
 
PE, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sempra Energy, owns all of SoCalGas’ outstanding common stock. Accordingly, dividends paid by SoCalGas to PE and dividends paid by PE to Sempra Energy are both eliminated in Sempra Energy’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
The board of directors for each of Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas has the discretion to determine the payment and amount of future dividends by each such entity. The CPUC’s regulation of SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ capital structures limits the amounts that are available for loans and dividends to Sempra Energy. At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy could have received combined loans and dividends of approximately $1.0 billion from SoCalGas and approximately $425 million from SDG&E.
 
We provide additional information about restricted net assets in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and about the CPUC’s regulation of the California Utilities’ capital structures in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
CAPITALIZATION
 

TOTAL CAPITALIZATION AND DEBT-TO-CAPITALIZATION RATIOS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 2013 
 
 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated(1) 
 
SDG&E(1) 
 
SoCalGas 
 
Total capitalization
$
 24,795 
 
$
 9,332 
 
$
 4,002 
 
Debt-to-capitalization ratio
 
 52 
% 
 
 49 
% 
 
 36 
% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012 
 
 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated(1) 
 
SDG&E(1) 
 
SoCalGas 
 
Total capitalization
$
 23,654 
 
$
 8,685 
 
$
 3,648 
 
Debt-to-capitalization ratio
 
 55 
% 
 
 50 
% 
 
 39 
% 
(1)
Includes noncontrolling interest and debt of Otay Mesa Energy Center LLC for Sempra Energy Consolidated and SDG&E with no significant impact.

 
Significant changes during 2013 that affected capitalization include the following:
 
§  
Sempra Energy Consolidated: comprehensive income exceeding dividends and increase in noncontrolling interests from the IEnova stock offerings, partially offset by redemption of subsidiary preferred stock
 
§  
SDG&E: comprehensive income, partially offset by a net increase in long-term debt and preferred stock redemption
 
§  
SoCalGas: comprehensive income exceeding dividends
 
We provide additional information about these significant changes in Notes 1, 5 and 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
COMMITMENTS
 
The following tables summarize principal contractual commitments, primarily long-term, at December 31, 2013 for Sempra Energy Consolidated, SDG&E and SoCalGas. We provide additional information about commitments above and in Notes 5, 7 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 


PRINCIPAL CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS OF SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
2014 
2015 and 2016
2017 and 2018
Thereafter
Total
Long-term debt(1)
$ 
 1,140 
$ 
 1,158 
$ 
 1,745 
$ 
 7,964 
$ 
 12,007 
Interest on long-term debt(2)
 
 543 
 
 1,030 
 
 890 
 
 4,972 
 
 7,435 
Operating leases
 
 85 
 
 154 
 
 143 
 
 576 
 
 958 
Capital leases
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 160 
 
 181 
Purchased-power contracts
 
 1,328 
 
 2,960 
 
 2,977 
 
 11,826 
 
 19,091 
Natural gas contracts
 
 404 
 
 473 
 
 430 
 
 377 
 
 1,684 
LNG contracts(3)
 
 670 
 
 1,316 
 
 1,336 
 
 8,277 
 
 11,599 
Construction commitments
 
 1,317 
 
 509 
 
 136 
 
 47 
 
 2,009 
Build-to-suit lease
 
 ― 
 
 14 
 
 20 
 
 277 
 
 311 
SONGS decommissioning
 
 49 
 
 117 
 
 135 
 
 455 
 
 756 
Sunrise Powerlink wildfire mitigation fund
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 306 
 
 321 
Other asset retirement obligations
 
 20 
 
 43 
 
 40 
 
 1,293 
 
 1,396 
Pension and other postretirement benefit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    obligations(4)
 
 211 
 
 305 
 
 230 
 
 572 
 
 1,318 
Environmental commitments
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 39 
Other
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 23 
 
 59 
 
 131 
Totals
$ 
 5,816 
$ 
 8,133 
$ 
 8,121 
$ 
 37,166 
$ 
 59,236 
(1)
Excludes $200 million commercial paper classified as long-term, as we discuss in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
(2)
We calculate expected interest payments using the stated interest rate for fixed-rate obligations, including floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps. We calculate expected interest payments for variable-rate obligations, including fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps, based on forward rates in effect at December 31, 2013.
(3)
Our LNG facilities have various LNG purchase agreements with major international companies for the supply of LNG to our Energía Costa Azul and Cameron terminals. The agreements range from short-term to multi-year periods and are priced using a predetermined formula based on U.S. market indices. The expected payments under the contracts are based on forward prices of the applicable market index from 2014 to 2023 and an estimated one percent escalation per year after 2023. We provide more information about these contracts in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
(4)
Amounts represent expected company contributions to the plans for the next 10 years.
 

 
PRINCIPAL CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS OF SDG&E
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
2014 
2015 and 2016
2017 and 2018
Thereafter
Total
Long-term debt
$ 
 24 
$ 
 270 
$ 
 181 
$ 
 3,910 
$ 
 4,385 
Interest on long-term debt(1)
 
 206 
 
 397 
 
 384 
 
 2,645 
 
 3,632 
Operating leases
 
 23 
 
 44 
 
 37 
 
 91 
 
 195 
Capital leases
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 160 
 
 179 
Purchased-power contracts
 
 471 
 
 1,067 
 
 1,005 
 
 6,349 
 
 8,892 
Construction commitments
 
 177 
 
 60 
 
 50 
 
 45 
 
 332 
SONGS decommissioning
 
 49 
 
 117 
 
 135 
 
 455 
 
 756 
Sunrise Powerlink wildfire mitigation fund
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 306 
 
 321 
Other asset retirement obligations
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 143 
 
 156 
Pension and other postretirement benefit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    obligations(2)
 
 81 
 
 73 
 
 62 
 
 174 
 
 390 
Environmental commitments
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 20 
Totals
$ 
 1,048 
$ 
 2,054 
$ 
 1,874 
$ 
 14,282 
$ 
 19,258 
(1)
SDG&E calculates expected interest payments using the stated interest rate for fixed-rate obligations, including floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps.
(2)
Amounts represent expected company contributions to the plans for the next 10 years.
 

 

PRINCIPAL CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS OF SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
2014 
2015 and 2016
2017 and 2018
Thereafter
Total
Long-term debt
$ 
 250 
$ 
 8 
$ 
 250 
$ 
 905 
$ 
 1,413 
Interest on long-term debt(1)
 
 60 
 
 114 
 
 104 
 
 893 
 
 1,171 
Natural gas contracts
 
 183 
 
 233 
 
 198 
 
 157 
 
 771 
Operating leases
 
 32 
 
 57 
 
 58 
 
 174 
 
 321 
Capital leases
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
Construction commitments
 
 190 
 
 168 
 
 84 
 
 ― 
 
 442 
Environmental commitments
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 15 
Pension and other postretirement benefit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    obligations(2)
 
 85 
 
 163 
 
 115 
 
 290 
 
 653 
Asset retirement obligations
 
 17 
 
 37 
 
 35 
 
 1,110 
 
 1,199 
Totals
$ 
 824 
$ 
 788 
$ 
 845 
$ 
 3,530 
$ 
 5,987 
(1)
SoCalGas calculates interest payments using the stated interest rate for fixed-rate obligations.
(2)
Amounts represent expected company contributions to the plans for the next 10 years.
 

 
The tables exclude
 
§  
contracts between consolidated affiliates
 
§  
intercompany debt
 
§  
individual contracts that have annual cash requirements less than $1 million
 
§  
employment contracts
 
The tables also exclude income tax liabilities of
 
§  
$53 million for Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
§  
$17 million for SDG&E
 
§  
$13 million for SoCalGas
 
These liabilities relate to uncertain tax positions and were excluded from the tables because we are unable to reasonably estimate the timing of future payments due to uncertainties in the timing of the effective settlement of tax positions. We provide additional information about unrecognized tax benefits in Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
OFF BALANCE-SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
 
Sempra Energy has provided maximum guarantees aggregating $502 million at December 31, 2013 to related parties. We discuss these guarantees in Notes 5 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
SDG&E has entered into power purchase arrangements which are variable interests. We discuss variable interests in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 


 
CREDIT RATINGS
 

The credit ratings of Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas remained at investment grade levels in 2013. At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy’s unsecured debt rating remained at BBB+ with a stable outlook. In January 2014, Moody’s increased SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ unsecured debt rating to A1 with a stable outlook.
 
Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas have committed lines of credit to provide liquidity and to support commercial paper and variable-rate demand notes. Borrowings under these facilities bear interest at benchmark rates plus a margin that varies with market index rates and each borrower’s credit rating. Each facility also requires a commitment fee on available unused credit.
 
Under these committed lines, if Sempra Energy were to experience a ratings downgrade from its current level, the rate at which borrowings bear interest would increase by 25 to 50 basis points, depending on the severity of the downgrade. The commitment fee on available unused credit would also increase 5 to 10 basis points, depending on the severity of the downgrade.
 
Under these committed lines, if SDG&E or SoCalGas were to experience a ratings downgrade from its current level, the rate at which borrowings bear interest would increase by 12.5 to 87.5 basis points, depending on the severity of the downgrade. The commitment fee on available unused credit would also increase 2.5 to 20 basis points, depending on the severity of the downgrade. The January 2014 upgrade of SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ credit ratings reduced the interest rate and commitment fee rate on committed lines of credit by 12.5 basis points and 2.5 basis points, respectively.
 
For Sempra Energy and SDG&E, their credit ratings may affect credit limits related to derivative instruments, as we discuss in Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
FACTORS INFLUENCING FUTURE PERFORMANCE
 

 
CALIFORNIA UTILITIES
 
 
Overview
 
The California Utilities’ operations have historically provided relatively stable earnings and liquidity. However, for the next few years, SoCalGas intends to limit its common stock dividends to reinvest its earnings in significant capital projects.
 
The California Utilities’ performance will depend primarily on the ratemaking and regulatory process, environmental regulations, economic conditions, actions by the California legislature and the changing energy marketplace. Their performance will also depend on the successful completion of capital projects that we discuss in various sections of this report and below. We discuss certain regulatory matters below and in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
SDG&E may also continue to be significantly impacted by matters at SONGS. We discuss SONGS below, in Notes 13 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and in “Risk Factors” in our 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
 
Joint Matters
 
CPUC General Rate Case (GRC)
 
In December 2010, the California Utilities filed their 2012 GRC applications to establish their authorized 2012 revenue requirements and the ratemaking mechanisms by which those requirements would change on an annual basis over the subsequent three-year (2013-2015) period. In May 2013, the CPUC approved a final decision (Final GRC Decision) in the California Utilities’ 2012 GRC, effective retroactive to January 1, 2012. The amount of revenue associated with the retroactive period has been approved to be recovered in rates over 28 months for SDG&E and 31 months for SoCalGas, or by the end of 2015, in order to minimize the impact on ratepayers, thus adversely impacting the respective company’s cash flows. We discuss the 2012 GRC and the Final GRC Decision in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Natural Gas Pipeline Operations Safety Assessments
 
Pending the outcome of the various regulatory agency evaluations of natural gas pipeline safety regulations, practices and procedures, Sempra Energy, including the California Utilities, may incur incremental expense and capital investment associated with its natural gas pipeline operations and investments. In August 2011, SoCalGas, SDG&E, Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E) and Southwest Gas filed implementation plans with the CPUC to test or replace natural gas transmission pipelines located in populated areas that have not been pressure tested, as we discuss in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In their 2011 filing with the CPUC, the California Utilities estimated the total cost for Phase 1 of the two-phase plan to be $3.1 billion ($2.5 billion for SoCalGas and $600 million for SDG&E) over the 10-year period of 2012 to 2022. The California Utilities requested that the incremental capital investment required as a result of any approved plan be included in rate base and that cost recovery be allowed for any other incremental cost not eligible for rate-base recovery. The costs that are the subject of these plans are outside the scope of the 2012 GRC proceedings discussed above. If the CPUC were to decide that the incremental capital investment not be considered as incremental rate base outside the GRC process, that this incremental capital investment earn a return on rate base lower than what is otherwise authorized, or that cost recovery not be allowed for other incremental costs not eligible for rate base recovery, it could materially adversely affect the respective company’s cash flows, financial condition, results of operations and prospects upon commencement of this program. We provide additional information in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Safety Enforcement
 
California Senate Bill (SB) 291, enacted in October 2013, requires the CPUC to develop and implement a safety enforcement program that includes procedures for monitoring, data tracking and analysis, and investigations, as well as delegating citation authority to CPUC staff personnel under the direction of the CPUC Executive Director. SB 291 requires the CPUC to implement the enforcement program for gas safety by July 1, 2014 and for electric safety by January 1, 2015. In exercising the citation authority, the CPUC staff will take into account voluntary reporting of potential violations, voluntary resolution efforts undertaken, prior history of violations, the gravity of the violation, and the degree of culpability. The CPUC is planning to adopt an administrative limit on the maximum monetary penalty that may be set by the CPUC staff.
 
In December 2011, the CPUC adopted a gas safety citation program whereby natural gas distribution companies can be fined by CPUC staff for violations of the CPUC’s safety standards or federal standards. Each day of an ongoing violation may be counted as an additional offense. The maximum penalty is $50,000 per offense. In September 2013, the CPUC issued its Standard Operating Procedures setting forth its principles and management process for the gas safety citation program.
 
 
SDG&E Matters
 
2007 Wildfire Litigation
 
In regard to the 2007 wildfire litigation, SDG&E’s payments for claims settlements plus funds estimated to be required for settlement of outstanding claims and legal fees total approximately $2.4 billion, which is in excess of the $1.1 billion of liability insurance coverage and the approximately $824 million recovered from third parties. However, SDG&E has concluded that it is probable that it will be permitted to recover in rates a substantial portion of the reasonably incurred costs of resolving wildfire claims in excess of its liability insurance coverage and amounts recovered from third parties. Consequently, Sempra Energy and SDG&E expect no significant earnings impact from the resolution of the remaining wildfire claims. At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s Consolidated Balance Sheets include assets of $330 million in Other Regulatory Assets, including $315 million related to CPUC-regulated operations and $15 million related to FERC-regulated operations, for costs incurred and the estimated settlement of pending claims. However, SDG&E’s cash flow may be materially adversely affected by timing differences between the resolution of claims and recoveries in rates, which may extend over a number of years. In addition, recovery in rates will require future regulatory approval, and a failure to obtain substantial or full recovery, or any negative assessment of the likelihood of recovery, would likely have a material adverse effect on Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.
 
SDG&E will continue to gather information to evaluate and assess the remaining wildfire claims and the likelihood, amount and timing of recoveries in rates and will make appropriate adjustments to wildfire reserves and the related regulatory assets as additional information becomes available.
 
Should SDG&E conclude that recovery of excess wildfire costs in rates is no longer probable, at that time SDG&E will record a charge against earnings. If SDG&E had concluded that the recovery of regulatory assets related to CPUC-regulated operations was no longer probable or was less than currently estimated, at December 31, 2013, the resulting after-tax charge against earnings would have been up to $186 million. In addition, in periods following any such conclusion by SDG&E that recovery is no longer probable, Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s earnings will be adversely impacted by increases in the estimated costs to litigate or settle pending wildfire claims. We discuss how we assess the probability of recovery of our regulatory assets in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
We provide additional information concerning these matters in Notes 14 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
SONGS
 
SONGS Outage and Retirement
 
SDG&E has a 20-percent ownership interest in SONGS, a 2,150-MW nuclear generating facility near San Clemente, California. SONGS is operated by Southern California Edison Company (Edison), the majority owner, and is subject to the jurisdiction of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the CPUC.
 
We provide additional background information on SONGS in Notes 13 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
On June 6, 2013, Edison notified SDG&E that it had reached a decision to permanently retire SONGS Units 2 and 3 and seek approval from the NRC to start the decommissioning activities for the entire facility. Edison advised SDG&E that its management had made the unilateral decision to retire the Units once Edison concluded that the considerable uncertainty about when, or if, the NRC would allow a restart of Unit 2 could not be resolved. Given this uncertainty, Edison decided to retire both Units and seek the authority from the NRC to commence the decommissioning of SONGS.
 
Background
 
The steam generators were replaced in Units 2 and 3, and the Units returned to service in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Both Units have been shut down since early 2012 after a water leak occurred in the Unit 3 steam generator. Edison concluded that the leak was due to unexpected wear from tube-to-tube contact. At the time the leak was identified, Edison also inspected and tested Unit 2 and subsequently found unexpected tube wear in Unit 2’s steam generators, as well. In March 2012, in response to the shutdown of SONGS, the NRC issued a Confirmatory Action Letter (CAL) which, among other things, outlined the requirements Edison would be required to meet before the NRC would approve a restart of either of the Units.
 
In October 2012, Edison submitted a restart plan to the NRC proposing to operate Unit 2 at a reduced power level for a period of five months, at which time the Unit would be brought down for further inspection. Edison did not file a restart plan for Unit 3, pending further inspection and analysis of what the required repairs or modifications would need to be to return the Unit back to service in a safe manner. The NRC had been reviewing the restart plan for Unit 2 proposed by Edison since that time, and in May 2013, the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board (ASLB), an adjudicatory arm of the NRC, concluded that the CAL process constituted a de facto license amendment proceeding that was subject to a public hearing. This conclusion by the ASLB resulted in further uncertainty regarding when a final decision might be made on restarting Unit 2.
 
The steam generators were designed and provided by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Mitsubishi Nuclear Energy Systems, Inc., and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America, Inc. (collectively MHI). In July 2013, SDG&E filed a lawsuit against MHI seeking to recover damages SDG&E has incurred and will incur related to the design defects in the steam generators. In October 2013, Edison instituted arbitration proceedings against MHI seeking damages as well. We discuss these proceedings in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
CPUC SONGS Order Instituting Investigation (OII)
 
In response to the prolonged outage, the CPUC issued an OII, pursuant to California Public Utilities’ Code Section 455.5, which applies to cost recovery issues resulting from long-term outages of operating assets. The OII consolidated most SONGS issues in various related proceedings into a single proceeding. The OII, among other things, ruled that all revenues associated with the investment in, and operation of, SONGS since January 1, 2012 are subject to refund to customers, pending the outcome of all phases of the proceeding. The OII proceeding will also determine the ultimate recovery of the investment in SONGS and the costs incurred since the commencement of this outage, including purchased replacement power costs that are typically recovered through the Energy Resource Recovery Account (ERRA) balancing account subject only to a reasonableness review by the CPUC.
 
The first phase of the OII addresses the reasonableness of the costs incurred in 2012. In November 2013, the CPUC issued a Proposed Decision (PD) on the first phase of the OII, which included the following impacts:
 
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The PD identified $182.8 million as SDG&E’s share of the costs incurred by Edison, including overheads and capital, in 2012. Of this amount, the PD deemed $19.3 million to have been unreasonably incurred and recommended that this amount be refunded in rates effective January 1, 2014.
 
§  
In addition, the PD identified $27 million as SDG&E’s share of the $122 million in costs incurred by Edison in 2012 associated with the steam generator inspection and repair, which costs will be reviewed in Phase 3, but not removed from rates yet. These costs are to be separately accounted for and interest accrued at the one-year U.S. Treasury rate should the CPUC decide in Phase 3 that they should also be refunded.
 
In addition, the PD defines the methodology to calculate replacement power costs, and the SONGS owners must re-calculate their replacement power costs according to the adopted methodology. Those costs are subject to refund (to the extent they are in rates) pending the outcome of Phase 3. The PD is subject to final approval by the CPUC and may be amended or changed.
 
The second phase of the OII addresses the appropriate rate recovery treatment of the investment in SONGS assets. Hearings on this second phase were held in October 2013, and a CPUC decision on this phase of the OII is scheduled for the first half of 2014.
 
The third phase of the OII will address the reasonableness of the steam generator replacement project costs. We expect this phase to begin in the second half of 2014.
 
Since the unscheduled outage started, SDG&E has procured power to meet its customers’ needs to replace the power that would have been supplied to SDG&E from SONGS, had SONGS been in operation. The estimated cost of the purchased replacement power, determined consistent with the methodology used in the CPUC’s OII into the SONGS outage, incurred from January 2012 through June 6, 2013, the date Edison notified SDG&E of the early closure of SONGS, was approximately $165 million. Of this total, $98 million was incurred in 2012 and has been approved for collection in rates pursuant to prior ERRA proceedings. The remaining $67 million, discussed below, represents replacement power costs incurred in 2013 through June 6 that have not yet been approved for recovery in rates. Although $98 million has been authorized for recovery through ERRA, the OII will determine whether any of this amount will be required to be refunded to customers.
 
In addition to the estimated cost of the purchased replacement power mentioned above, SDG&E’s share of SONGS’ operating costs, including depreciation, and the return on its investment in SONGS from January 1, 2012 through June 30, 2013, was approximately $300 million.
 
We provide additional information regarding the OII in Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Accounting for the Early Retirement of SONGS
 
Given the decision by Edison to close SONGS, SDG&E management assessed the appropriate accounting for an early-retired plant. In conducting this assessment, management took into consideration, among other things, the interrelationship of any recovery of SDG&E’s investment in SONGS, the cost of operations, the cost of purchased replacement power and the probability of having to refund to customers a portion or all of the revenue subject to refund. Management’s assessment took into account that the CPUC is considering all of these elements on a combined basis in the OII. After considering the regulatory precedent regarding rate recovery of investments in and costs incurred related to early-retired plants, management considered a number of possible regulatory outcomes from the OII proceeding, none of which management considered certain, and given SDG&E’s non-operator and minority interest position and the regulatory precedent on such matters, management believes that it is probable that SDG&E will recover in rates the amount recorded in the SONGS regulatory asset, as described below. We determined the amount deemed probable of recovery based on our assessment of the likelihood of the potential regulatory outcomes identified, resulting in SDG&E recording a $200 million pretax loss in the second quarter of 2013.
 
As a result of Edison’s decision to permanently retire SONGS Units 2 and 3, and as a result of our assessment described above, SDG&E established a new regulatory asset included in Other Regulatory Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2013, the balance in this new regulatory asset was $303 million and was comprised of the following:
 
§  
the net book value of SDG&E’s investment in SONGS plant and nuclear fuel of $516 million, which prior to the date of the plant retirement, had been reported as Property, Plant and Equipment on the Consolidated Balance Sheet;
 
§  
SDG&E’s SONGS-related materials and supplies of $10 million, which prior to the date of the plant retirement, had been reported as Inventory on the Consolidated Balance Sheet;
 
§  
SDG&E’s 2013 cost of replacement power that is in excess of the amount previously authorized for recovery in ERRA of $67 million which, prior to the date of the plant retirement, would have been reported as Regulatory Balancing Accounts, Net in Current Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet;
 
§  
miscellaneous costs incurred or expected to be incurred by SDG&E associated with the early closure of the plant of $35 million; net of
 
§  
a $200 million reserve for disallowance of rate recovery reported as Loss from Plant Closure on the Consolidated Statement of Operations; and
 
§  
$125 million for amounts billed to customers for operating costs and the recovery of and return on investment in SONGS since the plant closure in early June 2013 that are subject to refund.
 
The amount that SDG&E will eventually recover will require a regulatory decision from the CPUC that could result in recovery of an amount that is materially different than management’s estimate. In addition to recoveries through the regulatory process, SDG&E intends to pursue various avenues for recovery from other potentially responsible parties and insurance carriers. However, these anticipated recoveries, if any, cannot be included in our current estimates. SDG&E will continue to assess the probability of recovery in rates of this new regulatory asset, as well as: 1) the cost of the purchased replacement power of $98 million approved in prior ERRA proceedings for collection in rates, and 2) the operations and maintenance expenses incurred by SDG&E since the start of the forced outages, which amounted to approximately $184 million through December 31, 2013. Should SDG&E conclude that recovery in rates is less than the amount anticipated or no longer probable, SDG&E will record an additional charge against earnings at the time such a conclusion is reached.
 
While SONGS was in service, SDG&E’s investment in recent years has contributed after-tax net earnings of approximately $15 million to $20 million per year, which ceased as of the date that Edison decided to permanently retire the plant.
 
NRC Proceedings
 
In December 2013, Edison received a final NRC Inspection Report that identified a violation for the failure to verify the adequacy of the thermal-hydraulic and flow-induced vibration design of the Unit 3 replacement steam generators. In January 2014, Edison provided a response to the NRC Inspection Report stating that MHI, as contracted by Edison to prepare the SONGS replacement steam generator design, was the party responsible for performing the verification and checking of the design of the steam generators.
 
Simultaneously, the NRC issued an Inspection Report to MHI containing a Notice of Nonconformance for its flawed computer modeling in the design of the replacement steam generators.
 
Because SONGS has ceased operation, NRC inspection oversight of SONGS will now be continued through the NRC’s Decommissioning Power Reactor Inspection Program to verify that decommissioning activities are being conducted safely, that spent fuel is safely stored onsite or transferred to another licensed location, and that the site operations and licensee termination activities conform to applicable regulatory requirements, licensee commitments and management controls.
 
Lawsuit Against Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
 
On July 18, 2013, SDG&E filed a lawsuit in the Superior Court of California in the County of San Diego against MHI.  The lawsuit seeks to recover damages SDG&E has incurred and will incur related to the design defects in the steam generators MHI provided to the SONGS nuclear power plant. The lawsuit asserts a number of causes of action, including fraud, based on the representations MHI made about its qualifications and ability to design generators free from defects of the kind that resulted in the permanent shutdown of the plant and further seeks to set aside the contractual limitation of damages that MHI has asserted. On July 24, 2013, MHI removed the lawsuit to the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, and on August 8, 2013, MHI moved to stay the proceeding pending resolution of the dispute resolution process involving MHI and Edison arising from their contract for the purchase and sale of the steam generators. On October 16, 2013, Edison initiated an arbitration proceeding against MHI seeking damages stemming from the failure of the replacement steam generators. In late December 2013, MHI answered and filed a counter-claim against Edison. 
 
Nuclear Insurance
 
SDG&E and the other owners of SONGS have insurance to cover claims from nuclear liability incidents arising at SONGS. This insurance provides $375 million in coverage limits, the maximum amount available, including coverage for acts of terrorism. In addition, the Price-Anderson Act provides for up to $13.2 billion of secondary financial protection (SFP). If a nuclear liability loss occurring at any U.S. licensed/commercial reactor exceeds the $375 million insurance limit, all nuclear reactor owners could be required to contribute to the SFP. SDG&E’s contribution would be up to $50.93 million. This amount is subject to an annual maximum of $7.6 million, unless a default occurs by any other SONGS owner. If the SFP is insufficient to cover the liability loss, SDG&E could be subject to an additional assessment.
 
The SONGS owners, including SDG&E, also have $2.75 billion of nuclear property, decontamination, and debris removal insurance, subject to a $2.5 million deductible for “each and every loss.” This insurance coverage is provided through Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited (NEIL), a mutual insurance company. The NEIL policies have specific exclusions and limitations that can result in reduced or eliminated coverage. Insured members as a group are subject to retrospective premium assessments to cover losses sustained by NEIL under all issued policies. SDG&E could be assessed up to $9.7 million of retrospective premiums based on overall member claims. Edison, on behalf of itself and the minority owners of SONGS (including SDG&E), has placed NEIL on notice of claims under both the property damage and outage insurance policies as a result of SONGS’ Units 2 and 3 being shut down since early 2012.
 
The nuclear property insurance program includes an industry aggregate loss limit for non-certified acts of terrorism (as defined by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act). The industry aggregate loss limit for property claims arising from non-certified acts of terrorism is $3.24 billion. This is the maximum amount that will be paid to insured members who suffer losses or damages from these non-certified terrorist acts.
 
Nuclear Decommissioning and Funding
 
As a result of Edison’s decision to permanently retire SONGS Units 2 and 3, Edison has begun the decommissioning phase of the plant. The process of decommissioning a nuclear power plant is governed by NRC regulations, as well as regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of the Navy (the land owner), the CPUC and other regulatory bodies. The NRC regulations categorize the decommissioning activities into three phases: initial activities, major decommissioning and storage activities, and license termination. Initial activities include providing notice of permanent cessation of operations (accomplished on June 12, 2013) and notice of permanent removal of fuel from the reactor vessels (provided by Edison to the NRC on June 28 and July 22, 2013 for Units 3 and 2, respectively). Within two years after the cessation of operations, the licensee (Edison) must submit a post-shutdown decommissioning activities report, an irradiated fuel management plan and a site-specific decommissioning cost estimate. Edison currently estimates that it will provide the other initial activity phase plans and cost estimates to the NRC by the end of 2014.
 
In accordance with state and federal requirements and regulations, SDG&E has assets held in trusts, referred to as the Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts (NDT), to fund decommissioning costs for SONGS Units 1, 2 and 3. At December 31, 2013, the fair value of SDG&E’s NDT assets was $1 billion. Except for the use of funds for the planning of decommissioning activities, CPUC approval is required for SDG&E to access the NDT assets to fund SONGS decommissioning costs. In February 2014, SDG&E filed a request with the CPUC for such authorization. Until CPUC approval is received, SDG&E will use working capital to pay for any SONGS decommissioning costs incurred, and such expenditures will be reimbursed from the NDT upon that approval. The timing of SDG&E’s access to the NDT assets may also depend on a finding by the NRC regarding the characterization of the commingled funds. SDG&E expects the NRC to make such a finding in 2014.
 
SDG&E and Edison have a joint application pending with the CPUC requesting continued rate recovery of the estimated cost for decommissioning of SONGS. SDG&E is currently authorized to recover $8 million annually to fund additional investments in the NDT to pay for the cost of decommissioning SONGS. In its pending application with the CPUC, SDG&E is requesting to recover $16 million on an annual basis to fund additional investments in the NDT. We expect a decision on this application in the first half of 2014.
 
We provide additional information regarding the NDT and the SONGS decommissioning in Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Investment in Wind Farm
 
In 2011, the CPUC and FERC approved SDG&E’s estimated $285 million tax equity investment in a wind farm project. SDG&E and the project developer are in dispute regarding whether all conditions precedent in the contribution agreement have been achieved by the developer of the project. As a result, SDG&E has not made the investment and the project developer and SDG&E are in dispute regarding SDG&E’s contractual obligation to invest in the Rim Rock wind farm, as we discuss in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Electric Rate Reform – State of California Assembly Bill 327
 
In October 2013, the Governor of California signed Assembly Bill (AB) 327. This bill became law on January 1, 2014. This new law restores the authority to establish electric residential rates for electric utility companies in California to the CPUC and removes the rate caps established in AB 1X adopted in early 2001 during California’s energy crisis, as well as SB 695 adopted in 2009. Additionally, the bill provides the CPUC the authority to adopt up to a $10.00 monthly fixed charge for all non-CARE residential customers and up to a $5.00 monthly fixed charge for CARE customers, effective January 1, 2015. The CPUC will implement AB 327 through its various regulatory proceedings. Meaningful rate reform is necessary due to, among other issues, the increased power supply from renewable energy sources and the growth in distributed and local power generation. The failure by the CPUC to reform SDG&E’s rate structure in a relevant manner could have a material adverse effect on its business, cash flows, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects. For additional discussion, see “Risk Factors” in the 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
 
Industry Developments and Capital Projects
 
We describe capital projects, electric and natural gas regulation and rates, and other pending proceedings and investigations that affect the California Utilities in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
SEMPRA INTERNATIONAL
 
As we discuss in “Cash Flows From Investing Activities,” our investments will significantly impact our future performance. In addition to the discussion below, we provide information about these investments in “Capital Resources and Liquidity.”
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
Overview
 
In April 2011, Sempra South American Utilities increased its investment in two utilities in South America, Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur. In connection with our increased interests in these utilities, Sempra Energy has $927 million in goodwill on its Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2013. Goodwill is subject to impairment testing, annually and under other potential circumstances, which may cause its fair value to vary if differing estimates and assumptions are used in the valuation techniques applied as indicated by changing market or other conditions.
 
We discuss the acquisition in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Sempra South American Utilities is also expected to provide earnings from construction projects when completed and from other investments, but will require substantial funding for these investments.
 
Sempra South American Utilities has historically provided relatively stable earnings and liquidity, and its performance will depend primarily on the ratemaking and regulatory process, environmental regulations and economic conditions.
 
Revenues at Chilquinta Energía are based on tariffs set by the National Energy Commission (Comisión Nacional de Energía, or CNE) every four years. Rates for four-year periods related to distribution and sub-transmission are reviewed separately on an alternating basis every two years. In late 2011, Chilquinta Energía initiated the process to establish its distribution rates for the period from November 2012 to October 2016. This process was completed in November 2012, with rates published in April 2013, and tariff adjustments going into effect retroactively from November 2012. This resulted in a 3.2 percent decrease in rates.
 
In April 2013, the CNE completed the process to establish sub-transmission rates for the period January 2011 to December 2014, with tariff adjustments going into effect retroactively from January 2011. In 2013, the CNE published the methodology to be used to recalculate the average node prices (price at which distribution companies buy energy from generators) for years 2011, 2012 and 2013 and requested comments. We expect the CNE’s final decision in the first half of 2014.
 
The next reviews are scheduled to be completed, with tariff adjustments also going into effect, in January 2015 for sub-transmission, and again for distribution in November 2016.
 
Luz del Sur serves primarily regulated customers in Peru and revenues are based on rates set by the Energy and Mining Investment Supervisory Body (Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión en Energía y Minería, or OSINERGMIN). The rates are reviewed and adjusted every four years. OSINERGMIN’s final distribution rate setting resolution for the 2013-2017 period was published in October 2013 and went into effect on November 1, 2013. There was no material change in the rates.
 
Santa Teresa
 
Luz del Sur is in the final stages of construction of Santa Teresa, a 100-MW hydroelectric power plant in Peru’s Cusco region. It is scheduled to be completed in 2014.
 
Transmission Projects
 
Chilquinta Energía has entered into two 50-percent owned joint ventures, Eletrans S.A. and Eletrans II S.A., with Sociedad Austral de Electricidad Sociedad Anónima (SAESA) to construct transmission lines in Chile.
 
In May 2012, Eletrans S.A. was awarded two 220-kV transmission lines in Chile. The transmission lines will extend 150 miles, and we estimate the project will cost approximately $150 million and be completed in 2017.
 
In June 2013, Eletrans II S.A. was awarded two 220-kV transmission lines in Chile. The transmission lines will extend approximately 70 miles, and we estimate the project will cost approximately $80 million and be completed in 2018.
 
The projects will be financed by the joint venture partners. Other financing may be pursued upon completion of the projects.
 
 
Sempra Mexico
 
Overview
 
Sempra Mexico is expected to provide earnings from construction projects when completed and from other investments. We expect projects in Mexico to be funded through a combination of available funds, funds internally generated by the Mexico businesses, debt issuances, project financing, partnering in joint ventures, and the proceeds from IEnova’s debt and equity offerings in early 2013. On February 14, 2013, Sempra Mexico’s subsidiary, IEnova, publicly offered and sold in Mexico $408 million U.S. equivalent fixed- and variable-rate notes. The notes and related interest are denominated in Mexican pesos. Sempra Mexico used the proceeds of the notes primarily for the repayment of $357 million of intercompany debt and also for capital projects. Sempra Mexico entered into cross-currency swaps for U.S. dollars at the time of the issuance. We discuss this financing further in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
In March 2013, Sempra Mexico sold common shares of IEnova in a private placement in the U.S. and outside of Mexico and, concurrently, in a registered public offering in Mexico, as we discuss in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The shares sold represent approximately 18.9 percent of the ownership interests in IEnova, which reduce our earnings from Sempra Mexico and have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share. The earnings attributable to IEnova’s noncontrolling interests were $26 million for the year ended December 31, 2013. The approximately $574 million in net proceeds from the offerings will be used primarily for general corporate purposes and for the funding of IEnova’s current investments and ongoing expansion plans.
 
We discuss the impact of Mexican tax reform in “Results of Operations – Changes in Revenues, Costs and Earnings – Income Taxes” above.
 
Pipeline Projects
 
In October 2012, Sempra Mexico was awarded two contracts by the CFE to build and operate an approximately 500-mile pipeline network (Sonora Pipeline) to transport natural gas from the U.S.-Mexico border south of Tucson, Arizona through the Mexican state of Sonora to the northern part of the Mexican state of Sinaloa along the Gulf of California. The network will be comprised of two segments that will interconnect to the U.S. interstate pipeline system. We estimate it will cost approximately $1 billion. The first segment of the project, approximately 300 miles, began construction in September 2013 and is expected to be completed in the second half of 2014, and the remaining segment is expected to be completed in the second half of 2016. The capacity is fully contracted by CFE under two 25-year contracts denominated in U.S. dollars. Our ability to secure rights of way and construct the lines within budgeted amounts will impact future performance.
 
In December 2012, through its joint venture with PEMEX, Sempra Mexico executed an ethane transportation services agreement with PEMEX to construct and operate an approximately 140-mile pipeline (Ethane Pipeline) to transport ethane from Tabasco, Mexico to Veracruz, Mexico. We estimate it will cost approximately $330 million and be funded by the joint venture without additional capital contributions from the partners. It is expected to be completed in the first half of 2015. The capacity is fully contracted by PEMEX under a 21-year contract denominated in U.S. dollars.
 
In January 2013, PEMEX announced that the first phase of the Los Ramones project was assigned to and will be developed by our joint venture with PEMEX. The project will consist of a 70-mile natural gas pipeline (Los Ramones I) from the northern portion of the state of Tamaulipas bordering the United States to Los Ramones in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. The capacity is fully contracted under a 25-year transportation services agreement with PEMEX denominated in Mexican pesos, with a contract rate based on the U.S. dollar investment, adjusted annually for inflation and fluctuation of the exchange rate.
 
Energía Sierra Juárez
 
In April 2011, SDG&E entered into a 20-year contract for up to 156 MW of renewable power supplied from the first phase of Sempra Mexico’s Energía Sierra Juárez wind project in Baja California, Mexico. The contract was approved by the CPUC in March 2012 and by the FERC in July 2012. In October 2013, Sempra Mexico issued full notice to proceed to the construction contractor. Sempra Mexico intends to develop and finance the project within the framework of a joint venture.
 
 
SEMPRA U.S. GAS & POWER
 
 
Sempra Renewables
 
Overview
 
Sempra Renewables is developing and investing in renewable energy generation projects that have long-term contracts with utilities. The renewable energy projects have planned in-service dates through 2016. These projects require construction financing which may come from a variety of sources including operating cash flow, project financing, funds from the parent, partnering in joint ventures and, potentially, other forms of equity sales. The varying costs of these alternative financing sources impact the projects’ returns.
 
Sempra Renewables’ future performance and the demand for renewable energy is impacted by various market factors, most notably state mandated requirements to deliver a portion of total energy load from renewable energy sources. The rules governing these requirements are generally known as Renewables Portfolio Standards (RPS). Additionally, the phase out or extension of U.S. federal income tax incentives, primarily investment tax credits and production tax credits, and grant programs could significantly impact future renewable energy resource availability and investment decisions.
 
Copper Mountain Solar
 
Copper Mountain Solar is a photovoltaic generation facility operated and under development by Sempra Renewables in Boulder City, Nevada. When fully developed, the project will be capable of producing up to approximately 450 MW of solar power; it is being developed in multiple phases as power sales become contracted. Copper Mountain Solar is comprised of three separate projects. Copper Mountain Solar 1 (CMS 1) is a 58-MW photovoltaic generation facility currently in operation, which includes the 10-MW facility previously referred to as El Dorado Solar. PG&E has contracted for all of the solar power at CMS 1 for 20 years.
 

Copper Mountain Solar 2 (CMS 2) began construction in December 2011 and will total 150 MW when completed. CMS 2 is divided into two phases, with the first phase of 92 MW placed in service in November 2012 and the remaining 58 MW planned to be placed in service in 2015. PG&E has contracted for all of the solar power at CMS 2 for 25 years. In July 2013, we completed the sale of 50 percent of our equity in CMS 2 to ConEdison Development as we discuss in Notes 3, 4 and 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Copper Mountain Solar 3 (CMS 3) started construction in March 2013 and will total 250 MW when completed. CMS 3 will be placed in service as each of the ten blocks of solar panels is installed and is planned to be entirely in service by late 2015. The cities of Los Angeles and Burbank have contracted for all of the solar power at CMS 3 for 20 years. In addition to solar power, the power sales agreement provides the cities of Los Angeles and Burbank the option to purchase the CMS 3 facility at years 10, 15 and 20 of the contract term, or upon earlier termination of the agreement. Sempra Renewables intends to develop and finance the project within the framework of a joint venture.
 
Mesquite Solar
 
Mesquite Solar is a photovoltaic generation facility under development by Sempra Renewables in Maricopa County, Arizona. If fully developed, the project will be capable of producing up to approximately 700 MW of solar power. Construction on the first phase (Mesquite Solar 1) of 150 MW was completed in December 2012. PG&E has contracted for all of the solar power at Mesquite Solar 1 for 20 years. In September 2013, we completed the sale of 50 percent of our equity in Mesquite Solar 1 to ConEdison Development as we discuss in Notes 3, 4 and 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Broken Bow 2 Wind Project
 
In September 2013, Sempra Renewables acquired the rights to develop the Broken Bow 2 Wind project in Custer County, Nebraska. Sempra Renewables will develop the 75-MW wind farm. We began construction on the project in 2013, and we expect the project to be fully operational in late 2014. Nebraska Public Power District has contracted for all of the wind energy from the project for 25 years. Sempra Renewables intends to develop and finance the project within the framework of a joint venture.
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
Overview
 
In June 2011, Sempra Natural Gas entered into a 25-year power contract with various members of Southwest Public Power Resources Group (SPPR Group), an association of 40 not-for-profit utilities in Arizona and southern Nevada. The contract was expanded to a total of 271 MW in February 2013. Under the terms of the agreement, Sempra Natural Gas will provide 21 participating SPPR Group members with firm, day-ahead dispatchable power from its Mesquite Power plant delivered to the Palo Verde hub beginning in January 2015.
 
In February 2013, Sempra Natural Gas completed the sale of one 625-MW block of its Mesquite Power plant to the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District for $371 million in cash. Sempra Natural Gas retained ownership of the second 625-MW block of the Mesquite Power plant that will support the contract with the participating SPPR Group members.
 
In January 2014, management approved a plan to market and sell the remaining 625-MW block of the plant. We expect to complete the sale in 2014. We discuss the plan to sell the second 625-MW block of Mesquite Power plant in Note 18 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In the event of the sale, the contract with the SPPR Group may be assigned to the buyer.
 
Sempra Natural Gas is currently progressing with plans for the Cameron liquefaction project, a development project to utilize its Cameron LNG terminal for the liquefaction of natural gas and export of LNG, discussed below. The objective is to obtain long-term contracts for liquefaction services that allow us to fully utilize our existing regasification infrastructure while minimizing our future additional capital investment. Although the Cameron terminal is not fully contracted for regasification, given our current progress on the liquefaction project, we do not expect to contract or sell any additional long-term LNG import capacity at the Cameron terminal.
 
Sempra Natural Gas owns a 25-percent interest in Rockies Express, a partnership that operates a natural gas pipeline, the REX, that links the Rocky Mountains region to the upper Midwest and the eastern United States. Sempra Rockies Marketing, a subsidiary of Sempra Natural Gas, has an agreement for capacity on REX through November 2019. The capacity costs are offset by revenues from releases of the capacity to RBS Sempra Commodities prior to 2011, and to J.P. Morgan Ventures starting in 2011, and other third parties. Certain capacity release commitments totaling $22 million concluded during 2013. Accordingly, new contracting activity related to that capacity may not be sufficient to offset all of our capacity payments to Rockies Express. Our carrying value in Rockies Express at December 31, 2013 is $329 million. We recorded noncash, after-tax impairment charges totaling $239 million in 2012 to write down our investment in the partnership. We discuss our investment in Rockies Express and the impairment charges in Notes 4 and 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Our natural gas storage assets include operational and development assets at Bay Gas in Alabama and Mississippi Hub in Mississippi, as well as our development project, LA Storage in Louisiana. These assets could be well positioned to capitalize on new opportunities that emerge associated with the increase in natural gas production and consumption in the U.S. In particular, LA Storage could be especially well positioned to support LNG export from our Cameron liquefaction project. However, changes in the U.S. natural gas market could also lead to diminished natural gas storage values.
 
Historically, the value of natural gas storage services has positively correlated with the difference between the seasonal prices of natural gas, among other factors. In general, over the past several years, seasonal differences in natural gas prices have declined, which have contributed to lower prices for storage services. As our legacy (higher rate) sales contracts mature at Bay Gas and Mississippi Hub, replacement sales contract rates could be lower than has historically been the case. Lower sales revenues may not be offset by cost reductions, which could lead to depressed asset values. These market conditions could result in the need to perform recovery testing of our recorded asset values. In the event such values are not recoverable, we would consider the fair value of these assets relative to their recorded value. To the extent excess book value over fair value is indicated, an impairment charge would be required to be recorded. The book value of our natural gas storage assets as of December 2013 was $1.3 billion.
 
Cameron Liquefaction Project
 
The Cameron liquefaction project will utilize Cameron LNG’s existing facilities, including two marine berths, three LNG storage tanks, and vaporization capability of 1.5 Bcf per day. In January 2012, the DOE approved Cameron LNG’s application for authorization to export LNG to Free Trade Agreement countries.
 
On February 11, 2014, the DOE issued an order (Order) granting Cameron LNG, LLC (Cameron LNG) conditional authorization to export from its Cameron Liquefaction Project up to 620 billion cubic feet per year of domestically produced LNG to countries with which the United States does not have agreements for free trade in natural gas. The conditional authorization granted in the Order is for a term of 20 years commencing on the earlier of the date of first commercial export or seven years from the date of the Order. Under the terms of the Order, Cameron LNG is authorized to export LNG either on its own behalf or as agent for the customers of the Project. The authorization is conditional upon the satisfactory completion of an environmental review of the Project by the FERC. Cameron LNG expects that the DOE will issue a final, non-conditional authorization upon completion of the FERC environmental review process.
 
In 2012, Sempra Natural Gas signed commercial development agreements with Mitsubishi Corporation, Mitsui & Co., Ltd., and a subsidiary of GDF SUEZ S.A. to develop a natural gas liquefaction export facility at the Cameron LNG terminal. The Cameron liquefaction project is expected to be comprised of three liquefaction trains and is being designed to a nameplate capacity of 13.5 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of LNG with an expected export capability of 12 Mtpa of LNG, or approximately 1.7 Bcf per day. We expect to receive all necessary regulatory approvals, sign an engineering, procurement and construction contract, close the project financing, and start construction in 2014. This should allow us to achieve commercial operation of all three trains in 2018, and have the first year of full production in 2019. The anticipated incremental investment in the three-train liquefaction project, subject to final design specifications, is estimated to be approximately $6 billion to $7 billion, excluding capitalized interest and other financing costs, the majority of which will be project-financed and the balance provided by the project partners through the joint-venture agreements we discuss below. The total cost of the facility, including the cost of our original facility plus interest during construction, financing costs and required reserves, is estimated to be approximately $9 billion to $10 billion.
 
It is our expectation that all or substantially all of our equity contribution requirement will be covered by the contribution of our existing assets.  If construction, financing or other capital costs are higher than we currently expect or we are not able to leverage the project at the levels we currently anticipate, we may have to contribute additional cash. In May 2013, we signed a joint venture agreement with affiliates of GDF SUEZ S.A., Mitsubishi Corporation (through a related company jointly established with Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (NYK)), and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. each to acquire 16.6 percent equity in the existing facilities and the liquefaction project. We will have a 50.2-percent interest in the joint venture. The joint venture agreement and the three tolling agreements described below are subject to a final investment decision to proceed by each party, finalization of permit authorizations and securing financing commitments, as well as other customary conditions.
 
If one or more of the parties decides not to move forward with the project, or if we are unable to arrange suitable financing, the project may be substantially delayed, reduced or terminated. If the project is terminated, we may not recover our share of any project development or other related costs expended, and we may be required to write off our share of any such previously capitalized costs. In addition, this project may be delayed, reduced or terminated in the event we are unable to obtain all of the necessary permits, licenses and authorizations in a timely manner.
 

The commercial development agreements executed in 2012 bind the parties to fund certain development costs, including design, permitting and engineering, as well as to negotiate in good faith 20-year tolling agreements, based on agreed-upon key terms outlined in the commercial development agreements. In May 2013, we signed 20-year liquefaction and regasification tolling capacity agreements with GDF SUEZ S.A. and affiliates of Mitsubishi Corporation and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. which subscribe the full nameplate capacity of the facility. Each tolling agreement is for 4.5 Mtpa of capacity to enable 4.0 Mtpa of LNG export.
 
In June and November 2013, Sempra Natural Gas signed agreements totaling 1.45 Bcf per day of firm natural gas transportation service to Cameron LNG on the Cameron Interstate Pipeline (subject to effectiveness of the liquefaction and regasification tolling capacity agreements) with GDF SUEZ S.A. and affiliates of Mitsubishi Corporation and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. The terms of these agreements are concurrent with the liquefaction and regasification tolling capacity agreements.
 
Natural Gas Storage
 
Currently, Sempra Natural Gas has 30 Bcf of operational working natural gas storage capacity (15 Bcf at Bay Gas and 15 Bcf at Mississippi Hub). We are currently developing another 13 Bcf of capacity with planned in-service dates through the first half of 2014 and may, over the long term, develop as much as 76 Bcf of total storage capacity.
 
Sempra Natural Gas’ natural gas storage facilities and projects include
 
§  
Bay Gas, a facility located 40 miles north of Mobile, Alabama, that provides underground storage and delivery of natural gas. Sempra Natural Gas owns 91 percent of the project. It is the easternmost salt dome storage facility on the Gulf Coast, with direct service to the Florida market and markets across the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Northeast regions.
 
§  
Mississippi Hub, located 45 miles southeast of Jackson, Mississippi, an underground salt dome natural gas storage project with access to shale basins of East Texas and Louisiana, traditional gulf supplies and LNG, with multiple interconnections to serve the Southeast and Northeast regions.
 
§  
LA Storage, a salt cavern development project in Cameron Parish, Louisiana. Sempra Natural Gas owns 75 percent of the project and ProLiance Transportation LLC owns the remaining 25 percent. The project’s location provides access to several LNG facilities in the area.
 
 
RBS Sempra Commodities
 
In three separate transactions in 2010 and one in early 2011, we and RBS sold substantially all of the businesses and assets of our commodities-marketing partnership. The investment balance of $73 million at December 31, 2013 reflects remaining distributions expected to be received from the partnership as it is dissolved. The timing and amount of distributions may be impacted by the matters we discuss related to RBS Sempra Commodities in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under “Other Litigation.” In addition, amounts may be retained by the partnership for an extended period of time to help offset unanticipated future general and administrative costs necessary to complete the dissolution of the partnership. We provide additional information in Notes 4, 5 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
OTHER SEMPRA ENERGY MATTERS
 
We discuss the impacts of the 2012 Tax Act and the 2010 Tax Act on our income tax expense, earnings and cash flows in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Changes in Revenues, Costs and Earnings – Income Taxes.”
 
We may be further impacted by depressed and rapidly changing economic conditions. Moreover, the dollar may fluctuate significantly compared to some foreign currencies, especially in Mexico and South America where we have significant operations. We discuss foreign currency rate risk further under “Market Risk – Foreign Currency Rate Risk” below. North American natural gas prices, which affect profitability at Sempra Renewables and Sempra Natural Gas, are currently significantly below Asian and European prices. These factors could, if they remain unchanged, adversely affect profitability. However, management expects that future export capability at Sempra Natural Gas’ Cameron LNG facility would benefit from lower gas prices in North America compared to other regions.
 
In July 2010, federal legislation to reform financial markets was enacted that significantly alters how over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives are regulated, which may impact all of our businesses. The law increased regulatory oversight of OTC energy derivatives, including (1) requiring standardized OTC derivatives to be traded on registered exchanges regulated by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), (2) imposing new and potentially higher capital and margin requirements and (3) authorizing the establishment of overall volume and position limits. The law gives the CFTC authority to exempt end users of energy commodities which could reduce, but not eliminate, the applicability of these measures to us and other end users. These requirements could cause our OTC transactions to be more costly and have a material adverse effect on our liquidity due to additional capital requirements. In addition, as these reforms aim to standardize OTC products, they could limit the effectiveness of our hedging programs, because we would have less ability to tailor OTC derivatives to match the precise risk we are seeking to mitigate.
 
Our future performance depends substantially on the timing and success of our business development efforts and our construction, maintenance and capital projects. We discuss this and additional matters that could affect our future performance in Notes 14 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and in “Risk Factors” in our 2013 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
 
LITIGATION
 
We describe legal proceedings that could adversely affect our future performance in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
MARKET RISK
 
Market risk is the risk of erosion of our cash flows, earnings, asset values and equity due to adverse changes in market prices, and interest and foreign currency rates.
 
 
Risk Policies
 
Sempra Energy has policies governing its market risk management and trading activities. Sempra Energy and the California Utilities maintain separate and independent risk management committees, organizations and processes for the California Utilities and for all non-CPUC regulated affiliates to provide oversight of these activities. The committees consist of senior officers who establish policy, oversee energy risk management activities, and monitor the results of trading and other activities to ensure compliance with our stated energy risk management and trading policies. These activities include, but are not limited to, daily monitoring of market positions that create credit, liquidity and market risk. The respective oversight organizations and committees are independent from the energy procurement departments.
 
Along with other tools, we use Value at Risk (VaR) and liquidity metrics to measure our exposure to market risk associated with the commodity portfolios. VaR is an estimate of the potential loss on a position or portfolio of positions over a specified holding period, based on normal market conditions and within a given statistical confidence interval. A liquidity metric is intended to monitor the amount of financial resources needed for meeting potential margin calls as forward market prices move. VaR and liquidity risk metrics are calculated independently by the respective risk management oversight organizations.
 
The California Utilities use power and natural gas derivatives to manage natural gas and electric price risk associated with servicing load requirements. The use of power and natural gas derivatives is subject to certain limitations imposed by company policy and is in compliance with risk management and trading activity plans that have been filed with and approved by the CPUC. Any costs or gains/losses associated with the use of power and natural gas derivatives are considered to be commodity costs. Commodity costs are generally passed on to customers as incurred. However, SoCalGas is subject to incentive mechanisms that reward or penalize the utility for commodity costs below or above certain benchmarks.
 
In 2010 and early 2011, Sempra Energy and RBS completed the divestiture of substantially all of the businesses and assets of RBS Sempra Commodities, their joint venture partnership, in four separate transactions, as we discuss in Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In connection with each of these transactions, the buyers were, subject to certain qualifications, obligated to replace any guarantees that we had issued in connection with the applicable businesses sold with guarantees of their own. By February 26, 2014, all such guarantees had been replaced or open positions closed. We provide additional information in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
We discuss revenue recognition in Notes 1 and 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and the additional market-risk information regarding derivative instruments in Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
We have exposure to changes in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency rates and exposure to counterparty nonperformance. The following discussion of these primary market-risk exposures as of December 31, 2013 includes a discussion of how these exposures are managed.
 
 
Commodity Price Risk
 
Market risk related to physical commodities is created by volatility in the prices and basis of certain commodities. Our various subsidiaries are exposed, in varying degrees, to price risk, primarily to prices in the natural gas and electricity markets. Our policy is to manage this risk within a framework that considers the unique markets and operating and regulatory environments of each subsidiary.
 
Segments within our Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power operating units are generally exposed to commodity price risk indirectly through their LNG, natural gas pipeline and storage, and power generating assets and their power purchase agreements. Those segments may utilize commodity transactions in the course of optimizing these assets. These transactions are typically priced based on market indices, but may also include fixed price purchases and sales of commodities. Any residual exposure is monitored as described above.
 
The California Utilities’ market-risk exposure is limited due to CPUC-authorized rate recovery of the costs of commodity purchases, interstate and intrastate transportation, and storage activity. However, SoCalGas may, at times, be exposed to market risk as a result of incentive mechanisms that reward or penalize the utility for commodity costs below or above certain benchmarks for SoCalGas’ Gas Cost Incentive Mechanism, which we discuss in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. If commodity prices were to rise too rapidly, it is likely that volumes would decline. This decline would increase the per-unit fixed costs, which could lead to further volume declines. The California Utilities manage their risk within the parameters of their market risk management framework. As of and for the year ended December 31, 2013, the total VaR of the California Utilities’ natural gas and electric positions was not material, and the procurement activities were in compliance with the procurement plans filed with and approved by the CPUC.
 
A hypothetical 10% unfavorable change in commodity prices would not have resulted in a material change in the fair value of our commodity-based financial derivatives as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. The impact of a change in energy commodity prices on our commodity-based financial derivative instruments at a point in time is not necessarily representative of the results that will be realized when the contracts are ultimately settled. Also, the impact of a change in energy commodity prices on our commodity-based financial derivative instruments does not typically include the generally offsetting impact of our underlying asset positions.
 
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
We are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates primarily as a result of our having issued short- and long-term debt. Subject to regulatory constraints, we periodically enter into interest rate swap agreements to moderate our exposure to interest rate changes and to lower our overall costs of borrowing.
 
The table below shows the nominal amount and the one-year VaR for long-term debt, excluding commercial paper classified as long-term debt, capital lease obligations, build-to-suit lease and interest rate swaps, and before reductions/increases for unamortized discount/premium, at December 31, 2013 and 2012:
 

 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
SDG&E 
 
SoCalGas 
 
Nominal 
One-Year 
 
Nominal 
One-Year 
 
Nominal 
One-Year 
(Dollars in millions)
Debt 
VaR(1) 
 
Debt 
VaR(1) 
 
Debt 
VaR(1) 
At December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    California Utilities fixed-rate
$ 
 5,464 
$ 
 531 
 
$ 
 4,051 
$ 
 407 
 
$ 
 1,413 
$ 
 124 
    California Utilities variable-rate
 
 335 
 
 15 
 
 
 335 
 
 15 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    All other, fixed-rate and variable-rate
 
 6,211 
 
 308 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
At December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    California Utilities fixed-rate
$ 
 5,203 
$ 
 601 
 
$ 
 3,790 
$ 
 451 
 
$ 
 1,413 
$ 
 150 
    California Utilities variable-rate
 
 345 
 
 14 
 
 
 345 
 
 14 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    All other, fixed-rate and variable-rate
 
 6,306 
 
 302 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
(1) After the effects of interest rate swaps.

We provide further information about interest rate swap transactions in Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
We also are subject to the effect of interest rate fluctuations on the assets of our pension plans, other postretirement benefit plans, and SDG&E’s nuclear decommissioning trusts. However, we expect the effects of these fluctuations, as they relate to the California Utilities, to be passed on to customers.
 
 
Credit Risk
 
Credit risk is the risk of loss that would be incurred as a result of nonperformance of our counterparties’ contractual obligations. We monitor credit risk through a credit-approval process and the assignment and monitoring of credit limits. We establish these credit limits based on risk and return considerations under terms customarily available in the industry.
 
As with market risk, we have policies governing the management of credit risk that are administered by the respective credit departments for each of the California Utilities and, on a combined basis, for all non-CPUC regulated affiliates and overseen by their separate risk management committees.
 
This oversight includes calculating current and potential credit risk on a daily basis and monitoring actual balances in comparison to approved limits. We avoid concentration of counterparties whenever possible, and we believe our credit policies significantly reduce overall credit risk. These policies include an evaluation of the following:
 
§  
prospective counterparties’ financial condition (including credit ratings)
 
§  
collateral requirements
 
§  
the use of standardized agreements that allow for the netting of positive and negative exposures associated with a single counterparty
 
§  
downgrade triggers
 
We believe that we have provided adequate reserves for counterparty nonperformance.
 
When development projects at Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power become operational, they rely significantly on the ability of their suppliers to perform on long-term agreements and on our ability to enforce contract terms in the event of nonperformance. Also, the factors that we consider in evaluating a development project include negotiating customer and supplier agreements and, therefore, we rely on these agreements for future performance. We also may base our decision to go forward on development projects on these agreements.
 
As noted above under “Interest Rate Risk,” we periodically enter into interest rate swap agreements to moderate exposure to interest rate changes and to lower the overall cost of borrowing. We would be exposed to interest rate fluctuations on the underlying debt should a counterparty to the swap fail to perform.
 
 
Foreign Currency Rate Risk
 
We have investments in entities whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, exposing us to foreign exchange movements, primarily in Latin American currencies.
 
We discuss our foreign currency exposure at our Mexican subsidiaries in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Mexican Currency Exchange Rate and Inflation Impact on Income Taxes and Related Economic Hedging Activity.”
 
Our primary objective in reducing foreign currency risk is to preserve the economic value of our overseas investments and to reduce earnings volatility that would otherwise occur due to exchange rate fluctuations. We may offset material cross-currency transactions and net income exposure through various means, including financial instruments and short-term investments. Because we do not hedge our net investment in foreign countries, we are susceptible to volatility in other comprehensive income caused by exchange rate fluctuations.
 
The hypothetical effects for every one percent appreciation in the U.S. dollar from year-end 2013 levels against the currencies of Latin American countries in which we have operations and investments are as follows:
 

(Dollars in millions)
 
Hypothetical Effects 
 
Translation of 2013 earnings to U.S. dollars
$ 
 (2)
 
Transactional exposures
 
 ― 
 
Translation of net assets of foreign subsidiaries and investments in foreign entities
 
 (22)

 
Foreign Inflation Risk
 
Although the balances of monetary assets and liabilities at our Mexican subsidiaries may fluctuate significantly throughout the year, based on long-term debt balances with non-Mexican entities of $288 million at December 31, 2013, the hypothetical effect for Sempra Energy for every one percent increase in the Mexican inflation rate is approximately $0.9 million of additional income tax expense at our Mexican subsidiaries.
 


 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES, AND KEY NONCASH PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
 

Management views certain accounting policies as critical because their application is the most relevant, judgmental, and/or material to our financial position and results of operations, and/or because they require the use of material judgments and estimates.
 
We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.  We discuss choices among alternative accounting policies that are material to our financial statements and information concerning significant estimates with the audit committee of the Sempra Energy board of directors.
 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
SEMPRA ENERGY, SDG&E AND SOCALGAS
CONTINGENCIES
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
We accrue losses for the estimated impacts of various conditions, situations or circumstances involving uncertain outcomes. For loss contingencies, we accrue the loss if an event has occurred on or before the balance sheet date and:
 
§ information available through the date we file our financial statements indicates it is probable that a loss has been incurred, given the likelihood of uncertain future events, and
 
§ the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.
 
 
We do not accrue contingencies that might result in gains. We continuously assess contingencies for litigation claims, environmental remediation and other events.
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
Details of our issues in this area are discussed in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
REGULATORY ACCOUNTING
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
As regulated entities, the California Utilities’ rates, as set and monitored by regulators, are designed to recover the cost of providing service and provide the opportunity to earn a competitive return on their investments. The California Utilities record a regulatory asset, which are generally costs that would otherwise be charged to expense, if it is probable that, through the ratemaking process, the utility will recover that asset from customers in future rates. Similarly, regulatory liabilities are recorded for amounts recovered in rates in advance or in excess of costs incurred. The California Utilities assess probabilities of future rate recovery associated with regulatory account balances at the end of each reporting period and whenever new and/or unusual events occur, such as:
 
§ changes in the regulatory and political environment or the utility’s competitive position
 
§ issuance of a regulatory commission order
 
§ passage of new legislation
 
 
To the extent that circumstances associated with regulatory balances change, the regulatory balances are adjusted accordingly.
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
Adverse legislative or regulatory actions could materially impact the amounts of such regulatory assets and liabilities and could materially adversely impact our financial statements. Details of the California Utilities’ regulatory assets and liabilities and additional factors that management considers when assessing probabilities associated with regulatory balances are discussed in Notes 1, 13, 14 and 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


SEMPRA ENERGY, SDG&E AND SOCALGAS (CONTINUED)
INCOME TAXES
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
Our income tax expense and related balance sheet amounts involve significant management estimates and judgments. Amounts of deferred income tax assets and liabilities, as well as current and noncurrent accruals, involve judgments and estimates of the timing and probability of recognition of income and deductions by taxing authorities. When we evaluate the anticipated resolution of income tax issues, we consider
 
§ past resolutions of the same or similar issue
 
§ the status of any income tax examination in progress
 
§ positions taken by taxing authorities with other taxpayers with similar issues
 
 
The likelihood of deferred tax recovery is based on analyses of the deferred tax assets and our expectation of future taxable income, based on our strategic planning.
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
Actual income taxes could vary from estimated amounts because of:
 
§ future impacts of various items, including changes in tax laws, regulations, interpretations and rulings
 
§ our financial condition in future periods
 
§ the resolution of various income tax issues between us and taxing authorities
 
 
We discuss details of our issues in this area in Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
For an uncertain position to qualify for benefit recognition, the position must have at least a “more likely than not” chance of being sustained (based on the position’s technical merits) upon challenge by the respective authorities. The term “more likely than not” means a likelihood of more than 50 percent. If we do not have a more likely than not position with respect to a tax position, then we do not recognize any of the potential tax benefit associated with the position. A tax position that meets the “more likely than not” recognition is measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon the effective resolution of the tax position.
 
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
Unrecognized tax benefits involve management’s judgment regarding the likelihood of the benefit being sustained. The final resolution of uncertain tax positions could result in adjustments to recorded amounts and may affect our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
 
We discuss additional information related to accounting for uncertainty in income taxes in Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

SEMPRA ENERGY, SDG&E AND SOCALGAS (CONTINUED)
DERIVATIVES
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
We value derivative instruments at fair value on the balance sheet. Depending on the purpose for the contract and the applicability of hedge accounting, the impact of instruments may be offset in earnings, on the balance sheet, or in other comprehensive income. We also use normal purchase or sale accounting for certain contracts. As discussed elsewhere in this report, whenever possible, we use exchange quotations or other third-party pricing to estimate fair values; if no such data is available, we use internally developed models and other techniques. The assumed collectability of derivative assets and receivables considers
 
§ events specific to a given counterparty
 
§ the tenor of the transaction
 
§ the credit-worthiness of the counterparty
 
 
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
The application of hedge accounting to certain derivatives and the normal purchase or sale accounting election is made on a contract-by-contract basis. Using hedge accounting or the normal purchase or sale election in a different manner could materially impact Sempra Energy’s results of operations. However, such alternatives would not have a significant impact on the California Utilities’ results of operations because of regulatory accounting principles. We provide details of our financial instruments in Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
To measure our pension and other postretirement obligations, costs and liabilities, we rely on several assumptions. We consider current market conditions, including interest rates, in making these assumptions.  We annually review these assumptions prior to the beginning of each year and update when appropriate.
 
The critical assumptions used to develop the required estimates include the following key factors:
 
§ discount rates
 
§ expected return on plan assets
 
§ health care cost trend rates
 
§ mortality rates
 
§ rate of compensation increases
 
§ termination and retirement rates
 
§ utilization of postretirement welfare benefits
 
§ payout elections (lump sum or annuity)
 
§ lump sum interest rates
 
 

SEMPRA ENERGY, SDG&E AND SOCALGAS (CONTINUED)
DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS (CONTINUED)
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
The actuarial assumptions we use may differ materially from actual results due to:
 
§ return on plan assets
 
§ changing market and economic conditions
 
§ higher or lower withdrawal rates
 
§ longer or shorter participant life spans
 
§ more or fewer lump sum versus annuity payout elections made by plan participants
 
§ retirement rates
 
 
These differences, other than those related to the California Utilities’ plans, where rate recovery offsets any effects of the assumptions on earnings, may result in a significant impact to the amount of pension and postretirement benefit expense we record. For the remaining plans, the approximate annual effect on earnings of a 100 basis point increase or decrease in the assumed discount rate would be less than $3 million and the effect of a 100 basis point increase or decrease in the assumed rate of return on plan assets would be less than $2 million.
 
We provide additional information, including the impact of increases and decreases in the health care cost trend rate, in Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


SEMPRA ENERGY AND SDG&E
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
SDG&E’s legal asset retirement obligations (AROs) related to the decommissioning of SONGS are recorded at fair value based on a site specific study performed every three years. The fair value of the obligations includes
 
§ estimated decommissioning costs, including labor, equipment, material and other disposal costs
 
§ inflation adjustment applied to estimated cash flows
 
§ discount rate based on a credit-adjusted risk-free rate
 
§ expected initiation and duration of decommissioning activities
 
 
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
Changes in the estimated decommissioning costs, or in the assumptions and judgments made by management underlying these estimates, could cause revisions to the estimated total cost associated with retiring the assets. SDG&E’s nuclear decommissioning expenses are subject to rate recovery and, therefore, rate-making accounting treatment is applied to SDG&E’s nuclear decommissioning activities. SDG&E recognizes a regulatory asset, or liability, to the extent that its SONGS ARO exceeds, or is less than, the amount collected from customers and the amount earned in SDG&E’s Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts.
 
We provide additional detail in Notes 13 and 14 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

SEMPRA ENERGY
IMPAIRMENT TESTING OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an asset’s carrying amount may not be recoverable, we consider if the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets.  If so, we estimate the fair value of these assets to determine the extent to which cost exceeds fair value.  For these estimates, we may consider data from multiple valuation methods, including data from market participants. We exercise judgment to estimate the future cash flows and the useful lives of long-lived assets and to determine our intent to use the assets. Our intent to use or dispose of assets is subject to re-evaluation and can change over time.
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
If an impairment test is required, the fair value of long-lived assets can vary if differing estimates and assumptions are used in the valuation techniques applied as indicated by changing market or other conditions. We discuss impairment of long-lived assets in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
IMPAIRMENT TESTING OF GOODWILL
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
On an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances necessitate an evaluation, we consider whether goodwill may be impaired.  For our annual goodwill impairment testing, we have the option to first make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount before applying the two-step, quantitative goodwill impairment test.  If we elect to perform the qualitative assessment, we evaluate relevant events and circumstances, including but not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, changes in key personnel and the overall financial performance of the reporting unit.  If, after assessing these qualitative factors, we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then we perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. When we perform the two-step, quantitative goodwill impairment test, we exercise judgment to develop estimates of the fair value of the reporting unit and compare that to the carrying value.  Our fair value estimates are developed from the perspective of a knowledgeable market participant.  We consider observable transactions in the marketplace for similar investments, if available, as well as an income-based approach such as discounted cash flow analysis.  A discounted cash flow analysis may be based directly on anticipated future revenues and expenses and may be performed based on free cash flows generated within the reporting unit. Critical assumptions that affect our estimates of fair value may include
 
§ consideration of market transactions
 
§ future cash flows
 
§ the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate
 
§ country risk
 
§ entity risk
 
 
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
When we choose to make a qualitative assessment as discussed above, the two-step, quantitative goodwill impairment test is not required if we determine that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount or when we choose to proceed directly to the two-step, quantitative goodwill impairment test, the test requires us to first determine if the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value and if so, to measure the amount of goodwill impairment, if any. When determining if goodwill is impaired, the fair value of the reporting unit and goodwill can vary if differing estimates and assumptions are used in the valuation techniques applied as indicated by changing market or other conditions.  As a result, recognizing a goodwill impairment may or may not be required. Sempra Energy has $1.0 billion of goodwill on its Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2013, of which $927 million is attributable to our operations in South America. Based on our qualitative assessment, we determined that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair values of the reporting units to which this goodwill was allocated substantially exceeded their carrying values as of October 1, 2013, our most recent goodwill impairment testing date.  We discuss goodwill in Notes 1 and 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

SEMPRA ENERGY
CARRYING VALUE OF EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENTS
Assumptions & Approach Used
  
We generally account for investments under the equity method when we have an ownership interest of 20 to 50 percent. The premium, or excess cost over the underlying carrying value of net assets, is referred to as equity method goodwill, which is included in the impairment testing of the equity method investment.
 
We consider whether the fair value of each equity investment as a whole, not the underlying net assets, has declined and whether that decline is other than temporary. To help evaluate whether a decline in fair value below cost has occurred and if the decline is other than temporary, we may develop fair value estimates for the investment. Our fair value estimates are developed from the perspective of a knowledgeable market participant. In the absence of observable transactions in the marketplace for similar investments, we consider an income-based approach such as discounted cash flow analysis or, with less weighting, the replacement cost of the underlying net assets. A discounted cash flow analysis may be based directly on anticipated future distributions from the investment, or may be performed based on free cash flows generated within the entity and adjusted for our ownership share total. When calculating estimates of fair or realizable values, we also consider whether we intend to hold or sell the investment. For certain held investments, critical assumptions may include
 
§ equity sale offer price for the investment
 
§ transportation rates for natural gas
 
§ the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate
 
§ the availability and costs of natural gas
 
§ competing fuels (primarily propane) and electricity
 
§ estimated future power generation and associated production tax credits
 
§ renewable power price expectations
 
 
For investments that we hold for sale, we consider comparable sales values or indicative offers, executed sales transactions or indications of value determined by cash and affiliate receivables within the entity when determining our estimates of fair value.
Effect if Different
Assumptions Used
  
The risk assumptions applied by other market participants to value the investments could vary significantly or the appropriate approaches could be weighted differently. These differences could impact whether or not the fair value of the investment is less than its cost, and if so, whether that condition is other than temporary.  This could result in an impairment charge or a different amount of impairment charge, and, in cases where an impairment charge has been recorded, additional loss or gain upon sale.
 
We provide additional details in Notes 4 and 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
KEY NONCASH PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
 
A discussion of key noncash performance indicators related to each segment follows:
 
 
California Utilities
 
Key noncash performance indicators include number of customers, and natural gas volumes and electricity sold. Additional noncash performance indicators include goals related to safety, customer service, customer reputation, environmental considerations, on-time and on-budget completion of major projects and initiatives, and in the case of SDG&E, electric reliability. We discuss natural gas volumes and electricity sold in “Results of Operations – Changes in Revenues, Costs and Earnings” above.
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
Key noncash performance indicators for our South American distribution operations are customer count and consumption. We discuss these above in “Our Business.” Additional noncash performance indicators include goals related to safety, environmental considerations, and regulatory compliance.
 
 
Sempra Mexico
 
Key noncash performance indicators for Sempra Mexico include natural gas sales volume, facility availability, capacity utilization and, for its distribution operations, customer count and consumption.  Additional noncash performance indicators include goals related to safety, environmental considerations and regulatory performance.  We discuss these above in “Our Business.”
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
Key noncash performance indicators at Sempra Natural Gas include natural gas sales volume, facility availability, capacity utilization and, for its distribution operations, customer count and consumption. Additional noncash performance indicators include goals related to safety, environmental considerations and regulatory compliance.  We discuss these above in “Our Business.”
 
 
Electric Generation Facilities (Sempra Mexico, Sempra Renewables and Sempra Natural Gas)
 
Key noncash performance indicators include plant availability and capacity factors and sales volume at our renewable energy facilities and natural gas-fired generating plants. For competitive reasons, we do not disclose plant availability factors. We discuss these above in “Our Business” and “Factors Influencing Future Performance.” Additional noncash performance indicators include goals related to safety, environmental considerations, and compliance with reliability standards.
 
 
LNG Facilities (Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas)
 
At our LNG terminals, key noncash performance indicators include plant availability and capacity utilization. We discuss these above in “Our Business” and “Factors Influencing Future Performance.” Additional noncash performance indicators include goals related to safety, environmental considerations, regulatory compliance, and on-time and on-budget completion of development projects.
 
 
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
 
We discuss the relevant pronouncements that have recently become effective and have had or may have a significant effect on our financial statements in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 


 
INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 

We make statements in this report that are not historical fact and constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon assumptions with respect to the future, involve risks and uncertainties, and are not guarantees of performance. These forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the filing date of this report. We assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or other factors.
 
In this report, when we use words such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “estimates,” “projects,” “forecasts,” “contemplates,” “intends,” “depends,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “will,” “may,” “potential,” “target,” “pursue,” “goals,” “outlook,” “maintain,” or similar expressions, or when we discuss our guidance, strategy, plans, goals, opportunities, projections, initiatives, objectives or intentions, we are making forward-looking statements.
 
Factors, among others, that could cause our actual results and future actions to differ materially from those described in forward-looking statements include
 
§  
local, regional, national and international economic, competitive, political, legislative and regulatory conditions and developments;
 
§  
actions and the timing of actions, including issuances of permits to construct and licenses for operation, by the California Public Utilities Commission, California State Legislature, U.S. Department of Energy, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Atomic Safety and Licensing Board, California Energy Commission, California Air Resources Board, and other regulatory, governmental and environmental bodies in the United States and other countries in which we operate;
 
§  
capital markets conditions, including the availability of credit and the liquidity of our investments;
 
§  
the timing and success of business development efforts and construction, maintenance and capital projects, including risks in obtaining permits, licenses, certificates and other authorizations on a timely basis and risks in obtaining adequate and competitive financing for such projects;
 
§  
inflation, interest and exchange rates;
 
§  
the impact of benchmark interest rates, generally Moody’s A-rated utility bond yields, on our California Utilities’ cost of capital;
 
§  
energy markets, including the timing and extent of changes and volatility in commodity prices;
 
§  
the availability of electric power, natural gas and liquefied natural gas, including disruptions caused by failures in the North American transmission grid, pipeline explosions and equipment failures and the decommissioning of San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS);
 
§  
weather conditions, natural disasters, catastrophic accidents, and conservation efforts;
 
§  
risks inherent with nuclear power facilities and radioactive materials storage, including the catastrophic release of such materials, the disallowance of the recovery of the investment in, or operating costs of, the nuclear facility due to an extended outage and facility closure, and increased regulatory oversight;
 
§  
risks posed by decisions and actions of third parties who control the operations of investments in which we do not have a controlling interest;
 
§  
wars, terrorist attacks and cybersecurity threats;
 
§  
business, regulatory, environmental and legal decisions and requirements;
 
§  
expropriation of assets by foreign governments and title and other property disputes;
 
§  
the impact on reliability of San Diego Gas & Electric Company’s electric transmission and distribution system due to increased amount and variability of power supply from renewable energy sources;
 
§  
the impact on competitive customer rates of the growth in distributed and local power generation and the corresponding decrease in demand for power delivered through our electric transmission and distribution system;
 
§  
the inability or determination not to enter into long-term supply and sales agreements or long-term firm capacity agreements;
 
§  
the resolution of litigation; and
 
§  
other uncertainties, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control.
 
We caution you not to rely unduly on any forward-looking statements. You should review and consider carefully the risks, uncertainties and other factors that affect our business as described herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and other reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 


 
COMMON STOCK DATA
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY COMMON STOCK
 
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange. At February 21, 2014, there were approximately 33,502 record holders of our common stock.
 
The following table shows Sempra Energy quarterly common stock data:
 

 
First 
Second 
Third 
Fourth 
 
Quarter 
Quarter 
Quarter 
Quarter 
2013 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Market price
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    High
$ 
 80.21 
$ 
 84.85 
$ 
 89.46 
$ 
 93.00 
    Low
$ 
 70.61 
$ 
 78.11 
$ 
 78.67 
$ 
 84.55 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2012 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Market price
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    High
$ 
 60.36 
$ 
 69.46 
$ 
 72.32 
$ 
 72.87 
    Low
$ 
 54.70 
$ 
 60.04 
$ 
 63.87 
$ 
 64.47 
 
We declared dividends of $0.63 per share and $0.60 per share in each quarter of 2013 and 2012, respectively. On February 21, 2014, our board of directors approved an increase to our quarterly common stock dividend to $0.66 per share ($2.64 annually), an increase of $0.03 per share ($0.12 annually) from $0.63 per share ($2.52 annually) authorized in February 2013.
 
 
SOCALGAS AND SDG&E COMMON STOCK
 
Pacific Enterprises (PE), a wholly owned subsidiary of Sempra Energy, owns all of SoCalGas’ outstanding common stock. Enova Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Sempra Energy, owns all of SDG&E’s issued and outstanding common stock.
 
Information concerning dividend declarations for SoCalGas and SDG&E is included in their Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and Statement of Changes in Equity, respectively, set forth in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS
 
The payment and the amount of future dividends for Sempra Energy, SDG&E, and SoCalGas are within the discretion of their boards of directors. The CPUC’s regulation of the California Utilities’ capital structures limits the amounts that the California Utilities can pay us in the form of loans and dividends. We discuss these matters in Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements under “Restricted Net Assets” and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Capital Resources and Liquidity” in the “Overview – California Utilities,” “Overview – Sempra Energy Consolidated” and “Dividends” sections.
 



 
PERFORMANCE GRAPH -- COMPARATIVE TOTAL SHAREHOLDER RETURNS
 

The following graph (Figure 2) compares the percentage change in the cumulative total shareholder return on Sempra Energy common stock for the five-year period ending December 31, 2013, with the performance over the same period of the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Index and the Standard & Poor’s 500 Utilities Index.
 
These returns were calculated assuming an initial investment of $100 in our common stock, the S&P 500 Index and the S&P 500 Utilities Index on December 31, 2008, and the reinvestment of all dividends.
 

 

[i002.gif]





Figure 2: Comparison of Cumulative Five-Year Total Return





 
FIVE-YEAR SUMMARIES
 


The following tables present selected financial data of Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas for the five years ended December 31, 2013. The data is derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of each company. You should read this information in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and notes contained in this Annual Report.
 
FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA FOR SEMPRA ENERGY
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
At December 31 or for the years then ended 
 
2013 
2012
2011
2010
2009
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Electric
$ 
 4,911 
 
$ 
 4,568 
 
$ 
 3,833 
 
$ 
 2,528 
 
$ 
 2,419 
 
    Natural gas
 
 4,398 
 
 
 3,873 
 
 
 4,489 
 
 
 4,491 
 
 
 4,002 
 
Energy-related businesses
 
 1,248 
 
 
 1,206 
 
 
 1,714 
 
 
 1,984 
 
 
 1,685 
 
    Total revenues
$ 
 10,557 
 
$ 
 9,647 
 
$ 
 10,036 
 
$ 
 9,003 
 
$ 
 8,106 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income from continuing operations
$ 
 1,088 
 
$ 
 920 
 
$ 
 1,381 
 
$ 
 703 
 
$ 
 1,122 
 
(Earnings) losses from continuing operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 (79)
 
 
 (55)
 
 
 (42)
 
 
 16 
 
 
 7 
 
Call premium on preferred stock of subsidiary
 
 (3)
 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 (5)
 
 
 (6)
 
 
 (8)
 
 
 (10)
 
 
 (10)
 
Earnings/Income from continuing operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    attributable to common shares
$ 
 1,001 
 
$ 
 859 
 
$ 
 1,331 
 
$ 
 709 
 
$ 
 1,119 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attributable to common shares:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Earnings/Income from continuing operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Basic
$ 
 4.10 
 
$ 
 3.56 
 
$ 
 5.55 
 
$ 
 2.90 
 
$ 
 4.60 
 
        Diluted
$ 
 4.01 
 
$ 
 3.48 
 
$ 
 5.51 
 
$ 
 2.86 
 
$ 
 4.52 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends declared per common share
$ 
 2.52 
 
$ 
 2.40 
 
$ 
 1.92 
 
$ 
 1.56 
 
$ 
 1.56 
 
Return on common equity
 
 9.4 
%
 
 8.6 
%
 
 14.2 
%
 
 7.9 
%
 
 13.2 
%
Effective income tax rate
 
 26 
%
 
 6 
%
 
 23 
%
 
 17 
%
 
 29 
%
Price range of common shares:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    High
$ 
 93.00 
 
$ 
 72.87 
 
$ 
 55.97 
 
$ 
 56.61 
 
$ 
 57.18 
 
    Low
$ 
 70.61 
 
$ 
 54.70 
 
$ 
 44.78 
 
$ 
 43.91 
 
$ 
 36.43 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average rate base:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    SoCalGas
$ 
 3,499 
 
$ 
 3,178 
 
$ 
 2,948 
 
$ 
 2,860 
 
$ 
 2,758 
 
    SDG&E
$ 
 7,244 
 
$ 
 6,295 
 
$ 
 5,071 
 
$ 
 4,697 
 
$ 
 4,362 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AT DECEMBER 31
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current assets
$ 
 3,997 
 
$ 
 3,695 
 
$ 
 2,332 
 
$ 
 3,363 
 
$ 
 2,296 
 
Total assets
$ 
 37,244 
 
$ 
 36,499 
 
$ 
 33,249 
 
$ 
 30,231 
 
$ 
 28,501 
 
Current liabilities
$ 
 4,369 
 
$ 
 4,258 
 
$ 
 4,152 
 
$ 
 3,786 
 
$ 
 3,887 
 
Long-term debt (excludes current portion)
$ 
 11,253 
 
$ 
 11,621 
 
$ 
 10,078 
 
$ 
 8,980 
 
$ 
 7,460 
 
Short-term debt(1)
$ 
 1,692 
 
$ 
 1,271 
 
$ 
 785 
 
$ 
 507 
 
$ 
 1,191 
 
Contingently redeemable preferred stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    of subsidiary
$ 
 ― 
 
$ 
 79 
 
$ 
 79 
 
$ 
 79 
 
$ 
 79 
 
Sempra Energy shareholders’ equity
$ 
 11,008 
 
$ 
 10,282 
 
$ 
 9,775 
 
$ 
 8,990 
 
$ 
 9,000 
 
Common shares outstanding
 
 244.5 
 
 
 242.4 
 
 
 239.9 
 
 
 240.4 
 
 
 246.5 
 
Book value per share
$ 
 45.03 
 
$ 
 42.43 
 
$ 
 40.74 
 
$ 
 37.39 
 
$ 
 36.51 
 
(1) Includes long-term debt due within one year.

In the first quarter of 2013, a Sempra Energy subsidiary, IEnova, completed a private offering in the U.S. and outside of Mexico and a concurrent public offering in Mexico of common stock. We discuss the offerings and IEnova further in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
In June 2013, we recorded a $200 million pretax loss from plant closure related to SDG&E’s investment in SONGS. We discuss this loss further in Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
We discuss the impact of natural gas prices on revenues in 2013, 2012 and 2011 and the changes in our effective income tax rate in 2013 and 2012 in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Changes in Revenues, Costs and Earnings.”
 
On April 6, 2011, we increased our interests in two South American utilities, which are now consolidated. Prior to the acquisition, we accounted for our investments in these entities as equity method investments. We discuss this acquisition in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
On April 1, 2008, we sold our commodities-marketing businesses into a joint venture, and began accounting for these businesses under the equity method. In 2010 and early 2011, we and RBS sold substantially all of the businesses and assets of the joint venture. We discuss these transactions further in Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
We discuss litigation and other contingencies in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

FIVE-YEAR SUMMARIES OF SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA FOR SDG&E AND SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
At December 31 or for the years then ended 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
2010 
2009 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Operations Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Operating revenues
$ 
 4,066 
$ 
 3,694 
$ 
 3,373 
$ 
 3,049 
$ 
 2,916 
    Operating income
 
 782 
 
 809 
 
 755 
 
 657 
 
 589 
    Dividends on preferred stock
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 5 
    Earnings attributable to common shares
 
 404 
 
 484 
 
 431 
 
 369 
 
 344 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheet Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Total assets
$ 
 15,377 
$ 
 14,744 
$ 
 13,555 
$ 
 12,077 
$ 
 10,229 
    Long-term debt (excludes current portion)
 
 4,525 
 
 4,292 
 
 4,058 
 
 3,479 
 
 2,623 
    Short-term debt(1)
 
 88 
 
 16 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 78 
    Contingently redeemable preferred stock
 
 ― 
 
 79 
 
 79 
 
 79 
 
 79 
    SDG&E shareholder's equity
 
 4,628 
 
 4,222 
 
 3,739 
 
 3,108 
 
 2,739 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Operations Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Operating revenues
$ 
 3,736 
$ 
 3,282 
$ 
 3,816 
$ 
 3,822 
$ 
 3,355 
    Operating income
 
 539 
 
 420 
 
 486 
 
 516 
 
 476 
    Dividends on preferred stock
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
    Earnings attributable to common shares
 
 364 
 
 289 
 
 287 
 
 286 
 
 273 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheet Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Total assets
$ 
 9,147 
$ 
 9,071 
$ 
 8,475 
$ 
 7,986 
$ 
 7,287 
    Long-term debt (excludes current portion)
 
 1,159 
 
 1,409 
 
 1,064 
 
 1,320 
 
 1,283 
    Short-term debt(1)
 
 294 
 
 4 
 
 257 
 
 262 
 
 11 
    SoCalGas shareholders’ equity
 
 2,549 
 
 2,235 
 
 2,193 
 
 1,955 
 
 1,766 
(1) Includes long-term debt due within one year.


 
 
 
 
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 

 
EVALUATION OF DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY, SDG&E, SOCALGAS
 
Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas have designed and maintain disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed in their respective reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission and is accumulated and communicated to the management of each company, including each respective Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating these controls and procedures, the management of each company recognizes that any system of controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives; therefore, the management of each company applies judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of other possible controls and procedures.
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officers of Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas, each company evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2013, the end of the period covered by this report. Based on these evaluations, the Chief Executive Officers and Chief Financial Officers of Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas concluded that their respective company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.
 

 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY, SDG&E, SOCALGAS
 
The respective management of each company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of the management of each company, including each company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of each company’s internal control over financial reporting was evaluated based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on the evaluations, each company concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013. Deloitte & Touche LLP audited the effectiveness of each company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, as stated in their reports, which are included in this Annual Report.
 
There have been no changes in the companies’ internal control over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the companies’ internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
 
 
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
 
None.
 

 
 
REPORTS OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY
 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Sempra Energy:
 
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Sempra Energy and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 of the Company and our report dated February 27, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Diego, California
February 27, 2014

 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Sempra Energy:
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Sempra Energy and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Sempra Energy and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 27, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Diego, California
February 27, 2014
 
 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
 

 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of San Diego Gas & Electric Company:
 
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of San Diego Gas & Electric Company (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 of the Company and our report dated February 27, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Diego, California
February 27, 2014


 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholder of San Diego Gas & Electric Company:
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of San Diego Gas & Electric Company (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of San Diego Gas & Electric Company as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 27, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Diego, California
February 27, 2014
 
 
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY
 

 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Southern California Gas Company:
 
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Southern California Gas Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.  Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2013 of the Company and our report dated February 27, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Diego, California
February 27, 2014

 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Southern California Gas Company:
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Southern California Gas Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Southern California Gas Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (1992) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 27, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

San Diego, California
February 27, 2014
 
 
 
 
SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
 
 
REVENUES
 
 
 
 
 
 
Utilities
$ 
 9,309 
$ 
 8,441 
$ 
 8,322 
Energy-related businesses
 
 1,248 
 
 1,206 
 
 1,714 
    Total revenues
 
 10,557 
 
 9,647 
 
 10,036 
EXPENSES AND OTHER INCOME
 
 
 
 
 
 
Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Cost of natural gas
 
 (1,646)
 
 (1,290)
 
 (1,866)
    Cost of electric fuel and purchased power
 
 (1,932)
 
 (1,760)
 
 (1,397)
Energy-related businesses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Cost of natural gas, electric fuel and purchased power
 
 (435)
 
 (481)
 
 (746)
    Other cost of sales
 
 (178)
 
 (159)
 
 (137)
Operation and maintenance
 
 (2,995)
 
 (2,956)
 
 (2,825)
Depreciation and amortization
 
 (1,113)
 
 (1,090)
 
 (976)
Franchise fees and other taxes
 
 (374)
 
 (359)
 
 (343)
Loss from plant closure
 
 (200)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Gain on sale of assets
 
 114 
 
 7 
 
 ― 
Equity earnings (losses), before income tax
 
 31 
 
 (319)
 
 9 
Remeasurement of equity method investments
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 277 
Other income, net
 
 140 
 
 172 
 
 130 
Interest income
 
 20 
 
 24 
 
 26 
Interest expense
 
 (559)
 
 (493)
 
 (465)
Income before income taxes and equity earnings
 
 
 
 
 
 
    of certain unconsolidated subsidiaries
 
 1,430 
 
 943 
 
 1,723 
Income tax expense
 
 (366)
 
 (59)
 
 (394)
Equity earnings, net of income tax
 
 24 
 
 36 
 
 52 
Net income
 
 1,088 
 
 920 
 
 1,381 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 (79)
 
 (55)
 
 (42)
Call premium on preferred stock of subsidiary
 
 (3)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 (5)
 
 (6)
 
 (8)
Earnings
$ 
 1,001 
$ 
 859 
$ 
 1,331 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic earnings per common share
$ 
 4.10 
$ 
 3.56 
$ 
 5.55 
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding, basic (thousands)
 
 243,863 
 
 241,347 
 
 239,720 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings per common share
$ 
 4.01 
$ 
 3.48 
$ 
 5.51 
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding, diluted (thousands)
 
 249,332 
 
 246,693 
 
 241,523 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.


SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011
 
 
Sempra Energy Shareholders' Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pretax 
Income Tax 
Net-of-Tax 
Noncontrolling
 
 
 
Amount
(Expense) Benefit
Amount
Interests (After-Tax)
Total
2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 1,375 
$ 
 (366)
$ 
 1,009 
$ 
 79 
$ 
 1,088 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Foreign currency translation adjustments
 
 111 
 
 ― 
 
 111 
 
 (27)
 
 84 
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 47 
 
 (19)
 
 28 
 
 ― 
 
 28 
    Financial instruments
 
 13 
 
 (4)
 
 9 
 
 19 
 
 28 
    Total other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 171 
 
 (23)
 
 148 
 
 (8)
 
 140 
Comprehensive income
 
 1,546 
 
 (389)
 
 1,157 
 
 71 
 
 1,228 
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 (5)
 
 ― 
 
 (5)
 
 ― 
 
 (5)
Comprehensive income, after
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    preferred dividends of subsidiaries
$ 
 1,541 
$ 
 (389)
$ 
 1,152 
$ 
 71 
$ 
 1,223 
2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 924 
$ 
 (59)
$ 
 865 
$ 
 55 
$ 
 920 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Foreign currency translation adjustments
 
 119 
 
 ― 
 
 119 
 
 15 
 
 134 
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 (4)
 
 2 
 
 (2)
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
    Financial instruments
 
 (6)
 
 2 
 
 (4)
 
 (11)
 
 (15)
    Total other comprehensive income
 
 109 
 
 4 
 
 113 
 
 4 
 
 117 
Comprehensive income
 
 1,033 
 
 (55)
 
 978 
 
 59 
 
 1,037 
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 (6)
 
 ― 
 
 (6)
 
 ― 
 
 (6)
Comprehensive income, after
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    preferred dividends of subsidiaries
$ 
 1,027 
$ 
 (55)
$ 
 972 
$ 
 59 
$ 
 1,031 
2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 1,733 
$ 
 (394)
$ 
 1,339 
$ 
 42 
$ 
 1,381 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Foreign currency translation adjustments
 
 (79)
 
 3 
 
 (76)
 
 6 
 
 (70)
    Reclassification to net income of foreign
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        currency translation adjustment related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        to remeasurement of equity method
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        investments
 
 (54)
 
 ― 
 
 (54)
 
 ― 
 
 (54)
    Available-for-sale securities
 
 (2)
 
 1 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 (20)
 
 8 
 
 (12)
 
 ― 
 
 (12)
    Financial instruments
 
 (26)
 
 10 
 
 (16)
 
 (36)
 
 (52)
    Total other comprehensive loss
 
 (181)
 
 22 
 
 (159)
 
 (30)
 
 (189)
Comprehensive income
 
 1,552 
 
 (372)
 
 1,180 
 
 12 
 
 1,192 
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 (8)
 
 ― 
 
 (8)
 
 ― 
 
 (8)
Comprehensive income, after
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    preferred dividends of subsidiaries
$ 
 1,544 
$ 
 (372)
$ 
 1,172 
$ 
 12 
$ 
 1,184 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
    Cash and cash equivalents
$ 
 904 
$ 
 475 
    Restricted cash
 
 24 
 
 46 
    Trade accounts receivable, net
 
 1,308 
 
 1,146 
    Other accounts and notes receivable, net
 
 214 
 
 153 
    Due from unconsolidated affiliates
 
 4 
 
 ― 
    Income taxes receivable
 
 85 
 
 56 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 301 
 
 148 
    Inventories
 
 287 
 
 408 
    Regulatory balancing accounts – undercollected
 
 556 
 
 395 
    Regulatory assets
 
 38 
 
 62 
    Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 106 
 
 95 
    U.S. Treasury grants receivable
 
 ― 
 
 258 
    Asset held for sale, power plant
 
 ― 
 
 296 
    Other
 
 170 
 
 157 
        Total current assets
 
 3,997 
 
 3,695 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments and other assets:
 
 
 
 
    Restricted cash
 
 25 
 
 22 
    Due from unconsolidated affiliate
 
 14 
 
 ― 
    Regulatory assets arising from pension and other postretirement
 
 
 
 
        benefit obligations
 
 435 
 
 1,151 
    Other regulatory assets
 
 2,113 
 
 1,591 
    Nuclear decommissioning trusts
 
 1,034 
 
 908 
    Investments
 
 1,575 
 
 1,516 
    Goodwill
 
 1,024 
 
 1,111 
    Other intangible assets
 
 426 
 
 436 
    Sundry
 
 1,141 
 
 878 
        Total investments and other assets
 
 7,787 
 
 7,613 
 
 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment:
 
 
 
 
    Property, plant and equipment
 
 34,407 
 
 33,528 
    Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
 (8,947)
 
 (8,337)
        Property, plant and equipment, net ($438 and $466 at December 31, 2013 and
 
 
 
 
            2012, respectively, related to VIE)
 
 25,460 
 
 25,191 
Total assets
$ 
 37,244 
$ 
 36,499 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
    Short-term debt
$ 
 545 
$ 
 546 
    Accounts payable – trade
 
 1,088 
 
 976 
    Accounts payable – other
 
 127 
 
 134 
    Dividends and interest payable
 
 271 
 
 266 
    Accrued compensation and benefits
 
 376 
 
 337 
    Regulatory balancing accounts – overcollected
 
 91 
 
 141 
    Current portion of long-term debt
 
 1,147 
 
 725 
    Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 55 
 
 77 
    Customer deposits
 
 154 
 
 143 
    Reserve for wildfire litigation
 
 63 
 
 305 
    Other
 
 452 
 
 608 
        Total current liabilities
 
 4,369 
 
 4,258 
Long-term debt ($325 and $335 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively,
 
 
 
 
      related to VIE)
 
 11,253 
 
 11,621 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred credits and other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
    Customer advances for construction
 
 155 
 
 144 
    Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations, net of plan assets
 
 667 
 
 1,456 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 2,804 
 
 2,100 
    Deferred investment tax credits
 
 42 
 
 46 
    Regulatory liabilities arising from removal obligations
 
 2,623 
 
 2,720 
    Asset retirement obligations
 
 2,084 
 
 2,033 
    Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 228 
 
 252 
    Deferred credits and other
 
 1,169 
 
 1,107 
        Total deferred credits and other liabilities
 
 9,772 
 
 9,858 
Contingently redeemable preferred stock of subsidiary
 
 ― 
 
 79 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity:
 
 
 
 
    Preferred stock (50 million shares authorized; none issued)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Common stock (750 million shares authorized; 244 million and 242 million
 
 
 
 
        shares outstanding at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively; no par value)
 
 2,409 
 
 2,217 
    Retained earnings
 
 8,827 
 
 8,441 
    Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 (228)
 
 (376)
        Total Sempra Energy shareholders’ equity
 
 11,008 
 
 10,282 
    Preferred stock of subsidiary
 
 20 
 
 20 
    Other noncontrolling interests
 
 822 
 
 381 
        Total equity
 
 11,850 
 
 10,683 
Total liabilities and equity
$ 
 37,244 
$ 
 36,499 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net income
$ 
 1,088 
$ 
 920 
$ 
 1,381 
    Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
         Depreciation and amortization
 
 1,113 
 
 1,090 
 
 976 
         Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits
 
 334 
 
 (43)
 
 3 
         Gain on sale of assets
 
 (114)
 
 (7)
 
 ― 
         Loss from plant closure
 
 200 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
         Equity (earnings) losses
 
 (55)
 
 324 
 
 (61)
         Remeasurement of equity method investments
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (277)
         Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 (21)
 
 (26)
 
 2 
         Other
 
 13 
 
 41 
 
 (15)
    Net change in other working capital components
 
 (620)
 
 (630)
 
 (224)
    Distributions from RBS Sempra Commodities LLP
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 53 
    Changes in other assets
 
 (171)
 
 219 
 
 34 
    Changes in other liabilities
 
 17 
 
 130 
 
 (5)
        Net cash provided by operating activities
 
 1,784 
 
 2,018 
 
 1,867 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Expenditures for property, plant and equipment
 
 (2,572)
 
 (2,956)
 
 (2,844)
    Proceeds from sale of assets and investments
 
 570 
 
 74 
 
 2 
    Expenditures for investments and acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
 
 (22)
 
 (445)
 
 (941)
    Proceeds from U.S. Treasury grants
 
 238 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Distributions from RBS Sempra Commodities LLP
 
 50 
 
 ― 
 
 570 
    Distributions from other investments
 
 102 
 
 207 
 
 64 
    Purchases of nuclear decommissioning and other trust assets
 
 (697)
 
 (738)
 
 (755)
    Proceeds from sales by nuclear decommissioning and other trusts
 
 695 
 
 733 
 
 753 
    Decrease in restricted cash
 
 329 
 
 196 
 
 653 
    Increase in restricted cash
 
 (356)
 
 (218)
 
 (541)
    Advances to unconsolidated affiliates
 
 (14)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Other
 
 (12)
 
 (11)
 
 (31)
        Net cash used in investing activities
 
 (1,689)
 
 (3,158)
 
 (3,070)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Common dividends paid
 
 (606)
 
 (550)
 
 (440)
    Redemption of preferred stock of subsidiaries
 
 (82)
 
 ― 
 
 (80)
    Preferred dividends paid by subsidiaries
 
 (5)
 
 (6)
 
 (8)
    Issuances of common stock
 
 62 
 
 78 
 
 28 
    Repurchases of common stock
 
 (45)
 
 (16)
 
 (18)
    Issuances of debt (maturities greater than 90 days)
 
 2,081 
 
 3,097 
 
 2,098 
    Payments on debt (maturities greater than 90 days)
 
 (1,788)
 
 (1,112)
 
 (482)
    Proceeds from sale of noncontrolling interest, net of $25 in offering costs
 
 574 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Increase (decrease) in short-term debt, net
 
 256 
 
 (47)
 
 (498)
    Purchase of noncontrolling interests
 
 ― 
 
 (7)
 
 (43)
    Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 (69)
 
 (61)
 
 (16)
    Other
 
 (40)
 
 (21)
 
 (7)
        Net cash provided by financing activities
 
 338 
 
 1,355 
 
 534 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
 
 (4)
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
 429 
 
 223 
 
 (660)
Cash and cash equivalents, January 1
 
 475 
 
 252 
 
 912 
Cash and cash equivalents, December 31
$ 
 904 
$ 
 475 
$ 
 252 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
CHANGES IN OTHER WORKING CAPITAL COMPONENTS
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Excluding cash and cash equivalents, and debt due within one year)
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Accounts and notes receivable
$ 
 (273)
$ 
 36 
$ 
 (32)
    Income taxes, net
 
 (38)
 
 (29)
 
 269 
    Inventories
 
 116 
 
 (78)
 
 (84)
    Regulatory balancing accounts
 
 (198)
 
 (291)
 
 (150)
    Regulatory assets and liabilities
 
 1 
 
 (6)
 
 (2)
    Other current assets
 
 15 
 
 180 
 
 295 
    Accounts and notes payable
 
 (28)
 
 3 
 
 60 
    Other current liabilities
 
 (215)
 
 (445)
 
 (580)
        Net change in other working capital components
$ 
 (620)
$ 
 (630)
$ 
 (224)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest payments, net of amounts capitalized
$ 
 544 
$ 
 458 
$ 
 440 
    Income tax payments, net of refunds
 
 120 
 
 130 
 
 144 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Nuclear facility plant reclassified to regulatory asset, net of depreciation and amortization
$ 
 512 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
    Accrued capital expenditures
 
 437 
 
 357 
 
 368 
    Capital expenditures recoverable by U.S. Treasury grants receivable(1)
 
 3 
 
 213 
 
 ― 
    Sequestration of U.S. Treasury grants receivable
 
 (23)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Dividends declared but not paid
 
 157 
 
 150 
 
 120 
    Cancellation of debt and return of investment (industrial development bonds)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 180 
    Conversion of debt into equity
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 30 
    Financing of build-to-suit property
 
 14 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Acquisition of businesses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Assets acquired
$ 
 13 
$ 
 29 
$ 
 2,833 
        Cash paid, net of cash acquired
 
 (11)
 
 (19)
 
 (611)
        Fair value of equity method investments immediately prior to the acquisition
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (882)
        Fair value of noncontrolling interests
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (279)
        Additional consideration accrued
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (32)
        Liabilities assumed
$ 
 2 
$ 
 10 
$ 
 1,029 
(1)
Cash grants; the 2012 amount excludes $45 million previously recorded in 2011 as investment tax credits.
 
 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compen- 
Accumulated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
sation 
Other 
Sempra  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Relating 
Compre- 
Energy 
Non- 
 
 
 
Common 
Retained 
to 
hensive 
Shareholders’ 
controlling 
Total 
 
 
Stock
Earnings
ESOP
Income (Loss)
Equity
Interests
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2010
$ 
 2,036 
$ 
 7,292 
$ 
 (8)
$ 
 (330)
$ 
 8,990 
$ 
 211 
$ 
 9,201 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 1,339 
 
 
 
 
 
 1,339 
 
 42 
 
 1,381 
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (159)
 
 (159)
 
 (30)
 
 (189)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation expense
 
 48 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 
 
 48 
Common stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 (461)
 
 
 
 
 
 (461)
 
 
 
 (461)
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 
 
 (8)
 
 
 
 
 
 (8)
 
 
 
 (8)
Issuance of common stock
 
 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 28 
Repurchases of common stock
 
 (18)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (18)
 
 
 
 (18)
Common stock released from ESOP
 
 14 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 20 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (16)
 
 (16)
Equity contributed by noncontrolling
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 36 
Acquisition of South American entities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 279 
 
 279 
Purchase of noncontrolling interests in
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    subsidiary
 
 (4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (4)
 
 (39)
 
 (43)
Redemption of preferred stock of
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   subsidiary
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (80)
 
 (80)
Balance at December 31, 2011
 
 2,104 
 
 8,162 
 
 (2)
 
 (489)
 
 9,775 
 
 403 
 
 10,178 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 865 
 
 
 
 
 
 865 
 
 55 
 
 920 
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 113 
 
 113 
 
 4 
 
 117 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation expense
 
 44 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 44 
 
 
 
 44 
Common stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 (580)
 
 
 
 
 
 (580)
 
 
 
 (580)
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 
 
 (6)
 
 
 
 
 
 (6)
 
 
 
 (6)
Issuance of common stock
 
 78 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 78 
 
 
 
 78 
Repurchases of common stock
 
 (16)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (16)
 
 
 
 (16)
Common stock released from ESOP
 
 7 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 9 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (62)
 
 (62)
Equity contributed by noncontrolling
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 8 
Purchase of noncontrolling interest in
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    subsidiary
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (7)
 
 (7)
Balance at December 31, 2012
$ 
 2,217 
$ 
 8,441 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (376)
$ 
 10,282 
$ 
 401 
$ 
 10,683 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (CONTINUED)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compen- 
Accumulated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
sation 
Other 
Sempra  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Relating 
Compre- 
Energy 
Non- 
 
 
 
Common 
Retained 
to 
hensive 
Shareholders’ 
controlling 
Total 
 
 
Stock
Earnings
ESOP
Income (Loss)
Equity
Interests
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2012
$ 
 2,217 
$ 
 8,441 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (376)
$ 
 10,282 
$ 
 401 
$ 
 10,683 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 1,009 
 
 
 
 
 
 1,009 
 
 79 
 
 1,088 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 148 
 
 148 
 
 (8)
 
 140 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based compensation expense
 
 40 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 
 
 40 
Common stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 (615)
 
 
 
 
 
 (615)
 
 
 
 (615)
Preferred dividends of subsidiaries
 
 
 
 (5)
 
 
 
 
 
 (5)
 
 
 
 (5)
Issuance of common stock
 
 62 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 62 
 
 
 
 62 
Repurchases of common stock
 
 (45)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (45)
 
 
 
 (45)
Sale of noncontrolling interests, net of
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   offering costs
 
 135 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 135 
 
 439 
 
 574 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (69)
 
 (69)
Call premium on preferred stock
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   of subsidiary
 
 
 
 (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 (3)
 
 
 
 (3)
Balance at December 31, 2013
$ 
 2,409 
$ 
 8,827 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (228)
$ 
 11,008 
$ 
 842 
$ 
 11,850 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012
2011
Operating revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Electric
$ 
 3,537 
$ 
 3,226 
$ 
 2,830 
    Natural gas
 
 529 
 
 468 
 
 543 
        Total operating revenues
 
 4,066 
 
 3,694 
 
 3,373 
Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Cost of electric fuel and purchased power
 
 1,019 
 
 892 
 
 715 
    Cost of natural gas
 
 204 
 
 151 
 
 226 
    Operation and maintenance
 
 1,157 
 
 1,154 
 
 1,072 
    Depreciation and amortization
 
 494 
 
 490 
 
 422 
    Franchise fees and other taxes
 
 210 
 
 198 
 
 183 
    Loss from plant closure
 
 200 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
        Total operating expenses
 
 3,284 
 
 2,885 
 
 2,618 
Operating income
 
 782 
 
 809 
 
 755 
Other income, net
 
 40 
 
 69 
 
 79 
Interest income
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Interest expense
 
 (197)
 
 (173)
 
 (142)
Income before income taxes
 
 626 
 
 705 
 
 692 
Income tax expense
 
 (191)
 
 (190)
 
 (237)
Net income
 
 435 
 
 515 
 
 455 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 (24)
 
 (26)
 
 (19)
Earnings
 
 411 
 
 489 
 
 436 
Call premium on preferred stock
 
 (3)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Preferred dividend requirements
 
 (4)
 
 (5)
 
 (5)
Earnings attributable to common shares
$ 
 404 
$ 
 484 
$ 
 431 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 
 
 
SDG&E Shareholder's Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pretax 
Income Tax 
Net-of-Tax 
Noncontrolling  
 
 
 
Amount
Expense
Amount
Interest (After-Tax)
Total
2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 602 
$ 
 (191)
$ 
 411 
$ 
 24 
$ 
 435 
Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 3 
 
 (1)
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
    Financial instruments
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 17 
 
 17 
    Total other comprehensive income
 
 3 
 
 (1)
 
 2 
 
 17 
 
 19 
Comprehensive income
$ 
 605 
$ 
 (192)
$ 
 413 
$ 
 41 
$ 
 454 
2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 679 
$ 
 (190)
$ 
 489 
$ 
 26 
$ 
 515 
Other comprehensive loss:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
    Financial instruments
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (11)
 
 (11)
    Total other comprehensive loss
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 (11)
 
 (12)
Comprehensive income
$ 
 678 
$ 
 (190)
$ 
 488 
$ 
 15 
$ 
 503 
2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 673 
$ 
 (237)
$ 
 436 
$ 
 19 
$ 
 455 
Other comprehensive loss:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Financial instruments
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (36)
 
 (36)
    Total other comprehensive loss
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (36)
 
 (36)
Comprehensive income (loss)
$ 
 673 
$ 
 (237)
$ 
 436 
$ 
 (17)
$ 
 419 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
    Cash and cash equivalents
$ 
 27 
$ 
 87 
    Restricted cash
 
 6 
 
 10 
    Accounts receivable – trade, net
 
 266 
 
 252 
    Accounts receivable – other, net
 
 28 
 
 21 
    Due from unconsolidated affiliates
 
 1 
 
 39 
    Income taxes receivable
 
 32 
 
 35 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 103 
 
 ― 
    Inventories
 
 86 
 
 82 
    Regulatory balancing accounts, net
 
 556 
 
 395 
    Regulatory assets arising from fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 ― 
 
 39 
    Other regulatory assets
 
 29 
 
 10 
    Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 61 
 
 41 
    Other
 
 75 
 
 76 
        Total current assets
 
 1,270 
 
 1,087 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other assets:
 
 
 
 
    Restricted cash
 
 25 
 
 22 
    Deferred taxes recoverable in rates
 
 788 
 
 718 
    Regulatory assets arising from fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 63 
 
 110 
    Regulatory assets arising from pension and other postretirement
 
 
 
 
        benefit obligations
 
 106 
 
 303 
    Other regulatory assets
 
 991 
 
 616 
    Nuclear decommissioning trusts
 
 1,034 
 
 908 
    Sundry
 
 254 
 
 117 
        Total other assets
 
 3,261 
 
 2,794 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment:
 
 
 
 
    Property, plant and equipment
 
 14,346 
 
 14,124 
    Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
 (3,500)
 
 (3,261)
        Property, plant and equipment, net ($438 and $466 at December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
              and 2012, respectively, related to VIE)
 
 10,846 
 
 10,863 
Total assets
$ 
 15,377 
$ 
 14,744 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
 

 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
    Short-term debt
$ 
 59 
$ 
 ― 
    Accounts payable
 
 420 
 
 300 
    Due to unconsolidated affiliates
 
 39 
 
 19 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 ― 
 
 26 
    Dividends and interest payable
 
 39 
 
 36 
    Accrued compensation and benefits
 
 113 
 
 129 
    Current portion of long-term debt
 
 29 
 
 16 
    Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 38 
 
 56 
    Customer deposits
 
 71 
 
 60 
    Reserve for wildfire litigation
 
 63 
 
 305 
    Other
 
 208 
 
 157 
        Total current liabilities
 
 1,079 
 
 1,104 
Long-term debt ($325 and $335 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively,
 
 
 
 
    related to VIE)
 
 4,525 
 
 4,292 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred credits and other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
    Customer advances for construction
 
 34 
 
 17 
    Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations, net of plan assets
 
 132 
 
 340 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 2,021 
 
 1,636 
    Deferred investment tax credits
 
 24 
 
 25 
    Regulatory liabilities arising from removal obligations
 
 1,403 
 
 1,603 
    Asset retirement obligations
 
 861 
 
 733 
    Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 175 
 
 209 
    Deferred credits and other
 
 404 
 
 408 
        Total deferred credits and other liabilities
 
 5,054 
 
 4,971 
Contingently redeemable preferred stock
 
 ― 
 
 79 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity:
 
 
 
 
    Common stock (255 million shares authorized; 117 million shares outstanding;
 
 
 
 
        no par value)
 
 1,338 
 
 1,338 
    Retained earnings
 
 3,299 
 
 2,895 
    Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 (9)
 
 (11)
        Total SDG&E shareholder’s equity
 
 4,628 
 
 4,222 
    Noncontrolling interest
 
 91 
 
 76 
        Total equity
 
 4,719 
 
 4,298 
Total liabilities and equity
$ 
 15,377 
$ 
 14,744 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012
2011
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net income
$ 
 435 
$ 
 515 
$ 
 455 
    Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
 
 
 
 
 
 
        operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
            Depreciation and amortization
 
 494 
 
 490 
 
 422 
            Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits
 
 171 
 
 285 
 
 290 
            Loss from plant closure
 
 200 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
            Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 (8)
 
 (12)
 
 (13)
            Other
 
 (37)
 
 (63)
 
 (68)
    Changes in other assets
 
 (150)
 
 201 
 
 33 
    Changes in other liabilities
 
 19 
 
 129 
 
 7 
    Changes in working capital components:
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Accounts receivable
 
 (40)
 
 12 
 
 6 
        Due to/from affiliates, net
 
 38 
 
 29 
 
 6 
        Inventories
 
 (14)
 
 ― 
 
 (11)
        Other current assets
 
 7 
 
 208 
 
 309 
        Income taxes
 
 (50)
 
 85 
 
 (111)
        Accounts payable
 
 50 
 
 (42)
 
 68 
        Regulatory balancing accounts
 
 (140)
 
 (322)
 
 (87)
        Interest payable
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
        Other current liabilities
 
 (260)
 
 (419)
 
 (430)
            Net cash provided by operating activities
 
 719 
 
 1,101 
 
 882 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Expenditures for property, plant and equipment
 
 (978)
 
 (1,237)
 
 (1,831)
    Purchases of nuclear decommissioning trust assets
 
 (692)
 
 (732)
 
 (748)
    Proceeds from sales by nuclear decommissioning trusts
 
 685 
 
 723 
 
 741 
    Proceeds from sale of assets
 
 11 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
    Decrease in restricted cash
 
 82 
 
 92 
 
 520 
    Increase in restricted cash
 
 (81)
 
 (81)
 
 (447)
            Net cash used in investing activities
 
 (973)
 
 (1,235)
 
 (1,764)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Capital contribution
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 200 
    Redemption of preferred stock
 
 (82)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Preferred dividends paid
 
 (5)
 
 (5)
 
 (5)
    Issuances of long-term debt
 
 450 
 
 249 
 
 598 
    Payments on long-term debt
 
 (199)
 
 (10)
 
 (10)
    Capital contribution received by Otay Mesa VIE
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 5 
    Capital distributions made by Otay Mesa VIE
 
 (26)
 
 (40)
 
 ― 
    Increase in short-term debt, net
 
 59 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Other
 
 (3)
 
 (2)
 
 (4)
          Net cash provided by financing activities
 
 194 
 
 192 
 
 784 
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
 (60)
 
 58 
 
 (98)
Cash and cash equivalents, January 1
 
 87 
 
 29 
 
 127 
Cash and cash equivalents, December 31
$ 
 27 
$ 
 87 
$ 
 29 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest payments, net of amounts capitalized
$ 
 187 
$ 
 162 
$ 
 131 
    Income tax payments (refunds), net
 
 84 
 
 (242)
 
 59 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Nuclear facility plant reclassified to regulatory asset, net of depreciation
 
 
 
 
 
 
        and amortization
$ 
 512 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
    Accrued capital expenditures
 
 182 
 
 153 
 
 187 
    Dividends declared but not paid
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 1 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 2013, 2012 and 2011 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other 
SDG&E 
 
 
 
Common 
Retained 
Comprehensive 
Shareholder’s 
Noncontrolling 
Total 
 
Stock
Earnings
Income (Loss)
Equity
Interest
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2010
$ 
 1,138 
$ 
 1,980 
$ 
 (10)
$ 
 3,108 
$ 
 113 
$ 
 3,221 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 436 
 
 
 
 436 
 
 19 
 
 455 
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (36)
 
 (36)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 (5)
 
 
 
 (5)
 
 
 
 (5)
Capital contribution
 
 200 
 
 
 
 
 
 200 
 
 
 
 200 
Equity contributed by noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 6 
Balance at December 31, 2011
 
 1,338 
 
 2,411 
 
 (10)
 
 3,739 
 
 102 
 
 3,841 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 489 
 
 
 
 489 
 
 26 
 
 515 
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (11)
 
 (12)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 (5)
 
 
 
 (5)
 
 
 
 (5)
Distributions to noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (41)
 
 (41)
Balance at December 31, 2012
 
 1,338 
 
 2,895 
 
 (11)
 
 4,222 
 
 76 
 
 4,298 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 411 
 
 
 
 411 
 
 24 
 
 435 
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 17 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 (4)
 
 
 
 (4)
 
 
 
 (4)
Distributions to noncontrolling interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (26)
 
 (26)
Call premium on preferred stock
 
 
 
 (3)
 
 
 
 (3)
 
 
 
 (3)
Balance at December 31, 2013
$ 
 1,338 
$ 
 3,299 
$ 
 (9)
$ 
 4,628 
$ 
 91 
$ 
 4,719 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating revenues
$
 3,736 
$
 3,282 
$
 3,816 
Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Cost of natural gas
 
 1,362 
 
 1,074 
 
 1,568 
    Operation and maintenance
 
 1,324 
 
 1,304 
 
 1,305 
    Depreciation and amortization
 
 383 
 
 362 
 
 331 
    Franchise fees and other taxes
 
 128 
 
 122 
 
 126 
        Total operating expenses
 
 3,197 
 
 2,862 
 
 3,330 
Operating income
 
 539 
 
 420 
 
 486 
Other income, net
 
 11 
 
 17 
 
 13 
Interest income
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
Interest expense
 
 (69)
 
 (68)
 
 (69)
Income before income taxes
 
 481 
 
 369 
 
 431 
Income tax expense
 
 (116)
 
 (79)
 
 (143)
Net income
 
 365 
 
 290 
 
 288 
Preferred dividend requirements
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
Earnings attributable to common shares
$ 
 364 
$ 
 289 
$ 
 287 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 
 
 
Pretax 
Income Tax 
Net-of-Tax 
 
 
Amount
(Expense) Benefit
Amount
2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 481 
$ 
 (116)
$ 
 365 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 (2)
 
 1 
 
 (1)
    Financial instruments
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
    Total other comprehensive income
 
 (1)
 
 1 
 
 ― 
Comprehensive income
$ 
 480 
$ 
 (115)
$ 
 365 
2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 369 
$ 
 (79)
$ 
 290 
Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 5 
 
 (3)
 
 2 
    Financial instruments
 
 2 
 
 (1)
 
 1 
    Total other comprehensive income
 
 7 
 
 (4)
 
 3 
Comprehensive income
$ 
 376 
$ 
 (83)
$ 
 293 
2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 431 
$ 
 (143)
$ 
 288 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Pension and other postretirement benefits
 
 (2)
 
 1 
 
 (1)
    Financial instruments
 
 3 
 
 (1)
 
 2 
    Total other comprehensive income
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
Comprehensive income
$ 
 432 
$ 
 (143)
$ 
 289 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
December 31, 
December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
    Cash and cash equivalents
$ 
 27 
$ 
 83 
    Accounts receivable – trade, net
 
 595 
 
 539 
    Accounts receivable – other, net
 
 97 
 
 51 
    Due from unconsolidated affiliates
 
 21 
 
 24 
    Income taxes receivable
 
 25 
 
 104 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 ― 
 
 3 
    Inventories
 
 69 
 
 151 
    Regulatory assets
 
 5 
 
 4 
    Other
 
 34 
 
 35 
        Total current assets
 
 873 
 
 994 
 
 
 
 
 
Other assets:
 
 
 
 
    Regulatory assets arising from pension obligations
 
 326 
 
 694 
    Regulatory assets arising from other postretirement benefit obligations
 
 ― 
 
 141 
    Other regulatory assets
 
 262 
 
 148 
    Other postretirement benefit assets, net of plan liabilities
 
 95 
 
 ― 
    Sundry
 
 124 
 
 77 
        Total other assets
 
 807 
 
 1,060 
 
 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment:
 
 
 
 
    Property, plant and equipment
 
 11,831 
 
 11,187 
    Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
 (4,364)
 
 (4,170)
        Property, plant and equipment, net
 
 7,467 
 
 7,017 
Total assets
$ 
 9,147 
$ 
 9,071 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)
(Dollars in millions)
 
December 31, 
December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
    Short-term debt
$ 
 42 
$ 
 ― 
    Accounts payable – trade
 
 346 
 
 383 
    Accounts payable – other
 
 79 
 
 82 
    Due to unconsolidated affiliates
 
 16 
 
 37 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 45 
 
 ― 
    Accrued compensation and benefits
 
 141 
 
 116 
    Regulatory balancing accounts, net
 
 91 
 
 141 
    Current portion of long-term debt
 
 252 
 
 4 
    Customer deposits
 
 75 
 
 76 
    Other
 
 125 
 
 124 
        Total current liabilities
 
 1,212 
 
 963 
Long-term debt
 
 1,159 
 
 1,409 
Deferred credits and other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
    Customer advances for construction
 
 108 
 
 111 
    Pension obligation, net of plan assets
 
 339 
 
 714 
    Other postretirement benefit obligations, net of plan assets
 
 ― 
 
 141 
    Regulatory liabilities arising from other postretirement benefit assets
 
 95 
 
 ― 
    Deferred income taxes
 
 993 
 
 881 
    Deferred investment tax credits
 
 18 
 
 20 
    Regulatory liabilities arising from removal obligations
 
 1,205 
 
 1,103 
    Asset retirement obligations
 
 1,182 
 
 1,238 
    Deferred credits and other
 
 287 
 
 256 
        Total deferred credits and other liabilities
 
 4,227 
 
 4,464 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
    Preferred stock
 
 22 
 
 22 
    Common stock (100 million shares authorized; 91 million shares outstanding;
 
 
 
 
        no par value)
 
 866 
 
 866 
    Retained earnings
 
 1,679 
 
 1,365 
    Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 (18)
 
 (18)
        Total shareholders’ equity
 
 2,549 
 
 2,235 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$ 
 9,147 
$ 
 9,071 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net income
$ 
 365 
$ 
 290 
$ 
 288 
    Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
 
 
 
 
 
 
        operating activities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
            Depreciation and amortization
 
 383 
 
 362 
 
 331 
            Deferred income taxes and investment tax credits
 
 117 
 
 128 
 
 130 
            Other
 
 (5)
 
 (12)
 
 (6)
    Changes in other assets
 
 (52)
 
 14 
 
 19 
    Changes in other liabilities
 
 (4)
 
 4 
 
 (7)
    Changes in working capital components:
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Accounts receivable
 
 (113)
 
 37 
 
 (57)
        Inventories
 
 82 
 
 (1)
 
 (46)
        Other current assets
 
 3 
 
 (6)
 
 5 
        Accounts payable
 
 (54)
 
 54 
 
 (7)
        Income taxes
 
 51 
 
 (83)
 
 (12)
        Due to/from affiliates, net
 
 (57)
 
 51 
 
 (18)
        Regulatory balancing accounts
 
 (58)
 
 31 
 
 (63)
        Customer deposits
 
 (1)
 
 1 
 
 2 
        Other current liabilities
 
 24 
 
 (24)
 
 (5)
            Net cash provided by operating activities
 
 681 
 
 846 
 
 554 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Expenditures for property, plant and equipment
 
 (762)
 
 (639)
 
 (683)
    Decrease (increase) in loans to affiliate, net
 
 34 
 
 (4)
 
 49 
            Net cash used in investing activities
 
 (728)
 
 (643)
 
 (634)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Common dividends paid
 
 (50)
 
 (250)
 
 (50)
    Preferred dividends paid
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
    Issuances of long-term debt
 
 ― 
 
 348 
 
 ― 
    Payments on long-term debt
 
 ― 
 
 (250)
 
 (250)
    Debt issuance costs
 
 ― 
 
 (3)
 
 ― 
    Increase in short-term debt, net
 
 42 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
            Net cash used in financing activities
 
 (9)
 
 (156)
 
 (301)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
 
 (56)
 
 47 
 
 (381)
Cash and cash equivalents, January 1
 
 83 
 
 36 
 
 417 
Cash and cash equivalents, December 31
$ 
 27 
$ 
 83 
$ 
 36 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest payments, net of amounts capitalized
$ 
 65 
$ 
 62 
$ 
 65 
    Income tax (refunds) payments, net
 
 (52)
 
 16 
 
 25 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Accrued capital expenditures
$ 
 130 
$ 
 115 
$ 
 97 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

 
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GAS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other 
Total 
 
Preferred 
Common 
Retained 
Comprehensive 
Shareholders’ 
 
Stock
Stock
Earnings
Income (Loss)
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2010
$ 
 22 
$ 
 866 
$ 
 1,089 
$ 
 (22)
$ 
 1,955 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 288 
 
 
 
 288 
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 (1)
 
 
 
 (1)
Common stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 (50)
 
 
 
 (50)
Balance at December 31, 2011
 
 22 
 
 866 
 
 1,326 
 
 (21)
 
 2,193 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 290 
 
 
 
 290 
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 (1)
 
 
 
 (1)
Common stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 (250)
 
 
 
 (250)
Balance at December 31, 2012
 
 22 
 
 866 
 
 1,365 
 
 (18)
 
 2,235 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
 
 
 
 
 365 
 
 
 
 365 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 (1)
 
 
 
 (1)
Common stock dividends declared
 
 
 
 
 
 (50)
 
 
 
 (50)
Balance at December 31, 2013
$ 
 22 
$ 
 866 
$ 
 1,679 
$ 
 (18)
$ 
 2,549 
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
 
SEMPRA ENERGY AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 

 
NOTE 1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND OTHER FINANCIAL DATA
 

 
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
 
 
Sempra Energy
 
Sempra Energy’s Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Sempra Energy, a California-based Fortune 500 energy-services holding company, and its consolidated subsidiaries and variable interest entities (VIEs). Sempra Energy’s principal operating units are
 
§  
San Diego Gas & Electric Company (SDG&E) and Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas), which are separate, reportable segments;
 
§  
Sempra International, which includes our Sempra South American Utilities and Sempra Mexico reportable segments; and
 
§  
Sempra U.S. Gas & Power, which includes our Sempra Renewables and Sempra Natural Gas reportable segments.
 
We provide descriptions of each of our segments in Note 16.
 
We refer to SDG&E and SoCalGas collectively as the California Utilities, which do not include the utilities in our Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power operating units. Sempra Global is the holding company for most of our subsidiaries that are not subject to California utility regulation. All references in these Notes to “Sempra International,” “Sempra U.S. Gas & Power” and their respective reportable segments are not intended to refer to any legal entity with the same or similar name.
 
In the first quarter of 2013, Sempra Energy’s subsidiary, Infraestructura Energética Nova, S.A.B. de C.V. (IEnova), completed a private offering in the U.S. and outside of Mexico and a concurrent public offering in Mexico of common stock. The aggregate shares of common stock sold in the offerings represent approximately 18.9 percent of IEnova’s outstanding ownership interest. IEnova is reported within the Sempra Mexico reportable segment. We discuss the offerings and IEnova in “Noncontrolling Interests – Sale of Noncontrolling Interests” below.
 
Sempra Energy uses the equity method to account for investments in affiliated companies over which we have the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control. We discuss our investments in unconsolidated entities in Notes 3 and 4.
 
 
SDG&E
 
SDG&E’s Consolidated Financial Statements include its accounts and the accounts of a VIE of which SDG&E is the primary beneficiary, as we discuss below under “Variable Interest Entities.” SDG&E’s common stock is wholly owned by Enova Corporation, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sempra Energy.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
SoCalGas’ Consolidated Financial Statements include its accounts and the de minimus accounts of inactive subsidiaries.  SoCalGas’ common stock is wholly owned by Pacific Enterprises (PE), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sempra Energy.
 
 
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 
This is a combined report of Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas. We provide separate information for SDG&E and SoCalGas as required. References in this report to “we,” “our” and “Sempra Energy Consolidated” are to Sempra Energy and its consolidated entities, unless otherwise indicated by the context. We have eliminated intercompany accounts and transactions within the consolidated financial statements of each reporting entity.
 
 
Regulated Operations
 
Sempra South American Utilities has controlling interests in two electric distribution utilities in South America. Sempra Natural Gas owns Mobile Gas Service Corporation (Mobile Gas) in southwest Alabama and Willmut Gas Company (Willmut Gas) in Mississippi, and Sempra Mexico owns Ecogas Mexico, S de RL de CV (Ecogas) in northern Mexico, all natural gas distribution utilities. The California Utilities, Sempra Natural Gas’ Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas, and Sempra Mexico’s Ecogas prepare their financial statements in accordance with the provisions of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) governing regulated operations, as we discuss below under “Regulatory Matters.” We discuss revenue recognition at our utilities in “Revenues–Utilities” below.
 
 
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of the Financial Statements
 
We have prepared our Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP. This requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes, including the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Although we believe the estimates and assumptions are reasonable, actual amounts ultimately may differ significantly from those estimates.
 
 
Subsequent Events
 
We evaluated events and transactions that occurred after December 31, 2013 through the date the financial statements were issued, and in the opinion of management, the accompanying statements reflect all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation. We discuss subsequent events further in Note 18.
 
 
REGULATORY MATTERS
 
 
Effects of Regulation
 
The accounting policies of our regulated utility subsidiaries in California, SDG&E and SoCalGas, conform with U.S. GAAP for regulated enterprises and reflect the policies of the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC).
 
The California Utilities prepare their financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP provisions governing regulated operations. Under these provisions, a regulated utility records a regulatory asset, which are generally costs that would otherwise be charged to expense, if it is probable that, through the ratemaking process, the utility will recover that asset from customers. To the extent that recovery is no longer probable, the related regulatory assets are written off. Regulatory liabilities generally represent amounts collected from customers in advance of the actual expenditure by the utility. If the actual expenditures are less than amounts previously collected from ratepayers, the excess would be refunded to customers, generally by reducing future rates. Regulatory liabilities may also arise from other transactions such as unrealized gains on fixed price contracts and other derivatives or certain deferred income tax benefits which are passed through to customers in future rates. In addition, the California Utilities record regulatory liabilities when the CPUC or the FERC requires a refund to be made to customers or has required that a gain or other transaction of net allowable costs be given to customers over future periods.
 
Determining probability of recovery requires significant judgment by management and may include, but is not limited to, consideration of:
 
§  
the nature of the event giving rise to the assessment;
 
§  
existing statutes and regulatory code;
 
§  
legal precedence;
 
§  
regulatory principles and analogous regulatory actions;
 
§  
testimony presented in regulatory hearings;
 
§  
proposed regulatory decisions;
 
§  
final regulatory orders;
 
§  
a commission-authorized mechanism established for the accumulation of costs;
 
§  
status of applications for rehearings or state court appeals;
 
§  
specific approval from a commission; and
 
§  
historical experience.
 
Our other natural gas distribution utilities, Mobile Gas, Willmut Gas and Ecogas, also apply U.S. GAAP for regulated utilities to their operations.
 
We provide information concerning regulatory assets and liabilities below in “Regulatory Balancing Accounts” and “Regulatory Assets and Liabilities” and in Notes 13 and 14.
 
 
Regulatory Balancing Accounts
 
The following table summarizes our regulatory balancing accounts at December 31.
 

SUMMARY OF REGULATORY BALANCING ACCOUNTS AT DECEMBER 31
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2013 
2012 
2013 
2012 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Overcollected
$
 (1,077)
$
 (643)
$
 (645)
$
 (340)
$
 (432)
$
 (303)
    Undercollected
 
 1,542 
 
 897 
 
 1,201 
 
 735 
 
 341 
 
 162 
Net current receivable (payable)(1)
 
 465 
 
 254 
 
 556 
 
 395 
 
 (91)
 
 (141)
Non-current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Undercollected(2)
 
 213 
 
 ― 
 
 161 
 
 ― 
 
 52 
 
 ― 
Total net receivable (payable)(1)
$
 678 
$
 254 
$
 717 
$
 395 
$
 (39)
$
 (141)
(1)
At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the net receivable at SDG&E and the net payable at SoCalGas are shown separately on Sempra Energy's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2)
Long-term undercollected balance included in Other Regulatory Assets (long-term) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Over- and under-collected regulatory balancing accounts reflect the difference between customer billings and recorded or CPUC-authorized costs, primarily commodity costs. Amounts in the balancing accounts are recoverable (receivable) or refundable (payable) in future rates, subject to CPUC approval. Balancing account treatment eliminates the impact on earnings from variances in the covered costs from authorized amounts. Absent balancing account treatment, variations in the cost of fuel supply and certain operating and maintenance costs from amounts approved by the CPUC would increase volatility in utility earnings.
 
We provide additional information about regulatory matters in Notes 13, 14 and 15.
 
Regulatory Assets and Liabilities
 
We show the details of regulatory assets and liabilities in the following table, and discuss each of them separately below.
 

REGULATORY ASSETS (LIABILITIES) AT DECEMBER 31
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
2013 
2012 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
$ 
 58 
$ 
 149 
Costs related to SONGS plant closure
 
 303 
 
 ― 
Costs related to wildfire litigation
 
 330 
 
 364 
Deferred taxes recoverable in rates
 
 788 
 
 718 
Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations
 
 106 
 
 303 
Removal obligations(1)
 
 (1,403)
 
 (1,603)
Unamortized loss on reacquired debt
 
 14 
 
 16 
Environmental costs
 
 20 
 
 16 
Legacy meters
 
 62 
 
 90 
Sunrise Powerlink fire mitigation
 
 115 
 
 117 
Other
 
 15 
 
 23 
    Total SDG&E
 
 408 
 
 193 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
Pension and other postretirement benefit obligations
 
 231 
 
 835 
Employee benefit costs
 
 51 
 
 58 
Removal obligations(1)
 
 (1,205)
 
 (1,103)
Deferred taxes recoverable in rates
 
 110 
 
 38 
Unamortized loss on reacquired debt
 
 14 
 
 17 
Environmental costs
 
 14 
 
 14 
Workers’ compensation
 
 26 
 
 27 
Other
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
    Total SoCalGas
 
 (759)
 
 (116)
Other Sempra Energy
 
 
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
 (11)
 
 3 
Sempra Mexico
 
 8 
 
 1 
    Total Other Sempra Energy
 
 (3)
 
 4 
Total Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 (354)
$ 
 81 
(1)
Related to obligations discussed below in “Asset Retirement Obligations.”

 
 
NET REGULATORY ASSETS (LIABILITIES) AS PRESENTED ON THE CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AT DECEMBER 31
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
2013 
 
2012 
 
 
Sempra 
 
 
 
Sempra 
 
 
 
 
Energy 
 
 
 
Energy 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas 
 
Consolidated 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas 
Current regulatory assets
$ 
 38 
$ 
 29 
$ 
 5 
 
$ 
 62 
$ 
 49 
$ 
 4 
Noncurrent regulatory assets(1)
 
 2,335 
 
 1,787 
 
 536 
 
 
 2,742 
 
 1,747 
 
 983 
Current regulatory liabilities(2)
 
 (7)
 
 (5)
 
 ― 
 
 
 (2)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Noncurrent regulatory liabilities(3)
 
 (2,720)
 
 (1,403)
 
 (1,300)
 
 
 (2,721)
 
 (1,603)
 
 (1,103)
Total
$ 
 (354)
$ 
 408 
$ 
 (759)
 
$ 
 81 
$ 
 193 
$ 
 (116)
(1)
Excludes long-term undercollected balancing accounts of $213 million at Sempra Energy, $161 million at SDG&E and $52 million at SoCalGas recorded in Other Regulatory Assets (long-term).
(2)
Included in Other Current Liabilities.
(3)
At December 31, 2013 and 2012, $97 million and $1 million, respectively, at Sempra Energy Consolidated is included in Deferred Credits and Other.

 
In the tables above:
 
§  
Regulatory assets arising from fixed-price contracts and other derivatives are offset by corresponding liabilities arising from purchased power and natural gas commodity and transportation contracts. The regulatory asset is increased/decreased based on changes in the fair market value of the contracts. It is also reduced as payments are made for commodities and services under these contracts.
 
§  
Regulatory assets related to the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) plant closure represent management’s estimate of what SDG&E will be allowed to recover in rates in the future associated with SDG&E’s investment in SONGS as of the plant closure date, the cost of operations since Units 2 and 3 were taken offline, and the cost of purchased replacement power, as we discuss further in Note 13.
 
§  
Regulatory assets arising from costs related to wildfire litigation are costs in excess of liability insurance coverage and amounts recovered from third parties, as we discuss in Note 14 under “Excess Wildfire Claims Cost Recovery at the CPUC” and Note 15 under “SDG&E—2007 Wildfire Litigation.”
 
§  
Deferred taxes recoverable in rates are based on current regulatory ratemaking and income tax laws. SDG&E and SoCalGas expect to recover net regulatory assets related to deferred income taxes over the lives of the assets that give rise to the accumulated deferred income tax liabilities. These net assets are included in ratebase.
 
§  
Regulatory assets/liabilities related to pension and other postretirement benefit obligations are offset by corresponding liabilities/assets and are being recovered in rates as the plans are funded.
 
§  
Regulatory assets related to unamortized losses on reacquired debt are recovered over the remaining original amortization periods of the losses on reacquired debt. These periods range from 5 months to 14 years for SDG&E and from 8 years to 12 years for SoCalGas.
 
§  
Regulatory assets related to environmental costs represent the portion of our environmental liability recognized at the end of the period in excess of the amount that has been recovered through rates charged to customers. We expect this amount to be recovered in future rates as expenditures are made.
 
§  
The regulatory asset related to the legacy meters removed from service and replaced under the Smart Meter Program is their undepreciated value. SDG&E is recovering this asset over a 4-year period in ratebase.
 
§  
The regulatory asset related to Sunrise Powerlink fire mitigation is offset by a corresponding liability for the funding of a trust to cover the mitigation costs. SDG&E expects to recover the regulatory asset in rates as the trust is funded over a 50-year period.
 
 
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
 
We apply recurring fair value measurements to certain assets and liabilities, primarily nuclear decommissioning and benefit plan trust assets and other miscellaneous derivatives. “Fair value” is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price).
 
A fair value measurement reflects the assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on the best available information. These assumptions include the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique (such as a pricing model) and the risks inherent in the inputs to the model. Also, we consider an issuer’s credit standing when measuring its liabilities at fair value.
 
We establish a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
 

Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Our Level 1 financial instruments primarily consist of listed equities, U.S. government treasury securities and exchange-traded derivatives.
 
Level 2 – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including:
 
§  
quoted forward prices for commodities
§  
time value
§  
current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments
§  
volatility factors
§  
other relevant economic measures
 
Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Our financial instruments in this category include the Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts’ investments at SDG&E and non-exchange-traded derivatives such as interest rate instruments and over-the-counter (OTC) forwards and options.
 
Level 3 – Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value from the perspective of a market participant.  All of our Level 3 financial instruments are related to congestion revenue rights (CRRs) at SDG&E.
 
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
 
Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.
 
 
RESTRICTED CASH
 
Restricted cash at Sempra Energy, including amounts at SDG&E discussed below, was $49 million and $68 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Of this, $24 million and $46 million were classified as current and $25 million and $22 million were classified as noncurrent at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
 
Sempra Renewables had restricted cash of $6 million and $35 million classified as current at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The 2013 balance primarily represents funds held in accordance with long-term debt agreements at Copper Mountain Solar 1. The 2012 balance represents funds held in accordance with long-term debt agreements at Copper Mountain Solar 1 and Mesquite Solar 1. We discuss the debt agreements further in Note 5 and in “Restricted Net Assets” below.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Mexico had restricted cash of $12 million classified as current to pay for rights of way, license fees, permits, topographic surveys and other costs pursuant to trust agreements related to a pipeline project.
 
SDG&E had $31 million and $32 million of restricted cash at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, which represents funds held by a trustee for Otay Mesa VIE (see “Variable Interest Entities—Otay Mesa VIE” below) to pay certain operating costs. Of this, $6 million and $10 million were classified as current and $25 million and $22 million were classified as noncurrent at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
 

 
COLLECTION ALLOWANCES
 
We record allowances for the collection of trade and other accounts and notes receivable which include allowances for doubtful customer accounts and for other receivables. We show the changes in these allowances in the table below:
 

COLLECTION ALLOWANCES
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowances for collection of receivables at January 1
$
 31 
$
 29 
$
 29 
Provisions for uncollectible accounts
 
 16 
 
 21 
 
 20 
Write-offs of uncollectible accounts
 
 (18)
 
 (19)
 
 (20)
Allowances for collection of receivables at December 31
$
 29 
$
 31 
$
 29 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowances for collection of receivables at January 1
$
 6 
$
 6 
$
 5 
Provisions for uncollectible accounts
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 8 
Write-offs of uncollectible accounts
 
 (5)
 
 (5)
 
 (7)
Allowances for collection of receivables at December 31
$
 5 
$
 6 
$
 6 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowances for collection of receivables at January 1
$
 14 
$
 12 
$
 14 
Provisions for uncollectible accounts
 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 8 
Write-offs of uncollectible accounts
 
 (9)
 
 (10)
 
 (10)
Allowances for collection of receivables at December 31
$
 12 
$
 14 
$
 12 

We evaluate accounts receivable collectibility using a combination of factors, including past due status based on contractual terms, trends in write-offs, the age of the receivable, counterparty creditworthiness, economic conditions and specific events, such as bankruptcies. Adjustments to the allowance for doubtful accounts are made when necessary based on the results of analysis, the aging of receivables, and historical and industry trends.
 
We write off accounts receivable in the period in which we deem the receivable to be uncollectible.  We record recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off when it is known that they will be received.
 
 
INVENTORIES
 
The California Utilities value natural gas inventory by the last-in first-out (LIFO) method. As inventories are sold, differences between the LIFO valuation and the estimated replacement cost are reflected in customer rates. Materials and supplies at the California Utilities are generally valued at the lower of average cost or market.
 
Sempra South American Utilities, Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas value natural gas inventory and materials and supplies at the lower of average cost or market. Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas value liquefied natural gas (LNG) inventory by the first-in first-out method.
 

The components of inventories by segment are as follows:
 

INVENTORY BALANCES AT DECEMBER 31
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Natural Gas 
 
LNG 
Materials and supplies 
Total 
 
 
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
2013 
2012 
2013 
2012 
SDG&E
$
 3 
$
 3 
$
 ― 
$
 ― 
$
 83 
$
 79 
$
 86 
$
 82 
SoCalGas
 
 42 
 
 128 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 27 
 
 23 
 
 69 
 
 151 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 40 
 
 34 
 
 40 
 
 34 
Sempra Mexico
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 8 
 
 12 
 
 16 
Sempra Renewables
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 3 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
 68 
 
 109 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 78 
 
 122 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$
 113 
$
 240 
$
 8 
$
 16 
$
 166 
$
 152 
$
 287 
$
 408 

 
U.S. TREASURY GRANTS RECEIVABLE
 
At December 31, 2012, we had recognized receivables for U.S. Treasury grants based on eligible costs at our Mesquite Solar 1 and Copper Mountain Solar 2 generating facilities when the projects, or portions of projects, were placed into service. During the first quarter of 2013, the federal government imposed automatic federal budget cuts, known as “sequestration,” as required by The Budget Control Act of 2011. As a result, cash grant payments to eligible taxpayers for renewable energy projects were reduced, and we recorded a reduction to our grants receivable of $23 million and a reversal of income tax benefit of $5 million during the first quarter of 2013. In June 2013, we received $74 million in cash related to the Copper Mountain Solar 2 grant. We received $164 million in cash for the remaining grant receivable for Mesquite Solar 1 in August 2013.
 
 
INCOME TAXES
 
Income tax expense includes current and deferred income taxes from operations during the year. We record deferred income taxes for temporary differences between the book and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. Investment tax credits from prior years are amortized to income by the California Utilities over the estimated service lives of the properties as required by the CPUC. At our other businesses, we reduce the book basis of the related asset by the amount of investment tax credit earned. At Sempra Renewables, production tax credits are recognized in income tax expense as earned.
 
The California Utilities, Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas recognize
 
§  
regulatory assets to offset deferred tax liabilities if it is probable that the amounts will be recovered from customers; and
 
§  
regulatory liabilities to offset deferred tax assets if it is probable that the amounts will be returned to customers.
 
Other than local country withholding tax on current Peruvian earnings, we currently do not record deferred income taxes for basis differences between financial statement and income tax investment amounts in non-U.S. subsidiaries and non-U.S. joint ventures because their cumulative undistributed earnings are indefinitely reinvested.
 
When there are uncertainties related to potential income tax benefits, in order to qualify for recognition, the position we take has to have at least a “more likely than not” chance of being sustained (based on the position’s technical merits) upon challenge by the respective authorities. The term “more likely than not” means a likelihood of more than 50 percent. Otherwise, we may not recognize any of the potential tax benefit associated with the position. We recognize a benefit for a tax position that meets the “more likely than not” criterion at the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon its effective resolution.
 
Unrecognized tax benefits involve management’s judgment regarding the likelihood of the benefit being sustained. The final resolution of uncertain tax positions could result in adjustments to recorded amounts and may affect our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
 
We provide additional information about income taxes in Note 6.
 
 
GREENHOUSE GAS ALLOWANCES
 
The California Utilities, Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas supply power into the California Independent System Operator (ISO) grid and are, therefore, required by California Assembly Bill 32 to acquire greenhouse gas allowances for every metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent emitted into the atmosphere during generation. We account for greenhouse gas allowances as inventory, measured at the lower of weighted average cost or market, and include them in Other Current Assets and Sundry on the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the dates that they are required to be surrendered. We measure the compliance obligation, which is based on emissions, at the carrying value of allowances held plus the fair value of additional allowances necessary to satisfy the obligation. We include the obligation in Other Current Liabilities and Deferred Credits on the Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the dates that the allowances will be surrendered. We remove the assets and liabilities from the balance sheets as the allowances are surrendered.
 
The California Utilities expect that all costs and revenues associated with the greenhouse gas program will be recorded through Regulatory Balancing Accounts on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
 
RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFICATES
 
Renewable energy certificates (RECs) represent property rights established by governmental agencies for the environmental, social, and other nonpower qualities of renewable electricity generation. A REC, and its associated attributes and benefits, can be sold separately from the underlying physical electricity associated with a renewable-based generation source in certain markets.
 
Retail sellers of electricity obtain RECs through renewable power purchase agreements, internal generation or separate purchases in the market to comply with renewable portfolio standards established by the governmental agencies. RECs are the mechanism used to verify renewable portfolio standards compliance. The cost of RECs is recorded in Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power, which is recoverable in rates, on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
 
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
 
Property, plant and equipment primarily represents the buildings, equipment and other facilities used by the California Utilities to provide natural gas and electric utility services, and by Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power, including construction work in progress at these operating units. Property, plant and equipment also includes lease improvements and other equipment at Parent, as well as property acquired under a build-to-suit lease included in construction work in progress.
 
Our plant costs include
 
§  
labor
 
§  
materials and contract services
 
§  
expenditures for replacement parts incurred during a major maintenance outage of a generating plant
 
In addition, the cost of our utility plant and selected non-utility regulated projects in Mexico include an allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC). We discuss AFUDC below. The cost of non-utility plant includes capitalized interest.
 
Maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.  The cost of most retired depreciable utility plant minus salvage value is charged to accumulated depreciation.
 
We discuss assets pledged as security for loans in Note 5.
 


PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT BY MAJOR FUNCTIONAL CATEGORY
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Property, Plant 
 
 
 
 
and Equipment at 
 
Depreciation rates for 
 
 
December 31, 
 
years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Natural gas operations
$ 
 1,454 
$ 
 1,406 
 
 2.35 
% 
 3.20 
% 
 3.15 
% 
    Electric distribution
 
 5,492 
 
 5,217 
 
 3.36 
 
 4.15 
 
 4.13 
 
    Electric transmission(1)
 
 3,932 
 
 3,714 
 
 2.58 
 
 2.63 
 
 2.74 
 
    Electric generation(2)
 
 1,768 
 
 2,242 
 
 3.76 
 
 4.68 
 
 4.92 
 
    Other electric(3)
 
 759 
 
 679 
 
 7.58 
 
 7.92 
 
 8.26 
 
    Construction work in progress(1)
 
 941 
 
 866 
 
NA 
 
NA 
 
NA 
 
        Total SDG&E
 
 14,346 
 
 14,124 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Natural gas operations(4)
 
 11,394 
 
 10,756 
 
 3.70 
 
 3.74 
 
 3.62 
 
    Other non-utility
 
 118 
 
 129 
 
 1.56 
 
 1.36 
 
 1.62 
 
    Construction work in progress
 
 319 
 
 302 
 
NA 
 
NA 
 
NA 
 
        Total SoCalGas
 
 11,831 
 
 11,187 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Estimated 
Weighted Average 
Other operating units and parent(5):
 
 
 
 
 
Useful Lives 
Useful Life 
    Land and land rights
 
 276 
 
 298 
 
20 to 50 years(6) 
47 
    Machinery and equipment:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Utility electric distribution operations
 
 1,440 
 
 1,459 
 
10 to 46 years 
40 
        Generating plants
 
 993 
 
 1,568 
 
3 to 35 years 
31 
        LNG terminals
 
 2,094 
 
 2,061 
 
3 to 50 years 
46 
        Pipelines and storage
 
 1,638 
 
 1,634 
 
3 to 50 years 
42 
        Other
 
 212 
 
 241 
 
1 to 47 years 
13 
    Construction work in progress
 
 1,283 
 
 692 
 
NA 
NA 
    Other
 
 294 
 
 264 
 
2 to 80 years 
29 
 
 
 8,230 
 
 8,217 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Total Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 34,407 
$ 
 33,528 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
At December 31, 2013, includes $350 million in electric transmission assets and $5 million in construction work in progress related to SDG&E's 91-percent interest in the Southwest Powerlink (SWPL) transmission line, jointly owned by SDG&E with other utilities. SDG&E, and each of the other owners, holds its undivided interest as a tenant in common in the property. Each owner is responsible for its share of the project and participates in decisions concerning operations and capital expenditures.
(2)
Includes capital lease assets of $183 million at both December 31, 2013 and 2012, primarily related to variable interest entities of which SDG&E is not the primary beneficiary.
(3)
Includes capital lease assets of $23 million at both December 31, 2013 and 2012.
(4)
Includes capital lease assets of $33 million and $32 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
(5)
December 31, 2013 balances include $155 million, $180 million and $22 million of utility plant, primarily pipelines and other distribution assets, at Ecogas, Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas, respectively. December 31, 2012 balances include $144 million, $171 million and $18 million of utility plant, primarily pipelines and other distribution assets, at Ecogas, Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas, respectively.
(6)
Estimated useful lives are for land rights.

Depreciation expense is based on the straight-line method over the useful lives of the assets or, for the California Utilities, a shorter period prescribed by the CPUC. Depreciation expense is computed using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated original composite useful life, the CPUC-prescribed period or the remaining term of the site leases, whichever is shortest.
 

The accumulated depreciation and decommissioning amounts on our Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:
 

ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION AND DECOMMISSIONING AMOUNTS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
    Accumulated depreciation and decommissioning of utility plant in service:
 
 
 
 
        Electric(1)
$ 
 2,861 
$ 
 2,660 
        Natural gas
 
 639 
 
 601 
            Total SDG&E
 
 3,500 
 
 3,261 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
    Accumulated depreciation of natural gas utility plant in service(2)
 
 4,279 
 
 4,067 
    Accumulated depreciation – other non-utility
 
 85 
 
 103 
            Total SoCalGas
 
 4,364 
 
 4,170 
Other operating units and parent:
 
 
 
 
    Accumulated depreciation – other(3)
 
 938 
 
 806 
    Accumulated depreciation of utility electric distribution operations
 
 145 
 
 100 
 
 
 
 1,083 
 
 906 
Total Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 8,947 
$ 
 8,337 
(1)
Includes accumulated depreciation for assets under capital lease of $26 million and $21 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Includes $199 million related to SDG&E's 91-percent interest in the SWPL transmission line, jointly owned by SDG&E and other utilities.
(2)
Includes accumulated depreciation for assets under capital lease of $31 million and $28 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
(3)
December 31, 2013 balances include $38 million, $25 million and $2 million of accumulated depreciation for utility plant at  Ecogas, Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas, respectively. December 31, 2012 balances include $34 million, $21 million and $1 million of accumulated depreciation for utility plant at Ecogas, Mobile Gas and Willmut Gas, respectively.

The California Utilities finance their construction projects with borrowed funds and equity funds. The CPUC and the FERC allow the recovery of the cost of these funds by the capitalization of AFUDC, calculated using rates authorized by the CPUC and the FERC, as a cost component of property, plant and equipment. The California Utilities earn a return on the capitalized AFUDC after the utility property is placed in service and recover the AFUDC from their customers over the expected useful lives of the assets.
 
Pipeline projects currently under construction by Sempra Mexico that are both regulated by the Comisión Reguladora de Energía (or CRE, the Energy Regulatory Commission) and meet U.S. GAAP regulatory accounting requirements record the impact of AFUDC related to equity. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2013, Sempra Mexico began recording AFUDC equity for its Sonora Pipeline project.
 
Sempra International and Sempra U.S. Gas & Power businesses capitalize interest costs incurred to finance capital projects.  The California Utilities also capitalize certain interest costs.
 


CAPITALIZED FINANCING COSTS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    AFUDC related to debt
$ 
 22 
$ 
 38 
$ 
 40 
    AFUDC related to equity
 
 75 
 
 96 
 
 99 
    Other capitalized financing costs
 
 22 
 
 52 
 
 26 
        Total Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 119 
$ 
 186 
$ 
 165 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    AFUDC related to debt
$ 
 16 
$ 
 30 
$ 
 33 
    AFUDC related to equity
 
 39 
 
 71 
 
 80 
        Total SDG&E
$ 
 55 
$ 
 101 
$ 
 113 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    AFUDC related to debt
$ 
 6 
$ 
 8 
$ 
 7 
    AFUDC related to equity
 
 17 
 
 25 
 
 19 
    Other capitalized financing costs
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
        Total SoCalGas
$ 
 24 
$ 
 34 
$ 
 26 

 
ASSETS HELD FOR SALE
 
We classify assets as held for sale when management approves and commits to a formal plan to actively market an asset for sale and we expect the sale to close within the next twelve months. Upon classifying an asset as held for sale, we record the asset at the lower of its carrying value or its estimated fair value reduced for selling costs, and we stop recording depreciation expense on the asset.
 
At December 31, 2013, there are no assets classified as held for sale. We discuss assets held for sale further in Note 18.
 
In December 2012, management approved a formal plan and executed an agreement to sell one 625-megawatt (MW) block of Sempra Natural Gas’ Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant in Arizona to Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District. In February 2013, the asset was sold for $371 million in cash.
 
At December 31, 2012, the carrying amount of the major classes of assets and related liability held for sale associated with the plant included the following:
 

(Dollars in millions)
2012 
Property, plant, and equipment, net
$ 
 292 
Inventories
 
 4 
   Total assets held for sale
 
 296 
Liability held for sale - asset retirement obligation(1)
 
 (5)
   Total
$ 
 291 
(1)
Included in Other Current Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

For the year ended December 31, 2012, there was no impairment of the assets held for sale as the estimated fair value less costs to sell exceeded the carrying amount.
 
 
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 
 
Goodwill
 
Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets of acquired companies measured at the time of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually on October 1 or whenever events or changes in circumstances necessitate an evaluation. Impairment of goodwill occurs when the carrying amount (book value) of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value, and the book value of goodwill is greater than its fair value on the test date, we record a goodwill impairment loss.
 
For our annual goodwill impairment testing, under current U.S. GAAP guidance we have the option to first make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount before applying the two-step, quantitative goodwill impairment test. If we elect to perform the qualitative assessment, we evaluate relevant events and circumstances, including but not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, changes in key personnel and the overall financial performance of the reporting unit. If, after assessing these qualitative factors, we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then we perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. When we perform the two-step, quantitative goodwill impairment test, we exercise judgment to develop estimates of the fair value of the reporting unit and the corresponding goodwill. Our fair value estimates are developed from the perspective of a knowledgeable market participant. We consider observable transactions in the marketplace for similar investments, if available, as well as an income-based approach such as discounted cash flow analysis. A discounted cash flow analysis may be based directly on anticipated future revenues and expenses and may be performed based on free cash flows generated within the reporting unit. Critical assumptions that affect our estimates of fair value may include
 
§  
consideration of market transactions
 
§  
future cash flows
 
§  
the appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate
 
§  
country risk
 
§  
entity risk
 
Goodwill included on the Sempra Energy Consolidated Balance Sheets is as follows:
 

GOODWILL
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
South American 
Sempra 
 
Sempra 
 
 
 
 
 
Utilities 
 
Mexico 
 
Natural Gas 
 
Total 
Balance at December 31, 2011
$ 
 949 
$ 
 25 
$ 
 62 
$ 
 1,036 
Acquisition of subsidiary
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 10 
 
 10 
Foreign currency translation(1)
 
 65 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 65 
Balance at December 31, 2012
 
 1,014 
 
 25 
 
 72 
 
 1,111 
Foreign currency translation(1)
 
 (87)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (87)
Balance at December 31, 2013
$ 
 927 
$ 
 25 
$ 
 72 
$ 
 1,024 
(1)
We record the offset of this fluctuation to other comprehensive income.
 
 
 

Sempra Natural Gas recorded goodwill of $10 million in connection with the acquisition of Willmut Gas Company in May 2012.
 
We provide additional information concerning goodwill related to our equity method investments and the impairment of investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries in Note 4.
 
 
Other Intangible Assets
 
Sempra Natural Gas recorded $460 million of intangible assets in connection with the acquisition of EnergySouth, Inc. in 2008. These intangible assets represent storage and development rights related to the natural gas storage facilities of Bay Gas Storage Company, Ltd. (Bay Gas) and Mississippi Hub, LLC (Mississippi Hub) and were recorded at estimated fair value as of the date of the acquisition using discounted cash flows analysis. Our assumptions in determining fair value included estimated future cash flows, the estimated useful life of the intangible assets and appropriate discount rates. We are amortizing these intangible assets over their estimated useful lives as shown in the table below.
 

Other Intangible Assets included on the Sempra Energy Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:
 

OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization period
December 31, 
 
(years)
2013 
2012 
Storage rights
46 
$ 
 138 
$ 
 138 
Development rights
50 
 
 322 
 
 322 
Other
15 years to indefinite
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 479 
 
 479 
Less accumulated amortization:
 
 
 
 
 
Storage rights
 
 
 (16)
 
 (13)
Development rights
 
 
 (34)
 
 (27)
Other
 
 
 (3)
 
 (3)
 
 
 
 (53)
 
 (43)
 
 
$ 
 426 
$ 
 436 

Amortization expense for such intangible assets was $10 million in each of 2013, 2012 and 2011. We estimate the amortization expense for the next five years to be $10 million per year.
 
 
LONG-LIVED ASSETS
 
We test long-lived assets for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances have occurred that may affect the recoverability or the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets. Long-lived assets include intangible assets subject to amortization, but do not include investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries. Events or changes in circumstances that indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable may include
 
§  
significant decreases in the market price of an asset
 
§  
a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which we use an asset or in its physical condition
 
§  
a significant adverse change in legal or regulatory factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of an asset
 
§  
a current period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection of continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset
 
§  
a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life
 
Impairment of long-lived assets occurs when the estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets. If that comparison indicates that the assets’ carrying value may not be recoverable, the impairment is measured based on the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the assets. This evaluation is performed at the lowest level for which separately identifiable cash flows exist.
 
 
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (VIE)
 
We consolidate a VIE if we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE. Our determination of whether we are the primary beneficiary is based upon qualitative and quantitative analyses, which assess
 
§  
the purpose and design of the VIE;
 
§  
the nature of the VIE’s risks and the risks we absorb;
 
§  
the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE; and
 
§  
the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits that could be significant to the VIE.
 

 
SDG&E
 
Tolling Agreements
 
SDG&E has agreements under which it purchases power generated by facilities for which it supplies all of the natural gas to fuel the power plant (i.e., tolling agreements).  SDG&E’s obligation to absorb natural gas costs may be a significant variable interest.  In addition, SDG&E has the power to direct the dispatch of electricity generated by these facilities. Based upon our analysis, the ability to direct the dispatch of electricity may have the most significant impact on the economic performance of the entity owning the generating facility because of the associated exposure to the cost of natural gas, which fuels the plants, and the value of electricity produced. To the extent that SDG&E (1) is obligated to purchase and provide fuel to operate the facility, (2) has the power to direct the dispatch, and (3) purchases all of the output from the facility for a substantial portion of the facility’s useful life, SDG&E may be the primary beneficiary of the entity owning the generating facility. SDG&E determines if it is the primary beneficiary in these cases based on a qualitative approach in which we consider the operational characteristics of the facility, including its expected power generation output relative to its capacity to generate and the financial structure of the entity, among other factors. If we determine that SDG&E is the primary beneficiary, SDG&E and Sempra Energy consolidate the entity that owns the facility as a VIE, as we discuss below.
 
Otay Mesa VIE
 
SDG&E has an agreement to purchase power generated at the Otay Mesa Energy Center (OMEC), a 605-MW generating facility. In addition to tolling, the agreement provides SDG&E with the option to purchase the power plant at the end of the contract term in 2019, or upon earlier termination of the purchased-power agreement, at a predetermined price subject to adjustments based on performance of the facility. If SDG&E does not exercise its option, under certain circumstances, it may be required to purchase the power plant at a predetermined price, which we refer to as the put option.
 
The facility owner, Otay Mesa Energy Center LLC (OMEC LLC), is a VIE (Otay Mesa VIE), of which SDG&E is the primary beneficiary.  SDG&E has no OMEC LLC voting rights and does not operate OMEC. In addition to the risks absorbed under the tolling agreement, SDG&E absorbs separately through the put option a significant portion of the risk that the value of Otay Mesa VIE could decline. SDG&E and Sempra Energy have consolidated Otay Mesa VIE since the second quarter of 2007. Otay Mesa VIE’s equity of $91 million at December 31, 2013 and $76 million at December 31, 2012 is included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets in Other Noncontrolling Interests for Sempra Energy and in Noncontrolling Interest for SDG&E.
 
OMEC LLC has a loan outstanding of $335 million at December 31, 2013, the proceeds of which were used for the construction of OMEC. The loan is with third party lenders and is secured by OMEC’s property, plant and equipment. SDG&E is not a party to the loan agreement and does not have any additional implicit or explicit financial responsibility to OMEC LLC. The loan fully matures in April 2019 and bears interest at rates varying with market rates. In addition, OMEC LLC has entered into interest rate swap agreements to moderate its exposure to interest rate changes. We provide additional information concerning the interest rate swaps in Note 9.
 
 
Other Variable Interest Entities
 
SDG&E’s power procurement is subject to reliability requirements that may require SDG&E to enter into various power purchase arrangements which include variable interests. SDG&E evaluates the respective entities to determine if variable interests exist and, based on the qualitative and quantitative analyses described above, if SDG&E, and thereby Sempra Energy, is the primary beneficiary. SDG&E has determined that no contracts, other than the one relating to Otay Mesa VIE mentioned above, result in SDG&E being the primary beneficiary at December 31, 2013. In addition to the tolling agreements described above, other variable interests involve various elements of fuel and power costs, including certain construction costs, tax credits, and other components of cash flow expected to be paid to or received by our counterparties. In most of these cases, the expectation of variability is not substantial, and SDG&E generally does not have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the other VIEs. If our ongoing evaluation of these VIEs were to conclude that SDG&E becomes the primary beneficiary and consolidation by SDG&E becomes necessary, the effects are not expected to significantly affect the financial position, results of operations, or liquidity of SDG&E. In addition, SDG&E is not exposed to losses or gains as a result of these other VIEs, because all such variability would be recovered in rates.
 
Sempra Energy’s other operating units also enter into arrangements which could include variable interests. We evaluate these arrangements and applicable entities based upon the qualitative and quantitative analyses described above. Certain of these entities are service companies that are VIEs. As the primary beneficiary of these service companies, we consolidate them. In all other cases, we have determined that these contracts are not variable interests in a VIE and therefore are not subject to the U.S. GAAP requirements concerning the consolidation of VIEs.
 

The Consolidated Financial Statements of Sempra Energy and SDG&E include the following amounts associated with Otay Mesa VIE. The amounts are net of eliminations of transactions between SDG&E and Otay Mesa VIE. The financial statements of other consolidated VIEs are not material to the financial statements of Sempra Energy. The captions on the tables below correspond to SDG&E’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 

AMOUNTS ASSOCIATED WITH OTAY MESA VIE
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
December 31, 
 
 
 
2013 
2012
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 
 17 
$ 
 8 
Restricted cash
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 10 
Inventories
 
 2 
 
 2 
Other
 
 1 
 
 1 
    Total current assets
 
 26 
 
 21 
Restricted cash
 
 
 
 
 
 25 
 
 22 
Sundry
 
 4 
 
 5 
Property, plant and equipment, net
 
 438 
 
 466 
    Total assets
$ 
 493 
$ 
 514 
 
 
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$ 
 10 
$ 
 10 
Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 16 
 
 17 
Other
 
 19 
 
 8 
    Total current liabilities
 
 45 
 
 35 
Long-term debt
 
 325 
 
 335 
Fixed-price contracts and other derivatives
 
 39 
 
 64 
Deferred credits and other
 
 (7)
 
 4 
Other noncontrolling interest
 
 91 
 
 76 
    Total liabilities and equity
$ 
 493 
$ 
 514 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011
Operating expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Cost of electric fuel and purchased power
$ 
 (91)
$ 
 (83)
$ 
 (72)
    Operation and maintenance
 24 
 
 19 
 
 19 
    Depreciation and amortization
 
 
 
 28 
 
 26 
 
 22 
        Total operating expenses
 
 
 
 (39)
 
 (38)
 
 (31)
Operating income
 
 
 
 39 
 
 38 
 
 31 
Other expense, net
 
 
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
Interest expense
 
 
 
 (15)
 
 (11)
 
 (11)
Income before income taxes/Net income
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 19 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 (24)
 
 (26)
 
 (19)
    Earnings
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
 
 
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS
 
For tangible long-lived assets, we record asset retirement obligations for the present value of liabilities of future costs expected to be incurred when assets are retired from service, if the retirement process is legally required and if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. We also record a liability if a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement exists and can be reasonably estimated, but performance is conditional upon a future event. We record the estimated retirement cost over the life of the related asset by depreciating the present value of the obligation (measured at the time of the asset’s acquisition) and accreting the discount until the liability is settled. Rate-regulated entities record regulatory assets or liabilities as a result of the timing difference between the recognition of costs in accordance with U.S. GAAP and costs recovered through the rate-making process. We have recorded a regulatory liability to show that the California Utilities have collected funds from customers more quickly and for larger amounts than we would accrete the retirement liability and depreciate the asset in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
 
We have recorded asset retirement obligations related to various assets, including:
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas
 
§  
fuel and storage tanks
 
§  
natural gas distribution systems
 
§  
hazardous waste storage facilities
 
§  
asbestos-containing construction materials
 
SDG&E
 
§  
decommissioning of nuclear power facilities
 
§  
electric distribution and transmission systems
 
§  
site restoration of a former power plant
 
§  
power generation plant (natural gas)
 
SoCalGas
 
§  
natural gas transmission pipelines
 
§  
underground natural gas storage facilities and wells
 
Sempra Mexico
 
§  
power generation plant (natural gas)
 
§  
natural gas distribution and transportation systems
 
§  
LNG terminal
 
Sempra Renewables
 
§  
certain power generation plants (solar)
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
§  
power generation plant (natural gas)
 
§  
natural gas distribution and transportation systems
 
§  
underground natural gas storage facilities
 
 
The changes in asset retirement obligations are as follows:
 

CHANGES IN ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
SDG&E 
 
SoCalGas 
 
 
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
Balance as of January 1(1)
$ 
 2,056 
$ 
 1,925 
 
$ 
 741 
$ 
 698 
 
$ 
 1,253 
$ 
 1,175 
Accretion expense
 
 97 
 
 92 
 
 
 45 
 
 42 
 
 
 49 
 
 48 
Liabilities incurred
 
 4 
 
 21 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Reclassification(2)
 
 ― 
 
 (5)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Payments
 
 (49)
 
 (2)
 
 
 (48)
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
Revisions, GRC-related(3)
 
 (135)
 
 ― 
 
 
 (30)
 
 ― 
 
 
 (105)
 
 ― 
Revisions, other(4)
 
 179 
 
 25 
 
 
 205 
 
 1 
 
 
 2 
 
 31 
Balance as of December 31(1)
$ 
 2,152 
$ 
 2,056 
 
$ 
 913 
$ 
 741 
 
$ 
 1,199 
$ 
 1,253 
(1)
The current portions of the obligations are included in Other Current Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2)
Reclassification to liability held for sale - asset retirement obligation which is included in Other Current Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as we discuss in "Assets Held for Sale" above.
(3)
The decreases in asset retirement obligations in 2013 at SDG&E and SoCalGas are due to revised estimates related to the 2012 General Rate Case (GRC) that received final approval in May 2013. At SDG&E, these revisions included increases in asset service lives ranging from 2 percent to 7 percent, and lower estimated cost of removal. At SoCalGas, the decrease includes increases in asset service lives ranging from 4 percent to 6 percent, partially offset by a higher estimated cost of removal.
(4)
The increase in asset retirement obligations in 2013 at SDG&E is due to revised estimates recorded in the third quarter of 2013 related to the early decommissioning of SONGS Units 2 and 3 (see Note 13).
 
 
CONTINGENCIES
 
We accrue losses for the estimated impacts of various conditions, situations or circumstances involving uncertain outcomes. For loss contingencies, we accrue the loss if an event has occurred on or before the balance sheet date and:
 
§  
information available through the date we file our financial statements indicates it is probable that a loss has been incurred, given the likelihood of uncertain future events; and
 
§  
the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.
 
We do not accrue contingencies that might result in gains. We continuously assess contingencies for litigation claims, environmental remediation and other events.
 
 
LEGAL FEES
 
Legal fees that are associated with a past event for which a liability has been recorded are accrued when it is probable that fees also will be incurred.
 
 
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 
Comprehensive income includes all changes in the equity of a business enterprise (except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners), including:
 
§  
foreign currency translation adjustments
 
§  
changes in unamortized net actuarial gain or loss and prior service cost related to pension and other postretirement benefits plans
 
§  
unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities
 
§  
certain hedging activities
 
The Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income show the changes in the components of other comprehensive income (OCI), including the amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests. The following tables present the changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (AOCI) by component, and amounts reclassified out of AOCI to net income, excluding amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 


CHANGES IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) BY COMPONENT(1)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
Pension and Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Postretirement Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign 
 
 
 
 
 
Total 
 
 
Currency 
Unamortized 
Unamortized 
 
Accumulated Other 
 
 
Translation 
Net Actuarial 
Prior Service 
Financial 
Comprehensive 
 
 
Adjustments
Gain (Loss)
Credit (Cost)
Instruments
Income (Loss)
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2012
$ 
 (240)
$ 
 (102)
$ 
 1 
$ 
 (35)
$ 
 (376)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   reclassifications
 
 (159)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 (157)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   comprehensive income
 
 270 
(2)
 29 
 
 (1)
 
 7 
 
 305 
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 111 
 
 29 
 
 (1)
 
 9 
 
 148 
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$ 
 (129)
$ 
 (73)
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (26)
$ 
 (228)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2012
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (12)
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (11)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   comprehensive income
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
Net other comprehensive income
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (10)
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (9)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of December 31, 2012
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (4)
$ 
 1 
$ 
 (15)
$ 
 (18)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   comprehensive (loss) income
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
Net other comprehensive (loss) income
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (5)
$ 
 1 
$ 
 (14)
$ 
 (18)
(1)
All amounts are net of income tax, if subject to tax, and exclude noncontrolling interests.
(2)
Represents cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment related to the impairment of our Argentine investments in 2006, which is substantially offset by an accrued liability established at that time. We provide additional information about these investments in Note 4.

 

 
RECLASSIFICATIONS OUT OF ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Dollars in millions)
Year ended December 31, 2013
 
Amount reclassified
 
Details about accumulated
from accumulated other
Affected line item
other comprehensive income (loss) components
comprehensive income (loss)
on Consolidated Statement of Operations
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustments
 
$
270 
 
Equity Earnings, Net of Income Tax(1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate and foreign exchange instruments
 
$
 11 
 
Interest Expense
    Interest rate instruments
 
 
 10 
 
Equity Losses, Before Income Tax
    Commodity contracts not subject to
 
 
 
 
Cost of Natural Gas, Electric Fuel and Purchased
 
rate recovery
 
 
 (1)
 
    Power
Total before income tax
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (4)
 
Income Tax Expense
Net of income tax
 
 16 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (9)
 
Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
 
 
 
 
$
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension and other postretirement benefits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Net actuarial gain
 
$
 38 
 
(2)
   Amortization of actuarial loss
 
 
 10 
 
(2)
   Prior service cost
 
 
 (1)
 
(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 (19)
 
Income Tax Expense
Net of income tax
$
 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax
 
$
 305 
 
 
 
 
 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments
 
$
 9 
 
Interest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 (9)
 
Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
 
 
 
 
$
 ― 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension and other postretirement benefits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Net actuarial gain
 
$
 2 
 
(2)
   Amortization of actuarial loss
 
 
 1 
 
(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 (1)
 
Income Tax Expense
Net of income tax
$
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax
 
$
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments
 
$
 1 
 
Interest Expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension and other postretirement benefits:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Net actuarial loss
 
$
 (3)
 
(2)
   Amortization of actuarial loss
 
 
 1 
 
(2)
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
Income Tax Expense
Net of income tax
$
 (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax
 
$
 ― 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
Represents cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment related to the impairment of our Argentine investments in 2006, which is substantially offset by an accrued liability established at that time. We provide additional information about these investments in Note 4.
(2)
Amounts are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see "Net Periodic Benefit Cost, 2011 - 2013" in Note 7).

 
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
 
Ownership interests that are held by owners other than Sempra Energy and SDG&E in subsidiaries or entities consolidated by them are accounted for and reported as noncontrolling interests. As a result, noncontrolling interests are reported as a separate component of equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Earnings or loss attributable to the noncontrolling interests is separately identified on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and net income or loss and comprehensive income or loss attributable to the noncontrolling interests is separately identified on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity.
 
 
Sale of Noncontrolling Interests
 
On March 21, 2013, Sempra Energy’s IEnova subsidiary priced a private offering in the U.S. and outside of Mexico and a concurrent initial public offering in Mexico of new shares of Class II, Single Series common stock at $2.75 per share in U.S. dollars or 34.00 Mexican pesos. The initial purchasers in the private offering and the underwriters in the Mexican public offering were granted a 30-day option to purchase additional common shares at the initial offering price, less the underwriting discount, to cover overallotments. These options were exercised before the settlement date of the offerings, which was March 27, 2013. After the initial offerings and the exercise of the overallotment options, the aggregate shares of common stock sold in the offerings totaled 218,110,500, representing approximately 18.9 percent of IEnova’s outstanding ownership interest.
 
The net proceeds of the offerings, including the additional option shares, were approximately $574 million in U.S. dollars or 7.1 billion Mexican pesos. IEnova is using the net proceeds of the offerings primarily for general corporate purposes, and for the funding of its current investments and ongoing expansion plans. All U.S. dollar equivalents presented here were based on an exchange rate of 12.3841 Mexican pesos to 1.00 U.S. dollar as of March 21, 2013, the pricing date for the offerings. Net proceeds are after reduction for underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. Following completion of the initial offerings and overallotment options, we beneficially owned 81.1 percent of IEnova and its subsidiaries. Consistent with applicable accounting guidance, changes in noncontrolling interests that do not result in a change of control are accounted for as equity transactions. When there are changes in noncontrolling interests of a subsidiary that do not result in a change of control, any difference between carrying value and fair value related to the change in ownership is recorded as an adjustment to shareholders’ equity. As a result of the offerings and overallotment options, we recorded an increase in Sempra Energy’s shareholders’ equity of $135 million in the second quarter of 2013 for the sale of IEnova shares to noncontrolling interests.
 
IEnova is a separate legal entity, formerly known as Sempra México, S.A. de C.V., comprised primarily of Sempra Energy’s operations in Mexico. IEnova is included within our Sempra Mexico reportable segment, but is not the same in its entirety as the reportable segment. In addition to the IEnova operating companies, the Sempra Mexico segment includes, among other things, certain holding companies and risk management activity. Also, IEnova’s financial results are reported in Mexico under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as required by the Mexican Stock Exchange (La Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V., BMV) where the shares are traded under the symbol IENOVA.
 
The private offering was exempt from registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and shares in the private offering were offered and sold only to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act and to persons outside of the United States, in accordance with Regulation S under the Securities Act. The shares were not registered under the Securities Act or any state securities laws, and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable securities laws.
 
 
Preferred Stock
 
The preferred stock at SoCalGas is presented at Sempra Energy as a noncontrolling interest at December 31, 2013 and 2012.  The preferred stock of SDG&E at December 31, 2012 was contingently redeemable preferred stock and was fully redeemed in October 2013, as we discuss in Note 11.  At Sempra Energy, the preferred stock dividends of SDG&E and SoCalGas are charges against income related to noncontrolling interests.  We provide additional information concerning preferred stock in Note 11.
 

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, we reported the following noncontrolling ownership interests held by others (not including preferred shareholders) recorded in Other Noncontrolling Interests in Total Equity on Sempra Energy’s Consolidated Balance Sheets:
 

OTHER NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
 
 
Percent Ownership Held by Others
 
2013 
2012 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Otay Mesa VIE
100 
%
$
 91 
$
 76 
Sempra South American Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Chilquinta Energía subsidiaries(1)
24.4 - 43.4 
 
 
 27 
 
 29 
   Luz del Sur
20.2 
 
 
 222 
 
 236 
   Tecsur
9.8 
 
 
 3 
 
 4 
Sempra Mexico:
 
 
 
 
 
 
   IEnova, S.A.B. de C.V.
18.9 
 
 
 442 
 
 ― 
Sempra Natural Gas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Bay Gas Storage Company, Ltd.
9.1 
 
 
 22 
 
 20 
   Liberty Gas Storage, LLC
25.0 
 
 
 14 
 
 15 
   Southern Gas Transmission Company
49.0 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
      Total Sempra Energy
 
 
$
 822 
$
 381 
(1) 
Chilquinta Energía has four subsidiaries with noncontrolling interests held by others. Percentage range reflects the highest and lowest ownership percentages among these subsidiaries.

 
REVENUES
 
 
Utilities
 
Our California Utilities generate revenues primarily from deliveries to their customers of electricity by SDG&E and natural gas by both SoCalGas and SDG&E and from related services. They record these revenues following the accrual method and recognize them upon delivery and performance. They also record revenue from CPUC-approved incentive awards, some of which require approval by the CPUC prior to being recognized. We provide additional discussion on utility incentive mechanisms in Note 14.
 
Under an operating agreement with the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) that expired at the end of 2013, SDG&E has acted as a limited agent on behalf of the DWR in the administration of energy contracts, including natural gas procurement functions under the DWR contracts allocated to SDG&E’s customers. The legal and financial responsibilities associated with these activities resided with the DWR. Accordingly, the commodity costs associated with long-term contracts allocated to SDG&E from the DWR (and the revenues to recover those costs) are not included in SDG&E’s or Sempra Energy’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. We provide discussion on electric industry regulation related to the DWR in Note 14.
 
On a monthly basis, SoCalGas accrues natural gas storage contract revenues, which consist of storage reservation and variable charges based on negotiated agreements with terms of up to 15 years.
 
Our natural gas utilities outside of California (Mobile Gas, Willmut Gas and Ecogas) apply U.S. GAAP for regulated utilities consistent with the California Utilities.
 
Our utilities in South America, which were consolidated as part of our Sempra South American Utilities segment beginning April 6, 2011 as we discuss in Note 3, are Chilquinta Energía S.A. (Chilquinta Energía) and Luz del Sur S.A.A. (Luz del Sur), and their subsidiaries. Chilquinta Energía is an electric distribution utility serving customers in the cities of Valparaiso and Viña del Mar in central Chile. Luz del Sur is an electric distribution utility in the southern zone of metropolitan Lima, Peru. The companies serve primarily regulated customers, and their revenues are based on tariffs that are set by the National Energy Commission (Comisión Nacional de Energía, or CNE) in Chile and the Energy and Mining Investment Supervisory Body (Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión en Energía y Minería, or OSINERGMIN) of the National Electricity Office under the Ministry of Energy and Mines in Peru.  
 
The tariffs charged are based on an efficient model distribution company defined by Chilean law in the case of Chilquinta Energía, and OSINERGMIN in the case of Luz del Sur. The tariffs include operation and maintenance costs, an internal rate of return on the new replacement value (Valor Nuevo de Reemplazo, or VNR) of depreciable assets, charges for the use of transmission systems, and a component for the value added by the distributor. Tariffs are designed to provide for a pass-through to customers of the main noncontrollable cost items (mainly power purchases and transmission charges), recovery of reasonable operating and administrative costs, incentives to reduce costs and make needed capital investments and a regulated rate of return on the distributor’s regulated asset base. Because the tariffs are based on a model and are intended to cover the costs of the model company, but are not based on the costs of the specific utility and may not result in full cost recovery, they do not meet the requirement necessary for treatment under applicable U.S. GAAP for regulatory accounting.
 
For Chilquinta Energía, rates for four-year periods related to distribution and sub-transmission are reviewed separately on an alternating basis every two years. In late 2011, Chilquinta Energía initiated the process to establish its distribution rates for the period from November 2012 to October 2016. This process was completed in November 2012, with rates published in April 2013, and tariff adjustments going into effect retroactively from November 2012.
 
In April 2013, the CNE completed the process to establish Chilquinta Energía’s sub-transmission rates for the period January 2011 to December 2014. The CNE has not yet published the sub-transmission rates for this period, although we expect publication in the first half of 2014. Once the rates are published, the tariff adjustments will go into effect retroactively from January 2011.
 
The next reviews are scheduled to be completed, with tariff adjustments also going into effect, in January 2015 for sub-transmission, and again for distribution in November 2016.
 
The components of tariffs above for Luz del Sur are reviewed and adjusted every four years. The final distribution rate-setting resolution for the 2013-2017 period was published in October 2013 and went into effect on November 1, 2013.
 
The table below shows the total utilities revenues in Sempra Energy’s Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the last three years. The revenues include amounts for services rendered but unbilled (approximately one-half month’s deliveries) at the end of each year.
 

TOTAL UTILITIES REVENUES AT SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED(1)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Electric revenues
$ 
 4,911 
$ 
 4,568 
$ 
 3,833 
Natural gas revenues
 
 4,398 
 
 3,873 
 
 4,489 
Total
$ 
 9,309 
$ 
 8,441 
$ 
 8,322 
(1)
Excludes intercompany revenues.
 
 
 
 
 
 

As we discuss in Note 14, the natural gas supply for SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ core natural gas customers is purchased by SoCalGas as a combined procurement portfolio managed by SoCalGas. Core customers are primarily residential and small commercial and industrial customers. This core gas procurement function is considered a shared service, therefore amounts related to SDG&E are not included in SoCalGas’ Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
We provide additional information concerning utility revenue recognition in “Regulatory Matters” above.
 
 
Energy-Related Businesses
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
Sempra South American Utilities generates revenues from providing electric construction services, and recognizes these revenues when services are provided in accordance with contractual agreements.
 
Sempra Mexico
 
Sempra Mexico’s Termoeléctrica de Mexicali generates revenues from selling electricity and/or capacity to the California ISO and to governmental, public utility and wholesale power marketing entities. Sempra Mexico recognizes these revenues as the electricity is delivered and capacity is provided. Sempra Mexico’s pipeline operations recognize revenues from the sale and transportation of natural gas as deliveries are made and from fixed capacity payments. Sempra Mexico also recognizes revenues from (1) the sale of LNG and natural gas as deliveries are made to counterparties and (2) from reservation and usage fees under terminal capacity agreements, nitrogen injection service agreements and tug service agreements. It reports revenue net of value added taxes in Mexico. Sempra Mexico’s revenues also include net realized gains and losses and the net change in the fair value of unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts for natural gas.
 
Sempra Renewables
 
For consolidated entities, Sempra Renewables generates revenues from the sale of solar power pursuant to power purchase agreements, and recognizes these revenues when the power is delivered.
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
Sempra Natural Gas generates revenues from selling electricity and/or capacity from its Mesquite Power facility to the California ISO and to governmental, public utility and wholesale power marketing entities. Sempra Natural Gas recognizes these revenues as the electricity is delivered and capacity is provided. In 2011, Sempra Natural Gas’ electricity sales to the DWR accounted for a significant portion of its revenues. This contract ended September 30, 2011. Related to its LNG terminal and marketing operations, Sempra Natural Gas recognizes revenues from the sale of LNG and natural gas as deliveries are made to counterparties, as well as revenues from reservation and usage fees. Sempra Natural Gas also records revenues from contractual counterparty obligations for non-delivery of cargoes. Sempra Natural Gas recognizes revenue on natural gas storage and transportation operations when services are provided in accordance with contractual agreements for the storage and transportation services. Sempra Natural Gas revenues also include net realized gains and losses and the net change in the fair value of unrealized gains and losses on derivative contracts for power and natural gas.
 
 
OTHER COST OF SALES
 
Other Cost of Sales primarily includes
 
§  
pipeline capacity marketing costs, and pipeline transportation and natural gas marketing costs incurred at Sempra Natural Gas;
 
§  
electric construction services costs at Sempra South American Utilities; and
 
§  
energy management service fees at Sempra Mexico.
 
The costs at Sempra South American Utilities are related to the energy-services companies in South America that we discuss in Note 3.
 
 
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE EXPENSES
 
Operation and Maintenance includes operating and maintenance costs, and general and administrative costs, which consist primarily of personnel costs, purchased materials and services, litigation expense and rent.
 
 
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
 
Our operations in South America and our natural gas distribution utility in Mexico use their local currency as their functional currency. The assets and liabilities of their foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at current exchange rates at the end of the reporting period, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the year. The resulting noncash translation adjustments do not enter into the calculation of earnings or retained earnings (unless the operation is being discontinued), but are reflected in Comprehensive Income and in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), a component of shareholders’ equity.
 

To reflect the fluctuations in the values of functional currencies of our South American investments, which were accounted for under the equity method prior to April 6, 2011, the following adjustments were made to the carrying value of these investments (dollars in millions):
 
 
 
 
Upward (downward)
adjustment to investments 
Investment
Currency
2011(1)
Chilquinta Energía
Chilean Peso
$ 
 (10)
Luz del Sur
Peruvian Nuevo Sol
 
 ― 
(1)
As discussed in Note 3, the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment balances totaling $54 million in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) as of April 6, 2011 were reclassified to net income as a result of the gain on the remeasurement of our equity method investments in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur during the second quarter of 2011.

Smaller adjustments have been made to other operations where the U.S. dollar is not the functional currency. We provide additional information concerning these investments in Note 4.
 
Currency transaction gains and losses in a currency other than the entity’s functional currency are included in the calculation of Other Income, Net, at Sempra Energy as follows:
 

 
Years ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
Currency transaction gain (loss)
$ 
 (3)
$ 
 9 
$ 
 11 

 
Cash flows of the consolidated foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using average exchange rates for the period. We report the effect of exchange rate changes on cash balances held in foreign currencies in “Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents” on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
 
 
TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES
 
 
Loans to and Receivables from Unconsolidated Affiliates – Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
Sempra South American Utilities has a U.S. dollar-denominated loan to Eletrans S.A., an affiliate of Chilquinta Energía that we discuss in Note 4. At December 31, 2013, the loan has a $14 million principal balance outstanding plus a negligible amount of accumulated interest at a fixed interest rate of 4 percent.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy had $4 million in accounts receivable from various Sempra Renewables joint venture investments.
 

 
Service Agreements
 
Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas provide certain services to each other and are charged an allocable share of the cost of such services. Amounts due to/from affiliates are as follows:
 

AMOUNTS DUE TO AND FROM AFFILIATES AT SDG&E AND SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
    Due from SoCalGas
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 37 
    Due from various affiliates
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 39 
 
 
 
 
 
    Due to Sempra Energy
$ 
 25 
$ 
 19 
    Due to various affiliates
 
 14 
 
 ― 
 
 
$ 
 39 
$ 
 19 
 
 
 
 
 
    Income taxes due from Sempra Energy(1)
$ 
 70 
$ 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
    Due from Sempra Energy
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 24 
    Due from various affiliates
 
 21 
 
 ― 
 
 
$ 
 21 
$ 
 24 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Due to SDG&E
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 37 
    Due to Sempra Energy
 
 16 
 
 ― 
 
$ 
 16 
$ 
 37 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Income taxes due from Sempra Energy(1)
$ 
 18 
$ 
 99 
(1)
SDG&E and SoCalGas are included in the consolidated income tax return of Sempra Energy and are allocated income tax expense from Sempra Energy in an amount equal to that which would result from the companies’ having always filed a separate return.

Revenues from unconsolidated affiliates at SDG&E and SoCalGas are as follows:
 

REVENUES FROM UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES AT SDG&E AND SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
SDG&E
$ 
 12 
$ 
 9 
$ 
 7 
SoCalGas
 
 70 
 
 46 
 
 53 

 
Transactions with Rockies Express Pipelines LLC
 
Sempra Rockies Marketing, a subsidiary of Sempra Natural Gas, has an agreement with Rockies Express Pipelines LLC (Rockies Express) for capacity on the Rockies Express Pipeline (REX) through November 2019. Sempra Rockies Marketing recorded cost of sales of $78 million in each of 2013, 2012 and 2011 related to this agreement. We discuss this agreement further in Note 15.
 

 
Transactions with RBS Sempra Commodities
 
In 2008, our commodities-marketing businesses, previously wholly owned subsidiaries of Sempra Energy, were sold into RBS Sempra Commodities LLP (RBS Sempra Commodities), a partnership jointly owned by Sempra Energy and The Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS). Several of our segments have engaged in transactions with RBS Sempra Commodities. As a result of the divestiture of substantially all of RBS Sempra Commodities’ businesses, as we discuss in Note 4, transactions between our segments and RBS Sempra Commodities were assigned over time to the buyers of the joint venture businesses. The assignments of the related contracts were substantially completed by May 1, 2011.  Amounts in our Consolidated Financial Statements related to these transactions for the year ended December 31, 2011 are as follows:
 

AMOUNTS RECORDED FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH RBS SEMPRA COMMODITIES(1)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
Cost of
 
 
 
Revenues
 
 Natural Gas
Sempra Mexico
$ 
 37 
$ 
 74 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
 7 
 
 3 
(1)
With the exception of Sempra Mexico, whose contract with RBS Sempra Commodities expired in July 2011, amounts only include activities prior to May 1, 2011, the date by which substantially all the contracts with RBS Sempra Commodities were assigned to buyers of the joint venture businesses.
 
 
RESTRICTED NET ASSETS
 
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
As we discuss below, the California Utilities have restrictions on the amount of funds that can be transferred to Sempra Energy by dividend, advance or loan as a result of conditions imposed by various regulators. Additionally, certain other Sempra Energy subsidiaries are subject to various financial and other covenants and other restrictions contained in debt and credit agreements (described in Note 5) and in other agreements that limit the amount of funds that can be transferred to Sempra Energy. At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy was in compliance with all covenants related to its debt agreements.
 
At December 31, 2013, the amount of restricted net assets of wholly owned subsidiaries of Sempra Energy, including the California Utilities discussed below, that may not be distributed to Sempra Energy in the form of a loan or dividend is $6.2 billion. Although the restrictions cap the amount of funding that the various operating subsidiaries can provide to Sempra Energy, we do not believe these restrictions will have a significant impact on our ability to access cash to pay dividends.
 
As we discuss in Note 4, $129 million of Sempra Energy’s consolidated retained earnings balance represents undistributed earnings of equity method investments at December 31, 2013.
 
 
California Utilities
 
The CPUC’s regulation of the California Utilities’ capital structures limits the amounts available for dividends and loans to Sempra Energy. At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy could have received combined loans and dividends of approximately $425 million from SDG&E and approximately $1.0 billion from SoCalGas.
 
The payment and amount of future dividends for SDG&E and SoCalGas are at the discretion of their board of directors.  The following restrictions limit the amount of retained earnings that may be paid as common dividends or loaned to Sempra Energy from either utility:
 
§  
The CPUC requires that SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ common equity ratios be no lower than one percentage point below the CPUC-authorized percentage of each entity’s authorized capital structure. The authorized percentage at December 31, 2013 is 52 percent at both SDG&E and SoCalGas.
 
§  
The FERC requires SDG&E to maintain a common equity ratio of 30 percent or above.
 
§  
The California Utilities have a combined revolving credit line that requires each utility to maintain a ratio of consolidated indebtedness to consolidated capitalization (as defined in the agreement) of no more than 65 percent, as we discuss in Note 5.
 
Based upon these restrictions, at December 31, 2013, SDG&E’s restricted net assets were $4.2 billion and SoCalGas’ restricted net assets were $1.5 billion, which could not be transferred to Sempra Energy.
 

 
Sempra International
 
Significant restrictions of Sempra International subsidiaries include
 
§  
Peru and Mexico require domestic corporations to maintain minimum legal reserves as a percentage of capital stock, resulting in restricted net assets of $35 million at Luz del Sur and $79 million at Sempra Energy’s consolidated Mexican subsidiaries at December 31, 2013.
 
 
Sempra U.S. Gas & Power
 
Significant restrictions of Sempra U.S. Gas & Power subsidiaries include
 
§  
Wholly owned Copper Mountain Solar 1 has a long-term debt agreement that requires the establishment and funding of project accounts to which the proceeds of loans, project revenues and other amounts are deposited and applied in accordance with the debt agreement. This long-term debt agreement also limits Copper Mountain Solar 1’s ability to incur liens, incur additional indebtedness, make acquisitions and undertake certain actions, while also requiring maintenance of certain debt ratios. Under these restrictions, net assets totaling $11 million are restricted at December 31, 2013.
 
§  
50-percent owned and unconsolidated joint ventures at Sempra Renewables have debt agreements which require each joint venture to maintain reserve accounts in order to pay the projects’ debt service and operation and maintenance requirements. We discuss Sempra Energy guarantees associated with these requirements in Note 5. As a result of these requirements, there were total restricted assets at December 31, 2013 at our joint ventures of approximately:
 
□  
$34 million at Cedar Creek 2 Wind Farm (Cedar Creek 2)
 
□  
$14 million at Copper Mountain Solar 2
 
□  
$47 million at Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm (Flat Ridge 2)
 
□  
$37 million at Fowler Ridge 2 Wind Farm (Fowler Ridge 2)
 
□  
$19 million at Mehoopany Wind Farm (Mehoopany Wind)
 
□  
$48 million at Mesquite Solar 1.
 
§  
Wholly owned Mobile Gas has long-term debt instruments containing restrictions relating to the payment of dividends and other distributions with respect to capital stock.  Under these restrictions, net assets of approximately $116 million are restricted at December 31, 2013.
 
§  
91-percent owned Bay Gas has long-term debt instruments containing restrictions relating to the payment of dividends and other distributions if Bay Gas does not maintain a specified debt service coverage ratio.  Bay Gas had no restricted net assets at December 31, 2013.
 

 
OTHER INCOME, NET
 
Other Income, Net on the Consolidated Statements of Operations consists of the following:
 

OTHER INCOME, NET
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012
2011
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction
$ 
 75 
$ 
 96 
$ 
 99 
Investment gains(1)
 
 39 
 
 41 
 
 22 
Gains (losses) on interest rate and foreign exchange instruments, net(2)
 
 17 
 
 10 
 
 (14)
Regulatory interest, net(3)
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 2 
Sundry, net
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 21 
 
Total
$ 
 140 
$ 
 172 
$ 
 130 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction
$ 
 39 
$ 
 71 
$ 
 80 
Regulatory interest, net(3)
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 2 
Losses on interest rate instruments(4)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
Sundry, net
 
 (3)
 
 (4)
 
 (2)
 
Total
$ 
 40 
$ 
 69 
$ 
 79 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction
$ 
 17 
$ 
 25 
$ 
 19 
Regulatory interest, net(3)
 
 1 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
Sundry, net
 
 (7)
 
 (7)
 
 (6)
 
Total
$ 
 11 
$ 
 17 
$ 
 13 
(1)
Represents investment gains on dedicated assets in support of our executive retirement and deferred compensation plans. These amounts are partially offset by corresponding changes in compensation expense related to the plans.
(2)
Sempra Energy Consolidated includes Otay Mesa VIE and additional instruments.
(3)
Interest on regulatory balancing accounts.
(4)
Related to Otay Mesa VIE.
 
 
 
 
 
 


 
NOTE 2. NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
 

We describe below recent pronouncements that have had or may have a significant effect on our financial statements. We do not discuss recent pronouncements that are not anticipated to have an impact on or are unrelated to our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or disclosures.
 
 
SEMPRA ENERGY, SDG&E AND SOCALGAS
 
Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2011-11, “Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” (ASU 2011-11) and ASU 2013-01, “Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” (ASU 2013-01): In order to allow for balance sheet comparison between U.S. GAAP and IFRS, ASU 2011-11 requires enhanced disclosures related to financial assets and liabilities eligible for offsetting in the statement of financial position.  An entity must disclose both gross and net information about financial instruments and transactions subject to a master netting arrangement and eligible for offset, including cash collateral received and posted.
 
ASU 2013-01 clarifies that the scope of ASU 2011-11 applies to derivatives, including bifurcated embedded derivatives, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, and securities borrowing and securities lending transactions.
 
We adopted ASU 2011-11 and ASU 2013-01 on January 1, 2013 as required, and it did not affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
ASU 2013-02, “Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” (ASU 2013-02): ASU 2013-02 requires an entity to present, either on the face of the statement of operations or in the notes to financial statements, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. For other amounts that are not required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail about those amounts.
 
We adopted ASU 2013-02 on January 1, 2013 as required and it did not affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
ASU 2013-11, “Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists” (ASU 2013-11): ASU 2013-11 provides explicit guidance on the financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists.  ASU 2013-11 requires an entity to present an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward.  If a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date under the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction to settle any additional income taxes that would result from the disallowance of a tax position or the tax law of the applicable jurisdiction does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purposes, an entity is required to present the unrecognized tax benefit in the financial statements as a liability instead of combined with deferred tax assets.
 
We will adopt ASU 2013-11 on January 1, 2014 as required and do not expect it to significantly affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 

 
NOTE 3. ACQUISITION AND DIVESTITURE ACTIVITY
 

We consolidate assets and liabilities acquired as of the purchase date and include earnings from acquisitions in consolidated earnings after the purchase date.
 
 
SEMPRA SOUTH AMERICAN UTILITIES
 
 
Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur
 
On April 6, 2011, Sempra South American Utilities acquired from AEI its interests in Chilquinta Energía in Chile and Luz del Sur in Peru, and their subsidiaries. Prior to the acquisition, Sempra South American Utilities and AEI each owned 50 percent of Chilquinta Energía and approximately 38 percent of Luz del Sur. Upon completion of the acquisition, Sempra South American Utilities owned 100 percent of Chilquinta Energía and approximately 76 percent of Luz del Sur, with the remaining shares of Luz del Sur held by institutional investors and the general public. As part of the transaction, Sempra South American Utilities also acquired AEI’s interests in two energy-services companies, Tecnored S.A. and Tecsur S.A. The adjusted purchase price of $888 million resulted from valuing the net assets in Chile, Peru and other holding companies at $495 million, $385 million and $8 million, respectively. We paid $611 million in cash ($888 million less $245 million of cash acquired and $32 million of consideration withheld for a liability related to the purchase).
 
As part of our acquisition of AEI’s interest in Luz del Sur, we were required to launch a tender offer to the minority shareholders of Luz del Sur to purchase their shares (up to a maximum 14.73 percent interest in Luz del Sur). In September 2011, we purchased 18,918,954 additional Luz del Sur shares for $43 million in settlement of the mandatory public tender offer, bringing Sempra South American Utilities’ ownership to 79.82 percent.
 
Chilquinta Energía owned 85 percent of Luzlinares S.A. (Luzlinares) through October 31, 2012.  On November 26, 2012, Chilquinta Energía purchased the remaining 15-percent ownership interest in Luzlinares for $7 million in cash.
 
We allocated the original purchase price for Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur on a preliminary basis in the second quarter of 2011. In the third and fourth quarters of 2011, we adjusted the preliminary allocation for additional assets and liabilities identified, including an $11 million premium related to long-term debt at Chilquinta Energía. The retrospective application of these adjustments to prior quarters was de minimus. There were no further adjustments through April 2012, the end of the measurement period. The following table summarizes the consideration paid in the acquisition and the recognized amounts of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as the fair value at the acquisition date of the noncontrolling interests:


PURCHASE PRICE ALLOCATION
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
At April 6, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chilean
 
Peruvian
 
holding
 
 
 
 
 entities 
 
entities 
 
companies 
 
Total 
Fair value of businesses acquired:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash consideration (fair value of total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    consideration)
$
 495 
$
 385 
$
 8 
$
 888 
 
Fair value of equity method
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    investments immediately prior to
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    the acquisition
 
 495 
 
 385 
 
 2 
 
 882 
 
Fair value of noncontrolling interests
 
 37 
 
 242 
 
 ― 
 
 279 
Total fair value of businesses acquired
 
 1,027 
 
 1,012 
 
 10 
 
 2,049 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recognized amounts of identifiable assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acquired and liabilities assumed:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash
 
 219 
 
 22 
 
 4 
 
 245 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment
 
 555 
 
 931 
 
 ― 
 
 1,486 
 
 
Long-term debt
 
 (305)
 
 (179)
 
 ― 
 
 (484)
 
 
Other net assets (liabilities) acquired
 
 44 
 
 (223)
 
 6 
 
 (173)
Total identifiable net assets
 
 513 
 
 551 
 
 10 
 
 1,074 
Goodwill
$
 514 
$
 461 
$
 ― 
$
 975 

 
Our results for the year ended December 31, 2011 include a $277 million gain (both pretax and after-tax) related to the remeasurement of equity method investments, included as Remeasurement of Equity Method Investments on our Consolidated Statement of Operations. We calculated the gain as the difference between the acquisition-date fair value ($882 million) and the book value ($605 million) of our equity interests in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur immediately prior to the acquisition date. This book value of our equity interests included currency translation adjustment balances in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). The valuation techniques we used to allocate the purchase price to the businesses included discounted cash flow analysis and the market multiple approach (enterprise value to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)). Our assumptions for these measures included estimated future cash flows, appropriate discount rates, market trading multiples and market transaction multiples. Discount rates used reflected consideration of risk free rates, as well as country and company risk. Methodologies used to determine fair values of material assets as of the date of the acquisition included
 
§  
the replacement cost approach for property, plant and equipment; and
 
§  
goodwill associated primarily with the value of residual future cash flows that we believe these businesses will generate, to be tested annually for impairment.  For income tax purposes, none of the goodwill recorded is deductible in Chile, Peru or the United States.
 
For substantially all other assets and liabilities, our analysis of fair value factors indicated that book value approximated fair value. We valued noncontrolling interests based on the fair value of tangible assets and an allocation of goodwill based on relative enterprise value.
 
Our Consolidated Statement of Operations includes 100 percent of the acquired companies’ revenues, net income and earnings from the date of acquisition, including $1.1 billion, $160 million and $135 million, respectively, from the date of acquisition for the year ended December 31, 2011. These amounts do not include the remeasurement gain.
 
Following are pro forma revenues and earnings for Sempra Energy had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2010, which primarily reflect the incremental increase to revenues and earnings from our increased ownership and consolidation of the entities acquired. Although some short-term debt borrowings may have resulted from the actual acquisition in 2011, we have not assumed any additional interest expense in the pro forma impact on earnings below, as the amounts would be immaterial due to the low interest rates available to us on commercial paper. The pro forma amounts do not include the impact of the increased ownership in Luz del Sur resulting from the tender offer completed in September 2011 discussed above.
 
 
 
 
Year ended
(Dollars in millions)
December 31, 2011
Revenues
$
 10,379 
Earnings(1)
 
 1,079 
(1)
Excludes the $277 million gain related to the remeasurement of equity method investments.

The companies use their local currency, the Chilean Peso or the Peruvian Nuevo Sol, as their functional currency, and we account for them as discussed above in Note 1 under “Foreign Currency Translation.”
 
We provide additional information about Sempra South American Utilities’ investments in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur in Note 4.
 
 
SEMPRA RENEWABLES
 
In July 2013, Sempra Renewables formed a joint venture with Consolidated Edison Development (ConEdison Development), a nonrelated party, by selling a 50-percent interest in its 150-MW Copper Mountain Solar 2 solar power facility for $72 million in cash. Sempra Renewables recognized a pretax gain on the sale of $4 million ($2 million after-tax), included in Gain on Sale of Assets on our Consolidated Statement of Operations. Our remaining 50-percent interest in Copper Mountain Solar 2 is now accounted for under the equity method.
 
In September 2013, Sempra Renewables formed another joint venture with ConEdison Development by selling a 50-percent interest in its 150-MW Mesquite Solar 1 solar power facility for $103 million in cash. Sempra Renewables recognized a pretax gain on the sale of $36 million ($22 million after-tax), included in Gain on Sale of Assets on our Consolidated Statement of Operations. Our remaining 50-percent interest in Mesquite Solar 1 is now accounted for under the equity method.
 
Our equity method investments in Copper Mountain Solar 2 and Mesquite Solar 1 were measured at their historical cost and, therefore, no portion of the gains was attributable to a remeasurement of the retained investments to fair value. The following table summarizes the deconsolidation:
 

(Dollars in millions)
Copper Mountain Solar 2
Mesquite Solar 1
Proceeds from sale, net of transaction costs(1)
$
 69 
$
 100 
Property, plant and equipment, net
 
 (266)
 
 (461)
Other assets
 
 (30)
 
 (72)
Long-term debt, including current portion
 
 146 
 
 297 
Other liabilities
 
 19 
 
 31 
Gain on sale of assets
 
 (4)
 
 (36)
Equity method investments upon deconsolidation
$
 (66)
$
 (141)
(1)
Transaction costs were $3 million at each of Copper Mountain Solar 2 and Mesquite Solar 1.

In September 2013, Sempra Renewables acquired the rights to develop the 75-MW Broken Bow 2 Wind project in Custer County, Nebraska. Sempra Renewables will develop the project, which is expected to be operational in late 2014.
 
 
SEMPRA NATURAL GAS
 
 
Mesquite Power Sale
 
In February 2013, Sempra Natural Gas sold one 625-MW block of its 1,250-MW Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant in Arizona, including a portion related to common plant, for approximately $371 million in cash to the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District (SRP). The asset was classified as held for sale at December 31, 2012 and we recognized a pretax gain on sale of $74 million ($44 million after-tax) in 2013, included in Gain on Sale of Assets on our Consolidated Statement of Operations. In connection with the sale, we entered into a 20-year operations and maintenance agreement with SRP on February 28, 2013, whereby SRP assumed plant operations and maintenance of the facility, including our remaining 625-MW block. We provide additional information concerning the operations and maintenance agreement in Note 15 under “Other Commitments – Sempra Natural Gas” and additional information regarding our plan to sell the remaining block of the plant in Note 18.
 
 
Willmut Gas Company
 
In May 2012, Sempra Natural Gas acquired 100 percent of the outstanding common stock of Willmut Gas, a regulated natural gas distribution utility serving approximately 19,000 customers in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.  Willmut Gas was purchased for $19 million in cash and the assumption of $10 million of liabilities. Included in the acquisition was $17 million in net property, plant and equipment.  As a result of the acquisition, we recorded $10 million of goodwill.
 
The results of operations for Willmut Gas are included in our Consolidated Statement of Operations from the date of acquisition, including revenues of $10 million and negligible earnings for the year ended December 31, 2012. Pro forma impacts on revenues and earnings for Sempra Energy had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2011 were additional revenues of $7 million and negligible earnings in 2012 and additional revenues of $21 million and negligible earnings for 2011.
 

 
NOTE 4. INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES
 

We generally account for investments under the equity method when we have an ownership interest of 20 percent to 50 percent. In these cases, our pro rata shares of the entities’ net assets are included in Investments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These investments are adjusted for our share of each investee’s earnings or losses, dividends, and other comprehensive income or loss.
 
The carrying value of unconsolidated entities is evaluated for impairment under the U.S. GAAP provisions for equity method investments.
 
We summarize our investment balances and earnings below:
 

EQUITY METHOD AND OTHER INVESTMENTS ON THE CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
Sempra South American Utilities:
 
 
 
 
    Eletrans(1)
$
 (3)
$
 ― 
Sempra Mexico:
 
 
 
 
    Gasoductos de Chihuahua
 
 379 
 
 340 
Sempra Renewables:
 
 
 
 
    Auwahi Wind Farm
 
 53 
 
 72 
    Cedar Creek 2 Wind Farm
 
 92 
 
 93 
    Copper Mountain Solar 2
 
 67 
 
 ― 
    Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
 292 
 
 291 
    Fowler Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
 51 
 
 47 
    Mehoopany Wind Farm
 
 85 
 
 89 
    Mesquite Solar 1
 
 67 
 
 ― 
Sempra Natural Gas:
 
 
 
 
    Rockies Express Pipeline LLC
 
 329 
 
 361 
Parent and other:
 
 
 
 
    RBS Sempra Commodities LLP
 
 73 
 
 126 
    Other
 
 ― 
 
 8 
Total equity method investments
 
 1,485 
 
 1,427 
Other(2)
 
 90 
 
 89 
Total
$ 
 1,575 
$ 
 1,516 
(1)
Includes losses on forward exchange contracts as we discuss below.
(2)
Other includes Sempra South American Utilities' $10 million and $11 million in real estate investments at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and Sempra Natural Gas' $77 million and $74 million investment in industrial development bonds at Mississippi Hub at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.


EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENTS ON THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Earnings (losses) recorded before income tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra Renewables:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Auwahi Wind Farm
$ 
 4 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
    Cedar Creek 2 Wind Farm
 
 (4)
 
 (4)
 
 (2)
    Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
 (8)
 
 1 
 
 ― 
    Fowler Ridge 2 Wind Farm
 
 (3)
 
 (3)
 
 (4)
    Mehoopany Wind Farm
 
 (2)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Mesquite Solar 1
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Sempra Natural Gas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Rockies Express Pipeline LLC:
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Impairment
 
 ― 
 
 (400)
 
 ― 
        Income tax make-whole payment received
 
 ― 
 
 41 
 
 ― 
        Other equity earnings
 
 47 
 
 47 
 
 43 
Parent and other:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    RBS Sempra Commodities LLP:
 
 
 
 
 
 
        Impairment
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (16)
        Other equity losses
 
 (3)
 
 ― 
 
 (8)
    Other
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (4)
 
$ 
 31 
$ 
 (319)
$ 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings (losses) recorded net of income tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Sodigas Pampeana and Sodigas Sur
$ 
 (11)
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (1)
    Chilquinta Energía(1)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 12 
    Luz del Sur(1)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 12 
    Eletrans
 
 (4)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Sempra Mexico:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Gasoductos de Chihuahua
 
 39 
 
 36 
 
 29 
 
 
$ 
 24 
$ 
 36 
$ 
 52 
(1)
These investments were accounted for under the equity method until April 6, 2011, when they became consolidated entities upon our acquisition of additional ownership interests.
 

Our share of the undistributed earnings of equity method investments was $129 million and $107 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The December 31, 2013 and 2012 balances do not include remaining distributions of $73 million and $126 million, respectively, associated with our investment in RBS Sempra Commodities and expected to be received from the partnership as it is dissolved, as we discuss below.
 
Equity method goodwill of $65 million at both December 31, 2013 and 2012 related to our unconsolidated subsidiary located in Mexico is included in Investments on the Sempra Energy Consolidated Balance Sheets and its functional currency is U.S. dollars. We discuss our equity method investments below.
 
 
SEMPRA SOUTH AMERICAN UTILITIES
 
As discussed in Note 3, on April 6, 2011, Sempra South American Utilities acquired from AEI its interests in Chilquinta Energía in Chile and Luz del Sur in Peru, and their subsidiaries.  Prior to the acquisition, Sempra South American Utilities and AEI each owned 50 percent of Chilquinta Energía and approximately 38 percent of Luz del Sur.  We consolidated Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur effective April 6, 2011 and no longer record them as equity method investments.
 
Sempra South American Utilities previously owned 43 percent of two Argentine natural gas utility holding companies, Sodigas Pampeana and Sodigas Sur. In December 2006, we decided to sell our Argentine investments and actively pursued their sale since that time. In the first quarter of 2013, we recorded a noncash impairment charge of $10 million ($7 million after-tax) to reduce the carrying value of our investments to estimated fair value. The net charge is reported in Equity Earnings, Net of Income Tax on the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2013. In June 2013, we completed the sale of our Argentine investments for $13 million in cash and recorded an additional $7 million loss ($4 million after-tax) on the sale, which is also included in Equity Earnings, Net of Income Tax.
 
As a result of the devaluation of the Argentine peso at the end of 2001 and subsequent changes in the value of the peso, Sempra South American Utilities had reduced the carrying value of its investments by a cumulative total of $270 million prior to the sale. These noncash adjustments, based on fluctuations in the value of the Argentine peso, did not affect earnings, but were recorded in Comprehensive Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). As a result of the sale of our investments, this cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment was reclassified to Equity Earnings, Net of Income Tax, where it was substantially offset by the elimination of a $250 million accrued liability established in 2006.
 
In 2013, Chilquinta Energía entered into two 50-percent owned joint ventures, Eletrans S.A. and Eletrans II S.A. (collectively, Eletrans), with Sociedad Austral de Electricidad Sociedad Anónima (SAESA) to construct four transmission lines in Chile. In 2013, Eletrans entered into forward exchange contracts to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk of the Chilean Unidad de Fomento (CLF) relative to the U.S. dollar, related to certain construction commitments that are denominated in CLF. The forward exchange contracts settle based on anticipated payments to vendors, generally monthly, ending in July 2018. We recorded $4 million of equity losses for 2013 related to these forward contracts in Equity Earnings, Net of Income Tax on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.
 
 
SEMPRA MEXICO
 
Sempra Mexico owns a 50-percent interest in Gasoductos de Chihuahua, a joint venture with Petróleos Mexicanos (or PEMEX, the Mexican state-owned oil company). The joint venture operates several natural gas pipelines and propane systems in Mexico and is constructing a 70-mile natural gas pipeline, the Los Ramones I project, from the northern portion of the state of Tamaulipas bordering the U.S. to Los Ramones in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. Sempra Mexico acquired its investment in Gasoductos de Chihuahua as part of the purchase of Mexican pipeline and natural gas infrastructure assets in 2010.
 
 
SEMPRA RENEWABLES
 
Sempra Renewables accounts for its investments in all of the following projects using the equity method.
 
During 2013, Sempra Renewables formed joint ventures with ConEdison Development, a nonrelated party, by selling 50-percent interests in both its Copper Mountain Solar 2 and Mesquite Solar 1 facilities. In 2013, Sempra Renewables received a $28 million return of capital from Mesquite Solar 1. We discuss these joint ventures further in Notes 3 and 5.
 
During 2013, 2012 and 2011, Sempra Renewables invested $4 million, $291 million and $146 million, respectively, in a joint venture with BP Wind Energy, a wholly owned subsidiary of BP p.l.c., to develop the 470-MW Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm project near Wichita, Kansas, which became operational in December 2012. In December 2012, Sempra Renewables received a $148 million return of investment from Flat Ridge 2 as a result of the joint venture entering into a loan to finance the project.
 
During 2013, 2012 and 2011, Sempra Renewables invested $1 million, $20 million and $88 million, respectively, in a joint venture with BP Wind Energy to develop the 141-MW Mehoopany Wind Farm project near Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, which became operational in December 2012. In 2013 and 2012, Sempra Renewables received a $13 million and $17 million return of capital, respectively, from loan proceeds from financing at Mehoopany Wind.
 
During 2013, 2012 and 2011, Sempra Renewables invested $1 million, $62 million and $11 million, respectively, in a joint venture with BP Wind Energy to develop the 21-MW Auwahi Wind Farm in the southeastern region of Maui, a project that was previously wholly owned by Sempra Renewables. The project became operational in December 2012. In 2013, Sempra Renewables received a $19 million return of capital from Auwahi Wind, $15 million of which relates to U.S. Treasury grant proceeds received at the joint venture.
 
Additionally, in 2013 Sempra Renewables received a $6 million return of capital from Cedar Creek 2 Wind Farm.
 
We discuss guarantees related to Flat Ridge 2 and Mehoopany Wind in Note 5.
 
 
SEMPRA NATURAL GAS
 
Sempra Natural Gas owns a 25-percent interest in Rockies Express, a partnership that operates a natural gas pipeline, REX, that links the Rocky Mountain region to the upper Midwest and the eastern United States. In November 2012, Kinder Morgan Energy Partners L.P. (KMP) sold its 50-percent interest in Rockies Express, as part of a larger asset group, to Tallgrass Energy Partners, L.P. (Tallgrass). Phillips 66 owns the remaining 25-percent interest. Our total investment in Rockies Express is accounted for as an equity method investment.
 
The general partner of KMP is Kinder Morgan, Inc. (KMI). As a condition of KMI receiving antitrust approval from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) for its acquisition of El Paso Corporation, KMI agreed to divest certain assets in its natural gas pipeline group.  Included in the asset group, as noted above, was KMP’s interest in Rockies Express. KMP recorded remeasurement losses during 2012 associated with these operations (classified as discontinued operations by KMP). In 2012, we recorded impairments of our partnership investment in Rockies Express of $300 million ($179 million after-tax) and $100 million ($60 million after-tax) in the second and third quarters, respectively, which are included in Equity Earnings (Losses), Before Income Tax on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Our remaining carrying value in Rockies Express at December 31, 2013 is $329 million. We recorded the write-downs in 2012 as a result of our estimate of fair value for our investment at the reporting date and our conclusion that the impairments were other-than-temporary, as required by U.S. GAAP. We discuss the fair value measurement of our investment in Rockies Express in Note 10.
 
For income tax purposes, upon KMP’s sale of its 50-percent interest in Rockies Express, the partnership was considered terminated under federal tax law and a new partnership immediately formed which triggered a restart of depreciation method on the partnership’s remaining tax basis of its tangible assets. As required by the LLC agreement, KMP made a cash make-whole payment to Sempra Natural Gas of $41 million in November 2012, which was recorded as equity income from Rockies Express.
 
 
RBS SEMPRA COMMODITIES
 
RBS Sempra Commodities is a United Kingdom limited liability partnership formed by Sempra Energy and RBS in 2008 to own and operate the commodities-marketing businesses previously operated through wholly owned subsidiaries of Sempra Energy. We and RBS sold substantially all of the partnership’s businesses and assets in four separate transactions completed in July, November, and December of 2010 and February of 2011. We account for our investment in RBS Sempra Commodities under the equity method, and report our share of partnership earnings and other associated costs in Parent and Other.
 
We recorded $3 million in pretax equity losses and no equity earnings or losses for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Pretax equity losses from RBS Sempra Commodities were $24 million for the year ended December 31, 2011. The partnership income that is distributable to us on an annual basis is computed on the partnership’s basis of accounting, IFRS, as adopted by the European Union. For the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, there was no distributable income or loss on an IFRS basis. For the year ended December 31, 2011, our share of distributable loss, on an IFRS basis, was $30 million. Included in our pretax equity losses in 2011 is an impairment charge of $16 million ($10 million after-tax). The impairment charge is included in Equity Earnings (Losses), Before Income Tax on the Consolidated Statement of Operations. We discuss the fair value measurement of our investment in the partnership in Note 10.
 
In April 2011, we and RBS entered into a letter agreement (Letter Agreement) which amended certain provisions of the agreements that formed RBS Sempra Commodities. The Letter Agreement addresses the wind-down of the partnership and the distribution of the partnership’s remaining assets. In accordance with the Letter Agreement, we received distributions of $50 million in 2013 and $623 million in 2011. The 2011 distributions included sales proceeds and our portion of 2010 distributable income totaling $651 million, less amounts to settle certain liabilities that we owed to RBS of $28 million. We received no cash distributions in 2012. The investment balance of $73 million at December 31, 2013 reflects remaining distributions expected to be received from the partnership in accordance with the Letter Agreement. The timing and amount of distributions may be impacted by the matters we discuss related to RBS Sempra Commodities in Note 15 under “Other Litigation.” In addition, amounts may be retained by the partnership for an extended period of time to help offset unanticipated future general and administrative costs necessary to complete the dissolution of the partnership.
 
In connection with the Letter Agreement described above, we also released RBS from its indemnification obligations with respect to items for which J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. (JP Morgan), one of the buyers of the partnership’s businesses, has agreed to indemnify us.
 


 
NOTE 5. DEBT AND CREDIT FACILITIES
 

 
COMMITTED LINES OF CREDIT
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy Consolidated had an aggregate of $4.1 billion in committed lines of credit to provide liquidity and to support commercial paper and variable-rate demand notes, the major components of which we detail below. Available unused credit on these lines at December 31, 2013 was $3.4 billion.
 
 
Sempra Energy
 
Sempra Energy has a $1.067 billion, five-year syndicated revolving credit agreement expiring in March 2017. Citibank, N.A. serves as administrative agent for the syndicate of 24 lenders. No single lender has greater than a 7-percent share.
 
Borrowings bear interest at benchmark rates plus a margin that varies with market index rates and Sempra Energy’s credit ratings. The facility requires Sempra Energy to maintain a ratio of total indebtedness to total capitalization (as defined in the agreement) of no more than 65 percent at the end of each quarter. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, Sempra Energy was in compliance with this and all other financial covenants under the credit facility. The facility also provides for issuance of up to $635 million of letters of credit on behalf of Sempra Energy with the amount of borrowings otherwise available under the facility reduced by the amount of outstanding letters of credit.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy had $12 million of letters of credit outstanding supported by the facility.
 
 
Sempra Global
 
Sempra Global has a $2.189 billion, five-year syndicated revolving credit agreement expiring in March 2017. Citibank, N.A. serves as administrative agent for the syndicate of 25 lenders. No single lender has greater than a 7-percent share.
 
Sempra Energy guarantees Sempra Global’s obligations under the credit facility. Borrowings bear interest at benchmark rates plus a margin that varies with market index rates and Sempra Energy’s credit ratings. The facility requires Sempra Energy to maintain a ratio of total indebtedness to total capitalization (as defined in the agreement) of no more than 65 percent at the end of each quarter. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, Sempra Energy was in compliance with this and all other financial covenants under the credit facility.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Global had $590 million of commercial paper outstanding supported by the facility. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, $200 million and $300 million of commercial paper outstanding was classified as long-term debt based on management’s intent and ability to maintain this level of borrowing on a long-term basis either supported by this credit facility or by issuing long-term debt. This classification has no impact on cash flows.
 
 
California Utilities
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas have a combined $877 million, five-year syndicated revolving credit agreement expiring in March 2017. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. serves as administrative agent for the syndicate of 24 lenders. No single lender has greater than a 7-percent share. The agreement permits each utility to individually borrow up to $658 million, subject to a combined limit of $877 million for both utilities. It also provides for the issuance of letters of credit on behalf of each utility subject to a combined letter of credit commitment of $200 million for both utilities. Effective January 29, 2014, the combined letter of credit commitment increased to $300 million. The amount of borrowings otherwise available under the facility is reduced by the amount of outstanding letters of credit.
 
Borrowings under the facility bear interest at benchmark rates plus a margin that varies with market index rates and the borrowing utility’s credit ratings. The agreement requires each utility to maintain a ratio of total indebtedness to total capitalization (as defined in the agreement) of no more than 65 percent at the end of each quarter. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the California Utilities were in compliance with this and all other financial covenants under the credit facility.
 
Each utility’s obligations under the agreement are individual obligations, and a default by one utility would not constitute a default by the other utility or preclude borrowings by, or the issuance of letters of credit on behalf of, the other utility.
 
At December 31, 2013, SDG&E and SoCalGas had $59 million and $42 million of commercial paper outstanding supported by the facility, respectively. Available unused credit on the line at December 31, 2013 was $599 million and $616 million at SDG&E and SoCalGas, respectively, subject to the combined limit on the facility of $877 million.
 

 
GUARANTEES
 
 
Sempra Renewables
 
Sempra Renewables and BP Wind Energy each currently hold 50-percent interests in Flat Ridge 2. The project obtained construction financing in December 2012, and proceeds from the loans were used to return $148 million of each owner’s joint venture investment in 2012. In March 2013, the construction financing was converted into permanent financing consisting of a term loan and a fixed-rate note. The term loan of $242 million expires in June 2023 and the fixed rate note of $110 million expires in June 2035. The financing agreement requires Sempra Renewables and BP Wind Energy, severally for each partner’s 50-percent interest, to return cash to the project in the event that the project does not meet certain cash flow criteria or in the event that the project’s debt service, operation and maintenance and firm transmission and production tax credits reserve accounts are not maintained at specific thresholds. Sempra Renewables recorded a liability of $3 million in 2013 for the fair value of its obligations associated with the cash flow requirements, which constitutes a guarantee. The liability is being amortized over its expected life. The outstanding loans are not guaranteed by the partners.
 
Sempra Renewables and BP Wind Energy each currently hold 50-percent interests in Mehoopany Wind. The project obtained construction financing in June 2012, and proceeds from the loans were used to return $13 million and $17 million of each owner’s joint venture investment in 2013 and 2012, respectively. In May 2013, the construction financing was converted into permanent financing consisting of a term loan. The term loan of $162 million expires in May 2031. The financing agreement requires Sempra Renewables and BP Wind Energy, severally for each partner’s 50-percent interest, to return cash to the project in the event that the project does not meet certain cash flow criteria or in the event that the project’s debt service, operation and maintenance and production tax credits reserve accounts are not maintained at specific thresholds. Additionally, in conjunction with the term loan conversion, Sempra Renewables and BP Wind Energy have provided guarantees to the lenders in lieu of Mehoopany Wind funding a reserve account requirement. Sempra Renewables recorded liabilities of $11 million in 2013 for the fair value of its obligations associated with the cash flow and reserve account requirements, which constitute guarantees. The liabilities are being amortized over their expected lives. The outstanding loans are not guaranteed by the partners.
 
 
RBS Sempra Commodities
 
As we discuss in Note 4, in 2010 and early 2011, Sempra Energy, RBS and RBS Sempra Commodities sold substantially all of the businesses and assets within the partnership in four separate transactions. In connection with each of these transactions, the buyers were, subject to certain qualifications, obligated to replace any guarantees that we had issued in connection with the applicable businesses sold with guarantees of their own. By February 26, 2014, all such guarantees had been replaced or open positions closed. We discuss additional matters related to our investment in RBS Sempra Commodities in Note 15.
 
 
WEIGHTED AVERAGE INTEREST RATES
 
The weighted average interest rates on the total short-term debt outstanding at Sempra Energy were 0.64 percent and 0.72 percent at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on the total short-term debt outstanding at both SDG&E and SoCalGas was 0.13 percent at December 31, 2013. The weighted average interest rates at December 31, 2013 and 2012 include interest rates for commercial paper borrowings classified as long-term, as we discuss above.
 
 
LONG-TERM DEBT
 
The following tables show the detail and maturities of long-term debt outstanding:
 

LONG-TERM DEBT
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
First mortgage bonds:
 
 
 
 
 
6.8% June 1, 2015
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 14 
 
5.3% November 15, 2015
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
1.65% July 1, 2018(1)
 
 161 
 
 161 
 
5.85% June 1, 2021(1)
 
 ― 
 
 60 
 
3% August 15, 2021
 
 350 
 
 350 
 
3.6% September 1, 2023
 
 450 
 
 ― 
 
6% June 1, 2026
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
5% to 5.25% December 1, 2027(1)
 
 150 
 
 150 
 
5.875% January and February 2034(1)
 
 176 
 
 176 
 
5.35% May 15, 2035
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
6.125% September 15, 2037
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
4% May 1, 2039(1)
 
 75 
 
 75 
 
6% June 1, 2039
 
 300 
 
 300 
 
5.35% May 15, 2040
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
4.5% August 15, 2040
 
 500 
 
 500 
 
3.95% November 15, 2041
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
4.3% April 1, 2042
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
 
 
 3,912 
 
 3,536 
Other long-term debt (unsecured unless otherwise noted):
 
 
 
 
 
5.9% Notes June 1, 2014
 
 15 
 
 130 
 
5.3% Notes July 1, 2021(1)
 
 39 
 
 39 
 
5.5% Notes December 1, 2021(1)
 
 60 
 
 60 
 
4.9% Notes March 1, 2023(1)
 
 25 
 
 25 
 
5.2925% OMEC LLC loan
 
 
 
 
 
    payable 2013 through April 2019 (secured by plant assets)
 
 335 
 
 345 
Capital lease obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
Purchased-power agreements
 
 176 
 
 178 
 
Other
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 653 
 
 784 
 
 
 
 4,565 
 
 4,320 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
 (29)
 
 (16)
Unamortized discount on long-term debt
 
 (11)
 
 (12)
Total SDG&E
 
 4,525 
 
 4,292 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
First mortgage bonds:
 
 
 
 
 
5.5% March 15, 2014
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
5.45% April 15, 2018
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
5.75% November 15, 2035
 
 250 
 
 250 
 
5.125% November 15, 2040
 
 300 
 
 300 
 
3.75% September 15, 2042
 
 350 
 
 350 
 
 
 
 1,400 
 
 1,400 
Other long-term debt (unsecured):
 
 
 
 
 
4.75% Notes May 14, 2016(1)
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
5.67% Notes January 18, 2028
 
 5 
 
 5 
Capital lease obligations
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 1,415 
 
 1,417 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
 (252)
 
 (4)
Unamortized discount on long-term debt
 
 (4)
 
 (4)
Total SoCalGas
 
 1,159 
 
 1,409 
 

 
LONG-TERM DEBT (CONTINUED)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
Sempra Energy
 
 
 
 
Other long-term debt (unsecured):
 
 
 
 
 
6% Notes February 1, 2013
 
 ― 
 
 400 
 
8.9% Notes November 15, 2013, including $200 at variable rates after fixed-to-floating
 
 
 
 
 
    rate swaps effective January 2011
 
 ― 
 
 250 
 
2% Notes March 15, 2014
 
 500 
 
 500 
 
Notes at variable rates (1.01% at December 31, 2013) March 15, 2014
 
 300 
 
 300 
 
6.5% Notes June 1, 2016, including $300 at variable rates after fixed-to-floating
 
 
 
 
 
    rate swaps effective January 2011 (4.46% at December 31, 2013)
 
 750 
 
 750 
 
2.3% Notes April 1, 2017
 
 600 
 
 600 
 
6.15% Notes June 15, 2018
 
 500 
 
 500 
 
9.8% Notes February 15, 2019
 
 500 
 
 500 
 
2.875% Notes October 1, 2022
 
 500 
 
 500 
 
4.05% Notes December 1, 2023
 
 500 
 
 ― 
 
6% Notes October 15, 2039
 
 750 
 
 750 
Market value adjustments for interest rate swaps, net (expire November 2013 and June 2016)
 
 12 
 
 19 
Build-to-suit lease(2)
 
 14 
 
 ― 
         
Sempra Global
 
 
 
 
Other long-term debt (unsecured):
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial paper borrowings at variable rates, classified as long-term debt
 
 
 
 
 
    (0.35% weighted average at December 31, 2013)
 
 200 
 
 300 
         
Sempra South American Utilities
 
 
 
 
Other long-term debt (unsecured):
 
 
 
 
    Chilquinta Energía
 
 
 
 
 
2.75% Series A Bonds October 30, 2014(1)
 
 ― 
 
 86 
 
4.25% Series B Bonds October 30, 2030(1)
 
 209 
 
 224 
    Luz del Sur
 
 
 
 
 
Bank loans 5.5% to 6.75% payable 2016 through December 2018
 
 70 
 
 31 
 
Notes at 4.75% to 7.09% payable 2014 through October 2022
 
 292 
 
 284 
         
Sempra Mexico
 
 
 
 
Other long-term debt (unsecured):
 
 
 
 
 
Notes February 8, 2018 at variable rates at 2.66% after floating-to-fixed rate cross-currency
 
 
 
 
 
      swaps effective February 2013
 
 100 
 
 ― 
 
6.3% Notes February 2, 2023 (4.12% after cross-currency swap)
 
 298 
 
 ― 
         
Sempra Renewables
 
 
 
 
Other long-term debt (secured):
 
 
 
 
 
Loan at variable rates payable 2014 through December 2028, including $78 at 4.54%
 
 
 
 
 
    after floating-to-fixed rate swaps effective June 2012 (2.75% at December 31, 2013)(1)
 
 104 
 
 111 
 
Loans at 2.24% to 2.26% payable 2014 through January 2031
 
 ― 
 
 286 
         
Sempra Natural Gas
 
 
 
 
First mortgage bonds (Mobile Gas):
 
 
 
 
 
4.14% September 30, 2021
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
5% September 30, 2031
 
 42 
 
 42 
Other long-term debt (unsecured unless otherwise noted):
 
 
 
 
 
Notes at 2.87% to 3.51% October 1, 2016(1)
 
 18 
 
 17 
 
9% Notes May 13, 2013
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
8.45% Notes payable 2014 through December 2017, secured
 
 21 
 
 25 
 
3.1% Notes December 30, 2018, secured(1)
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
4.5% Notes July 1, 2024, secured(1)
 
 77 
 
 74 
 
Industrial development bonds at variable rates (0.05% at December 31, 2013)
 
 
 
 
 
    August 1, 2037, secured(1)
 
 55 
 
 55 
 
 
 
 6,437 
 
 6,625 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
 (866)
 
 (705)
Unamortized discount on long-term debt
 
 (9)
 
 (8)
Unamortized premium on long-term debt
 
 7 
 
 8 
Total other Sempra Energy
 
 5,569 
 
 5,920 
Total Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 11,253 
$ 
 11,621 
(1)
Callable long-term debt not subject to make-whole provisions.
(2)
We discuss this lease in Note 15.
 

 
MATURITIES OF LONG-TERM DEBT(1)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
Total 
 
 
 
 
Other 
Sempra 
 
 
 
 
Sempra 
Energy 
 
 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas
Energy
Consolidated
2014 
$ 
 24 
$ 
 250 
$ 
 866 
$ 
 1,140 
2015 
 
 260 
 
 ― 
 
 52 
 
 312 
2016 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 828 
 
 846 
2017 
 
 10 
 
 ― 
 
 662 
 
 672 
2018 
 
 171 
 
 250 
 
 652 
 
 1,073 
Thereafter
 
 3,910 
 
 905 
 
 3,349 
 
 8,164 
Total
$ 
 4,385 
$ 
 1,413 
$ 
 6,409 
$ 
 12,207 
(1)
Excludes capital lease obligations, build-to-suit lease and market value adjustments for interest rate swaps.

Various long-term obligations totaling $6.2 billion at Sempra Energy at December 31, 2013 are unsecured. This includes unsecured long-term obligations totaling $138 million at SDG&E and $13 million at SoCalGas.
 
 
CALLABLE LONG-TERM DEBT
 
At the option of Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas, certain debt is callable subject to premiums:
 

CALLABLE LONG-TERM DEBT
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
Total 
 
 
 
Other 
Sempra 
 
 
 
Sempra 
Energy 
 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas
Energy
Consolidated
Not subject to make-whole provisions
$ 
 686 
$ 
 8 
$ 
 468 
$ 
 1,162 
Subject to make-whole provisions
 
 3,350 
 
 1,400 
 
 4,683 
 
 9,433 

In addition, the OMEC LLC project financing loan discussed in Note 1, with $335 million of borrowings at December 31, 2013, may be prepaid at the borrowers’ option.
 
 
FIRST MORTGAGE BONDS
 
The California Utilities issue first mortgage bonds secured by a lien on utility plant. The California Utilities may issue additional first mortgage bonds upon compliance with the provisions of their bond agreements (indentures). These indentures require, among other things, the satisfaction of pro forma earnings-coverage tests on first mortgage bond interest and the availability of sufficient mortgaged property to support the additional bonds, after giving effect to prior bond redemptions. The most restrictive of these tests (the property test) would permit the issuance, subject to CPUC authorization, of an additional $3.8 billion of first mortgage bonds at SDG&E and $1.06 billion at SoCalGas at December 31, 2013.
 
In September 2013, SDG&E publicly offered and sold $450 million of 3.60-percent first mortgage bonds maturing in 2023. SDG&E used a portion of the proceeds from this offering to redeem all $60 million of its outstanding 5.85-percent Pollution Control Revenue Bonds (PCRB) due in 2021 and $115 million of its outstanding 5.90-percent PCRBs due in 2014.
 
In December 2013, SDG&E redeemed all $14 million of its outstanding 6.8-percent first mortgage bonds due in 2015.
 
 
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT BONDS
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
To secure an approved exemption from sales and use tax, Sempra Natural Gas has incurred through December 31, 2013, $257 million ($3 million in 2013, $53 million in 2012, $84 million in 2011, $42 million in 2010 and $75 million in 2009) out of a maximum available $265 million of long-term debt related to the construction and equipping of its Mississippi Hub natural gas storage facility. After a redemption of $180 million in December 2011, the debt balance remaining at December 31, 2013, is $77 million. The debt is payable to the Mississippi Business Finance Corporation (MBFC), and we recorded bonds receivable from the MBFC for the same amount. Both the financing obligation and the bonds receivable have interest rates of 4.5 percent and are due on July 1, 2024.
 

 
OTHER LONG-TERM DEBT
 
 
Sempra Energy
 
In November 2013, Sempra Energy publicly offered and sold $500 million of 4.05-percent notes maturing in 2023.
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
Chilquinta Energía has outstanding Chilean public bonds denominated in Chilean Unidades de Fomento. The Chilean Unidad de Fomento is a unit of account used in Chile that is adjusted for inflation, and its value is quoted in Chilean Pesos. In May 2013, Chilquinta Energía retired $86 million of outstanding Series A Chilean public bonds maturing in 2014 with a stated interest rate of 2.75 percent.
 
Luz del Sur has outstanding corporate bonds and bank loans which are denominated in the local currency. During 2013, Luz del Sur publicly offered and sold $30 million of corporate bonds at 5.81 percent maturing in 2017 and $30 million of corporate bonds at 7.03 percent maturing in 2021. Additionally, Luz del Sur drew bank loans in 2013 as follows:
 

2013 BANK LOAN DRAWS – LUZ DEL SUR
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Amount at
 
 
 
Month Issued
Issuance
Interest Rate 
 
Maturity Date
June
$
 11 
5.50%
 
June 25, 2016
July
 
 5 
6.00%
 
July 11, 2016
July
 
 14 
5.85%
 
July 24, 2016
December
 
 22 
6.41%
 
December 20, 2018

 
Sempra Mexico
 
On February 14, 2013, IEnova publicly offered and sold in Mexico $306 million (U.S. dollar equivalent) of 6.3-percent notes maturing in 2023 with a U.S. dollar equivalent rate of 4.12 percent after entering into a cross-currency swap for U.S. dollars at the time of issuance. IEnova also publicly offered and sold in Mexico $102 million (U.S. dollar equivalent) of variable rate notes, maturing in 2018, which after a floating-to-fixed cross-currency swap for U.S. dollars at the time of issuance, carry a U.S. dollar equivalent rate of 2.66 percent. The notes and related interest are denominated in Mexican pesos, and the interest rate for the variable rate notes is based on the 28-day Interbank Equilibrium Interest Rate plus 30 basis points. IEnova used $357 million of the proceeds of the notes for the repayment of intercompany debt, including accrued interest, primarily to other Sempra Energy consolidated foreign entities.
 
 
Sempra Renewables
 
In May 2013, Copper Mountain Solar 2 entered into a loan agreement with a syndicate of banks to borrow up to $286 million and took a draw of $146 million in May 2013, the proceeds of which were distributed to Sempra Renewables to reimburse it for the first phase of construction costs of the project. The loan, which is secured by the project, is payable semi-annually and fully matures in May 2023. To partially moderate its exposure to interest rate changes, Copper Mountain Solar 2 entered into floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps for 75 percent of the loan amount, resulting in an effective fixed rate of 5.33 percent. The remaining 25 percent bears interest at rates varying with market rates. In connection with the loan agreement, Copper Mountain Solar 2 may also utilize up to $60 million under a letter of credit facility, which may be used to meet project collateral requirements and debt service reserve requirements.
 
In September 2011, Sempra Renewables entered into a loan agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to borrow up to $337 million, which includes $7 million of accrued interest. Sempra Renewables took draws of $13 million in June 2013 at 3.03 percent, $253 million in November 2012 at 2.26 percent and $33 million in December 2012 at 2.24 percent, the proceeds of which were applied to construction costs of the Mesquite Solar 1 project. The loan is payable semi-annually and fully matures in January 2031.
 
In the third quarter of 2013, Sempra Renewables sold 50-percent interests in Copper Mountain Solar 2 and Mesquite Solar 1 to ConEdison Development. Sempra Renewables’ interests are now accounted for under the equity method and its long-term debt of $146 million at Copper Mountain Solar 2 and $297 million at Mesquite Solar 1 was deconsolidated upon the sales. We provide further discussion of the sales in Note 3.
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
In December 2013, Willmut Gas obtained a $5 million term loan carrying an interest rate of 3.1 percent and maturing December 30, 2018. This loan is secured by Willmut Gas’ property, plant and equipment.
 
 
INTEREST RATE SWAPS
 
We discuss our fair value interest rate swaps and interest rate swaps to hedge cash flows in Note 9.
 


 
NOTE 6. INCOME TAXES
 

Reconciliation of net U.S. statutory federal income tax rates to the effective income tax rates is as follows:
 

RECONCILIATION OF FEDERAL INCOME TAX RATES TO EFFECTIVE INCOME TAX RATES
 
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012
2011
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate
 35 
% 
 35 
% 
 35 
% 
Utility depreciation
 4 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
Income tax restructuring related to IEnova stock offerings
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
 1 
 
 (1)
 
 2 
 
Utility repairs expenditures
 (5)
 
 (8)
 
 (1)
 
Tax credits
 (3)
 
 (7)
 
 (1)
 
Non-U.S. earnings taxed at lower statutory income tax rates
 (3)
 
 (4)
 
 (8)
 
Self-developed software expenditures
 (3)
 
 (5)
 
 (3)
 
Adjustments to prior years’ income tax items
 (3)
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction
 (1)
 
 (4)
 
 (2)
 
Variable interest entities
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
Life insurance contracts
 ― 
 
 (7)
 
 ― 
 
Mexican foreign exchange and inflation effects
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 (1)
 
Other, net
 1 
 
 2 
 
 (1)
 
    Effective income tax rate
 26 
% 
 6 
% 
 23 
% 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate
 35 
% 
 35 
% 
 35 
% 
Depreciation
 5 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
Utility repairs expenditures
 (4)
 
 (4)
 
 (1)
 
Self-developed software expenditures
 (3)
 
 (3)
 
 (3)
 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction
 (2)
 
 (4)
 
 (4)
 
Variable interest entity
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
Adjustments to prior years’ income tax items
 (1)
 
 (3)
 
 ― 
 
Other, net
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
    Effective income tax rate
 31 
% 
 27 
% 
 34 
% 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate
 35 
% 
 35 
% 
 35 
% 
Depreciation
 6 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit
 4 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
Utility repairs expenditures
 (9)
 
 (12)
 
 ― 
 
Self-developed software expenditures
 (6)
 
 (9)
 
 (7)
 
Adjustments to prior years’ income tax items
 (5)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
Allowance for equity funds used during construction
 (1)
 
 (2)
 
 (2)
 
Other, net
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 (3)
 
    Effective income tax rate
 24 
% 
 21 
% 
 33 
% 

In 2013, 2012 and 2011, non-U.S. earnings taxed at lower statutory income tax rates than the U.S. are primarily related to operations in Mexico, Chile and Peru. In 2011, the earnings in Chile and Peru include the impact of the $277 million remeasurement gain related to our acquisition of controlling interests in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur, which was non-taxable. We discuss this gain further in Note 3.
 
In 2013, our effective income tax rate was also affected by $63 million of income tax expense recorded in the first quarter of 2013 resulting from a corporate reorganization in connection with the IEnova stock offerings. We discuss the stock offerings further in Note 1.
 
Utility repairs expenditures significantly affecting the effective income tax rates for Sempra Energy Consolidated, SDG&E and SoCalGas in 2013 and 2012 are due to a change in 2012 in the income tax treatment of certain repairs that are capitalized for financial statement purposes. The change in income tax treatment of certain repairs for electric transmission and distribution assets, which applied to SDG&E, was made pursuant to an Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Revenue Procedure providing a safe harbor for deducting certain repairs expenditures from taxable income when incurred for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. A $22 million benefit for SDG&E related to the 2011 U.S. federal income tax return filed in the third quarter of 2012 is included in Adjustments to Prior Years’ Income Tax Items in the table above. The change in income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures for gas plant assets, which applied to SoCalGas, was made pursuant to an IRS Revenue Procedure, which allows, under an Internal Revenue Code section, such expenditures to be deducted from taxable income when incurred.
 
Life insurance contracts significantly affected the effective tax rate for Sempra Energy Consolidated in 2012 primarily due to our decision in the second quarter of 2012 to hold life insurance contracts kept in support of certain benefit plans to term. Previously, we took the position that we might cash in or sell these contracts before maturity, which required that we record deferred income taxes on unrealized gains on investments held within the insurance contracts.
 
In September 2013, the IRS and U.S. Department of the Treasury released final tangible property regulations on the capitalization and expensing rules applicable to expenditures for the acquisition and production of tangible property. A company must conform its tax accounting methods and elect any safe harbors under the final regulations no later than January 1, 2014, however, if a change in the company’s tax accounting methods is required to conform to the final regulations, the company must adjust its deferred tax balances in the current period for any tax adjustments required to bring all prior periods into compliance with the final regulations. We evaluated our deferred tax balances based on the guidance contained in the final tangible property regulations and determined that we are following the guidance in all material respects. Any adjustments to deferred taxes resulting from changes to comply with the final tangible property regulations would have a de minimus impact on the financial statements. Accordingly, we have not made any adjustment to our deferred tax balances at December 31, 2013 based on the issuance of the final tangible property regulations.
 
The CPUC requires flow-through rate-making treatment for the current income tax benefit or expense arising from certain property-related and other temporary differences between the treatment for financial reporting and income tax, which will reverse over time. Under the regulatory accounting treatment required for these flow-through temporary differences, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are not recorded to deferred income tax expense, but rather to a regulatory asset or liability, which results in impacting the current effective income tax rate. As a result, changes in the relative size of these items compared to pretax income, from period to period, can cause variations in the effective income tax rate. The following items are subject to flow-through treatment:
 
§  
repairs expenditures related to a certain portion of utility plant fixed assets
 
§  
the equity portion of AFUDC
 
§  
a portion of the cost of removal of utility plant assets
 
§  
self-developed software expenditures
 
§  
depreciation on a certain portion of utility plant assets
 
The AFUDC related to equity recorded for regulated construction projects at Sempra Mexico has similar flow-through treatment.
 
We use the deferral method for investment tax credits (ITC). For certain solar and wind generating assets placed into service during 2012 and 2011, we elected to seek cash grants rather than ITC for which the projects also qualify. Accordingly, cash grant accounting was applied. Grant accounting for cash grants is very similar to the deferral method of accounting for ITC, the primary difference being the recording of a cash grant receivable instead of an income tax receivable.
 
Under the deferral method of accounting for ITC and under grant accounting for cash grants, we record a deferred income tax benefit, on day one, which is reflected in income tax expense by recording a deferred income tax asset during the year the renewable energy assets are placed in service. This deferred income tax asset results from the day-one difference in the income tax basis and financial statement basis of the renewable energy assets, referred to as the day-one basis difference. The financial statement basis of the assets is reduced by 100 percent of the ITC or grant expected; U.S. federal income tax basis is reduced by only 50 percent for both ITC and grants; and state income tax basis is reduced by 50 percent for grants and not at all for ITC.
 
Cash grants are generally expected to be collectible in cash shortly after a project is constructed. Conversion of ITC to cash is generally dependent on reducing income tax payments and thus the existence of a U.S. federal net operating loss (NOL) carryforward can result in delaying this conversion.
 

The geographic components of Income Before Income Taxes and Equity Earnings of Certain Unconsolidated Subsidiaries at Sempra Energy are as follows:
 

 
Years ended December 31, 
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012
2011
U.S.
$
 941 
$
 442 
$
 1,011 
Non-U.S.
 
 489 
 
 501 
 
 712 
Total
$
 1,430 
$
 943 
$
 1,723 

The components of income tax expense are as follows:
 

INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    U.S. Federal
$ 
 (70)
$ 
 (36)
$ 
 76 
    U.S. State
 
 (5)
 
 (6)
 
 (3)
    Non-U.S.
 
 107 
 
 144 
 
 149 
        Total
 
 32 
 
 102 
 
 222 
Deferred:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    U.S. Federal
 
 275 
 
 (63)
 
 176 
    U.S. State
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 43 
    Non-U.S.
 
 48 
 
 20 
 
 (45)
        Total
 
 338 
 
 (40)
 
 174 
Deferred investment tax credits
 
 (4)
 
 (3)
 
 (2)
        Total income tax expense
$ 
 366 
$ 
 59 
$ 
 394 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    U.S. Federal
$ 
 9 
$ 
 (109)
$ 
 (59)
    U.S. State
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 6 
        Total
 
 20 
 
 (95)
 
 (53)
Deferred:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    U.S. Federal
 
 149 
 
 255 
 
 253 
    U.S. State
 
 24 
 
 30 
 
 36 
        Total
 
 173 
 
 285 
 
 289 
Deferred investment tax credits
 
 (2)
 
 ― 
 
 1 
        Total income tax expense
$ 
 191 
$ 
 190 
$ 
 237 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    U.S. Federal
$ 
 4 
$ 
 (73)
$ 
 (6)
    U.S. State
 
 (5)
 
 24 
 
 19 
        Total
 
 (1)
 
 (49)
 
 13 
Deferred:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    U.S. Federal
 
 103 
 
 136 
 
 128 
    U.S. State
 
 16 
 
 (6)
 
 5 
        Total
 
 119 
 
 130 
 
 133 
Deferred investment tax credits
 
 (2)
 
 (2)
 
 (3)
        Total income tax expense
$ 
 116 
$ 
 79 
$ 
 143 


We show the components of deferred income taxes at December 31 for Sempra Energy Consolidated, SDG&E and SoCalGas in the tables below:
 

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES FOR SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
(Dollars in millions)
 
December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
Deferred income tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
    Differences in financial and tax bases of depreciable and amortizable assets
$ 
 3,951 
$ 
 3,710 
    Regulatory balancing accounts
 
 663 
 
 770 
    Unrealized revenue
 
 15 
 
 3 
    Loss on reacquired debt
 
 8 
 
 9 
    Property taxes
 
 50 
 
 46 
    Difference in financial and tax bases of partnership interests
 
 256 
 
 118 
    Other deferred income tax liabilities
 
 72 
 
 55 
        Total deferred income tax liabilities
 
 5,015 
 
 4,711 
Deferred income tax assets:
 
 
 
 
    Tax credits
 
 105 
 
 67 
    Equity losses
 
 16 
 
 16 
    Net operating losses
 
 2,023 
 
 1,898 
    Compensation-related items
 
 128 
 
 156 
    Postretirement benefits
 
 264 
 
 587 
    Other deferred income tax assets
 
 14 
 
 90 
    State income taxes
 
 30 
 
 58 
    Bad debt allowance
 
 8 
 
 8 
    Litigation and other accruals not yet deductible
 
 20 
 
 7 
        Deferred income tax assets before valuation allowances
 
 2,608 
 
 2,887 
        Less: valuation allowances
 
 96 
 
 128 
            Total deferred income tax assets
 
 2,512 
 
 2,759 
Net deferred income tax liability
$ 
 2,503 
$ 
 1,952 
Our policy is to show deferred income taxes of VIEs on a net basis, including valuation allowances. See table “Amounts Associated with Otay Mesa VIE” in Note 1 for further information.


DEFERRED INCOME TAXES FOR SDG&E AND SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas 
 
December 31, 
December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2013 
2012 
Deferred income tax liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Differences in financial and tax bases of
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        utility plant and other assets
$ 
 2,040 
$ 
 1,947 
$ 
 1,045 
$ 
 938 
    Regulatory balancing accounts
 
 411 
 
 344 
 
 265 
 
 439 
    Loss on reacquired debt
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 7 
    Property taxes
 
 36 
 
 32 
 
 16 
 
 15 
    Other
 
 25 
 
 22 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
        Total deferred income tax liabilities
 
 2,515 
 
 2,349 
 
 1,332 
 
 1,399 
Deferred income tax assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net operating losses
 
 440 
 
 446 
 
 65 
 
 34 
    Postretirement benefits
 
 57 
 
 137 
 
 126 
 
 370 
    Tax credits
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 12 
 
 14 
    Compensation-related items
 
 13 
 
 14 
 
 38 
 
 48 
    State income taxes
 
 22 
 
 31 
 
 10 
 
 18 
    Litigation and other accruals not yet deductible
 
 45 
 
 38 
 
 27 
 
 21 
    Hedging transaction
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 7 
    Other
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 11 
 
 9 
        Total deferred income tax assets
 
 597 
 
 687 
 
 294 
 
 521 
Net deferred income tax liability
$ 
 1,918 
$ 
 1,662 
$ 
 1,038 
$ 
 878 
Our policy is to show deferred income taxes of VIEs on a net basis, including valuation allowances. See table “Amounts Associated with Otay Mesa VIE” in Note 1 for further information.

The net deferred income tax liabilities are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31 as follows:
 

NET DEFERRED INCOME TAX LIABILITY
(Dollars in millions)
 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated
SDG&E
SoCalGas
 
2013 
2012 
2013 
2012 
2013 
2012 
Current (asset) liability
$ 
 (301)
$ 
 (148)
$ 
 (103)
$ 
 26 
$ 
 45 
$ 
 (3)
Noncurrent liability
 
 2,804 
 
 2,100 
 
 2,021 
 
 1,636 
 
 993 
 
 881 
Total
$ 
 2,503 
$ 
 1,952 
$ 
 1,918 
$ 
 1,662 
$ 
 1,038 
$ 
 878 

At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy has recorded a valuation allowance against a portion of its total deferred income tax assets, as shown above in the “Deferred Income Taxes for Sempra Energy Consolidated” table. A valuation allowance is recorded when, based on more-likely-than-not criteria, negative evidence outweighs positive evidence with regard to our ability to realize a deferred income tax asset in the future. Of the valuation allowances recorded to date, the negative evidence outweighs the positive evidence primarily due to cumulative pretax losses in various U.S. state and non-U.S. jurisdictions resulting in a deferred income tax asset related to NOLs, as discussed below, that we currently do not believe will be realized on a more-likely-than-not basis. At both Sempra Energy and SDG&E, deferred income taxes for variable interest entities are shown on a net basis. Therefore, valuation allowances of $60 million at December 31, 2013 and $108 million at December 31, 2012 related to variable interest entities are not reflected in the table above. Of Sempra Energy’s total valuation allowance of $96 million at December 31, 2013, $12 million is related to non-U.S. NOLs and $84 million to U.S. state NOLs. Of Sempra Energy’s total valuation allowance of $128 million at December 31, 2012, $20 million is related to non U.S. NOLs, $100 million to U.S. state NOLs and $8 million to other future U.S. state temporary differences. The total valuation allowance decreased in 2013 primarily due to a reduction in the U.S. state temporary differences and release of Mexico valuation allowance. We believe that it is more-likely-than-not that the remainder of the total deferred income tax asset is realizable.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy’s non-U.S. subsidiaries had $61 million of unused NOLs available to utilize in the future to reduce Sempra Energy’s future non-U.S. income tax expense related to our holding companies in Mexico, the Netherlands and Spain. The carryforward periods for our non-U.S. unused NOLs expire between 2014 and 2023. As of December 31, 2013, our Mexican subsidiaries have NOLs of $182 million, of which $165 million have been utilized on a consolidated level. As part of the Mexican tax reform enacted in 2014, the $165 million of NOLs utilized in consolidation is subject to recapture between 2014 and 2018. These NOLs expire between 2016 and 2023. Sempra Energy’s U.S. subsidiaries had $2.9 billion of unused U.S. state NOLs, primarily in Alabama, California, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma and Pennsylvania. These U.S. state NOLs expire between 2014 and 2032. We have not recorded deferred income tax benefits on a portion of Sempra Energy’s total non-U.S. and U.S. state NOLs because we currently believe they will not be realized on a more-likely-than-not basis, as discussed above. Sempra Natural Gas is currently progressing with plans for a development project to utilize its Cameron LNG receipt terminal for the liquefaction of natural gas and export of LNG. Depending on achieving certain milestones related to the project, we expect to release approximately $20 million to $25 million of Louisiana valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset. The timing of the release of the valuation allowance and the amount can vary depending upon ultimate contractual agreements and forecasted economics. Sempra Energy’s consolidated U.S. subsidiaries had $5.1 billion of unused U.S. federal consolidated NOLs that will begin to expire in 2031. Included in this amount is $0.2 billion of excess tax deductions related to employee stock expense for which a benefit will be recorded to additional paid in capital when realized. We have recorded deferred income tax benefits on these NOLs, in total, because we currently believe they will be realized on a more-likely-than-not basis.
 
At December 31, 2013, SDG&E had $1.2 billion of unused U.S. federal NOLs (the remaining 2011 NOL of $24 million expires in 2031 and the 2012 NOL of $1.2 billion expires in 2032). We have recorded deferred income tax benefits on these NOLs, in total, because we currently believe they will be realized on a more-likely-than-not basis. At December 31, 2013, SoCalGas had $172 million of unused U.S. federal NOL which expires in 2032. We have recorded a deferred income tax benefit on this NOL, in total, because we currently believe it will be realized on a more-likely-than-not basis.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy had not recognized a U.S. deferred income tax liability related to a $3.3 billion basis difference between its financial statement and income tax investment amount in its non-U.S. subsidiaries and non-U.S. corporate joint ventures. This basis difference consists of $3.3 billion of cumulative undistributed earnings that we expect to reinvest indefinitely outside of the U.S., which includes the $0.3 billion gain related to the remeasurement of equity method investments in Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur that we discuss in Note 3. These cumulative undistributed earnings have previously been reinvested or will be reinvested in active non-U.S. operations, thus we do not intend to use these earnings as a source of funding for U.S. operations. It is not practical to determine the hypothetical unrecognized amount of U.S. deferred income taxes that might be payable if the cumulative undistributed earnings were eventually distributed or the investments were sold. U.S. deferred income taxes would be recorded on $3.3 billion of the basis difference related to cumulative undistributed earnings if we no longer intend to indefinitely reinvest all, or a part, of the cumulative undistributed earnings.
 

Following is a summary of unrecognized income tax benefits:
 

SUMMARY OF UNRECOGNIZED INCOME TAX BENEFITS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31,
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$ 
 90 
$ 
 82 
$ 
 72 
Of the total, amounts related to tax positions that,
 
 
 
 
 
 
if recognized in future years, would
 
 
 
 
 
 
   decrease the effective tax rate
$ 
 (86)
$ 
 (81)
$ 
 (72)
   increase the effective tax rate
 
 19 
 
 16 
 
 7 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$ 
 17 
$ 
 12 
$ 
 7 
Of the total, amounts related to tax positions that,
 
 
 
 
 
 
if recognized in future years, would
 
 
 
 
 
 
   decrease the effective tax rate
$ 
 (14)
$ 
 (12)
$ 
 (7)
   increase the effective tax rate
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 7 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$ 
 13 
$ 
 5 
$ 
 ― 
Of the total, amounts related to tax positions that,
 
 
 
 
 
 
if recognized in future years, would
 
 
 
 
 
 
   decrease the effective tax rate
$ 
 (13)
$ 
 (5)
$ 
 ― 
   increase the effective tax rate
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 ― 

Following is a reconciliation of the changes in unrecognized income tax benefits for the years ended December 31:
 

RECONCILIATION OF UNRECOGNIZED INCOME TAX BENEFITS
(Dollars in millions)
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of January 1
$ 
 82 
$ 
 72 
$ 
 97 
    Increase in prior period tax positions
 
 26 
 
 2 
 
 7 
    Decrease in prior period tax positions
 
 (24)
 
 (1)
 
 (26)
    Increase in current period tax positions
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 3 
    Settlements with taxing authorities
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (9)
Balance as of December 31
$ 
 90 
$ 
 82 
$ 
 72 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of January 1
$ 
 12 
$ 
 7 
$ 
 5 
    Increase in prior period tax positions
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
    Decrease in prior period tax positions
 
 (4)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Increase in current period tax positions
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
Balance as of December 31
$ 
 17 
$ 
 12 
$ 
 7 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of January 1
$ 
 5 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 8 
    Increase in prior period tax positions
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
    Increase in current period tax positions
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
    Settlements with taxing authorities
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (10)
Balance as of December 31
$ 
 13 
$ 
 5 
$ 
 ― 


It is reasonably possible that within the next 12 months, unrecognized income tax benefits could decrease due to the following:
 

POSSIBLE DECREASES IN UNRECOGNIZED INCOME TAX BENEFITS WITHIN 12 MONTHS
(Dollars in millions)
 
At December 31,
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expiration of statutes of limitations on tax assessments
$ 
 (7)
$ 
 (7)
$ 
 (7)
Potential resolution of audit issues with various
 
 
 
 
 
 
     U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. taxing authorities
 
 (63)
 
 (10)
 
 ― 
 
$ 
 (70)
$ 
 (17)
$ 
 (7)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Potential resolution of audit issues with various
 
 
 
 
 
 
     U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. taxing authorities
$ 
 (14)
$ 
 (5)
$ 
 ― 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Potential resolution of audit issues with various
 
 
 
 
 
 
     U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. taxing authorities
$ 
 (11)
$ 
 (4)
$ 
 ― 

Amounts accrued for interest and penalties associated with unrecognized income tax benefits are included in income tax expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The amounts accrued at December 31 on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for interest and penalties associated with unrecognized income tax benefits are stated alongside in the table below.
 

INTEREST AND PENALTIES ASSOCIATED WITH UNRECOGNIZED INCOME TAX BENEFITS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Interest and penalties 
 
Accrued interest and penalties 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
December 31,
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
2013 
2012 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense (income)
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (3)
 
$ 
 4 
$ 
 3 
Penalties
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 
 3 
 
 3 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 1 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest (income) expense
$ 
 (1)
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (1)
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 

Penalties accrued and expensed at SDG&E and SoCalGas in all periods presented were zero or negligible.
 
 
INCOME TAX AUDITS
 
Sempra Energy is subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as to income tax of multiple state and non-U.S. jurisdictions. We remain subject to examination for U.S. federal tax years after 2008. We are subject to examination by major state tax jurisdictions for tax years after 2005. Certain major non-U.S. income tax returns from 2007 through the present are open to examination.
 
In addition, we have filed state refund claims for tax years back to 1998, and PE has filed state refund claims for tax years back to 1993. The pre-2006 tax years are closed to new issues; therefore, no additional tax may be assessed by the taxing authorities for these years.
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of state jurisdictions. They remain subject to examination for U.S. federal years after 2008 and by major state tax jurisdictions for years after 2005.
 


 
NOTE 7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
 

We are required by applicable U.S. GAAP to:
 
§  
recognize an asset for a plan’s overfunded status or a liability for a plan’s underfunded status in the statement of financial position;
§  
measure a plan’s assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the fiscal year (with limited exceptions); and
§  
recognize changes in the funded status of pension and other postretirement benefit plans in the year in which the changes occur. Generally, those changes are reported in other comprehensive income and as a separate component of shareholders’ equity.
 
The detailed information presented below covers the employee benefit plans of Sempra Energy and its principal subsidiaries.
 
Sempra Energy has funded and unfunded noncontributory defined benefit plans, including separate plans for SDG&E and SoCalGas, which collectively cover substantially all domestic and certain foreign employees, and members of the Sempra Energy board of directors who were participants in a predecessor plan on or before June 1, 1998. The plans generally provide defined benefits based on years of service and either final average or career salary.
 
Chilquinta Energía, which was acquired by Sempra Energy in 2011, has an unfunded contributory defined benefit plan covering all employees hired before October 1, 1981 and an unfunded noncontributory termination indemnity obligation covering all employees. The plans generally provide defined benefits to retirees based on date of hire, years of service and final average salary.
 
Sempra Energy also has other postretirement benefit plans (PBOP), including separate plans for SDG&E and SoCalGas, which collectively cover all domestic (except Willmut Gas) and certain foreign employees. The life insurance plans are both contributory and noncontributory, and the health care plans are contributory. Participants’ contributions are adjusted annually. Other postretirement benefits include medical benefits for retirees’ spouses.
 
Chilquinta Energía also has two noncontributory postretirement benefit plans which cover substantially all employees – a health care plan and an energy subsidy plan that provides for reduced energy rates. The health care plan includes benefits for retirees’ spouses and dependents.
 
Pension and other postretirement benefits costs and obligations are dependent on assumptions used in calculating such amounts. These assumptions include
 
§  
discount rates
§  
expected return on plan assets
§  
health care cost trend rates
§  
mortality rates
§  
rate of compensation increases
§  
termination and retirement rates
§  
utilization of postretirement welfare benefits
§  
payout elections (lump sum or annuity)
§  
lump sum interest rates

We review these assumptions on an annual basis prior to the beginning of each year and update them as appropriate. We consider current market conditions, including interest rates, in making these assumptions. We use a December 31 measurement date for all of our plans.
 
 
RABBI TRUST
 
In support of its Supplemental Executive Retirement, Cash Balance Restoration and Deferred Compensation Plans, Sempra Energy maintains dedicated assets, including a Rabbi Trust and investments in life insurance contracts, which totaled $506 million and $510 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
 

 
PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS
 
 
Benefit Plan Amendments Affecting 2013
 
Effective July 1, 2014, an enhanced pension benefit will be provided to certain employees of SoCalGas who transfer from a represented to a nonrepresented position after June 30, 1998. This increased the pension benefit obligation by $27 million at each of Sempra Energy Consolidated and SoCalGas.
 
Effective April 1, 2014, we will provide a one-time, ad hoc cost of living adjustment of 13.2 percent for SoCalGas and PE retirees who retired prior to July 1, 1996 and their beneficiaries that are receiving qualified pension benefits in the form of an annuity. This election increased the pension benefit obligation by $40 million at Sempra Energy Consolidated and $39 million at SoCalGas.
 
Effective January 1, 2013, the face value of the fully paid life insurance benefit for employees that participate in our Executive Retirement Life Insurance Program and retire after December 31, 2012 was increased from one times pay to one-and-a-half times pay. In addition, the tax gross-ups paid to the retiring employee based on the value of the final premium were eliminated. These changes resulted in a decrease of the other postretirement benefit obligation of $4 million at Sempra Energy Consolidated.
 
Effective January 1, 2014, the benefits provided by one of the dental plans available to all employees that participate in the plans, except the represented employees at SoCalGas, were enhanced to increase the annual total maximum and lifetime orthodontic maximum covered costs. In addition, the costs of diagnostic and preventive services were excluded from the total covered annual maximum costs.  These plan design changes increased the recorded liability for other postretirement benefits by $1 million at each of Sempra Energy Consolidated and SoCalGas.
 
The plan amendments above were adopted in 2013, and therefore reflected in the 2013 pension and other postretirement benefit obligations.
 
 
Benefit Plan Amendments Affecting 2012
 
Effective January 1, 2012, the pension plan death benefit for represented employees at SoCalGas was enhanced to the full value of the benefit that the participant would have received had the employee terminated employment and taken a distribution of their benefit. Effective October 1, 2012, the death benefit for represented employees at SDG&E was similarly enhanced. This increased the benefit obligation by approximately $8 million for Sempra Energy Consolidated, $1 million for SDG&E and $7 million for SoCalGas.
 
Effective January 1, 2012, SoCalGas’ represented employees with less than 15 years of service now receive a defined dollar benefit to cover postretirement medical benefits. This amendment was the result of the ratification on March 1, 2012 of the SoCalGas union collective bargaining agreement (CBA) covering wages, hours, working conditions and medical and other benefit plans effective January 1, 2012 through September 30, 2015.  The amendment resulted in a remeasurement of the SoCalGas other postretirement benefit liability as of February 29, 2012. The effect of this plan change as of December 31, 2012 was a decrease in the recorded liability for other postretirement benefits of $53 million at each of Sempra Energy Consolidated and SoCalGas.
 
Effective January 1, 2012, certain postretirement plans were amended to effectively reverse the 2011 amendment that increased employer contributions to maintain the grandfathered retiree plan status under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), described below, as it was no longer required due to a restructuring of benefits provided under the plans. The 2012 amendment resulted in a decrease in the recorded liability for other postretirement benefits of approximately $3 million for Sempra Energy Consolidated, $2 million for SDG&E and $1 million for SoCalGas.
 
 
Special Termination Benefits Affecting 2013
 
All nonrepresented employees of SDG&E and SoCalGas who were age 62 and had 5 years of service and all other nonrepresented employees who were age 55 and had 10 years of service that retired under the Voluntary Retirement Enhancement Program (VREP) offered in 2013 received an additional postretirement health benefit in the form of a $50,000 Health Reimbursement Account (HRA). In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we elected to treat the benefit obligation attributable to the HRA as special termination benefits.  This resulted in a one-time charge that increased the recorded liability for other postretirement benefits by approximately $5 million for Sempra Energy Consolidated, $2 million for SDG&E and $2 million for SoCalGas.
 

 
Benefit Obligations and Assets
 
The following three tables provide a reconciliation of the changes in the plans’ projected benefit obligations and the fair value of assets during 2013 and 2012, and a statement of the funded status at December 31, 2013 and 2012:
 

PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION, FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND FUNDED STATUS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net obligation at January 1
$ 
 3,804 
$ 
 3,406 
 
$ 
 1,115 
$ 
 1,160 
Service cost
 
 109 
 
 90 
 
 
 28 
 
 25 
Interest cost
 
 148 
 
 162 
 
 
 44 
 
 52 
Contributions from plan participants
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 16 
 
 15 
Actuarial (gain) loss
 
 (371)
 
 374 
 
 
 (177)
 
 (25)
Benefit payments
 
 (293)
 
 (217)
 
 
 (55)
 
 (56)
Plan amendments
 
 67 
 
 8 
 
 
 (3)
 
 (56)
Special termination benefits
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
Settlements
 
 (5)
 
 (19)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Net obligation at December 31
 
 3,459 
 
 3,804 
 
 
 973 
 
 1,115 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at January 1
 
 2,558 
 
 2,332 
 
 
 873 
 
 778 
Actual return on plan assets
 
 396 
 
 339 
 
 
 151 
 
 97 
Employer contributions
 
 133 
 
 123 
 
 
 27 
 
 39 
Contributions from plan participants
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 16 
 
 15 
Benefit payments
 
 (293)
 
 (217)
 
 
 (55)
 
 (56)
Settlements
 
 (5)
 
 (19)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Fair value of plan assets at December 31
 
 2,789 
 
 2,558 
 
 
 1,012 
 
 873 
Funded status at December 31
$ 
 (670)
$ 
 (1,246)
 
$ 
 39 
$ 
 (242)
Net recorded (liability) asset at December 31
$ 
 (670)
$ 
 (1,246)
 
$ 
 39 
$ 
 (242)


PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION, FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND FUNDED STATUS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits 
SDG&E
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net obligation at January 1
$ 
 1,067 
$ 
 981 
 
$ 
 185 
$ 
 182 
Service cost
 
 32 
 
 28 
 
 
 8 
 
 7 
Interest cost
 
 41 
 
 45 
 
 
 8 
 
 9 
Contributions from plan participants
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 6 
 
 6 
Actuarial (gain) loss
 
 (66)
 
 87 
 
 
 (19)
 
 (5)
Benefit payments
 
 (89)
 
 (75)
 
 
 (12)
 
 (12)
Plan amendments
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
Special termination benefits
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
Settlements
 
 (4)
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Transfer of liability to other plans
 
 (42)
 
 ― 
 
 
 (7)
 
 ― 
Net obligation at December 31
 
 939 
 
 1,067 
 
 
 171 
 
 185 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at January 1
 
 781 
 
 712 
 
 
 126 
 
 106 
Actual return on plan assets
 
 117 
 
 99 
 
 
 18 
 
 13 
Employer contributions
 
 51 
 
 45 
 
 
 14 
 
 13 
Contributions from plan participants
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 6 
 
 6 
Benefit payments
 
 (89)
 
 (75)
 
 
 (12)
 
 (12)
Settlements
 
 (4)
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Transfer of assets to other plans
 
 (37)
 
 ― 
 
 
 (6)
 
 ― 
Fair value of plan assets at December 31
 
 819 
 
 781 
 
 
 146 
 
 126 
Funded status at December 31
$ 
 (120)
$ 
 (286)
 
$ 
 (25)
$ 
 (59)
Net recorded liability at December 31
$ 
 (120)
$ 
 (286)
 
$ 
 (25)
$ 
 (59)


PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION, FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND FUNDED STATUS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits 
SoCalGas
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
CHANGE IN PROJECTED BENEFIT OBLIGATION:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net obligation at January 1
$ 
 2,299 
$ 
 2,017 
 
$ 
 873 
$ 
 921 
Service cost
 
 67 
 
 53 
 
 
 17 
 
 16 
Interest cost
 
 90 
 
 99 
 
 
 34 
 
 41 
Contributions from plan participants
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 10 
 
 9 
Actuarial (gain) loss
 
 (285)
 
 245 
 
 
 (151)
 
 (19)
Benefit payments
 
 (169)
 
 (120)
 
 
 (40)
 
 (41)
Plan amendments
 
 66 
 
 7 
 
 
 1 
 
 (54)
Special termination benefits
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
Settlements
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Transfer of liability from other plans
 
 42 
 
 ― 
 
 
 7 
 
 ― 
Net obligation at December 31
 
 2,110 
 
 2,299 
 
 
 753 
 
 873 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at January 1
 
 1,581 
 
 1,443 
 
 
 732 
 
 658 
Actual return on plan assets
 
 250 
 
 213 
 
 
 131 
 
 83 
Employer contributions
 
 59 
 
 47 
 
 
 9 
 
 23 
Contributions from plan participants
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 10 
 
 9 
Benefit payments
 
 (169)
 
 (120)
 
 
 (40)
 
 (41)
Settlements
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Transfer of assets from other plans
 
 37 
 
 ― 
 
 
 6 
 
 ― 
Fair value of plan assets at December 31
 
 1,758 
 
 1,581 
 
 
 848 
 
 732 
Funded status at December 31
$ 
 (352)
$ 
 (718)
 
$ 
 95 
$ 
 (141)
Net recorded (liability) asset at December 31
$ 
 (352)
$ 
 (718)
 
$ 
 95 
$ 
 (141)

The actuarial gains for pension plans in 2013 were primarily due to an increase in the weighted average discount rate and the rate used to convert monthly annuity-type benefits to a lump sum benefit payment.
 
The actuarial gains for other postretirement plans in 2013 resulted from several factors, including an increase in the discount rate, updated census data and actual claims costs at SoCalGas, updates in actual premiums and retiree contributions for 2013, expected decrease in 2014 claims costs based on 2014 renewal premium rates, and a decrease in the healthcare cost trending rate. The actuarial gains were partially offset by the impact of updated census data and actual claims costs at all companies except SoCalGas, changes in retirement and termination rates, and an expected increase in non-spouse dependents for all employees of SoCalGas not covered by the defined dollar benefit.
 
The actuarial losses for pension plans in 2012 were primarily due to a decrease in the weighted average discount rate and the rate used to convert monthly annuity-type benefits to a lump sum benefit payment.
 
The actuarial gains for other postretirement plans in 2012 resulted from several factors, including updated census data and actual claims costs, premiums and retiree contributions for 2012, expected gains on 2013 claims costs based on 2013 renewal premium rates, changes in retirement rate assumptions and the move to an Employer Group Waiver Plan (EGWP) for all represented employees of SoCalGas effective February 29, 2012. An EGWP is an alternative means of providing the existing pharmacy benefit, discussed below. The actuarial gains were partially offset by the impact of a lower discount rate for the obligation remeasurement on February 29, 2012 discussed above and a lower discount rate at the December 31, 2012 measurement date.
 
 
Net Assets and Liabilities
 
The assets and liabilities of the pension and other postretirement benefit plans are affected by changing market conditions as well as when actual plan experience is different than assumed. Such events result in investment gains and losses, which we defer and recognize in pension and other postretirement benefit costs over a period of years. Sempra Energy Consolidated (except for SDG&E) and SoCalGas use the asset smoothing method for their pension and other postretirement plans. This method develops an asset value that recognizes realized and unrealized investment gains and losses over a three-year period. This adjusted asset value, known as the market-related value of assets, is used in conjunction with an expected long-term rate of return to determine the expected return-on-assets component of net periodic cost. SDG&E does not use the asset smoothing method, but rather recognizes realized and unrealized investment gains and losses during the current year.
 
The 10-percent corridor accounting method is used at Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas. Under the corridor accounting method, if as of the beginning of a year unrecognized net gain or loss exceeds 10 percent of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or the market-related value of plan assets, the excess is amortized over the average remaining service period of active participants. The asset smoothing and 10-percent corridor accounting methods help mitigate volatility of net periodic costs from year to year.
 
We recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as assets or liabilities, respectively; unrecognized changes in these assets and/or liabilities are normally recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on the balance sheet. The California Utilities and Mobile Gas record regulatory assets and liabilities that offset the funded pension and other postretirement plans’ assets or liabilities, as these costs are expected to be recovered in future utility rates based on agreements with regulatory agencies. At Willmut Gas, pension contributions are recovered in rates on a prospective basis, but are not recorded as a regulatory asset pending recovery.
 
The California Utilities record annual pension and other postretirement net periodic benefit costs equal to the contributions to their plans as authorized by the CPUC. The annual contributions to the pension plans are limited to a minimum required funding amount as determined by the Internal Revenue Service. The annual contributions to the other postretirement plans are equal to the lesser of the maximum tax deductible amount or the net periodic cost calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP for pension and other postretirement benefit plans. Mobile Gas records annual pension and other postretirement net periodic benefit costs based on an estimate of the net periodic cost at the beginning of the year calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP for pension and other postretirement benefit plans, as authorized by the Alabama Public Service Commission. Any differences between booked net periodic benefit cost and amounts contributed to the pension and other postretirement plans for the California Utilities are disclosed as regulatory adjustments in accordance with U.S. GAAP for regulated entities.
 
The net liability is included in the following captions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31:
 

 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits 
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncurrent assets
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
 
$ 
 95 
$ 
 ― 
Current liabilities
 
 (59)
 
 (31)
 
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
Noncurrent liabilities
 
 (611)
 
 (1,215)
 
 
 (56)
 
 (241)
Net recorded liability
$ 
 (670)
$ 
 (1,246)
 
$ 
 39 
$ 
 (242)
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
$ 
 (13)
$ 
 (5)
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
Noncurrent liabilities
 
 (107)
 
 (281)
 
 
 (25)
 
 (59)
Net recorded liability
$ 
 (120)
$ 
 (286)
 
$ 
 (25)
$ 
 (59)
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncurrent assets
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
 
$ 
 95 
$ 
 ― 
Current liabilities
 
 (13)
 
 (4)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Noncurrent liabilities
 
 (339)
 
 (714)
 
 
 ― 
 
 (141)
Net recorded liability
$ 
 (352)
$ 
 (718)
 
$ 
 95 
$ 
 (141)


Amounts recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, net of income tax effects and amounts recorded as regulatory assets, are as follows:

AMOUNTS IN ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits 
 
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net actuarial loss
$ 
 (73)
$ 
 (96)
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (6)
Prior service credit
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Total
$ 
 (73)
$ 
 (95)
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (6)
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net actuarial loss
$ 
 (10)
$ 
 (12)
 
 
 
 
 
Prior service credit
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$ 
 (9)
$ 
 (11)
 
 
 
 
 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net actuarial loss
$ 
 (5)
$ 
 (4)
 
 
 
 
 
Prior service credit
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
$ 
 (4)
$ 
 (3)
 
 
 
 
 

The accumulated benefit obligation for defined benefit pension plans at December 31, 2013 and 2012 was as follows:
 

 
Sempra Energy Consolidated 
 
SDG&E 
 
SoCalGas 
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
Accumulated benefit obligation
$ 
 3,254 
$ 
 3,530 
 
$ 
 923 
$ 
 1,041 
 
$ 
 1,944 
$ 
 2,080 

Sempra Energy has unfunded and funded pension plans. SDG&E and SoCalGas each have an unfunded and a funded pension plan. The following table shows the obligations of funded pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets as of December 31:
 

(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
$ 
 3,212 
$ 
 3,544 
Accumulated benefit obligation
 
 3,027 
 
 3,295 
Fair value of plan assets
 
 2,789 
 
 2,558 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
$ 
 899 
$ 
 1,025 
Accumulated benefit obligation
 
 886 
 
 1,003 
Fair value of plan assets
 
 819 
 
 781 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
Projected benefit obligation
$ 
 2,085 
$ 
 2,275 
Accumulated benefit obligation
 
 1,920 
 
 2,057 
Fair value of plan assets
 
 1,758 
 
 1,581 


 
Net Periodic Benefit Cost, 2011-2013
 
The following three tables provide the components of net periodic benefit cost and amounts recognized in other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31:
 

NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST AND AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement Benefits 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$ 
 109 
$ 
 90 
$ 
 83 
 
$ 
 28 
$ 
 25 
$ 
 31 
Interest cost
 
 148 
 
 162 
 
 168 
 
 
 44 
 
 52 
 
 65 
Expected return on assets
 
 (162)
 
 (155)
 
 (144)
 
 
 (58)
 
 (53)
 
 (48)
Amortization of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Prior service cost (credit)
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 
 (4)
 
 (4)
 
 ― 
    Actuarial loss
 
 54 
 
 47 
 
 34 
 
 
 7 
 
 12 
 
 17 
Settlement charge
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 13 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Special termination benefits
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Regulatory adjustment
 
 (20)
 
 (29)
 
 43 
 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 7 
Total net periodic benefit cost
 
 135 
 
 126 
 
 201 
 
 
 28 
 
 39 
 
 72 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net (gain) loss
 
 (30)
 
 19 
 
 23 
 
 
 (8)
 
 (6)
 
 7 
Prior service cost
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Amortization of actuarial loss
 
 (9)
 
 (9)
 
 (10)
 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total recognized in other comprehensive income
 
 (38)
 
 10 
 
 13 
 
 
 (9)
 
 (6)
 
 7 
    Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and
        other comprehensive income
$ 
 97 
$ 
 136 
$ 
 214 
 
$ 
 19 
$ 
 33 
$ 
 79 
 

 
NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST AND AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement Benefits 
SDG&E
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$ 
 32 
$ 
 28 
$ 
 28 
 
$ 
 8 
$ 
 7 
$ 
 7 
Interest cost
 
 41 
 
 45 
 
 49 
 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
Expected return on assets
 
 (52)
 
 (47)
 
 (46)
 
 
 (8)
 
 (8)
 
 (8)
Amortization of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Prior service cost
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
    Actuarial loss
 
 14 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Settlement charge
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Special termination benefits
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Regulatory adjustment
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 31 
 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 2 
Total net periodic benefit cost
 
 52 
 
 49 
 
 73 
 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net (gain) loss
 
 (2)
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Amortization of actuarial loss
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total recognized in other comprehensive income
 
 (3)
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and
        other comprehensive income
$ 
 49 
$ 
 50 
$ 
 73 
 
$ 
 14 
$ 
 13 
$ 
 15 


NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST AND AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in millions)
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement Benefits 
SoCalGas
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$ 
 67 
$ 
 53 
$ 
 46 
 
$ 
 17 
$ 
 16 
$ 
 22 
Interest cost
 
 90 
 
 99 
 
 99 
 
 
 34 
 
 41 
 
 53 
Expected return on assets
 
 (98)
 
 (96)
 
 (85)
 
 
 (48)
 
 (44)
 
 (40)
Amortization of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Prior service cost (credit)
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 
 (8)
 
 (7)
 
 (4)
    Actuarial loss
 
 31 
 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 17 
Settlement charge
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Special termination benefits
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Regulatory adjustment
 
 (34)
 
 (36)
 
 12 
 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 5 
Total net periodic benefit cost
 
 58 
 
 46 
 
 92 
 
 
 9 
 
 22 
 
 53 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net loss (gain)
 
 3 
 
 (4)
 
 2 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Amortization of actuarial loss
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total recognized in other comprehensive income
 
 2 
 
 (5)
 
 1 
 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and
        other comprehensive income
$ 
 60 
$ 
 41 
$ 
 93 
 
$ 
 9 
$ 
 22 
$ 
 53 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The estimated net loss for the pension plans that will be amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) into net periodic benefit cost in 2014 is $10 million for Sempra Energy Consolidated, $1 million for SDG&E and $1 million for SoCalGas. Negligible amounts of prior service credit for the pension plans will be similarly amortized in 2014.
 
 
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010
 
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 was enacted in March 2010. We have incorporated the impact on costs of the provisions of this legislation into our determination of projected benefit obligations and accumulated benefit obligations for all of Sempra Energy’s affected plans.
 
 
Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003
 
The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 establishes a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D) and a tax-exempt federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health-care benefit plans that provide a benefit that actuarially is at least equivalent to Medicare Part D. As a result of the ratification of the SoCalGas CBA on March 1, 2012, described above, there was a change in medical plans offered for post-age 65 medical benefits. SoCalGas now administers the Medicare Part D benefit through an EGWP. The EGWP allows a plan sponsor to contract with a Medicare Part D sponsor to receive the benefit of the subsidy through reduced premiums. We have determined that benefits provided to certain participants actuarially will be at least equivalent to Medicare Part D. Due to this election of an EGWP for SoCalGas’ represented employees effective February 29, 2012, and the same election for all other employees on January 1, 2012, as of these dates, we are no longer entitled to a tax-exempt subsidy that reduces our accumulated postretirement benefit obligation under our plans and reduces our net periodic cost in future years.
 
 
Assumptions for Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
 
 
Benefit Obligation and Net Periodic Benefit Cost
 
Except for the Chilquinta Energía plans, we develop the discount rate assumptions based on the results of a third party modeling tool that develops the discount rate by matching each plan’s expected cash flows to interest rates and expected maturity values of individually selected bonds in a hypothetical portfolio. The model controls the level of accumulated surplus that may result from the selection of bonds based solely on their premium yields by limiting the number of years to look back for selection to 3 years for pre-30-year and 6 years for post-30-year benefit payments. Additionally, the model ensures that an adequate number of bonds are selected in the portfolio by limiting the amount of the plan’s benefit payments that can be met by a single bond to 7.5 percent.
 

We selected individual bonds from a universe of Bloomberg AA-rated bonds which:
 
§  
have an outstanding issue of at least $50 million;
 
§  
are non-callable (or callable with make-whole provisions);
 
§  
exclude collateralized bonds; and
 
§  
exclude the top and bottom 10 percent of yields to avoid relying on bonds which might be mispriced or misgraded.
 
This selection methodology also mitigates the impact of market volatility on the portfolio by excluding bonds with the following characteristics:
 
§  
The issuer is on review for downgrade by a major rating agency if the downgrade would eliminate the issuer from the portfolio.
 
§  
Recent events have caused significant price volatility to which rating agencies have not reacted.
 
§  
Lack of liquidity is causing price quotes to vary significantly from broker to broker.
 
We believe that this bond selection approach provides the best estimate of discount rates to estimate settlement values for our plans’ benefit obligations as required by applicable U.S. GAAP.
 
We develop the discount rate assumptions for the plans at Chilquinta Energía based on 10-year Chilean government bond yields and the expected local long-term rate of inflation. This method for developing the discount rate is required when there is no deep market for high quality corporate bonds.
 
Long-term return on assets is based on the weighted-average of the plans’ investment allocation as of the measurement date and the expected returns for those asset types.
 
The significant assumptions affecting benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost are as follows:
 

WEIGHTED-AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED TO DETERMINE BENEFIT OBLIGATION AT DECEMBER 31
 
 
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits 
 
 
2013 
2012 
 
2013 
2012 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 4.84 
% 
 4.04 
% 
 
 4.95 
% 
 4.09 
% 
Rate of compensation increase
3.50-10.00 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
 
3.50-10.00 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 4.69 
% 
 3.94 
% 
 
 5.00 
% 
 4.10 
% 
Rate of compensation increase
3.50-10.00 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
 
3.50-10.00 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 4.94 
% 
 4.10 
% 
 
 4.95 
% 
 4.10 
% 
Rate of compensation increase
3.50-10.00 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
 
3.50-10.00 
 
3.50-9.50 
 


WEIGHTED-AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS USED TO DETERMINE NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST FOR YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31
 
 
 
Pension Benefits 
 
Other Postretirement
Benefits 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 4.04 
% 
4.40-5.05 
% 
4.40-5.14 
% 
 
 4.09 
% 
4.10-5.15 
% 
4.10-5.15 
% 
Expected return on plan assets
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 
 6.96 
 
 6.96 
 
 6.25 
 
Rate of compensation increase
3.50-9.50 
 
3.50-8.50 
 
3.50-8.50 
 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 3.94 
% 
4.70-4.80 
% 
4.70-4.80 
% 
 
 4.10 
% 
 5.05 
% 
 5.05 
% 
Expected return on plan assets
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 
 6.81 
 
 6.81 
 
 6.69 
 
Rate of compensation increase
3.50-9.50 
 
3.50-8.50 
 
3.50-8.50 
 
 
N/A 
 
N/A 
 
N/A 
 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate
 4.10 
% 
4.70-5.05 
% 
4.70-5.05 
% 
 
 4.10 
% 
 5.15 
% 
 5.15 
% 
Expected return on plan assets
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
 7.00 
 
Rate of compensation increase
3.50-9.50 
 
3.50-8.50 
 
3.50-8.50 
 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
3.50-9.50 
 
3.50-9.50 
 

 
Health Care Cost Trend Rates
 
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts that we report for the health care plan costs. Following are the health care cost trend rates applicable to our postretirement benefit plans:
 

 
 
2013 
2012 
ASSUMED HEALTH CARE COST TREND RATES AT DECEMBER 31:
 
 
 
 
Health care cost trend rate
(1)
 
(2)
 
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend)
(3)
 
(4)
 
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend
(5)
 
2020 
 
(1)
8.25% for pre-65 retirees and 5.50% for retirees aged 65 years and older. For Mobile Gas, the health care cost trend rate is assumed to be 7.50%.
(2)
10.00% for pre-65 retirees and 8.25% for retirees aged 65 years and older. For Mobile Gas, the health care cost trend rate is assumed to be 8.00%.
(3)
5.00% for pre-65 retirees and 4.50% for retirees aged 65 years and older. For Mobile Gas, the rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline is 5.00%.
(4)
5.00% for pre-65 retirees and 4.75% for retirees aged 65 years and older. For Mobile Gas, the rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline is 5.00%.
(5)
2019 for Mobile Gas plan and 2020 for all other plans.

A one-percent change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:
 

 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
SDG&E 
 
SoCalGas 
 
1% 
1% 
 
1% 
1% 
 
1% 
1% 
(Dollars in millions)
Increase
Decrease
 
Increase
Decrease
 
Increase
Decrease
Effect on total of service and interest
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    cost components of net periodic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    postretirement health care benefit cost
$ 
 8 
$ 
 (6)
 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 (1)
 
$ 
 6 
$ 
 (5)
Effect on the health care component of the
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    accumulated other postretirement
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    benefit obligations
 
 100 
 
 (62)
 
 
 8 
 
 (6)
 
 
 90 
 
 (54)


 
Plan Assets
 
 
Investment Allocation Strategy for Sempra Energy’s Pension Master Trust
 
Sempra Energy’s pension master trust holds the investments for the pension and other postretirement benefit plans. We maintain additional trusts as we discuss below for certain of the California Utilities’ other postretirement benefit plans. Other than through indexing strategies, the trusts do not invest in securities of Sempra Energy.
 
The current asset allocation objective for the pension master trust is to protect the funded status of the plans while generating sufficient returns to cover future benefit payments and accruals. We assess the portfolio performance by comparing actual returns with relevant benchmarks. Currently, the pension plans’ asset allocations are
 
§  
38 percent domestic equity
 
§  
26 percent international equity
 
§  
5 percent high yield credit
 
§  
12 percent intermediate credit
 
§  
14 percent long credit
 
§  
5 percent real assets
 
The asset allocation of the plans is reviewed by our Plan Funding Committee and our Pension and Benefits Investment Committee (the Committees) on a regular basis. When evaluating strategic asset allocations, the Committees consider many variables, including:
 
§  
long-term cost
 
§  
variability and level of contributions
 
§  
funded status
 
§  
a range of expected outcomes over varying confidence levels
 
We maintain allocations at strategic levels with reasonable bands of variance. When asset class exposure reaches a minimum or maximum level, we generally rebalance the portfolio back to target allocations, unless the Committees determine otherwise.
 
 
Rate of Return Assumption
 
The expected return on assets in our pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans is based on the weighted-average of the plans’ investment allocations to specific asset classes as of the measurement date, except for the assets in the SDG&E other postretirement benefit plan. We arrive at a 7 percent expected return on assets by considering both the historical and forecasted long-term rates of return on those asset classes. The forecasts are developed using a build-up method that considers real risk-free interest rates, inflation rates and asset class specific risk premiums. We expect a return of between 7 percent and 10 percent on equity securities and between 3 percent and 6 percent for fixed-income securities.
 
The expected return on assets in the SDG&E other postretirement benefit plan is based on the weighted-average of the expected return on plan assets held in the Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association (VEBA) trust designated for non-collectively bargained benefits and the expected return on plan assets held in the pension master trust and the collectively bargained VEBA. The expected return on assets for the non-collectively bargained VEBA trust is based on the weighted-average of the expected return on equity securities, as described above, and a 4 percent expected return on fixed income securities, which are all invested in tax-exempt municipal bonds.
 
 
Concentration of Risk
 
Plan assets are fully diversified across global equity and bond markets, and other than what is indicated by the target asset allocations, contain no concentration of risk in any one economic, industry, maturity or geographic sector.
 
 
Investment Strategy for SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
 
SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ other postretirement benefit plans are funded by cash contributions from SDG&E and SoCalGas and their current retirees. The assets of these plans are placed into the pension master trust and other VEBA trusts. The assets in the VEBA trusts are invested at an allocation similar to the pension master trust, with 70 percent invested in return-seeking and 30 percent invested in risk-mitigating assets. This allocation has been formulated to best suit the long-term nature of the obligations.
 

 
Fair Value of Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets
 
We classify the investments in Sempra Energy’s pension master trust and the trusts for the California Utilities’ other postretirement benefit plans into:
 
§  
Level 1, for securities valued using quoted prices from active markets for identical assets;
 
§  
Level 2, for securities not traded on an active market but for which observable market inputs are readily available; and
 
§  
Level 3, for securities and investments valued based on significant unobservable inputs. Investments are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
 
The following are descriptions of the valuation methods and assumptions we use to estimate the fair values of investments held by pension and other postretirement benefit plan trusts.
 
Equity Securities — Equity securities are valued using quoted prices listed on nationally recognized securities exchanges.
 
Fixed Income Securities — Certain fixed income securities are valued at the closing price reported in the active market in which the security is traded. Other fixed income securities are valued based on yields currently available on comparable securities of issuers with similar credit ratings. When quoted prices are not available for identical or similar securities, the security is valued under a discounted cash flows approach that maximizes observable inputs, such as current yields of similar instruments, but includes adjustments for certain risks that may not be observable, such as credit and liquidity risks.
 
Registered Investment Companies — Investments in mutual funds sponsored by a registered investment company are valued based on exchange listed prices for equity and certain fixed income securities or are valued under a discounted cash flows approach that maximizes observable inputs, such as current yields of similar instruments, but includes adjustments for certain risks that may not be observable, such as credit and liquidity risks for the remaining fixed income securities.
 
Common/Collective Trusts — Investments in common/collective trust funds are valued based on the redemption price of units owned, which is based on the current fair value of the funds’ underlying assets.
 
Private Equity Funds — Investments in private equity funds do not trade in active markets. Fair value is determined by the fund managers, based upon their review of the underlying investments as well as their utilization of discounted cash flows and other valuation models.
 
Real Estate — Real estate investments are valued on the basis of a discounted cash flows approach, which includes the future rental receipts, expenses, and residual values for the highest and best use of the real estate from a market participant view as rental property.
 
The methods described are intended to produce a fair value calculation that is indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. However, while management believes the valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.
 
We provide more discussion of fair value measurements in Notes 1 and 10. The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy a summary of the investments in our pension and other postretirement benefit plan trusts measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
 

The fair values of our pension plan assets by asset category are as follows:
 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013
PENSION PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
SDG&E (see table below)
$ 
 576 
$ 
 269 
$ 
 6 
$ 
 851 
SoCalGas (see table below)
 
 1,157 
 
 540 
 
 13 
 
 1,710 
Other Sempra Energy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
 
 79 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 79 
   Foreign
 
 52 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 52 
   Registered investment companies
 
 11 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 11 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   U.S. Treasury securities
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 7 
 
 ― 
 
 7 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 38 
 
 ― 
 
 38 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 13 
 
 ― 
 
 13 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 5 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 2 
Total other Sempra Energy(5)
 
 143 
 
 66 
 
 2 
 
 211 
Total Sempra Energy Consolidated(6)
$ 
 1,876 
$ 
 875 
$ 
 21 
$ 
 2,772 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012
PENSION PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
SDG&E (see table below)
$ 
 530 
$ 
 241 
$ 
 6 
$ 
 777 
SoCalGas (see table below)
 
 1,074 
 
 485 
 
 13 
 
 1,572 
Other Sempra Energy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
 
 77 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 77 
   Foreign
 
 54 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 54 
   Registered investment companies
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 5 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 37 
 
 ― 
 
 37 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 13 
 
 ― 
 
 13 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 2 
Total other Sempra Energy(5)
 
 133 
 
 60 
 
 2 
 
 195 
Total Sempra Energy Consolidated(6)
$ 
 1,737 
$ 
 786 
$ 
 21 
$ 
 2,544 
(1)
Investments in common stock of domestic corporations.
(2)
Bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries, primarily investment-grade.
(3)
Investments in common/collective trusts held in Sempra Energy’s Pension Master Trust.
(4)
Investments in venture capital and real estate funds.
(5)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $1 million at each of December 31, 2013 and 2012.
(6)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $17 million and $14 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.


FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — SDG&E
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013
PENSION PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 317 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 317 
   Foreign
 
 211 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 211 
   Foreign preferred
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
   Registered investment companies
 
 44 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 44 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   U.S. Treasury securities
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 11 
 
 ― 
 
 11 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 25 
 
 ― 
 
 25 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 152 
 
 ― 
 
 152 
   Domestic partnership bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 55 
 
 ― 
 
 55 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 25 
 
 ― 
 
 25 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 6 
 
 6 
Total investment assets(5)
$ 
 576 
$ 
 269 
$ 
 6 
$ 
 851 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012
PENSION PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 307 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 307 
   Foreign
 
 215 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 215 
   Foreign preferred
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
   Registered investment companies
 
 6 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 6 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 12 
 
 ― 
 
 12 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 22 
 
 ― 
 
 22 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 147 
 
 ― 
 
 147 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 52 
 
 ― 
 
 52 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 8 
 
 ― 
 
 8 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 6 
 
 6 
Total investment assets(6)
$ 
 530 
$ 
 241 
$ 
 6 
$ 
 777 
(1)
Investments in common stock of domestic corporations.
(2)
Bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries, primarily investment-grade.
(3)
Investments in common/collective trusts held in Sempra Energy’s Pension Master Trust.
(4)
Investments in venture capital and real estate funds.
(5)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $5 million and transfers payable to other plans of $37 million.
(6)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $4 million.


FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013
PENSION PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 637 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 637 
   Foreign
 
 423 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 423 
   Foreign preferred
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
   Registered investment companies
 
 89 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 89 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   U.S. Treasury securities
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 21 
 
 ― 
 
 21 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 51 
 
 ― 
 
 51 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 306 
 
 ― 
 
 306 
   Domestic partnership bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 110 
 
 ― 
 
 110 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 50 
 
 ― 
 
 50 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 13 
 
 13 
Total investment assets(5)
$ 
 1,157 
$ 
 540 
$ 
 13 
$ 
 1,710 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012
PENSION PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 622 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 622 
   Foreign
 
 436 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 436 
   Foreign preferred
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
   Registered investment companies
 
 12 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 12 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 24 
 
 ― 
 
 24 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 44 
 
 ― 
 
 44 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 297 
 
 ― 
 
 297 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 105 
 
 ― 
 
 105 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 15 
 
 ― 
 
 15 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 13 
 
 13 
Total investment assets(6)
$ 
 1,074 
$ 
 485 
$ 
 13 
$ 
 1,572 
(1)
Investments in common stock of domestic corporations.
(2)
Bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries, primarily investment-grade.
(3)
Investments in common/collective trusts held in Sempra Energy’s Pension Master Trust.
(4)
Investments in venture capital and real estate funds.
(5)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $11 million and transfers receivable from other plans of $37 million.
(6)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $9 million.


The fair values by asset category of the postretirement benefit plan assets held in the pension master trust and in the additional trusts for SoCalGas’ postretirement benefit plans and SDG&E’s postretirement benefit plan (PBOP plan trusts) are as follows:
 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
SDG&E (see table below)
$ 
 105 
$ 
 45 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 151 
SoCalGas (see table below)
 
 256 
 
 581 
 
 2 
 
 839 
Other Sempra Energy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
   Foreign
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
   Registered investment companies
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Registered investment companies
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
Total other Sempra Energy
 
 12 
 
 6 
 
 ― 
 
 18 
Total Sempra Energy Consolidated(3)
$ 
 373 
$ 
 632 
$ 
 3 
$ 
 1,008 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
SDG&E (see table below)
$ 
 87 
$ 
 38 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 126 
SoCalGas (see table below)
 
 213 
 
 514 
 
 2 
 
 729 
Other Sempra Energy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 5 
   Foreign
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Foreign preferred
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Registered investment companies
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
Total other Sempra Energy
 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 15 
Total Sempra Energy Consolidated(4)
$ 
 310 
$ 
 557 
$ 
 3 
$ 
 870 
(1)
Investments in common stock of domestic corporations.
(2)
Bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries, primarily investment-grade.
(3)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $4 million, $3 million and $1 million of which is held in SoCalGas and SDG&E PBOP plan trusts, respectively.
(4)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $3 million, all of which is held in SoCalGas PBOP plan trusts.


FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — SDG&E
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 37 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 37 
   Foreign
 
 25 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 25 
   Registered investment companies
 
 43 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 43 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic municipal bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Domestic corporate bonds(3)
 
 ― 
 
 18 
 
 ― 
 
 18 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 6 
 
 ― 
 
 6 
   Common/collective trusts(4)
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Registered investment companies
 
 ― 
 
 12 
 
 ― 
 
 12 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(5) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 1 
Total investment assets(6)
$ 
 105 
$ 
 45 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 151 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 32 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 32 
   Foreign
 
 23 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 23 
   Registered investment companies
 
 32 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 32 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic municipal bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Domestic corporate bonds(3)
 
 ― 
 
 15 
 
 ― 
 
 15 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 5 
   Common/collective trusts(4)
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Registered investment companies
 
 ― 
 
 12 
 
 ― 
 
 12 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(5) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 1 
Total investment assets
$ 
 87 
$ 
 38 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 126 
(1)
Investments in common stock of domestic corporations.
(2)
Bonds of California municipalities held in SDG&E PBOP plan trusts.
(3)
Bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries, primarily investment-grade.
(4)
Investment in common/collective trusts held in PBOP plan VEBA trusts.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5)
Investments in venture capital and real estate funds.
(6)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $1 million, all of which is held in SDG&E PBOP plan trusts, and transfers payable to other plans of $6 million.


FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS — SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 128 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 128 
   Foreign
 
 83 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 83 
   Foreign preferred
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Registered investment companies
 
 43 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 43 
   Broad market funds
 
 ― 
 
 220 
 
 ― 
 
 220 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   U.S. Treasury securities
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 60 
 
 ― 
 
 60 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 10 
 
 ― 
 
 10 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 22 
 
 ― 
 
 22 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 262 
 
 ― 
 
 262 
   Registered investment companies
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 2 
Total investment assets(5)
$ 
 256 
$ 
 581 
$ 
 2 
$ 
 839 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS - INVESTMENT ASSETS
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic(1)
$ 
 118 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 118 
   Foreign
 
 84 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 84 
   Registered investment companies
 
 11 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 11 
   Broad market funds
 
 ― 
 
 316 
 
 ― 
 
 316 
Fixed income securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Domestic municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 5 
   Domestic corporate bonds(2)
 
 ― 
 
 57 
 
 ― 
 
 57 
   Foreign government bonds
 
 ― 
 
 8 
 
 ― 
 
 8 
   Foreign corporate bonds
 
 ― 
 
 20 
 
 ― 
 
 20 
   Common/collective trusts(3)
 
 ― 
 
 107 
 
 ― 
 
 107 
   Registered investment companies
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
Other types of investments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Private equity funds(4) (stated at net asset value)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 2 
Total investment assets(6)
$ 
 213 
$ 
 514 
$ 
 2 
$ 
 729 
(1)
Investments in common stock of domestic corporations.
(2)
Bonds of U.S. issuers from diverse industries, primarily investment-grade.
(3)
Investments in common/collective trusts held in PBOP plan VEBA trusts.
(4)
Investments in venture capital and real estate funds.
(5)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $3 million, all of which is held in SoCalGas PBOP plan trusts, and transfers receivable from other plans of $6 million.
(6)
Excludes cash and cash equivalents of $3 million, all of which is held in SoCalGas PBOP plan trusts.


The investments of the pension master trust allocated to the pension and postretirement benefit plans classified as Level 3 are private equity funds and represent a percentage of each plan’s total allocated assets as follows at December 31:
 

 
Private Equity Funds
 
2013 
 
2012 
(Dollars in millions)
SDG&E
SoCalGas
All Other
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
SDG&E
SoCalGas
All Other
Sempra Energy Consolidated
PENSION PLANS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Level 3 investment
    assets
$6
$13
$2
$21
 
$6
$13
$2
$21
Percentage of total
    investment assets
1%
1%
1%
1%
 
1%
1%
1%
1%
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT
 BENEFIT PLANS
 
 
 
 
 
Total Level 3 investment
    assets
$1
$2
$-
$3
 
$1
$2
$-
$3
Percentage of total
    investment assets
1%
-%
-%
-%
 
1%
-%
-%
-%


The following table provides a reconciliation of changes in the fair value of investments classified as Level 3:
 

LEVEL 3 RECONCILIATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Private Equity Funds
 
 
SDG&E
 
SoCalGas
 
All Other
 
Sempra Energy
Consolidated
PENSION PLANS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of January 1, 2012
$
 7 
$
 15 
$
 2 
$
 24 
   Unrealized gains
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 ― 
 
 6 
   Sales
 
 (3)
 
 (6)
 
 ― 
 
 (9)
Balance as of December 31, 2012
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 2 
 
 21 
   Realized gains
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 3 
   Unrealized losses
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
   Sales
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
Balance as of December 31, 2013
$
 6 
$
 13 
$
 2 
$
 21 
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as of January 1, 2012
$
 1 
$
 3 
$
 ― 
$
 4 
   Sales
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
Balance as of December 31, 2012 and 2013
$
 1 
$
 2 
$
 ― 
$
 3 

Derivative Financial Instruments
 
In accordance with the Sempra Energy pension investment guidelines, derivative financial instruments are used by the pension master trust’s equity and fixed income portfolio investment managers. Equity index future contracts are typically used to equitize cash.  Foreign currency exchange transactions are used primarily to purchase foreign currency denominated shares or to hedge underlying exposure to foreign currency. Fixed income futures and options may be used as substitutes for certain types of fixed income securities.
 
 
Future Payments
 
We expect to contribute the following amounts to our pension and other postretirement benefit plans in 2014:
 

 
Sempra Energy 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Consolidated 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas 
Pension plans
$ 
 199 
$ 
 72 
$ 
 85 
Other postretirement benefit plans
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 ― 

The following table shows the total benefits we expect to pay for the next 10 years to current employees and retirees from the plans or from company assets.
 

 
Sempra Energy Consolidated 
 
SDG&E 
 
SoCalGas 
 
 
Other 
 
 
Other 
 
 
Other 
 
Pension 
Postretirement 
 
Pension 
Postretirement 
 
Pension 
Postretirement 
(Dollars in millions)
Benefits 
Benefits
 
Benefits 
Benefits
 
Benefits 
Benefits
2014 
$ 
 390 
$ 
 47 
 
$ 
 109 
$ 
 8 
 
$ 
 234 
$ 
 36 
2015 
 
 335 
 
 52 
 
 
 95 
 
 9 
 
 
 202 
 
 40 
2016 
 
 329 
 
 55 
 
 
 89 
 
 10 
 
 
 199 
 
 43 
2017 
 
 317 
 
 60 
 
 
 88 
 
 11 
 
 
 194 
 
 46 
2018 
 
 308 
 
 64 
 
 
 85 
 
 12 
 
 
 188 
 
 49 
2019-2023
 
 1,305 
 
 346 
 
 
 381 
 
 65 
 
 
 772 
 
 261 

 
PROFIT SHARING PLANS
 
Under Chilean law, Chilquinta Energía is required to pay all employees either (1) 30 percent of Chilquinta Energía’s taxable income after deducting a 10 percent return on equity, allocated in proportion to the annual salary of each employee or (2) 25 percent of each employee’s annual salary, with a maximum mandatory profit sharing of 4.75 months of Chile’s legal minimum salary. Chilquinta Energía has elected the second option but calculates the profit sharing amounts with actual employee salaries instead of the legal minimum salary, resulting in a higher cost. The amounts are paid out each pay period. Chilquinta Energía recorded annual profit sharing expense of $4 million for 2013, $6 million for 2012 and $5 million for 2011 related to this plan.
 
Under Peruvian law, Luz del Sur is required to pay their employees 5 percent of Luz del Sur’s taxable income, paid once a year and allocated as follows: 50 percent based on each employee’s annual hours worked and 50 percent based on each employee’s annual salary. Luz del Sur recorded annual profit sharing expense of $9 million for 2013, $10 million for 2012 and $9 million for 2011 related to this plan.
 
SAVINGS PLANS
 
Sempra Energy offers trusteed savings plans to all domestic employees. Participation in the plans is immediate for salary deferrals for all employees except for the represented employees at SoCalGas, who are eligible upon completion of one year of service. Subject to plan provisions, employees may contribute from one percent to 50 percent of their regular earnings, subject to annual IRS limits, when they begin employment. After one year of the employee’s completed service, Sempra Energy makes matching contributions. Employer contribution amounts and methodology vary by plan, but generally the contributions are equal to 50 percent of the first 6 percent of eligible base salary contributed by employees and, if certain company goals are met, an additional amount related to incentive compensation payments.
 
Beginning September 1, 2012 for the Sempra Energy, SDG&E and Mobile Gas savings plans and October 1, 2012 for the SoCalGas savings plan, employer contributions are invested based upon each employee’s investment elections in effect at the time of contribution. Prior to that, employer contributions were initially invested in Sempra Energy common stock, but the employee could transfer the contribution to other investments. Contributions are invested in Sempra Energy common stock, mutual funds and/or institutional trusts. Prior to the termination of the ESOP discussed below, employer contributions for substantially all plans were partially funded by the ESOP.
 
Contributions to the savings plans were as follows:
 

(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 35 
$ 
 34 
$ 
 32 
SDG&E
 
 14 
 
 16 
 
 14 
SoCalGas
 
 17 
 
 15 
 
 14 

The market value of Sempra Energy common stock held by the savings plans was $1.3 billion and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
 
 
EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN (ESOP)
 
Sempra Energy terminated the ESOP effective June 30, 2012, as all ESOP debt was paid and all shares were released from the ESOP Trust as of that date. Prior to the plan’s termination all contributions to the ESOP Trust (Trust) were made by Sempra Energy; there were no contributions made by the participants. The Trust was used to fund part of the retirement savings plan described above. As Sempra Energy made contributions, the ESOP debt service was paid and shares were released in proportion to the total expected debt service. We charged compensation expense and credited equity for the market value of the released shares. Dividends on unallocated shares were used to pay debt service and were applied against the liability. The shares held by the Trust were unallocated and consisted of 0.2 million shares of Sempra Energy common stock with a fair value of $8 million at December 31, 2011.
 
ESOP debt was paid down by a total of $34 million in 2012 and 2011 when 504,440 shares of Sempra Energy common stock were released from the Trust in order to fund employer contributions to the Sempra Energy savings plan trust. Interest on the ESOP debt was a negligible amount in each of 2012 and 2011. Dividends used for debt service consisted of a negligible amount in 2012 and $1 million in 2011.
 

 
NOTE 8. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS
 
Sempra Energy has share-based compensation plans intended to align employee and shareholder objectives related to the long-term growth of Sempra Energy. The plans permit a wide variety of share-based awards, including:
 
§  
non-qualified stock options
 
§  
incentive stock options
 
§  
restricted stock
 
§  
restricted stock units
 
§  
stock appreciation rights
 
§  
performance awards
 
§  
stock payments
 
§  
dividend equivalents
 
Eligible California Utilities employees participate in Sempra Energy’s share-based compensation plans as a component of their compensation package.
 
In May 2013, shareholders approved the Sempra Energy 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 2013 Plan). Upon approval, the remaining authorized shares from the Sempra Energy 2008 Long Term Incentive Plan and the 2008 Long Term Incentive Plan for EnergySouth, Inc. Employees and Other Eligible Individuals were applied to the number of shares authorized in the 2013 Plan.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy had the following types of equity awards outstanding:
 
§  
Non-Qualified Stock Options: Options have an exercise price equal to the market price of the common stock at the date of grant, are service-based, become exercisable over a four-year period, and expire 10 years from the date of grant. Vesting and/or the ability to exercise may be accelerated upon a change in control, in accordance with severance pay agreements or upon eligibility for retirement. Options are subject to forfeiture or earlier expiration when an employee terminates employment.
 
§  
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units: These restricted stock unit awards vest in Sempra Energy common stock at the end of four-year performance periods based on Sempra Energy’s total return to shareholders relative to that of market indices. If Sempra Energy’s total return to shareholders exceeds the target levels established under the 2008 Long Term Incentive Plan for awards granted beginning in 2008 and under the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan beginning in May 2013, up to an additional 50 percent of the number of granted restricted stock units may be issued. If Sempra Energy’s total return to shareholders is below the target levels, shares are subject to partial vesting on a pro rata basis. Restricted stock units may also be solely service-based; these are generally exercisable at the end of four years of service. Vesting is subject to earlier forfeiture upon termination of employment and accelerated vesting upon a change in control under the applicable long-term incentive plan, in accordance with severance pay agreements or upon eligibility for retirement. Dividend equivalents on shares subject to restricted stock units are reinvested to purchase additional shares that become subject to the same vesting conditions as the restricted stock units to which the dividends relate.
 
§  
Service-Based Restricted Stock Units: Restricted stock units may also be service-based; these generally vest at the end of four years of service. Vesting is subject to earlier forfeiture upon termination of employment and accelerated vesting upon a change in control under the applicable long-term incentive plan, or in accordance with severance pay agreements. Dividend equivalents on shares subject to restricted stock units are reinvested to purchase additional shares that become subject to the same vesting conditions as the restricted stock units to which the dividends relate.
 
§  
Restricted Stock: Prior to 2009, substantially all restricted stock awards were performance-based and vested at the end of four-year performance periods based on Sempra Energy’s total return to shareholders relative to that of market indices. Since 2009, restricted stock awards have been solely service-based and are generally exercisable at the end of four years of service. Vesting is subject to earlier forfeiture upon termination of employment and accelerated vesting upon a change in control under the applicable long-term incentive plan, in accordance with severance pay agreements or upon eligibility for retirement. Holders of restricted stock have full voting rights. They also have full dividend rights; however, dividends paid on restricted stock held by officers are reinvested to purchase additional shares that become subject to the same vesting conditions as the restricted stock to which the dividends relate.
 
In April 2013, the IEnova board of directors approved the IEnova 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan. The purpose of this plan is to align the interests of employees and directors of IEnova with its shareholders. All awards issued from this plan and any related dividend equivalents will settle in cash based on the fair market value of the awards, based on IEnova’s common stock value, upon vesting. In 2013, IEnova issued 1,014,899 restricted stock units from this plan, all of which remain outstanding at December 31, 2013.
 
 
SHARE-BASED AWARDS AND COMPENSATION EXPENSE
 
We measure and recognize compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to our employees and directors based on estimated fair values on the date of grant. We recognize compensation costs net of an estimated forfeiture rate (based on historical experience) and recognize the compensation costs for non-qualified stock options and restricted stock and stock units on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally four years. However, in the year that an employee becomes eligible for retirement, the remaining expense related to the employee’s awards is recognized immediately. Substantially all awards outstanding are classified as equity instruments, therefore we recognize additional paid in capital as we recognize the compensation expense associated with the awards.
 
At December 31, 2013, 7,210,346 shares were authorized and available for future grants of share-based awards. Our practice is to satisfy share-based awards by issuing new shares rather than by open-market purchases.
 

Total share-based compensation expense for all of Sempra Energy’s share-based awards was comprised as follows:
 

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE ― SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Share-based compensation expense, before income taxes
$
 38 
$
 40 
$
 44 
Income tax benefit
 
 (15)
 
 (16)
 
 (18)
Share-based compensation expense, net of income taxes
$
 23 
$
 24 
$
 26 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net share-based compensation expense, per common share
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Basic
$
 0.09 
$
 0.10 
$
 0.11 
    Diluted
$
 0.09 
$
 0.10 
$
 0.11 

Sempra Energy Consolidated’s capitalized compensation cost was $4 million in each of 2013, 2012 and 2011.
 
We classify the tax benefits resulting from tax deductions in excess of the tax benefit related to compensation cost recognized for stock option exercises as financing cash flows.
 
Sempra Energy subsidiaries record an expense for the plans to the extent that subsidiary employees participate in the plans and/or the subsidiaries are allocated a portion of the Sempra Energy plans’ corporate staff costs. Expenses and capitalized compensation costs recorded by SDG&E and SoCalGas were as follows:
 

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE ― SDG&E AND SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Compensation expense
$
 8 
$
 8 
$
 8 
    Capitalized compensation cost
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 3 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Compensation expense
$
 8 
$
 7 
$
 9 
    Capitalized compensation cost
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 

 
SEMPRA ENERGY NON-QUALIFIED STOCK OPTIONS
 
We use a Black-Scholes option-pricing model (Black-Scholes model) to estimate the fair value of each non-qualified stock option grant. The use of a valuation model requires us to make certain assumptions about selected model inputs. Expected volatility is calculated based on the historical volatility of Sempra Energy’s stock price. We base the average expected life for options on the contractual term of the option and expected employee exercise and post-termination behavior.
 
The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected life assumed at the date of the grant. No new options were granted in 2013, 2012 or 2011.
 

The following table shows a summary of non-qualified stock options as of December 31, 2013 and activity for the year then ended:
 

NON-QUALIFIED STOCK OPTIONS
 
 
 
 
Weighted- 
 
 
 
Weighted- 
Average 
 
 
Shares 
Average 
Remaining 
Aggregate 
 
Under 
Exercise 
Contractual Term 
Intrinsic Value 
 
Option
Price
(in years)
(in millions)
Outstanding at December 31, 2012
 
 2,701,118 
$ 
 51.86 
 
 
 
 
    Exercised
 
 (1,237,348)
$ 
 50.32 
 
 
 
 
    Forfeited/canceled
 
 (4,625)
$ 
 48.40 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2013
 
 1,459,145 
$ 
 53.18 
 
 4.0 
$ 
 53 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vested or expected to vest, at December 31, 2013
 
 1,459,145 
$ 
 53.18 
 
 4.0 
$ 
 53 
Exercisable at December 31, 2013
 
 1,300,745 
$ 
 52.86 
 
 3.8 
$ 
 48 

The aggregate intrinsic value at December 31, 2013 is the total of the difference between Sempra Energy’s closing stock price and the exercise price for all in-the-money options. The aggregate intrinsic value for non-qualified stock options exercised in the last three years was
 
§  
$41 million in 2013
 
§  
$45 million in 2012
 
§  
$23 million in 2011
 
The total fair value of shares vested in the last three years was
 
§  
$2 million in 2013
 
§  
$4 million in 2012
 
§  
$7 million in 2011
 
Total compensation cost related to nonvested stock options not yet recognized as of December 31, 2013 was negligible.
 
We received cash from option exercises during 2013 totaling $62 million. There were no realized tax benefits for the share-based payment award deductions in 2013 over and above the $15 million income tax benefit shown above.
 
 
SEMPRA ENERGY RESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS AND UNITS
 
We use a Monte-Carlo simulation model to estimate the fair value of the restricted stock awards and units. Our determination of fair value is affected by the volatility of the stock price and the dividend yields for Sempra Energy and its peer group companies. The valuation also is affected by the risk-free rates of return, and a number of other variables. Below are key assumptions for 2013, 2012 and 2011 for Sempra Energy:
 

 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Risk-free rate of return
0.6%
 
0.6%
 
1.5%
 
Annual dividend yield
3.3%
 
3.4%
 
3.0%
 
Stock price volatility
19%
 
27%
 
27%
 


 
Restricted Stock Awards
 
We provide below a summary of Sempra Energy’s restricted stock awards as of December 31, 2013 and the activity during the year.
 

RESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS
 
 
 
Weighted- 
 
 
Average 
 
 
Grant-Date 
 
Shares
Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2012
 
 24,689 
$ 
 56.59 
    Granted
 
 4,617 
$ 
 75.82 
    Vested
 
 (11,837)
$ 
 55.49 
Nonvested at December 31, 2013
 
 17,469 
$ 
 62.43 
Vested or expected to vest, at December 31, 2013
 
 17,469 
$ 
 62.43 

Total compensation cost of $1 million related to nonvested restricted stock awards not yet recognized as of December 31, 2013 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.5 years. The weighted-average per-share fair value for restricted stock awards granted was $57.81 in 2012 and $52.96 in 2011.
 
The total fair value of shares vested in the last three years was
 
§  
$1 million in 2013
 
§  
$1 million in 2012
 
§  
$28 million in 2011
 
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
We provide below a summary of Sempra Energy’s restricted stock units as of December 31, 2013 and the activity during the year.
 

RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance-Based
 
Service-Based
 
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
Restricted Stock Units
 
 
 
Weighted- 
 
 
Weighted- 
 
 
 
Average 
 
 
Average 
 
 
 
Grant-Date 
 
 
Grant-Date 
 
 
Units
Fair Value
 
Units
Fair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2012
 3,400,033 
$ 
 42.72 
 
 135,241 
$ 
 55.42 
    Granted
 657,168 
$ 
 57.55 
 
 107,718 
$ 
 72.71 
    Vested
 (864,100)
$ 
 36.04 
 
 (24,751)
$ 
 61.97 
    Forfeited
 (28,540)
$ 
 50.55 
 
 (2,610)
$ 
 56.23 
Nonvested at December 31, 2013(1)
 3,164,561 
$ 
 47.55 
 
 215,598 
$ 
 63.30 
Vested or expected to vest, at December 31, 2013
 3,107,020 
$ 
 47.45 
 
 203,655 
$ 
 63.12 
(1)
Each unit represents the right to receive one share of our common stock if applicable performance conditions are satisfied. For all performance-based restricted stock units, up to an additional 50 percent of the shares represented by the units may be issued if Sempra Energy exceeds target performance conditions.

The total fair value of shares vested in 2013 was $33 million.
 
The $29 million of total compensation cost related to nonvested restricted stock units not yet recognized as of December 31, 2013 is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years. The weighted-average per-share fair values for restricted stock units granted were $50.17 in 2012 and $42.35 in 2011.
 


 
NOTE 9. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
 

We use derivative instruments primarily to manage exposures arising in the normal course of business. Our principal exposures are commodity market risk and benchmark interest rate risk. We may also manage foreign exchange rate exposures using derivatives. Our use of derivatives for these risks is integrated into the economic management of our anticipated revenues, anticipated expenses, assets and liabilities. Derivatives may be effective in mitigating these risks (1) that could lead to declines in anticipated revenues or increases in anticipated expenses, or (2) that our asset values may fall or our liabilities increase. Accordingly, our derivative activity summarized below generally represents an impact that is intended to offset associated revenues, expenses, assets or liabilities that are not presented below.
 
We record all derivatives at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We designate each derivative as (1) a cash flow hedge, (2) a fair value hedge, or (3) undesignated. Depending on the applicability of hedge accounting and, for the California Utilities and other operations subject to regulatory accounting, the requirement to pass impacts through to customers, the impact of derivative instruments may be offset in other comprehensive income (cash flow hedge), on the balance sheet (fair value hedges and regulatory offsets), or recognized in earnings. We classify cash flows from the settlements of derivative instruments as operating activities on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
 
In certain cases, we apply the normal purchase or sale exception to derivative accounting and have other commodity contracts that are not derivatives. These contracts are not recorded at fair value and are therefore excluded from the disclosures below.
 
 
HEDGE ACCOUNTING
 
We may designate a derivative as a cash flow hedging instrument if it effectively converts anticipated revenues or expenses to a fixed dollar amount. We may utilize cash flow hedge accounting for derivative commodity instruments, foreign currency instruments and interest rate instruments. Designating cash flow hedges is dependent on the business context in which the instrument is being used, the effectiveness of the instrument in offsetting the risk that a given future revenue or expense item may vary, and other criteria.
 
We may designate an interest rate derivative as a fair value hedging instrument if it effectively converts our own debt from a fixed interest rate to a variable rate. The combination of the derivative and debt instrument results in fixing that portion of the fair value of the debt that is related to benchmark interest rates. Designating fair value hedges is dependent on the instrument being used, the effectiveness of the instrument in offsetting changes in the fair value of our debt instruments, and other criteria.
 
 
ENERGY DERIVATIVES
 
Our market risk is primarily related to natural gas and electricity price volatility and the specific physical locations where we transact. We use energy derivatives to manage these risks. The use of energy derivatives in our various businesses depends on the particular energy market, and the operating and regulatory environments applicable to the business.
 
§  
The California Utilities use natural gas energy derivatives, on their customers’ behalf, with the objective of managing price risk and basis risks, and lowering natural gas costs. These derivatives include fixed price natural gas positions, options, and basis risk instruments, which are either exchange-traded or over-the-counter financial instruments. This activity is governed by risk management and transacting activity plans that have been filed with and approved by the CPUC. Natural gas derivative activities are recorded as commodity costs that are offset by regulatory account balances and are recovered in rates. Net commodity cost impacts on the Consolidated Statements of Operations are reflected in Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power or in Cost of Natural Gas.
 
§  
SDG&E is allocated and may purchase congestion revenue rights (CRRs), which serve to reduce the regional electricity price volatility risk that may result from local transmission capacity constraints. Unrealized gains and losses do not impact earnings, as they are offset by regulatory account balances. Realized gains and losses associated with CRRs are recorded in Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power, which is recoverable in rates, on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
§  
Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas may use natural gas and electricity derivatives, as appropriate, to optimize the earnings of their assets which support the following businesses: LNG, natural gas transportation, power generation, and Sempra Natural Gas’ storage. Gains and losses associated with undesignated derivatives are recognized in Energy-Related Businesses Revenues or in Cost of Natural Gas, Electric Fuel and Purchased Power on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Certain of these derivatives may also be designated as cash flow hedges. Sempra Mexico also uses natural gas energy derivatives with the objective of managing price risk and lowering natural gas prices at its Mexican distribution operations. These derivatives, which are recorded as commodity costs that are offset by regulatory account balances and recovered in rates, are recognized in Cost of Natural Gas on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
§  
From time to time, our various businesses, including the California Utilities, may use other energy derivatives to hedge exposures such as the price of vehicle fuel.
 
We summarize net energy derivative volumes at December 31, 2013 and 2012 as follows:
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31,
Segment and Commodity
2013 
2012 
California Utilities:
 
 
 
    SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
Natural gas
43 million MMBtu 
25 million MMBtu 
(1)
 
Congestion revenue rights
33 million MWh 
30 million MWh 
(2)
    SoCalGas - natural gas
2 million MMBtu 
 ― 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy-Related Businesses:
 
 
 
    Sempra Natural Gas:
 
 
 
          Electric power
1 million MWh 
1 million MWh 
 
          Natural gas
15 million MMBtu 
36 million MMBtu 
 
    Sempra Mexico - natural gas
 ― 
1 million MMBtu 
 
(1)
Million British thermal units
 
(2)
Megawatt hours
 

In addition to the amounts noted above, we frequently use commodity derivatives to manage risks associated with the physical locations of our assets and other contractual obligations, such as natural gas purchases and sales.
 
 
INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES
 
We are exposed to interest rates primarily as a result of our current and expected use of financing. We periodically enter into interest rate derivative agreements intended to moderate our exposure to interest rates and to lower our overall costs of borrowing. We utilize interest rate swaps typically designated as fair value hedges, as a means to achieve our targeted level of variable rate debt as a percent of total debt. In addition, we may utilize interest rate swaps, typically designated as cash flow hedges, to lock in interest rates on outstanding debt or in anticipation of future financings.
 
Interest rate derivatives are utilized by the California Utilities as well as by other Sempra Energy subsidiaries. Although the California Utilities generally recover borrowing costs in rates over time, the use of interest rate derivatives is subject to certain regulatory constraints, and the impact of interest rate derivatives may not be recovered from customers as timely as described above with regard to natural gas derivatives. Accordingly, interest rate derivatives are generally accounted for as hedges at the California Utilities, as well as at the rest of Sempra Energy’s subsidiaries. Separately, Otay Mesa VIE has entered into interest rate swap agreements to moderate its exposure to interest rate changes. This activity was designated as a cash flow hedge as of April 1, 2011.
 
At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the net notional amounts of our interest rate derivatives, excluding the cross-currency swaps discussed below, were:
 

 
 
December 31, 2013
December 31, 2012
(Dollars in millions)
Notional Debt 
Maturities 
Notional Debt 
Maturities 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges(1)
$ 
 413 
2014-2028 
$ 
439
2013-2028
 
Fair value hedges
 
 300 
2016 
 
500
2013-2016
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedge(1)
 
 335 
2019 
 
345
2019
(1)
Includes Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s interest rate derivatives relate to Otay Mesa VIE.
 
 
FOREIGN CURRENCY DERIVATIVES
 
We are exposed to exchange rate movements at our Mexican subsidiaries, which have U.S. dollar denominated cash balances, receivables and payables (monetary assets and liabilities) that give rise to Mexican currency exchange rate movements for Mexican income tax purposes. These subsidiaries also have deferred income tax assets and liabilities that are denominated in the Mexican peso, which must be translated into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. From time to time, we may utilize short-term foreign currency derivatives at our subsidiaries and at the consolidated level as a means to manage the risk of exposure to significant fluctuations in our income tax expense from these impacts. We may also utilize cross-currency swaps to hedge exposure related to Mexican peso-denominated debt at our Mexican subsidiaries. On February 14, 2013, Sempra Mexico entered into cross-currency swap agreements, which were designated as cash flow hedges. We discuss the notional amount of the swaps in Note 5.
 
In addition, Sempra South American Utilities may utilize foreign currency derivatives at its subsidiaries and joint ventures as a means to manage foreign currency rate risk.  We discuss such swaps at Chilquinta Energía’s Eletrans joint venture investment in Note 4.
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION
 
Each Consolidated Balance Sheet reflects the offsetting of net derivative positions and cash collateral with the same counterparty when management believes a legal right of offset exists. The following tables provide the fair values of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2013 and 2012, including the amount of cash collateral receivables that were not offset, as the cash collateral is in excess of liability positions.
 


DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS ON THE CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
credits
 
 
 
Current
 
 
 
Current
 
and other
 
 
 
assets:
 
 
 
liabilities:
 
liabilities:
 
 
 
Fixed-price
 
Investments 
 
Fixed-price
 
Fixed-price
 
 
 
contracts
 
and other 
 
contracts
 
contracts
 
 
 
and other
 
assets:
 
and other
 
and other
 
 
derivatives(1)
 
Sundry
 
derivatives(2)
 
derivatives
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate and foreign exchange instruments(3)
$ 
 14 
$ 
 12 
$ 
 (18)
$ 
 (75)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate and foreign exchange instruments
 
 8 
 
 22 
 
 (7)
 
 (17)
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 47 
 
 7 
 
 (51)
 
 (5)
        Associated offsetting commodity contracts
 
 (43)
 
 (5)
 
 43 
 
 5 
        Associated offsetting cash collateral
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 35 
 
 72 
 
 (10)
 
 (8)
        Associated offsetting commodity contracts
 
 (3)
 
 (2)
 
 3 
 
 2 
    Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
 
 58 
 
 106 
 
 (39)
 
 (98)
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        not subject to rate recovery
 
 17 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        subject to rate recovery
 
 31 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total
$ 
 106 
$ 
 106 
$ 
 (39)
$ 
 (98)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments(3)
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (16)
$ 
 (39)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 34 
 
 72 
 
 (9)
 
 (8)
        Associated offsetting commodity contracts
 
 (3)
 
 (2)
 
 3 
 
 2 
    Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
 
 31 
 
 70 
 
 (22)
 
 (45)
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        not subject to rate recovery
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        subject to rate recovery
 
 29 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total
$ 
 61 
$ 
 70 
$ 
 (22)
$ 
 (45)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (1)
$ 
 ― 
    Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        not subject to rate recovery
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        subject to rate recovery
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total
$ 
 5 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (1)
$ 
 ― 
(1)
Included in Current Assets: Other for SoCalGas.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)
Included in Current Liabilities: Other for SoCalGas.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
Includes Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s amounts relate to Otay Mesa VIE.


DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS ON THE CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
credits
 
 
 
Current
 
 
 
Current
 
and other
 
 
 
assets:
 
 
 
liabilities:
 
liabilities:
 
 
 
Fixed-price
 
Investments 
 
Fixed-price
 
Fixed-price
 
 
 
contracts
 
and other 
 
contracts
 
contracts
 
 
 
and other
 
assets:
 
and other
 
and other
 
 
derivatives(1)
 
Sundry
 
derivatives(2)
 
derivatives
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments(3)
$ 
 7 
$ 
 12 
$ 
 (19)
$ 
 (64)
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments
 
 8 
 
 40 
 
 (8)
 
 (35)
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 117 
 
 15 
 
 (116)
 
 (27)
        Associated offsetting commodity contracts
 
 (102)
 
 (12)
 
 102 
 
 12 
        Associated offsetting cash collateral
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 4 
 
 7 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 30 
 
 35 
 
 (35)
 
 (1)
        Associated offsetting commodity contracts
 
 (4)
 
 ― 
 
 4 
 
 ― 
        Associated offsetting cash collateral
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 22 
 
 1 
    Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
 
 57 
 
 90 
 
 (46)
 
 (107)
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        not subject to rate recovery
 
 22 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        subject to rate recovery
 
 13 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total
$ 
 92 
$ 
 90 
$ 
 (46)
$ 
 (107)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments(3)
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (17)
$ 
 (64)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 28 
 
 35 
 
 (33)
 
 (1)
        Associated offsetting commodity contracts
 
 (3)
 
 ― 
 
 3 
 
 ― 
        Associated offsetting cash collateral
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 22 
 
 1 
    Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
 
 25 
 
 35 
 
 (25)
 
 (64)
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        not subject to rate recovery
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        subject to rate recovery
 
 12 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total
$ 
 38 
$ 
 35 
$ 
 (25)
$ 
 (64)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$ 
 2 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (2)
$ 
 ― 
        Associated offsetting commodity contracts
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
    Net amounts presented on the balance sheet
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        not subject to rate recovery
 
 2 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Additional cash collateral for commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        subject to rate recovery
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
    Total
$ 
 4 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (1)
$ 
 ― 
(1)
Included in Current Assets: Other for SoCalGas.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)
Included in Current Liabilities: Other for SoCalGas.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
Includes Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s amounts relate to Otay Mesa VIE.

The effects of derivative instruments designated as hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and on Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) for the years ended December 31 were:
 

FAIR VALUE HEDGE IMPACT ON THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
Gain (loss) on derivatives recognized in earnings
 
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
Location 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instruments
Interest Expense 
$ 
 8 
$ 
 6 
$ 
 9 
 
Interest rate instruments
Other Income, Net 
 
 (7)
 
 3 
 
 13 
 
Total(1)
 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 9 
$ 
 22 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instrument
Interest Expense 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
 
Interest rate instrument
Other Income, Net 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (3)
 
Total(1)
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (2)
(1)
There has been no hedge ineffectiveness on these swaps. Changes in the fair values of the interest rate swap agreements are exactly offset by changes in the fair value of the underlying long-term debt.
 

 
CASH FLOW HEDGE IMPACT ON THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Pretax gain (loss)
recognized in OCI  
 
Gain (loss) reclassified
from AOCI into earnings  
 
 
(effective portion) 
 
(effective portion) 
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
 
2012 
 
2011 
Location
 
2013 
 
2012 
 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate and foreign
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    exchange instruments(1)
$ 
 1 
$ 
 (22)
$ 
 (42)
 Interest Expense
$ 
 (11)
$ 
 (9)
$ 
 (8)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Equity Earnings (Losses),
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instruments
 
 15 
 
 (10)
 
 (32)
    Before Income Tax
 
 (10)
 
 (6)
 
 (5)
 
Commodity contracts not
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cost of Natural Gas, Electric
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    subject to rate recovery
 
 (4)
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
    Fuel and Purchased Power
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
Total
$ 
 12 
$ 
 (33)
$ 
 (74)
 
$ 
 (20)
$ 
 (15)
$ 
 (13)
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instruments(1)
$ 
 8 
$ 
 (16)
$ 
 (40)
 Interest Expense 
$ 
 (9)
$ 
 (5)
$ 
 (5)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instrument
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
Interest Expense
$ 
 (1)
$ 
 (2)
$ 
 (3)
(1)
Amounts include Otay Mesa VIE. All of SDG&E’s interest rate derivative activity relates to Otay Mesa VIE. There was a negligible amount of ineffectiveness related to these swaps.
 

 
For Sempra Energy Consolidated we expect that losses of $23 million, which are net of income tax benefit, that are currently recorded in AOCI (including $12 million in noncontrolling interests) related to cash flow hedges will be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months as the hedged items affect earnings. Actual amounts ultimately reclassified into earnings depend on the interest rates in effect when derivative contracts that are currently outstanding mature. The Sempra Energy Consolidated amount includes $11 million at SDG&E in noncontrolling interest related to Otay Mesa VIE.
 
SoCalGas expects that losses of $1 million, which are net of income tax benefit, that are currently recorded in AOCI related to cash flow hedges will be reclassified into earnings during the next twelve months as the hedged items affect earnings.
 
For all forecasted transactions, the maximum term over which we are hedging exposure to the variability of cash flows at December 31, 2013 is approximately 15 years and 5 years for Sempra Energy and SDG&E, respectively. The maximum term of hedged interest rate variability related to debt at Sempra Renewables’ equity method investees is 22 years.
 
We recorded $1 million of hedge ineffectiveness in 2013, $2 million of hedge ineffectiveness in 2012 and negligible hedge ineffectiveness in 2011.
 
The effects of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31 were:
 

UNDESIGNATED DERIVATIVE IMPACT ON THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
Gain (loss) on derivatives recognized in earnings 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
Location 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate and foreign
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    exchange instruments(1)
Other Income, Net
$ 
 17 
$ 
 10 
$ 
 (14)
 
Foreign exchange instruments
Equity Earnings, Net of Income Tax
 
 (4)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
Commodity contracts not subject
Revenues: Energy-Related
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
    Businesses
 
 (1)
 
 7 
 
 30 
 
Commodity contracts not subject
Cost of Natural Gas, Electric
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
    Fuel and Purchased Power
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
Commodity contracts not subject
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
Other Operation and Maintenance
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
Commodity contracts subject
Cost of Electric Fuel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
    and Purchased Power
 
 53 
 
 69 
 
 (14)
 
Commodity contracts subject
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
Cost of Natural Gas
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
 
 (2)
 
Total
 
$ 
 66 
$ 
 85 
$ 
 2 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate instruments(1)
Other Income, Net
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (1)
 
Commodity contracts subject
Cost of Electric Fuel 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
    and Purchased Power 
 
 53 
 
 69 
 
 (14)
 
Total
 
$ 
 53 
$ 
 69 
$ 
 (15)
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodity contracts not subject
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
Operation and Maintenance
$ 
 1 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 1 
 
Commodity contracts subject
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    to rate recovery
Cost of Natural Gas 
 
 ― 
 
 (2)
 
 (2)
 
Total
 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 (1)
$ 
 (1)
(1)
Amount for 2011 is related to Otay Mesa VIE. Sempra Energy Consolidated also includes additional instruments.
 
 

 
CONTINGENT FEATURES
 
For Sempra Energy and SDG&E, certain of our derivative instruments contain credit limits which vary depending upon our credit ratings. Generally, these provisions, if applicable, may reduce our credit limit if a specified credit rating agency reduces our ratings. In certain cases, if our credit ratings were to fall below investment grade, the counterparty to these derivative liability instruments could request immediate payment or demand immediate and ongoing full collateralization. 
 
For Sempra Energy, the total fair value of this group of derivative instruments in a net liability position at December 31, 2013 and 2012 is $3 million and $8 million, respectively. At December 31, 2013, if the credit ratings of Sempra Energy were reduced below investment grade, $3 million of additional assets could be required to be posted as collateral for these derivative contracts.
 
For SDG&E, the total fair value of this group of derivative instruments in a net liability position at December 31, 2013 and 2012 is $3 million and $6 million, respectively. At December 31, 2013, if the credit ratings of SDG&E were reduced below investment grade, $3 million of additional assets could be required to be posted as collateral for these derivative contracts.
 
For Sempra Energy, SDG&E and SoCalGas, some of our derivative contracts contain a provision that would permit the counterparty, in certain circumstances, to request adequate assurance of our performance under the contracts. Such additional assurance, if needed, is not material and is not included in the amounts above.
 

 
NOTE 10. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
 

 
Recurring Fair Value Measures
 
The three tables below, by level within the fair value hierarchy, set forth our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2013 and 2012. We classify financial assets and liabilities in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities, and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.
 
The fair value of commodity derivative assets and liabilities is presented in accordance with our netting policy, as we discuss in Note 9 under “Financial Statement Presentation.”
 
The determination of fair values, shown in the tables below, incorporates various factors, including but not limited to, the credit standing of the counterparties involved and the impact of credit enhancements (such as cash deposits, letters of credit and priority interests).
 
Our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2013 and 2012 in the tables below include the following:
 
§  
Nuclear decommissioning trusts reflect the assets of SDG&E’s nuclear decommissioning trusts, excluding cash balances. A third party trustee values the trust assets using prices from a pricing service based on a market approach. We validate these prices by comparison to prices from other independent data sources. Equity and certain debt securities are valued using quoted prices listed on nationally recognized securities exchanges or based on closing prices reported in the active market in which the identical security is traded (Level 1). Other debt securities are valued based on yields that are currently available for comparable securities of issuers with similar credit ratings (Level 2).
 
§  
We enter into commodity contracts and interest rate derivatives primarily as a means to manage price exposures. We may also manage foreign exchange rate exposures using derivatives. We primarily use a market approach with market participant assumptions to value these derivatives. Market participant assumptions include those about risk, and the risk inherent in the inputs to the valuation techniques. These inputs can be readily observable, market corroborated, or generally unobservable. We have exchange-traded derivatives that are valued based on quoted prices in active markets for the identical instruments (Level 1). We also may have other commodity derivatives that are valued using industry standard models that consider quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, volatility factors, and other relevant economic measures (Level 2). All Level 3 recurring items are related to CRRs at SDG&E, as we discuss below under “Level 3 Information.” We record commodity derivative contracts that are subject to rate recovery as commodity costs that are offset by regulatory account balances and are recovered in rates.
 
§  
Investments include marketable securities that we value using a market approach based on closing prices reported in the active market in which the identical security is traded (Level 1).
 
There were no transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 for Sempra Energy Consolidated, SDG&E or SoCalGas during the periods presented, nor any changes in valuation techniques used in recurring fair value measurements.
 


RECURRING FAIR VALUE MEASURES ― SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013 
 
 
 
Level 1 
 
Level 2 
 
Level 3 
 
Netting(1) 
 
Total 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Nuclear decommissioning trusts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          Equity securities
$ 
 614 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 614 
          Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
              Debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   U.S. government corporations and agencies
 
 59 
 
 58 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 117 
              Municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 111 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 111 
              Other securities
 
 ― 
 
 153 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 153 
          Total debt securities
 
 59 
 
 322 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 381 
    Total nuclear decommissioning trusts(2)
 
 673 
 
 322 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 995 
    Interest rate instruments
 
 ― 
 
 56 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 56 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 99 
 
 31 
 
 133 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 ― 
 
 17 
 
 23 
Total
$ 
 676 
$ 
 384 
$ 
 99 
$ 
 48 
$ 
 1,207 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate and foreign exchange instruments
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 117 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 117 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 ― 
 
 13 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 13 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 ― 
 
 (5)
 
 7 
Total
$ 
 4 
$ 
 138 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (5)
$ 
 137 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012 
 
 
Level 1 
 
Level 2 
 
Level 3 
 
Netting(1) 
 
Total 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Nuclear decommissioning trusts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          Equity securities
$ 
 539 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 539 
          Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
              Debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   U.S. government corporations and agencies
 
 87 
 
 69 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 156 
              Municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 63 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 63 
              Other securities
 
 ― 
 
 130 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 130 
          Total debt securities
 
 87 
 
 262 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 349 
    Total nuclear decommissioning trusts(2)
 
 626 
 
 262 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 888 
    Interest rate instruments
 
 ― 
 
 68 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 68 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 61 
 
 13 
 
 74 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 ― 
 
 22 
 
 43 
    Investments
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
Total
$ 
 640 
$ 
 338 
$ 
 61 
$ 
 35 
$ 
 1,074 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 126 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 126 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 23 
 
 9 
 
 ― 
 
 (23)
 
 9 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 6 
 
 23 
 
 ― 
 
 (11)
 
 18 
Total
$ 
 29 
$ 
 158 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (34)
$ 
 153 
(1)
Includes the effect of the contractual ability to settle contracts under master netting agreements and with cash collateral, as well as cash collateral not offset.
(2)
Excludes cash balances and cash equivalents.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


RECURRING FAIR VALUE MEASURES ― SDG&E
(Dollars in millions)
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013 
 
 
Level 1 
 
Level 2 
 
Level 3 
 
Netting(1) 
 
Total 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Nuclear decommissioning trusts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          Equity securities
$ 
 614 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 614 
          Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
              Debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   U.S. government corporations and agencies
 
 59 
 
 58 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 117 
              Municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 111 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 111 
              Other securities
 
 ― 
 
 153 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 153 
          Total debt securities
 
 59 
 
 322 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 381 
    Total nuclear decommissioning trusts(2)
 
 673 
 
 322 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 995 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 99 
 
 29 
 
 130 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 1 
Total
$ 
 674 
$ 
 323 
$ 
 99 
$ 
 30 
$ 
 1,126 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 55 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 55 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 ― 
 
 12 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 12 
Total
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 67 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 67 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012 
 
 
Level 1 
 
Level 2 
 
Level 3 
 
Netting(1) 
 
Total 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Nuclear decommissioning trusts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
          Equity securities
$ 
 539 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 539 
          Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
              Debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   U.S. government corporations and agencies
 
 87 
 
 69 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 156 
              Municipal bonds
 
 ― 
 
 63 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 63 
              Other securities
 
 ― 
 
 130 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 130 
          Total debt securities
 
 87 
 
 262 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 349 
    Total nuclear decommissioning trusts(2)
 
 626 
 
 262 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 888 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 61 
 
 12 
 
 73 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 1 
 
 1 
Total
$ 
 626 
$ 
 262 
$ 
 61 
$ 
 13 
$ 
 962 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Interest rate instruments
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 81 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 81 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
 
 23 
 
 8 
 
 ― 
 
 (23)
 
 8 
Total
$ 
 23 
$ 
 89 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 (23)
$ 
 89 
(1)
Includes the effect of the contractual ability to settle contracts under master netting agreements and with cash collateral, as well as cash collateral not offset.
(2)
Excludes cash balances and cash equivalents.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


RECURRING FAIR VALUE MEASURES ― SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2013 
 
 
 
Level 1 
 
Level 2 
 
Level 3 
 
Netting(1) 
 
Total 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 2 
$ 
 3 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 2 
Total 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 4 
$ 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
Total 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At fair value as of December 31, 2012 
 
 
 
Level 1 
 
Level 2 
 
Level 3 
 
Netting(1) 
 
Total 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 1 
    Commodity contracts not subject to rate recovery
 
 1 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 2 
 
 3 
Total 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 3 
$ 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Commodity contracts subject to rate recovery
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
Total 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1 
 (1)
Includes the effect of the contractual ability to settle contracts under master netting agreements and with cash collateral, as well as cash collateral not offset.

 
Level 3 Information
 
The following table sets forth reconciliations of changes in the fair value of CRRs classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy for Sempra Energy Consolidated and SDG&E:
 

LEVEL 3 RECONCILIATIONS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Balance as of January 1
$ 
 61 
$ 
 23 
$ 
 2 
    Realized and unrealized gains
 
 11 
 
 31 
 
 32 
    Allocated transmission instruments
 
 51 
 
 58 
 
 7 
    Settlements
 
 (24)
 
 (51)
 
 (18)
Balance as of December 31
$ 
 99 
$ 
 61 
$ 
 23 
Change in unrealized gains or losses relating to
 
 
 
 
 
 
    instruments still held at December 31
$ 
 11 
$ 
 17 
$ 
 17 

SDG&E’s Energy and Fuel Procurement department, in conjunction with SDG&E’s finance group, is responsible for determining the appropriate fair value methodologies used to value and classify CRRs on an ongoing basis. Inputs used to determine the fair value of CRRs are reviewed and compared with market conditions to determine reasonableness. SDG&E expects all costs related to CRRs to be recoverable through customer rates. As such, there is no impact to earnings from changes in the fair value of these instruments.
 
CRRs are recorded at fair value based almost entirely on the most current auction prices published by the California Independent System Operator (ISO), an objective source. The impact associated with discounting is negligible. Because auction prices are a less observable input, these instruments are classified as Level 3. At December 31, 2013, the auction prices ranged from $(6) per MWh to $12 per MWh at a given location, and the fair value of these instruments is derived from auction price differences between two locations. At December 31, 2012, the auction prices ranged from $(11) per MWh to $12 per MWh. Positive values between two locations represent expected future reductions in congestion costs, whereas negative values between two locations represent expected future charges. Valuation of our CRRs is sensitive to a change in auction price. If auction prices at one location increase (decrease) relative to another location, this could result in a higher (lower) fair value measurement. We summarize CRR volumes in Note 9. Realized gains and losses associated with CRRs are recorded in Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power, which is recoverable in rates, on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as regulatory assets and liabilities and therefore also do not affect earnings.
 
Derivative Positions Net of Cash Collateral
 
Each Consolidated Balance Sheet reflects the offsetting of net derivative positions with fair value amounts for cash collateral with the same counterparty when management believes a legal right of offset exists.
 
The following table provides the amount of fair value of cash collateral receivables that were not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2013 and 2012:
 

 
December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 48 
$ 
 35 
SDG&E
 
 30 
 
 13 
SoCalGas
 
 4 
 
 3 

 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
The fair values of certain of our financial instruments (cash, temporary investments, accounts and notes receivable, dividends and accounts payable, short-term debt and customer deposits) approximate their carrying amounts. Investments in life insurance contracts that we hold in support of our Supplemental Executive Retirement, Cash Balance Restoration and Deferred Compensation Plans are carried at cash surrender values, which represent the amount of cash that could be realized under the contracts. The following table provides the carrying amounts and fair values of certain other financial instruments at December 31:
 


FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
December 31, 2013 
 
 
Carrying 
 
Fair Value 
 
 
Amount
 
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total long-term debt(1)
$ 
 12,022 
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 11,925 
$ 
 751 
$ 
 12,676 
Preferred stock of subsidiary
 
 20 
 
 
 ― 
 
 20 
 
 ― 
 
 20 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total long-term debt(2)
$ 
 4,386 
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 4,226 
$ 
 335 
$ 
 4,561 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total long-term debt(3)
$ 
 1,413 
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1,469 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1,469 
Preferred stock
 
 22 
 
 
 ― 
 
 22 
 
 ― 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012 
 
 
Carrying 
 
Fair Value 
 
 
Amount
 
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
Sempra Energy Consolidated:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investments in affordable housing partnerships(4)
$ 
 12 
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 36 
$ 
 36 
Total long-term debt(1)
 
 11,873 
 
 
 ― 
 
 12,287 
 
 956 
 
 13,243 
Preferred stock of subsidiaries
 
 99 
 
 
 ― 
 
 107 
 
 ― 
 
 107 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total long-term debt(2)
$ 
 4,135 
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 4,243 
$ 
 345 
$ 
 4,588 
Contingently redeemable preferred stock(5)
 
 79 
 
 
 ― 
 
 85 
 
 ― 
 
 85 
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total long-term debt(3)
$ 
 1,413 
 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1,599 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 1,599 
Preferred stock
 
 22 
 
 
 ― 
 
 24 
 
 ― 
 
 24 
(1)
Before reductions for unamortized discount (net of premium) of $17 million and $16 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and excluding build-to-suit and capital leases of $195 million and capital leases of $189 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and commercial paper classified as long-term debt of $200 million and $300 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. We discuss our long-term debt in Note 5.
(2)
Before reductions for unamortized discount of $11 million and $12 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and excluding capital leases of $179 million and $185 million at December 31, 2013, respectively.
(3)
Before reductions for unamortized discount of $4 million at both December 31, 2013 and 2012 and excluding capital leases of $2 million and $4 million at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.
(4)
Investments in affordable housing partnerships at Parent and Other. At December 31, 2013, the carrying amount and fair value of these investments were negligible.
(5)
On October 15, 2013, SDG&E redeemed all outstanding shares of its contingently redeemable preferred stock for $82 million. We discuss the redemption in Note 11.

We base the fair value of certain long-term debt and preferred stock on a market approach using quoted market prices for identical or similar securities in thinly-traded markets (Level 2). We value other long-term debt using an income approach based on the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at rates available for similar securities (Level 3).
 
We calculate the fair value of our investments in affordable housing partnerships using an income approach based on the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at rates available for similar investments (Level 3).
 
 
Non-Recurring Fair Value Measures – Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
We discuss non-recurring fair value measures and the associated accounting impact on our investments in Rockies Express and RBS Sempra Commodities in Note 4.
 
 
Rockies Express
 
In 2012, we recorded a $400 million pretax impairment of our investment in Rockies Express. In the second quarter of 2012, the noncash impairment charge of $300 million ($179 million after-tax) primarily resulted from the continuing decline in basis differential associated with shale gas production zones coming on line, assumptions related to the re-contracting of the long-term transportation agreements, and the refinancing of the existing project level debt, discussed further below. The fair value measurement was significantly impacted by unobservable inputs (Level 3) as defined by the accounting guidance for fair value measurements, which we discuss in Note 1 under “Fair Value Measurements.” We considered a market participant’s view of the total value for Rockies Express, based on an estimation of the future cash distributions it would be able to generate, adjusted for our 25-percent ownership interest. To estimate future cash distributions, we considered factors impacting Rockies Express’ ability to pay future distributions including:
 
§  
the extent to which future cash flows are hedged by capacity sales contracts and their duration (generally through 2019), as well as the creditworthiness of the various counterparties;
 
§  
Rockies Express’ future financing needs, including the ability to secure borrowings at reasonable rates as well as potentially using operating cash to retire principal;
 
§  
prospects for generating attractive revenues and cash flows beyond 2019, including natural gas’ future basis differentials (driven by the location and extent of future supply and demand) and alternative strategies potentially available to utilize the assets; and
 
§  
discount rates commensurate with the risks inherent in the cash flows.
 
In the third quarter of 2012, KMI reached an agreement with Tallgrass, which closed in the fourth quarter of 2012, to sell its asset group as mandated by the FTC, which group included its interest in Rockies Express. Events in the third quarter of 2012 related to this agreement also provided us with additional market participant data. We therefore updated our analysis of the fair value of our investment in Rockies Express as of September 30, 2012 to reflect these additional inputs and recorded an additional impairment charge of $100 million ($60 million after-tax). This fair value measurement in the third quarter was based primarily on the Level 2 input. We believe this is useful and reliable information, but we considered that it may be impacted by the FTC’s requirement for KMI to sell its interest in Rockies Express. To reflect this uncertainty, our updated analysis included the less subjective Level 2 market participant input as the primary indicator of fair value, with less weight ascribed to value based on estimated discounted cash flows as discussed above and in the table below. The updates to the cash flow analysis used in determining fair value in the second quarter reflected discussions with Tallgrass as to the strategic direction they are planning to take with their equity partners for Rockies Express, as well as additional discussions with other market participants. Tallgrass became the operator of Rockies Express in November 2012.
 
We believe our analysis forms a reasonable estimate of the fair value of Rockies Express. This estimate includes the material input described above, which was generally observable during the period most relevant to our analysis. Regarding the unobservable inputs, significant uncertainties exist with regard to REX’s ability to secure attractive revenues beyond 2019. Accordingly, our analysis suggests that the fair value of our investment in Rockies Express could be materially different from the value we have estimated at this time. For example, if REX is able to sustain the level of revenues currently generated beyond 2019, the value of our investment in Rockies Express would be materially enhanced and the indicated value of our investment in Rockies Express could be significantly higher. Conversely, if REX is unable to sell its transport capacity at sufficient rates or in sufficient volumes beyond 2019, the fair value of our investment in Rockies Express could be materially lower than our carrying amount. Separately, future events involving REX equity could occur and may also provide additional information regarding the fair value of our investment in REX.
 
Sempra Natural Gas developed the models and scenarios used to measure the fair value of our investment in REX.  This modeling used inputs from external sources as described above and in the table below, as well as internally available data, such as operating and maintenance budgets used for financial planning purposes. External experts that forecast the future price of natural gas at various physical locations were also engaged to help validate certain scenarios and modeling assumptions. The fair value measurements were reviewed in detail by Sempra Natural Gas’ financial management, as well as Sempra Energy’s financial management team.
 
 
RBS Sempra Commodities
 
Parent and Other recorded an impairment charge of $16 million in 2011 to reduce the carrying value of our investment in RBS Sempra Commodities, which we discuss in Note 4. This impairment resulted from an adjustment to the carrying value of our investment in the partnership at the reporting date. We recorded the $16 million charge ($10 million after-tax) to reduce our investment in the partnership to reflect the estimates of our expected future cash distributions from the partnership at that time, which had been impacted by additional amounts incurred to conclude the sales of the partnership’s businesses.  In 2011, the fair value of our investment in RBS Sempra Commodities was significantly impacted by unobservable inputs (i.e. Level 3 inputs) as defined by the accounting guidance for fair value measurements and described in the table below. The inputs included estimated future cash distributions expected from the partnership, excluding the impact of costs anticipated for transactions that had not closed at the time of fair value measurement.
 

The following table summarizes significant inputs impacting non-recurring fair value measures related to our investments in REX and RBS Sempra Commodities:
 

NON-RECURRING FAIR VALUE MEASURES ― SEMPRA ENERGY CONSOLIDATED
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
% of
 
 
 
Estimated
 
Fair
Fair Value
 
 
 
Fair
 
Value
Measure-
 
Range of 
 
Value
Valuation Technique 
Hierarchy
ment
Inputs Used to Develop Measurement 
Inputs 
Investment in
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rockies Express
$369(1)
Market approach 
Level 2 
67%
Equity sale offer price 
100%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Probability weighted 
Level 3 
33%
Combined transportation rate assumption(2) 
6% - 78%
 
 
discounted cash flow 
 
 
Counterparty credit risk on existing contracts 
Low
 
 
 
 
 
Operation and maintenance escalation rate 
0% - 1%
 
 
 
 
 
Forecasted interest rate on debt to be refinanced 
5% - 10%
 
 
 
 
 
Discount rate 
8% - 10%
Investment in
 
 
 
 
 
 
RBS Sempra
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commodities
$126(3)
Discounted cash flow 
Level 3 
100%
Future cash distributions 
90% - 110%
(1)
At measurement date of September 30, 2012. At December 31, 2013, our investment in Rockies Express had a carrying value of $329 million, reflecting subsequent equity method activity to record distributions and earnings.
(2)
Transportation rate beyond existing contract terms as a percentage of current mean REX rates.
(3)
At measurement date of September 30, 2011. At December 31, 2013, our investment in RBS Sempra Commodities had a carrying value of $73 million, reflecting subsequent equity method activity to record distributions and losses.



 
NOTE 11. PREFERRED STOCK
 

The table below shows the details of preferred stock for SDG&E and SoCalGas. All series of Pacific Enterprises (PE) preferred stock were redeemed during 2011 and all series of SDG&E preferred stock were redeemed during 2013 as we discuss below.
 

PREFERRED STOCK
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Final Call/
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Redemption
December 31, 
  
 
 
 
Price
2013 
2012 
  
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
  
Contingently redeemable:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
SDG&E:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
    $20 par value, authorized 1,375,000 shares(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
        5% Series, 375,000 shares outstanding
$
 24.00 
$
 ― 
$
 8 
  
 
        4.5% Series, 300,000 shares outstanding
$
 21.20 
 
 ― 
 
 6 
  
 
        4.4% Series, 325,000 shares outstanding
$
 21.00 
 
 ― 
 
 7 
  
 
        4.6% Series, 373,770 shares outstanding
$
 20.25 
 
 ― 
 
 7 
  
 
    Without par value(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
        $1.70 Series, 1,400,000 shares outstanding
$
 25.00 
 
 ― 
 
 35 
  
 
        $1.82 Series, 640,000 shares outstanding
$
 26.00 
 
 ― 
 
 16 
  
 
    SDG&E - Total contingently redeemable preferred stock
 
 
 
 ― 
 
 79 
  
 
    Sempra Energy - Total contingently redeemable preferred
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
        stock of subsidiary
 
 
$
 ― 
$
 79 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
SoCalGas:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    $25 par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
        6% Series, 79,011 shares outstanding
 
 
$
 3 
$
 3 
  
        6% Series A, 783,032 shares outstanding
 
 
 
 19 
 
 19 
  
    SoCalGas - Total preferred stock
 
 
 
 22 
 
 22 
  
    Less: 50,970 shares of the 6% Series outstanding owned by PE
 
 
 
 (2)
 
 (2)
  
 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 20 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
    Sempra Energy - Total preferred stock of subsidiary
 
 
$
 20 
$
 20 
  
(1)    
Represents shares outstanding at December 31, 2012, which were fully redeemed in October 2013.
              

 
Following are the attributes of each company’s preferred stock. No amounts currently outstanding are subject to mandatory redemption.
 
SDG&E
 
On October 15, 2013, SDG&E redeemed all six series of its outstanding shares of contingently redeemable preferred stock for $82 million, including a $3 million early call premium. Each series was redeemed for cash at redemption prices ranging from $20.25 to $26 per share plus accrued dividends up to the redemption date of $1 million. The early call premium is presented as Call Premium on Preferred Stock of Subsidiary on Sempra Energy’s and Call Premium on Preferred Stock on SDG&E’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The redeemed shares are no longer outstanding and represent only the right to receive the applicable redemption prices (including accrued and accumulated dividends through October 15, 2013), without interest, upon surrender of the share certificates.
 
SDG&E is currently authorized to issue up to 25 million shares of an additional class of preference shares designated as “Series Preference Stock.” The stock’s rights, preferences and privileges would be established by the board of directors at the time of issuance.
 
SOCALGAS
 
§  
None of SoCalGas’ outstanding preferred stock is callable.
 
§  
All outstanding series have one vote per share, cumulative preferences as to dividends and liquidation preferences of $25 per share plus any unpaid dividends.
 
SoCalGas currently is also authorized to issue 5 million shares of series preferred stock and 5 million shares of preference stock, both without par value and with cumulative preferences as to dividends and liquidation value. The preference stock would rank junior to all series of preferred stock. Other rights and privileges of the stock would be established by the board of directors at the time of issuance.
 

PACIFIC ENTERPRISES
 
On June 30, 2011, PE redeemed all five series of its outstanding preferred stock for $81 million.  Each series was redeemed for cash at redemption prices ranging from $100 to $101.50 per share, plus accrued dividends up to the redemption date of an aggregate of $1 million.  The redeemed shares are no longer outstanding and represent only the right to receive the applicable redemption price, to the extent that shares have not yet been presented for payment.
 
PE currently is authorized to issue 10 million shares of series preferred stock and 5 million shares of Class A series preferred stock, both without par value and with cumulative preferences as to dividends and liquidation value.  No shares of preferred stock or Class A series preferred stock are outstanding.  Class A series preferred stock, when issued, would rank junior to all other series of preferred stock with respect to dividends and liquidation value.  Other rights and privileges of each series of the preferred stock and Class A series preferred stock would be established by the board of directors at the time of issuance.
 

 
NOTE 12. SEMPRA ENERGY – SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND EARNINGS PER SHARE
 

The following table provides the per share computations for our earnings for years ended December 31. Basic earnings per common share (EPS) is calculated by dividing earnings attributable to common stock by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the year. Diluted EPS includes the potential dilution of common stock equivalent shares that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.
 

EARNINGS PER SHARE COMPUTATIONS AND DIVIDENDS DECLARED
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; shares in thousands)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Numerator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Earnings/Income attributable to common shareholders
$ 
 1,001 
$ 
 859 
$ 
 1,331 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic EPS
 
 243,863 
 
 241,347 
 
 239,720 
    Dilutive effect of stock options, restricted stock awards and
 
 
 
 
 
 
        restricted stock units
 
 5,469 
 
 5,346 
 
 1,803 
    Weighted-average common shares outstanding for diluted EPS
 
 249,332 
 
 246,693 
 
 241,523 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Basic
$ 
 4.10 
$ 
 3.56 
$ 
 5.55 
    Diluted
$ 
 4.01 
$ 
 3.48 
$ 
 5.51 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends declared per share of common stock
$ 
 2.52 
$ 
 2.40 
$ 
 1.92 

The dilution from common stock options is based on the treasury stock method. Under this method, proceeds based on the exercise price plus unearned compensation and windfall tax benefits recognized, minus tax shortfalls recognized, are assumed to be used to repurchase shares on the open market at the average market price for the period. The windfall tax benefits are tax deductions we would receive upon the assumed exercise of stock options in excess of the deferred income taxes we recorded related to the compensation expense on the stock options. Tax shortfalls occur when the assumed tax deductions are less than recorded deferred income taxes. The calculation excludes options for which the exercise price on common stock was greater than the average market price during the period (out-of-the-money options). We had no such antidilutive stock options outstanding during 2013 and 40,000 and 2,083,275 outstanding during 2012 and 2011, respectively.
 
During 2013 and 2012, we had no stock options outstanding that were antidilutive because of the unearned compensation and windfall tax benefits recognized included in the assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method.  We had 900 such antidilutive stock options outstanding during 2011.
 
The dilution from unvested restricted stock awards (RSAs) and restricted stock units (RSUs) is also based on the treasury stock method. Proceeds equal to the unearned compensation and windfall tax benefits recognized, minus tax shortfalls recognized, related to the awards and units are assumed to be used to repurchase shares on the open market at the average market price for the period. The windfall tax benefits recognized or tax shortfalls recognized are the difference between tax deductions we would receive upon the assumed vesting of RSAs or RSUs and the deferred income taxes we recorded related to the compensation expense on such awards and units. There were no antidilutive RSAs and no antidilutive RSUs from the application of unearned compensation in the treasury stock method in 2013.  There were 1,934 such antidilutive RSAs and 7,673 such antidilutive RSUs in 2012 and no such antidilutive restricted stock awards or units in 2011.
 
Each performance-based RSU represents the right to receive between zero and 1.5 shares of Sempra Energy common stock based on Sempra Energy’s four-year cumulative total shareholder return compared to the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500 Utilities Index, as follows:
 
Four-Year Cumulative Total Shareholder Return Ranking versus S&P 500 Utilities Index(1)
Number of Sempra Energy Common Shares Received for Each Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit(2)
75th Percentile or Above
1.5 
50th Percentile
1 
35th Percentile or Below
― 
 (1)
If Sempra Energy ranks at or above the 50th percentile compared to the S&P 500 Index, participants will receive a minimum of 1.0 share for each RSU.
 (2)
Participants also receive additional shares for dividend equivalents on shares subject to RSUs, which are reinvested to purchase additional units that become subject to the same vesting conditions as the RSUs to which the dividends relate.
 
 
RSAs and those RSUs that are solely service-based have a maximum potential of 100 percent vesting and have the same dividend equivalent rights as performance-based RSUs. We include our performance-based RSUs in potential dilutive shares at zero to 150 percent to the extent that they currently meet the performance requirements for vesting, subject to the application of the treasury stock method. Due to market fluctuations of both Sempra Energy stock and the comparative index, dilutive performance-based RSU shares may vary widely from period-to-period. We include our RSAs, which are solely service-based, and those RSUs that are solely service-based in potential dilutive shares at 100 percent.
 
RSUs and RSAs may be excluded from potential dilutive shares by the application of unearned compensation in the treasury stock method, as we discuss above, or because performance goals are currently not met.  The maximum excluded RSUs and RSAs, assuming performance goals were met at maximum levels, were 641,751; 1,134,456 and 4,109,717 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
 
We are authorized to issue 750,000,000 shares of no-par-value common stock. In addition, we are authorized to issue 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock having rights, preferences and privileges that would be established by the Sempra Energy board of directors at the time of issuance.
 
There were no shares of common stock held by the ESOP at December 31, 2013 or 2012, and 153,625 at December 31, 2011. These shares were unallocated and therefore excluded from the computation of EPS.
 

Excluding shares held by the ESOP, common stock activity consisted of the following:
 

COMMON STOCK ACTIVITY
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
 
2013 
 
2012 
 
2011 
Common shares outstanding, January 1
 
 242,368,836 
 
 239,934,681 
 
 240,447,416 
    Stock options exercised
 
 1,237,348 
 
 1,876,303 
 
 958,126 
    Restricted stock issuances
 
 21,121 
 
 2,580 
 
 11,876 
    Restricted stock units vesting(1)
 
 1,491,170 
 
 683,416 
 
 2,625 
    Shares released from ESOP
 
 ― 
 
 153,625 
 
 350,815 
    Shares repurchased(2)
 
 (657,148)
 
 (281,769)
 
 (1,836,177)
Common shares outstanding, December 31
 
 244,461,327 
 
 242,368,836 
 
 239,934,681 
(1)
Includes dividend equivalents.
(2)
In addition to formal common stock repurchase programs which we discuss below, we also, from time to time, purchase shares of our common stock from restricted stock plan participants who elect to sell a sufficient number of vesting restricted shares to meet minimum statutory tax withholding requirements.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our board of directors has the discretion to determine the payment and amount of future dividends.
 
 
COMMON STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAMS
 
On September 11, 2007, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of additional shares of our common stock provided that the amounts expended for such purposes did not exceed the greater of $2 billion or amounts expended to purchase no more than 40 million shares. Purchases may include open-market and negotiated transactions, structured purchase arrangements, and tender offers.
 
In April 2008, we entered into a share repurchase program under which we expended $1 billion to repurchase 18,416,241 shares of our common stock in 2008 at a weighted average price of $54.30 per share.
 
In September 2010, we entered into a share repurchase program under which we prepaid $500 million to repurchase shares of our common stock in a share forward transaction. The program was completed in March 2011 with a total of 9,574,435 shares repurchased at an average price of $52.22 per share. Our outstanding shares used to calculate earnings per share were reduced by the number of shares repurchased when they were delivered to us, and the $500 million purchase price was recorded as a reduction in shareholders’ equity upon its prepayment. We received 8,078,000 shares during 2010 and 1,496,435 shares in 2011.
 
These share repurchase programs are unrelated to share-based compensation as described in Note 8.
 

 
NOTE 13. SAN ONOFRE NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION (SONGS)
 

SDG&E has a 20-percent ownership interest in SONGS, a 2,150-MW nuclear generating facility near San Clemente, California. SONGS is operated by Southern California Edison Company (Edison), the majority owner, and is subject to the jurisdiction of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the CPUC.
 
SDG&E, and each of the other owners, holds its undivided interest as a tenant in common in the property. Each owner is responsible for financing its share of expenses and capital expenditures.
 
SDG&E’s share of operating expenses is included in Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
 
SONGS Outage and Retirement
 
On June 6, 2013, Edison notified SDG&E that it had reached a decision to permanently retire SONGS Units 2 and 3 and seek approval from the NRC to start the decommissioning activities for the entire facility. Edison advised SDG&E that its management had made the unilateral decision to retire the Units once Edison concluded that the considerable uncertainty about when, or if, the NRC would allow a restart of Unit 2 could not be resolved. Given this uncertainty, Edison decided to retire both Units and seek the authority from the NRC to commence the decommissioning of SONGS.
 

Background
 
The steam generators were replaced in Units 2 and 3, and the Units returned to service in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Both Units have been shut down since early 2012 after a water leak occurred in the Unit 3 steam generator. Edison concluded that the leak was due to unexpected wear from tube-to-tube contact. At the time the leak was identified, Edison also inspected and tested Unit 2 and subsequently found unexpected tube wear in Unit 2’s steam generators, as well. In March 2012, in response to the shutdown of SONGS, the NRC issued a Confirmatory Action Letter (CAL) which, among other things, outlined the requirements Edison would be required to meet before the NRC would approve a restart of either of the Units.
 
In October 2012, Edison submitted a restart plan to the NRC proposing to operate Unit 2 at a reduced power level for a period of five months, at which time the Unit would be brought down for further inspection. Edison did not file a restart plan for Unit 3, pending further inspection and analysis of what the required repairs or modifications would need to be to return the Unit back to service in a safe manner. The NRC had been reviewing the restart plan for Unit 2 proposed by Edison since that time, and in May 2013, the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board (ASLB), an adjudicatory arm of the NRC, concluded that the CAL process constituted a de facto license amendment proceeding that was subject to a public hearing. This conclusion by the ASLB resulted in further uncertainty regarding when a final decision might be made on restarting Unit 2.
 
The steam generators were designed and provided by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Mitsubishi Nuclear Energy Systems, Inc., and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America, Inc. (collectively MHI). In July 2013, SDG&E filed a lawsuit against MHI seeking to recover damages SDG&E has incurred and will incur related to the design defects in the steam generators. In October 2013, Edison instituted arbitration proceedings against MHI seeking damages as well. We discuss these proceedings in Note 15.
 
 
CPUC SONGS Order Instituting Investigation (OII)
 
In response to the prolonged outage, the CPUC issued an OII, pursuant to California Public Utilities’ Code Section 455.5, which applies to cost recovery issues resulting from long-term outages of operating assets. The OII consolidated most SONGS issues in various related proceedings into a single proceeding. The OII, among other things, ruled that all revenues associated with the investment in, and operation of, SONGS since January 1, 2012 are subject to refund to customers, pending the outcome of all phases of the proceeding. The OII proceeding will also determine the ultimate recovery of the investment in SONGS and the costs incurred since the commencement of this outage, including purchased replacement power costs that are typically recovered through the Energy Resource Recovery Account (ERRA) balancing account subject only to a reasonableness review by the CPUC.
 
The first phase of the OII addresses the reasonableness of the costs incurred in 2012. In November 2013, the CPUC issued a Proposed Decision (PD) on the first phase of the OII, which included the following impacts:
 
§  
The PD identified $182.8 million as SDG&E’s share of the costs incurred by Edison, including overheads and capital, in 2012. Of this amount, the PD deemed $19.3 million to have been unreasonably incurred and recommended that this amount be refunded in rates effective January 1, 2014.
 
§  
In addition, the PD identified $27 million as SDG&E’s share of the $122 million in costs incurred by Edison in 2012 associated with the steam generator inspection and repair, which costs will be reviewed in Phase 3, but not removed from rates yet. These costs are to be separately accounted for and interest accrued at the one-year U.S. Treasury rate should the CPUC decide in Phase 3 that they should also be refunded.
 
In addition, the PD defines the methodology to calculate replacement power costs, and the SONGS owners must re-calculate their replacement power costs according to the adopted methodology. Those costs are subject to refund (to the extent they are in rates) pending the outcome of Phase 3. The PD is subject to final approval by the CPUC and may be amended or changed.
 
The second phase of the OII addresses the appropriate rate recovery treatment of the investment in SONGS assets. Hearings on this second phase were held in October 2013, and a CPUC decision on this phase of the OII is scheduled for the first half of 2014.
 
The third phase of the OII will address the reasonableness of the steam generator replacement project costs. We expect this phase to begin in the second half of 2014.
 
Since the unscheduled outage started, SDG&E has procured power to meet its customers’ needs to replace the power that would have been supplied to SDG&E from SONGS, had SONGS been in operation. The estimated cost of the purchased replacement power, determined consistent with the methodology used in the CPUC’s OII into the SONGS outage, incurred from January 2012 through June 6, 2013, the date Edison notified SDG&E of the early closure of SONGS, was approximately $165 million. Of this total, $98 million was incurred in 2012 and has been approved for collection in rates pursuant to prior ERRA proceedings. The remaining $67 million, discussed below, represents replacement power costs incurred in 2013 through June 6 that have not yet been approved for recovery in rates. Although $98 million has been authorized for recovery through ERRA, the OII will determine whether any of this amount will be required to be refunded to customers.
 
In addition to the estimated cost of the purchased replacement power mentioned above, SDG&E’s share of SONGS’ operating costs, including depreciation, and the return on its investment in SONGS from January 1, 2012 through June 30, 2013, was approximately $300 million.
 
 
Accounting for the Early Retirement of SONGS
 
Given the decision by Edison to close SONGS, SDG&E management assessed the appropriate accounting for an early-retired plant. In conducting this assessment, management took into consideration, among other things, the interrelationship of any recovery of SDG&E’s investment in SONGS, the cost of operations, the cost of purchased replacement power and the probability of having to refund to customers a portion or all of the revenue subject to refund. Management’s assessment took into account that the CPUC is considering all of these elements on a combined basis in the OII. After considering the regulatory precedent regarding rate recovery of investments in and costs incurred related to early-retired plants, management considered a number of possible regulatory outcomes from the OII proceeding, none of which management considered certain, and given SDG&E’s non-operator and minority interest position and the regulatory precedent on such matters, management believes that it is probable that SDG&E will recover in rates the amount recorded in the SONGS regulatory asset, as described below. We determined the amount deemed probable of recovery based on our assessment of the likelihood of the potential regulatory outcomes identified, resulting in SDG&E recording a $200 million pretax loss in the second quarter of 2013.
 
As a result of Edison’s decision to permanently retire SONGS Units 2 and 3, and as a result of our assessment described above, SDG&E established a new regulatory asset included in Other Regulatory Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2013, the balance in this new regulatory asset was $303 million and was comprised of the following:
 
§  
the net book value of SDG&E’s investment in SONGS plant and nuclear fuel of $516 million, which prior to the date of the plant retirement, had been reported as Property, Plant and Equipment on the Consolidated Balance Sheet;
 
§  
SDG&E’s SONGS-related materials and supplies of $10 million, which prior to the date of the plant retirement, had been reported as Inventory on the Consolidated Balance Sheet;
 
§  
SDG&E’s 2013 cost of replacement power that is in excess of the amount previously authorized for recovery in ERRA of $67 million which, prior to the date of the plant retirement, would have been reported as Regulatory Balancing Accounts, Net in Current Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet;
 
§  
miscellaneous costs incurred or expected to be incurred by SDG&E associated with the early closure of the plant of $35 million; net of
 
§  
a $200 million reserve for disallowance of rate recovery reported as Loss from Plant Closure on the Consolidated Statement of Operations; and
 
§  
$125 million for amounts billed to customers for operating costs and the recovery of and return on investment in SONGS since the plant closure in early June 2013 that are subject to refund.
 
The amount that SDG&E will eventually recover will require a regulatory decision from the CPUC that could result in recovery of an amount that is materially different than management’s estimate. In addition to recoveries through the regulatory process, SDG&E intends to pursue various avenues for recovery from other potentially responsible parties and insurance carriers. However, these anticipated recoveries, if any, cannot be included in our current estimates. SDG&E will continue to assess the probability of recovery in rates of this new regulatory asset, as well as: 1) the cost of the purchased replacement power of $98 million approved in prior ERRA proceedings for collection in rates, and 2) the operations and maintenance expenses incurred by SDG&E since the start of the forced outages, which amounted to approximately $184 million through December 31, 2013. Should SDG&E conclude that recovery in rates is less than the amount anticipated or no longer probable, SDG&E will record an additional charge against earnings at the time such a conclusion is reached.
 
 
NRC Proceedings
 
In December 2013, Edison received a final NRC Inspection Report that identified a violation for the failure to verify the adequacy of the thermal-hydraulic and flow-induced vibration design of the Unit 3 replacement steam generators. In January 2014, Edison provided a response to the NRC Inspection Report stating that MHI, as contracted by Edison to prepare the SONGS replacement steam generator design, was the party responsible for performing the verification and checking of the design of the steam generators.
 
Simultaneously, the NRC issued an Inspection Report to MHI containing a Notice of Nonconformance for its flawed computer modeling in the design of the replacement steam generators.
 
Because SONGS has ceased operation, NRC inspection oversight of SONGS will now be continued through the NRC’s Decommissioning Power Reactor Inspection Program to verify that decommissioning activities are being conducted safely, that spent fuel is safely stored onsite or transferred to another licensed location, and that the site operations and licensee termination activities conform to applicable regulatory requirements, licensee commitments and management controls.
 
 
Nuclear Decommissioning and Funding
 
As a result of Edison’s decision to permanently retire SONGS Units 2 and 3, Edison has begun the decommissioning phase of the plant. The process of decommissioning a nuclear power plant is governed by NRC regulations, as well as regulations of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of the Navy (the land owner), the CPUC and other regulatory bodies. The NRC regulations categorize the decommissioning activities into three phases: initial activities, major decommissioning and storage activities, and license termination. Initial activities include providing notice of permanent cessation of operations (accomplished on June 12, 2013) and notice of permanent removal of fuel from the reactor vessels (provided by Edison to the NRC on June 28 and July 22, 2013 for Units 3 and 2, respectively). Within two years after the cessation of operations, the licensee (Edison) must submit a post-shutdown decommissioning activities report, an irradiated fuel management plan and a site-specific decommissioning cost estimate. Edison currently estimates that it will provide the other initial activity phase plans and cost estimates to the NRC by the end of 2014.
 
In accordance with state and federal requirements and regulations, SDG&E has assets held in trusts, referred to as the Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts (NDT), to fund decommissioning costs for SONGS Units 1, 2 and 3. At December 31, 2013, the fair value of SDG&E’s NDT assets was $1 billion. Except for the use of funds for the planning of decommissioning activities, CPUC approval is required for SDG&E to access the NDT assets to fund SONGS decommissioning costs. In February 2014, SDG&E filed a request with the CPUC for such authorization. Until CPUC approval is received, SDG&E will use working capital to pay for any SONGS decommissioning costs incurred, and such expenditures will be reimbursed from the NDT upon that approval. The timing of SDG&E’s access to the NDT assets may also depend on a finding by the NRC regarding the characterization of the commingled funds. SDG&E expects the NRC to make such a finding in 2014.
 
SDG&E and Edison have a joint application pending with the CPUC requesting continued rate recovery of the estimated cost for decommissioning of SONGS. SDG&E is currently authorized to recover $8 million annually to fund additional investments in the NDT to pay for the cost of decommissioning SONGS. In its pending application with the CPUC, SDG&E is requesting to recover $16 million on an annual basis to fund additional investments in the NDT. We expect a decision on this application in the first half of 2014.
 
 
Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts
 
The amounts collected in rates for SONGS’ decommissioning are invested in externally managed trust funds. Amounts held by the trusts are invested in accordance with CPUC regulations. These trusts are shown on the Sempra Energy and SDG&E Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value with the offsetting credits recorded in Regulatory Liabilities Arising from Removal Obligations.
 
The following table shows the fair values and gross unrealized gains and losses for the securities held in the trust funds. We provide additional fair value disclosures for the trusts in Note 10.
 


NUCLEAR DECOMMISSIONING TRUSTS
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
Gross 
Gross 
Estimated 
 
 
 
Unrealized 
Unrealized 
Fair 
 
 
Cost
Gains
Losses
Value
At December 31, 2013:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         U.S. government corporations and agencies(1)
$ 
 116 
$ 
 3 
$ 
 (2)
$ 
 117 
    Municipal bonds(2)
 
 110 
 
 2 
 
 (1)
 
 111 
    Other securities(3)
 
 155 
 
 3 
 
 (5)
 
 153 
Total debt securities
 
 381 
 
 8 
 
 (8)
 
 381 
Equity securities
 
 207 
 
 409 
 
 (2)
 
 614 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
 39 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 39 
Total
$ 
 627 
$ 
 417 
$ 
 (10)
$ 
 1,034 
At December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Debt securities issued by the U.S. Treasury and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         U.S. government corporations and agencies
$ 
 147 
$ 
 9 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 156 
    Municipal bonds
 
 57 
 
 6 
 
 ― 
 
 63 
    Other securities
 
 121 
 
 10 
 
 (1)
 
 130 
Total debt securities
 
 325 
 
 25 
 
 (1)
 
 349 
Equity securities
 
 249 
 
 292 
 
 (2)
 
 539 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
 20 
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 20 
Total
$ 
 594 
$ 
 317 
$ 
 (3)
$ 
 908 
(1)
Maturity dates are 2014-2056.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(2)
Maturity dates are 2014-2062.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
Maturity dates are 2014-2111.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The following table shows the proceeds from sales of securities in the trusts and gross realized gains and losses on those sales.
 

SALES OF SECURITIES
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Proceeds from sales(1)
$ 
 685 
$ 
 723 
$ 
 715 
Gross realized gains
 
 26 
 
 21 
 
 75 
Gross realized losses
 
 (18)
 
 (13)
 
 (52)
(1)
Excludes securities that are held to maturity.

Net unrealized gains (losses) are included in Regulatory Liabilities Arising from Removal Obligations on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We determine the cost of securities in the trusts on the basis of specific identification.
 
Customer contribution amounts are determined by the CPUC using estimates of after-tax investment returns, decommissioning costs, and decommissioning cost escalation rates. Changes in investment returns and decommissioning costs may result in a change in future customer contributions.
 
 
Asset Retirement Obligation and Spent Nuclear Fuel
 
SDG&E’s asset retirement obligation related to decommissioning costs for the SONGS units was $756 million at December 31, 2013. That amount includes the cost to decommission Units 2 and 3, and the remaining cost to complete the decommissioning of Unit 1, which is substantially complete. Edison generally updates decommissioning cost studies every three years. The most recent cost study was approved by the CPUC in July 2012. The obligation at December 31, 2013 is based on this cost study, adjusted to reflect the acceleration of the start of decommissioning Units 2 and 3. SDG&E’s share of decommissioning costs under the approved study is approximately $768 million in 2008 dollars and $912 million escalated to 2013 dollars. Rate recovery of decommissioning costs is allowed until the time that the costs are fully recovered.
 
Unit 1 was permanently shut down in 1992, and physical decommissioning began in January 2000. Most structures, foundations and large components have been dismantled, removed and disposed of. Spent nuclear fuel has been removed from the Unit 1 Spent Fuel Pool and stored on-site in an independent spent fuel storage installation (ISFSI) licensed by the NRC. The decommissioning of Unit 1 remaining structures (subsurface and intake/discharge) will take place as Units 2 and 3 are decommissioned. The ISFSI will be decommissioned after a permanent storage facility becomes available and the DOE removes the spent fuel from the site. The Unit 1 reactor vessel is expected to remain on site until Units 2 and 3 are fully decommissioned. Until then, SONGS owners are responsible for interim storage of spent nuclear fuel at SONGS until the DOE accepts it for final disposal. Spent nuclear fuel for Units 2 and 3 has been stored in the SONGS spent fuel pools for each reactor and in the ISFSI.
 
We provide additional information about SONGS in Note 15.
 

 
NOTE 14. CALIFORNIA UTILITIES’ REGULATORY MATTERS
 

 
JOINT MATTERS
 
 
CPUC General Rate Case (GRC)
 
The CPUC uses a general rate case proceeding to prospectively set rates sufficient to allow the California Utilities to recover their reasonable cost of operations and maintenance and to provide the opportunity to realize their authorized rates of return on their investment. In December 2010, the California Utilities filed their 2012 General Rate Case (2012 GRC) applications to establish their authorized 2012 revenue requirements and the ratemaking mechanisms by which those requirements would change on an annual basis over the subsequent three-year (2013-2015) period.
 
In May 2013, the CPUC approved a final decision (Final GRC Decision) in the California Utilities’ 2012 GRC. The Final GRC Decision establishes a 2012 revenue requirement of $1.733 billion for SDG&E and $1.959 billion for SoCalGas. This represents an increase of $119 million (7.4 percent) and $115 million (6.2 percent) over SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ authorized 2011 revenue requirements, respectively. The Final GRC Decision is effective retroactive to January 1, 2012, and SDG&E and SoCalGas recorded the cumulative earnings effect of the retroactive application of the Final GRC Decision of $69 million and $37 million, respectively, in the second quarter of 2013. For SDG&E and SoCalGas, respectively, these amounts include an incremental earnings impact of $52 million and $25 million related to 2012 and $17 million and $12 million related to the first quarter of 2013.
 
The amount of revenue associated with the retroactive period is expected to be recovered in SDG&E’s rates over a 28-month period beginning in September 2013, and in SoCalGas’ rates over a 31-month period beginning in June 2013. At December 31, 2013, SDG&E reported on its Consolidated Balance Sheet $324 million as a regulatory asset, with $161 million classified as noncurrent, representing the retroactive revenue from the Final GRC Decision to be recovered by SDG&E in rates during the period December 2013 through December 2015. At December 31, 2013, SoCalGas reported on its Consolidated Balance Sheet a regulatory asset of $104 million, with $52 million as noncurrent, representing the retroactive revenue from the Final GRC Decision to be recovered in rates through December 2015.
 
The Final GRC Decision also establishes a four-year GRC period (through 2015) with a revenue attrition mechanism for the escalation of the adopted revenue requirements for years 2013, 2014 and 2015 based on fixed annual factors of 2.65 percent, 2.75 percent and 2.75 percent, respectively.
 
For SDG&E, the Final GRC Decision also provides the revenue requirement for cost recovery of wildfire insurance premiums beginning January 1, 2012.
 
 
CPUC Cost of Capital
 
A cost of capital proceeding determines a utility’s authorized capital structure and authorized rate of return on rate base (ROR), which is a weighted average of the authorized returns on debt, preferred stock, and common equity (return on equity or ROE), weighted on a basis consistent with the authorized capital structure. The authorized ROR is the rate that the California Utilities are authorized to use in establishing rates to recover the cost of debt and equity used to finance their investment in electric and natural gas distribution, natural gas transmission and electric generation assets. In addition, a cost of capital proceeding also addresses the automatic ROR adjustment mechanism which applies market-based benchmarks to determine whether an adjustment to the authorized ROR is required during the interim years between cost of capital proceedings.
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas filed separate applications with the CPUC in April 2012 to update their cost of capital effective January 1, 2013. The CPUC issued a ruling in June 2012 bifurcating the proceeding. Phase 1 addressed each utility’s cost of capital for 2013, with a final decision issued in December 2012, which granted SDG&E and SoCalGas an authorized ROR of 7.79 percent and 8.02 percent, respectively, as presented in the table below. The CPUC-authorized ROR in effect prior to the effective date of this decision was 8.40 percent for SDG&E and 8.68 percent for SoCalGas. Phase 2 addressed the cost of capital adjustment mechanisms for SDG&E, SoCalGas, Edison and Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E).
 
The CPUC’s final decision for Phase 1 is outlined in the table below:
 

COST OF CAPITAL FINAL DECISION SUMMARY
 
 
 
 
 
SDG&E
 
 
 
SoCalGas
Authorized Weighting
 
Authorized Rate of Recovery
 
Weighted Authorized ROR
 
 
 
Authorized Weighting
 
Authorized Rate of Recovery
 
Weighted Authorized ROR
45.25%
 
5.00%
 
2.26%
 
Long-Term Debt
 
45.60%
 
5.77%
 
2.63%
2.75%
 
6.22%
 
0.17%
 
Preferred Stock
 
2.40%
 
6.00%
 
0.14%
52.00%
 
10.30%
 
5.36%
 
Common Equity
 
52.00%
 
10.10%
 
5.25%
100.00%
 
 
 
7.79%
 
 
 
100.00%
 
 
 
8.02%

SDG&E, SoCalGas, PG&E, Edison and the Office of Ratepayer Advocates (ORA) (formerly the Division of Ratepayer Advocates or DRA) sponsored a joint stipulation in Phase 2 of the proceeding. In March 2013, the CPUC’s final decision adopted the joint stipulation, as proposed. SDG&E retains its current cost of capital adjustment mechanism, and SoCalGas has implemented this same adjustment mechanism, discussed below. Both utilities are forgoing their proposed off-ramp provision, which was intended as a safeguard to protect against extreme changes in interest rates and allow the CPUC latitude to suspend the annual mechanism if prudent.
 
The cost of capital adjustment mechanism benchmark is based on the 12-month average monthly A-rated utility bond yield as published by Moody’s (CCM Benchmark) for the 12-month period October through September of each fiscal year. If the 12-month average falls outside of a specified range, then the utility’s authorized ROE would be adjusted, upward or downward, by one-half of the difference between the 12-month average and the mid-point of the specified range. In addition, the utility’s authorized recovery rate for the cost of debt and preferred stock would also be adjusted to their respective actual weighted average cost. Therefore, for intervening years between scheduled cost of capital updates, the utility’s authorized ROR would adjust, upward or downward, as a result of all three adjustments with the new rate going into effect on January 1 following the year in which the benchmark range was exceeded. For both SDG&E and SoCalGas, the CCM Benchmark rate is set at 4.24 percent, resulting in the specified range of a low of 3.24 percent to a high of 5.24 percent. The 12-month average rate would have to fall outside of this range for the adjustments to occur. For the four-month period ended January 31, 2014, the monthly average CCM Benchmark was 4.73 percent.
 
 
Natural Gas Pipeline Operations Safety Assessments
 
Various regulatory agencies, including the CPUC, are evaluating natural gas pipeline safety regulations, practices and procedures. In February 2011, the CPUC opened a forward-looking rulemaking proceeding to examine what changes should be made to existing pipeline safety regulations for California natural gas pipelines. The California Utilities are parties to this proceeding.
 
In June 2011, the CPUC directed SoCalGas, SDG&E, PG&E and Southwest Gas to file comprehensive implementation plans to test or replace natural gas transmission pipelines located in populated areas that have not been pressure tested. The California Utilities filed their Pipeline Safety Enhancement Plan (PSEP) with the CPUC in August 2011. The proposed safety measures, investments and estimated costs are not included in the California Utilities’ 2012 GRC requests discussed above, but the associated cost recovery and return of and on invested capital will be determined as part of the Triennial Cost Allocation Proceeding (TCAP), as we discuss below. The comprehensive plan covers all of the utilities’ approximately 4,000 miles of transmission lines (3,750 miles for SoCalGas and 250 miles for SDG&E) and would be implemented in two phases:
 
§  
Phase 1 focuses on populated areas of SoCalGas’ and SDG&E’s service territories and would be implemented over a 10-year period, from 2012 to 2022.
 
§  
Phase 2 covers unpopulated areas of SoCalGas’ and SDG&E’s service territories and will be filed with the CPUC at a later date.
 
The total cost estimate for Phase 1, over the 10-year period of 2012 to 2022, is $3.1 billion ($2.5 billion for SoCalGas and $600 million for SDG&E). In their August 2011 filing, the utilities requested the CPUC to authorize funding for the recovery of costs through 2015 of approximately $1.5 billion for SoCalGas, of which $1.2 billion would be capital investment, and $240 million for SDG&E, of which $230 million would be capital investment. After 2015, the utilities proposed to include the costs of the PSEP in their next General Rate Case (for their authorized revenue requirements in 2016). The utilities also proposed that the cost of the program be recovered through a surcharge, rather than by incorporating it into rates. The surcharge would increase over time, as more project work is completed. Since the date of the initial filing, the California Utilities have provided the CPUC’s Safety and Enforcement Division (formerly the Consumer Protection and Safety Division) updated information that reflects the current scope of work, including the recovery of additional records resulting in a reduction to the number of pipeline miles without records. The California Utilities anticipate that the PD in this proceeding will require SDG&E and SoCalGas to update the costs included in their previous filings, based on the latest scope of work.
 
In December 2011, the assigned Commissioner to the rulemaking proceeding for the pipeline safety regulations ruled that SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ TCAP would be the most logical proceeding to conduct the reasonableness and ratemaking review of the companies’ PSEP.
 
In January 2012, the CPUC Consumer Protection and Safety Division (CPSD) issued a Technical Report on the California Utilities’ PSEP.  The report, along with testimony and evidentiary hearings, will be used to evaluate the PSEP in the regulatory process.  Generally, the report found that the PSEP approach to pipeline replacement and pressure testing and other proposed enhancements is reasonable. 
 
In February 2012, the assigned Commissioner in the TCAP issued a ruling setting a schedule for the review of the SDG&E and SoCalGas PSEP with evidentiary hearings held in August 2012. SDG&E and SoCalGas now expect the Administrative Law Judge to issue a proposed decision in Phase 1A of this proceeding in 2014.
 
In April 2012, the CPUC issued an interim decision in the rulemaking proceeding formally transferring the PSEP to the TCAP and authorizing SDG&E and SoCalGas to establish regulatory accounts to record the incremental costs of initiating the PSEP prior to a final decision on the PSEP. The TCAP proceeding will address the recovery of the costs recorded in the regulatory account.
 
Also in April 2012, the CPUC issued a decision expanding the scope of the rulemaking proceeding to incorporate the provisions of California Senate Bill (SB) 705, which requires gas utilities to develop and implement a plan for the safe and reliable operation of their gas pipeline facilities. SDG&E and SoCalGas submitted their pipeline safety plans in June 2012. The CPUC decision also orders the utilities to undergo independent management and financial audits to assure that the utilities are fully meeting their safety responsibilities. The CPUC’s Safety and Enforcement Division will select the independent auditors and will oversee the audits. A schedule for the audits has not been established. In December 2012, the CPUC issued a final decision accepting the utility safety plans filed pursuant to SB 705.
 
 
Southern Gas System Reliability Project
 
In December 2013, SoCalGas and SDG&E filed a joint application with the CPUC seeking authority to recover the full cost of the Southern Gas System Reliability Project. Also known as the North-South Gas Transmission Pipeline Project, the project will enhance reliability on the southern portions of the utilities’ integrated gas transmission system (Southern System). We estimate the cost of the project to be between $600 million to $650 million. As proposed, the project consists of three components: 1) constructing a 36-inch gas transmission pipeline between the SoCalGas Adelanto and Moreno gas compressor stations, a distance of approximately 60 miles; 2) upgrading the Adelanto compressor station; and 3) constructing a 36-inch pipeline from the Moreno compressor station to a pressure limiting station in Whitewater, a distance of approximately 31 miles. SDG&E and SoCalGas have requested a CPUC decision in the first quarter of 2015. The project is scheduled to be in service by the end of 2019.
 
 
Utility Incentive Mechanisms
 
The CPUC applies performance-based measures and incentive mechanisms to all California investor-owned utilities, under which the California Utilities have earnings potential above authorized base margins if they achieve or exceed specific performance and operating goals. Generally, for performance-based awards, if performance is above or below specific benchmarks, the utility is eligible for financial awards or subject to financial penalties. SDG&E has incentive mechanisms associated with:
 
§  
operational incentives
 
§  
energy efficiency
 
SoCalGas has incentive mechanisms associated with:
 
§  
energy efficiency
 
§  
natural gas procurement
 
§  
unbundled natural gas storage and system operator hub services
 
Incentive awards are included in our earnings when we receive any required CPUC approval of the award. We would record penalties for results below the specified benchmarks in earnings when we believe it is more likely than not that the CPUC would assess a penalty.
 
We provide a summary of the incentive awards recognized below.
 

UTILITY INCENTIVE AWARDS RECORDED IN EARNINGS 2011-2013(1)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Years ended December 31,
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy efficiency
$
 7 
 
$
 6 
 
$
 16 
 
Unbundled natural gas storage and hub services
 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 4 
 
Natural gas procurement
 
 5 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 6 
 
Operational incentives
 
 ― 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 3 
 
Total awards
$
 13 
 
$
 20 
 
$
 29 
 
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy efficiency
$
 4 
 
$
 3 
 
$
 14 
 
Operational incentives
 
 ― 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 1 
 
Total awards
$
 4 
 
$
 5 
 
$
 15 
 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy efficiency
$
 3 
 
$
 3 
 
$
 2 
 
Unbundled natural gas storage and hub services
 
 1 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 4 
 
Natural gas procurement
 
 5 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 6 
 
Operational incentives
 
 ― 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 2 
 
Total awards
$
 9 
 
$
 15 
 
$
 14 
 
(1)
Awards are included in earnings upon CPUC approval of the award.

 
Energy Efficiency
 
The CPUC established incentive mechanisms that are based on the effectiveness of energy efficiency programs. In December 2011, the CPUC awarded $13.7 million to SDG&E and $2.0 million to SoCalGas for their 2009 program year results. In December 2012, the CPUC issued a final decision adopting a mechanism for the 2010–2012 program cycle and approving shareholder awards of $3.3 million for SDG&E and $2.7 million for SoCalGas for their energy efficiency program performance in 2010 under the mechanism. The decision established an annual process for the utilities to obtain awards for their performance in 2011 and 2012.
 
In December 2013, the CPUC awarded $3.1 million to SoCalGas and $3.9 million to SDG&E for their 2011 program year results. Both SoCalGas and SDG&E plan to file incentive award claims for the 2012 program year in the third quarter of 2014. We currently expect the award amounts to approximate the amounts claimed for the 2011 program year, awarded in 2013.
 
In September 2013, the CPUC approved a new Efficiency Savings and Performance Incentive mechanism that would apply for the 2013–2014 program period. The mechanism will be applied on an annual basis and remain in effect for future program cycles unless modified by the CPUC. We currently expect the annual amounts of the energy efficiency awards for both SoCalGas and SDG&E under this new mechanism to approximate the amounts claimed for the 2011 program year, awarded in 2013.
 
Unbundled Natural Gas Storage and System Operator Hub Services
 
The CPUC has established a revenue sharing mechanism, effective through 2014, which provides for the sharing between ratepayers and SoCalGas (shareholders) of the net revenues generated by SoCalGas’ unbundled natural gas storage and system operator hub services. SoCalGas is seeking to extend the mechanism through 2015. Annual net revenues (revenues less allocated service costs) under the mechanism are shared on a graduated basis, as follows:
 
§  
the first $15 million of net revenue to be shared 90 percent ratepayers/10 percent shareholders;
 
§  
the next $15 million of net revenue to be shared 75 percent ratepayers/25 percent shareholders;
 
§  
all additional net revenues to be shared evenly between ratepayers and shareholders; and
 
§  
the maximum total annual shareholder-allocated portion of the net revenues cannot exceed $20 million.
 
Natural Gas Procurement
 
The California Utilities procure natural gas on behalf of their core natural gas customers. The CPUC has established incentive mechanisms to allow the California Utilities the opportunity to share in the savings and/or costs from buying natural gas for their core customers at prices below or above monthly market-based benchmarks. SoCalGas procures natural gas for SDG&E’s core natural gas customers’ requirements. SoCalGas’ gas cost incentive mechanism (GCIM) is applied on the combined portfolio basis.
 
In July 2013, the CPUC approved SoCalGas’ application requesting a GCIM award of $5.4 million for the 12-month period ending March 31, 2012, which SoCalGas recorded in the third quarter of 2013. In June 2013, SoCalGas applied to the CPUC for approval of a GCIM award of $5.8 million for natural gas procured for its core customers during the 12-month period ending March 31, 2013. SoCalGas expects a CPUC decision on this application in the first half of 2014.
 
In the first quarter of 2012, SoCalGas recorded its approved GCIM award of $6.2 million for natural gas procured for its core customers during the 12-month period ending March 31, 2011.
 
In September 2011, SoCalGas recorded its approved GCIM award of $6 million for natural gas procured for its core customers during the 12-month period ending March 31, 2010.
 
Operational Incentives
 
The CPUC may establish operational incentives and associated performance benchmarks as part of a general rate case or cost of service proceeding. Through the end of 2011, the California Utilities had operational incentives that applied to their performance in the area of employee safety. In the California Utilities’ 2012 GRC final decision described above, SDG&E was directed to establish a performance measure and incentive for electric reliability. In September 2013, SDG&E filed its proposed mechanism, which is currently pending action by the CPUC. If adopted, the electric reliability mechanism would apply to calendar years 2014 and 2015. The CPUC did not establish any operational incentives for SoCalGas in the 2012 GRC final decision.
 
 
SDG&E MATTERS
 
 
SONGS
 
We discuss regulatory and other matters related to SONGS in Note 13.
 
 
Power Procurement and Resource Planning
 
Background—Electric Industry Regulation
 
California’s legislative response to the 2000 – 2001 energy crisis resulted in the DWR purchasing a substantial portion of power for California’s electricity users. In 2001, the DWR entered into long-term contracts with suppliers, including Sempra Natural Gas, to provide power for the utility procurement customers of each of the California investor-owned utilities (IOUs), including SDG&E. The CPUC allocates the power and its administrative responsibility, including collection of power contract costs from utility customers, among the IOUs. The last of these power contracts expired in 2013, with one remaining transportation contract allocated to SDG&E that will expire in 2018.
 
Renewable Energy
 
SDG&E is subject to the Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) Program administered by both the CPUC and the California Energy Commission, which requires each California utility to procure 33 percent of its annual electric energy requirements from renewable energy sources by 2020, with an average of 20 percent required from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013; 25 percent by December 31, 2016; and 33 percent by December 31, 2020. The CPUC began a rulemaking proceeding in May 2011 to address the implementation of the 33% RPS Program.
 
The 33% RPS Program contains flexible compliance mechanisms that can be used to comply with or meet the 33% RPS Program mandates in 2011 and beyond. The mechanisms provide for a CPUC waiver under certain conditions, including: 1) a finding of inadequate transmission; 2) delays in the start-up of commercial operations of renewable energy projects due to permitting or interconnection; or 3) unexpected curtailment by an electric system balancing authority, such as the California ISO.
 
SDG&E continues to procure renewable energy supplies to achieve the 33% RPS Program requirements. A substantial number of these supply contracts, however, are contingent upon many factors, including:
 
§  
access to electric transmission infrastructure;
 
§  
timely regulatory approval of contracted renewable energy projects;
 
§  
the renewable energy project developers’ ability to obtain project financing and permitting; and
 
§  
successful development and implementation of the renewable energy technologies.
 
SDG&E believes it will be able to comply with the 33% RPS Program requirements based on its contracting activity and, if necessary, application of the flexible compliance mechanisms. SDG&E’s failure to comply with the RPS Program requirements could subject it to a CPUC-imposed penalty of 5 cents per kilowatt hour of renewable energy under-delivery, which could materially affect its business, cash flows, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects.
 
Subject to approval of its final report by the CPUC, SDG&E believes that it has met the requirements for the first compliance period, January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013, of procuring an average of 20 percent of its annual electric requirements from renewable energy sources and that it will comply with the 33% RPS Program requirements.
 
Cleveland National Forest Transmission Projects
 
SDG&E filed an application with the CPUC in October 2012 for a permit to construct various transmission replacement projects in and around the Cleveland National Forest (CNF). The proposed projects will replace and fire-harden five transmission lines at an estimated cost of between $400 million and $450 million. As directed by the CPUC, SDG&E filed an amended application in June 2013 to provide notice of certain alternatives proposed by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) in connection with SDG&E’s request for a Master Special Use Permit (MSUP). USFS approval of the MSUP will establish land rights and conditions for SDG&E’s continued operation and maintenance of facilities located within the CNF. CPUC approval is not required for the MSUP, even though construction of the projects is subject to review by both the USFS and CPUC. A joint environmental report will be developed by the CPUC and USFS. SDG&E currently expects a CPUC decision approving the transmission projects in the first half of 2015 and then expects the various phases of this project to be placed in service starting in 2016 and continuing through the end of the project in 2019.
 
South Orange County Reliability Enhancement
 
SDG&E filed an application with the CPUC in May 2012 for a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity to construct the South Orange County Reliability Enhancement project. The purpose of the project is to enhance the capacity and reliability of SDG&E’s electric service to the south Orange County area. The proposed project primarily includes replacing and upgrading approximately eight miles of transmission lines and rebuilding and upgrading a substation at an existing site. SDG&E expects a final CPUC decision approving the estimated $450 million to $500 million project in 2015. SDG&E obtained approval for the project from the ISO in May 2011. As the project is planned in phases, management currently expects the entire project to be in service in 2019.
 
South Bay Substation
 
SDG&E filed an application in 2010 with the CPUC for a permit to construct a new substation to replace the aging and obsolete South Bay substation and accommodate the retirement of the South Bay Power Plant. The existing substation will be demolished when the new substation has been constructed, energized and all transmission lines have been transferred. In October 2013, the CPUC approved SDG&E’s permit to construct the South Bay Substation Relocation Project at SDG&E’s proposed site, which will be located south of the existing site. The project, estimated at $145 million to $175 million, will replace the existing 138/69-kilovolt (kV) substation with the new 230/69/12-kV Bay Boulevard Substation. SDG&E is in the process of obtaining the additional permits required to begin construction, including the coastal development permit from the California Coastal Commission. SDG&E currently expects the project to be in service in 2017.
 
East County Substation
 
In June 2012, the CPUC approved SDG&E’s application for authorization to proceed with the East County Substation project, estimated to cost between $425 million and $450 million. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) issued its record of decision in August 2012. SDG&E began construction in the second quarter of 2013 and expects the substation to be placed in service in the second half of 2014.
 
 
FERC Formulaic Rate Matters
 
In February 2013, SDG&E submitted its Electric Transmission Formula Rate (TO4) filing with the FERC to set the rate making methodology and rate of return for SDG&E’s FERC-regulated electric transmission operations and assets for the period beginning September 1, 2013. The filing proposed a FERC ROE of 11.3 percent and requested: 1) rates to be determined by a base period of historical costs and a forecast of capital investments and 2) a true-up period similar to balancing account treatment that is designed to provide SDG&E earnings of no more and no less than its actual cost of service including its authorized return on investment. In June and July 2013, the FERC issued orders accepting the filing, subject to refund, and established settlement and hearing procedures, with rates being effective as of 2013.
 
On January 31, 2014, SDG&E filed an uncontested multi-party settlement at the FERC regarding the TO4 filing. The settlement, subject to the FERC’s approval, will be in effect through December 31, 2018, is subject to a one-time right of termination by any party, and establishes a 10.05 percent ROE. SDG&E also has the right to seek any ROE incentives that might apply under FERC rules. SDG&E’s debt to equity ratio will be set annually based on the actual ratio at the end of each year. SDG&E expects that the FERC will act on this settlement by the end of the third quarter of 2014.
 
 
Excess Wildfire Claims Cost Recovery at the CPUC
 
SDG&E and SoCalGas filed an application, along with other related filings, with the CPUC in August 2009 proposing a new framework and mechanism for the future recovery of all wildfire-related expenses for claims, litigation expenses and insurance premiums that are in excess of amounts authorized by the CPUC for recovery in distribution rates. In December 2012, the CPUC issued a final decision that ultimately did not approve the proposed framework for the utilities but allowed SDG&E to maintain its authorized memorandum account, so that SDG&E may file applications with the CPUC requesting recovery of amounts properly recorded in the memorandum account at a later time, subject to reasonableness review.
 
SDG&E intends to pursue recovery of such costs in a future application. SDG&E will continue to assess the potential for recovery of these costs in rates. Should SDG&E conclude that recovery in rates is no longer probable, SDG&E will record a charge against earnings at the time such conclusion is reached. If SDG&E had concluded that the recovery of regulatory assets related to CPUC-regulated operations was no longer probable or was less than currently estimated at December 31, 2013, the resulting after-tax charge against earnings would have been up to $186 million. In addition, in periods following any such conclusion, SDG&E’s earnings will be adversely impacted by increases in the estimated cost to litigate or settle pending wildfire claims. We discuss how we assess the probability of recovery of our regulatory assets in Note 1.
 
We provide additional information about 2007 wildfire litigation costs and their recovery in Note 15.
 
 
SOCALGAS MATTERS
 
 
Aliso Canyon Natural Gas Storage Compressor Replacement
 
In September 2009, SoCalGas filed an application with the CPUC requesting approval to replace certain obsolete natural gas turbine compressors used in the operations of SoCalGas’ Aliso Canyon natural gas storage reservoir with a new electric compressor station. In April 2012, the CPUC issued a draft environmental impact report (EIR) for the project concluding that no significant or unavoidable adverse environmental impacts have been identified from the construction or operation of the proposed project. In November 2013, the CPUC issued a final decision that adopts the EIR and approves the estimated $200 million project.
 
 
Advanced Metering Infrastructure
 
In November 2011, the DRA and The Utility Reform Network (TURN) filed a joint petition requesting that the CPUC reconsider its prior approval of SoCalGas’ advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) project and stay AMI deployment while the CPUC considers the request. The CPUC, which is not obligated to respond to such requests, has taken no action in response to the DRA/TURN petition, and SoCalGas is continuing its deployment of AMI pursuant to the April 2010 CPUC decision approving the project.
 

 
NOTE 15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 

 
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
We accrue losses for legal proceedings when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amounts of the loss can be reasonably estimated. However, the uncertainties inherent in legal proceedings make it difficult to estimate with reasonable certainty the costs and effects of resolving these matters. Accordingly, actual costs incurred may differ materially from amounts accrued, may exceed applicable insurance coverage and could materially adversely affect our business, cash flows, results of operations, financial condition and prospects. Unless otherwise indicated, we are unable to estimate reasonably possible losses in excess of any amounts accrued.
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy’s accrued liabilities for material legal proceedings, on a consolidated basis, were $154 million. At December 31, 2013, accrued liabilities for material legal proceedings for SDG&E and SoCalGas were $146 million and $0.1 million, respectively. At December 31, 2013, liabilities of $104 million at Sempra Energy and SDG&E were related to wildfire litigation discussed below.
 

 
SDG&E
 
 
2007 Wildfire Litigation
 
In October 2007, San Diego County experienced several catastrophic wildfires. Reports issued by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire) concluded that two of these fires (the Witch and Rice fires) were SDG&E “power line caused” and that a third fire (the Guejito fire) occurred when a wire securing a Cox Communications’ (Cox) fiber optic cable came into contact with an SDG&E power line “causing an arc and starting the fire.” Cal Fire reported that the Rice fire burned approximately 9,500 acres and damaged 206 homes and two commercial properties, and the Witch and Guejito fires merged and eventually burned approximately 198,000 acres, resulting in two fatalities, approximately 40 firefighters injured and an estimated 1,141 homes destroyed.
 
A September 2008 staff report issued by the CPUC’s CPSD reached substantially the same conclusions as the Cal Fire reports, but also contended that the power lines involved in the Witch and Rice fires and the lashing wire involved in the Guejito fire were not properly designed, constructed and maintained. In April 2010, proceedings initiated by the CPUC to determine if any of its rules were violated were settled with SDG&E’s payment of $14.75 million.
 
Numerous parties have sued SDG&E and Sempra Energy in San Diego County Superior Court seeking recovery of unspecified amounts of damages, including punitive damages, from the three fires. These include owners and insurers of properties that were destroyed or damaged in the fires and government entities seeking recovery of firefighting, emergency response, and environmental costs. They assert various bases for recovery, including inverse condemnation based upon a California Court of Appeal decision finding that another California investor-owned utility was subject to strict liability, without regard to foreseeability or negligence, for property damages resulting from a wildfire ignited by power lines.
 
In October 2010, the Court of Appeal affirmed the trial court’s ruling that these claims must be pursued in individual lawsuits, rather than as class actions on behalf of all persons who incurred wildfire damages. In February 2011, the California Supreme Court denied a petition for review of the affirmance. At the February 2014 status conference, the Court set a February 2015 trial date for a trial to be comprised of 5 cases involving plaintiffs who claim damages resulting from the Witch fires.
 
SDG&E filed cross-complaints against Cox seeking indemnification for any liability that SDG&E might incur in connection with the Guejito fire, two SDG&E contractors seeking indemnification in connection with the Witch fire, and one SDG&E contractor seeking indemnification in connection with the Rice fire. SDG&E settled its claims against Cox and the three contractors for a total of approximately $824 million. Among other things, the settlement agreements provide that SDG&E will defend and indemnify Cox and the three contractors against all compensatory damage claims and related costs arising out of the wildfires.
 
SDG&E has settled all of the approximately 19,000 claims brought by homeowner insurers for damage to insured property relating to the three fires. Under the settlement agreements, SDG&E has paid or will pay 57.5 percent of the approximately $1.6 billion paid or reserved for payment by the insurers to their policyholders and received an assignment of the insurers’ claims against other parties potentially responsible for the fires.
 
The wildfire litigation also includes claims of non-insurer plaintiffs for damage to uninsured and underinsured structures, business interruption, evacuation expenses, agricultural damage, emotional harm, personal injuries and other losses. SDG&E has settled the claims of approximately 6,100 of these plaintiffs, including all of the government entities. There are now approximately 40 cases left to be resolved and substantially all of those remaining individual and business plaintiffs have submitted settlement demands and damage estimates totaling approximately $380 million. SDG&E does not expect a significant number of additional plaintiffs to file lawsuits given the applicable statutes of limitation, but does expect to receive additional settlement demands and damage estimates from existing plaintiffs as settlement negotiations continue. SDG&E has established reserves for the wildfire litigation as we discuss below.
 
SDG&E’s settled claims and defense costs have exceeded its $1.1 billion of liability insurance coverage for the covered period and the $824 million recovered from third parties. It expects that its wildfire reserves and amounts paid to resolve wildfire claims will continue to increase as it obtains additional information.
 
As we discuss in Note 14, SDG&E has concluded that it is probable that it will be permitted to recover in rates a substantial portion of its reasonably incurred costs of resolving wildfire claims in excess of its liability insurance coverage and the amounts recovered from third parties. Accordingly, although such recovery will require future regulatory approval, at December 31, 2013, Sempra Energy and SDG&E have recorded assets of $330 million in Other Regulatory Assets on their Consolidated Balance Sheets, including $315 million related to CPUC-regulated operations, which represents the amount substantially equal to the aggregate amount it has paid or reserved for payment for the resolution of wildfire claims and related costs in excess of its liability insurance coverage and amounts recovered from third parties. SDG&E will increase the regulatory assets if the estimate of amounts to settle remaining claims increases.
 
SDG&E will continue to assess the probability of recovery of these excess wildfire costs in rates. Should SDG&E conclude that recovery in rates is no longer probable, SDG&E will record a charge against earnings at the time such conclusion is reached. If SDG&E had concluded that the recovery of regulatory assets related to CPUC-regulated operations was no longer probable or was less than currently estimated at December 31, 2013, the resulting after-tax charge against earnings would have been up to $186 million. In addition, in periods following any such conclusion, SDG&E’s earnings will be adversely impacted by increases in the estimated cost to litigate or settle pending wildfire claims. We provide additional information about excess wildfire claims cost recovery and related CPUC actions in Note 14 and discuss how we assess the probability of recovery of our regulatory assets in Note 1.
 
SDG&E’s cash flow may be materially adversely affected due to the timing differences between the resolution of claims and the recoveries in rates, which may extend over a number of years. Also, recovery from customers will require future regulatory actions, and a failure to obtain substantial or full recovery, or any negative assessment of the likelihood of recovery, would likely have a material adverse effect on Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s businesses, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations and prospects.
 
SDG&E will continue to gather information to evaluate and assess the remaining wildfire claims and the likelihood, amount and timing of related recoveries in rates and will make appropriate adjustments to wildfire reserves and the related regulatory assets as additional information becomes available.
 
Since 2010, as liabilities for wildfire litigation have become reasonably estimable in the form of settlement demands, damage estimates and other damage information, SDG&E has recorded related reserves as a liability. The impact of this liability at December 31, 2013 is offset by the recognition of regulatory assets, as discussed above, for reserves in excess of the insurance coverage and recoveries from third parties. The impact of the reserves on SDG&E’s and Sempra Energy’s after-tax earnings was an increase (decrease) of $0.3 million, $(6) million and $(13) million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. At December 31, 2013, wildfire litigation reserves were $104 million ($63 million in current and $41 million in long-term). Additionally, through December 31, 2013, SDG&E has expended $344 million (cumulative, excluding amounts covered by insurance and amounts recovered from third parties) to pay for the settlement of wildfire claims and related costs.
 
Sunrise Powerlink Electric Transmission Line
 
The Sunrise Powerlink is a 117-mile, 500-kV electric transmission line between the Imperial Valley and the San Diego region that was energized and placed in service in June 2012.  The Sunrise Powerlink project was approved by the CPUC in December 2008, the BLM in January 2009, and the USFS in July 2010. Numerous administrative appeals and legal challenges have been resolved in favor of the project. One legal challenge remains pending.
 
In February 2011, opponents of the Sunrise Powerlink filed a lawsuit in Sacramento County Superior Court against the State Water Resources Control Board and SDG&E alleging that the water quality certification issued by the Board under the Federal Clean Water Act violated the California Environmental Quality Act. The Superior Court denied the plaintiffs’ petition in July 2012, and the plaintiffs have appealed.
 
A claim for additional compensation has been submitted by one of SDG&E’s contractors on the Sunrise Powerlink project. The contractor was awarded the transmission line overhead and underground construction contract on a fixed-fee basis of $456 million after agreed-upon amendments. The contractor has asserted that it is owed additional compensation above the fixed-fee portion of the contract. In May 2013, the contractor filed claims totaling $180.3 million, including one in San Diego County for the sum of $99.2 million and the other in Imperial County for the sum of $81.1 million, seeking foreclosure of previously filed Mechanics Liens. In October 2013, the contractor served a Demand for Arbitration pursuant to contractual provisions. SDG&E has answered the demand and filed a counter claim against the contractor. The arbitration panel has set a March 2015 arbitration hearing date.
 
September 2011 Power Outage
 
In September 2011, a power outage lasting approximately 12 hours affected millions of people from Mexico to southern Orange County, California. Within several days of the outage, several SDG&E customers filed a class action lawsuit in Federal District Court in San Diego against Arizona Public Service Company, Pinnacle West Capital Corporation, and SDG&E alleging that the companies failed to prevent the outage. The lawsuit seeks recovery of unspecified amounts of damages, including punitive damages. In July 2012, the court granted SDG&E’s motion to dismiss the punitive damages request and dismissed Arizona Public Service Company and Pinnacle West Capital Corporation from the lawsuit. In September 2013, the court granted SDG&E’s motion for summary judgment and dismissed the lawsuit. In October 2013, the plaintiffs appealed the court’s dismissal of their action.
 
FERC and North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) Staff conducted a joint inquiry to determine the cause of the power failure and issued a report in May 2012 regarding their findings. Following that report, Staff from FERC’s Office of Enforcement (FERC Enforcement Staff) investigated potential violations of FERC’s Reliability Standards associated with the outage. In January 2014, FERC Enforcement Staff issued a Staff Notice of Alleged Violations, in which FERC Enforcement Staff alleged violations of various Reliability Standards by several entities. FERC Enforcement Staff did not allege or find any violations by SDG&E.
 
Smart Meters Patent Infringement Lawsuit
 
In October 2011, SDG&E was sued by a Texas design and manufacturing company in Federal District Court, Southern District of California, and later transferred to the Federal District Court, Western District of Oklahoma, alleging that SDG&E’s recently installed smart meters infringed certain patents. The meters were purchased from a third party vendor that has agreed to defend and indemnify SDG&E. The lawsuit seeks injunctive relief and recovery of unspecified amounts of damages.
 
Lawsuit Against Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
 
On July 18, 2013, SDG&E filed a lawsuit in the Superior Court of California in the County of San Diego against Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Mitsubishi Nuclear Energy Systems, Inc., and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America, Inc. (collectively MHI). The lawsuit seeks to recover damages SDG&E has incurred and will incur related to the design defects in the steam generators MHI provided to the SONGS nuclear power plant. The lawsuit asserts a number of causes of action, including fraud, based on the representations MHI made about its qualifications and ability to design generators free from defects of the kind that resulted in the permanent shutdown of the plant and further seeks to set aside the contractual limitation of damages that MHI has asserted. On July 24, 2013, MHI removed the lawsuit to the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, and on August 8, 2013, MHI moved to stay the proceeding pending resolution of the dispute resolution process involving MHI and Edison arising from their contract for the purchase and sale of the steam generators. On October 16, 2013, Edison initiated an arbitration proceeding against MHI seeking damages stemming from the failure of the replacement steam generators. In late December 2013, MHI answered and filed a counter-claim against Edison. 
 
Investment in Wind Farm
 
In 2011, the CPUC and FERC approved SDG&E’s estimated $285 million tax equity investment in a wind farm project. SDG&E’s contractual obligations to invest in the Rim Rock wind farm and to purchase renewable energy credits from the wind farm under the power purchase agreement are both subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions which, if not achieved, would allow SDG&E to terminate the power purchase agreement and to not make the investment. In December 2013, SDG&E received a closing notice from the project developer indicating that all such conditions had been met. SDG&E responded to the closing notice asserting that the contractual conditions had not been satisfied. On December 19, 2013, SDG&E filed a complaint against the project developer in San Diego Superior Court. The project developer filed a separate complaint against SDG&E in Montana state court.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
SoCalGas, along with Monsanto Co., Solutia, Inc., Pharmacia Corp., and Pfizer, Inc., are defendants in seven Los Angeles County Superior Court lawsuits filed beginning in April 2011 seeking recovery of unspecified amounts of damages, including punitive damages, as a result of plaintiffs’ exposure to PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls). The lawsuits allege plaintiffs were exposed to PCBs not only through the food chain and other various sources but from PCB-contaminated natural gas pipelines owned and operated by SoCalGas. This contamination allegedly caused plaintiffs to develop cancer and other serious illnesses. Plaintiffs assert various bases for recovery, including negligence and products liability. SoCalGas has settled three of the seven lawsuits for an amount that is not significant and has been recorded.
 
 
Sempra Mexico
 
Permit Challenges and Property Disputes
 
Sempra Mexico has been engaged in a long-running land dispute relating to property adjacent to its Energía Costa Azul LNG terminal near Ensenada, Mexico. The adjacent property is not required by any of the environmental or other regulatory permits issued for the operation of the terminal. A claimant to the adjacent property has nonetheless asserted that his health and safety are endangered by the operation of the facility, and filed an action in the Federal Court challenging the permits. In February 2011, based on a complaint by the claimant, the then new Ensenada Mayor attempted to temporarily close the terminal based on claims of irregularities in municipal permits issued six years earlier. This attempt was promptly countermanded by Mexican federal and Baja California state authorities. No terminal permits or operations were affected as a result of these proceedings or events and the terminal has continued to operate normally. Sempra Mexico expects additional Mexican court proceedings and governmental actions regarding the claimant’s assertions as to whether the terminal’s permits should be modified or revoked in any manner.
 
The claimant filed complaints in the federal Agrarian Court challenging the refusal of the Secretaría Reforma Agraria (now the Secretaría de Desarrollo Agrario, Territorial y Urbano, or SEDATU) in 2006 to issue a title to him for the disputed property. In November 2013, the Agrarian Court ordered that SEDATU issue the requested title and cause it to be registered. Both SEDATU and Sempra Mexico have challenged the rulings. Sempra Mexico expects additional proceedings regarding the claims, although such proceedings are not related to the permit challenges referenced above. The property claimant also filed a lawsuit in July 2010 against Sempra Energy in Federal District Court in San Diego seeking compensatory and punitive damages as well as the earnings from the Energía Costa Azul LNG terminal based on his allegations that he was wrongfully evicted from the adjacent property and that he has been harmed by other allegedly improper actions.
 
Additionally, several administrative challenges are pending in Mexico before the Mexican environmental protection agency (SEMARNAT) and/or the Federal Tax and Administrative Courts seeking revocation of the environmental impact authorization (EIA) issued to Energía Costa Azul in 2003. These cases generally allege that the conditions and mitigation measures in the EIA are inadequate and challenge findings that the activities of the terminal are consistent with regional development guidelines. The Mexican Supreme Court decided to exercise jurisdiction over one such case, and on February 7, 2014, announced that it would decline to grant the relief sought by the plaintiff. Sempra Mexico expects the Court to issue a written resolution in the first quarter of 2014 providing further details regarding its ruling. A similar administrative challenge seeking to revoke the port concession for our marine operations at our Energía Costa Azul LNG terminal, which was filed with and rejected by the Mexican Communications and Transportation Ministry, remains on appeal in Mexican federal court as well.
 
There are two real property cases pending against Energía Costa Azul in which the plaintiffs seek to annul the recorded property titles for parcels on which the Energía Costa Azul LNG terminal is situated and to obtain possession of different parcels that allegedly sit in the same place; one of these cases was dismissed in September 2013 at the direction of the state appellate court. A third complaint was served in April 2013 seeking to invalidate the contract by which Energía Costa Azul, S. de R.L. de C.V. purchased another of the terminal parcels, on the grounds the purchase price was unfair. Sempra Mexico expects further proceedings on each of these matters, except for the real property case that was dismissed.
 
Property Title Dispute (Dismissed)
 
In July 2012, a Mexicali state court issued a ruling declaring the purchase contract by which Termoeléctrica de Mexicali acquired the property on which the facility is located to be invalid, on the grounds that the proceeding in which the seller acquired title was invalid. In June 2013, an appellate court overturned the lower court ruling, and the case was subsequently dismissed.
 
Competitor Claims (Dismissed)
 
In October 2012, a competitor for one of the two contracts awarded by the Mexican Federal Electricity Commission (Comisión Federal de Electricidad, or CFE) for the construction and operation of a natural gas pipeline in Sonora filed an amparo in the Mexican federal district court in Mexico City, challenging the tender process and the award to us. The competitor, a subsidiary of Fermaca, Sásabe Pipeline, S. de R.L. de C.V., filed suit against 11 different governmental authorities, including the CFE, the President of Mexico, and the Mexican Energy Ministry. Sásabe Pipeline, which was the second-place bidder, alleges CFE discriminated against it in the bidding process, including by failing to accept its comments on the bid guidelines. In February 2013, we were notified that Guaymas Pipeline S. de R. L. de C.V., another subsidiary of Fermaca, filed another, similar amparo challenging the process by which the second of the two contracts was awarded, although it did not submit a bid for the project. Both cases were dismissed in April 2013.
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
Liberty Gas Storage, LLC (Liberty) received a demand for arbitration from Williams Midstream Natural Gas Liquids, Inc. (Williams) in February 2011 related to a sublease agreement. Williams alleges that Liberty was negligent in its attempt to convert certain salt caverns to natural gas storage and seeks damages of $56.7 million. Liberty filed a counterclaim alleging breach of contract in the inducement and seeks damages of more than $215 million.
 
 
Other Litigation
 
As described in Note 4, we hold a noncontrolling interest in RBS Sempra Commodities, a limited liability partnership in the process of being liquidated. In March 2012, RBS received a letter from the United Kingdom’s Revenue and Customs Department (HMRC) regarding a value-added-tax (VAT) matter related to RBS Sempra Energy Europe (RBS SEE), a former indirect subsidiary of RBS Sempra Commodities that was sold to JP Morgan. The letter states that HMRC is conducting a number of investigations into VAT tax refund claims made by various businesses related to the purchase and sale of carbon credit allowances. The letter also states that HMRC believes it has grounds to deny RBS the ability to reduce its VAT liability by VAT paid during 2009 because it knew or should have known that certain vendors in the trading chain did not remit their own VAT to HMRC. In September 2012, HMRC issued an assessment of £86 million for the VAT paid in connection with these transactions and identified several options for responding, including requesting a review by HMRC and appealing to an independent tribunal. HMRC indicated that the assessment was issued on a protective basis as discussion about the issues is continuing.
 
In August 2007, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit issued a decision reversing and remanding certain FERC orders declining to provide refunds regarding short-term bilateral sales up to one month in the Pacific Northwest for the January 2000 to June 2001 time period. In December 2010, the FERC approved a comprehensive settlement previously reached by Sempra Energy and RBS Sempra Commodities with the State of California. The settlement resolves all issues with regard to sales between the California Department of Water Resources and Sempra Commodities in the Pacific Northwest, but potential claims may exist regarding sales in the Pacific Northwest between Sempra Commodities and other parties. The FERC is in the process of addressing these potential claims on remand. Pursuant to the agreements related to the formation of RBS Sempra Commodities, we have indemnified RBS should the liability from the final resolution of these matters be greater than the reserves related to Sempra Commodities. Pursuant to our agreement with the Noble Group Ltd., one of the buyers of RBS Sempra Commodities’ businesses, we have also indemnified Noble Americas Gas & Power Corp. and its affiliates for all losses incurred by such parties resulting from these proceedings as related to Sempra Commodities.
 
We are also defendants in ordinary routine litigation incidental to our businesses, including personal injury, product liability, property damage and other claims. California juries have demonstrated an increasing willingness to grant large awards, including punitive damages, in these types of cases.
 
 
CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENTS
 
 
Natural Gas Contracts
 
 
Natural Gas
 
SoCalGas has the responsibility for procuring natural gas for both SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ core customers in a combined portfolio. SoCalGas buys natural gas under short-term and long-term contracts for this portfolio. Purchases are from various producing regions in the southwestern U.S., U.S. Rockies, and Canada and are primarily based on published monthly bid-week indices.
 
SoCalGas transports natural gas primarily under long-term firm interstate pipeline capacity agreements that provide for annual reservation charges, which are recovered in rates. SoCalGas has commitments with interstate pipeline companies for firm pipeline capacity under contracts that expire at various dates through 2028.
 
Sempra Natural Gas’ and Sempra Mexico’s businesses have various natural gas purchase agreements to fuel natural gas-fired power plants and capacity agreements for natural gas storage and transportation.
 
Sempra Rockies Marketing, a subsidiary of Sempra Natural Gas, has an agreement for capacity on the Rockies Express Pipeline through November 2019, as we discuss in Note 4. Historically, the capacity costs have been more than offset by revenues from releases of the capacity. However, certain capacity release commitments concluded during 2013 and new contracting activity related to that capacity may not be sufficient to offset all of our capacity commitments. Including capacity released to others, Sempra Rockies Marketing’s obligation to Rockies Express Pipeline LLC for future capacity payments are expected to be $14 million each year in 2014 through 2017, $33 million in 2018 and $50 million in 2019.
 
At December 31, 2013, the future minimum payments under existing natural gas contracts and natural gas storage and transportation contracts were:
 

Sempra Energy Consolidated
 
 
Storage and 
 
 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Transportation 
Natural Gas(1)
Total(1)
2014 
$ 
 242 
$ 
 162 
$ 
 404 
2015 
 
 239 
 
 4 
 
 243 
2016 
 
 226 
 
 4 
 
 230 
2017 
 
 220 
 
 4 
 
 224 
2018 
 
 202 
 
 4 
 
 206 
Thereafter
 
 361 
 
 16 
 
 377 
Total minimum payments
$ 
 1,490 
$ 
 194 
$ 
 1,684 
(1)
Excludes amounts related to LNG purchase agreements as discussed below.


SoCalGas
(Dollars in millions)
Transportation 
Natural Gas
Total
2014 
$ 
 126 
$ 
 57 
$ 
 183 
2015 
 
 120 
 
 1 
 
 121 
2016 
 
 111 
 
 1 
 
 112 
2017 
 
 107 
 
 1 
 
 108 
2018 
 
 89 
 
 1 
 
 90 
Thereafter
 
 157 
 
 ― 
 
 157 
Total minimum payments
$ 
 710 
$ 
 61 
$ 
 771 

Total payments under natural gas contracts and natural gas storage and transportation contracts as well as payments to meet additional portfolio needs at SoCalGas were:
 

 
Years ended December 31, 
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$ 
 1,680 
$ 
 1,345 
$ 
 1,991 
SoCalGas
 
 1,464 
 
 1,222 
 
 1,810 

 
LNG
 
Sempra Natural Gas has various purchase agreements with major international companies for the supply of LNG to the Energía Costa Azul and Cameron terminals. The agreements range from short-term to multi-year periods and are priced using a predetermined formula based on natural gas market indices.
 
Although these contracts specify a number of cargoes to be delivered, under their terms, customers may divert certain cargoes, which would reduce amounts paid under the contracts by Sempra Natural Gas. As of December 31, 2013, if all cargoes under the contracts were to be delivered, future payments under these contracts would be
 
§  
$670 million in 2014
 
§  
$662 million in 2015
 
§  
$654 million in 2016
 
§  
$658 million in 2017
 
§  
$678 million in 2018
 
§  
$8.3 billion in 2019 – 2029
 
The amounts above are based on forward prices of the index applicable to each contract from 2014 to 2023 and an estimated one percent escalation per year beyond 2023. The LNG commitment amounts above are based on Sempra Natural Gas’ commitment to accept the maximum possible delivery of cargoes under the agreements. Actual LNG purchases in 2013, 2012 and 2011 have been significantly lower than the maximum amount possible due to customers electing to divert most cargoes as allowed by the agreements.
 
 
Purchased-Power Contracts
 
For 2014, SDG&E expects to meet its customer power requirements from the following resource types:
 
§  
Long-term contracts: 31 percent (of which 25.4 percent is provided by renewable energy contracts expiring on various dates through 2039)
 
§  
SDG&E-owned generation (including Palomar Energy Center, Miramar Energy Center, Desert Star Energy Center and Cuyamaca Peak Energy Plant) and tolling contracts (including OMEC): 55 percent
 
§  
Spot market purchases: 14 percent
 
Chilquinta Energía and Luz del Sur also have purchased-power contracts, expiring on various dates extending through 2027, which cover most of the consumption needs of the companies’ customers. These commitments are included under Sempra Energy Consolidated in the table below.
 
At December 31, 2013, the estimated future minimum payments under long-term purchased-power contracts were:
 

 
 
Sempra
 
 
 
 
Energy
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Consolidated
SDG&E 
2014 
$ 
 1,328 
$ 
 471 
2015 
 
 1,473 
 
 543 
2016 
 
 1,487 
 
 524 
2017 
 
 1,494 
 
 517 
2018 
 
 1,483 
 
 488 
Thereafter
 
 11,826 
 
 6,349 
Total minimum payments(1)
$ 
 19,091 
$ 
 8,892 
(1)
Excludes purchase agreements accounted for as capital leases and amounts related to Otay Mesa VIE, as it is consolidated by Sempra Energy and SDG&E.

Payments on these contracts represent capacity charges and minimum energy purchases. SDG&E is required to pay additional amounts for actual purchases of energy that exceed the minimum energy commitments. Excluding DWR-allocated contracts, total payments under purchased-power contracts were:
 

 
Years ended December 31,
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$
1,377 
$
1,205 
$
918 
SDG&E
 
570 
 
381 
 
346 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Leases
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated, SDG&E and SoCalGas have operating leases on real and personal property expiring at various dates from 2014 through 2054. Certain leases on office facilities contain escalation clauses requiring annual increases in rent ranging from two percent to six percent at Sempra Energy Consolidated, four percent to six percent at SDG&E, and two percent to five percent at SoCalGas. The rentals payable under these leases may increase by a fixed amount each year or by a percentage of a base year, and most leases contain extension options that we could exercise.
 
The California Utilities have an operating lease agreement for future acquisitions of fleet vehicles with RBS Asset Finance, Inc. with an aggregate maximum lease limit of $125 million, $113 million of which has been utilized as of December 31, 2013.
 
Rent expense for all operating leases totaled:
 

 
Years ended December 31, 
(Dollars in millions)
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated
$
 81 
$
 74 
$
 77 
SDG&E
 
 23 
 
 20 
 
 18 
SoCalGas
 
 31 
 
 26 
 
 35 


At December 31, 2013, the minimum rental commitments payable in future years under all noncancelable operating leases were as follows:
 

 
Sempra 
 
 
 
Energy 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Consolidated 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas
2014 
$ 
 85 
$ 
 23 
$ 
 32 
2015 
 
 83 
 
 22 
 
 32 
2016 
 
 71 
 
 22 
 
 25 
2017 
 
 74 
 
 20 
 
 30 
2018 
 
 69 
 
 17 
 
 28 
Thereafter
 
 576 
 
 91 
 
 174 
Total future rental commitments
$ 
 958 
$ 
 195 
$ 
 321 
 
 
Capital Leases
 
Utility Fleet Vehicles
 
The California Utilities entered into agreements with U.S. Bancorp Equipment Finance in 2009 and with RBS Asset Finance, Inc. in 2010 to refinance existing fleet vehicles. These are capital leases, and as of December 31, 2013, the related capital lease obligations were $5 million at Sempra Energy Consolidated, including $3 million at SDG&E and $2 million at SoCalGas. As of December 31, 2012, the related capital lease obligations were $11 million at Sempra Energy Consolidated, including $7 million at SDG&E and $4 million at SoCalGas.
 
At December 31, 2013, the future minimum lease payments and present value of the net minimum lease payments under these capital leases are as follows:

 
Sempra 
 
 
 
Energy 
 
 
(Dollars in millions)
Consolidated 
SDG&E 
SoCalGas
2014 
$ 
 4 
$ 
 2 
$ 
 2 
2015 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ― 
Total minimum lease payments
$
 5 
$
 3 
$
 2 
Present value of net minimum lease payments(1)
$
 5 
$
 3 
$
 2 
(1)
Excludes negligible amounts of interest.
 
 
 
 
 
 

The 2013 annual amortization charge for the utility fleet vehicles was $7 million at Sempra Energy Consolidated, including $4 million at SDG&E and $3 million at SoCalGas. The 2012 annual amortization charge for the utility fleet vehicles was $13 million at Sempra Energy Consolidated, including $7 million at SDG&E and $6 million at SoCalGas. The 2011 annual amortization charge for the utility fleet vehicles was $15 million at Sempra Energy Consolidated, including $7 million at SDG&E and $8 million at SoCalGas.
 
 
Headquarters Build-to-Suit Lease
 
In August 2013, Sempra Energy entered into a 25-year, build-to-suit lease for its future San Diego, California, headquarters. We expect to occupy the building in the second half of 2015. At December 31, 2013, future payments on the lease are as follows:
 

(Dollars in millions)
 
2014 
$ 
 ― 
2015 
 
 4 
2016 
 
 10 
2017 
 
 10 
2018 
 
 10 
Thereafter
 
 277 
Total future payments
$ 
 311 

 
Power Purchase Agreements
 
SDG&E has two power purchase agreements with peaker plant facilities that went into commercial operation in June 2010 and are accounted for as capital leases. The entities that own the peaker plant facilities are VIEs of which SDG&E is not the primary beneficiary. As of December 31, 2013, capital lease obligations for these leases, each with a 25-year term, were valued at $176 million. SDG&E does not have any additional implicit or explicit financial responsibility related to these VIEs.
 
At December 31, 2013, the future minimum lease payments and present value of the net minimum lease payments under these capital leases for both Sempra Energy Consolidated and SDG&E were as follows:
 

(Dollars in millions)
 
 
2014 
$ 
 24 
 
2015 
 
 24 
 
2016 
 
 24 
 
2017 
 
 24 
 
2018 
 
 24 
 
Thereafter
 
 394 
 
Total minimum lease payments(1)
 
 514 
 
Less: estimated executory costs
 
 (84)
 
Less: interest(2)
 
 (254)
 
Present value of net minimum lease payments(3)
$
 176 
(1)
This amount will be recorded over the lives of the leases as Cost of Electric Fuel and Purchased Power on Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. This expense will receive ratemaking treatment consistent with purchased-power costs.
(2)
Amount necessary to reduce net minimum lease payments to present value at the inception of the leases.
(3)
Includes $3 million in Current Portion of Long-Term Debt and $173 million in Long-Term Debt on Sempra Energy’s and SDG&E’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2013.

The annual amortization charge for the power purchase agreements was $2 million in 2013, 2012, and 2011.
 
 
Construction and Development Projects
 
Sempra Energy Consolidated has various capital projects in progress in the United States, Mexico and South America. Sempra Energy’s total commitments under these projects are $2 billion, requiring future payments of $1.3 billion in 2014, $393 million in 2015, $116 million in 2016, $112 million in 2017, $24 million in 2018 and $47 million thereafter. The following is a summary by segment of contractual commitments and contingencies related to the construction projects.
 
 
SDG&E
 
At December 31, 2013, SDG&E has commitments to make future payments of $332 million for construction projects that include
 
§  
$87 million for the engineering, material procurement and construction costs associated with the East County Substation project;
 
§  
$132 million related to nuclear fuel fabrication and other construction projects at SONGS; and
 
§  
$113 million for infrastructure improvements for natural gas and electric transmission and distribution operations.
 
SDG&E expects future payments under these contractual commitments to be $177 million in 2014, $32 million in 2015, $28 million in 2016, $27 million in 2017, $23 million in 2018 and $45 million thereafter.
 
 
SoCalGas
 
At December 31, 2013, SoCalGas has commitments to make future payments of $442 million for construction and infrastructure improvements for natural gas transmission and distribution operations and pipeline integrity. The future payments under these contractual commitments are expected to be $190 million in 2014 and $84 million each year in 2015 through 2017.
 
 
Sempra South American Utilities
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra South American Utilities has commitments to make future payments of $27 million for construction projects that include $15 million for the construction of the Santa Teresa hydroelectric power plant at Luz del Sur. The future payments under these contractual commitments are all expected to be in 2014.
 
 
Sempra Mexico
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Mexico has commitments to make future payments of $631 million for contracts related to the construction of an approximately 500-mile natural gas transport pipeline network and the Energía Sierra Juárez wind project. The future payments under these contractual commitments are expected to be $391 million in 2014, $236 million in 2015, $3 million in 2016, negligible amounts in 2017 and 2018 and $1 million thereafter.
 
 
Sempra Renewables
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Renewables has commitments to make future payments of $569 million for the construction of the Copper Mountain Solar 3 and Broken Bow 2 facilities. The future payments under these contractual commitments are expected to be $524 million in 2014, $41 million in 2015, $1 million each year in 2016 through 2018 and $1 million thereafter.
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Natural Gas has commitments to make future payments of $8 million primarily for natural gas storage projects. The future payments under these contractual commitments are all expected to be in 2014.
 
 
GUARANTEES
 
At December 31, 2013, Sempra Renewables has provided guarantees to its solar and wind farm joint ventures aggregating a maximum of $165 million with an associated aggregated carrying value of $2 million, primarily related to purchased-power agreements and engineering, procurement and construction contracts. In addition, Sempra Renewables has provided guarantees aggregating a maximum of $328 million with an associated aggregated carrying value of $17 million at December 31, 2013 to certain wind farm joint ventures for debt service and operation of the wind farms, which we discuss in Note 5.
 
As of December 31, 2013, SDG&E and SoCalGas did not have any outstanding guarantees.
 
 
OTHER COMMITMENTS
 
 
SDG&E
 
In connection with the completion of the Sunrise Powerlink project, the CPUC required that SDG&E establish a fire mitigation fund to minimize the risk of fire as well as reduce the potential wildfire impact on residences and structures near the Sunrise Powerlink. The future payments for these contractual commitments are expected to be approximately $3 million per year, subject to escalation of 2 percent per year, for 58 years. At December 31, 2013, the present value of these future payments of $115 million has been recorded as a regulatory asset as the amounts represent a cost that will be recovered from customers in the future, and the related liability was $115 million.
 
In July 2012, SDG&E received $85 million from Citizens Sunrise Transmission, LLC (Citizens), a subsidiary of Citizens Energy Corporation. For this payment, under the terms of the agreement with Citizens, SDG&E will provide Citizens with access to a segment of the Sunrise Powerlink transmission line known as the Border-East transmission line equal to 50 percent of the transfer capacity of this portion of the line for a period of 30 years. After the 30-year contract term, the transfer capability will revert to SDG&E. SDG&E will amortize deferred revenues from the use of the transfer capability over the 30-year term, and depreciation for 50 percent of the Border-East transmission line segment will be accelerated from an estimated 58-year life to 30 years.
 
We discuss reserves at Sempra Energy and SDG&E for wildfire litigation above in “Legal Proceedings – SDG&E – 2007 Wildfire Litigation.”
 
 
Sempra Natural Gas
 
In February 2013, Sempra Natural Gas entered into a long-term operations and maintenance agreement for its remaining block of the Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant, which expires in 2033. The total cost associated with this agreement is estimated to be approximately $35 million. The future payments for this contractual commitment are expected to be $2 million each year in 2014 through 2018 and $25 million thereafter. We provide additional information about Mesquite Power in Notes 3 and 18.
 
Additional consideration for a 2006 comprehensive legal settlement with the State of California to resolve the Continental Forge litigation included an agreement that, for a period of 18 years beginning in 2011, Sempra Natural Gas would sell to the California Utilities, subject to annual CPUC approval, up to 500 million cubic feet (MMcf) per day of regasified LNG from Sempra Mexico’s Energía Costa Azul facility that is not delivered or sold in Mexico at the California border index minus $0.02 per MMBtu. There are no specified minimums required, and to date, we have not been required to deliver any natural gas pursuant to this agreement.
 
 
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
 
Our operations are subject to federal, state and local environmental laws. We also are subject to regulations related to hazardous wastes, air and water quality, land use, solid waste disposal and the protection of wildlife. These laws and regulations require that we investigate and correct the effects of the release or disposal of materials at sites associated with our past and our present operations. These sites include those at which we have been identified as a Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) under the federal Superfund laws and similar state laws.
 
In addition, we are required to obtain numerous governmental permits, licenses and other approvals to construct facilities and operate our businesses. The related costs of environmental monitoring, pollution control equipment, cleanup costs, and emissions fees are significant. Increasing national and international concerns regarding global warming and mercury, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide emissions could result in requirements for additional pollution control equipment or significant emissions fees or taxes that could adversely affect Sempra Natural Gas and Sempra Mexico. The California Utilities’ costs to operate their facilities in compliance with these laws and regulations generally have been recovered in customer rates.
 
We generally capitalize the significant costs we incur to mitigate or prevent future environmental contamination or extend the life, increase the capacity, or improve the safety or efficiency of property used in current operations. The following table shows (in millions) our capital expenditures (including construction work in progress) in order to comply with environmental laws and regulations:
 

 
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
Sempra Energy Consolidated(1)
$
 31 
$
 92 
$
 144 
SDG&E
 
 13 
 
 77 
 
 130 
SoCalGas
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 13 
(1)
In cases of non-wholly owned affiliates, includes only our share.

Fluctuations at SDG&E and Sempra Energy Consolidated from 2011 to 2012 and 2012 to 2013 were primarily due to mitigation activities on the Sunrise Powerlink project, which was placed into service in June 2012. We have not identified any significant environmental issues outside the United States.
 
At the California Utilities, costs that relate to current operations or an existing condition caused by past operations are generally recorded as a regulatory asset due to the probability that these costs will be recovered in rates.
 
The environmental issues currently facing us or resolved during the last three years include (1) investigation and remediation of the California Utilities’ manufactured-gas sites, (2) cleanup of third-party waste-disposal sites used by the California Utilities at sites for which we have been identified as a PRP and (3) mitigation of damage to the marine environment caused by the cooling-water discharge from SONGS. The requirements for enhanced fish protection and restoration of 150 acres of coastal wetlands for the SONGS mitigation are in process and include a 150-acre artificial reef that was dedicated in 2008 and continues in process to meet California Coastal Commission acceptance requirements. The table below shows the status at December 31, 2013, of the California Utilities’ manufactured-gas sites and the third-party waste-disposal sites for which we have been identified as a PRP:
 


 
 
# Sites 
# Sites 
 
 
Completed(1)
In Process
SDG&E
 
 
 
 
Manufactured-gas sites
 
 3 
 
 ― 
Third-party waste-disposal sites
 
 2 
 
 3 
SoCalGas
 
 
 
 
Manufactured-gas sites
 
 39 
 
 3 
Third-party waste-disposal sites
 
 5 
 
 1 
(1)
There may be on-going compliance obligations for completed sites, such as regular inspections, adherence to land use covenants and water quality monitoring.

We record environmental liabilities at undiscounted amounts when our liability is probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. In many cases, however, investigations are not yet at a stage where we can determine whether we are liable or, if the liability is probable, to reasonably estimate the amount or range of amounts of the costs. Estimates of our liability are further subject to uncertainties such as the nature and extent of site contamination, evolving cleanup standards and imprecise engineering evaluations. We review our accruals periodically and, as investigations and cleanup proceed, we make adjustments as necessary. The following table shows (in millions) our accrued liabilities for environmental matters at December 31, 2013:
 

 
 
 
Waste 
Former Fossil- 
Other 
 
 
 
Manufactured- 
Disposal 
Fueled Power 
Hazardous 
 
 
 
Gas Sites
Sites (PRP)(1)
Plants
Waste Sites
Total
SDG&E(2)(3)
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 ― 
$ 
 5.2 
$ 
 0.4 
$ 
 5.6 
SoCalGas(3)
 
 14.7 
 
 0.2 
 
 ― 
 
 0.2 
 
 15.1 
Other
 
 2.2 
 
 1.2 
 
 ― 
 
 0.8 
 
 4.2 
    Total Sempra Energy
$ 
 16.9 
$ 
 1.4 
$ 
 5.2 
$ 
 1.4 
$ 
 24.9 
(1)
Sites for which we have been identified as a Potentially Responsible Party.
(2)
Does not include SDG&E’s liability for SONGS marine mitigation.
(3)
This includes $5.5 million at SDG&E and $15.1 million at SoCalGas related to hazardous waste sites subject to the Hazardous Waste Collaborative mechanism approved by the CPUC in 1994. This mechanism permits California’s IOUs, including the California Utilities, to recover in rates 90 percent of hazardous waste cleanup costs and related third-party litigation costs, and 70 percent of the related insurance-litigation expenses for certain sites. In addition, the California Utilities have the opportunity to retain a percentage of any recoveries from insurance carriers and other third parties to offset the cleanup and associated litigation costs not recovered in rates.
 
 
We expect to pay the majority of these accruals over the next three years. In connection with the issuance of operating permits, SDG&E and the other owners of SONGS previously reached an agreement with the California Coastal Commission to mitigate the damage to the marine environment caused by the cooling-water discharge from SONGS during its operation. SONGS’ early retirement, described in Note 13, does not reduce SDG&E’s mitigation obligation. At December 31, 2013, SDG&E’s share of the estimated mitigation costs remaining to be spent through 2050 is $14 million, which is recoverable in rates.
 
We discuss renewable energy requirements in Note 14 and greenhouse gas regulation in Note 1.
 
 
NUCLEAR INSURANCE
 
SDG&E and the other owners of SONGS have insurance to cover claims from nuclear liability incidents arising at SONGS. This insurance provides $375 million in coverage limits, the maximum amount available, including coverage for acts of terrorism. In addition, the Price-Anderson Act provides for up to $13.2 billion of secondary financial protection (SFP). If a nuclear liability loss occurring at any U.S. licensed/commercial reactor exceeds the $375 million insurance limit, all nuclear reactor owners could be required to contribute to the SFP. SDG&E’s contribution would be up to $50.93 million. This amount is subject to an annual maximum of $7.6 million, unless a default occurs by any other SONGS owner. If the SFP is insufficient to cover the liability loss, SDG&E could be subject to an additional assessment.
 
The SONGS owners, including SDG&E, also have $2.75 billion of nuclear property, decontamination, and debris removal insurance, subject to a $2.5 million deductible for “each and every loss.” This insurance coverage is provided through Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited (NEIL), a mutual insurance company. The NEIL policies have specific exclusions and limitations that can result in reduced or eliminated coverage. Insured members as a group are subject to retrospective premium assessments to cover losses sustained by NEIL under all issued policies. SDG&E could be assessed up to $9.7 million of retrospective premiums based on overall member claims. Edison, on behalf of itself and the minority owners of SONGS (including SDG&E), has placed NEIL on notice of claims under both the property damage and outage insurance policies as a result of SONGS’ Units 2 and 3 being shut down since early 2012.
 
The nuclear property insurance program includes an industry aggregate loss limit for non-certified acts of terrorism (as defined by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act). The industry aggregate loss limit for property claims arising from non-certified acts of terrorism is $3.24 billion. This is the maximum amount that will be paid to insured members who suffer losses or damages from these non-certified terrorist acts.
 
We provide additional information about SONGS in Note 13.
 
 
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY NUCLEAR FUEL DISPOSAL
 
The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 made the DOE responsible for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel. However, it is uncertain when the DOE will begin accepting spent nuclear fuel from SONGS. This delay will lead to increased costs for spent fuel storage. This cost will be recovered through SONGS revenue unless SDG&E is able to recover the increased cost from the federal government.
 
In June 2010, the United States Court of Federal Claims issued a decision granting Edison and the SONGS co-owners damages of approximately $142 million to recover costs incurred through December 31, 2005 for the DOE’s failure to meet its obligation to begin accepting spent nuclear fuel from SONGS. Edison received payment from the federal government in the amount of the damage award in November 2011. In January 2012, Edison refunded SDG&E $28 million for its respective share of the damage award paid. SDG&E recorded a $10 million reduction of nuclear power expenses, a $15 million reduction of its nuclear decommissioning balancing account and a $3 million reduction in nuclear plant. Edison, as operating agent, filed a lawsuit against the DOE in the Court of Federal Claims in December 2011 seeking damages for the period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010 for the DOE’s failure to meet its obligation to begin accepting spent nuclear fuel. Additional legal action would be necessary to recover damages incurred after December 31, 2010.
 
 
CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
 
We maintain credit policies and systems to manage our overall credit risk. These policies include an evaluation of potential counterparties’ financial condition and an assignment of credit limits. These credit limits are established based on risk and return considerations under terms customarily available in the industry. We grant credit to utility customers and counterparties, substantially all of whom are located in our service territory, which covers most of Southern California and a portion of central California for SoCalGas, and all of San Diego County and an adjacent portion of Orange County for SDG&E. We also grant credit to utility customers and counterparties of our other companies providing natural gas or electric services in Mexico; Chile; Peru; southwest Alabama; and Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
 
When they become operational, projects owned or partially owned by Sempra Natural Gas, Sempra Renewables, Sempra South American Utilities and Sempra Mexico place significant reliance on the ability of their suppliers and customers to perform on long-term agreements and on our ability to enforce contract terms in the event of nonperformance. We consider many factors, including the negotiation of supplier and customer agreements, when we evaluate and approve development projects.
 


 
NOTE 16. SEGMENT INFORMATION
 

We have six separately managed reportable segments, as follows:
 
1.  
SDG&E provides electric service to San Diego and southern Orange counties and natural gas service to San Diego County.

2.  
SoCalGas is a natural gas distribution utility, serving customers throughout most of Southern California and part of central California.

3.  
Sempra South American Utilities operates electric transmission and distribution utilities in Chile and Peru. In June 2013, we sold our interests in two Argentine utilities, which we discuss further in Note 4 above.

4.  
Sempra Mexico develops, owns and operates, or holds interests in, natural gas transmission pipelines and propane and ethane systems, a natural gas distribution utility, electric generation facilities (including wind), a terminal for the import of LNG, and marketing operations for the purchase of LNG and the purchase and sale of natural gas in Mexico.

5.  
Sempra Renewables develops, owns and operates, or holds interests in, wind and solar energy projects in Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Indiana, Kansas, Nebraska, Nevada and Pennsylvania to serve wholesale electricity markets in the United States.
 
6.  
Sempra Natural Gas develops, owns and operates, or holds interests in, a natural gas-fired electric generation asset, natural gas pipelines and storage facilities, natural gas distribution utilities and a terminal for the import and export of LNG and sale of natural gas, all within the United States.

Sempra South American Utilities and Sempra Mexico comprise our Sempra International operating unit.  Sempra Renewables and Sempra Natural Gas comprise our Sempra U.S. Gas & Power operating unit.
 
We evaluate each segment’s performance based on its contribution to Sempra Energy’s reported earnings. The California Utilities operate in essentially separate service territories, under separate regulatory frameworks and rate structures set by the CPUC. The California Utilities’ operations are based on rates set by the CPUC and the FERC. We describe the accounting policies of all of our segments in Note 1.
 
Common services shared by the business segments are assigned directly or allocated based on various cost factors, depending on the nature of the service provided. Interest income and expense is recorded on intercompany loans. The loan balances and related interest are eliminated in consolidation.
 
Sempra Natural Gas’ sales to the DWR, under a 10-year contract that expired September 30, 2011, comprised 6 percent of our revenues in 2011.
 
The following tables show selected information by segment from our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Balance Sheets. We provide information about our equity method investments by segment in Note 4. Amounts labeled as “All other” in the following tables consist primarily of parent organizations and the former commodities-marketing businesses of RBS Sempra Commodities, as we discuss in Note 4.
 

SEGMENT INFORMATION
(Dollars in millions)
 
Years ended December 31, 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
REVENUES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  SDG&E
$ 
 4,066 
 39 
% 
$ 
 3,694 
 38 
% 
$ 
 3,373 
 34 
% 
  SoCalGas
 
 3,736 
 35 
 
 
 3,282 
 34 
 
 
 3,816 
 38 
 
  Sempra South American Utilities
 
 1,495 
 14 
 
 
 1,441 
 15 
 
 
 1,080 
 11 
 
  Sempra Mexico
 
 675 
 6 
 
 
 605 
 6 
 
 
 736 
 7 
 
  Sempra Renewables
 
 82 
 1 
 
 
 68 
 1 
 
 
 22 
 ― 
 
  Sempra Natural Gas
 
 908 
 9 
 
 
 931 
 10 
 
 
 1,632 
 16 
 
  Adjustments and eliminations
 
 (2)
 ― 
 
 
 (2)
 ― 
 
 
 (2)
 ― 
 
  Intersegment revenues(1)
 
 (403)
 (4)
 
 
 (372)
 (4)
 
 
 (621)
 (6)
 
      Total
$ 
 10,557 
 100 
% 
$ 
 9,647 
 100 
% 
$ 
 10,036 
 100 
% 
INTEREST EXPENSE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  SDG&E
$ 
 197 
 
 
$ 
 173 
 
 
$ 
 142 
 
 
  SoCalGas
 
 69 
 
 
 
 68 
 
 
 
 69 
 
 
  Sempra South American Utilities
 
 27 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 
  Sempra Mexico
 
 17 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 
  Sempra Renewables
 
 23 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 
  Sempra Natural Gas
 
 116 
 
 
 
 98 
 
 
 
 80 
 
 
  All other
 
 241 
 
 
 
 251 
 
 
 
 233 
 
 
  Intercompany eliminations
 
 (131)
 
 
 
 (159)
 
 
 
 (125)
 
 
      Total
$ 
 559 
 
 
$ 
 493 
 
 
$ 
 465 
 
 
INTEREST INCOME
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  SDG&E
$ 
 1 
 
 
$ 
 ― 
 
 
$ 
 ― 
 
 
  SoCalGas
 
 ― 
 
 
 
 ― 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
  Sempra South American Utilities
 
 14 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 22 
 
 
  Sempra Mexico
 
 2 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
  Sempra Renewables
 
 20 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 ― 
 
 
  Sempra Natural Gas
 
 88 
 
 
 
 55 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 
  All other
 
 ― 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 ― 
 
 
  Intercompany eliminations
 
 (105)
 
 
 
 (58)
 
 
 
 (32)
 
 
      Total
$ 
 20 
 
 
$ 
 24 
 
 
$ 
 26 
 
 
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  SDG&E
$ 
 494 
 44 
% 
$ 
 490 
 45 
% 
$ 
 422 
 43 
% 
  SoCalGas
 
 383 
 35 
 
 
 362 
 33 
 
 
 331 
 34 
 
  Sempra South American Utilities
 
 59 
 5 
 
 
 56 
 5 
 
 
 40 
 4 
 
  Sempra Mexico
 
 63 
 6 
 
 
 62 
 6 
 
 
 63 
 6 
 
  Sempra Renewables
 
 21 
 2 
 
 
 16 
 1 
 
 
 6 
 1 
 
  Sempra Natural Gas
 
 81 
 7 
 
 
 93 
 9 
 
 
 103 
 11 
 
  All other
 
 12 
 1 
 
 
 11 
 1 
 
 
 11 
 1 
 
      Total
$ 
 1,113 
 100 
% 
$ 
 1,090 
 100 
% 
$ 
 976 
 100 
% 
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  SDG&E
$ 
 191 
 
 
$ 
 190 
 
 
$ 
 237 
 
 
  SoCalGas
 
 116 
 
 
 
 79 
 
 
 
 143 
 
 
  Sempra South American Utilities
 
 67 
 
 
 
 78 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 
  Sempra Mexico
 
 60 
 
 
 
 73 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 
  Sempra Renewables
 
 (19)
 
 
 
 (63)
 
 
 
 (28)
 
 
  Sempra Natural Gas
 
 40 
 
 
 
 (157)
 
 
 
 72 
 
 
  All other
 
 (89)
 
 
 
 (141)
 
 
 
 (109)
 
 
      Total
$ 
 366 
 
 
$ 
 59 
 
 
$ 
 394 
 
 
 

 
SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)
(Dollars in millions)
 
 
At December 31 or for the years ended December 31, 
 
 
2013 
2012 
2011 
EARNINGS (LOSSES)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   SDG&E(2)
$ 
 404 
 41 
% 
$ 
 484 
 56 
% 
$ 
 431 
 32 
% 
   SoCalGas(3)
 
 364 
 37 
 
 
 289 
 34 
 
 
 287 
 22 
 
   Sempra South American Utilities
 
 153 
 15 
 
 
 164 
 19 
 
 
 425 
 32 
 
   Sempra Mexico
 
 122 
 12 
 
 
 157 
 18 
 
 
 192 
 14 
 
   Sempra Renewables
 
 62 
 6 
 
 
 61 
 7 
 
 
 7 
 1 
 
   Sempra Natural Gas
 
 64 
 6 
 
 
 (241)
 (28)
 
 
 115 
 9 
 
   All other
 
 (168)
 (17)
 
 
 (55)
 (6)
 
 
 (126)
 (10)
 
       Total
$ 
 1,001 
 100 
% 
$ 
 859 
 100 
% 
$ 
 1,331 
 100 
% 
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   SDG&E
$ 
 15,377 
 41 
% 
$ 
 14,744 
 40 
% 
$ 
 13,555 
 41 
% 
   SoCalGas
 
 9,147 
 25 
 
 
 9,071 
 25 
 
 
 8,475 
 25 
 
   Sempra South American Utilities
 
 3,531 
 10 
 
 
 3,310 
 9 
 
 
 2,981 
 9 
 
   Sempra Mexico
 
 3,246 
 9 
 
 
 2,591 
 7 
 
 
 2,502 
 8 
 
   Sempra Renewables
 
 1,219 
 3 
 
 
 2,439 
 7 
 
 
 1,210 
 4 
 
   Sempra Natural Gas
 
 7,200 
 19 
 
 
 5,145 
 14 
 
 
 5,738 
 17 
 
   All other
 
 838 
 2 
 
 
 818 
 2 
 
 
 442 
 1 
 
   Intersegment receivables
 
 (3,314)
 (9)
 
 
 (1,619)
 (4)
 
 
 (1,654)
 (5)
 
       Total
$ 
 37,244 
 100 
% 
$ 
 36,499 
 100 
% 
$ 
 33,249 
 100 
% 
EXPENDITURES FOR PROPERTY, PLANT & EQUIPMENT
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   SDG&E
$ 
 978 
 38 
% 
$ 
 1,237 
 42 
% 
$ 
 1,831 
 64 
% 
   SoCalGas
 
 762 
 30 
 
 
 639 
 22 
 
 
 683 
 24 
 
   Sempra South American Utilities
 
 200 
 8 
 
 
 183 
 6 
 
 
 110 
 4 
 
   Sempra Mexico
 
 371 
 14 
 
 
 45 
 2 
 
 
 16 
 ― 
 
   Sempra Renewables
 
 176 
 7 
 
 
 717 
 24 
 
 
 248 
 9 
 
   Sempra Natural Gas
 
 83 
 3 
 
 
 131 
 4 
 
 
 157 
 6 
 
   All other
 
 2 
 ― 
 
 
 4 
 ― 
 
 
 4 
 ― 
 
   Intercompany eliminations(4)
 
 ― 
 ― 
 
 
 ― 
 ― 
 
 
 (205)
 (7)
 
       Total
$ 
 2,572 
 100 
% 
$ 
 2,956 
 100 
% 
$ 
 2,844 
 100 
% 
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-lived assets(5):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   United States
$ 
 22,654 
 84 
% 
$ 
 22,698 
 85 
% 
$ 
 21,405 
 85 
% 
   Mexico
 
 2,597 
 9 
 
 
 2,219 
 8 
 
 
 2,189 
 9 
 
   South America
 
 1,784 
 7 
 
 
 1,790 
 7 
 
 
 1,542 
 6 
 
      Total
$ 
 27,035 
 100 
% 
$ 
 26,707 
 100 
% 
$ 
 25,136 
 100 
% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   United States
$ 
 8,478 
 80 
% 
$ 
 7,711 
 80 
% 
$ 
 8,521 
 85 
% 
   South America
 
 1,495 
 14 
 
 
 1,441 
 15 
 
 
 1,080 
 11 
 
   Mexico
 
 584 
 6 
 
 
 495 
 5 
 
 
 435 
 4 
 
      Total
$ 
 10,557 
 100 
% 
$ 
 9,647 
 100 
% 
$ 
 10,036 
 100 
% 
(1)
Revenues for reportable segments include intersegment revenues of:
 
$10 million, $70 million, $91 million and $232 million for 2013, $8 million, $46 million, $108 million and $210 million for 2012, and $6 million, $53 million, $300 million and $262 million for 2011 for SDG&E, SoCalGas, Sempra Mexico and Sempra Natural Gas, respectively.
(2)
After preferred dividends and 2013 call premium on preferred stock.
(3)
After preferred dividends.
(4)
Amount represents elimination of intercompany sale of El Dorado power plant (renamed Desert Star Energy Center) in 2011, by Sempra Natural Gas to SDG&E.
(5)
Includes net property, plant and equipment and investments.


 
 
 
NOTE 17. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
 


SEMPRA ENERGY
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 
 
Quarters ended 
 
 
March 31
June 30
September 30
December 31
2013 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
$ 
 2,650 
$ 
 2,651 
$ 
 2,551 
$ 
 2,705 
Expenses and other income
$ 
 2,298 
$ 
 2,353 
$ 
 2,119 
$ 
 2,357 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 178 
$ 
 267 
$ 
 323 
$ 
 320 
Earnings attributable to Sempra Energy
$ 
 178 
$ 
 245 
$ 
 296 
$ 
 282 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic per-share amounts(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net income
$ 
 0.73 
$ 
 1.10 
$ 
 1.32 
$ 
 1.31 
    Earnings attributable to Sempra Energy
$ 
 0.73 
$ 
 1.00 
$ 
 1.21 
$ 
 1.15 
    Weighted average common shares outstanding
 
 243.3 
 
 243.6 
 
 244.1 
 
 244.4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted per-share amounts(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net income
$ 
 0.72 
$ 
 1.07 
$ 
 1.29 
$ 
 1.28 
    Earnings attributable to Sempra Energy
$ 
 0.72 
$ 
 0.98 
$ 
 1.19 
$ 
 1.13 
    Weighted average common shares outstanding
 
 247.5 
 
 248.5 
 
 249.3 
 
 249.9 
2012 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
$ 
 2,383 
$ 
 2,089 
$ 
 2,507 
$ 
 2,668 
Expenses and other income
$ 
 2,026 
$ 
 2,141 
$ 
 2,178 
$ 
 2,359 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 251 
$ 
 74 
$ 
 290 
$ 
 305 
Earnings attributable to Sempra Energy
$ 
 236 
$ 
 62 
$ 
 268 
$ 
 293 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic per-share amounts(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net income
$ 
 1.04 
$ 
 0.31 
$ 
 1.20 
$ 
 1.26 
    Earnings attributable to Sempra Energy
$ 
 0.98 
$ 
 0.26 
$ 
 1.11 
$ 
 1.21 
    Weighted average common shares outstanding
 
 240.6 
 
 241.1 
 
 241.7 
 
 242.0 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted per-share amounts(1):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Net income
$ 
 1.02 
$ 
 0.30 
$ 
 1.18 
$ 
 1.23 
    Earnings attributable to Sempra Energy
$ 
 0.97 
$ 
 0.25 
$ 
 1.09 
$ 
 1.18 
    Weighted average common shares outstanding
 
 243.8 
 
 246.3 
 
 245.8 
 
 247.6 
(1)
Earnings per share are computed independently for each of the quarters and therefore may not sum to the total for the year.
 

Revenues and Expenses and Other Income for each of the quarters in 2013 compared to 2012 were higher partly due to higher natural gas prices at SoCalGas.
 
Revenues and Expenses and Other Income for the third quarter of 2013 were lower compared to the first, second and fourth quarters of 2013 due to a decrease in cost of natural gas.
 
In the first and second quarters of 2013 compared to the same periods in 2012, increased Revenues included $68 million and $67 million, respectively, of higher authorized revenues from electric transmission at SDG&E. Also in the first and second quarters of 2013 compared to the same periods in 2012, Revenues and Expenses and Other Income included $46 million and $112 million, respectively, from higher cost of electric fuel and purchased power at SDG&E.
 
In the first quarter of 2013, Expenses and Other Income were favorably impacted by $74 million and Net Income and Earnings Attributable to Sempra Energy were favorably impacted by $44 million due to the sale of one 625-MW block of the 1,250-MW Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant, as we discuss in Note 3.
 
In the first quarter of 2013, Net Income and Earnings Attributable to Sempra Energy included $63 million income tax expense resulting from a corporate reorganization in connection with the IEnova stock offerings.
 
In the second quarter of 2013, Revenues included $131 million and Net Income and Earnings Attributable to Sempra Energy included $106 million favorable impacts from the retroactive application of the 2012 GRC for the period from January 2012 to March 2013 at the California Utilities.
 
In the second quarter of 2013, Expenses and Other Income were negatively impacted by $200 million and Net Income and Earnings Attributable to Sempra Energy were negatively impacted by $119 million due to the early retirement of SONGS, as we discuss in Note 13.
 
In the second quarter of 2012, Expenses and Other Income were negatively impacted by $300 million and Net Income and Earnings Attributable to Sempra Energy were negatively impacted by $179 million from an impairment charge to write down our investment in Rockies Express, as we discuss in Note 4. In the third quarter of 2012, Expenses and Other Income were negatively impacted by $100 million and Net Income and Earnings Attributable to Sempra Energy were negatively impacted by $60 million from an impairment to further write down our investment in Rockies Express.
 
In the second quarter of 2012, Net Income and Earnings Attributable to Sempra Energy were impacted by a $54 million income tax benefit primarily associated with the decision to hold life insurance contracts that are kept in support of certain benefit plans to term.
 
We discuss quarterly fluctuations related to SDG&E and SoCalGas below.
 

SDG&E
(Dollars in millions)
 
Quarters ended 
 
March 31
June 30
September 30
December 31
2013 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating revenues
$ 
 939 
$ 
 1,064 
$ 
 1,063 
$ 
 1,000 
Operating expenses
 
 771 
 
 939 
 
 800 
 
 774 
Operating income
$ 
 168 
$ 
 125 
$ 
 263 
$ 
 226 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 81 
$ 
 73 
$ 
 139 
$ 
 142 
Losses (earnings) attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 11 
 
 (7)
 
 (5)
 
 (23)
Earnings
 
 92 
 
 66 
 
 134 
 
 119 
Call premium on preferred stock
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
 
 (3)
 
 ― 
Dividends on preferred stock
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (2)
 
 ― 
Earnings attributable to common shares
$ 
 91 
$ 
 65 
$ 
 129 
$ 
 119 
2012 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating revenues
$ 
 834 
$ 
 780 
$ 
 1,092 
$ 
 988 
Operating expenses
 
 656 
 
 611 
 
 822 
 
 796 
Operating income
$ 
 178 
$ 
 169 
$ 
 270 
$ 
 192 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 112 
$ 
 101 
$ 
 188 
$ 
 114 
Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest
 
 (6)
 
 (5)
 
 (12)
 
 (3)
Earnings
 
 106 
 
 96 
 
 176 
 
 111 
Dividends on preferred stock
 
 (1)
 
 (1)
 
 (2)
 
 (1)
Earnings attributable to common shares
$ 
 105 
$ 
 95 
$ 
 174 
$ 
 110 
 


Net Income and Earnings were negatively impacted by higher operating expenses due to the delay in the CPUC decision on the 2012 GRC until the second quarter of 2013.
 
In the first and second quarters of 2013 compared to the same periods in 2012, Operating Revenues for SDG&E included $68 million and $67 million, respectively, of higher authorized revenues from electric transmission, primarily related to placing the Sunrise Powerlink transmission line in service in June 2012.
 
In the first and second quarters of 2013 compared to the same periods in 2012, Operating Revenues and Operating Expenses for SDG&E included $46 million and $112 million, respectively, from higher cost of electric fuel and purchased power due to
 
§  
$19 million and $94 million, respectively, from the incremental cost of renewable energy and increased cost of other purchased power primarily due to higher prices; and
 
§  
$27 million and $18 million, respectively, of increases in the cost of power purchased to replace power scheduled to be generated and delivered to SDG&E from SONGS.
 
SDG&E’s Operating Revenues in the second quarter of 2013 included $90 million and Net Income and Earnings included $69 million favorable impacts from the retroactive application of the 2012 GRC for the period from January 2012 to March 2013.
 
In the second quarter of 2013, Operating Expenses were negatively impacted by $200 million and Net Income and Earnings were negatively impacted by $119 million due to the early retirement of SONGS, as we discuss in Note 13.
 
In the third quarter of 2012, SDG&E’s Net Income and Earnings were impacted by $33 million from a change in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures that are capitalized for financial statement purposes ($22 million for the full year 2011 and $11 million for the first six months of 2012).
 

SOCALGAS
(Dollars in millions)
 
Quarters ended 
 
March 31
June 30
September 30
December 31
2013 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating revenues
$ 
 983 
$ 
 904 
$ 
 807 
$ 
 1,042 
Operating expenses
 
 900 
 
 725 
 
 652 
 
 920 
Operating income
$ 
 83 
$ 
 179 
$ 
 155 
$ 
 122 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 46 
$ 
 119 
$ 
 102 
$ 
 98 
Dividends on preferred stock
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Earnings attributable to common shares
$ 
 46 
$ 
 118 
$ 
 102 
$ 
 98 
2012 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating revenues
$ 
 880 
$ 
 720 
$ 
 728 
$ 
 954 
Operating expenses
 
 761 
 
 625 
 
 609 
 
 867 
Operating income
$ 
 119 
$ 
 95 
$ 
 119 
$ 
 87 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
$ 
 66 
$ 
 54 
$ 
 71 
$ 
 99 
Dividends on preferred stock
 
 ― 
 
 (1)
 
 ― 
 
 ― 
Earnings attributable to common shares
$ 
 66 
$ 
 53 
$ 
 71 
$ 
 99 

Net Income and Earnings were negatively impacted by higher operating expenses due to the delay in the CPUC decision on the 2012 GRC until the second quarter of 2013.
 
SoCalGas’ Operating Revenues and Operating Expenses for each of the quarters in 2013 compared to 2012 were higher primarily due to higher natural gas prices.
 
In the second quarter of 2013, Operating Revenues included $41 million and Net Income and Earnings included $37 million favorable impacts from the retroactive application of the 2012 GRC for the period from January 2012 to March 2013.
 
In the fourth quarter of 2013 compared to 2012, SoCalGas’ Net Income and Earnings were impacted by $26 million lower income tax benefit due to a change in 2012 in the income tax treatment of certain repairs expenditures that are capitalized for financial statement purposes. This was offset by the favorable impacts in 2013 of $19 million due to higher CPUC base operating margin as a result of the 2012 GRC decision and $12 million primarily due to higher favorable resolution of prior years’ tax issues.
 

 
NOTE 18. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
 

 
MESQUITE POWER PLANT
 
In January 2014, management approved a plan to market and sell the remaining 625-MW block of Sempra Natural Gas’ Mesquite Power natural gas-fired power plant in Arizona. As a result, in January 2014, we ceased depreciation on the plant and classified the book value of $287 million as an asset held for sale.
 

 
 

GLOSSARY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2010 Tax Act
Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010
 
ConEdison Development
Consolidated Edison Development
2012 GRC
2012 General Rate Case
 
Cox
Cox Communications
2012 Tax Act
American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012
 
CPSD
Consumer Protection and Safety Division, now known as the Safety and Enforcement Division
AB
Assembly Bill
 
CPUC
California Public Utilities Commission
AFUDC
Allowance for funds used during construction
 
CRE
Comisión Reguladora de Energía (Energy Regulatory Commission) (Mexico)
AMI
Advanced metering infrastructure
 
CRRs
Congestion revenue rights
AOCI
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 
DA
Direct Access
ARO
Asset retirement obligation
 
DOE
U.S. Department of Energy
ASLB
Atomic Safety and Licensing Board
 
DRA
Division of Ratepayer Advocates
ASU
Accounting Standards Update
 
DWR
California Department of Water Resources
Bay Gas
Bay Gas Storage Company, Ltd.
 
EBITDA
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization
Bcf
Billion cubic feet
 
Ecogas
Ecogas Mexico, S de RL de CV
Black-Scholes model
Black-Scholes option-pricing model
 
Edison
Southern California Edison Company
BLM
Bureau of Land Management
 
EGWP
Employer Group Waiver Plan
BMV
La Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. (Mexican Stock Exchange)
 
EIA
Environmental impact authorization
CAL
Confirmatory Action Letter
 
EIR
Environmental impact report
Cal Fire
California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection
 
Eletrans
Eletrans, collectively for Eletrans S.A. and Eletrans II S. A.
California Utilities
San Diego Gas & Electric Company and Southern California Gas Company
 
EMA
Energy Management Agreement
Cameron LNG
Cameron LNG, LLC
 
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
CARE
California Alternate Rates for Energy
 
EPS
Earnings per common share
CBA
Collective bargaining agreement
 
ERRA
Energy Resource Recovery Account
Cedar Creek 2
Cedar Creek 2 Wind Farm
 
ESOP
Employee stock ownership plan
CFE
Comisión Federal de Electricidad (Federal Electricity Commission) (Mexico)
 
ESP
Energy Service Provider
CFTC
U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission
 
FERC
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Chilquinta Energía
Chilquinta Energía S.A. and its subsidiaries
 
Final GRC Decision
Final CPUC decision on 2012 General Rate Case
Citizens
Citizens Sunrise Transmission, LLC
 
Flat Ridge 2
Flat Ridge 2 Wind Farm
CLF
Chilean Unidad de Fomento
 
Fowler Ridge 2
Fowler Ridge 2 Wind Farm
CMS 1
Copper Mountain Solar 1
 
FTC
Federal Trade Commission
CMS 2
Copper Mountain Solar 2
 
Gazprom
Gazprom Marketing & Trading Mexico
CMS 3
Copper Mountain Solar 3
 
GCIM
Gas cost incentive mechanism
CNE
Comisión Nacional de Energía (National Energy Commission) (Chile)
 
GRC
General Rate Case
CNF
Cleveland National Forest
 
HMRC
United Kingdom's Revenue and Customs Department
 
 
GLOSSARY (CONTINUED)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HRA
Health Retirement Account
 
NDT
Nuclear Decommissioning Trusts
IEnova
Infraestructura Energética Nova, S.A.B. de C.V.
 
NEIL
Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited
IFRS
International Financial Reporting Standards
 
NERC
North American Electric Reliability Corporation
IOUs
Investor-owned utilities
 
NOL
Net operating loss
IRS
Internal Revenue Service
 
NRC
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
ISFSI
Independent spent fuel storage installation
 
NYK
Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha
ISO
California Independent System Operator, also known as CAISO
 
OCI
Other comprehensive income
ITC
Investment tax credits
 
OII
Order Instituting Investigation
JP Morgan
J.P. Morgan Chase & Co.
 
OMEC
Otay Mesa Energy Center
J.P. Morgan Ventures
J.P. Morgan Ventures Energy Corporation
 
OMEC LLC
Otay Mesa Energy Center LLC
KMI
Kinder Morgan, Inc.
 
ORA
Office of Ratepayer Advocates (formerly the Division of Ratepayer Advocates or DRA)
KMP
Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P.
 
OSINERGMIN
Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión en Energía y Minería (Energy and Mining Investment Supervisory Body) (Peru)
kV
Kilovolt
 
Otay Mesa VIE
Otay Mesa Energy Center LLC
Liberty
Liberty Gas Storage, LLC
 
OTC
Over-the-counter
LIFO
Last-in first-out
 
PBOP
Other postretirement benefit plans
LNG
Liquefied natural gas
 
PBOP plan trusts
Postretirement benefit plan trusts
Luz del Sur
Luz del Sur S.A.A. and its subsidiaries
 
PCB
Polychlorinated Biphenyl
Luzlinares
Luzlinares S.A.
 
PCRB
Pollution Control Revenue Bonds
MBFC
Mississippi Business Finance Corporation
 
PD
Proposed Decision
Mcf
Thousand cubic feet
 
PE
Pacific Enterprises
Mehoopany Wind
Mehoopany Wind Farm
 
PEMEX
Petróleos Mexicanos (Mexican state-owned oil company)
MHI
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
 
PG&E
Pacific Gas and Electric Company
MHI Collectively
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Mitsubishi Nuclear Energy Systems, Inc., and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America, Inc.
 
PPA
Power Purchase Agreement
Mississippi Hub
Mississippi Hub, LLC
 
PPACA
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
MMBtu
Million British thermal units (of natural gas)
 
PRP
Potentially Responsible Party
MMcf
Million Cubic Feet
 
PSEP
Pipeline Safety Enhancement Plan
Mobile Gas
Mobile Gas Service Corporation
 
PTC
Production tax credit
MS 1
Mesquite Solar 1
 
RBS
The Royal Bank of Scotland plc
MSUP
Master Special Use Permit
 
RBS SEE
RBS Sempra Energy Europe
Mtpa
Million Tonnes per annum
 
RBS Sempra Commodities
RBS Sempra commodities LLP
MW
Megawatt
 
RECs
Renewable energy certificates
MWh
Megawatt Hour
 
REX
Rockies Express Pipeline
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOSSARY (CONTINUED)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rockies Express
Rockies Express Pipeline LLC
 
U.S. GAAP
Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States
ROE
Return on equity
 
USFS
United States Forest Service
ROR
Rate of return
 
VaR
Value at Risk
RPS
Renewables Portfolio Standard
 
VAT
Value added tax
RSAs
Restricted Stock Awards
 
VEBA
Voluntary Employee Beneficiary Association
RSUs
Restricted Stock Units
 
VIE
Variable interest entity
SAESA
Sociedad Austral de Electricidad Sociedad Anónima
 
VNR
Valor Nuevo de Reemplazo (New replacement value) (Chile and Peru)
SB
Senate Bill
 
VREP
Voluntary Retirement Enhancement Program
SDG&E
San Diego Gas & Electric Company
 
Williams
Williams Midstream Natural Gas Liquids, Inc.
SEDATU
Secretaria de Desarrollo Agrario, Territorial y Urbano
 
Willmut Gas
Willmut Gas Company
SEMARNAT
Mexican environmental protection agency
 
 
 
SFP
Secondary financial protection
 
 
 
Shell
Shell México Gas Natural
 
 
 
SoCalGas
Southern California Gas Company
 
 
 
SONGS
San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station
 
 
 
SPPR Group
Southwest Public Power Resources Group
 
 
 
SRP
Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District
 
 
 
S&P
Standard & Poor's
 
 
 
SWPL
Southwest Power Link
 
 
 
Tallgrass
Tallgrass Energy Partners, L.P.
 
 
 
Tangguh PSC
Tangguh PSC Contractors
 
 
 
TCAP
Triennial Cost Allocation Proceeding
 
 
 
Tecnored
Tecnored S.A.
 
 
 
Tecsur
Tecsur S.A.
 
 
 
The 2013 Plan
Sempra Energy 2013 Long-Term Incentive Plan
 
 
 
The Committees
Pension and Benefits Investments Committee
 
 
 
TIMP
Transmission Integrity Management Program
 
 
 
TO4
Electric Transmission Formula Rate
 
 
 
ESOP
ESOP Trust
 
 
 
TURN
The Utility Reform Network